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Dušková</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Michaela Dušková"> <meta name="keywords" content="Michaela Dušková"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Michaela Dušková"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 19</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Michaela Dušková</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> The Role of Androgens in Prediction of Success in Smoking Cessation in Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Du%C5%A1kov%C3%A1">Michaela Dušková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%C5%99ina%20%C5%A0im%C5%AFnkov%C3%A1"> Kateřina Šimůnková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Hill"> Martin Hill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hana%20Hru%C5%A1kovi%C4%8Dov%C3%A1"> Hana Hruškovičová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hana%20Posp%C3%AD%C5%A1ilov%C3%A1"> Hana Pospíšilová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eva%20Kr%C3%A1l%C3%ADkov%C3%A1"> Eva Králíková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luboslav%20St%C3%A1rka"> Luboslav Stárka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smoking represents the most widespread substance dependence in the world. Several studies show the nicotine's ability to alter women hormonal homeostasis. Women smokers have higher testosterone and lower estradiol levels throughout life compared to non-smoker women. We monitored the effect of smoking discontinuation on steroid spectrum with 40 premenopausal and 60 postmenopausal women smokers. These women had been examined before they discontinued smoking and also after 6, 12, 24, and 48 weeks of abstinence. At each examination, blood was collected to determine steroid spectrum (measured by GC-MS), LH, FSH, and SHBG (measured by IRMA). Repeated measures ANOVA model was used for evaluation of the data. The study has been approved by the local Ethics Committee. Given the small number of premenopausal women who endured not to smoke, only the first 6 week period data could be analyzed. A slight increase in androgens after the smoking discontinuation occurred. In postmenopausal women, an increase in testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and other androgens occurred, too. Nicotine replacement therapy, weight changes, and age does not play any role in the androgen level increase. The higher androgens levels correlated with failure in smoking cessation. Women smokers have higher androgen levels, which might play a role in smoking dependence development. Women successful in smoking cessation, compared to the non-successful ones, have lower androgen levels initially and also after smoking discontinuation. The question is what androgen levels women have before they start smoking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addiction" title="addiction">addiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoking" title=" smoking"> smoking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cessation" title=" cessation"> cessation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=androgens" title=" androgens"> androgens</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2235/the-role-of-androgens-in-prediction-of-success-in-smoking-cessation-in-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Protection of the Object of the Critical Infrastructure in the Czech Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Va%C5%A1kov%C3%A1">Michaela Vašková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the increasing dependence of countries on the critical infrastructure, it increases their vulnerability. Big threat is primarily in the human factor (personnel of the critical infrastructure) and in terrorist attacks. It emphasizes the development of methodology for searching of weak points and their subsequent elimination. This article discusses methods for the analysis of safety in the objects of critical infrastructure. It also contains proposal for methodology for training employees of security services in the objects of the critical infrastructure and developing scenarios of attacks on selected objects of the critical infrastructure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20infrastructure" title="critical infrastructure">critical infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20of%20critical%20infrastructure" title=" object of critical infrastructure"> object of critical infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20audit" title=" security audit"> security audit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39230/protection-of-the-object-of-the-critical-infrastructure-in-the-czech-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> The Application of the Security Audit Method on the Selected Objects of Critical Infrastructure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Va%C5%A1kov%C3%A1">Michaela Vašková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper is focused on the application of the security audit method on the selected objects of the critical infrastructure. The emphasis is put on security audit method to find gaps in the critical infrastructure security. The theoretical part describes objects of the critical infrastructure. The practical part describes using the security audit method. The main emphasis was put on the protection of the critical infrastructure in the Czech Republic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis%20management" title="crisis management">crisis management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20infrastructure" title=" critical infrastructure"> critical infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20of%20critical%20infrastructure" title=" object of critical infrastructure"> object of critical infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20audit" title=" security audit"> security audit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraordinary%20event" title=" extraordinary event"> extraordinary event</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38760/the-application-of-the-security-audit-method-on-the-selected-objects-of-critical-infrastructure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Civil Protection in Mass Methanol Poisoning in the Czech Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Va%C5%A1kov%C3%A1">Michaela Vašková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Barta"> Jiří Barta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Otakar%20J.%20Mika"> Otakar J. Mika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Hrdli%C4%8Dka"> Jan Hrdlička</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josef%20Kellner"> Josef Kellner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper is focused on the method to solutions the crisis situation in the Czech Republic associated with the mass methanol poisoning. The emphasis is put on tasks of individual state bodies and of Integrated Rescue System during the handling of the crisis. The theoretical part describes poisonings, ways of intoxication, types of intoxicants and cases of mass poisoning by dangerous substances in the world. The practical part describes the development, causes and solutions of extraordinary event, mass methanol poisoning in the Czech Republic. The main emphasis was put on the crisis management of the Czech Republic in solving this situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis%20management" title="crisis management">crisis management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poisoning" title=" poisoning"> poisoning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol" title=" methanol"> methanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazardous%20substances" title=" hazardous substances"> hazardous substances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraordinary%20event" title=" extraordinary event"> extraordinary event</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16928/civil-protection-in-mass-methanol-poisoning-in-the-czech-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> The Role of Emotion in Attention Allocation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Porubanova">Michaela Porubanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this exploratory study to examine the effects of emotional significance on change detection using the flicker paradigm, three different categories of scenes were randomly presented (neutral, positive and negative) in three different blocks. We hypothesized that because of the different effects on attention, performance in change detection tasks differs for scenes with different effective values. We found the greatest accuracy of change detection was for changes occurring in positive and negative scenes (compared with neutral scenes). Secondly and most importantly, changes in negative scenes (and also positive scenes, though not with statistical significance) were detected faster than changes in neutral scenes. Interestingly, women were less accurate than men in detecting changes in emotionally significant scenes (both negative and positive), i.e., women detected fewer changes in emotional scenes in the time limit of 40s. But on the other hand, women were quicker to detect changes in positive and negative images than men. The study makes important contributions to the area of the role of emotions on information processing. The role of emotion in attention will be discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title="attention">attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion" title=" emotion"> emotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flicker%20task" title=" flicker task"> flicker task</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IAPS" title=" IAPS"> IAPS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10319/the-role-of-emotion-in-attention-allocation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Pressure Losses on Realistic Geometry of Tracheobronchial Tree</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Chovancova">Michaela Chovancova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Elcner"> Jakub Elcner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Real bronchial tree is very complicated piping system. Analysis of flow and pressure losses in this system is very difficult. Due to the complex geometry and the very small size in the lower generations is examination by CFD possible only in the central part of bronchial tree. For specify the pressure losses of lower generations is necessary to provide a mathematical equation. Determination of mathematical formulas for calculating the pressure losses in the real lungs is due to its complexity and diversity lengthy and inefficient process. For these calculations is necessary the lungs to slightly simplify (same cross-section over the length of individual generation) or use one of the models of lungs. The simplification could cause deviations from real values. The article compares the values of pressure losses obtained from CFD simulation of air flow in the central part of the real bronchial tree with the values calculated in a slightly simplified real lungs by using a mathematical relationship derived from the Bernoulli equation and continuity equation. Then, evaluate the desirability of using this formula to determine the pressure loss across the bronchial tree. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20gradient" title="pressure gradient">pressure gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=airways%20resistance" title=" airways resistance"> airways resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20geometry%20of%20bronchial%20tree" title=" real geometry of bronchial tree"> real geometry of bronchial tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breathing" title=" breathing"> breathing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27498/pressure-losses-on-realistic-geometry-of-tracheobronchial-tree" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Observational Learning in Ecotourism: An Investigation into Ecotourists' Environmentally Responsible Behavioral Intentions in South Korea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20Morse">Benjamin Morse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Zint"> Michaela Zint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Carman"> Jennifer Carman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study proposes a behavioral model in which ecotourists’ level of observational learning shapes their subsequent environmentally responsible behavioral intentions through ecotourism participation. Unlike past studies that have focused on individual attributes such as attitudes, locus of control, personal responsibility, knowledge, skills or effect, this present study explores select social attributes as potential antecedents to environmentally responsible behaviors. A total of 207 completed questionnaires were obtained from ecotourists in Korea and path analyses were conducted to explore the degree in which the hypothesized model directly and indirectly explained ecotourists’ environmentally responsible behavioral intentions. Results suggest that observational learning and its associated predictors (i.e., engagement, observation, reproduction and reinforcement) are key determinants of ecotourists environmentally responsible behavioral intentions. The application of observational learning proved to be informative, and has a number of implications for improving ecotourism programs. Our model also lays out a theoretical framework for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title="ecotourism">ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observational%20learning" title=" observational learning"> observational learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmentally%20responsible%20behavior" title=" environmentally responsible behavior"> environmentally responsible behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20learning%20theory" title=" social learning theory"> social learning theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61353/observational-learning-in-ecotourism-an-investigation-into-ecotourists-environmentally-responsible-behavioral-intentions-in-south-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> The Pressure Losses in the Model of Human Lungs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Chovancova">Michaela Chovancova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20Niedoba"> Pavel Niedoba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the treatment of acute and chronic lung diseases it is preferred to deliver medicaments by inhalation. The drug is delivered directly to tracheobronchial tree. This way allows the given medicament to get directly into the place of action and it makes rapid onset of action and maximum efficiency. The transport of aerosol particles in the particular part of the lung is influenced by their size, anatomy of the lungs, breathing pattern and airway resistance. This article deals with calculation of airway resistance in the lung model of Horsfield. It solves the problem of determination of the pressure losses in bifurcation and thus defines the pressure drop at a given location in the bronchial tree. The obtained data will be used as boundary conditions for transport of aerosol particles in a central part of bronchial tree realized by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. The results obtained from CFD simulation will allow us to provide information on the required particle size and optimal inhalation technique for particle transport into particular part of the lung. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20lungs" title="human lungs">human lungs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bronchial%20tree" title=" bronchial tree"> bronchial tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20losses" title=" pressure losses"> pressure losses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=airways%20resistance" title=" airways resistance"> airways resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow" title=" flow"> flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breathing" title=" breathing "> breathing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19141/the-pressure-losses-in-the-model-of-human-lungs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Blind Watermarking Using Discrete Wavelet Transform Algorithm with Patchwork</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toni%20Maristela%20C.%20Estabillo">Toni Maristela C. Estabillo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20V.%20Matienzo"> Michaela V. Matienzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikaela%20L.%20Sabangan"> Mikaela L. Sabangan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosette%20M.%20Tienzo"> Rosette M. Tienzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justine%20L.%20Bahinting"> Justine L. Bahinting</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is about blind watermarking on images with different categories and properties using two algorithms namely, Discrete Wavelet Transform and Patchwork Algorithm. A program is created to perform watermark embedding, extraction and evaluation. The evaluation is based on three watermarking criteria namely: image quality degradation, perceptual transparency and security. Image quality is measured by comparing the original properties with the processed one. Perceptual transparency is measured by a visual inspection on a survey. Security is measured by implementing geometrical and non-geometrical attacks through a pass or fail testing. Values used to measure the following criteria are mostly based on Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). The results are based on statistical methods used to interpret and collect data such as averaging, z Test and survey. The study concluded that the combined DWT and Patchwork algorithms were less efficient and less capable of watermarking than DWT algorithm only. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20watermarking" title="blind watermarking">blind watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20wavelet%20transform%20algorithm" title=" discrete wavelet transform algorithm"> discrete wavelet transform algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patchwork%20algorithm" title=" patchwork algorithm"> patchwork algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20watermark" title=" digital watermark"> digital watermark</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49404/blind-watermarking-using-discrete-wavelet-transform-algorithm-with-patchwork" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> The Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors during Pregnancy and Relation to Steroid Hormones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Kolatorova">L. Kolatorova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Vitku"> J. Vitku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Adamcova"> K. Adamcova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Simkova"> M. Simkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hill"> M. Hill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Parizek"> A. Parizek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Duskova"> M. Duskova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are substances leaching from various industrial products, which are able to interfere with the endocrine system. Their harmful effects on human health are generally well-known, and exposure during fetal development may have lasting effects. Fetal exposure and transplacental transport of bisphenol A (BPA) have been recently studied; however, less is known about alternatives such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), which have started to appear in consumer products. The human organism is usually exposed to the mixture of EDs, out of which parabens are otherwise known to transfer placenta. The usage of many cosmetic, pharmaceutical and consumer products during the pregnancy that may contain parabens and bisphenols has led to the need for investigation. The aim of the study was to investigate the transplacental transport of BPA, its alternatives, and parabens, and to study their relation to fetal steroidogenesis. BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben and 15 steroids including estrogens, corticoids, androgens and immunomodulatory ones were determined in 27 maternal (37th week of gestation) and cord plasma samples using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry methods. The statistical evaluation of the results showed significantly higher levels of BPA (p=0.0455) in cord plasma compared to maternal plasma. The results from multiple regression models investigated that in cord plasma, methylparaben, propylparaben and the sum of all measured parabens were inversely associated with testosterone levels. To our best knowledge, this study is the first attempt to determine the levels of alternative bisphenols in the maternal and cord blood, and also the first study reporting the simultaneous detection of bisphenols, parabens, and steroids in these biological fluids. Our study confirmed the transplacental transport of BPA, with likely accumulation in the fetal compartment. The negative association of cord blood parabens and testosterone levels highlights their possible risks, especially for the development of male fetuses. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the project MH CR 17-30528 A from the Czech Health Research Council, MH CZ - DRO (Institute of Endocrinology - EÚ, 00023761) and by the MEYS CR (OP RDE, Excellent research - ENDO.CZ). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bisphenol" title="bisphenol">bisphenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endocrine%20disruptor" title=" endocrine disruptor"> endocrine disruptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraben" title=" paraben"> paraben</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steroid" title=" steroid"> steroid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83878/the-exposure-to-endocrine-disruptors-during-pregnancy-and-relation-to-steroid-hormones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> The Levels of Neurosteroid 7β-Hydroxy-Epiandrosterone in Men and Pregnant Women </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Vitku">J. Vitku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Kolatorova"> L. Kolatorova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Chlupacova"> T. Chlupacova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Heracek"> J. Heracek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hill"> M. Hill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Duskova"> M. Duskova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Starka"> L. Starka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: 7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone (7β–OH-EpiA) is an endogenous steroid, that has been shown to exert neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro as well as in animal models. However, to the best of our knowledge no information is available about concentration of this androgen metabolite in human population. The aim of the study was to measure and compare levels of 7β–OH-EpiA in men and pregnant women in different biological fluids and evaluate the relationship between 7β–OH-EpiA in men and their sperm quality. Methods: First, a sensitive isotope dilution high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for measurement of 7β–OH-EpiA in different biological fluids was developed. Validation of the method met the requirements of FDA guidelines. Afterwards 7β–OH-EpiA in plasma and seminal plasma of 191 men with different degree of infertility (healthy men, lightly infertile men, moderately infertile men, severely infertile men) was analysed. Furthermore, the levels of 7β–OH-EpiA in plasma of 34 pregnant women in 37th week of gestation and corresponding cord plasma that reflects steroid levels in the fetus were measured. Results: Concentrations of 7β–OH-EpiA in seminal plasma were significantly higher in severely infertile men in comparison with healthy men and lightly infertile men. The same trend was observed when blood plasma was evaluated. Furthermore, plasmatic 7β –OH-EpiA negatively correlated with concentration (-0.215; p < 0.01) and total count (-0.15; p < 0.05). Seminal 7β–OH-EpiA was negatively associated with motility (-0.26; p < 0.01), progressively motile sperms (-0.233; p < 0.01) and nonprogressively motile sperms (-0.188; p < 0.05). Plasmatic 7β –OH-EpiA levels in men were generally higher in comparison with pregnant women. Levels 7β–OH-EpiA were under the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) in majority of samples of pregnant women and cord plasma. Only 4 plasma samples of pregnant women and 7 cord blood plasma samples were above LLOQ and where in range of units of pg/ml. Conclusion: Based on available information, this is the first study measuring 7β–OH-EpiA in human samples. 7β–OH-EpiA is associated with lower sperm quality and certainly it is worth to explore its role in this field thoroughly. Interestingly, levels of 7β–OH-EpiA in pregnant women were extremely low despite the fact that steroid levels including androgens are generally higher during pregnancy. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the project MH CR 17-30528 A from the Czech Health Research Council, MH CZ - DRO (Institute of Endocrinology - EU, 00023761) and by the MEYS CR (OP RDE, Excellent research - ENDO.CZ). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=7%CE%B2-hydroxy-epiandrosterone" title="7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone">7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steroid" title=" steroid"> steroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sperm%20quality" title=" sperm quality"> sperm quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83884/the-levels-of-neurosteroid-7v-hydroxy-epiandrosterone-in-men-and-pregnant-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> A Tribe, a County, and a Casino: Socioeconomic Disparities between the Mohegan Tribe and New London County through Two Decades</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Wang">Michaela Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since British established colonial settlements across the East Coast, Native Americans have suffered stark socio economic disparities in comparison to their neighboring communities. This paper employs the 1990, 2000, and 2010 United States Decennial Census to assess whether and to what extent the casino economy helped to close this socioeconomic gap between the Mohegan tribe and its surrounding community. These three Decennial Censuses cover two decades, from six years prior to the erection of Mohegan Sun casino to 14 years afterwards, including the Great Recession 2007-2009. Income, employment, education and housing parameters are selected as socio economic indicators. The profitable advent of the Mohegan Sun in 1996 dramatically improved the socio economic status of the Mohegan Tribe between 1990 and 2000. In fact, for most of these indicators––poverty, median household income, employment, home ownership, and car ownership––disparities shifted; tribal socioeconomic parameters improved from well below the level of New London County in 1990, to the same level or above the county rates in 2000. However, economic downturn in 2007-2009 Great Recession impacted Mohegan people remarkably. By 2010, disparities for household income, employment, home ownership, and car ownership returned. The casino bridged socio economic inequalities, but at the face of economic crises, the mono-product economy grew vulnerable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio%20economic" title="socio economic">socio economic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous" title=" indigenous"> indigenous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=native%20American" title=" native American"> native American</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disparity" title=" disparity"> disparity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130393/a-tribe-a-county-and-a-casino-socioeconomic-disparities-between-the-mohegan-tribe-and-new-london-county-through-two-decades" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Measuring Quality of Participation Processes: A Literature Review and Case Study to Determine Criteria for the Influence of Digital Tools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Kaineder">Michaela Kaineder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beate%20Bartlmae"> Beate Bartlmae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20%20Gaebler"> Stefan Gaebler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miriam%20%20Gutleder"> Miriam Gutleder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marlene%20%20Wuerfl"> Marlene Wuerfl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Digital tools and e-participation processes have seen a steady increase in popularity in recent years. While online trends come with the premise of new opportunities and easier participatory possibilities, there are still manifold challenges that smart city initiators and developers need to face. In this paper, innovative quality criteria of citizen participation processes was suggested by defining meaningful and measurable evaluation categories. Considering various developments, including the global megatrend of connectivity, a need for a fundamental examination of the basic structure of citizen participation processes was identified. To this end, the application of methods and tools through different points in the policy cycle is required. In order to provide an overview of the current challenges and problems in the field of participation, this paper analyzes those issues by carrying out a literature review that also focuses on disparities in the civic sector that might hinder residents in their desire for engagement. Additionally, a case study was chosen to demonstrate the potential that e-participation tools offer to planning experts and public authorities when integrating citizen’s creativity and experience at a large scale. This online co-creation process finally leads to offline events – such as local co-design workshops - with professional planners. The findings of this paper subsequently suggest a combination of e-participation and analogue forms to merge the benefits of both worlds, resulting in a broader audience and higher quality for participation processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizen%20participation" title="citizen participation">citizen participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disparities" title=" disparities"> disparities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-participation" title=" e-participation"> e-participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20urban%20development" title=" integrated urban development"> integrated urban development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development%20goals" title=" sustainable development goals"> sustainable development goals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20development" title=" sustainable urban development"> sustainable urban development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134301/measuring-quality-of-participation-processes-a-literature-review-and-case-study-to-determine-criteria-for-the-influence-of-digital-tools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Changes in Serum Hepcidin Levels in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease during Anti-Inflammatory Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eva%20Karaskova">Eva Karaskova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%20Volejnikova"> Jana Volejnikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dusan%20Holub"> Dusan Holub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Velganova-Veghova"> Maria Velganova-Veghova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Spenerova"> Michaela Spenerova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dagmar%20Pospisilova"> Dagmar Pospisilova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hepcidin is the central regulator of iron metabolism. Its production is mainly affected by an iron deficiency and the presence of inflammatory activity in the body. The aim of this study was to compare serum hepcidin levels in paediatric patients with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease and hepcidin levels during maintenance therapy, correlate changes of serum hepcidin levels with selected markers of iron metabolism and inflammation and type of provided treatment. Methods: Children with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were included in this prospective study. Blood and stool samples were collected before treatment (baseline). Serum hepcidin, hemoglobin levels, platelet counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL 6), ferritin, iron, soluble transferrin receptors, and fecal calprotectin were assessed. The same parameters were measured and compared with the baseline levels in the follow-up period, during maintenance therapy (average of 39 months after diagnosis). Results: Patients with CD (n=30) had higher serum hepcidin levels (expressed as a median and interquartile range) at diagnosis than subjects with UC (n=13). These levels significantly decreased during the follow-up (from 36.5 (11.5-79.6) ng/ml to 2.1 (0.9-6.7) ng/ml). Contrarily, no significant serum hepcidin level changes were observed in UC (from 5.4 (3.4-16.6) ng/ml to 4.8 (0.9-8.1) ng/ml). While in children with CD hepcidin level dynamics correlated with disease activity and inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP), an only correlation with serum iron levels was observed in patients with UC. Conclusion: Children with CD had higher serum hepcidin levels at diagnosis compared to subjects with UC. Decrease of serum hepcidin in the CD group during anti-inflammatory therapy has been observed, whereas low hepcidin levels in children with UC have remained unchanged. Acknowledgment: This study was supported by grant MH CZ–DRO (FNOl, 00098892). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crohn%27s%20disease" title=" Crohn's disease"> Crohn's disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulcerative%20colitis" title=" ulcerative colitis"> ulcerative colitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaemia" title=" anaemia"> anaemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepcidin" title=" hepcidin"> hepcidin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110841/changes-in-serum-hepcidin-levels-in-children-with-inflammatory-bowel-disease-during-anti-inflammatory-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Tsunami Wave Height and Flow Velocity Calculations Based on Density Measurements of Boulders: Case Studies from Anegada and Pakarang Cape</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakiul%20Fuady">Zakiul Fuady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Spiske"> Michaela Spiske</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inundation events, such as storms and tsunamis can leave onshore sedimentary evidence like sand deposits or large boulders. These deposits store indirect information on the related inundation parameters (e.g., flow velocity, flow depth, wave height). One tool to reveal these parameters are inverse models that use the physical characteristics of the deposits to refer to the magnitude of inundation. This study used boulders of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami from Thailand (Pakarang Cape) and form a historical tsunami event that inundated the outer British Virgin Islands (Anegada). For the largest boulder found in Pakarang Cape with a volume of 26.48 m³ the required tsunami wave height is 0.44 m and storm wave height are 1.75 m (for a bulk density of 1.74 g/cm³. In Pakarang Cape the highest tsunami wave height is 0.45 m and storm wave height are 1.8 m for transporting a 20.07 m³ boulder. On Anegada, the largest boulder with a diameter of 2.7 m is the asingle coral head (species Diploria sp.) with a bulk density of 1.61 g/cm³, and requires a minimum tsunami wave height of 0.31 m and storm wave height of 1.25 m. The highest required tsunami wave height on Anegada is 2.12 m for a boulder with a bulk density of 2.46 g/cm³ (volume 0.0819 m³) and the highest storm wave height is 5.48 m (volume 0.216 m³) from the same bulk density and the coral type is limestone. Generally, the higher the bulk density, volume, and weight of the boulders, the higher the minimum tsunami and storm wave heights required to initiate transport. It requires 4.05 m/s flow velocity by Nott’s equation (2003) and 3.57 m/s by Nandasena et al. (2011) to transport the largest boulder in Pakarang Cape, whereas on Anegada, it requires 3.41 m/s to transport a boulder with diameter 2.7 m for both equations. Thus, boulder equations need to be handled with caution because they make many assumptions and simplifications. Second, the physical boulder parameters, such as density and volume need to be determined carefully to minimize any errors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tsunami%20wave%20height" title="tsunami wave height">tsunami wave height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storm%20wave%20height" title=" storm wave height"> storm wave height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20velocity" title=" flow velocity"> flow velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boulders" title=" boulders"> boulders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anegada" title=" Anegada"> Anegada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakarang%20Cape" title=" Pakarang Cape"> Pakarang Cape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91781/tsunami-wave-height-and-flow-velocity-calculations-based-on-density-measurements-of-boulders-case-studies-from-anegada-and-pakarang-cape" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91781.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Bioaccumulation and Forensic Relevance of Gunshot Residue in Forensically Relevant Blowflies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Storen">Michaela Storen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20Harvey"> Michelle Harvey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xavier%20Conlan"> Xavier Conlan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gun violence internationally is increasing at an unprecedented level, becoming a favoured means for executing violence against another individual. Not only is this putting a strain on forensic scientists who attempt to determine the cause of death in circumstances where firearms have been involved in the death of an individual, but it also highlights the need for an alternative technique of identification of a gunshot wound when other established techniques have been exhausted. A corpse may be colonized by necrophagous insects following death, and this close association between the time of death and insect colonization makes entomological samples valuable evidence when remains become decomposed beyond toxicological utility. Entomotoxicology provides the potential for the identification of toxins in a decomposing corpse, with recent research uncovering the capabilities of entomotoxicology to detect gunshot residue (GSR) in a corpse. However, shortcomings of the limited literature available on this topic have not been addressed, with the bioaccumulation, detection limits, and sensitivity to gunshots not considered thus far, leaving questions as to the applicability of this new technique in the forensic context. Larvae were placed on meat contaminated with GSR at different concentrations and compared to a control meat sample to establish the uptake of GSR by the larvae, with bioaccumulation established by placing the larvae on fresh, uncontaminated meat for a period of time before analysis using ICP-MS. The findings of Pb, Ba, and Sb at each stage of the lifecycle and bioaccumulation in the larvae will be presented. In addition, throughout these previously mentioned experiments, larvae were washed once, twice and three times to evaluate the effectiveness of existing entomological practices in removing external toxins from specimens prior to entomotoxicologyical analysis. Analysis of these larval washes will be presented. By addressing these points, this research extends the utility of entomotoxicology in cause-of-death investigations and provides an additional source of evidence for forensic scientists in the circumstances involving a gunshot wound on a corpse, in addition to advising the effectiveness of current entomology collection protocols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioaccumulation" title="bioaccumulation">bioaccumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemistry" title=" chemistry"> chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomology" title=" entomology"> entomology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gunshot%20residue" title=" gunshot residue"> gunshot residue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicology" title=" toxicology"> toxicology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170436/bioaccumulation-and-forensic-relevance-of-gunshot-residue-in-forensically-relevant-blowflies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Association of Mir-196a Expression in Esophageal Tissue with Barrett´s Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petra%20Borilova%20Linhartova">Petra Borilova Linhartova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Ruckova"> Michaela Ruckova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabina%20Sevcikova"> Sabina Sevcikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalie%20Mlcuchova"> Natalie Mlcuchova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Bohm"> Jan Bohm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20Zukalova"> Katerina Zukalova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Vlachova"> Monika Vlachova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiri%20Dolina"> Jiri Dolina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lumir%20Kunovsky"> Lumir Kunovsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radek%20Kroupa"> Radek Kroupa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdenek%20Pavlovsky"> Zdenek Pavlovsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdenek%20Danek"> Zdenek Danek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tereza%20Deissova"> Tereza Deissova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lydie%20Izakovicova%20Holla"> Lydie Izakovicova Holla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ondrej%20Slaby">Ondrej Slaby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdenek%20Kala"> Zdenek Kala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy that frequently develops from Barrett's esophagus (BE), a premalignant pathologic change occurring in the lower end of the esophagus. Specific microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that function as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression, were repeatedly proved to play key roles in the pathogenesis of these diseases. This pilot study aimed to analyze four selected miRNAs in esophageal tissues from healthy controls (HC) and patients with reflux esophagitis (RE)/BE/EAC, as well as to compare expression at the site of Barrett's mucosa/adenocarcinoma and healthy esophageal tissue outside the area of the main pathology in patients with BE/EAC. In this pilot study, 22 individuals (3 HC, 8 RE, 5 BE, 6 EAC) were included and endoscopically examined. RNA was isolated from the fresh-frozen esophageal tissue (stored in the RNAlater™ Stabilization Solution −70°C) using the AllPrep DNA/RNA/miRNA Universal Kit. Subsequent RT-qPCR analysis was performed using selected TaqMan MicroRNA Assays for miR-21, miR-34a, miR-196a, miR-196b, and endogenous control (RNU44). While the expression of miR-21 in the esophageal tissue with the main pathology was decreased in BE and EAC patients in comparison to the group of HC and RE patients (p=0.01), the expression of miR-196a was increased in the BE and EAC patients (p<0.01). Correlations between those miRNAs expression in tissue and severity of diagnosis were observed (p<0.05). In addition, miR-196a was significantly more expressed at the site with the main pathology than in paired adjacent esophageal tissue in BE and EAC patients (p<0.01). In conclusion, our pilot results showed that miR-196a, which regulates the proliferation, invasion, and migration (and was previously associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and marked as a potential therapeutic target), could be a diagnostic tissue biomarker for BE and EAC as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA" title="microRNA">microRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barrett%C2%B4s%20esophagus" title=" barrett´s esophagus"> barrett´s esophagus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esophageal%20adenocarcinoma" title=" esophageal adenocarcinoma"> esophageal adenocarcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker" title=" biomarker"> biomarker</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149454/association-of-mir-196a-expression-in-esophageal-tissue-with-barretts-esophagus-and-esophageal-adenocarcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Time's Arrow and Entropy: Violations to the Second Law of Thermodynamics Disrupt Time Perception</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Clarke">Jason Clarke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michaela%20Porubanova"> Michaela Porubanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Mazzoli"> Angela Mazzoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulsah%20Kut"> Gulsah Kut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> What accounts for our perception that time inexorably passes in one direction, from the past to the future, the so-called arrow of time, given that the laws of physics permit motion in one temporal direction to also happen in the reverse temporal direction? Modern physics says that the reason for time’s unidirectional physical arrow is the relationship between time and entropy, the degree of disorder in the universe, which is evolving from low entropy (high order; thermal disequilibrium) toward high entropy (high disorder; thermal equilibrium), the second law of thermodynamics. Accordingly, our perception of the direction of time, from past to future, is believed to emanate as a result of the natural evolution of entropy from low to high, with low entropy defining our notion of ‘before’ and high entropy defining our notion of ‘after’. Here we explored this proposed relationship between entropy and the perception of time’s arrow. We predicted that if the brain has some mechanism for detecting entropy, whose output feeds into processes involved in constructing our perception of the direction of time, presentation of violations to the expectation that low entropy defines ‘before’ and high entropy defines ‘after’ would alert this mechanism, leading to measurable behavioral effects, namely a disruption in duration perception. To test this hypothesis, participants were shown briefly-presented (1000 ms or 500 ms) computer-generated visual dynamic events: novel 3D shapes that were seen either to evolve from whole figures into parts (low to high entropy condition) or were seen in the reverse direction: parts that coalesced into whole figures (high to low entropy condition). On each trial, participants were instructed to reproduce the duration of their visual experience of the stimulus by pressing and releasing the space bar. To ensure that attention was being deployed to the stimuli, a secondary task was to report the direction of the visual event (forward or reverse motion). Participants completed 60 trials. As predicted, we found that duration reproduction was significantly longer for the high to low entropy condition compared to the low to high entropy condition (p=.03). This preliminary data suggests the presence of a neural mechanism that detects entropy, which is used by other processes to construct our perception of the direction of time or time’s arrow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20perception" title="time perception">time perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20illusions" title=" temporal illusions"> temporal illusions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duration%20perception" title=" duration perception"> duration perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131449/times-arrow-and-entropy-violations-to-the-second-law-of-thermodynamics-disrupt-time-perception" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Walking across the Government of Egypt: A Single Country Comparative Study of the Past and Current Condition of the Government of Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homyr%20L.%20Garcia">Homyr L. Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jr."> Jr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20Margaret%20A.%20Rendon"> Anne Margaret A. Rendon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carla%20Michaela%20B.%20Taguinod"> Carla Michaela B. Taguinod</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nothing is constant in this world but change. This is the reality wherein a lot of people fail to recognize and maybe, it is because of the fact that some see things that are happening with little value or no value at all until it’s gone. For the past years, Egypt was known for its stable government. It was able to withstand a lot of problems and crisis which challenged their country in ways which can never be imagined. In the present time, it seems like in just a snap of a finger, the said stability vanished and it was immediately replaced by a crisis which resulted to a failure in some parts of their government. In addition, this problem continued to worsen and the current situation of Egypt is just a reflection or a result of it. On the other hand, as the researchers continued to study the reasons why the government of Egypt is unstable, they concluded that there might be a possibility that they will be able to produce ways in which their country could be helped or improved. The instability of the government of Egypt is the product of combining all the problems which affects the lives of the people. Some of the reasons that the researchers found are the following: 1) unending doubts of the people regarding the ruling capacity of elected presidents, 2) removal of President Mohamed Morsi in position, 3) economic crisis, 4) a lot of protests and revolution happened, 5) resignation of the long term President Hosni Mubarak and 6) the office of the President is most likely available only to the chosen successor. Also, according to previous researches, there are two plausible scenarios for the instability of Egypt: 1) a military intervention specifically the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces or SCAF, resulting from a contested succession and 2) an Islamist push for political power which highlights the claim that religion is a hindrance towards the development of their country and government. From the eight possible reasons, the researchers decided that they will be focusing on economic crisis since the instability is more clearly seen in the country’s economy which directly affects the people and the government itself. In addition, they made a hypothesis which states that stable economy is a prerequisite towards a stable government. If they will be able to show how this claim is true by using the Social Autopsy Research Design for the qualitative method and Pearson’s correlation coefficient for the quantitative method, the researchers might be able to produce a proposal on how Egypt can stabilize their government and avoid such problems. Also, the hypothesis will be based from the Rational Action Theory which is a theory for understanding and modeling social and economy as well as individual behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pearson%E2%80%99s%20correlation%20coefficient" title="Pearson’s correlation coefficient">Pearson’s correlation coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rational%20action%20theory" title=" rational action theory"> rational action theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20autopsy%20research%20design" title=" social autopsy research design"> social autopsy research design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supreme%20council%20of%20the%20armed%20forces%20%28SCAF%29" title=" supreme council of the armed forces (SCAF)"> supreme council of the armed forces (SCAF)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37884/walking-across-the-government-of-egypt-a-single-country-comparative-study-of-the-past-and-current-condition-of-the-government-of-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th 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