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deficiency</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: C1 esterase deficiency"> <meta name="keywords" content="C1 esterase deficiency"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="C1 esterase deficiency"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 421</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: C1 esterase deficiency</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">421</span> Hereditary Angioedema: Case Presentation and Review of Anaesthetic Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Chew">Joshua Chew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vesa%20Cheng"> Vesa Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Thomson"> David Thomson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) or C1 esterase deficiency is a relatively rare entity that has a potential for significant anesthetic complications. Methods: A literature review was performed of published cases of surgery in patients with HAE. Results were limited to English language only and cases were examined for management strategies and successful prevention of acute attacks. Results: The literature revealed the successful use of C1 esterase inhibitors as the most common agent in surgical prophylaxis therapy. Other therapeutic targets described included kallikrein inhibitors and bradykinin B2 receptor antagonists. Conclusions: Therapeutic targets that exist for the management of acute attacks in HAE have been successfully employed in the setting of surgery. The data is currently limited and could not be used as a firm evidence base, but the limited outcomes seen are positive and reassuring for the prospective anesthetic management of this potentially fatal condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anesthesia" title="anesthesia">anesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C1%20esterase%20deficiency" title=" C1 esterase deficiency"> C1 esterase deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hereditary%20angioedema" title=" hereditary angioedema"> hereditary angioedema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20prophylaxis" title=" surgical prophylaxis"> surgical prophylaxis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34031/hereditary-angioedema-case-presentation-and-review-of-anaesthetic-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">420</span> Pancreatic Lipase and Cholesterol Esterase Inhibitors from Thai Medicinal Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwanchai%20Ratanamanee">Kwanchai Ratanamanee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pattra%20Ahmadi%20Pirshahid"> Pattra Ahmadi Pirshahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaowaluk%20Khamphan"> Yaowaluk Khamphan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirinan%20Thubthimthad"> Sirinan Thubthimthad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obesity is a main global health problem. The obesity rated has continued to be higher and higher. It causes to serious systems, diabetes, coronary artery disease, stroke, and some types of cancer. Oristat is one of the best drugs worldwide used as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor. To develop the new therapeutic drugs from medicinal plant always explored. In this study, 24 medicinal plants were investigated for their pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase inhibitory effects with Fluorometer assay and oristat as a positive control. It showed that the ethanolic extract of pods of Acacia concinna (Willd.) D.C., possess pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase inhibitory activities of IC50 at 2.73 and 3.77 mg/ml respectively as well as oral acute toxicity of the extract (LD50) was 6,300 mg/kg body weight. The extract of A.concinna should be further investigated in animal testing. The results of pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase inhibitor of the extracts will lead us to utilize A.concinna for developing as obesity dietary supplement from a medicinal plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acacia%20concinna%20%28Willd.%29%20D.%20C." title="Acacia concinna (Willd.) D. C.">Acacia concinna (Willd.) D. C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol%20esterase" title=" cholesterol esterase"> cholesterol esterase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20lipase" title=" pancreatic lipase"> pancreatic lipase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33338/pancreatic-lipase-and-cholesterol-esterase-inhibitors-from-thai-medicinal-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">419</span> Development of Functional Dandelion (Tarazacum officinale) Beverage Using Lactobacillus acidophilus F46 with Cinnamoyl Esterase Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Geun%20Yun">Yong Geun Yun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Hui%20kim"> Jong Hui kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Ho%20Baik"> Sang Ho Baik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out to develop a fermented dandelion (Tarazacum officinale) beverage using lactic acid bacteria with cinnamoyl esterase (CE) activity isolated from human feces. Lactic acid bacteria were screened based on bacterial survival ability in dandelion extract and CE activity. Dandelion extract fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus F-46 (LA-F46) maintained approximately 105-106 log CFU/mL over an 8 days period. After fermented dandelion beverage (FDB) with LA-46 for 8 days at 37oC the pH was decreased from pH 7.0 to 3.5. Antioxidant activity by using DPPH radical scavenging activity of the prepared FDB was significantly increased compared to that of non-fermented dandelion beverage (NFDB). Moreover, CE activity was significantly enhanced during fermentation and showed the approximately 4.3 times increased concentration of caffeic acid up to 9.91 mg/100 mL after 8 days of incubation compared to NFDB. Therefore, it concluded that dandelion can be a good source for preparing a functional beverage and fermentation by LA-F46 enhanced the food functionality with enhanced caffeic acids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cinnamoyl%20esterase" title="cinnamoyl esterase">cinnamoyl esterase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dandelion" title=" dandelion"> dandelion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermented%20beverage" title=" fermented beverage"> fermented beverage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40995/development-of-functional-dandelion-tarazacum-officinale-beverage-using-lactobacillus-acidophilus-f46-with-cinnamoyl-esterase-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">418</span> Prevalence and Determinants of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Pregnant Xhosa Women </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abiodun">A. Abiodun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20George"> G. George</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Longo-Mbenza"> B. Longo-Mbenza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Blanco-Blanco"> E. Blanco-Blanco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To determine the prevalence and determinants of iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnant Xhosa women practising geophagia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant Xhosa women from rural areas of Mthatha, South Africa, according to socio-demographic, geophagia, haematologic and iron metabolism profiles using univariate and multivariate analyses. Anaemia was defined by haemoglobin <11 g/dL and iron deficiency was defined by serum ferritin < 12 ug/L. Results: Out of 210 pregnant women (mean age =23±5.3 for geophagic and 25.6±5.3 for non-geophagic), 51.4% (n = 108) had iron deficiency anaemia (50.9% geophagic and 49.1% non-geophagic). After adjusting for confounders, only geophagia (OR=2.1 95% CI 1.1-4.2; P=0.029) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration categories (< 30.5 g/dL with OR=16.6 95% CI 6.8-40.2; P < 0.0001; 30.5-31.5 g/dL with OR=2.9 95% CI 1.4-6.1; P=0.006; and ≥ 31.5 g/dL with OR=1) were identified as the most important significant and independent determinants of iron deficiency anaemia. Conclusion: The study results point to the potential harm geophagia can cause in pregnant women. The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia is unacceptably high. Geophagic behaviour, low MCHC presented as particular risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia in this study. Education and counselling about appropriate diet during pregnancy and prevention of geophagic behaviour (and health consequences) are needed among pregnant Xhosa women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geophagia" title="geophagia">geophagia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency%20anaemia" title=" iron deficiency anaemia"> iron deficiency anaemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xhosa" title=" Xhosa"> Xhosa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62093/prevalence-and-determinants-of-iron-deficiency-anaemia-in-pregnant-xhosa-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">417</span> Investigating The Nexus Between Energy Deficiency, Environmental Sustainability and Renewable Energy: The Role of Energy Trade in Global Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahim%20Ullah">Fahim Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Usman"> Muhammad Usman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy consumption and environmental sustainability are hard challenges of 21st century. Energy richness increases environmental pollution while energy poverty hinders economic growth. Considering these two aspects, present study calculates energy deficiency and examines the role of renewable energy to overcome rising energy deficiency and carbon emission for selected countries from 1990 to 2021. For empirical analysis, this study uses methods of moments panel quantile regression analysis and to check the robustness, study used panel quantile robust analysis. Graphical analysis indicated rising global energy deficiency since last three decades where energy consumption is higher than energy production. Empirical results showed that renewable energy is a significant factor for reducing energy deficiency. Secondly, the energy deficiency increases carbon emission level and again renewable energy decreases emissions level. This study recommends that global energy deficiency and rising carbon emissions can be controlled through structural change in the form of energy transition to replace non-renewable resources with renewable resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20deficiency" title="energy deficiency">energy deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20emission" title=" carbon emission"> carbon emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20trade" title=" energy trade"> energy trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PQL%20analysis" title=" PQL analysis"> PQL analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183640/investigating-the-nexus-between-energy-deficiency-environmental-sustainability-and-renewable-energy-the-role-of-energy-trade-in-global-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">416</span> Pyrethroid Resistance and Its Mechanism in Field Populations of the Sand Termite, Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai.%20M.%20Toughan">Mai. M. Toughan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20A.%20Sallam"> Ahmed A. A. Sallam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20O.%20Abd%20El-Latif"> Ashraf O. Abd El-Latif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Termites are eusocial insects that are found on all continents except Antarctica. Termites have serious destructive impact, damaging local huts and crops of poor subsistence. The annual cost of termite damage and its control is determined in the billions globally. In Egypt, most of these damages are due to the subterranean termite species especially the sand termite, <em>P. hypostoma</em>. Pyrethroids became the primary weapon for subterranean termite control, after the use of chlorpyrifos as a soil termiticide was banned. Despite the important role of pyrethroids in termite control, its extensive use in pest control led to the eventual rise of insecticide resistance which may make many of the pyrethroids ineffective. The ability to diagnose the precise mechanism of pyrethroid resistance in any insect species would be the key component of its management at specified location for a specific population. In the present study, detailed toxicological and biochemical studies was conducted on the mechanism of pyrethroid resistance in <em>P. hypostoma</em>. The susceptibility of field populations of <em>P. hypostoma</em> against deltamethrin, α-cypermethrin and ƛ-cyhalothrin was evaluated. The obtained results revealed that the workers of <em>P. hypostoma</em> have developed high resistance level against the tested pyrethroids. Studies carried out through estimation of detoxification enzyme activity indicated that enhanced esterase and cytochrome P450 activities were probably important mechanisms for pyrethroid resistance in field populations. Elevated esterase activity and also additional esterase isozyme were observed in the pyrethroid-resistant populations compared to the susceptible populations. Strong positive correlation between cytochrome P450 activity and pyrethroid resistance was also reported. |Deltamethrin could be recommended as a resistance-breaking pyrethroid that is active against resistant populations of <em>P. hypostoma.</em> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Psammotermes%20hypostoma" title="Psammotermes hypostoma">Psammotermes hypostoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrethroid%20resistance" title=" pyrethroid resistance"> pyrethroid resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esterase" title=" esterase"> esterase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytochrome%20P450" title=" cytochrome P450"> cytochrome P450</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71638/pyrethroid-resistance-and-its-mechanism-in-field-populations-of-the-sand-termite-psammotermes-hypostoma-desneux" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">415</span> Thrombophilic Risk Factors and Pregnancy Complications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Azzam1">Hanan Azzam1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nashwa%20Abousamra1"> Nashwa Abousamra1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20Mansour1"> Amany Mansour1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaser%20Abd%20El-dayem2"> Yaser Abd El-dayem2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q="></a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solafa%20Elsharawy1">Solafa Elsharawy1</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Inherited thrombophilias are a heterogenous group of conditions which have been implicated in a variety of pregnancy complications. More recently, deficiency of protein Z (PZ) has been liked to pregnancy complications, including preterm delivery. Aim: We designed this study to evaluate the association of inherited thrombophilias including [Protein C (PC), Protein S (PS), Anti thrombin III (ATIII) deficiency and activated protein C (APC) resistance] and protein Z deficiency with a variety of pregnancy complications. Patients and Methods: 60 women with different pregnancy complications, including 20 patients with preeclampsia, 20 patients with intrauterine growth resistance (IUGR), and 20 patients with intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), in addition to 30 healthy pregnant women were recruited for the present study. PC and free PS antigen, ATIII activity, modified functional APC-resistance, and PZ levels were determined. Results: There was no significant association between inherited thrombophilias and complicated pregnancies as regards PC deficiency (p=1.0), AT III and PS deficiency (p=0.312), and APC-resistance (P=0.083). PZ was significantly associated with complicated pregnancies (p=0.012). Patients with protein Z levels below 1.5 µg/ml were considered deficient. Accordingly, we demonstrated protein Z deficiency in 30% of complicated pregnancies (RR 6.0, 95% CI 1.29-27.90;p=0.022), 20% of preeclampsia (RR 3.5, 95% CI 0.57 – 21.28; P = 0.174), 40% of IUGR (RR 9.3 95% CI 1.72-50.61; P = 0.010) and 30% of IUFD (RR 6, 95% CI 1.07 – 33.64; P = 0.042). Conclusions: These findings indicate the absence of association of inherited thrombophilias, including PC, PS, AT III deficiency, and APC resistance with pregnancy complications. However, PZ deficiency is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications, especially intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine fetal death. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20C" title="protein C">protein C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20S" title=" protein S"> protein S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thrombophelia" title=" thrombophelia"> thrombophelia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20Z" title=" protein Z"> protein Z</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144318/thrombophilic-risk-factors-and-pregnancy-complications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144318.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">414</span> Deficiency Risk in Islamic and Conventional Banks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Korbi%20Fakhri">Korbi Fakhri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The management of assets and liability is a vital task for every bank as far as a good direction allows its stability; however, a bad running forewarns its disappearance. Equity of a bank is among the most important rubrics in the liability side because, actually, these funds ensure three notably primordial functions for the survival of the bank. From one hand, equity is useful to bankroll the investments and cover the unexpected losses. From another hand, they attract the fund lessors since they inspire trust. So we are going to tackle some points including whether equity of the Islamic banks are oversized. In spite of the efforts made on the subject, the relationship between the capital and the deficiency probability has not been defined with certainty. In this article, we have elaborated a study over the nature of financial intermediation in Islamic banks by comparison to those of conventional ones. We have found a striking difference between two kinds of intermediation. We tried, from another side, to study the relationship between the capital level and deficiency risk relying on econometric model, and we have obtained a positive and significant relation between the capital and the deficiency risk for the conventional banks. This means that when the capital of these banks increases, the deficiency risk increases as well. In return, since the Islamic banks are constrained to respect the Sharia Committee as well as customers’ demands who may, in certain contracts, choose to invest their capitals in projects they are interested in. These constraints have as effects to reduce the deficiency risk even when the capital increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20bank" title="Islamic bank">Islamic bank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20bank" title=" conventional bank"> conventional bank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deficiency%20risk" title=" deficiency risk"> deficiency risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20intermediation" title=" financial intermediation"> financial intermediation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19126/deficiency-risk-in-islamic-and-conventional-banks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">413</span> Assessment of Dietary Intake of Pregnant Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tuleshova%20Gulnara">Tuleshova Gulnara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abduldayeva%20Aigul"> Abduldayeva Aigul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal is based on the studying the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies among children and women of reproductive age to develop evidence-based recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of programs to prevent micronutrient deficiency. Subject: In our study we used a representative, random sample, carried out with the cluster method in the precinct of the principle areas of medical care for children 5 years of old. If the site has at least 60 children under 5 years of old, each second child was sampled, and if more than 60 children - each third child (first child selected by random sampling). The total number of investigated persons was within 80-86 women of reproductive age and children - within 80-92 people. Results: The studies found that the average prevalence of anemia among children aged 6-59 months was 35.2%, with the most susceptible to iron deficiency anemia in infants aged 6-23 months (53.3%). The prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women was 39.0% among pregnant women - 43.8%. In children, the prevalence of folate deficiency was the highest (27.6%). Among non-pregnant women, frequent prevalence of folic acid deficiency was 37.0%. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was higher among children living in Astana (37.4%) compared with the medium-republican level (23.2%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title="nutrition">nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnant%20women" title=" pregnant women"> pregnant women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micronutrients" title=" micronutrients"> micronutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macronutrients" title=" macronutrients"> macronutrients</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33662/assessment-of-dietary-intake-of-pregnant-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">616</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">412</span> The Effect of Iron Deficiency on the Magnetic Properties of Ca₀.₅La₀.₅Fe₁₂₋yO₁₉₋δ M-Type Hexaferrites </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-Hyuk%20Lee">Kang-Hyuk Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Yan"> Wei Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Im%20Yoo"> Sang-Im Yoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, Ca₁₋ₓLaₓFe₁₂O₁₉ (Ca-La M-type) hexaferrites have been reported to possess higher crystalline anisotropy compared with SrFe₁₂O₁₉ (Sr M-type) hexaferrite without reducing its saturation magnetization (Ms), resulting in higher coercivity (Hc). While iron deficiency is known to be helpful for the growth and the formation of NiZn spinel ferrites, the effect of iron deficiency in Ca-La M-type hexaferrites has never been reported yet. In this study, therefore, we tried to investigate the effect of iron deficiency on the magnetic properties of Ca₀.₅La₀.₅Fe₁₂₋yO₁₉₋δ hexaferrites prepared by solid state reaction. As-calcined powder was pressed into pellets and sintered at 1275~1325℃ for 4 h in air. Samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Powder XRD analyses revealed that Ca₀.₅La₀.₅Fe₁₂₋yO₁₉₋δ (0.75 ≦ y ≦ 2.15) ferrites calcined at 1250-1300℃ for 12 h in air were composed of single phase without the second phases. With increasing the iron deficiency, y, the lattice parameters a, c and unite cell volumes were decreased first up to y=10.25 and then increased again. The highest Ms value of 77.5 emu/g was obtainable from the sample of Ca₀.₅La₀.₅Fe₁₂₋yO₁₉₋δ sintered at 1300℃ for 4 h in air. Detailed microstructures and magnetic properties of Ca-La M-type hexagonal ferrites will be presented for a discussion <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ca-La%20M-type%20hexaferrite" title="Ca-La M-type hexaferrite">Ca-La M-type hexaferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20properties" title=" magnetic properties"> magnetic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency" title=" iron deficiency"> iron deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hexaferrite" title=" hexaferrite"> hexaferrite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78449/the-effect-of-iron-deficiency-on-the-magnetic-properties-of-ca05la05fe12yo19d-m-type-hexaferrites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">411</span> An Observational Study of Vitamin B12 Levels and Peripheral Neuropathy Profile in Patients of Diabetes Mellitus on Metformin Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamesh%20Gupta">Kamesh Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitin%20Jain"> Nitin Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anurag%20Rohatgi"> Anurag Rohatgi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To study Vitamin B12 levels and presence of peripheral neuropathy among diabetes mellitus patients on metformin therapy. Method: The observational study was conducted from November 2014 to March 2015. Patients were selected from the Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India. Exhaustive history regarding dietary habits and metformin usage was taken. Lab tests including HbA1c levels and Vit B12 assays were done, on the basis of which patients were classified into subgroups. Peripheral neuropathy was detected by both clinical scoring and electrophysiological studies. Appropriate Statistical analysis for observational studies was done to evaluate the data. Results: The average duration of metformin usage was higher in patients with definite B12 deficiency (9.4y) than patients with normal B12 levels (5.6 y). Patients in the definite B12 deficiency group had much higher incidence of neuropathy (89%) than patients with no deficiency (27%). The incidence of neuropathy was higher in cases with longer metformin usage (100% with 18-22y of use and 83% with 14-17y of use) than shorter periods (29% with 2-5y of use and 75% with 6-9y of use). Conclusion: Thus patients on long-term metformin therapy are at a high risk for Vitamin B12 deficiency. Definite and possible Vitamin B12 deficiency on metformin had an earlier onset of neuropathy than the subgroup with normal Vitamin B12 levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20neuroptahy" title="diabetic neuroptahy">diabetic neuroptahy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalamine%20deficiency" title=" cobalamine deficiency"> cobalamine deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metformin" title=" metformin"> metformin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nerve%20conduction%20studies" title=" nerve conduction studies"> nerve conduction studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67975/an-observational-study-of-vitamin-b12-levels-and-peripheral-neuropathy-profile-in-patients-of-diabetes-mellitus-on-metformin-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67975.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">410</span> Incidence of Iron Deficiency Anemia Among the Children with Febrile Seizures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samina%20Nazli">Samina Nazli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadia%20Qamar"> Nadia Qamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quratulain"> Quratulain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akasha"> Akasha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saman%20Jamal"> Saman Jamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: The objective is to determine the frequency of iron deficiency anemia among children having febrile seizures. A descriptive Cross-Sectional Study was done in the Pediatric Unit of Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital Sialkot from September 2020 to February 2021. Material & Methods: A total of 70 children were studied aged six months to 10 years, with either gender presenting with febrile seizures. All data of the patients was documented, including demographic data like age, gender, residential area, educational status, socioeconomic status and clinical findings at the time of presentation like fever, fits and duration of symptoms etc. Blood hemoglobin and ferritin levels were tested for each patient to evaluate iron deficiency anemia. Results: There were 65.7% male and 34.3% female cases in this study. The age range of the patients was 6 months to 10 years, with a mean age of 4.36 ± 2.71 years. Most of the children (60%) were below three years of age. Most children belonged to low and middle socioeconomic status with a frequency of 42.8% and 45.7%, respectively. Iron deficiency anemia was found in 38.6% of cases. The majority of the mothers were illiterate (65%). There were 44.3% cases from rural areas and 55.7% from urban areas. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia is a common problem among children with febrile seizures, younger than 03 years and belonging to rural areas. Illiterate mothers are an important risk factor for iron deficiency anemia in their children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=febrile%20seizure" title="febrile seizure">febrile seizure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency%20anemia" title=" iron deficiency anemia"> iron deficiency anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illetrate%20mother" title=" illetrate mother"> illetrate mother</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20scioeconomic%20status" title=" low scioeconomic status"> low scioeconomic status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=febrile%20siezure" title=" febrile siezure"> febrile siezure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179631/incidence-of-iron-deficiency-anemia-among-the-children-with-febrile-seizures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179631.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">409</span> Prevalence of the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Women of Childbearing Age in Morocco: Coexistence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Overweight</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fall%20Abdourahmane">Fall Abdourahmane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lazrak%20Meryem"> Lazrak Meryem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Hsaini%20Houda"> El Hsaini Houda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Ammari%20Laila"> El Ammari Laila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gamih%20Hasnae"> Gamih Hasnae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahyane%20Abdelhakim"> Yahyane Abdelhakim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjouad%20Abdelaziz"> Benjouad Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aguenaou%20Hassan"> Aguenaou Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Kari%20Khalid"> El Kari Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The double burden of malnutrition (DBM), characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition, is a significant health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Morocco, 61.3% of women of reproductive age (WRA) are overweight or obese, including 30.4% who were obese, while 34.4% were anaemic, and 49.7% have iron deficiency anaemia. Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of DBM at the individual level among Moroccan WRA, defined by the coexistence of iron deficiency anaemia and overweight/obesity. Methods: a cross-sectional national survey was conducted among a representative sample of 2090 Moroccan WRA. Data collected included socio-economic parameters, anthropometric measurements, and blood samples. Haemoglobin levels were measured photometrically using Hemocue, while ferritin and CRP were assessed through immunoturbudimetry. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity, iron deficiency, anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia among WRA in Morocco were 60.2%, 30.6%, 34.4% and 50.0% respectively. The coexistence of overweight/obesity with anaemia and iron deficiency was observed in 19.2% and 16.3% of women, respectively. Among overweight/obese women, 32.5% were anaemic, 28.4% were iron deficient, and 47.6% had iron deficiency anaemia. the prevalence of DBM was higher in urban areas compared to rural settings. Conclusion: The coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition among WRA highlights the urgent need for integrated public health interventions addressing both anaemia and obesity simultaneously. Tailored strategies should consider the specific socio-economic and geographical contexts to effectively combat this dual burden. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20double%20burden%20of%20malnutrition" title="the double burden of malnutrition">the double burden of malnutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency%20anaemia" title=" iron deficiency anaemia"> iron deficiency anaemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overweight" title=" overweight"> overweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191962/prevalence-of-the-double-burden-of-malnutrition-in-women-of-childbearing-age-in-morocco-coexistence-of-iron-deficiency-anemia-and-overweight" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">408</span> Assessing the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Moroccan Women: A Focus on Iron Deficiency and Weight Disorders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fall%20Abdourahmane">Fall Abdourahmane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lazrak%20Meryem"> Lazrak Meryem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Hsaini%20Houda"> El Hsaini Houda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Ammari%20Laila"> El Ammari Laila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gamih%20Hasnae"> Gamih Hasnae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahyane%20Abdelhakim"> Yahyane Abdelhakim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjouad%20Abdelaziz"> Benjouad Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aguenaou%20Hassan"> Aguenaou Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Kari%20Khalid"> El Kari Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The double burden of malnutrition (DBM), defined by the concurrent occurrence of undernutrition and overnutrition, represents a critical public health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Morocco, 61.3% of women of reproductive age (WRA) are classified as overweight or obese, with 30.4% meeting the criteria for obesity. Furthermore, 34.4% of WRA are affected by anaemia, and 49.7% present with iron deficiency anaemia. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the individual-level prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among Moroccan WRA, focusing on the simultaneous presence of iron deficiency anaemia and overweight/obesity. Methods: A national cross-sectional survey was carried out on a representative sample of 2090 Moroccan WRA. The data collected encompassed blood samples, anthropometric measurements and socio-economic factors. Haemoglobin levels were assessed using a Hemocue device, while ferritin and CRP levels were determined through immunoturbidimetric analysis. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity among WRA in Morocco was 60.2%, iron deficiency affected 30.6%, anaemia was found in 34.4%, and 50.0% had iron deficiency anaemia. The coexistence of overweight/obesity with anaemia was observed in 19.2% and with iron deficiency in 16.3%. Among overweight/obese women, 32.5% were anaemic, 28.4% had iron deficiency, and 47.6% had iron deficiency anaemia. The prevalence of DBM was higher in urban areas compared to rural settings. Conclusion: The DBM among women of WRA showed an emergent reality of the interconnection and the coexistence at individual level of the undernutrition and the overnutrition. Therefore, effective and dual actions that could simultaneously address the double dimension of the DBM have to be implemented for the policy solutions to be successful. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20double%20burden%20of%20malnutrition" title="the double burden of malnutrition">the double burden of malnutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency%20anemia" title=" iron deficiency anemia"> iron deficiency anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overweight" title=" overweight"> overweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192091/assessing-the-double-burden-of-malnutrition-in-moroccan-women-a-focus-on-iron-deficiency-and-weight-disorders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">407</span> A Possible Connection Between Taste Change and Zinc Deficiency after Bariatric Surgery: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boshra%20Mozaffar">Boshra Mozaffar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iskandar%20Idris"> Iskandar Idris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Taste change is a common complication after Bariatric surgery (BS). However, the cause of this is still not clear. Since zinc is important fortaste perception, zinc deficiency, which is common after BS, may play an important role for taste change after BS. In this review, we aimto collate evidence relating to taste change and zinc deficiencyin relation to BS; effects of zinc replacement on taste perception in general and thereafter discuss the possible role of zinc deficiency to induce taste change after BS. A literature search was conducted, using four electronic bibliographical databases—EMBASE, PubMed, AMED and MEDLINE. We identified all available and relevant articles published before 30th February 2021.In total, 33 studies were included. The total number of participants analysed was N= 3264. We showed that taste change is a frequent complication after BS, especially after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass RYGBP comparing to other types of procedures. Patients' taste sensitivity differs among studies, but the most important decline in taste preference was observed for sweet food. Twelve studies investigating zinc deficiency following BS showed a significant decrease in zinc levels at six months after surgery. Supplementation with 45–50 mg of zinc sulphate was effective in improving taste, except in cancer patients, who showed no improvement in taste following zinc supplementation. Zinc deficiency appears to be associated with taste change after BS. Supplementation with much higher levels of zinc, at 45–50 mg, was effective in taste change treatment for many cases of taste disorder. The currently recommended levels of zinc replacements currently prescribed to patients following BS were not effective for avoiding zinc deficiency after BS—and thus not effective for averting taste change. It is therefore suggested that taste change following BS is closely related to zinc deficiency induced by the surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taste%20change" title="taste change">taste change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taste%20disorder" title=" taste disorder"> taste disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bariatric%20surgery" title=" bariatric surgery"> bariatric surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc" title=" zinc"> zinc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20sulphate%20or%20Zn" title=" zinc sulphate or Zn"> zinc sulphate or Zn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deficiency" title=" deficiency"> deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supplementation" title=" supplementation"> supplementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20micro-nutrient%20deficiencies" title=" and micro-nutrient deficiencies"> and micro-nutrient deficiencies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148657/a-possible-connection-between-taste-change-and-zinc-deficiency-after-bariatric-surgery-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">406</span> Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Iron-Deficient Iranian Teenagers Girls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eftekhari%20M.%20H.">Eftekhari M. H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mozaffari-Khosravi%20H."> Mozaffari-Khosravi H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shidfar%20F."> Shidfar F.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Many Iranian adolescent girls are iron deficient, but it is unclear whether the iron deficiency is associated with other nutritional risk indicators. Objective: we aimed to investigate the association between iron deficiency and weight status (measured as BMI) among a reprehensive sample of teenage girls. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a region of southern I.R.Iran. One hundred eighty-seven iron-deficient participants (aged between 11 to 14) were selected by systematic random sampling among all students in grades 1 to 3 from high schools for girls. We assayed hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin, iron and total iron binding capacity and measured weight and height. Body mass index was calculated according to age and gender-specific BMI growth charts for children 2 to 20 years of age. Results: 13% were at risk for being overweight and 8.3% were overweight. The severity of iron deficiency increased as BMI increased from normal to at risk for overweight and overweight. Iron deficiency anemia was most prevalent among overweight adolescents than at risk for overweight and normal weight adolescents (28%, 18%, and 13%, respectively). Conclusions: The results of this study showed an inverse association of BMI with serum ferritin. Overweight adolescents demonstrated an increased prevalence of anemia. Because of the potentially harmful effects of iron deficiency, obese adolescents should be routinely screened and treated as necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title="adolescent">adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=over%20weight" title=" over weight"> over weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency" title=" iron deficiency"> iron deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154590/prevalence-of-overweight-and-obesity-in-iron-deficient-iranian-teenagers-girls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154590.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">405</span> Co-Limitation of Iron Deficiency in Stem Allantoin and Amino-N Formation of Peanut Plants Intercropped with Cassava</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Li">Hong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tingxian%20Li"> Tingxian Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xudong%20Wang"> Xudong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weibo%20Yang"> Weibo Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Co-limitation of iron (Fe) deficiency in legume nitrogen fixation process is not well understood. Our objectives were to examine how peanut plants cope with Fe deficiency with the rhizobial inoculants and N-nutrient treatments. The study was conducted in the tropical Hainan Island during 2012-2013. The soil was strongly acidic (pH 4.6±0.7) and deficient in Fe (9.2±2.3 mg/kg). Peanut plants were intercropped with cassava. The inoculants and N treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with three blocks. Peanut root nodulation, stem allantoin, amino acids and plant N derived from fixation (P) reduced with declining soil Fe concentrations. The treatment interactions were significant on relative ureide % and peanut yields (P<0.05). Residual fixed N from peanut plants was beneficial to cassava plants. It was concluded that co-variance of Fe deficiency could influence peanut N fixation efficiency and rhizobia and N inputs could help improving peanut tolerance to Fe deficiency stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amino%20acids" title="amino acids">amino acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20N%20derived%20from%20N%20fixation" title=" plant N derived from N fixation"> plant N derived from N fixation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20nodulation" title=" root nodulation"> root nodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20Fe%20co-variance" title=" soil Fe co-variance"> soil Fe co-variance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20ureide" title=" stem ureide"> stem ureide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peanuts" title=" peanuts"> peanuts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cassava" title=" cassava"> cassava</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10291/co-limitation-of-iron-deficiency-in-stem-allantoin-and-amino-n-formation-of-peanut-plants-intercropped-with-cassava" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">404</span> Experimental Measurements for the Effect of Dilution Procedure in Blood Esterases as Animals Biomarker for Exposure to Organophosphate Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kasim%20Sakran%20Abass">Kasim Sakran Abass</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This main aim of this study was to confirm and extend our current knowledge about the effects of dilutions on esterases activities in the blood for birds with respect to protecting the enzyme from organophosphate inhibition. There were significantly higher esterases activities in dilution 1:10 in all blood samples from quail, duck, and chick compared to other dilutions (1:5, 1:15, 1:20, and 1:25). Furthermore, our results also pointed to the importance of estimating different dilutions effects prior to using in birds as biomarker tools of environmental exposure. Concentration–inhibition curves were determined for the inhibitor in the presence of dilutions 1:5, 1:10 plus 1:15 (to stimulate carboxylesterase). Point estimates (concentrations calculated to produce 20, 50, and 80% inhibition) were compared across conditions and served as a measure of esterase-mediated detoxification. Among the thiol esters (dilution 1:5) was observed to have the highest specificity constant (kcat/Km), and the Km and kcat values were 176 μM and 16,765 s−1, respectively for S-phenyl thioacetate ester, while detected in (dilution 1:15) the lowest specificity constant (kcat/Km), and the Km and kcat values were 943 μM and 1154 s−1, respectively for acetylthiocholine iodide ester. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esterase" title="esterase">esterase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal" title=" animal"> animal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilution" title=" dilution"> dilution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticides" title=" pesticides"> pesticides</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11641/experimental-measurements-for-the-effect-of-dilution-procedure-in-blood-esterases-as-animals-biomarker-for-exposure-to-organophosphate-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">403</span> Susceptibility of Spodoptera littoralis, Field Populations in Egypt to Chlorantraniliprole and the Role of Detoxification Enzymes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20H.%20Khalifa">Mohamed H. Khalifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fikry%20I.%20El-Shahawi"> Fikry I. El-Shahawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20A.%20Mansour"> Nabil A. Mansour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cotton leafworm, <em>Spodoptera</em> <em>littoralis</em> (Boisduval) is a major insect pest of vegetables and cotton crops in Egypt, and exhibits different levels of tolerance to certain insecticides. Chlorantraniliprole has been registered recently in Egypt for control this insect. The susceptibilities of three <em>S. littoralis</em> populations collected from El Behaira governorate, north Egypt to chlorantraniliprole were determined by leaf-dipping technique on 4<sup>th</sup> instar larvae. Obvious variation of toxicity was observed among the laboratory susceptible, and three field populations with LC<sub>50</sub> values ranged between 1.53 µg/ml and 6.22 µg/ml. However, all the three field populations were less susceptible to chlorantraniliprole than a laboratory susceptible population. The most tolerant populations were sampled from El Delengat (ED) Province where <em>S. littoralis</em> had been frequently challenged by insecticides. Certain enzyme activity assays were carried out to be correlated with the mechanism of the observed field population tolerance. All field populations showed significantly enhanced activities of detoxification enzymes compared with the susceptible strain. The regression analysis between chlorantraniliprole toxicities and enzyme activities revealed that the highest correlation is between α-esterase or β-esterase (α-β-EST) activity and collected field strains susceptibility, otherwise this correlation is not significant (P > 0.05). Synergism assays showed the ED and susceptible strains could be synergized by known detoxification inhibitors such as piperonyl butoxide (PBO), triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and diethyl-maleate (DEM) at different levels (1.01-8.76-fold and 1.09-2.94 fold, respectively), TPP showed the maximum synergism in both strains. The results show that there is a correlation between the enzyme activity and tolerance, and carboxylic-esterase (Car-EST) is likely the main detoxification mechanism responsible for tolerance of <em>S. littoralis</em> to chlorantraniliprole. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorantraniliprole" title="chlorantraniliprole">chlorantraniliprole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detoxification%20enzymes" title=" detoxification enzymes"> detoxification enzymes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spodoptera%20littoralis" title=" Spodoptera littoralis"> Spodoptera littoralis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62316/susceptibility-of-spodoptera-littoralis-field-populations-in-egypt-to-chlorantraniliprole-and-the-role-of-detoxification-enzymes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">402</span> To Assess the Awareness and Health Seeking Practices Related to Vitamin-A Deficiency Diseases in Urban Slums of Delhi, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dr.Vasundhra%20Misra">Dr.Vasundhra Misra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prof.%20Praveen%20Vashist"> Prof. Praveen Vashist</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Vitamin A deficiency prevention programmes are at varying stages of development and implementation in all countries. Vitamin A deficiency has been recognized as a public health issue in developing countries like India. Despite achieving a lot of success a load of blindness due to Vitamin A deficiencies is still high. In this regard, a study was conducted to assess the awareness and health-seeking practices about Vitamin A deficiency diseases among the urban slum population of Delhi, India. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the 5 slum clusters from the urban population of South Delhi. A specially designed pre-tested questionnaire schedule was administered. The study sample was comprised of 1552 inhabitants. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 34 ± 12.1 years. A total of 1003 (64.6%) participants out of 1552, had heard of night blindness. Awareness of night blindness was more in the elderly age group and also found significant (p < 0.001). Only 31 (3.1%) knew that night blindness is caused due to deficiency of vitamin A. The awareness of vitamin A prophylaxis programme was significantly higher among elder age (p < 0.05) and females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings highlighted that even though many of the respondents have heard of night blindness but the awareness about causes and treatment was found low in the community. There is a need for efforts directed to enhance community-level counseling and educational programmes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title="awareness">awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health-seeking%20practices" title=" health-seeking practices"> health-seeking practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=night%20blindness" title=" night blindness"> night blindness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin-A%20deficiency%20diseases" title=" vitamin-A deficiency diseases"> vitamin-A deficiency diseases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107971/to-assess-the-awareness-and-health-seeking-practices-related-to-vitamin-a-deficiency-diseases-in-urban-slums-of-delhi-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">401</span> Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Its Impact on Nutritional Status of Rural Pregnant Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuzhat%20Sultana">Nuzhat Sultana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron deficiency (IDA) is the commonest nutritional anemia present in Indian pregnant women. The overall development of a fetus is determined to a great extent by the type of nourishment mother receives right from its conception. To study the risk factors of iron deficiency anemia, two hundred rural pregnant women in the age of 15-35 years in the second trimester of pregnancy from the countryside of Beed district was selected. These samples were divided into groups 'A' (experimental samples) and 'C' (control samples). Experimental samples were received oral supplementation of iron and folic acid for ninety days, but control samples did not receive any supplementation. All the samples were observed anthropometrically, biochemically and clinically before and after supplementation. The study result shows that maximum numbers of i.e. 75% pregnant women had low levels of weight and hemoglobin as compared to standard weight and HB level. However, after supplementation only in experimental group weight and HB level was increased. It was observed that prevalence of risk factors associated with anemia was higher in rural pregnant women. Poverty, illiteracy, faulty food habits, and poor intake of iron during pregnancy are the main causative factors for iron deficiency anemia in rural pregnant women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency" title="iron deficiency">iron deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anemia" title=" anemia"> anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy "> pregnancy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22280/prevalence-of-iron-deficiency-anaemia-and-its-impact-on-nutritional-status-of-rural-pregnant-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">400</span> Adaptive Strategies of Maize in Leaf Traits to N Deficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panpan%20Fan">Panpan Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Ming"> Bo Ming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niels%20Anten"> Niels Anten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jochem%20Evers"> Jochem Evers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaoyao%20Li"> Yaoyao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaokun%20Li"> Shaokun Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruizhi%20xie"> Ruizhi xie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nitrogen (N) utilization for crop production under N deficiency conditions is subject to a trade-off between maintaining specific leaf N content (SLN), important for radiation-use efficiency (RUE), versus maintaining leaf area (LA) development, important for light capture. This paper aims to explore how maize deals with this trade-off through responses in SLN, LA and their underlying traits during the vegetative and reproductive growth stages. In a ten-year N fertilization trial in Jilin province, Northeast China, three N fertilizer levels have been maintained: N-deficiency (N0), low N supply (N1), and high N supply (N2). We analyzed data from years 8 and 10 of this experiment for two common hybrids. Under N deficiency, maize plants maintained LA and decreased SLN during vegetative stages, while both LA and SLN decreased comparably during reproductive stages. Canopy-average specific leaf area (SLA) decreased sharply during vegetative stages and slightly during reproductive stages, mainly because senesced leaves in the lower canopy had a higher SLA. In the vegetative stage, maize maintained leaf area at low N by maintaining leaf biomass (albeit hence having N content/mass) and slightly increasing SLA. These responses to N deficiency were stronger in maize hybrid XY335 than in ZD958. We conclude the main strategy of maize to cope with low N is to maintain plant growth, mainly by increasing SLA throughout the plant during early growth. N was too limiting for either strategy to be followed during later growth stages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20N%20content%20per%20unit%20leaf%20area" title="leaf N content per unit leaf area">leaf N content per unit leaf area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%20deficiency" title=" N deficiency"> N deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20leaf%20area" title=" specific leaf area"> specific leaf area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize%20strateg" title=" maize strateg"> maize strateg</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153846/adaptive-strategies-of-maize-in-leaf-traits-to-n-deficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">399</span> A Phylogenetic Analysis and Effect of NO₃ Regime on the Level of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Thalassiosira weissflogii Isolated from Caspian Sea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Etesami">Ehsan Etesami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Noroozi"> Mostafa Noroozi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thalassiosira weissflogii with proper size and nutrition value specially PUFA n-3 has been widely used in bivalve shellfish larviculture and shrimp industries. This diatom was isolated from Caspian Sea and identified with morphology and molecular characters. T. weissflogii was cultivated in normal and nitrogen deficiency F2 medium during 18 to 30 days, in addition, the growth indices, total lipid, and EPA-DHA content were elucidated. The growth indices of the cells decreased during the stress experiments while the total lipid levels increased during prolonged culturing (30 days). The maximum level of C20:5 was calculated as 8.8 (%TFA) in normal condition during 30 days; however, the combination of N- deficiency condition with prolonged culturing led to the increase of the level of C22:6 from 3.5 to 12.63 (%TFA). The concept of N-deficiency along with prolonged culturing of Thalassiosira weissflogii can improve PUFA n-3 content in order to use in shellfish and shrimp industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DHA" title="DHA">DHA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thalassiosira%20weissflogii" title=" Thalassiosira weissflogii"> Thalassiosira weissflogii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20deficiency" title=" nitrogen deficiency"> nitrogen deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPA" title=" EPA"> EPA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20acids" title=" fatty acids"> fatty acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquafeed" title=" aquafeed"> aquafeed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96632/a-phylogenetic-analysis-and-effect-of-no3-regime-on-the-level-of-n-3-polyunsaturated-fatty-acids-in-thalassiosira-weissflogii-isolated-from-caspian-sea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">398</span> Characterization and Selection of Phosphorus Deficiency Tolerant Genotypes in Nigeria Based on Morpho-Physiologic Traits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umego%20Chukwudi%20T.">Umego Chukwudi T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ntui%20Valentine%20O."> Ntui Valentine O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uyoh%20Edak%20A."> Uyoh Edak A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorus (P) deficiency has been identified as a major hindrance to rice production the world over. Eleven (11) rice genotypes predominantly used by local farmers in Nigeria were studied for their responses to P deficient conditions. The characterization was based on morpho-physiologic parameters. The genotypes were screened using a hydroponic system in a modified Hoagland’s solution. Morphological and physiologic parameters, including Plant height (PH), number of tillers per plant, shoot dry weight (SDW), shoot phosphate concentration (SPC), and chlorophyll content, were recorded after exposure to three levels of phosphate concentration (0µM, 400 µM, and 800 µM). The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the means were separated using least significance difference tests. The results obtained showed that P starvation caused a significant (p≤0.05) reduction in PH, SDW, and tillering and also triggered a significant (p≤0.05) increase in root length among the genotypes. The Pearsons correlation coefficient was used to estimate the relationships among studied parameters, and a significant negative correlation was observed between plant height and root length. FARO63 was identified as a highly tolerant genotype to P deficiency with a low (0.24) SPC and higher (4.81) phosphate utilization efficiency (PUE). This study has identified FARO63 as a true tolerant genotype to Phosphate deficiency, which will be useful in breeding for phosphate deficiency tolerance in rice and thus combating food insecurity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20deficiency" title="phosphate deficiency">phosphate deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20genotypes" title=" rice genotypes"> rice genotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroponic%20system" title=" hydroponic system"> hydroponic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157910/characterization-and-selection-of-phosphorus-deficiency-tolerant-genotypes-in-nigeria-based-on-morpho-physiologic-traits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">397</span> Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anaemia/Anaemia as a Diagnostic Indicator for Coeliac Disease: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Shams">Sahar Shams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coeliac disease (CD) is a widely reported disease particularly in countries with predominant Caucasian populations. It presents with many signs and symptoms including iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anaemia/anaemia (IDA/A). The exact association between ID, IDA/A and CD and how accurate these signs are in diagnosing CD is not fully known. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the accuracy of both ID & IDA/A as a diagnostic indicator for CD and whether it warrants point of care testing. A systematic review was performed looking at studies published in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess risk of bias in each study. ROC curve and forest plots were generated as part of the meta-analysis after data extraction. 16 studies were identified in total, 13 of which were IDA/A studies and 3 ID studies. The prevalence of CD regardless of diagnostic indicator was assumed as 1%. The QUADAS-2 tool indicated most of studies as having high risk of bias. The PPV for CD was higher in those with ID than for those with IDA/A. Meta-analysis showed the overall odds of having CD is 5 times higher in individuals with ID & IDA/A. The ROC curve showed that there is definitely an association between both diagnostic indicators and CD, the association is not a particularly strong one due to great heterogeneity between studies. Whilst an association between IDA/A & ID and coeliac disease was evident, the results were not deemed significant enough to prompt coeliac disease testing in those with IDA/A & ID. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anemia" title="anemia">anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency%20anemia" title=" iron deficiency anemia"> iron deficiency anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coeliac%20disease" title=" coeliac disease"> coeliac disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point%20of%20care%20testing" title=" point of care testing"> point of care testing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157235/iron-deficiency-and-iron-deficiency-anaemiaanaemia-as-a-diagnostic-indicator-for-coeliac-disease-a-systematic-review-with-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">396</span> The Antioxidant Effect of Vitamin C against Oxidative Stress Generate by Dietary Zn-Deficiency in Diabetic Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zine%20Kechrid">Zine Kechrid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress induced by dietary Zn-deficiency in albino diabetic rats. Thirty two males alloxan-diabetic rats divided into two groups of 16 individuals each; the first group was fed a zinc adequate diet (54 mg zinc/kg). The second group had given low zinc diet (1 mg zinc/kg). Then, half of each group was treated with vitamin C (1 g/l) in drinking water. After four weeks, animals were sacrificed and different parameters were determined. The findings showed that dietary deficiency zinc intake significantly increased serum glucose. Zn-deficiency was also led to an increase in oxidative stress, which was indicated by an increase of MDA level and glutathione-S-transferase activity. Meanwhile it was result in a decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH) content, glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px and catalase activities in liver. However, the administration of vitamin C restored all the previous parameters approximately to their normal values. In conclusion, vitamin C probably played a key role strong as antioxidant factor against oxidative stress provoked by dietary zinc inadequate. Therefore, it might be contributed in reduction diabetes complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20C" title="vitamin C">vitamin C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc" title=" zinc"> zinc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20diabetes" title=" experimental diabetes"> experimental diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats "> rats </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7136/the-antioxidant-effect-of-vitamin-c-against-oxidative-stress-generate-by-dietary-zn-deficiency-in-diabetic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">395</span> A Systematic Review on Dietary Interventions for Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) in Under-Five Children in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justina%20Ijeoma%20Ezebuwa">Justina Ijeoma Ezebuwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20C.%20Ikewuchi"> Catherine C. Ikewuchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eka%20B.%20Essien"> Eka B. Essien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20C.%20Anacletus"> Francis C. Anacletus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant problem in Nigeria, especially in children under five. Intervention options for treating anemia in under-five children have also been the subject of research. This study aims to synthesize the evidence on dietary interventions for managing iron deficiency anemia in under-five children in Nigeria. This study uses a systematic review method to collect relevant studies to answer the research questions and a narrative synthesis to analyze and synthesize the findings of this study. Cochrane, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases were thoroughly searched, and five (5) articles were selected for this study. The results show that dietary interventions, such as daily multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drinks, biofortified (yellow/ white) cassava rich in pro-vitamin A, iron supplementation in foods, and ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) may be relevant to the management of iron deficiency anemia in under-five children in Nigeria. The study also shows that daily multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drinks may be more effective, feasible, and culturally acceptable for managing anemia in under-5 children in Nigeria. In addition, daily multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drinks and ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) were reported to have the potential to improve the growth, cognitive development, and overall health outcomes of under-five children with iron deficiency anemia in Nigeria. Recommendations for future studies in this research area and for public health practitioners and policymakers were provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20intervention" title="dietary intervention">dietary intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20deficiency%20anemia" title=" iron deficiency anemia"> iron deficiency anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=under-five%20children" title=" under-five children"> under-five children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172403/a-systematic-review-on-dietary-interventions-for-iron-deficiency-anemia-ida-in-under-five-children-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">394</span> How Does Vicia faba-rhizobia Symbiosis Improve Its Performance under Low Phosphorus Availability?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Makoudi">B. Makoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ghanimi"> R. Ghanimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mouradi"> M. Mouradi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kabbadj"> A. Kabbadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Farissi"> M. Farissi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20J.%20Drevon"> J. J. Drevon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20%20Ghoulam"> C. Ghoulam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work focuses on the responses of Vicia fabarhizobia symbiosis to phosphorus deficiency and their contribution to tolerate this constraint. The study was carried out on four faba bean varieties, Aguadulce, Alfia, Luz Otono, and Reina Mora submitted to two phosphorus treatments, deficient and sufficient and cultivated under field and greenhouse hydroaeroponic culture. Plants were harvested at flowering stage for growth, nodulation and phosphorus content assessment. Phosphatases in nodules and rhizospheric soil were analyzed. The impact of phosphorus deficiency on yield component was assessed at maturity stage. Under field conditions, phosphorus deficiency affected negatively nodule biomass and nodule phosphorus content with Alfia and Reina Mora showing the highest biomass reduction. The phosphatase activities in nodules and rhizospheric soil were increased under phosphorus deficiency. At maturity stage, under soil low available phosphorus, the pods number and 100 seeds weight were reduced. The genotypic variation was evident for almost all tested parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=faba%20bean" title="faba bean">faba bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizobia" title=" rhizobia"> rhizobia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16301/how-does-vicia-faba-rhizobia-symbiosis-improve-its-performance-under-low-phosphorus-availability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">393</span> Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in Postmenopausal Women with Obesity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladyslav%20Povoroznyuk">Vladyslav Povoroznyuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Musiienko"> Anna Musiienko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nataliia%20Dzerovych"> Nataliia Dzerovych</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roksolana%20Povoroznyuk"> Roksolana Povoroznyuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oksana%20Ivanyk"> Oksana Ivanyk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Deficiency and insufficiency of Vitamin D is a pandemic of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. Obesity patients have a lower level of vitamin D, but the literature data are contradictory. The purpose of this study is to investigate deficiency and insufficiency vitamin D in postmenopausal women with obesity. We examined 1007 women aged 50-89 years. Mean age was 65.74±8.61 years; mean height was 1.61±0.07 m; mean weight was 70.65±13.50 kg; mean body mass index was 27.27±4.86 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, and mean 25(OH) D levels in serum was 26.00±12.00 nmol/l. The women were divided into the following six groups depending on body mass index: I group – 338 women with normal body weight, II group – 16 women with insufficient body weight, III group – 382 women with excessive body weight, IV group – 199 women with obesity of class I, V group – 60 women with obesity of class II, and VI group – 12 women with obesity of class III. Level of 25(OH)D in serum was measured by means of an electrochemiluminescent method - Elecsys 2010 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Germany) and cobas test-systems. 34.4% of the examined women have deficiency of vitamin D and 31.4% insufficiency. Women with obesity of class I (23.60±10.24 ng/ml) and obese of class II (22.38±10.34 ng/ml) had significantly lower levels of 25 (OH) D compared to women with normal body weight (28.24±12.99 ng/ml), p=0.00003. In women with obesity, BMI significantly influences vitamin D level, and this influence does not depend on the season. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title="obesity">obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass%20index" title=" body mass index"> body mass index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D%20deficiency" title=" vitamin D deficiency"> vitamin D deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D%20insufficiency" title=" vitamin D insufficiency"> vitamin D insufficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postmenopausal%20women" title=" postmenopausal women"> postmenopausal women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age" title=" age"> age</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89669/vitamin-d-deficiency-and-insufficiency-in-postmenopausal-women-with-obesity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">392</span> The Aminoguanidine Reduced NO Synthase Activity and Infiltration of Macrophages in Inflammation Induced by LPS in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakim%20Chayeb">Hakim Chayeb </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Macrophages (Mo) play an essential role in host defense against pathogens. These inflammatory cells contain a large group of inducible enzymes such as NO synthase (NOS). This study was conducted to characterize experimentally induced inflammation in vivo by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS is an essential component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and a potent inducer of macrophage. Except control rats, all rats received different doses of LPS intra-peritoneally. The involvement of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and constitutive (cNOS ) in the modulation of the inflammatory response was studied by treating the rats with L-NAME (non-selective NOS inhibitor) or aminoguanidine (AG inhibitor of iNOS). Inhibitors were injected 24 hours before LPS administration. The results showed that esterase activity (a marker of macrophage infiltration) which is induced by LPS is reduced by AG, was potentiated by treatment with L-NAME in tissue homogenates of the liver, kidney and spleen. Meanwhile, the concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) induced by LPS were reduced with AG and are completely inhibited with L-NAME in the tissues studied. NO concentrations and plasma transaminase levels have undergone remarkable increases in rats treated with LPS alone. However, the AG significantly reduced these rates. Our results highlighted the role of NO synthase inhibitors in reducing of inflammatory responses that characterize many infectious diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aminoguanidine" title="aminoguanidine">aminoguanidine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esterase" title=" esterase"> esterase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPS" title=" LPS"> LPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-NAME" title=" L-NAME"> L-NAME</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophage" title=" macrophage"> macrophage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitric%20oxide" title=" nitric oxide "> nitric oxide </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2836/the-aminoguanidine-reduced-no-synthase-activity-and-infiltration-of-macrophages-in-inflammation-induced-by-lps-in-rats" 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