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Amos 1:8 I will cut off the ruler of Ashdod and the one who wields the scepter in Ashkelon. I will turn My hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines will perish," says the Lord GOD.

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I will turn my hand against Ekron, till the last of the Philistines are dead,&#8221 says the Sovereign LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/amos/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />I will slaughter the people of Ashdod and destroy the king of Ashkelon. Then I will turn to attack Ekron, and the few Philistines still left will be killed,&#8221; says the Sovereign LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/amos/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />I will cut off the inhabitants from Ashdod, and him who holds the scepter from Ashkelon; I will turn my hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish,&#8221; says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/amos/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />I will cut off the ruler of Ashdod and the one who wields the scepter in Ashkelon. I will turn My hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines will perish,&#8221; says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/amos/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ashkelon, and I will turn mine hand against Ekron: and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/amos/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, And the one who holds the scepter from Ashkelon; I will turn My hand against Ekron, And the remnant of the Philistines shall perish,&#8221; Says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/amos/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />&#8220;I will also eliminate <i>every</i> inhabitant from Ashdod, As well as him who holds the scepter, from Ashkelon; And I will direct My power against Ekron, And the remnant of the Philistines will perish,&#8221; Says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/amos/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220I will also cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, And him who holds the scepter, from Ashkelon; I will even unleash My power upon Ekron, And the remnant of the Philistines will perish,&#8221 Says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/amos/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />&#8220;I will also cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, And him who holds the scepter, from Ashkelon; I will even unleash My power upon Ekron, And the remnant of the Philistines will perish,&#8221; Says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/amos/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />I will also cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod And him who holds the scepter from Ashkelon; I will even turn My hand against Ekron, And the remnant of the Philistines will perish,&#8221; Says Lord Yahweh.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/amos/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />&#8220;And I will cut off <i>and</i> destroy the inhabitants from Ashdod, And the ruler who holds the scepter, from Ashkelon; And I will unleash My power <i>and</i> turn My hand [in judgment] against Ekron, And the rest of the Philistines [in Gath and the towns dependent on these four Philistine cities] shall die,&#8221; Says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/amos/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />I will cut off the ruler from Ashdod, and the one who wields the scepter from Ashkelon. I will also turn my hand against Ekron, and the remainder of the Philistines will perish. The Lord GOD has spoken.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/amos/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />I will cut off the ruler from Ashdod, and the one who wields the scepter from Ashkelon. I will also turn My hand against Ekron, and the remainder of the Philistines will perish. The Lord GOD has spoken. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/amos/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ashkelon; and I will turn my hand against Ekron; and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord Jehovah.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/amos/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />I will destroy the king of Ashdod and the ruler of Ashkelon. I will strike down Ekron, and that will be the end of the Philistines. I, the LORD, have spoken! <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/amos/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ashkelon; and I will turn mine hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/amos/1.htm">GOD'S WORD&reg; Translation</a></span><br />I will cut off those living in Ashdod and the one who holds the scepter in Ashkelon. I will turn my power against Ekron. The rest of the Philistines will die. The Almighty LORD has said this.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/amos/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />I will remove the rulers of the cities of Ashdod and Ashkelon. I will punish the city of Ekron, and all the Philistines who are left will die." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/amos/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />and I will cut off the inhabitants of Ashdod, along with Ashkelon's ruler. I will turn to attack Ekron, and the rest of the Philistines will die," says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/amos/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />I will cut off the ruler of Ashdod and the one who wields the scepter in Ashkelon. I will turn My hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines will perish,? says the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/amos/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />I will remove the ruler from Ashdod, the one who holds the royal scepter from Ashkelon. I will strike Ekron with my hand; the rest of the Philistines will also die." The sovereign LORD has spoken! <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/amos/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him who holds the scepter from Ashkelon; and I will turn my hand against Ekron; and the remnant of the Philistines will perish," says the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/amos/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the scepter from Ashkelon, and I will turn my hand against Ekron: and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/amos/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him who holds the scepter from Ashkelon; and I will turn my hand against Ekron; and the remnant of the Philistines will perish,&#8221; says the Lord Yahweh. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/amos/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And I have cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, "" And a holder of a scepter from Ashkelon, "" And have turned back My hand against Ekron, "" And the remnant of the Philistines have perished,&#8221; said Lord YHWH.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/amos/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And I have cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, And a holder of a sceptre from Ashkelon, And have turned back My hand against Ekron, And perished have the remnant of the Philistines, Said the Lord Jehovah.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/amos/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And I cut off the inhabitants of Ashdod, and him holding the rod from Ashkelon; and I turned back my hand against Ekron: and the remnant of the rovers perished, said the Lord Jehovah.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/amos/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And I will cut off the inhabitant from Azotus, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ascalon: and I will turn my hand against Accaron, and the rest of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord God. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/amos/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And I will destroy the inhabitant from Ashdod, and the holder of the scepter of Ashkelon. And I will turn my hand against Ekron, and the remainder of the Philistines will perish, says the Lord God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/amos/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />From Ashdod I will cut off the one enthroned and the sceptered ruler from Ashkelon; I will turn my hand against Ekron, and the last of the Philistines shall perish, says the Lord GOD. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/amos/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />I will cut off the inhabitants from Ashdod, and the one who holds the scepter from Ashkelon; I will turn my hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, says the Lord GOD.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/amos/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And I will cut off the inhabitants from Ashdod and him that holds the sceptre from Ashkelon, and I will turn my hand against Ekron; and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, says the LORD God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/amos/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And I shall destroy the inhabitant from Ashdod and hold the scepter of Ashqeluun, and I shall turn my hand against Eqrun, and the rest of the Philistines shall be destroyed, says The Lord of Lords<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/amos/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ashkelon; and I will turn My hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord GOD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/amos/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And I will destroy the inhabitants out of Azotus, and a tribe shall be cut off from Ascalon, and I will stretch out my hand upon Accaron: and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/amos/1-8.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/u4uh7eMswjw?start=90" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/amos/1.htm">Judgment on Israel's Neighbors</a></span><br>&#8230;<span class="reftext">7</span>So I will send fire upon the walls of Gaza, to consume its citadels. <span class="reftext">8</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3772.htm" title="3772: w&#601;&#183;hi&#7733;&#183;rat&#183;t&#238; (Conj-w:: V-Hifil-ConjPerf-1cs) -- To cut off, cut down. A primitive root; to cut; by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant.">I will cut off</a> <a href="/hebrew/3427.htm" title="3427: y&#333;&#183;w&#333;&#183;&#353;&#234;&#7687; (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- A primitive root; properly, to sit down; by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry.">the ruler</a> <a href="/hebrew/795.htm" title="795: m&#234;&#183;&#8217;a&#353;&#183;d&#333;&#183;w&#7695; (Prep-m:: N-proper-fs) -- A city of the Philistines. From shadad; ravager; Ashdod, a place in Palestine.">of Ashdod</a> <a href="/hebrew/8551.htm" title="8551: w&#601;&#183;&#7791;&#333;&#183;w&#183;m&#234;&#7733; (Conj-w:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-msc) -- A primitive root; to sustain; by implication, to obtain, keep fast; figuratively, to help, follow close.">and the one who wields</a> <a href="/hebrew/7626.htm" title="7626: &#353;&#234;&#183;&#7687;e&#7789; (N-ms) -- Rod, staff, club, scepter, tribe. From an unused root probably meaning to branch off; a scion, i.e. a stick Or a clan.">the scepter</a> <a href="/hebrew/831.htm" title="831: m&#234;&#183;&#8217;a&#353;&#183;q&#601;&#183;l&#333;&#183;wn (Prep-m:: N-proper-fs) -- A city of the Philistines. Probably from shaqal in the sense of weighing-place; Ashkelon, a place in Palestine.">in Ashkelon.</a> <a href="/hebrew/7725.htm" title="7725: wa&#183;ha&#774;&#183;&#353;&#238;&#183;&#7687;&#333;&#183;w&#183;&#7791;&#238; (Conj-w:: V-Hifil-ConjPerf-1cs) -- A primitive root; to turn back transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively; generally to retreat; often adverbial, again.">I will turn</a> <a href="/hebrew/3027.htm" title="3027: y&#257;&#183;&#7695;&#238; (N-fsc:: 1cs) -- Hand (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)">My hand</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: &#8216;al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">against</a> <a href="/hebrew/6138.htm" title="6138: &#8216;eq&#183;r&#333;&#183;wn (N-proper-fs) -- A Philistine city. From aqar; eradication; Ekron, a place in Palestine.">Ekron,</a> <a href="/hebrew/7611.htm" title="7611: &#353;&#601;&#183;&#8217;&#234;&#183;r&#238;&#7791; (N-fsc) -- Rest, residue, remnant, remainder. From sha'ar; a remainder or residual portion.">and the remnant</a> <a href="/hebrew/6430.htm" title="6430: p&#601;&#183;li&#353;&#183;t&#238;m (N-proper-mp) -- Inhab. of Philistia. Patrial from Plesheth; a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth.">of the Philistines</a> <a href="/hebrew/6.htm" title="6: w&#601;&#183;&#8217;&#257;&#183;&#7687;&#601;&#183;&#7695;&#363; (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-3cp) -- To perish. A primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. Lose oneself; by implication to perish.">will perish,&#8221;</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: &#8217;&#257;&#183;mar (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">says</a> <a href="/hebrew/136.htm" title="136: &#8217;a&#774;&#183;&#7695;&#333;&#183;n&#257;y (N-proper-ms) -- Lord. Am emphatic form of 'adown; the Lord.">the Lord</a> <a href="/hebrew/3069.htm" title="3069: Yah&#183;weh (N-proper-ms) -- YHWH. A variation of Yhovah.">GOD.</a> </span><span class="reftext">9</span>This is what the LORD says: &#8220;For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood.&#8230;<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> &middot; <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/zephaniah/2-4.htm">Zephaniah 2:4-7</a></span><br />For Gaza will be abandoned, and Ashkelon left in ruins. Ashdod will be driven out at noon, and Ekron will be uprooted. / Woe to the dwellers of the seacoast, O nation of the Cherethites! The word of the LORD is against you, O Canaan, land of the Philistines: &#8220;I will destroy you, and no one will be left.&#8221; / So the seacoast will become a land of pastures, with wells for shepherds and folds for sheep. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/47-1.htm">Jeremiah 47:1-7</a></span><br />This is the word of the LORD that came to Jeremiah the prophet about the Philistines before Pharaoh struck down Gaza. / This is what the LORD says: &#8220;See how the waters are rising from the north and becoming an overflowing torrent. They will overflow the land and its fullness, the cities and their inhabitants. The people will cry out, and all who dwell in the land will wail / at the sound of the galloping hooves of stallions, the rumbling of chariots, and the clatter of their wheels. The fathers will not turn back for their sons; their hands will hang limp. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/25-15.htm">Ezekiel 25:15-17</a></span><br />This is what the Lord GOD says: &#8216;Because the Philistines acted in vengeance, taking vengeance with malice of soul to destroy Judah with ancient hostility, / therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: Behold, I will stretch out My hand against the Philistines, and I will cut off the Cherethites and destroy the remnant along the coast. / I will execute great vengeance against them with furious reproof. Then they will know that I am the LORD, when I lay My vengeance upon them.&#8217;&#8221;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/14-29.htm">Isaiah 14:29-31</a></span><br />Do not rejoice, all you Philistines, that the rod that struck you is broken. For a viper will spring from the root of the snake, and a flying serpent from its egg. / Then the firstborn of the poor will find pasture, and the needy will lie down in safety, but I will kill your root by famine, and your remnant will be slain. / Wail, O gate! Cry out, O city! Melt away, all you Philistines! For a cloud of smoke comes from the north, and there are no stragglers in its ranks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/zechariah/9-5.htm">Zechariah 9:5-7</a></span><br />Ashkelon will see and fear; Gaza will writhe in agony, as will Ekron, for her hope will wither. There will cease to be a king in Gaza, and Ashkelon will be uninhabited. / A mixed race will occupy Ashdod, and I will cut off the pride of the Philistines. / I will remove the blood from their mouths and the abominations from between their teeth. Then they too will become a remnant for our God; they will become like a clan in Judah, and Ekron will be like the Jebusites.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joel/3-4.htm">Joel 3:4-8</a></span><br />Now what do you have against Me, O Tyre, Sidon, and all the regions of Philistia? Are you rendering against Me a recompense? If you retaliate against Me, I will swiftly and speedily return your recompense upon your heads. / For you took My silver and gold and carried off My finest treasures to your temples. / You sold the people of Judah and Jerusalem to the Greeks, to send them far from their homeland. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/11-14.htm">Isaiah 11:14</a></span><br />They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines to the west; together they will plunder the sons of the east. They will lay their hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/obadiah/1-19.htm">Obadiah 1:19-21</a></span><br />Those from the Negev will possess the mountains of Esau; those from the foothills will possess the land of the Philistines. They will occupy the fields of Ephraim and Samaria, and Benjamin will possess Gilead. / And the exiles of this host of the Israelites will possess the land of the Canaanites as far as Zarephath; and the exiles from Jerusalem who are in Sepharad will possess the cities of the Negev. / The deliverers will ascend Mount Zion to rule over the mountains of Esau. And the kingdom will belong to the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/83-4.htm">Psalm 83:4-7</a></span><br />saying, &#8220;Come, let us erase them as a nation; may the name of Israel be remembered no more.&#8221; / For with one mind they plot together; they form an alliance against You&#8212; / the tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites, of Moab and the Hagrites, ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/9-12.htm">Isaiah 9:12</a></span><br />Aram from the east and Philistia from the west have devoured Israel with open mouths. Despite all this, His anger is not turned away; His hand is still upraised.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/11-21.htm">Matthew 11:21-24</a></span><br />&#8220;Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. / But I tell you, it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon on the day of judgment than for you. / And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Sodom, it would have remained to this day. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/10-13.htm">Luke 10:13-15</a></span><br />Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. / But it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment than for you. / And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/3-8.htm">Mark 3:8</a></span><br />Jerusalem, Idumea, the region beyond the Jordan, and the vicinity of Tyre and Sidon. The large crowd came to Him when they heard what great things He was doing.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/8-1.htm">Acts 8:1-8</a></span><br />And Saul was there, giving approval to Stephen&#8217;s death. On that day a great persecution broke out against the church in Jerusalem, and all except the apostles were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria. / God-fearing men buried Stephen and mourned deeply over him. / But Saul began to destroy the church. Going from house to house, he dragged off men and women and put them in prison. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/15-21.htm">Matthew 15:21-28</a></span><br />Leaving that place, Jesus withdrew to the district of Tyre and Sidon. / And a Canaanite woman from that region came to Him, crying out, &#8220;Lord, Son of David, have mercy on me! My daughter is miserably possessed by a demon.&#8221; / But Jesus did not answer a word. So His disciples came and urged Him, &#8220;Send her away, for she keeps crying out after us.&#8221; ...</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holds the scepter from Ashkelon, and I will turn my hand against Ekron: and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, said the Lord GOD.</p><p class="hdg">I will cut.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/20-1.htm">Isaiah 20:1</a></b></br> In the year that Tartan came unto Ashdod, (when Sargon the king of Assyria sent him,) and fought against Ashdod, and took it;</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/jeremiah/47-5.htm">Jeremiah 47:5</a></b></br> Baldness is come upon Gaza; Ashkelon is cut off <i>with</i> the remnant of their valley: how long wilt thou cut thyself?</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ezekiel/25-16.htm">Ezekiel 25:16</a></b></br> Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I will stretch out mine hand upon the Philistines, and I will cut off the Cherethims, and destroy the remnant of the sea coast.</p><p class="hdg">turn.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/81-14.htm">Psalm 81:14</a></b></br> I should soon have subdued their enemies, and turned my hand against their adversaries.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/1-25.htm">Isaiah 1:25</a></b></br> And I will turn my hand upon thee, and purely purge away thy dross, and take away all thy tin:</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/zechariah/13-7.htm">Zechariah 13:7</a></b></br> Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man <i>that is</i> my fellow, saith the LORD of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered: and I will turn mine hand upon the little ones.</p><p class="hdg">and the.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/14-29.htm">Isaiah 14:29-31</a></b></br> Rejoice not thou, whole Palestina, because the rod of him that smote thee is broken: for out of the serpent's root shall come forth a cockatrice, and his fruit <i>shall be</i> a fiery flying serpent&#8230; </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/jeremiah/47-4.htm">Jeremiah 47:4,5</a></b></br> Because of the day that cometh to spoil all the Philistines, <i>and</i> to cut off from Tyrus and Zidon every helper that remaineth: for the LORD will spoil the Philistines, the remnant of the country of Caphtor&#8230; </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ezekiel/25-16.htm">Ezekiel 25:16</a></b></br> Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I will stretch out mine hand upon the Philistines, and I will cut off the Cherethims, and destroy the remnant of the sea coast.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/jeremiah/25-20.htm">Ashdod</a> <a href="/jeremiah/47-7.htm">Ashkelon</a> <a href="/jeremiah/47-7.htm">Ash'kelon</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Cut</a> <a href="/ezekiel/44-31.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Destroy</a> <a href="/jeremiah/25-20.htm">Ekron</a> <a href="/joel/3-14.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Holdeth</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Holds</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Inhabitant</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Inhabitants</a> <a href="/hosea/9-6.htm">Last</a> <a href="/hosea/10-7.htm">Perish</a> <a href="/ezekiel/25-16.htm">Philistines</a> <a href="/hosea/13-14.htm">Power</a> <a href="/joel/2-32.htm">Remnant</a> <a href="/hosea/9-16.htm">Rod</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Scepter</a> <a href="/amos/1-5.htm">Sceptre</a> <a href="/joel/3-12.htm">Seated</a> <a href="/daniel/7-14.htm">Sovereign</a> <a href="/amos/1-6.htm">Turn</a> <a href="/joel/3-7.htm">Turned</a> <a href="/ezekiel/13-13.htm">Unleash</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/amos/3-9.htm">Ashdod</a> <a href="/zephaniah/2-4.htm">Ashkelon</a> <a href="/zephaniah/2-4.htm">Ash'kelon</a> <a href="/amos/1-13.htm">Cut</a> <a href="/amos/8-3.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/amos/2-3.htm">Destroy</a> <a href="/zephaniah/2-4.htm">Ekron</a> <a href="/amos/5-19.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/revelation/2-1.htm">Holdeth</a> <a href="/micah/5-11.htm">Holds</a> <a href="/micah/1-11.htm">Inhabitant</a> <a href="/micah/1-11.htm">Inhabitants</a> <a href="/amos/4-2.htm">Last</a> <a href="/amos/2-14.htm">Perish</a> <a href="/amos/6-2.htm">Philistines</a> <a href="/amos/2-14.htm">Power</a> <a href="/amos/5-15.htm">Remnant</a> <a href="/micah/5-1.htm">Rod</a> <a href="/micah/7-14.htm">Scepter</a> <a href="/zechariah/10-11.htm">Sceptre</a> <a href="/micah/7-8.htm">Seated</a> <a href="/amos/3-7.htm">Sovereign</a> <a href="/amos/1-9.htm">Turn</a> <a href="/amos/4-6.htm">Turned</a> <a href="/job/40-11.htm">Unleash</a><div class="vheading2">Amos 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/amos/1-1.htm">The time when Amos prophesied.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">3. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/amos/1-3.htm">He shows God's judgment upon Syria,</a></span><br><span class="reftext">6. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/amos/1-6.htm">upon the Philistines,</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/amos/1-9.htm">upon Tyrus,</a></span><br><span class="reftext">11. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/amos/1-11.htm">upon Edom,</a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/amos/1-13.htm">upon Ammon.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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Cutting off the ruler signifies a decisive judgment against the leadership, indicating a complete overthrow of power. Historically, Ashdod was a center of idol worship, particularly of the god Dagon, which often put it at odds with Israel. This phrase reflects God's judgment against the idolatry and oppression associated with Philistine rule.<p><b>and the one who wields the scepter in Ashkelon.</b><br>Ashkelon, another key Philistine city, was known for its wealth and trade. The scepter symbolizes authority and governance. By targeting the one who wields it, God is declaring the end of Ashkelon's political and military power. This judgment is consistent with the broader biblical theme of God opposing the proud and powerful who defy His will, as seen in other prophetic books like Isaiah and Jeremiah.<p><b>I will turn My hand against Ekron,</b><br>Ekron was a significant Philistine city, often associated with Baal worship. Turning God's hand against Ekron implies direct divine intervention and punishment. This action is part of a pattern where God judges nations for their sins, particularly idolatry and injustice. The phrase echoes similar judgments found in the books of Isaiah and Ezekiel, where God's hand symbolizes His active role in executing justice.<p><b>and the remnant of the Philistines will perish,&#8221;</b><br>The Philistines were long-time adversaries of Israel, often engaging in battles and oppressing the Israelites. The mention of the remnant perishing indicates a total and final judgment, leaving no survivors to continue the Philistine legacy. This prophecy aligns with the broader biblical narrative of God ultimately triumphing over His enemies and establishing His justice.<p><b>says the Lord GOD.</b><br>This declaration underscores the authority and certainty of the prophecy. The use of "Lord GOD" emphasizes His sovereignty and covenantal relationship with Israel. It assures the audience that the prophecy is not merely a human prediction but a divine decree that will surely come to pass, reflecting the consistent biblical theme of God's faithfulness to His word.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/a/ashdod.htm">Ashdod</a></b><br>A major Philistine city, known for its idolatry and opposition to Israel. It was one of the five cities of the Philistine pentapolis.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/a/ashkelon.htm">Ashkelon</a></b><br>Another significant Philistine city, often associated with trade and military strength. It was also part of the Philistine pentapolis.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/e/ekron.htm">Ekron</a></b><br>A Philistine city, known for its worship of the god Baal-Zebub. It was frequently in conflict with Israel.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/p/philistines.htm">Philistines</a></b><br>A group of people who were often in conflict with the Israelites. They occupied the coastal region of Canaan and were known for their military prowess.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_lord_god.htm">The Lord GOD</a></b><br>The sovereign God of Israel, who pronounces judgment on the Philistines through the prophet Amos.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_judgment.htm">God's Sovereignty in Judgment</a></b><br>God is sovereign over all nations, not just Israel. His judgments are just and encompass all peoples who oppose His will.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_consequences_of_idolatry_and_sin.htm">The Consequences of Idolatry and Sin</a></b><br>The Philistines' idolatry and opposition to God's people led to their downfall. This serves as a warning against turning away from God.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_certainty_of_god's_word.htm">The Certainty of God's Word</a></b><br>When God speaks through His prophets, His words are certain and will come to pass. Believers can trust in the reliability of God's promises and warnings.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_call_to_repentance.htm">The Call to Repentance</a></b><br>While the passage speaks of judgment, it also implicitly calls for repentance. Recognizing God's justice should lead us to turn from sin and seek His mercy.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_protection_of_his_people.htm">God's Protection of His People</a></b><br>The judgment against the Philistines also signifies God's protection and vindication of His people. Believers can find comfort in God's care and justice.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_amos_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Amos 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_is_umbanda.htm">What is Ekron's significance in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_is_the_lord's_guidance.htm">What is Ashkelon's biblical significance?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/israel-philistines_relationship.htm">What was the relationship between Israel and the Philistines?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what's_ekron's_role_in_the_bible.htm">What is Ekron's significance in the Bible?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/amos/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 8.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Ashdod</span>, "the Waster," <span class="accented">hod</span>. <span class="accented">Esdud</span>, or <span class="accented">Shdood</span> (called Azotus in <a href="/acts/8-40.htm">Acts 8:40</a>), and still a large village, lay about thirty-five miles north of Gaza, three miles from the sea. <span class="cmt_word">Ashkelon</span> was situated between the two. "Askelon differs from the other celebrated cities of the Philistines, being seated on the sea, while Ekron, Garb, Jamnia, Ashdod, and Gaza are in the interior. It never could have had a harbour of any considerable size, however.... The topography of the place is peculiar. An abrupt ridge begins near the shore, runs up eastward, bends round to the south, then to the west, and finally northwest to the sea again, forming an irregular amphitheatre. On the top of this ridge ran the wall, which was defended at its salient angles by strong towers. The specimens which still exist show that it was very high and thick, built, however, of small stones, and bound together by broken columns of granite and marble. This clearly proves that it is patchwork, and not Askelon's original rampart.... The position is one of the fairest along this part of the Mediterranean coast; and when the interior of the amphitheatre was adorned with splendid temples and palaces, ascending, rank above rank, from the shore to the summit, the appearance from the sea must have been very imposing. Now the whole area is planted over with orchards of the various kinds of fruit which flourish in this region" (Thomson, 'The Land and the Book,' <span class="accented">Southern Palestine</span>, p. 171). In spite of its bad harbour, it carried on a lucrative foreign commerce, which was the chief cause of its power and importance (Ewald, 'Hist. of Israel,' 1:247, Eng. transl.). It was about fifty Roman miles from Jerusalem. In mediaeval times there were two cities of the name, one on the coast (<a href="/jeremiah/47-7.htm">Jeremiah 47:7</a>), the same as Herod's Ascalon, and one inland. In its palmiest days the former could never have had a real harbour ('Survey Memoirs,' 3, pp. 245, 246). <span class="cmt_word">Ekron</span>, <span class="accented">hod</span>. <span class="accented">Akir</span>, was twelve miles northeast of Ashdod, and some nine from the coast. Ashdod was taken by Uzziah (<a href="/2_chronicles/26-6.htm">2 Chronicles 26:6</a>), by the tartan, or commander-in-chief, of Sargon (<a href="/isaiah/20-1.htm">Isaiah 20:1</a>), and by Psammetichus King of Egypt (so. 635), when it sustained a siege of twenty-nine years (Herod., 2:157). Sennacherib, in a cuneiform inscription, records how he treated the two other cities: "Zedekiah King of Ashkelon," he says, "who had not submitted himself to my yoke, himself, the gods of the house of his fathers, his wife, his sons, his daughters, and his brothers, the seed of the house of his fathers, I removed, and I sent him to Assyria. I set over the men of Ashkelon, Sarludari, the son of Rukipti, their former king, and I imposed upon him the payment of tribute, and the homage due to my majesty, and he became a vassal.... I marched against the city of Ekron, and put to death the priests and the chief men who had committed the sin (of rebellion), and I hung up their bodies on stakes all round the city. The citizens who had done wrong and wickedness I counted as a spoil" (Professor Sayce, 'Fresh Light from the Monuments,' pp. 120, 121). <span class="cmt_word">I will turn mine hand;</span> literally, <span class="accented">will bring back my hand</span>; visit again with punishment, or repeat the blow (<a href="/isaiah/1-25.htm">Isaiah 1:25</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/6-9.htm">Jeremiah 6:9</a>; see note on Zechariah 13:7). <span class="cmt_word">The remnant.</span> All the Philistines who had as yet escaped destruction (comp. <a href="/amos/9-12.htm">Amos 9:12</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/6-9.htm">Jeremiah 6:9</a>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/amos/1-8.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">I will cut off</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1493;&#1456;&#1492;&#1460;&#1499;&#1456;&#1512;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1460;&#1444;&#1497;</span> <span class="translit">(w&#601;&#183;hi&#7733;&#183;rat&#183;t&#238;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw &#124; Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3772.htm">Strong's 3772: </a> </span><span class="str2">To cut, to destroy, consume, to covenant</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the ruler</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1497;&#1493;&#1465;&#1513;&#1473;&#1461;&#1489;&#1433;</span> <span class="translit">(y&#333;&#183;w&#333;&#183;&#353;&#234;&#7687;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3427.htm">Strong's 3427: </a> </span><span class="str2">To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry</span><br /><br /><span class="word">from Ashdod</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1502;&#1461;&#1469;&#1488;&#1463;&#1513;&#1473;&#1456;&#1491;&#1468;&#1428;&#1493;&#1465;&#1491;</span> <span class="translit">(m&#234;&#183;&#8217;a&#353;&#183;d&#333;&#183;w&#7695;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-m &#124; Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_795.htm">Strong's 795: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ashdod -- a city of the Philistines</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and him who wields</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1493;&#1456;&#1514;&#1493;&#1465;&#1502;&#1461;&#1445;&#1498;&#1456;</span> <span class="translit">(w&#601;&#183;&#7791;&#333;&#183;w&#183;m&#234;&#7733;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw &#124; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8551.htm">Strong's 8551: </a> </span><span class="str2">To sustain, to obtain, keep fast, to help, follow close</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the scepter</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1513;&#1473;&#1461;&#1430;&#1489;&#1462;&#1496;</span> <span class="translit">(&#353;&#234;&#183;&#7687;e&#7789;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7626.htm">Strong's 7626: </a> </span><span class="str2">Rod, staff, club, scepter, tribe</span><br /><br /><span class="word">from Ashkelon.</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1502;&#1461;&#1469;&#1488;&#1463;&#1513;&#1473;&#1456;&#1511;&#1456;&#1500;&#1425;&#1493;&#1465;&#1503;</span> <span class="translit">(m&#234;&#183;&#8217;a&#353;&#183;q&#601;&#183;l&#333;&#183;wn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-m &#124; Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_831.htm">Strong's 831: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ashkelon -- a city of the Philistines</span><br /><br /><span class="word">And I will turn</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1493;&#1463;&#1492;&#1458;&#1513;&#1473;&#1460;&#1497;&#1489;&#1448;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&#1460;&#1497;</span> <span class="translit">(wa&#183;ha&#774;&#183;&#353;&#238;&#183;&#7687;&#333;&#183;w&#183;&#7791;&#238;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw &#124; Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7725.htm">Strong's 7725: </a> </span><span class="str2">To turn back, in, to retreat, again</span><br /><br /><span class="word">My hand</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1497;&#1464;&#1491;&#1460;&#1436;&#1497;</span> <span class="translit">(y&#257;&#183;&#7695;&#238;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct &#124; first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3027.htm">Strong's 3027: </a> </span><span class="str2">A hand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">against</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1506;&#1463;&#1500;&#1470;</span> <span class="translit">(&#8216;al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Ekron,</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1506;&#1462;&#1511;&#1456;&#1512;&#1431;&#1493;&#1465;&#1503;</span> <span class="translit">(&#8216;eq&#183;r&#333;&#183;wn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6138.htm">Strong's 6138: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ekron -- a Philistine city</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and the remnant</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1513;&#1473;&#1456;&#1488;&#1461;&#1512;&#1460;&#1443;&#1497;&#1514;</span> <span class="translit">(&#353;&#601;&#183;&#8217;&#234;&#183;r&#238;&#7791;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7611.htm">Strong's 7611: </a> </span><span class="str2">Rest, residue, remnant, remainder</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the Philistines</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1508;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1460;&#1513;&#1473;&#1456;&#1514;&#1468;&#1460;&#1428;&#1497;&#1501;</span> <span class="translit">(p&#601;&#183;li&#353;&#183;t&#238;m)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6430.htm">Strong's 6430: </a> </span><span class="str2">Philistines -- inhabitants of Philistia</span><br /><br /><span class="word">will perish,&#8221;</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1464;&#1469;&#1489;&#1456;&#1491;&#1493;&#1468;&#1433;</span> <span class="translit">(w&#601;&#183;&#8217;&#257;&#183;&#7687;&#601;&#183;&#7695;&#363;)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw &#124; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6.htm">Strong's 6: </a> </span><span class="str2">To wander away, lose oneself, to perish</span><br /><br /><span class="word">says</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1488;&#1464;&#1502;&#1463;&#1430;&#1512;</span> <span class="translit">(&#8217;&#257;&#183;mar)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> </span><span class="str2">To utter, say</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the Lord</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1488;&#1458;&#1491;&#1465;&#1504;&#1464;&#1445;&#1497;</span> <span class="translit">(&#8217;a&#774;&#183;&#7695;&#333;&#183;n&#257;y)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_136.htm">Strong's 136: </a> </span><span class="str2">The Lord</span><br /><br /><span class="word">GOD.</span><br /><span class="heb">&#1497;&#1456;&#1492;&#1493;&#1460;&#1469;&#1492;&#1475;</span> <span class="translit">(Yah&#183;weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3069.htm">Strong's 3069: </a> </span><span class="str2">YHWH</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/amos/1-8.htm">Amos 1:8 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/amos/1-8.htm">OT Prophets: Amos 1:8 I will cut off the inhabitant (Amo. Am) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/amos/1-7.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Amos 1:7"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Amos 1:7" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/amos/1-9.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Amos 1:9"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Amos 1:9" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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