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class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 132</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: volcanic eruption</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Climate Change as Wicked Problems towards Sustainable Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Padash">Amin Padash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehran%20Khodaparast"> Mehran Khodaparast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadat%20Khodaparast"> Saadat Khodaparast</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. Climate change is caused by factors such as biotic processes, variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics, and volcanic eruptions. Certain human activities have also been identified as significant causes of recent climate change, often referred to as “Global Warming”. The ultimate goal of this paper is to determine how climate change affects the style of life and all of our activities. The paper focuses on what the effects of humans are on climate change and how communities can achieve sustainable development and use resources in a way that is good for the ecosystem and public. We opine Climate Change is a vital issue that can be called “Wicked Problem”. This paper attempts to address this wicked problem by COMPRAM Methodology as one of the possible solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COMPRAM" title=" COMPRAM"> COMPRAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20influences" title=" human influences"> human influences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wicked%20problems" title=" wicked problems"> wicked problems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26746/climate-change-as-wicked-problems-towards-sustainable-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26746.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Investigation on Natural Pollution Sources to Arsenic in around of Hashtrood City, East Azerbayjan Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azita%20Behbahaninia">Azita Behbahaninia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil and surface and ground waters pollution to arsenic (As) due to its high potential for food cycle entrance, has high risk for human safety. Also, this pollution can cause quality and quantity decreasing of agricultural products or some lesions in farm animals that due to low knowledge, its reason is unknown, but can relate to As pollution. This study was conducted to investigate level of soil and water pollution by As in Hashtrood city. Based on the region’s information, the surface and ground waters, soil, river sediments, and rock were sampled and analyzed for physico-chemical and As in lab. There are significant differences for mean contents between As in the samples and crust. The maximum levels of As were observed in fly ash sample. Consequently, As pollution was related to geogenic and volcanic eruptions in this region. These mechanisms are diagnosed as As pollution in the region: As release for the rock units, As sorption by oxide minerals in aerobic and acidic to neutral conditions, desorption from oxide surfaces with pH increasing, increasing of As concentration in solution, and consequently pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arsenic" title="arsenic">arsenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flyash" title=" flyash"> flyash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwater" title=" groundwater"> groundwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53753/investigation-on-natural-pollution-sources-to-arsenic-in-around-of-hashtrood-city-east-azerbayjan-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> early childhood, high stakes: a casse report.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ould%20Ali%20R.L">Ould Ali R.L</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bensadok%20S"> Bensadok S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrabet%20S"> Mrabet S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Fouatih%20N"> Ahmed Fouatih N</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the terminology of Angle, the functional mandibular prognathism belongs to the class III malocclusion. Considered as a functional anomaly with considerable aesthetic prejudice, it needs to be detected and treated early to prevent it from becoming skeletal anomaly. With this in mind, early treatment enables a correct anterior guide to be restored quickly, and above all to rehabilitate craniofacial growth. Material and methodology Patient G.H, aged 11 years, who was treated in the Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics at Oran University Hospital. He presented with functional mandibular prognathism and a sever crowding, which put the upper canines at risk of impaction. Results The orthodontic treatment of this case was divided into two distinct phases, the first of which aimed to correct the functionnal mandibular prognathism and thus re-establish a correct anterior articulation, using a Biourge appliance. The second phase aimed to create the needed space for the eruption of the upper canines, thus eliminating the risk of impaction thanks to multi-attachment fixed therapy. Conclusion Through this clinical case, we have once again been able to demonstrate the value of early caring for young patients. Although these are simple methods, the key is to know how to introduce them in the right way and at the right time. It would therefore seem useful to democratise this type of practice as part of the day-to-day management carried out in the dental practice. We'll finish by quoting Jean Rotrou, the French poet, who said ‘When you can prevent, it's weakness to wait’. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20mandibular%20prognathism" title="functional mandibular prognathism">functional mandibular prognathism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20treatment" title=" early treatment"> early treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impaction" title=" impaction"> impaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontics" title=" orthodontics"> orthodontics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196225/early-childhood-high-stakes-a-casse-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Endocrine Disruptors In Odontostomatology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beghdadi%20Chafika">Beghdadi Chafika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrabet%20Sonia"> Mrabet Sonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kassas%20Ahmed"> Kassas Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bensadok%20Saadia"> Bensadok Saadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Fouatih%20Noureddine"> Ahmed Fouatih Noureddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moulai%20Aissa"> Moulai Aissa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increasing daily exposure to a wide range of chemical substances is impacting the health of human beings and ecosystems. These include endocrine-disrupting substances. "An endocrine disruptor is an exogenous substance or mixture that alters the functions of the endocrine system and induces harmful effects on the health of an intact organism. Unfortunately, endocrine disruptors (ED) are everywhere, even in certain materials and products used in healthcare. The oral manifestations of endocrinopathies may initially be discovered by the dental surgeon during a routine consultation. The dental surgeon must be advised to recognize the clinical picture and evoke the underlying endocrine pathology. A endocrine disruptor can affect facial growth by interfering with the production or action of these hormones. They are associated with reduced facial size, altered facial shape and abnormal tooth development. Failed or delayed eruption leads to insufficient vertical height and length of the arches, resulting in crowding. Molar hypomineralization (MIH) has been linked to exposure to endocrine disruptors. Another problem is that dentists use materials available to them that are ED (amalgam, composite resin, adhesives, resin prostheses, certain toothpastes). Lastly, prevention means first and foremost implementing technologies that eliminate endocrine disruptors or use less dangerous substitutes, and taking action on processes that eliminate or limit as far as possible atmospheric emissions or the use of endocrine disruptors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endocrine%20disruptors" title="endocrine disruptors">endocrine disruptors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facial%20growth" title=" facial growth"> facial growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mih" title=" mih"> mih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormones%20de%20croissance" title=" hormones de croissance"> hormones de croissance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196234/endocrine-disruptors-in-odontostomatology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Analysis of the Elastic Energy Released and Characterization of the Eruptive Episodes Intensity’s during 2014-2015 at El Reventador Volcano, Ecuador </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pa%C3%BAl%20I.%20Cornejo">Paúl I. Cornejo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The elastic energy released through Strombolian explosions has been quite studied, detailing various processes, sources, and precursory events at several volcanoes. We realized an analysis based on the relative partitioning of the elastic energy radiated into the atmosphere and ground by Strombolian-type explosions recorded at El Reventador volcano, using infrasound and seismic signals at high and moderate seismicity episodes during intense eruptive stages of explosive and effusive activity. Our results show that considerable values of Volcano Acoustic-Seismic Ratio (VASR or η) are obtained at high seismicity stages. VASR is a physical diagnostic of explosive degassing that we used to compare eruption mechanisms at El Reventador volcano for two datasets of explosions recorded at a Broad-Band BB seismic and infrasonic station located at ~5 kilometers from the vent. We conclude that the acoustic energy EA released during explosive activity (VASR η = 0.47, standard deviation σ = 0.8) is higher than the EA released during effusive activity; therefore, producing the highest values of η. Furthermore, we realized the analysis and characterization of the eruptive intensity for two episodes at high seismicity, calculating a η three-time higher for an episode of effusive activity with an occasional explosive component (η = 0.32, and σ = 0.42), than a η for an episode of only effusive activity (η = 0.11, and σ = 0.18), but more energetic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effusive" title="effusive">effusive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosion%20quakes" title=" explosion quakes"> explosion quakes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosive" title=" explosive"> explosive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Strombolian" title=" Strombolian"> Strombolian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VASR" title=" VASR"> VASR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77095/analysis-of-the-elastic-energy-released-and-characterization-of-the-eruptive-episodes-intensitys-during-2014-2015-at-el-reventador-volcano-ecuador" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Safe School Program in Indonesia: Questioning Whether It Is Too Hard to Succeed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ida%20Ngurah">Ida Ngurah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indonesia is one of the most prone disaster countries, which has earthquake, tsunami or high wave, flood and landslide as well as volcano eruption and drought. Disaster risk reduction has been developing extensively and comprehensively, particularly after tsunami hit in 2004. Yet, saving people live including children and youth from disaster risk is still far from succeed. Poor management of environment, poor development of policy and high level of corruption has become challenges for Indonesia to save its people from disaster impact. Indonesia is struggling to ensure its future best investment, children and youth to have better protection when disaster strike in school hours and have basic knowledge on disaster risk reduction. The program of safe school is being initiated and developed by Plan Indonesia since 2010, yet this effort still needs to be elaborated. This paper is reviewing sporadic safe school programs that have been implemented or currently being implemented Plan Indonesia in few areas of Indonesia, including both rural and urban setting. Methods used are in-depth interview with dedicated person for the program from Plan Indonesia and its implementing patners and analysis of project documents. The review includes program’s goal and objectives, implementation activity, result and achievement as well as its monitoring and evaluation scheme. Moreover, paper will be showing challenges, lesson learned and best practices of the program. Eventually, paper will come up with recommendation for strategy for better implementation of safe school program in Indonesia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20impact" title="disaster impact">disaster impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safe%20school" title=" safe school"> safe school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=programs" title=" programs"> programs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth" title=" youth"> youth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24875/safe-school-program-in-indonesia-questioning-whether-it-is-too-hard-to-succeed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Geothermal Resources of Saudi Arabia: An Update</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aref%20Lashin">Aref Lashin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Saudi Arabia vision of 2030 calls for the diversification of energy sources in the Kingdom. Accordingly, Saudi Arabia has launched a promising plan aims to gradually power the major industrial activities in country by renewable and low carbon energy sources. The geothermal sources are among the promising renewable sources that can support the achievement of the country vision and energy mix plan. Saudi Arabia is enriched with several geothermal resources especially in the western and southwestern regions along the Red Sea region. This paper will give an overview on the different geothermal resources (Hydrothermal, Harrats volcanic eruptions and hot dry rocks) of Saudi Arabia, their categories and classifications as well as the different exploration (Geophysical, geological, geochemical, etc) and drilling enhanced during the last few decades. The economic viability and the possible contribution of geothermal resources in the future of renewable energy of Saudi Arabia is discussed. Some case studies from Jizan, Al-Lith, Harrats and Midyan areas are demonstrated. Scenarios of different low and high geothermal applications for possible power generations, as well as other low-grade utilizations, e.g. direct use, district heating & cooling, medical therapy, etc., are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KSA%20vison%202023" title="KSA vison 2023">KSA vison 2023</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20mix" title=" energy mix"> energy mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20resources" title=" geothermal resources"> geothermal resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applications" title=" applications"> applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192169/geothermal-resources-of-saudi-arabia-an-update" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> R Software for Parameter Estimation of Spatio-Temporal Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Budi%20Nurani%20Ruchjana">Budi Nurani Ruchjana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atje%20Setiawan%20Abdullah"> Atje Setiawan Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Gede%20Nyoman%20Mindra%20Jaya"> I. Gede Nyoman Mindra Jaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eddy%20Hermawan"> Eddy Hermawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose the application package to estimate parameters of spatiotemporal model based on the multivariate time series analysis using the R open-source software. We build packages mainly to estimate the parameters of the Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) model. GSTAR is a combination of time series and spatial models that have parameters vary per location. We use the method of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and use the Mean Average Percentage Error (MAPE) to fit the model to spatiotemporal real phenomenon. For case study, we use oil production data from volcanic layer at Jatibarang Indonesia or climate data such as rainfall in Indonesia. Software R is very user-friendly and it is making calculation easier, processing the data is accurate and faster. Limitations R script for the estimation of model parameters spatiotemporal GSTAR built is still limited to a stationary time series model. Therefore, the R program under windows can be developed either for theoretical studies and application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GSTAR%20Model" title="GSTAR Model">GSTAR Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAPE" title=" MAPE"> MAPE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OLS%20method" title=" OLS method"> OLS method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20production" title=" oil production"> oil production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%20software" title=" R software"> R software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62320/r-software-for-parameter-estimation-of-spatio-temporal-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Spectral Re-Evaluation of the Magnetic Basement Depth over Yola Arm of Upper Benue Trough Nigeria Using Aeromagnetic Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emberga%20Terhemb%20Opara%20Alexander">Emberga Terhemb Opara Alexander</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selemo%20Alexader"> Selemo Alexader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onyekwuru%20Samuel"> Onyekwuru Samuel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aeromagnetic data have been used to re-evaluate parts of the Upper Benue Trough Nigeria using spectral analysis technique in order to appraise the mineral accumulation potential of the area. The regional field was separated with a first order polynomial using polyfit program. The residual data was subdivided into 24 spectral blocks using OASIS MONTAJ software program. Two prominent magnetic depth source layers were identified. The deeper source depth values obtained ranges from 1.56km to 2.92km with an average depth of 2.37km as the magnetic basement depth while for the shallower sources, the depth values ranges from -1.17km to 0.98km with an average depth of 0.55km. The shallow depth source is attributed to the volcanic rocks that intruded the sedimentary formation and this could possibly be responsible for the mineralization found in parts of the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20analysis" title="spectral analysis">spectral analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Upper%20Benue%20Trough" title=" Upper Benue Trough"> Upper Benue Trough</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20basement%20depth" title=" magnetic basement depth"> magnetic basement depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aeromagnetic" title=" aeromagnetic"> aeromagnetic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27913/spectral-re-evaluation-of-the-magnetic-basement-depth-over-yola-arm-of-upper-benue-trough-nigeria-using-aeromagnetic-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Effect of Weathering on the Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Sediments of the Hyper Saline Urmia Salt Lake, Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samad%20Alipour">Samad Alipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadije%20Mosavi%20Onlaghi"> Khadije Mosavi Onlaghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urmia Salt Lake (USL) is a hypersaline lake in the northwest of Iran. It contains halite as main dissolved and precipitated mineral and the major mineral mixed with lake bed sediments. Other detrital minerals such as calcite, aragonite, dolomite, quartz, feldspars, augite are forming lake sediments. This study examined the impact of weathering of this sediments collected from 1.5 meters depth and augite placers. The study indicated that weathering of tephritic and adakite rocks of the Islamic Island at the immediate boundary of the lake play a main control of lake bed sediments and has produced a large volume of augite placer along the lake bank. Weathering increases from south to toward north with increasing distance from Islamic Island. Geochemistry of lake sediments demonstrated the enrichment of MgO, CaO, Sr with an elevated anomaly of Eu, possibly due to surface absorbance of Mn and Fe associated Sr elevation originating from adakite volcanic rocks in the vicinity of the lake basin. The study shows the local geology is the major factor in origin of lake sediments than chemical and biochemical produced mineral during diagenetic processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urmia%20Lake" title="Urmia Lake">Urmia Lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weathering" title=" weathering"> weathering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogy" title=" mineralogy"> mineralogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augite" title=" augite"> augite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54597/effect-of-weathering-on-the-mineralogy-and-geochemistry-of-sediments-of-the-hyper-saline-urmia-salt-lake-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Paleopalynology as an Analysis Tool to Measure the Resilience of the Ecosystems of the Western Mediterranean and Their Adaptation to Climate Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Ismael%20Roman%20Moreno">F. Ismael Roman Moreno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisca%20Alba%20Sanchez"> Francisca Alba Sanchez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over time, the plant landscape has changed as a result of the numerous events on a global and local scale that have happened. This is the case of the Mediterranean ecosystems, one of the most complex and rich in endemisms on the planet, subjected to anthropic pressures from the beginning of civilizations. The intervention in these systems together with climate changes has led to changes in diversity, tree cover, shrub, and ultimately in the structure and functioning of these ecosystems. Paleopalinology is used as a tool for analysis of pollen and non-pollen microfossils preserved in the flooded grasslands of the Middle Atlas (Morocco). This allows reconstructing the evolution of vegetation and climate, as well as providing data and reasoning to different ecological, cultural and historical processes. Although climatic and anthropic events are well documented in Europe, they are not so well documented in North Africa, which gives added value to the study area. The results obtained serve to predict the behavior and evolution of Mediterranean mountain ecosystems during the Holocene, their response to future changes, resilience, and recovery from climatic and anthropic disturbances. In the stratigraphic series analyzed, nine major events were detected, eight of which appeared to be of climatic and anthropic origin, and one unexpected, related to volcanic activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropic" title="anthropic">anthropic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holocene" title=" Holocene"> Holocene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paleopalynology" title=" paleopalynology"> paleopalynology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title=" resilience"> resilience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102634/paleopalynology-as-an-analysis-tool-to-measure-the-resilience-of-the-ecosystems-of-the-western-mediterranean-and-their-adaptation-to-climate-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Risk Factors and Epidemiological Aspects of Cleft Lip and Palate and Associated Orthodontic Anomalies in Western Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beghdadi%20Chafika">Beghdadi Chafika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrabet%20Sonia"> Mrabet Sonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heroual%20Nabila"> Heroual Nabila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Fouatih%20Noureddine"> Ahmed Fouatih Noureddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Cleft lip and palate are the most common congenital malformations of the orofacial sphere, accounting for one in every 700 births worldwide. They have a multifactorial origin, requiring multidisciplinary intervention from birth to adulthood. In the absence of work in Algeria on this pathology, we undertook a study to describe the epidemiological aspects and determine the risk factors. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study from February 2018 to June 2021, including all cleft patients referred to and or followed up for management at the ODF/ CHU d'Oran department. Results: 260 patients were included. Males predominated (sex ratio=1.17). The mean age of the patients was 1.65 ± 2.6 years, most of whom lived in Oran. The mean age of the mothers was 32.5 years, and 37 years for the fathers. More than half of all cases had cleft lip and palate, with a predominance on the left side. Consanguinity was found in 20%. Mothers had more medical history than fathers. Stress, emotional shock, active smoking in the father, low socio-economic status, and vitamin deficiency in the mother were the most common factors. Both dentitions were affected by various dental anomalies, the most frequent of which was a numerical anomaly (31.6%), followed by the delayed eruption (23.1%) with the absence of inclusion and transposition. All functions have been disrupted to varying degrees, depending on the severity of the damage. Because of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of clefts, any disturbance during embryogenesis alters the course of the latter, leading to congenital anomalies. Conclusion: The study enabled us to draw up a profile of cleft lip and palate and to identify certain risk factors to guide the main lines of prevention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cleft%20lip%20and%20palate" title="cleft lip and palate">cleft lip and palate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20anomalies" title=" dental anomalies"> dental anomalies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontics" title=" orthodontics"> orthodontics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195870/risk-factors-and-epidemiological-aspects-of-cleft-lip-and-palate-and-associated-orthodontic-anomalies-in-western-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">13</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Chemical Composition, Petrology and P-T Conditions of Ti-Mg-Biotites within Syenitic Rocks from the Lar Igneous Suite, East of Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasan%20Ghafaribijar">Sasan Ghafaribijar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javad%20Hakimi"> Javad Hakimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Arvin"> Mohsen Arvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peyman%20Tahernezhad"> Peyman Tahernezhad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Lar Igneous Suite (LIS), east of Iran, is part of post collisional alkaline magmatism related to Late Cretaceous- mid Eocene Sistan suture zone. The suite consists of a wide variety of igneous rocks, from volcanic to intrusive and hypabissal rocks such as tuffs, trachyte, monzonite, syenites and lamprophyres. Syenitic rocks which mainly occur in a giant ring dike and stocks, are shoshonitic to potassic-ultrapotassic (K<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O > 2 wt.%; MgO > 3 wt.%; K<sub>2</sub>O > 3 wt.%) in composition and are also associated with Cu-Mo mineralization. In this study, chemical composition of biotites within the Lar syenites (LS) is determined by electron microprobe analysis. The results show that LS biotites are Ti-Mg-biotites (phlogopite) which contain relatively high Ti and Mg, and low Fe concentrations. The Mg/(Fe<sup>2+</sup>+ Mg) ratio in these biotites range between 0.56 and 0.73 that represent their transitionally chemical evolution. TiO<sub>2</sub> content in these biotites is high and in the range of 3.0-5.4 wt.%. These chemical characteristics indicate that the LS biotites are primary and have been crystallized directly from magma. The investigations also demonstrate that the LS biotites have crystallized from a magma of orogenic nature. Temperature and pressure are the most significant factors controlling Mg and Ti content in the LS biotites, respectively. The results show that the LS biotites crystallized at temperatures (T) between 800 to 842 °C and pressures (P) between 0.99 to 1.44 kbar. These conditions are indicative of a crystallization depth of 3.26-4.74 km. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sistan%20suture%20zone" title="sistan suture zone">sistan suture zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lar%20Igneous%20Suite" title=" Lar Igneous Suite"> Lar Igneous Suite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zahedan" title=" zahedan"> zahedan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syenite" title=" syenite"> syenite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotite" title=" biotite"> biotite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109121/chemical-composition-petrology-and-p-t-conditions-of-ti-mg-biotites-within-syenitic-rocks-from-the-lar-igneous-suite-east-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109121.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Placer Gold Deposits in Madari Gold Mine, Southern Eastern Desert, Egypt: Orientation, Source and Distribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Sedki">Tarek Sedki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Madari gold mine is delineated by latitudes 22° 30' 29" and 22° 32' 33" N and longitudes 36° 24' 03" and 35°11' 44" E. Geologically, Madari rock units are classified into dismembered ophiolites, arc volcanic assemblage, syntectonic metagabbro-diorites and Mineralized quartz diorite and granodiorite<span dir="RTL">.</span> Deposition of gold in area occurred as a direct result of weathering of nearby gold-bearing veins. Main concentrations of gold are supposed to ensue close to the bed rock. Nevertheless, the several shallow channel-fill features covering lag deposits, arising throughout the alluvial fan sequence would definitely contain a percentage of the finer gold due to the limited washing and sorting capacity of the uncommon flood events. Gold deposits arise as disseminated and separate gold with limited pyrite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite everywhere veins in the wall rocks and lode gold deposits in quartz veins. In places, the wall rocks, in near district of the quartz vein, are grieved strong silicification, chloritization and pyritization as a result of a metasomatic alteration due to purification of external hydrothermal fluids. Quartz veins are mostly steeply dipping and display banding features and frequently sheared and brecciated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madari%20gold%20mine" title="Madari gold mine">Madari gold mine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=placer%20deposits" title=" placer deposits"> placer deposits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=southern%20eastern%20desert" title=" southern eastern desert"> southern eastern desert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20mineralization" title=" gold mineralization"> gold mineralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quartz%20veins" title=" quartz veins"> quartz veins</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133148/placer-gold-deposits-in-madari-gold-mine-southern-eastern-desert-egypt-orientation-source-and-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Characteristics and Key Exploration Directions of Gold Deposits in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Wang">Bin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Xu"> Yong Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Honggang%20Qu"> Honggang Qu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rongmei%20Liu"> Rongmei Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenji%20Gao"> Zhenji Gao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the geodynamic environment, basic geological characteristics of minerals and so on, gold deposits in China are divided into 11 categories, of which tectonic fracture altered rock, mid-intrudes and contact zone, micro-fine disseminated and continental volcanic types are the main prospecting kinds. The metallogenic age of gold deposits in China is dominated by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. According to the geotectonic units, geological evolution, geological conditions, spatial distribution, gold deposits types, metallogenic factors etc., 42 gold concentration areas are initially determined and have a concentrated distribution feature. On the basis of the gold exploration density, gold concentration areas are divided into high, medium and low level areas. High ones are mainly distributed in the central and eastern regions. 93.04% of the gold exploration drillings are within 500 meters, but there are some problems, such as less and shallower of drilling verification etc.. The paper discusses the resource potentials of gold deposits and proposes the future prospecting directions and suggestions. The deep and periphery of old mines in the central and eastern regions and western area, especially in Xinjiang and Qinghai, will be the future key prospecting one and have huge potential gold reserves. If the exploration depth is extended to 2,000 meters shallow, the gold resources will double. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20deposits" title="gold deposits">gold deposits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20deposits%20types" title=" gold deposits types"> gold deposits types</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20concentration%20areas" title=" gold concentration areas"> gold concentration areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prospecting" title=" prospecting"> prospecting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20potentiality" title=" resource potentiality"> resource potentiality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167347/characteristics-and-key-exploration-directions-of-gold-deposits-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Volcanoscape Space Configuration Zoning Based on Disaster Mitigation by Utilizing GIS Platform in Mt. Krakatau Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vega%20Erdiana%20Dwi%20Fransiska">Vega Erdiana Dwi Fransiska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abyan%20Rai%20Fauzan%20Machmudin"> Abyan Rai Fauzan Machmudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Particularly, space configuration zoning is the very first juncture of a complete space configuration and region planning. Zoning is aimed to define discrete knowledge based on a local wisdom. Ancient predecessor scientifically study the sign of natural disaster towards ethnography approach by operating this knowledge. There are three main functions of space zoning, which are control function, guidance function, and additional function. The control function refers to an instrument for development control and as one of the essentials in controlling land use. Hence, the guidance function indicates as guidance for proposing operational planning and technical development or land usage. Any additional function is useful as a supplementary for region or province planning details. This phase likewise accredits to define boundary in an open space based on geographical appearance. Informant who is categorized as an elder lives in earthquake prone area, to be precise the area is the surrounding of Mount Krakatau. The collected data is one of method for analyzed with thematic model. Later on, it will be verified. In space zoning, long-range distance sensor is applied to determine visualization of the area, which will be zoned before the step of survey to validate the data. The data, which is obtained from long-range distance sensor and site survey, will be overlaid using GIS Platform. Comparing the knowledge based on a local wisdom that is well known by elderly in that area, some of it is relevant to the research, while the others are not. Based on the site survey, the interpretation of a long-range distance sensor, and determining space zoning by considering various aspects resulted in the pattern map of space zoning. This map can be integrated with disaster mitigation affected by volcano eruption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly" title="elderly">elderly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS%20platform" title=" GIS platform"> GIS platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20wisdom" title=" local wisdom"> local wisdom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20zoning" title=" space zoning"> space zoning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41085/volcanoscape-space-configuration-zoning-based-on-disaster-mitigation-by-utilizing-gis-platform-in-mt-krakatau-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Investigating the Potential for Introduction of Warm Mix Asphalt in Kuwait Using the Volcanic Ash</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Al-Baghli">H. Al-Baghli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Al-Asfour"> F. Al-Asfour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current applied asphalt technology for Kuwait roads pavement infrastructure is the hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement, including both pen grade and polymer modified bitumen (PMBs), that is produced and compacted at high temperature levels ranging from 150 to 180 °C. There are no current specifications for warm and cold mix asphalts in Kuwait’s Ministry of Public Works (MPW) asphalt standard and specifications. The process of the conventional HMA is energy intensive and directly responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases and other environmental hazards into the atmosphere leading to significant environmental impacts and raising health risk to labors at site. Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technology, a sustainable alternative preferred in multiple countries, has many environmental advantages because it requires lower production temperatures than HMA by 20 to 40 °C. The reduction of temperatures achieved by WMA originates from multiple technologies including foaming and chemical or organic additives that aim to reduce bitumen and improve mix workability. This paper presents a literature review of WMA technologies and techniques followed by an experimental study aiming to compare the results of produced WMA samples, using a water containing additive (foaming process), at different compaction temperatures with the HMA control volumetric properties mix designed in accordance to the new MPW’s specifications and guidelines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warm-mix%20asphalt" title="warm-mix asphalt">warm-mix asphalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-bearing%20additives" title=" water-bearing additives"> water-bearing additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foaming-based%20process" title=" foaming-based process"> foaming-based process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20additives" title=" chemical additives"> chemical additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20additives" title=" organic additives"> organic additives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132050/investigating-the-potential-for-introduction-of-warm-mix-asphalt-in-kuwait-using-the-volcanic-ash" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Geological Structure as the Main Factor in Landslide Deployment in Purworejo District Central Java Province Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilman%20Agil%20Satria">Hilman Agil Satria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezky%20Naufan%20Hendrawan"> Rezky Naufan Hendrawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indonesia is vulnerable to geological hazard because of its location in subduction zone and have tropical climate. Landslide is one of the most happened geological hazard in Indonesia, based on Indonesia Geospasial data, at least 194 landslides recorded in 2013. In fact, research location is placed as the third city that most happened landslide in Indonesia. Landslide caused damage of many houses and wrecked the road. The purpose of this research is to make a landslide zone therefore can be used as one of mitigation consideration. The location is in Bruno, Porworejo district Central Java Province Indonesia at 109.903 – 109.99 and -7.59 – -7.50 with 10 Km x 10 Km wide. Based on geological mapping result, the research location consist of Late Miocene sandstone and claystone, and Pleistocene volcanic breccia and tuff. Those landslide happened in the lithology that close with fault zone. This location has so many geological structures: joints, faults and folds. There are 3 thrust faults, 1 normal faults, 4 strike slip faults and 6 folds. This geological structure movement is interpreted as the main factor that has triggered landslide in this location. This research use field data as well as samples of rock, joint, slicken side and landslide location which is combined with DEM SRTM to analyze geomorphology. As the final result of combined data will be presented as geological map, geological structure map and landslide zone map. From this research we can assume that there is correlation between geological structure and landslide locations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geological%20structure" title="geological structure">geological structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landslide" title=" landslide"> landslide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Porworejo" title=" Porworejo"> Porworejo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia "> Indonesia </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1960/geological-structure-as-the-main-factor-in-landslide-deployment-in-purworejo-district-central-java-province-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low-lying areas: Coastal Evolution and Impact of Future Sea Level Rise Scenarios in Mirabello Gulf - NE Crete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Kazantzaki">Maria Kazantzaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangelos%20Tsakalos"> Evangelos Tsakalos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleni%20Filippaki"> Eleni Filippaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yannis%20Bassiakos"> Yannis Bassiakos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mediterranean areas are characterized by intense seismic and volcanic activity as well as eustatic changes, the result of which is the creation of particularly vulnerable coastal zones. The most vulnerable are low-lying coastal areas, the geomorphological evolution of which are highly affected by natural processes and anthropogenic interventions. Therefore, assessing changes that take place along coastal zones is of great importance in order to enable the development of integrated coastal management plans. A characteristic case is the gulf of Mirabello in N.E Crete, where intense coastal erosion, in combination with the tectonic subsidence of the area, threatens a large part of the coastal zone, resulting in direct socio-economic impacts. The present study assesses the temporal geomorphological changes that have taken place in the coastal zone of Mirabello gulf to provide a clear frame of the coastal zone evolution over time and performs a vulnerability assessment based on the coastal vulnerability index (CVI) methodology by Thieler and Hammar-Klose, considering geological features, coastal slope, relative sea-level change, shoreline erosion/accretion rates and mean significant wave height as well as mean tide range in the area. In light of this, an impact assessment, based on three different sea level rise scenarios, is also performed and presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20vulnerability%20index" title="coastal vulnerability index">coastal vulnerability index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20erosion" title=" coastal erosion"> coastal erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20level%20rise" title=" sea level rise"> sea level rise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142205/sea-level-rise-and-implications-for-low-lying-areas-coastal-evolution-and-impact-of-future-sea-level-rise-scenarios-in-mirabello-gulf-ne-crete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Isolation of a Bacterial Community with High Removal Efficiencies of the Insecticide Bendiocarb</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eusebio%20A.%20Jim%C3%A9nez-Ar%C3%A9valo">Eusebio A. Jiménez-Arévalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deifilia%20Ahuatzi-Chac%C3%B3n"> Deifilia Ahuatzi-Chacón</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juvencio%20Gal%C3%ADndez-Mayer"> Juvencio Galíndez-Mayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cleotilde%20Ju%C3%A1rez-Ram%C3%ADrez"> Cleotilde Juárez-Ramírez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Ruiz-Ordaz"> Nora Ruiz-Ordaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bendiocarb is a known toxic xenobiotic that presents acute and chronic risks for freshwater invertebrates and estuarine and marine biota; thus, the treatment of water contaminated with the insecticide is of concern. In this paper, a bacterial community with the capacity to grow in bendiocarb as its sole carbon and nitrogen source was isolated by enrichment techniques in batch culture, from samples of a composting plant located in the northeast of Mexico City. Eight cultivable bacteria were isolated from the microbial community, by PCR amplification of 16 rDNA; <em>Pseudoxanthomonas spadix</em> (NC_016147.2, 98%), <em>Ochrobacterium anthropi</em> (NC_009668.1, 97%), <em>Staphylococcus capitis</em> (NZ_CP007601.1, 99%), <em>Bosea thiooxidans</em>. (NZ_LMAR01000067.1, 99%), <em>Pseudomonas denitrificans</em>. (NC_020829.1, 99%), <em>Agromyces </em>sp. (NZ_LMKQ01000001.1, 98%), <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em>. (NC_022873.1, 97%), <em>Pseudomonas alkylphenolia </em>(NZ_CP009048.1, 98%). NCBI accession numbers and percentage of similarity are indicated in parentheses. These bacteria were regarded as the isolated species for having the best similarity matches. The ability to degrade bendiocarb by the immobilized bacterial community in a packed bed biofilm reactor, using as support volcanic stone fragments (tezontle), was evaluated. The reactor system was operated in batch using mineral salts medium and 30 mg/L of bendiocarb as carbon and nitrogen source. With this system, an overall removal efficiency (η<sub>bend</sub>) rounding 90%, was reached. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bendiocarb" title="bendiocarb">bendiocarb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradation" title=" biodegradation"> biodegradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm%20reactor" title=" biofilm reactor"> biofilm reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbamate%20insecticide" title=" carbamate insecticide"> carbamate insecticide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55702/isolation-of-a-bacterial-community-with-high-removal-efficiencies-of-the-insecticide-bendiocarb" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Modeling and Estimating Reserve of the Ali Javad Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposit, East Azerbaijan, Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Hajalilou">Behzad Hajalilou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasim%20Hajalilou"> Nasim Hajalilou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeid%20Ansari"> Saeid Ansari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study area is located in East Azerbaijan province, north of Ahar city, and 1/100000 geological map of Varzgan. This region is located in the middle of Iran zone. Ali Javad Porphyry copper-gold ore deposit has been created in a magmatic complex containing intrusive masses, combining Granodiorite and quartz Monzonite that penetrates into the Eocene volcanic aggregate. The most important mineralization includes primary oxides minerals (magnetite), sulfide (pyrite, chalcopyrite, Molybdenite, Bornite, Chalcocite, Covollite), secondary oxide or hydroxide minerals (hematite, goethite, limonite), and carbonate (malachite and Azurite). The mineralization forms into the vein-veinlets and scattered system. The alterations observed in the region include intermediate Argillic, advanced Argillic, Phyllic, silica, Propylitic, chlorite and Potassic. The 3D model of mineralization of the Alijavad is provided by Data DATAMINE software and based on the study of 700 polished sections of 32 drilled boreholes in the region. This model is completely compatible with the model provided by Lowell and Gilbert for the mineralization of porphyry copper deposits of quartz Monzonite type. The estimated cumulative residual value of copper for Ali Javad deposit is 81.5 million tons with 0.75 percent of copper, and for gold is 8.37 million tons with 1.8 ppm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porphyry%20copper" title="porphyry copper">porphyry copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralization" title=" mineralization"> mineralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Javad" title=" Ali Javad"> Ali Javad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reserve%20estimation" title=" reserve estimation"> reserve estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83584/modeling-and-estimating-reserve-of-the-ali-javad-porphyry-copper-gold-deposit-east-azerbaijan-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Mapping Thermal Properties Using Resistivity, Lithology and Thermal Conductivity Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riccardo%20Pasquali">Riccardo Pasquali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keith%20Harlin"> Keith Harlin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Muller"> Mark Muller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ShallowTherm project is focussed on developing and applying a methodology for extrapolating relatively sparsely sampled thermal conductivity measurements across Ireland using mapped Litho-Electrical (LE) units. The primary data used consist of electrical resistivities derived from the Geological Survey Ireland Tellus airborne electromagnetic dataset, GIS-based maps of Irish geology, and rock thermal conductivities derived from both the current Irish Ground Thermal Properties (IGTP) database and a new programme of sampling and laboratory measurement. The workflow has been developed across three case-study areas that sample a range of different calcareous, arenaceous, argillaceous, and volcanic lithologies. Statistical analysis of resistivity data from individual geological formations has been assessed and integrated with detailed lithological descriptions to define distinct LE units. Thermal conductivity measurements from core and hand samples have been acquired for every geological formation within each study area. The variability and consistency of thermal conductivity measurements within each LE unit is examined with the aim of defining a characteristic thermal conductivity (or range of thermal conductivities) for each LE unit. Mapping of LE units, coupled with characteristic thermal conductivities, provides a method of defining thermal conductivity properties at a regional scale and facilitating the design of ground source heat pump closed-loop collectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title="thermal conductivity">thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20source%20heat%20pumps" title=" ground source heat pumps"> ground source heat pumps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title=" resistivity"> resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchange" title=" heat exchange"> heat exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shallow%20geothermal" title=" shallow geothermal"> shallow geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ireland" title=" Ireland"> Ireland</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130116/mapping-thermal-properties-using-resistivity-lithology-and-thermal-conductivity-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Association between Caries Status of First Permanent Molar with Oral Health Care Practice in Children Aged 9-12 Years in Lubuk Kilangan, Padang City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cytha%20Nilam%20Chairani">Cytha Nilam Chairani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ditha%20Noviantika"> Ditha Noviantika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hidayati%20Amir"> Hidayati Amir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Khairiyah"> Nurul Khairiyah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Rahmadita"> Siti Rahmadita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadila%20Khairani"> Fadila Khairani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Dental caries is one of the most common diseases with high prevalence in children. The first permanent molar (FPM) has an essential role in establishing the occlusion. Nevertheless, FPM is very prone to caries because of various factors, such as their anatomical structure and early emergence in oral cavity. It is due to the little knowledge from parents and children regarding the timing of emergence of FPM in oral cavity which is still considered as primary teeth. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge from parents and children may affect their oral hygiene practice resulting to carious process. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the status of FPM caries and its association with children’s oral hygiene practice in 9-12-year-old school children in Lubuk Kilangan Community Health Centre, Padang City. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 school children (9-12 years old) using random sampling technique from two randomly selected schools in Lubuk Kilangan Community Health Centre, Padang City. A questionnaire was developed from other studies consisting of four closed ended questions regarding oral health practice. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using Mann-Whitney Test to assess the status of FPM caries and its association with children’s oral hygiene practice. Results: The results showed that 32% of children had FPMs sound and the remaining 68% had FPMs carious which were grouped into 1-2 FPMs carious (60%) and 3-4 FPMs carious (8%). The caries status of mandibular FPM (64%) was higher compared to maxillary FPM (10%). Conclusion: There was significant association in subject who did not visit dentist in the last 6 months which had more carious FPMs compared to subject who visited dentist (p < 0.05). There was no significant association between the status of FPM caries and knowledge of the timing eruption of FPM, oral hygiene instruction from parents and tooth brushing (p > 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20caries" title="dental caries">dental caries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first%20permanent%20molar" title=" first permanent molar"> first permanent molar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20hygiene%20practice" title=" oral hygiene practice"> oral hygiene practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71581/association-between-caries-status-of-first-permanent-molar-with-oral-health-care-practice-in-children-aged-9-12-years-in-lubuk-kilangan-padang-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Exceptionally Glauconite-Rich Strata from the Miocene Bejaoua Facies of Northern Tunisia: Origin, Composition, and Depositional Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelbasset%20Tounekti">Abdelbasset Tounekti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Boukhalfa"> Kamel Boukhalfa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tathagata%20Roy%20Choudhury"> Tathagata Roy Choudhury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Soussi"> Mohamed Soussi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santanu%20Banerjee"> Santanu Banerjee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The exceptionally glauconite-rich Miocene strata are superbly exposed throughout the front of the nappes zone of northern Tunisia. Each of the glauconitic fine-grained intervals coincide with the peak rise of third order sea-level cycles during the Burdigalian-Langhiantime. These deposits show coarsening- and thickening-upward glauconitic shale and sandstone, recording a shallowing upward progression across offshore-shoreface settings. Petrographic investigation reveals that the glauconite was originated from the alteration of fecal pellets, and lithoclast including feldspar, volcanic particle, and quartz and infillings with intraparticle pores. Mineralogical analysis of both randomly oriented and air-dried, ethylene-glycolate, and heated glauconite pellets show the low intensity of (002) reflection peaks, indicating high iron substitution for aluminum in octahedral sites. Geochemical characterization of the Miocene glauconite reveals a high K2O and variable Fe2O3 (total) content. A combination of layer lattice and divertissement theories explains the origin of glauconite. The formation of glauconite was facilitated by the abundant supply of Fe through contemporaneous volcanism in Algeria and surrounding areas, which accompanied the African-European plate convergence. Therefore, the occurrence of glauconite in the Miocene succession of Tunisia is influenced by the combination of eustacy and volcanism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glauconite" title="glauconite">glauconite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autogenic" title=" autogenic"> autogenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volcanism" title=" volcanism"> volcanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemistry" title=" geochemistry"> geochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chamosite" title=" chamosite"> chamosite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=northern%20Tunisia" title=" northern Tunisia"> northern Tunisia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miocene" title=" miocene"> miocene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142848/exceptionally-glauconite-rich-strata-from-the-miocene-bejaoua-facies-of-northern-tunisia-origin-composition-and-depositional-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Fluoranthene Removal in Wastewater Using Biological and Physico-Chemical Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelica%20Salmeron%20Alcocer">Angelica Salmeron Alcocer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deifilia%20Ahuatzi%20Chacon"> Deifilia Ahuatzi Chacon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Rodriguez%20Casasola"> Felipe Rodriguez Casasola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are produced naturally (forest fires, volcanic eruptions) and human activity (burning fossil fuels). Concern for PAHs is due to their toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects and so pose a potential risk to human health and ecology. Therefore these are considered the most toxic components of oil, they are highly hydrophobic, making them easily depositable on the floor, air and water. One method of removing PAHs of contaminated soil used surfactants such as Tween 80, which it has been reported as less toxic and also increases the solubility of the PAH compared to other surfactants, fluoranthene is a PAH with molecular formula C16H10, its name derives from the fluorescence which presents to UV light. In this paper, a study of the fluoranthene removal solubilized with Tween 80 in synthetic wastewater using a microbial community (isolated from soil of coffee plantations in the state of Veracruz, Mexico) and Fenton oxidation method was performed. The microbial community was able to use both tween 80 and fluoranthene as carbon sources for growth, when the biological treatment in batch culture was applied, 100% of fluoranthene was mineralized, this only occurred at an initial concentration of 100 ppm, but by increasing the initial concentration of fluoranthene the removal efficiencies decay and degradation time increases due to the accumulation of byproducts more toxic or less biodegradable, however when the Fenton oxidation was previously applied to the biological treatment, it was observed that removal of fluoranthene improved because it is consumed approximately 2.4 times faster. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluoranthene" title="fluoranthene">fluoranthene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycyclic%20aromatic%20hydrocarbons" title=" polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons"> polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20treatment" title=" biological treatment"> biological treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fenton%20oxidation" title=" fenton oxidation"> fenton oxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57380/fluoranthene-removal-in-wastewater-using-biological-and-physico-chemical-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Estimation of Natural Pozzolan Reserves in the Volcanic Province of the Moroccan Middle Atlas Using a Geographic Information System in Order to Valorize Them</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Balizi">Brahim Balizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayoub%20Aziz"> Ayoub Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelilah%20Bellil"> Abdelilah Bellil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellali%20El%20Khadiri"> Abdellali El Khadiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Mabrouki"> Jamal Mabrouki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mio-polio-quaternary volcanism of the Tabular Middle Atlas, which corresponds to prospective levels of exploitable usable raw minerals, is a feature of Morocco's Middle Atlas, especially the Azrou-Timahdite region. Given their importance in national policy in terms of human development by supporting the sociological and economic component, this area has consequently been the focus of various research and prospecting of these levels in order to develop these reserves. The outcome of this labor is a massive amount of data that needs to be managed appropriately because it comes from multiple sources and formats, including side points, contour lines, geology, hydrogeology, hydrology, geological and topographical maps, satellite photos, and more. In this regard, putting in place a Geographic Information System (GIS) is essential to be able to offer a side plan that makes it possible to see the most recent topography of the area being exploited, to compute the volume of exploitation that occurs every day, and to make decisions with the fewest possible restrictions in order to use the reserves for the realization of ecological light mortars The three sites' mining will follow the contour lines in five steps that are six meters high and decline. It is anticipated that each quarry produces about 90,000 m3/year. For a single quarry, this translates to a daily production of about 450 m3 (200 days/year). About 3,540,240 m3 and 10,620,720 m3, respectively, represent the possible net exploitable volume in place for a single quarry and the three exploitable zones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title="GIS">GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topography" title=" topography"> topography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploitation" title=" exploitation"> exploitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quarrying" title=" quarrying"> quarrying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweight%20mortar" title=" lightweight mortar"> lightweight mortar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190234/estimation-of-natural-pozzolan-reserves-in-the-volcanic-province-of-the-moroccan-middle-atlas-using-a-geographic-information-system-in-order-to-valorize-them" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">34</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Hg Anomalies and Soil Temperature Distribution to Delineate Upflow and Outflow Zone in Bittuang Geothermal Prospect Area, south Sulawesi, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adhitya%20Mangala">Adhitya Mangala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yobel"> Yobel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bittuang geothermal prospect area located at Tana Toraja district, South Sulawesi. The geothermal system of the area related to Karua Volcano eruption product. This area has surface manifestation such as fumarole, hot springs, sinter silica and mineral alteration. Those prove that there are hydrothermal activities in the subsurface. However, the project and development of the area have not implemented yet. One of the important elements in geothermal exploration is to determine upflow and outflow zone. This information very useful to identify the target for geothermal wells and development which it is a risky task. The methods used in this research were Mercury (Hg) anomalies in soil, soil and manifestation temperature distribution and fault fracture density from 93 km² research area. Hg anomalies performed to determine the distribution of hydrothermal alteration. Soil and manifestation temperature distribution were conducted to estimate heat distribution. Fault fracture density (FFD) useful to determine fracture intensity and trend from surface observation. Those deliver Hg anomaly map, soil and manifestation temperature map that combined overlayed to fault fracture density map and geological map. Then, the conceptual model made from north – south, and east – west cross section to delineate upflow and outflow zone in this area. The result shows that upflow zone located in northern – northeastern of the research area with the increase of elevation and decrease of Hg anomalies and soil temperature. The outflow zone located in southern - southeastern of the research area which characterized by chloride, chloride - bicarbonate geothermal fluid type, higher soil temperature, and Hg anomalies. The range of soil temperature distribution from 16 – 19 °C in upflow and 19 – 26.5 °C in the outflow. The range of Hg from 0 – 200 ppb in upflow and 200 – 520 ppb in the outflow. Structural control of the area show northwest – southeast trend. The boundary between upflow and outflow zone in 1550 – 1650 m elevation. This research delivers the conceptual model with innovative methods that useful to identify a target for geothermal wells, project, and development in Bittuang geothermal prospect area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bittuang%20geothermal%20prospect%20area" title="Bittuang geothermal prospect area">Bittuang geothermal prospect area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hg%20anomalies" title=" Hg anomalies"> Hg anomalies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20temperature" title=" soil temperature"> soil temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upflow%20and%20outflow%20zone" title=" upflow and outflow zone"> upflow and outflow zone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72738/hg-anomalies-and-soil-temperature-distribution-to-delineate-upflow-and-outflow-zone-in-bittuang-geothermal-prospect-area-south-sulawesi-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Age Estimation from Upper Anterior Teeth by Pulp/Tooth Ratio Using Peri-Apical X-Rays among Egyptians</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Mohamed%20Magdy%20Badr%20El%20Dine">Fatma Mohamed Magdy Badr El Dine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20Mohamed%20Abd%20Allah"> Amr Mohamed Abd Allah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Age estimation of individuals is one of the crucial steps in forensic practice. Different traditional methods rely on the length of the diaphysis of long bones of limbs, epiphyseal-diaphyseal union, fusion of the primary ossification centers as well as dental eruption. However, there is a growing need for the development of precise and reliable methods to estimate age, especially in cases where dismembered corpses, burnt bodies, purified or fragmented parts are recovered. Teeth are the hardest and indestructible structure in the human body. In recent years, assessment of pulp/tooth area ratio, as an indirect quantification of secondary dentine deposition has received a considerable attention. However, scanty work has been done in Egypt in terms of applicability of pulp/tooth ratio for age estimation. Aim of the Work: The present work was designed to assess the Cameriere’s method for age estimation from pulp/tooth ratio of maxillary canines, central and lateral incisors among a sample from Egyptian population. In addition, to formulate regression equations to be used as population-based standards for age determination. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted on 270 peri-apical X-rays of maxillary canines, central and lateral incisors (collected from 131 males and 139 females aged between 19 and 52 years). The pulp and tooth areas were measured using the Adobe Photoshop software program and the pulp/tooth area ratio was computed. Linear regression equations were determined separately for canines, central and lateral incisors. Results: A significant correlation was recorded between the pulp/tooth area ratio and the chronological age. The linear regression analysis revealed a coefficient of determination (R² = 0.824 for canine, 0.588 for central incisor and 0.737 for lateral incisor teeth). Three regression equations were derived. Conclusion: As a conclusion, the pulp/tooth ratio is a useful technique for estimating age among Egyptians. Additionally, the regression equation derived from canines gave better result than the incisors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age%20determination" title="age determination">age determination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canines" title=" canines"> canines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20incisors" title=" central incisors"> central incisors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20incisors" title=" lateral incisors"> lateral incisors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulp%2Ftooth%20ratio" title=" pulp/tooth ratio"> pulp/tooth ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83832/age-estimation-from-upper-anterior-teeth-by-pulptooth-ratio-using-peri-apical-x-rays-among-egyptians" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Mapping Soils from Terrain Features: The Case of Nech SAR National Park of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shetie%20Gatew">Shetie Gatew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current soil maps of Ethiopia do not represent accurately the soils of Nech Sar National Park. In the framework of studies on the ecology of the park, we prepared a soil map based on field observations and a digital terrain model derived from SRTM data with a 30-m resolution. The landscape comprises volcanic cones, lava and basalt outflows, undulating plains, horsts, alluvial plains and river deltas. SOTER-like terrain mapping units were identified. First, the DTM was classified into 128 terrain classes defined by slope gradient (4 classes), relief intensity (4 classes), potential drainage density (2 classes), and hypsometry (4 classes). A soil-landscape relation between the terrain mapping units and WRB soil units was established based on 34 soil profile pits. Based on this relation, the terrain mapping units were either merged or split to represent a comprehensive soil and terrain map. The soil map indicates that Leptosols (30 %), Cambisols (26%), Andosols (21%), Fluvisols (12 %), and Vertisols (9%) are the most widespread Reference Soil Groups of the park. In contrast, the harmonized soil map of Africa derived from the FAO soil map of the world indicates that Luvisols (70%), Vertisols (14%) and Fluvisols (16%) would be the most common Reference Soil Groups. However, these latter mapping units are not consistent with the topography, nor did we find such extensive areas occupied by Luvisols during the field survey. This case study shows that with the now freely available SRTM data, it is possible to improve current soil information layers with relatively limited resources, even in a complex terrain like Nech Sar National Park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=andosols" title="andosols">andosols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cambisols" title=" cambisols"> cambisols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20elevation%20model" title=" digital elevation model"> digital elevation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptosols" title=" leptosols"> leptosols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil-landscaps%20relation" title=" soil-landscaps relation"> soil-landscaps relation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178285/mapping-soils-from-terrain-features-the-case-of-nech-sar-national-park-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Phytochemical Analyses of Strychnos Potatorum Seed and Double Blind Placebo Controlled Human Pathogenetic Trail of Strychnos Potatorum 6 - An Unexplored Drug Source in Homoeopathy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajat%20Chattopadhyay">Rajat Chattopadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangita%20Saha"> Sangita Saha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharmistha%20Gupta"> Sharmistha Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaushik%20Bhar"> Kaushik Bhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suman%20Chakraborty"> Suman Chakraborty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rationale (Back Ground and Aim): Strychnos potatorum L.f (SP), a medicinal plant, belongs to genus Strychnos,(of Loganiaceae family, that include a large number of medicinal plants) the richest genus of medicinal plants of Loganiaceae family. Study revealed that only 12 Strychnos species are indigenous and are remain unexplored till date, except Nux vomica (NV) and SP seed.The former is documented in Pharmacopoeia under all systems of AYUSH and modern system of medicine, while later is placed in Pharmacopoeia under different systems of AYUSH except Homoeopathy. No data till today regarding SP is available in any Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia. So the objective of this physiochemical and clinical study was to search its pathogenesis by HPT and to include this plant as drug source in Homoeopathy. Method: For HPT, SP Seeds were collected, authenticated and followed by ethanolic extraction for chemical analysis. Mother tincture was prepared and potentised to 6CH potency. Double blinded placebo controlled RCT was carried out with Strychnos potatorum 6CH (CTRI/2020/09/027744)on healthy human being of both sexes aged from 18 to 60 years with sample size of 30, keeping Verum: Placebo as 1:1 at CHMCH, Kolkata. Result: Phytochemical assessment revealed presence of terpenoid and significant amount of alkaloid in the ethanolic extract. For HPT, 30 apparent healthy provers were screened from registered 37 volunteers. HPT shows: No changes were appeared in 5provers (Placebo group). 2 provers, (one each from verum and placebo group) were terminated owing to intercurrent illness. Among verum group 2 provers produced constipation with stool on every alternate day, 2 provers had difficulty in inspiration and this condition was aggravated by lying down and relieved in open air. 6 provers developed eruption (itching with red rash) in different parts of body. Conclusion: This HPT revealed pathogenetic property of Strychnos potatorum 6CH.Further multicentric study for validation of the proving symptoms which may prove its effectivity in the recent viral outbreak. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strychnos%20potatorum" title="strychnos potatorum">strychnos potatorum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homoeopathy" title=" homoeopathy"> homoeopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20drug" title=" new drug"> new drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HP" title=" HP"> HP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198614/phytochemical-analyses-of-strychnos-potatorum-seed-and-double-blind-placebo-controlled-human-pathogenetic-trail-of-strychnos-potatorum-6-an-unexplored-drug-source-in-homoeopathy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volcanic%20eruption&page=2" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volcanic%20eruption&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volcanic%20eruption&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">3</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volcanic%20eruption&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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