CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="tr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>NGC 221 - Vikipedi</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )trwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Ocak","Şubat","Mart","Nisan","Mayıs","Haziran","Temmuz","Ağustos","Eylül","Ekim","Kasım","Aralık"],"wgRequestId":"22c4e54b-f263-4be2-9a0d-6b82232d2427","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"NGC_221","wgTitle":"NGC 221","wgCurRevisionId":33415475,"wgRevisionId":33415475,"wgArticleId":195574,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarşiv şablonu wayback bağlantıları","Andromeda takımyıldızı","Cüce galaksiler","Cüce eliptik galaksiler","Yerel Grup","Andromeda altgrubu","Messier cisimleri","NGC cisimleri","UGC cisimleri","PGC cisimleri","Arp cisimleri","1749'da keşfedilen astronomik cisimler"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"tr","wgPageContentLanguage":"tr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"NGC_221","wgRelevantArticleId":195574,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Messier_32","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":2}}},"wgStableRevisionId":33415475,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"tr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"tr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/NGC_221","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q13720","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile", "model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":true,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","ext.imagemap.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.imagemap","mediawiki.page.media","site", "mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.extra-toolbar-buttons","ext.gadget.HizliBilgi","ext.gadget.OpenStreetMap","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tr&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.imagemap.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=tr&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tr&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/M32.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/M32.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="NGC 221 - Vikipedi"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//tr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_221"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Değiştir" href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Vikipedi (tr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//tr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_221"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Vikipedi Atom beslemesi" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:SonDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-NGC_221 rootpage-NGC_221 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">İçeriğe atla</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ana menü" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ana menü</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ana menü</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gezinti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" title="Anasayfayı ziyaret et [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Anasayfa</span></a></li><li id="n-Hakkımızda" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Hakk%C4%B1nda"><span>Hakkımızda</span></a></li><li id="n-İçindekiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:G%C3%B6z_at"><span>İçindekiler</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Rastgele" title="Rastgele bir sayfaya gidin [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rastgele madde</span></a></li><li id="n-Seçkin-içerik" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Se%C3%A7kin_i%C3%A7erik"><span>Seçkin içerik</span></a></li><li id="n-Yakınımdakiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Yak%C4%B1n%C4%B1mdakiler"><span>Yakınımdakiler</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Katılım" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Katılım" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Katılım </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Deneme_tahtas%C4%B1"><span>Deneme tahtası</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:K%C3%B6y_%C3%A7e%C5%9Fmesi" title="Güncel olaylarla ilgili son bilgiler"><span>Köy çeşmesi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SonDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler" title="Vikide yapılmış son değişikliklerin listesi [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Son değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Y%C3%BCkle"><span>Dosya yükle</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Topluluk_portali" title="Proje hakkında, neler yapabilirsiniz, ne nerededir"><span>Topluluk portali</span></a></li><li id="n-shop-text" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//shop.wikimedia.org"><span>Wikimedia dükkânı</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler" title="Yardım almak için"><span>Yardım</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tr.svg" style="width: 6.6875em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Özgür Ansiklopedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tr.svg" width="104" height="13" style="width: 6.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Ara" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ara</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" aria-label="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Özel:Ara"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ara</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Kişisel araçlar"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Sayfanın yazı tipi boyutunun, genişliğinin ve renginin görünümünü değiştirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Görünüm" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Görünüm</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Bağış yapın</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=NGC+221" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=NGC+221" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum aç</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kişisel araçlar" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kişisel araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Kullanıcı menüsü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr"><span>Bağış yapın</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=NGC+221" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=NGC+221" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kökeni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kökeni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kökeni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kökeni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kara_delik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kara_delik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kara delik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kara_delik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayrıca_bakınız"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ayrıca bakınız</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dış_bağlantılar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dış bağlantılar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 221</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 55 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%87_32" title="مسييه 32 - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مسييه 32" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_32" title="M 32 - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="M 32" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32_(%D0%B0%D0%B1%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B5)" title="M32 (аб’ект Месье) - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="M32 (аб’ект Месье)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32" title="M32 - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="M32" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32" title="M32 - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="M32" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_221" title="NGC 221 - Çeçence" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="NGC 221" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Çeçence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32" title="M32 - Korsikaca" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="M32" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_221" title="NGC 221 - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="NGC 221" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AD_32" title="Μεσιέ 32 - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεσιέ 32" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32" title="M32 - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="M32" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia_el%C3%ADptica_M32" title="Galaxia elíptica M32 - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Galaxia elíptica M32" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87_%DB%B3%DB%B2" title="مسیه ۳۲ - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسیه ۳۲" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32_(galaxie)" title="M32 (galaxie) - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="M32 (galaxie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32" title="M32 - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="M32" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32_(astronomia)" title="M32 (astronomia) - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="M32 (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32_(%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93)" title="M32 (天体) - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="M32 (天体)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%8B%9C%EC%97%90_32" title="메시에 32 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메시에 32" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Lüksemburgca" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lüksemburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesj%C4%97_32" title="Mesjė 32 - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mesjė 32" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Malgaşça" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B5_32" title="Месје 32 - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Месје 32" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Birman dili" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birman dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87_%DB%B3%DB%B2" title="مسیه ۳۲ - Mazenderanca" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مسیه ۳۲" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazenderanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_32" title="M 32 - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="M 32" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B5_32" title="Месје 32 - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Месје 32" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2_32" title="เมซีเย 32 - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เมซีเย 32" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_221" title="NGC 221 - Tatarca" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="NGC 221" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%94_32" title="Мессьє 32 - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мессьє 32" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_32" title="M 32 - Özbekçe" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="M 32" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Özbekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E8%A5%BF%E8%80%B632" title="梅西耶32 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="梅西耶32" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32 - Min Nan Çincesi" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Messier 32" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/M32" title="M32 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="M32" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13720#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/NGC_221" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:NGC_221" rel="discussion" title="İçerik ile ilgili tartışma [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tartışma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil varyantını değiştir" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Türkçe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/NGC_221"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=history" title="Bu sayfanın geçmiş sürümleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Araçlar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Araçlar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eylemler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/NGC_221"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=history"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Genel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SayfayaBa%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar/NGC_221" title="Bu sayfaya bağlantı vermiş tüm viki sayfalarının listesi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sayfaya bağlantılar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C4%B0lgiliDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler/NGC_221" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sayfadan bağlantı verilen sayfalardaki son değişiklikler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>İlgili değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C3%96zelSayfalar" title="Tüm özel sayfaların listesi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Özel sayfalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&oldid=33415475" title="Bu sayfanın bu revizyonuna kalıcı bağlantı"><span>Kalıcı bağlantı</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=info" title="Bu sayfa hakkında daha fazla bilgi"><span>Sayfa bilgisi</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:KaynakG%C3%B6ster&page=NGC_221&id=33415475&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu sayfadan nasıl kaynak göstereceği hakkında bilgi"><span>Bu sayfayı kaynak göster</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNGC_221"><span>Kısaltılmış URL'yi al</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNGC_221"><span>Karekodu indir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazdır/dışa aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=NGC+221"><span>Bir kitap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&page=NGC_221&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&printable=yes" title="Bu sayfanın basılmaya uygun sürümü [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Basılmaya uygun görünüm</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13720" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-01-sky-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r30277112">.mw-parser-output .sky-coordinates-display{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;float:right;margin:0;padding:0;line-height:1.5em;text-align:right;text-indent:0;font-size:92%;text-transform:none;white-space:nowrap}body.skin-vector-legacy .mw-parser-output .sky-coordinates-display{position:absolute;z-index:1;border:none;background:none;right:0;top:3.7em;float:right;margin:0;padding:0;line-height:1.5em;text-align:right;text-indent:0;font-size:85%;text-transform:none;white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="sky-coordinates-display plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ky%C3%BCz%C3%BC_koordinat_sistemi" title="Gökyüzü koordinat sistemi">Koordinat</a>:<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sky map"><img alt="Sky map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/20px-Jupiter_and_moon.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/30px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/40px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sky-map.org/?ra=0.71161111111111&de=40.865277777778&zoom=7&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=1&show_galaxies=1&img_source=DSS2">00<sup>sa</sup> 42<sup>d</sup> 41,8<sup>s</sup>; +40º 51' 55″</a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_32&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Messier 32">Messier 32</a> sayfasından yönlendirildi)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28603389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #A4D3EE;"><a href="/wiki/Messier_cisimleri" title="Messier cisimleri">Messier</a> 32</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:M32.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/M32.jpg/290px-M32.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/M32.jpg/435px-M32.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/M32.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cüce eliptik galaksi M32</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header fn org" style="background: #A4D3EE;">Gözlem verisi (<a href="/wiki/Devir_(astronomi)" title="Devir (astronomi)">Dönem</a> <a href="/wiki/J2000" class="mw-redirect" title="J2000">J2000</a>)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tak%C4%B1my%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z" title="Takımyıldız">Takımyıldız</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(tak%C4%B1my%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z)" title="Andromeda (takımyıldız)">Andromeda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Sa%C4%9F_a%C3%A7%C4%B1kl%C4%B1k" title="Sağ açıklık">Sağ açıklık</a> <small>(<i><span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">α</span></i>)</small></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">00<sup>sa</sup> 42<sup>d</sup> 41,8<sup>s</sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Dik_a%C3%A7%C4%B1kl%C4%B1k" title="Dik açıklık">Dik açıklık</a> <small>(<i><span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">δ</span></i>)</small></th><td class="infobox-data">+40° 51′ 55″<sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A7imsel_galaksi_s%C4%B1n%C4%B1flamas%C4%B1" title="Biçimsel galaksi sınıflaması">Galaksi sınıfı</a></th><td class="infobox-data">cE2 AGN<sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Kadir_(astronomi)" title="Kadir (astronomi)">Görünür büyüklük</a> <small title="görsel">(<i>V</i>)</small></th><td class="infobox-data">8,1<sup id="cite_ref-seds_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seds-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Kadir_(astronomi)" title="Kadir (astronomi)">Görünür büyüklük</a> <small title="B-Bandı">(<i>B</i>)</small></th><td class="infobox-data">9,1<sup id="cite_ref-seds_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seds-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCzey_parlakl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yüzey parlaklığı">Yüzey parlaklığı</a> <small>(<i>SB</i>)</small></th><td class="infobox-data">12,5<sup id="cite_ref-seds_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seds-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;">Boyut</th><td class="infobox-data">8′,7 × 6′,5<sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header fn org" style="background: #A4D3EE;">Özellikler</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_grubu" title="Galaksi grubu">Grup</a> veya <a href="/wiki/Galaksi_k%C3%BCmesi" title="Galaksi kümesi">küme</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yerel_Grup" title="Yerel Grup">Yerel Grup</a><br />(Andromeda altgrubu)<sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1rm%C4%B1z%C4%B1ya_kayma" title="Kırmızıya kayma">Kırmızıya kayma</a> <small>(<i><span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">z</span></i>)</small></th><td class="infobox-data">−0,000667 ± 0,000020<sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Dikey_h%C4%B1z" class="mw-redirect" title="Dikey hız">Helyo dikey hız</a> (<i><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v_{r}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v_{r}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/241c3a23682e17356aac1d855e4b5a6b90562084" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.101ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v_{r}}"></span></i>)</th><td class="infobox-data">(−200 ± 6) km/sn<sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background: inherit;">Mesafe</th><td class="infobox-data">2,49 ± 0,08 <a href="/wiki/I%C5%9F%C4%B1k_y%C4%B1l%C4%B1" title="Işık yılı">MIy</a> (763 ± 24 <a href="/wiki/Parsek" title="Parsek">kpc</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-jensenetal2003_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jensenetal2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-karachentsevetal2004_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-karachentsevetal2004-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Karachentsevetal2006_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karachentsevetal2006-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="margin-bottom: -0.7em;"><b>Keşif</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillaume_Le_Gentil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillaume Le Gentil (sayfa mevcut değil)">Guillaume Le Gentil</a> (29 Ekim 1749)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header fn org" style="background: #A4D3EE;"><a href="/wiki/Astronomi_kataloglar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Astronomi katalogları listesi">Katalog belirtmeleri</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align: left;">M 32 • NGC 221 • UGC 452 • PGC 2555 • CGCG 535-16 • MCG +7-2-15 • IRAS 00399+4035 • Arp 168 • GC 117 • h 51 • Ark 12 • Bode 2 • Struve 1</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="max-width: 310px; overflow: hidden;"></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Messier_32" class="extiw" title="commons:Messier 32">Wikimedia Commons'ta ilgili ortam</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Messier 32</b> veya <b>NGC 221</b>, <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(tak%C4%B1my%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z)" title="Andromeda (takımyıldız)">Andromeda</a> takımyıldızı bölgesinde yaklaşık olarak 2,5 <a href="/wiki/I%C5%9F%C4%B1k_y%C4%B1l%C4%B1" title="Işık yılı">MIy</a> uzaklıkta bulunan bir <a href="/wiki/C%C3%BCce_eliptik_g%C3%B6kada" class="mw-redirect" title="Cüce eliptik gökada">cüce eliptik gökadadır</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillaume_Le_Gentil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillaume Le Gentil (sayfa mevcut değil)">Guillaume Le Gentil</a> tarafından 23 Ocak 1874 tarihinde keşfedildi.<sup id="cite_ref-Seligman_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Seligman-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Halton_Arp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halton Arp (sayfa mevcut değil)">Halton Arp</a> tarafından görüntülenmiş ve <b>Arp 168</b> olarak "Dağınık karşı kuyruklara sahip gökadalar" kategorisi altında <a href="/wiki/Tuhaf_G%C3%B6kadalar_Atlas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuhaf Gökadalar Atlası">Tuhaf Gökadalar Atlası</a>'na dahil edilmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-halton_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-halton-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meşhur <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_G%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromeda Gökadası">Andromeda Gökadası</a>'nın bir uydusudur. </p><p>Gökada, nispeten nadir bulunan kompakt eliptik (cE) gökada sınıfının bir prototipidir. Yıldızlarının yarısı sadece 100 <a href="/wiki/Parsek" title="Parsek">parseklik</a> bir <a href="/wiki/Etkin_yar%C4%B1%C3%A7ap" class="mw-redirect" title="Etkin yarıçap">etkin yarıçap</a> içinde yoğunlaşmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-kent1987_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kent1987-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mateo1998_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mateo1998-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merkezi yıldızlardaki <a href="/wiki/Yo%C4%9Funluk" title="Yoğunluk">yoğunluk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Uzay_Teleskobu" title="Hubble Uzay Teleskobu">Hubble Uzay Teleskobu</a> tarafından çözülen en küçük yarıçapta 3 <a href="/wiki/Parsek" title="Parsek">Mpc</a>'yi aşarak inanılmaz bir biçimde artar<sup id="cite_ref-lauer1992_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lauer1992-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve bu merkezi yıldız kümesinin loş (yarı-ışık) yarıçapı 6 parsek civarındadır.<sup id="cite_ref-graham_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-graham-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daha sıradan <a href="/wiki/Eliptik_g%C3%B6kada" class="mw-redirect" title="Eliptik gökada">eliptik gökadalar</a> gibi M32'de neredeyse hiç toz veya gaz içermeyen ve dolayısıyla halihazırda <a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_olu%C5%9Fumu" title="Yıldız oluşumu">yıldız oluşumuna</a> sahip olmayan çoğunlukla yaşlı, soluk kırmızı ve sarı yıldızları içerir.<sup id="cite_ref-NSOG_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSOG-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bununla birlikte, nispeten yakın bir geçmişte yıldız oluşumunun ipuçlarını da göstermektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-RWM09_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RWM09-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>M32, <a href="/wiki/Yerel_Grup" title="Yerel Grup">Yerel Grup</a> içindeki Andromeda altgrubu üyesidir.<sup id="cite_ref-ned_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ned-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kökeni"><span id="K.C3.B6keni"></span>Kökeni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kökeni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kökeni"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Andromeda_Galaxy_(with_h-alpha).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg/300px-Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg/450px-Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg/600px-Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1971" /></a><figcaption>Andromeda gökadası. M32, merkezin üstünde ve solundaki parlak olan nesnedir.</figcaption></figure> <p>M32'nin yapısını ve yıldız içeriğini geleneksel <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kada_olu%C5%9Fumu_ve_evrimi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gökada oluşumu ve evrimi">gökada oluşumu</a> modelleriyle açıklamak zordur. Teorik iddialar ve bazı simülasyonlar <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_G%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromeda Gökadası">M31</a>'in güçlü <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCtle%C3%A7ekim" title="Kütleçekim">kütleçekim</a> alanının <a href="/wiki/Sarmal_g%C3%B6kada" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarmal gökada">sarmal</a> veya <a href="/wiki/Merceksi_g%C3%B6kada" class="mw-redirect" title="Merceksi gökada">merceksi</a> bir gökadayı, kompakt eliptik bir yapıya dönüştürebileceğini gösteren bir senaryoyu önerir. Küçük bir diske sahip bir gökada, M31'in orta kısımlarına düştüğü zaman dış katmanlarının çoğu sıyrılmış olacaktır. Küçük gökadanın merkezi şişkinliği ise bu durumdan çok daha az etkilenir ve şeklini korur. Yerçekimsel gelgit etkileri, aynı zamanda gazı içeri doğru itebilir ve küçük gökadanın çekirdeğinde bir yıldız patlamasını tetikleyerek bugün gözlemlenen yüksek M32 yoğunluğuna neden olmuş olabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-Bekkietal2001_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bekkietal2001-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> M32'nin soluk bir dış diske sahip olduğuna dair kanıtlar vardır<sup id="cite_ref-AlisterGraham2002_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlisterGraham2002-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve bu nedenle tipik bir eliptik gökada değildir. </p><p>Yeni simülasyonlar M32'nin 800 milyon yıl önceki merkez dışı etkisinin, <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_G%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromeda Gökadası">M31</a> diskindeki günümüzdeki <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Galaksisi#Yapısı" title="Andromeda Galaksisi">kaymaya</a> sebep olabileceğini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-Dierickx2014_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dierickx2014-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ancak bu özellik yalnızca ilk <a href="/wiki/Y%C3%B6r%C3%BCnge" title="Yörünge">yörünge</a> geçişi sırasında ortaya çıkar, halbuki gelgitlerin normal bir cüceyi M32'ye dönüştürmesi için birçok yörünge geçişi gerekir. Gözlemlenen renkler ve M32 civarındaki yıldız popülasyonları, M31'in yıldız halesiyle uyuşmuyor.<sup id="cite_ref-Choi2002_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Choi2002-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu da M32'den gelen gelgit kayıplarının kaynağı olmadığını gösterir. Bütün bunlar birlikte ele alındığında, M32'nin halihazırda kompakt durumda meydana geldiği ve kendi yıldızlarının çoğunu koruduğu öne sürülebilir. </p><p>Diğer bir hipotez, M32'nin daha önce Yerel Grup'un üçüncü büyük üyesi olan eski bir sarmal gökada <a href="/w/index.php?title=M32p&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M32p (sayfa mevcut değil)">M32p</a>'nin en büyük kalıntısı olduğu yönündedir.<sup id="cite_ref-umich_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-umich-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu simülasyona göre, M31 (Andromeda) ve M32p yaklaşık iki milyar yıl önce birleşti. Bu hipotez, mevcut M31 yıldız halesinin olağandışı karakterini ve M32'nin yapısı ile içeriğini açıklayabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-10.1038/s41550-018-0533-x_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10.1038/s41550-018-0533-x-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kara_delik">Kara delik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kara delik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kara delik"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>M32, kütlesinin 1,5 ile 5 milyon <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCne%C5%9F_k%C3%BCtlesi" title="Güneş kütlesi">güneş kütlesi</a> arasında olduğu tahmin edilen bir <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCper_k%C3%BCtleli_kara_delik" title="Süper kütleli kara delik">süper kütleli kara delik</a> içerir.<sup id="cite_ref-tonry1984_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tonry1984-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bender1996_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bender1996-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-joseph2001_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joseph2001-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-verolme2002_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-verolme2002-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-valluri2004_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-valluri2004-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vanden_bosch2010_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vanden_bosch2010-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merkezinde bulunan soluk bir radyo ve X-ışını kaynağı (<a href="/wiki/Sagittarius_A*" title="Sagittarius A*">Sgr A*</a> 'ya benzer şekilde M32* olarak adlandırılır) kara delik üzerindeki gaz birikimine bağlanır.<sup id="cite_ref-ho2003_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ho2003-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yang2015_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yang2015-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayrıca_bakınız"><span id="Ayr.C4.B1ca_bak.C4.B1n.C4.B1z"></span>Ayrıca bakınız</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ayrıca bakınız" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ayrıca bakınız"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda%27n%C4%B1n_uydu_galaksileri" title="Andromeda'nın uydu galaksileri">Andromeda'nın uydu galaksileri</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dış_bağlantılar"><span id="D.C4.B1.C5.9F_ba.C4.9Flant.C4.B1lar"></span>Dış bağlantılar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dış bağlantılar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dış bağlantılar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://in-the-sky.org/data/object.php?id=NGC221">M32 Gözlem bilgisi (In-The-Sky.org)</a> 24 Ocak 2021 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210124025835/https://in-the-sky.org/data/object.php?id=NGC221">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>WikiSky'da NGC 221: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221&img_source=DSS2">DSS2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221&img_source=SDSS">SDSS</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221&img_source=GALEX">GALEX</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221&img_source=IRAS">IRAS</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221&img_source=HALPHA">Hidrojen α</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221&img_source=RASS">X-Ray</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221&img_source=IMG_all">Astrofoto</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?object=NGC+221">Gök Haritası</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&action=edit&section=5" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ned-1"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ned_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/nph-objsearch?objname=NGC+221&extend=no">"NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database"</a>. <i>NED results for object NGC 0221</i>. 7 Aralık 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191207152535/http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/nph-objsearch?objname=NGC+221&extend=no">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">27 Ekim</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NED+results+for+object+NGC+0221&rft.atitle=NASA%2FIPAC+Extragalactic+Database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fned.ipac.caltech.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fnph-objsearch%3Fobjname%3DNGC%2B221%26extend%3Dno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-seds-2"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-seds_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-seds_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-seds_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spider.seds.org/ngc/revngcic.cgi?NGC221">"SEDS"</a>. <i>Revised NGC Data for NGC 221</i> (İngilizce). 19 Ekim 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019163553/http://spider.seds.org/ngc/revngcic.cgi?NGC221">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Revised+NGC+Data+for+NGC+221&rft.atitle=SEDS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspider.seds.org%2Fngc%2Frevngcic.cgi%3FNGC221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jensenetal2003-3"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-jensenetal2003_3-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Jensen, Joseph B.; Tonry, John L.; Barris, Brian J.; Thompson, Rodger I.; Liu, Michael C.; Rieke, Marcia J.; Ajhar, Edward A.; Blakeslee, John P. (2003). "Measuring Distances and Probing the Unresolved Stellar Populations of Galaxies Using Infrared Surface Brightness Fluctuations". <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>583</b> (2). ss. 712-726. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0210129">astro-ph/0210129</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003ApJ...583..712J">2003ApJ...583..712J</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/345430">10.1086/345430</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Measuring+Distances+and+Probing+the+Unresolved+Stellar+Populations+of+Galaxies+Using+Infrared+Surface+Brightness+Fluctuations&rft.pages=712-726&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0210129&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F345430&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003ApJ...583..712J&rft.au=Jensen%2C+Joseph+B.&rft.au=Tonry%2C+John+L.&rft.au=Barris%2C+Brian+J.&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Rodger+I.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Michael+C.&rft.au=Rieke%2C+Marcia+J.&rft.au=Ajhar%2C+Edward+A.&rft.au=Blakeslee%2C+John+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-karachentsevetal2004-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-karachentsevetal2004_4-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Karachentsev, I. D.; Karachentseva, V. E.; Hutchmeier, W. K.; Makarov, D. I. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_astronomical-journal_2004-04_127_4/page/2031">"A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies"</a>. <i>Astronomical Journal</i>. <b>127</b> (4). ss. 2031-2068. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004AJ....127.2031K">2004AJ....127.2031K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/382905">10.1086/382905</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Catalog+of+Neighboring+Galaxies&rft.pages=2031-2068&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F382905&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004AJ....127.2031K&rft.au=Karachentsev%2C+I.+D.&rft.au=Karachentseva%2C+V.+E.&rft.au=Hutchmeier%2C+W.+K.&rft.au=Makarov%2C+D.+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_astronomical-journal_2004-04_127_4%2Fpage%2F2031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Karachentsevetal2006-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Karachentsevetal2006_5-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Karachentsev, I. D.; Kashibadze, O. G. (2006). "Masses of the local group and of the M81 group estimated from distortions in the local velocity field". <i>Astrophysics</i>. <b>49</b> (1). ss. 3-18. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006Ap.....49....3K">2006Ap.....49....3K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10511-006-0002-6">10.1007/s10511-006-0002-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Masses+of+the+local+group+and+of+the+M81+group+estimated+from+distortions+in+the+local+velocity+field&rft.pages=3-18&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10511-006-0002-6&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006Ap.....49....3K&rft.au=Karachentsev%2C+I.+D.&rft.au=Kashibadze%2C+O.+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Seligman-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Seligman_6-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Seligman, Courtney. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc2.htm#221">"NGC 221 (= M32 = PGC 2555 = Arp 168)"</a>. 13 Ekim 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181013195749/http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc2.htm#221">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">28 Ocak</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NGC+221+%28%3D+M32+%3D+PGC+2555+%3D+Arp+168%29&rft.aulast=Seligman&rft.aufirst=Courtney&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcseligman.com%2Ftext%2Fatlas%2Fngc2.htm%23221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-halton-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-halton_7-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Arp, Halton (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Arp_figure2.html">"Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies"</a>. <i>Figure 2</i>. 25 Ekim 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181025165012/http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Arp_figure2.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Ekim</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Figure+2&rft.atitle=Atlas+of+Peculiar+Galaxies&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Arp&rft.aufirst=Halton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fned.ipac.caltech.edu%2Flevel5%2FArp%2FArp_figure2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kent1987-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-kent1987_8-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Kent, S. M. (1987). "Surface photometry of six local group galaxies". <i>Astronomical Journal</i>. Cilt 94. ss. 306-314. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AJ.....94..306K">1987AJ.....94..306K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/114472">10.1086/114472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Surface+photometry+of+six+local+group+galaxies&rft.pages=306-314&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F114472&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1987AJ.....94..306K&rft.au=Kent%2C+S.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mateo1998-9"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-mateo1998_9-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Mateo, M. L. (1998). "Dwarf Galaxies of the Local Group". <i>Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics</i>. Cilt 36. ss. 435-506. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9810070">astro-ph/9810070</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ARA&A..36..435M">1998ARA&A..36..435M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.36.1.435">10.1146/annurev.astro.36.1.435</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dwarf+Galaxies+of+the+Local+Group&rft.pages=435-506&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F9810070&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.astro.36.1.435&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998ARA%26A..36..435M&rft.au=Mateo%2C+M.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lauer1992-10"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-lauer1992_10-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Lauer, T. R.; Faber, S. M.; Currie, D. G.; Ewald, S. P.; Groth, E. J.; Hester, J. J.; Holtzman, J. A.; Light, R. M.; O'Neil Jr, E. J.; Shaya, E. J.; Westphal, J. A. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authors.library.caltech.edu/52363/1/1992AJ____104__552L.pdf">"Planetary camera observations of the central parsec of M32"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Astronomical Journal</i>. Cilt 104. ss. 552-562. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992AJ....104..552L">1992AJ....104..552L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/116254">10.1086/116254</a>. 22 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180722014112/https://authors.library.caltech.edu/52363/1/1992AJ____104__552L.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">27 Ekim</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Planetary+camera+observations+of+the+central+parsec+of+M32&rft.pages=552-562&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F116254&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992AJ....104..552L&rft.au=Lauer%2C+T.+R.&rft.au=Faber%2C+S.+M.&rft.au=Currie%2C+D.+G.&rft.au=Ewald%2C+S.+P.&rft.au=Groth%2C+E.+J.&rft.au=Hester%2C+J.+J.&rft.au=Holtzman%2C+J.+A.&rft.au=Light%2C+R.+M.&rft.au=O%27Neil+Jr%2C+E.+J.&rft.au=Shaya%2C+E.+J.&rft.au=Westphal%2C+J.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauthors.library.caltech.edu%2F52363%2F1%2F1992AJ____104__552L.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-graham-11"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-graham_11-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Graham, A.W. and Spitler, L.R., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.397.2148G">Quantifying the coexistence of massive black holes and dense nuclear star clusters</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NSOG-12"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-NSOG_12-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Kepple, George Robert; Sanner, Glen W. (1998). <i>The Night Sky Observer's Guide</i>. Vol. 1. Willmann-Bell. s. 17. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-943396-58-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-943396-58-3">978-0-943396-58-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Night+Sky+Observer%27s+Guide&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Willmann-Bell&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-943396-58-3&rft.aulast=Kepple&rft.aufirst=George+Robert&rft.au=Sanner%2C+Glen+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RWM09-13"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-RWM09_13-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Rudenko, Pavlo; Worthey, Guy; Mateo, Mario (2009). "Intermediate age clusters in the field containing M31 and M32 stars". <i>The Astronomical Journal</i>. <b>138</b> (6). ss. 1985-1989. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009AJ....138.1985R">2009AJ....138.1985R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1985">10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1985</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Intermediate+age+clusters+in+the+field+containing+M31+and+M32+stars&rft.pages=1985-1989&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0004-6256%2F138%2F6%2F1985&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009AJ....138.1985R&rft.aulast=Rudenko&rft.aufirst=Pavlo&rft.au=Worthey%2C+Guy&rft.au=Mateo%2C+Mario&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bekkietal2001-14"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Bekkietal2001_14-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Bekki, Kenji; Couch, Warrick J.; Drinkwater, Michael J.; Gregg, Michael D. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:37514/UQ37514_OA.pdf">"A New Formation Model for M32: A Threshed Early-Type Spiral Galaxy?"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. <b>557</b> (1). ss. L39. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astroph/0107117">astroph/0107117</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...557L..39B">2001ApJ...557L..39B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/323075">10.1086/323075</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+New+Formation+Model+for+M32%3A+A+Threshed+Early-Type+Spiral+Galaxy%3F&rft.pages=L39&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastroph%2F0107117&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F323075&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001ApJ...557L..39B&rft.au=Bekki%2C+Kenji&rft.au=Couch%2C+Warrick+J.&rft.au=Drinkwater%2C+Michael+J.&rft.au=Gregg%2C+Michael+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fespace.library.uq.edu.au%2Fview%2FUQ%3A37514%2FUQ37514_OA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AlisterGraham2002-15"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-AlisterGraham2002_15-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Graham, A. W. (2002). "Evidence for an Outer Disk in the Prototype Compact Elliptical Galaxy M32". <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. <b>568</b> (1). ss. L13-L17. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0202307">astro-ph/0202307</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002ApJ...568L..13G">2002ApJ...568L..13G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/340274">10.1086/340274</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Evidence+for+an+Outer+Disk+in+the+Prototype+Compact+Elliptical+Galaxy+M32&rft.pages=L13-L17&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0202307&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F340274&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002ApJ...568L..13G&rft.au=Graham%2C+A.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dierickx2014-16"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Dierickx2014_16-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Dierickx, M.; Blecha, L.; Loeb, A. (2014). "Signatures of the M31-M32 Galactic Collision". <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>788</b> (2). ss. L38. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1405.3990">1405.3990</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ApJ...788L..38D">2014ApJ...788L..38D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/788/2/L38">10.1088/2041-8205/788/2/L38</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Signatures+of+the+M31-M32+Galactic+Collision&rft.pages=L38&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1405.3990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F2041-8205%2F788%2F2%2FL38&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014ApJ...788L..38D&rft.au=Dierickx%2C+M.&rft.au=Blecha%2C+L.&rft.au=Loeb%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Choi2002-17"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Choi2002_17-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Choi, P. I.; Guhathakurta, P.; Johnston, K. V. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_astronomical-journal_2002-07_124_1/page/310">"Tidal Interaction of M32 and NGC 205 with M31: Surface Photometry and Numerical Simulations"</a>. <i>Astronomical Journal</i>. <b>124</b> (1). ss. 310-331. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0111465">astro-ph/0111465</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AJ....124..310C">2002AJ....124..310C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/341041">10.1086/341041</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tidal+Interaction+of+M32+and+NGC+205+with+M31%3A+Surface+Photometry+and+Numerical+Simulations&rft.pages=310-331&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0111465&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F341041&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002AJ....124..310C&rft.au=Choi%2C+P.+I.&rft.au=Guhathakurta%2C+P.&rft.au=Johnston%2C+K.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_astronomical-journal_2002-07_124_1%2Fpage%2F310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-umich-18"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-umich_18-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.umich.edu/the-milky-ways-long-lost-sibling-finally-found/">"The Milky Way's long-lost sibling finally found"</a>. <i>University of Michigan News</i> (İngilizce). 23 Temmuz 2018. 15 Ocak 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200115202320/https://news.umich.edu/the-milky-ways-long-lost-sibling-finally-found/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Temmuz</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Milky+Way%27s+long-lost+sibling+finally+found&rft.date=2018-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.umich.edu%2Fthe-milky-ways-long-lost-sibling-finally-found%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10.1038/s41550-018-0533-x-19"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-10.1038/s41550-018-0533-x_19-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">D’Souza, Richard; Bell, Eric F. (23 Temmuz 2018). "The Andromeda galaxy's most important merger about 2 billion years ago as M32's likely progenitor". <i>Nature Astronomy</i> (İngilizce). <b>2</b> (9). ss. 737-743. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1807.08819">1807.08819</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018NatAs...2..737D">2018NatAs...2..737D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0533-x">10.1038/s41550-018-0533-x</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2397-3366">2397-3366</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Andromeda+galaxy%27s+most+important+merger+about+2+billion+years+ago+as+M32%27s+likely+progenitor&rft.pages=737-743&rft.date=2018-07-23&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1807.08819&rft.issn=2397-3366&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41550-018-0533-x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018NatAs...2..737D&rft.aulast=D%E2%80%99Souza&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Bell%2C+Eric+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tonry1984-20"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-tonry1984_20-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Tonry, J. L. (1984). "Evidence for a central mass concentration in M32". <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. Cilt 283. ss. L27. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984ApJ...283L..27T">1984ApJ...283L..27T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/184326">10.1086/184326</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Evidence+for+a+central+mass+concentration+in+M32&rft.pages=L27&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F184326&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1984ApJ...283L..27T&rft.au=Tonry%2C+J.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bender1996-21"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-bender1996_21-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Bender, R.; Kormendy, J.; Dehnen, W. (1996). "Improved Evidence for a 3×10<sup>6</sup> M<sub>⊙</sub> Black Hole in M32: Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Spectroscopy with FWHM = 0.47" Resolution". <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. <b>464</b> (2). ss. L123-L126. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996ApJ...464L.123B">1996ApJ...464L.123B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/310098">10.1086/310098</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Improved+Evidence+for+a+3%C3%9710%3Csup%3E6%3C%2Fsup%3E+M%3Csub%3E%E2%8A%99%3C%2Fsub%3E+Black+Hole+in+M32%3A+Canada-France-Hawaii+Telescope+Spectroscopy+with+FWHM+%3D+0.47%22+Resolution&rft.pages=L123-L126&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F310098&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1996ApJ...464L.123B&rft.au=Bender%2C+R.&rft.au=Kormendy%2C+J.&rft.au=Dehnen%2C+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-joseph2001-22"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-joseph2001_22-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Joseph, C. L.; Merritt, D.; Olling, R.; Valluri, M.; Bender, R.; Bower, G.; Danks, A.; Gull, T.; Hutchings, J.; Kaiser, M. E.; Maran, S.; Weistrop, D.; Woodgate, B.; Malumuth, E.; Nelson, C.; Plait, P.; Lindler, D. (2001). "The Nuclear Dynamics of M32. I. Data and Stellar Kinematics". <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>550</b> (2). ss. 668-690. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0005530">astro-ph/0005530</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...550..668J">2001ApJ...550..668J</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/319781">10.1086/319781</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Nuclear+Dynamics+of+M32.+I.+Data+and+Stellar+Kinematics&rft.pages=668-690&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0005530&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F319781&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001ApJ...550..668J&rft.au=Joseph%2C+C.+L.&rft.au=Merritt%2C+D.&rft.au=Olling%2C+R.&rft.au=Valluri%2C+M.&rft.au=Bender%2C+R.&rft.au=Bower%2C+G.&rft.au=Danks%2C+A.&rft.au=Gull%2C+T.&rft.au=Hutchings%2C+J.&rft.au=Kaiser%2C+M.+E.&rft.au=Maran%2C+S.&rft.au=Weistrop%2C+D.&rft.au=Woodgate%2C+B.&rft.au=Malumuth%2C+E.&rft.au=Nelson%2C+C.&rft.au=Plait%2C+P.&rft.au=Lindler%2C+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-verolme2002-23"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-verolme2002_23-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Verolme, E. K.; Cappellari, M.; Copin, Y.; van der Marel, R. P.; Bacon, R.; Bureau, M.; Davies, R. L.; Miller, B. M.; de Zeeuw, P. T. (2002). "A SAURON study of M32: measuring the intrinsic flattening and the central black hole mass". <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. <b>335</b> (3). ss. 517-525. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0201086">astro-ph/0201086</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002MNRAS.335..517V">2002MNRAS.335..517V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15832.x">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15832.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+SAURON+study+of+M32%3A+measuring+the+intrinsic+flattening+and+the+central+black+hole+mass&rft.pages=517-525&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0201086&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2009.15832.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002MNRAS.335..517V&rft.au=Verolme%2C+E.+K.&rft.au=Cappellari%2C+M.&rft.au=Copin%2C+Y.&rft.au=van+der+Marel%2C+R.+P.&rft.au=Bacon%2C+R.&rft.au=Bureau%2C+M.&rft.au=Davies%2C+R.+L.&rft.au=Miller%2C+B.+M.&rft.au=de+Zeeuw%2C+P.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-valluri2004-24"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-valluri2004_24-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Valluri, M.; Merritt, D.; Emsellem, E. (2004). "Difficulties with Recovering the Masses of Supermassive Black Holes from Stellar Kinematical Data". <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>602</b> (1). ss. 66-92. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0210379">astro-ph/0210379</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004ApJ...602...66V">2004ApJ...602...66V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/380896">10.1086/380896</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Difficulties+with+Recovering+the+Masses+of+Supermassive+Black+Holes+from+Stellar+Kinematical+Data&rft.pages=66-92&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0210379&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F380896&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004ApJ...602...66V&rft.aulast=Valluri&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Merritt%2C+D.&rft.au=Emsellem%2C+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vanden_bosch2010-25"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-vanden_bosch2010_25-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">van den Bosch, R. C. E.; de Zeeuw, P. T. (2010). "Estimating black hole masses in triaxial galaxies". <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. <b>401</b> (3). ss. 1770-1780. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/0910.0844">0910.0844</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010MNRAS.401.1770V">2010MNRAS.401.1770V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15832.x">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15832.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estimating+black+hole+masses+in+triaxial+galaxies&rft.pages=1770-1780&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F0910.0844&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2009.15832.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010MNRAS.401.1770V&rft.au=van+den+Bosch%2C+R.+C.+E.&rft.au=de+Zeeuw%2C+P.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ho2003-26"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-ho2003_26-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Ho, Luis C.; Terashima, Yuichi; Ulvestad, James S. (2003). "Detection of the "Active" Nucleus of M32". <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>589</b> (2). ss. 783-789. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0303060">astro-ph/0303060</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003ApJ...589..783H">2003ApJ...589..783H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/374738">10.1086/374738</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Detection+of+the+%22Active%22+Nucleus+of+M32&rft.pages=783-789&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0303060&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F374738&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003ApJ...589..783H&rft.au=Ho%2C+Luis+C.&rft.au=Terashima%2C+Yuichi&rft.au=Ulvestad%2C+James+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yang2015-27"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-yang2015_27-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Yang, Yang; Li, Zhiyuan; Sjouwerman, Loránt O.; Wang, Q. Daniel; Gu, Qiusheng; Kraft, Ralph P.; Yuan, Feng (2015). "Detection of a Compact Nuclear Radio Source in the Local Group Elliptical Galaxy M32". <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. <b>807</b> (1). ss. L19. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1502.03231">1502.03231</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...807L..19Y">2015ApJ...807L..19Y</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/807/1/L19">10.1088/2041-8205/807/1/L19</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Detection+of+a+Compact+Nuclear+Radio+Source+in+the+Local+Group+Elliptical+Galaxy+M32&rft.pages=L19&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1502.03231&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F2041-8205%2F807%2F1%2FL19&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015ApJ...807L..19Y&rft.au=Yang%2C+Yang&rft.au=Li%2C+Zhiyuan&rft.au=Sjouwerman%2C+Lor%C3%A1nt+O.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Q.+Daniel&rft.au=Gu%2C+Qiusheng&rft.au=Kraft%2C+Ralph+P.&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Feng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ANGC+221" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Andromeda_Galaksisi" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25548259">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Andromeda" title="Şablon:Andromeda"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Andromeda" title="Şablon tartışma:Andromeda"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Andromeda&action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Andromeda_Galaksisi" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Galaksisi" title="Andromeda Galaksisi">Andromeda Galaksisi</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Konum</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Galaksisi" title="Andromeda Galaksisi">Andromeda Galaksisi</a><big>→</big><a href="/wiki/Andromeda%27n%C4%B1n_uydu_galaksileri" title="Andromeda'nın uydu galaksileri">Andromeda alt grubu</a> <big>→</big> <a href="/wiki/Yerel_Grup" title="Yerel Grup">Yerel Grup</a> <big>→</big> <a href="/wiki/Yerel_Katman" title="Yerel Katman">Yerel Katman</a> <big>→</big> <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9Fak_S%C3%BCperk%C3%BCmesi" title="Başak Süperkümesi">Başak Süperkümesi</a> <big>→</big> <a href="/wiki/Laniakea_S%C3%BCperk%C3%BCmesi" title="Laniakea Süperkümesi">Laniakea Süperkümesi</a> <big>→</big> <a href="/wiki/KBC_Bo%C5%9Flu%C4%9Fu" title="KBC Boşluğu">KBC Boşluğu</a> <big>→</big> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6zlemlenebilir_evren" title="Gözlemlenebilir evren">Gözlemlenebilir evren</a> <big>→</big> <a href="/wiki/Evren" title="Evren">Evren</a></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Andromeda_Galaxy_(with_h-alpha).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Andromeda Gökadası"><img alt="Andromeda Gökadası" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg/85px-Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg/128px-Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg/170px-Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1971" /></a><figcaption>Andromeda Gökadası</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Andromeda%27n%C4%B1n_uydu_galaksileri" title="Andromeda'nın uydu galaksileri">Uydu gökadalar</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_110" title="Messier 110">M110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_185" title="NGC 185">NGC 185</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_147" title="NGC 147">NGC 147</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_I" title="Andromeda I">Andromeda I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda II (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda III (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_IV" title="Andromeda IV">Andromeda IV</a>*</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda V (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda V</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegasus_C%C3%BCce_K%C3%BCremsi_G%C3%B6kada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pegasus Cüce Küremsi Gökada (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krali%C3%A7e_C%C3%BCce_G%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" title="Kraliçe Cüce Gökadası">Andromeda VII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_IX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda IX (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda IX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_X&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda X (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda X</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XI (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XIII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XIII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XIV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XIV (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XV (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XVI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XVI (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XVII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XVII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XVII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XVIII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XVIII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XVIII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XIX (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XIX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XX (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXI (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXIII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXIII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXIII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXIV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXIV (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXIV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXV (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXVI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXVI (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXVI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXVII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXVII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXVII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXVIII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXVIII (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXVIII</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_XXIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda XXIX (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andromeda XXIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%A7gen_Galaksisi" title="Üçgen Galaksisi">Üçgen Galaksisi</a>*<br /></li></ul> <p><b>*</b> Uydusu olup olmadığı tartışmalıdır </p> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_katalo%C4%9Fu" title="Yıldız kataloğu">Kataloglanmış yıldızlar</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AE_Andromedae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AE Andromedae (sayfa mevcut değil)">AE Andromedae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AF_Andromedae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AF Andromedae (sayfa mevcut değil)">AF Andromedae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M31-RV" title="M31-RV">M31-RV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diğer</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda-Samanyolu_%C3%A7arp%C4%B1%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Andromeda-Samanyolu çarpışması">Andromeda-Samanyolu çarpışması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SN_1885A" title="SN 1885A">S Andromedae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayall_II" title="Mayall II">Mayall II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M32p&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M32p (sayfa mevcut değil)">M32p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_206" title="NGC 206">NGC 206</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3XMM_J004232.1%2B411314&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3XMM J004232.1+411314 (sayfa mevcut değil)">3XMM J004232.1+411314</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="padding: 4px; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; text-align: center; font-size: 95%;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ccf;"><div style="margin: 0 5em;"><a href="/wiki/Messier_Katalo%C4%9Fu" title="Messier Kataloğu">Messier Kataloğu</a></div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 100%;"> <p>Bahar açısına göre önceki: <b><a href="/wiki/Messier_110" title="Messier 110">M 110</a></b> | Bahar açısına göre sonraki: <b><a href="/wiki/Messier_31" class="mw-redirect" title="Messier 31">M 31</a></b> <br /> Katalog sırasına göre önceki: <b><a href="/wiki/Messier_31" class="mw-redirect" title="Messier 31">M 31</a></b> | Katalog sırasına göre sonraki: <b><a href="/wiki/Messier_33" class="mw-redirect" title="Messier 33">M 33</a></b> </p> <hr /> <p><i>Bakmak istediğiniz cisminin resmini seçiniz</i> </p> <div align="center"> <figure class="noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-top-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Messier_Katalo%C4%9Fu" title="Messier nesneleri kataloğu"><img alt="Messier nesneleri kataloğu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/tr/thumb/8/8d/Messier_nesneleri.jpg/850px-Messier_nesneleri.jpg" decoding="async" width="850" height="900" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/tr/thumb/8/8d/Messier_nesneleri.jpg/1275px-Messier_nesneleri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/tr/8/8d/Messier_nesneleri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="1800" usemap="#ImageMap_c697deb765e6cbe6" resource="/wiki/Dosya:Messier_nesneleri.jpg" /></a><map name="ImageMap_c697deb765e6cbe6"><area href="/wiki/Yenge%C3%A7_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="50,38,125,112" alt="M1" title="M1" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_2" shape="rect" coords="125,38,200,112" alt="Messier 2" title="Messier 2" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_3" shape="rect" coords="200,38,275,112" alt="Messier 3" title="Messier 3" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_4" shape="rect" coords="275,38,350,112" alt="Messier 4" title="Messier 4" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_5" shape="rect" coords="350,38,425,112" alt="Messier 5" title="Messier 5" /><area href="/wiki/Kelebek_(y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1zk%C3%BCmesi)" shape="rect" coords="425,38,500,112" alt="Kelebek" title="Kelebek" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_7" shape="rect" coords="500,38,575,112" alt="Messier 7" title="Messier 7" /><area href="/wiki/Deniz_Kula%C4%9F%C4%B1_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="575,38,650,112" alt="Deniz Kulağı Bulutsusu" title="Deniz Kulağı Bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_9" shape="rect" coords="650,38,725,112" alt="Messier 9" title="Messier 9" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_10" shape="rect" coords="725,38,800,112" alt="Messier 10" title="Messier 10" /><area href="/wiki/Yaban_%C3%96rde%C4%9Fi_(y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1zk%C3%BCmesi)" shape="rect" coords="50,113,125,187" alt="Yaban Ördeği" title="Yaban Ördeği" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_12" shape="rect" coords="125,113,200,187" alt="Messier 12" title="Messier 12" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_13" shape="rect" coords="200,113,275,187" alt="Messier 13" title="Messier 13" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_14" shape="rect" coords="275,113,350,187" alt="Messier 14" title="Messier 14" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_15" shape="rect" coords="350,113,425,187" alt="Messier 15" title="Messier 15" /><area href="/wiki/Kartal_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="425,113,500,187" alt="Kartal Bulutsusu" title="Kartal Bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/Omega_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="500,113,575,187" alt="Omega Bulutsusu" title="Omega Bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_18" shape="rect" coords="575,113,650,187" alt="Messier 18" title="Messier 18" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_19" shape="rect" coords="650,113,725,187" alt="Messier 19" title="Messier 19" /><area href="/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%A7_Bo%C4%9Fumlu_Bulutsu" shape="rect" coords="725,113,800,187" alt="Üç Boğumlu Bulutsu" title="Üç Boğumlu Bulutsu" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_21" shape="rect" coords="50,188,125,262" alt="Messier 21" title="Messier 21" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_22" shape="rect" coords="125,188,200,262" alt="Messier 22" title="Messier 22" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_23" shape="rect" coords="200,188,275,262" alt="Messier 23" title="Messier 23" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_24" shape="rect" coords="275,188,350,262" alt="Messier 24" title="Messier 24" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_25" shape="rect" coords="350,188,425,262" alt="Messier 25" title="Messier 25" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_26" shape="rect" coords="425,188,500,262" alt="Messier 26" title="Messier 26" /><area href="/wiki/Halter_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="500,188,575,262" alt="Halter Bulutsusu" title="Halter Bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_28" shape="rect" coords="575,188,650,262" alt="Messier 28" title="Messier 28" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_29" shape="rect" coords="650,188,725,262" alt="Messier 29" title="Messier 29" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_30" shape="rect" coords="725,188,800,262" alt="Messier 30" title="Messier 30" /><area href="/wiki/Andromeda_Galaksisi" shape="rect" coords="50,263,125,337" alt="Andromeda Galaksisi" title="Andromeda Galaksisi" /><area href="/wiki/NGC_221" shape="rect" coords="125,263,200,337" alt="NGC 221" title="NGC 221" /><area href="/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%A7gen_Galaksisi" shape="rect" coords="200,263,275,337" alt="Üçgen Galaksisi" title="Üçgen Galaksisi" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_34" shape="rect" coords="275,263,350,337" alt="Messier 34" title="Messier 34" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_35" shape="rect" coords="350,263,425,337" alt="Messier 35" title="Messier 35" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_36" shape="rect" coords="425,263,500,337" alt="Messier 36" title="Messier 36" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_37" shape="rect" coords="500,263,575,337" alt="Messier 37" title="Messier 37" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_38" shape="rect" coords="575,263,650,337" alt="Messier 38" title="Messier 38" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_39" shape="rect" coords="650,263,725,337" alt="Messier 39" title="Messier 39" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_40" shape="rect" coords="725,263,800,337" alt="Messier 40" title="Messier 40" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_41" shape="rect" coords="50,338,125,412" alt="Messier 41" title="Messier 41" /><area href="/wiki/Orion_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="125,338,200,412" alt="Orion Bulutsusu" title="Orion Bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_43" shape="rect" coords="200,338,275,412" alt="Messier 43" title="Messier 43" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_44" shape="rect" coords="275,338,350,412" alt="Messier 44" title="Messier 44" /><area href="/wiki/%C3%9Clker_(y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_k%C3%BCmesi)" shape="rect" coords="350,338,425,412" alt="Ülker" title="Ülker" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_46" shape="rect" coords="425,338,500,412" alt="Messier 46" title="Messier 46" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_47" shape="rect" coords="500,338,575,412" alt="Messier 47" title="Messier 47" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_48" shape="rect" coords="575,338,650,412" alt="Messier 48" title="Messier 48" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_49" shape="rect" coords="650,338,725,412" alt="Messier 49" title="Messier 49" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_50" shape="rect" coords="725,338,800,412" alt="Messier 50" title="Messier 50" /><area href="/wiki/Girdap_g%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" shape="rect" coords="50,413,125,487" alt="Girdap gökadası" title="Girdap gökadası" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_52" shape="rect" coords="125,413,200,487" alt="Messier 52" title="Messier 52" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_53" shape="rect" coords="200,413,275,487" alt="Messier 53" title="Messier 53" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_54" shape="rect" coords="275,413,350,487" alt="Messier 54" title="Messier 54" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_55" shape="rect" coords="350,413,425,487" alt="Messier 55" title="Messier 55" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_56" shape="rect" coords="425,413,500,487" alt="Messier 56" title="Messier 56" /><area href="/wiki/Halka_bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="500,413,575,487" alt="Halka bulutsusu" title="Halka bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_58" shape="rect" coords="575,413,650,487" alt="Messier 58" title="Messier 58" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_59" shape="rect" coords="650,413,725,487" alt="Messier 59" title="Messier 59" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_60" shape="rect" coords="725,413,800,487" alt="Messier 60" title="Messier 60" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_61" shape="rect" coords="50,488,125,562" alt="Messier 61" title="Messier 61" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_62" shape="rect" coords="125,488,200,562" alt="Messier 62" title="Messier 62" /><area href="/wiki/Ay%C3%A7i%C3%A7e%C4%9Fi_G%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" shape="rect" coords="200,488,275,562" alt="Ayçiçeği Gökadası" title="Ayçiçeği Gökadası" /><area href="/wiki/Siyah_G%C3%B6z_G%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" shape="rect" coords="275,488,350,562" alt="Siyah Göz Gökadası" title="Siyah Göz Gökadası" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_65" shape="rect" coords="350,488,425,562" alt="Messier 65" title="Messier 65" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_66" shape="rect" coords="425,488,500,562" alt="Messier 66" title="Messier 66" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_67" shape="rect" coords="500,488,575,562" alt="Messier 67" title="Messier 67" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_68" shape="rect" coords="575,488,650,562" alt="Messier 68" title="Messier 68" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_69" shape="rect" coords="650,488,725,562" alt="Messier 69" title="Messier 69" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_70" shape="rect" coords="725,488,800,562" alt="Messier 70" title="Messier 70" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_71" shape="rect" coords="50,563,125,637" alt="Messier 71" title="Messier 71" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_72" shape="rect" coords="125,563,200,637" alt="Messier 72" title="Messier 72" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_73" shape="rect" coords="200,563,275,637" alt="Messier 73" title="Messier 73" /><area href="/wiki/NGC_628" shape="rect" coords="275,563,350,637" alt="NGC 628" title="NGC 628" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_75" shape="rect" coords="350,563,425,637" alt="Messier 75" title="Messier 75" /><area href="/wiki/K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Halter_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="425,563,500,637" alt="Küçük Halter Bulutsusu" title="Küçük Halter Bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/NGC_1068" shape="rect" coords="500,563,575,637" alt="NGC 1068" title="NGC 1068" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_78" shape="rect" coords="575,563,650,637" alt="Messier 78" title="Messier 78" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_79" shape="rect" coords="650,563,725,637" alt="Messier 79" title="Messier 79" /><area href="/wiki/NGC_6093" shape="rect" coords="725,563,800,637" alt="NGC 6093" title="NGC 6093" /><area href="/wiki/NGC_3031" shape="rect" coords="50,638,125,712" alt="NGC 3031" title="NGC 3031" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_82" shape="rect" coords="125,638,200,712" alt="Messier 82" title="Messier 82" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_83" shape="rect" coords="200,638,275,712" alt="Messier 83" title="Messier 83" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_84" shape="rect" coords="275,638,350,712" alt="Messier 84" title="Messier 84" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_85" shape="rect" coords="350,638,425,712" alt="Messier 85" title="Messier 85" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_86" shape="rect" coords="425,638,500,712" alt="Messier 86" title="Messier 86" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_87" shape="rect" coords="500,638,575,712" alt="Messier 87" title="Messier 87" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_88" shape="rect" coords="575,638,650,712" alt="Messier 88" title="Messier 88" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_89" shape="rect" coords="650,638,725,712" alt="Messier 89" title="Messier 89" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_90" shape="rect" coords="725,638,800,712" alt="Messier 90" title="Messier 90" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_91" shape="rect" coords="50,713,125,787" alt="Messier 91" title="Messier 91" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_92" shape="rect" coords="125,713,200,787" alt="Messier 92" title="Messier 92" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_93" shape="rect" coords="200,713,275,787" alt="Messier 93" title="Messier 93" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_94" shape="rect" coords="275,713,350,787" alt="Messier 94" title="Messier 94" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_95" shape="rect" coords="350,713,425,787" alt="Messier 95" title="Messier 95" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_96" shape="rect" coords="425,713,500,787" alt="Messier 96" title="Messier 96" /><area href="/wiki/Bayku%C5%9F_Bulutsusu" shape="rect" coords="500,713,575,787" alt="Baykuş Bulutsusu" title="Baykuş Bulutsusu" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_98" shape="rect" coords="575,713,650,787" alt="Messier 98" title="Messier 98" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_99" shape="rect" coords="650,713,725,787" alt="Messier 99" title="Messier 99" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_100" shape="rect" coords="725,713,800,787" alt="Messier 100" title="Messier 100" /><area href="/wiki/F%C4%B1r%C4%B1ldak_Galaksisi" shape="rect" coords="50,788,125,862" alt="Fırıldak Galaksisi" title="Fırıldak Galaksisi" /><area href="/wiki/NGC_5866" shape="rect" coords="125,788,200,862" alt="NGC 5866" title="NGC 5866" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_103" shape="rect" coords="200,788,275,862" alt="Messier 103" title="Messier 103" /><area href="/wiki/Sombrero_G%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" shape="rect" coords="275,788,350,862" alt="Sombrero Gökadası" title="Sombrero Gökadası" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_105" shape="rect" coords="350,788,425,862" alt="Messier 105" title="Messier 105" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_106" shape="rect" coords="425,788,500,862" alt="Messier 106" title="Messier 106" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_107" shape="rect" coords="500,788,575,862" alt="Messier 107" title="Messier 107" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_108" shape="rect" coords="575,788,650,862" alt="Messier 108" title="Messier 108" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_109" shape="rect" coords="650,788,725,862" alt="Messier 109" title="Messier 109" /><area href="/wiki/Messier_110" shape="rect" coords="725,788,800,862" alt="Messier 110" title="Messier 110" /></map><figcaption>Messier nesneleri kataloğu</figcaption></figure> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="padding: 4px; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; text-align: center; font-size: 95%;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ccf;"><div style="margin: 0 5em;"><a href="/wiki/Yeni_Genel_Katalog" title="Yeni Genel Katalog">NGC cisimleri</a></div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 100%;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:List_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/List_icon.svg/12px-List_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/List_icon.svg/18px-List_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/List_icon.svg/24px-List_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="34" data-file-height="38" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/NGC_cisimleri_listesi" title="NGC cisimleri listesi">Liste</a><br /> </p> <hr /> <div style="font-size:smaller;"> <p><a href="/wiki/NGC_197" title="NGC 197">NGC 197</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_198" title="NGC 198">NGC 198</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_199" title="NGC 199">NGC 199</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_200" title="NGC 200">NGC 200</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_201" title="NGC 201">NGC 201</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_202" title="NGC 202">NGC 202</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_203" title="NGC 203">NGC 203</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_204" title="NGC 204">NGC 204</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_205" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 205">NGC 205</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_206" title="NGC 206">NGC 206</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_207" title="NGC 207">NGC 207</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_208" title="NGC 208">NGC 208</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_209" title="NGC 209">NGC 209</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_210" title="NGC 210">NGC 210</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_211" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 211">NGC 211</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_212" title="NGC 212">NGC 212</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_213" title="NGC 213">NGC 213</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_214" title="NGC 214">NGC 214</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_215" title="NGC 215">NGC 215</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_216" title="NGC 216">NGC 216</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_217" title="NGC 217">NGC 217</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_218" title="NGC 218">NGC 218</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_219" title="NGC 219">NGC 219</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_220" title="NGC 220">NGC 220</a> | <b>NGC 221</b> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_222" title="NGC 222">NGC 222</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_223" title="NGC 223">NGC 223</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_224" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 224">NGC 224</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_225" title="NGC 225">NGC 225</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_226" title="NGC 226">NGC 226</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_227" title="NGC 227">NGC 227</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_228" title="NGC 228">NGC 228</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_229" title="NGC 229">NGC 229</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_230" title="NGC 230">NGC 230</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_231" title="NGC 231">NGC 231</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_232" title="NGC 232">NGC 232</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_233" title="NGC 233">NGC 233</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_234" title="NGC 234">NGC 234</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_235" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 235">NGC 235</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_236" title="NGC 236">NGC 236</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_237" title="NGC 237">NGC 237</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_238" title="NGC 238">NGC 238</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_239" title="NGC 239">NGC 239</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_240" title="NGC 240">NGC 240</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_241" title="NGC 241">NGC 241</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_242" class="mw-redirect" title="NGC 242">NGC 242</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_243" title="NGC 243">NGC 243</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_244" title="NGC 244">NGC 244</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_245" title="NGC 245">NGC 245</a> | <a href="/wiki/NGC_246" title="NGC 246">NGC 246</a> </p> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> </div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&oldid=33415475">https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&oldid=33415475</a>" sayfasından alınmıştır</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Kategoriler" title="Özel:Kategoriler">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Andromeda_tak%C4%B1my%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z%C4%B1" title="Kategori:Andromeda takımyıldızı">Andromeda takımyıldızı</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:C%C3%BCce_galaksiler" title="Kategori:Cüce galaksiler">Cüce galaksiler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:C%C3%BCce_eliptik_galaksiler" title="Kategori:Cüce eliptik galaksiler">Cüce eliptik galaksiler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Yerel_Grup" title="Kategori:Yerel Grup">Yerel Grup</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Andromeda_altgrubu" title="Kategori:Andromeda altgrubu">Andromeda altgrubu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Messier_cisimleri" title="Kategori:Messier cisimleri">Messier cisimleri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:NGC_cisimleri" title="Kategori:NGC cisimleri">NGC cisimleri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:UGC_cisimleri" title="Kategori:UGC cisimleri">UGC cisimleri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:PGC_cisimleri" title="Kategori:PGC cisimleri">PGC cisimleri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Arp_cisimleri" title="Kategori:Arp cisimleri">Arp cisimleri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:1749%27da_ke%C5%9Ffedilen_astronomik_cisimler" title="Kategori:1749'da keşfedilen astronomik cisimler">1749'da keşfedilen astronomik cisimler</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Gizli kategori: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Webar%C5%9Fiv_%C5%9Fablonu_wayback_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar%C4%B1" title="Kategori:Webarşiv şablonu wayback bağlantıları">Webarşiv şablonu wayback bağlantıları</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sayfa en son 20.16, 30 Haziran 2024 tarihinde değiştirildi.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Metin <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tr">Creative Commons Atıf-AynıLisanslaPaylaş Lisansı</a> altındadır ve ek koşullar uygulanabilir. Bu siteyi kullanarak <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/tr">Kullanım Şartlarını</a> ve <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/tr">Gizlilik Politikasını</a> kabul etmiş olursunuz.<br />Vikipedi® (ve Wikipedia®) kâr amacı gütmeyen kuruluş olan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a> tescilli markasıdır.<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Gizlilik politikası</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Hakk%C4%B1nda">Vikipedi hakkında</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Genel_sorumluluk_reddi">Sorumluluk reddi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Davranış Kuralları</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Geliştiriciler</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/tr.wikipedia.org">İstatistikler</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Çerez politikası</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//tr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NGC_221&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobil görünüm</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-v89px","wgBackendResponseTime":163,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.420","walltime":"0.804","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2544,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":88663,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4820,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":58217,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 489.934 1 -total"," 40.45% 198.179 1 Şablon:Kaynakça"," 23.91% 117.153 1 Şablon:Galaksi_bilgi_kutusu"," 23.18% 113.588 1 Şablon:Bilgi_kutusu"," 16.08% 78.789 20 Şablon:Dergi_kaynağı"," 14.74% 72.223 1 Şablon:Messier_cisimleri"," 13.99% 68.562 1 Şablon:Messier_nav"," 10.83% 53.063 4 Şablon:Web_kaynağı"," 9.88% 48.398 1 Şablon:Andromeda"," 9.23% 45.229 1 Şablon:Dolaşım"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.177","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3997195,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-8cb5f4d85-lx4h6","timestamp":"20241126174222","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"NGC 221","url":"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NGC_221","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q13720","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q13720","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia projelerine katk\u0131da bulunanlar"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-01-13T19:10:43Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/5d\/M32.jpg","headline":"c\u00fcce galaksi"}</script> </body> </html>