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10.4239C14.667 10.4239 14.5901 10.4389 14.5006 10.4563L14.4668 10.4626C14.2862 10.4989 13.9831 10.5596 13.5042 10.5596C12.2636 10.5596 12.1176 10.349 12.0783 9.37285H14.4503C14.9976 9.37285 15.2418 9.15664 15.2418 8.67213C15.2418 7.64237 15.0266 6.27171 13.165 6.27171C11.5931 6.27171 10.8919 7.12946 10.8919 9.05247C10.8919 10.9297 11.5452 11.6281 13.3016 11.6281C14.0318 11.6281 14.6097 11.5152 14.8366 11.4111C14.9811 11.3495 15.1138 11.2572 15.1138 11V10.8122C15.113 10.5699 14.9748 10.4239 14.7432 10.4239Z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M12.0846 8.41359C12.1301 7.57715 12.4701 7.20312 13.1831 7.20312H13.1838C13.8614 7.20312 14.1661 7.56532 14.1975 8.41202L12.0846 8.41359Z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M31.4197 13.2932H25.348L23.7136 18.0002H20.0957L26.4898 0.198242H30.7749L37.0436 18.0002H33.1032L31.4197 13.2932ZM28.4689 3.60924L26.1405 10.5302H30.6719L28.4689 3.60924Z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M49.178 18L45.1885 11.925H42.4616V18H38.9421V0.621C38.9421 0.621 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fck75q2">Sarjat. Podcastit. 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class="Tagstyles__AnimatedTag-sc-13ensuq-0 Tagstyles__TagBase-sc-13ensuq-1 fBpzuk BxhkT">Mielipide</span></div><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-204041/fi" aria-label="Lisää artikkeleita aiheesta Köyhyys" class="aw-l7odld jXfkxq">Köyhyys</a></div><h1 class="sc-aXZVg cZXpWU yle__article__heading yle__article__heading--1">Heikki Hiilamon kolumni: Köyhä eläkeläinen on yhä useammin mies</h1><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-5vja16 jxdWmn eeXVLF yle__article__paragraph">Kun takuueläke aikanaan säädettiin, eläkeläisköyhyyden uskottiin hiljalleen poistuvan. Näin on käynytkin – naisille. Kehitys miehille on sen sijaan yllätys, Hiilamo pohtii.</p><figure class="aw-u5oz0a clzEhy yle__article__figure"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@id":"74-20078768","@context":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://schema.org","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","copyrightHolder":"Antti Haanpää / Yle","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/ar_1.4992458521870287,c_fill,g_faces,h_511,w_767/dpr_2.0/q_auto:eco/f_auto/fl_lossy/39-90970061fa81a2e912e","keywords":"Heikki Hiilamo,kolumnistit"}}</script><div class="aw-1a00tic pLiTw"><div class="aw-1qvmjke bKIcxT"><div class="aw-1njknqq euollB"><picture><source data-testid="source-for-S" media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/ar_1.4992458521870287,c_fill,g_faces,h_511,w_767/dpr_2.0/q_auto:eco/f_auto/fl_lossy/v1643807198/39-90970061fa81a2e912e 2x, https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/ar_1.4992458521870287,c_fill,g_faces,h_511,w_767/dpr_1.0/q_auto:eco/f_auto/fl_lossy/v1643807198/39-90970061fa81a2e912e 1x"/><source data-testid="source-for-M" media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/ar_1.4992458521870287,c_fill,g_faces,h_424,w_636/dpr_2.0/q_auto:eco/f_auto/fl_lossy/v1643807198/39-90970061fa81a2e912e 2x, https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/ar_1.4992458521870287,c_fill,g_faces,h_424,w_636/dpr_1.0/q_auto:eco/f_auto/fl_lossy/v1643807198/39-90970061fa81a2e912e 1x"/><img alt="Heikki Hiilamo, Helsinki, 18.9.2018" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/c_crop,h_3859,w_6861,x_570,y_812/ar_1.7777777777777777,c_fill,g_faces,h_431,w_767/dpr_1.0/q_auto:eco/f_auto/fl_lossy/v1643807198/39-90970061fa81a2e912e" class="aw-1l9m598 bTKagC"/></picture></div><div class="aw-45s348 glxCAO"><button aria-disabled="false" class="Buttonstyles__ButtonBase-sc-17sr1bx-0 Buttonstyles__ButtonSecondary-sc-17sr1bx-2 blJlbw iLYbQX"><span class="Buttonstyles__TextWrapper-sc-17sr1bx-7 kWJvkV yds-button__content">Avaa kuvien katselu</span></button></div></div></div></figure><div class="aw-too27b ciQxXJ"><span class="aw-z7z0zi aw-1ba4um8 hEWAhM cjLHeC">Heikki Hiilamo</span><span class="aw-j4ghib aw-1zflyl kRcsBq jZXdbQ">sosiaalipolitiikan professori</span></div><div class="aw-1hwlbbb hGamUL"><div class="aw-kzjed4 dgiUVP yle__article__date"><time class="aw-lsqctp jPSFYl yle__article__date--published" datetime="2024-03-22T06:45:36+02:00">22.3. 6:45</time></div><div><button aria-label="Jaa artikkeli" aria-disabled="false" id="share-menu-button" aria-haspopup="true" class="Buttonstyles__ButtonBase-sc-17sr1bx-0 Buttonstyles__ButtonText-sc-17sr1bx-3 jrqhnK kvhUhF"><span class="Buttonstyles__iconSize-sc-17sr1bx-4 Buttonstyles__IconWrapper-sc-17sr1bx-6 cazOWd dPcqZv yds-button__icon"><svg width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" aria-hidden="true" class="aw-wi5224 fZrvxl"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M12.43 3.078a1 1 0 0 1 1.087.207l8.182 8a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.43l-8.182 8a1 1 0 0 1-1.7-.715v-3.855h-.008c-1.968.029-3.972.988-5.827 2.417L3.61 20.389a1 1 0 0 1-1.592-.981l.5-2.597.014-.062c.23-.883.58-1.911.986-2.865.4-.94.88-1.876 1.387-2.532.964-1.246 2.07-2.138 3.405-2.709 1.057-.45 2.219-.684 3.508-.76V4a1 1 0 0 1 .612-.922Zm1.388 3.298v3.48h-1c-1.529 0-2.727.202-3.722.627-.984.42-1.826 1.081-2.609 2.093-.351.454-.753 1.206-1.129 2.09a19.46 19.46 0 0 0-.874 2.525l.277-.213c2.023-1.559 4.445-2.798 7.028-2.833h2.029v3.479L19.57 12l-5.752-5.624Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span><span class="Buttonstyles__TextWrapper-sc-17sr1bx-7 WDnuQ yds-button__text">Jaa</span></button></div></div></header><section class="yle__article__content"><aside class="aw-hvvcsw iWkivn yle__article__aside" aria-label="Faktalaatikko"><div class="aw-x2e1x8 cpdveM"><h2 class="sc-gEvEer dSgPhs yle__article__heading yle__article__heading--2">Kolumni</h2><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Kolumneja kirjoittaa laaja joukko Ylen ulkopuolisia tekijöitä.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><a class="aw-iao6s4 drtaeR yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/http://yle.fi/uutiset/18-166542" role="link">Lue kolumneja</a><br/> <a class="aw-iao6s4 drtaeR yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://areena.yle.fi/audio/1-61222404" role="link">Kuuntele kolumneja Yle Areenassa</a></p></div></aside><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="aw-ak79eh hgoSon yle__article__strong">Petteri Orpon (kok.) hallituksen</strong> ensimmäisen aallon säästöpäätökset <a class="aw-iao6s4 drtaeR yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/147877" role="link">kohdistuivat</a> rajuina lapsiperheisiin, erityisesti yksinhuoltajiin. Lapsien lisäksi niin sanottuja kunniallisia köyhiä ovat myös ikäihmiset: kumpikin ryhmä on suojassa erityisesti huonoina aikoina yleistyvältä kannustinpuheelta. Sivistyneessä yhteiskunnassa lasten ja vanhusten ei voi odottaa tekevänsä työtä toimeentulonsa eteen.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Mutta kaikessa hiljaisuudessa myös kuva vanhusköyhyydestä on muuttumassa.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="aw-ak79eh hgoSon yle__article__strong">Eläkejärjestelmän tärkein tehtävä</strong> on ehkäistä köyhyyttä. Järjestelmä muodostuu kahdesta osasta, joista toinen noudattaa sosiaalivakuutuksen ja toinen sosiaaliavustuksen periaatetta.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Suomen työeläkejärjestelmä on sosiaalivakuutus. Maksamme kahdessa osassa, työntekijän ja työnantajan, eläkevakuutusmaksuja, jotka ovat pakollisia. Maksut kerätään yhteiseen pottiin, josta eläkkeet maksetaan. Mitä suurempi palkka ja mitä pidempi palkanmaksuaika, sitä suurempi eläke.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Sitten on kansaneläke. Sitä maksetaan niille, joilla ei ole lainkaan työeläkettä tai se on hyvin pieni. Kansaneläkkeet rahoitetaan veroilla. Kyseessä on siis sosiaaliavustus. Kansaneläke nousee vain elinkustannusten verran. Sen sijaan myös ansiotason nousu korottaa jonkin verran työeläkkeitä.</p><blockquote class="aw-5b7r8f fgSgxm"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="var(--yds-color-text-default)" stroke="none" height="32" role="img" viewbox="0 0 31 19" width="32"><path d="M0.996094 18.9644L3.29009 0.982422H15.5741L10.3201 18.9644H0.996094ZM15.4261 18.9644L17.7201 0.982422H30.0041L24.7501 18.9644H15.4261Z"></path></svg><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-c9wyj2 jxdWmn bFuvKl">Kun takuueläkkeestä säädettiin, ajateltiin, että eläkeläisköyhyys poistuu vähitellen.</p></blockquote><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="aw-ak79eh hgoSon yle__article__strong">Vuonna 2011 Suomi otti käyttöön</strong> pienituloisimpien eläkeläisten helpotukseksi takuueläkkeen. Leimaamisen uhallakin sitä voisi kutsua köyhien eläkkeeksi. Kyseessä on pientä eläkettä saaville tarkoitettu tulotakuu, jonka suuruus on noin 977 euroa kuukaudessa. Takuueläkkeestä ei tarvitse maksaa veroa.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Kun takuueläkkeestä säädettiin, ajateltiin, että muiden kuin työkyvyttömien eläkeläisköyhyys poistuu vähitellen: vanhuuseläkkeelle jää pidemmän työuran tehneitä ja samaan aikaan joukosta poistuvat ne, jotka eivät ehtineet täysimääräisesti nauttimaan työeläkejärjestelmästä. Toisin sanoen takuueläkettä saavien määrä pienenee.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="aw-ak79eh hgoSon yle__article__strong">Naisten kohdalla</strong> näin on tapahtunutkin. Takuueläkettä vanhuuseläkkeenä saaneiden naisten määrä väheni järjestelmän ensimmäisen 12 vuoden aikana viidellä prosentilla. Tulos on merkittävä, varsinkin, kun otetaan huomioon, että takuueläkkeeseen on tehty neljä tasokorotusta, jotka ovat laajentaneet siihen oikeutettujen määrää.</p><blockquote class="aw-5b7r8f fgSgxm"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="var(--yds-color-text-default)" stroke="none" height="32" role="img" viewbox="0 0 31 19" width="32"><path d="M0.996094 18.9644L3.29009 0.982422H15.5741L10.3201 18.9644H0.996094ZM15.4261 18.9644L17.7201 0.982422H30.0041L24.7501 18.9644H15.4261Z"></path></svg><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-c9wyj2 jxdWmn bFuvKl">Eäkeläisköyhyys on vuosikymmenen kuluttua ennen muuta miesten köyhyyttä.</p></blockquote><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="aw-ak79eh hgoSon yle__article__strong">Yllätys on sen sijaan se</strong>, että samaan aikaan takuueläkettä vanhuuseläkkeenä saaneiden miesten määrä yli kaksinkertaistui. <a class="aw-iao6s4 drtaeR yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/137954" role="link">Syynä</a> on se, että miesten – erityisesti yksin asuvien miesten – pienituloisuus on lisääntynyt. He kärsivät naisia useammin pitkäaikaistyöttömyydestä ja jäävät ilman työuraa työkyvyttömyyden vuoksi.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Takuueläkettä saavia naisia on silti edelleen tuplasti enemmän kuin miehiä. Mutta mikäli <a class="aw-iao6s4 drtaeR yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://www.taloustaito.fi/Blogi/Blogit-2016/elakelaisten-koyhyys-vahenee-ja-muuttaa-muotoaan/#a8df0c43" role="link">trendi jatkuu</a> – kuten uskon sen jatkuvan – eläkeläisköyhyys on vuosikymmenen kuluttua ennen muuta miesten köyhyyttä.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Takuueläke helpottaa eläkeläisköyhyyttä. Sillä on kuitenkin ikävä kääntöpuoli: mitä enemmän takuueläkettä nostetaan, sitä kannattamattomammaksi työnteko tulee. Laboren tuoreen <a class="aw-iao6s4 drtaeR yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://labore.fi/julkaisu/takuuelakeuudistus-sai-tyottomat-hakemaan-enemman-elaketta/" role="link">tutkimuksen</a> mukaan takuueläke houkuttelee työttömiä siirtymään eläkkeelle. Takuueläkkeeseen kannattaa tarttua, jos työnteko ei nosta työeläkettä niin paljon, että kokonaiseläke kohoasi takuutason yläpuolelle.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="aw-ak79eh hgoSon yle__article__strong">Takuueläkkeen korotusten jälkeen</strong> kannustinvaikutus koskee jo merkittävää osaa sellaisia henkilöitä, joiden työura on esimerkiksi sairauden tai työttömyyden vuoksi jäänyt katkonaiseksi.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Heidän on työskenneltävä useita vuosia, jotta kokonaiseläke alkaisi nousta. Nämä ovat pitkiä aikoja niille, joilla on vaikeuksia päästä mukaan työmarkkinoille.</p><blockquote class="aw-5b7r8f fgSgxm"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="var(--yds-color-text-default)" stroke="none" height="32" role="img" viewbox="0 0 31 19" width="32"><path d="M0.996094 18.9644L3.29009 0.982422H15.5741L10.3201 18.9644H0.996094ZM15.4261 18.9644L17.7201 0.982422H30.0041L24.7501 18.9644H15.4261Z"></path></svg><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-c9wyj2 jxdWmn bFuvKl">Takuueläkkeellä on kääntöpuoli: se houkuttelee työttömiä siirtymään eläkkeelle.</p></blockquote><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="aw-ak79eh hgoSon yle__article__strong">Hallitusohjelman mukainen eläketyöryhmä</strong> valmistelee ehdotuksensa ensi tammikuuhun mennessä. Työryhmä voisi helpottaa pienituloisten eläkeläisten toimeentuloa korottamalla eläkkeen kertymäprosenttia työuran ensimmäisiltä vuosilta – ja vastaavasti alentamalla sitä hieman muilta vuosilta.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph">Aloituspalkat ovat lähes kaikilla työntekijöillä melko pieniä, joten uudistus ei juurikaan vaikuttaisi koko eläkejärjestelmään. Se olisi kuitenkin tärkeä kädenojennus työmarkkinoilla sinnitteleville.</p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><em class="aw-18vh2pl bZqHKZ yle__article__emphasis">Heikki Hiilamo</em></p><p class="aw-1gybjub aw-1p7kakr jxdWmn ilDxnw yle__article__paragraph"><em class="aw-18vh2pl bZqHKZ yle__article__emphasis">Kirjoittaja aloitti pienten lasten isänä tutkijauransa perhepolitiikasta, mutta on varttuneessa iässä keskittynyt yhä enemmän eläkepolitiikan tutkimukseen ja kehittämiseen Suomessa, Georgiassa ja Kambodzhassa.</em></p></section><footer class="yle__article__footer"><h2 class="aw-zh6d69 dMYkJU">Aiheesta enemmän: Paketissa 3 linkkiä</h2><h2 class="sc-eqUAAy dUJkWc yle__article__heading yle__article__heading--3" aria-hidden="true">Aiheesta enemmän</h2><div class="yle__article__links" role="list" aria-label="Aiheesta enemmän"><div role="listitem" class="aw-124ec9l cFgRwb"><div class="aw-yq4wj5 hkKela"><div class="aw-fou4nx hULxUh"><div class="aw-aqrehu kskGQO"><div class="aw-ej1jxx Vjwex"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-206683/fi" aria-label="Lisää artikkeleita aiheesta Työttömät" class="aw-l7odld jXfkxq">Työttömät</a></div><h3 class="aw-x9ikft cGmEmT"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20047679" class="aw-3ocnud eBKakF">Heikki Hiilamon kolumni: Onko väliä, perustuuko turvasi pahan päivän varalle avustukseen vai vakuutukseen? 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class="GridSystem__GridCell-sc-59ad6967-0 fXPbCh no-print"></div><div id="sticky-sidebar" class="GridSystem__GridCell-sc-59ad6967-0 jEePtA no-print"><div><div><div style="font-size:0;visibility:hidden">.</div><div><aside class="GridSystem__GridCell-sc-59ad6967-0 SidebarLayout__SidebarItemContainer-sc-62834cb4-1 SJjbS imIATf"><h2 id="sb-most-read" class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 bMPfte SidebarLayout__SidebarItemHeader-sc-62834cb4-0 cxIXFb SidebarLayout__SidebarItemHeader-sc-62834cb4-0 cxIXFb">Luetuimmat</h2><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Container-sc-79c54a90-0 cMuccD"><ol aria-labelledby="sb-most-read"><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><div aria-hidden="true" class="MinimalHeadlines__Index-sc-79c54a90-5 ffWqMg">1</div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIP"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-204041/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Köyhyys</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20080076" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">”Minkä tässä pitäisi naurattaa”, kysyy työntekijä leikkausvitsailusta köyhien aamiaisella – nyt puhuvat pienituloiset</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><div aria-hidden="true" class="MinimalHeadlines__Index-sc-79c54a90-5 ffWqMg">2</div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIP"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-22117/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Lapset</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20074127" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Joonas Konstigin kolumni: Nuorison mielenterveyskriisi saattaa johtua lahjasta, jonka he saivat hyvää tarkoittaneilta vanhemmiltaan</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><div aria-hidden="true" class="MinimalHeadlines__Index-sc-79c54a90-5 ffWqMg">3</div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIP"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-209306/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Terveys</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20080738" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Ensin tulivat uniongelmat, sitten Kaisa, 51, mietti itsemurhaa – vaihdevuodet ovat naisen elämän vaarallisinta aikaa</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><div aria-hidden="true" class="MinimalHeadlines__Index-sc-79c54a90-5 ffWqMg">4</div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIP"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-22117/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Lapset</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081414" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Päiväkodin sijainen teki ilmoituksen lapsille huutamisesta ja tuuppimisesta – valvoja puuttui, mutta johto kiistää</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><div aria-hidden="true" class="MinimalHeadlines__Index-sc-79c54a90-5 ffWqMg">5</div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIP"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-95258/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Maahanmuutto</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20080575" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Edes pikaruokaketju ei palkkaa korkeakoulutettua – EK:n asiantuntija: ”Jos saamme jonkun tänne houkuteltua, täytyy pitää kiinni”</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><div aria-hidden="true" class="MinimalHeadlines__Index-sc-79c54a90-5 ffWqMg">6</div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 cQedTi"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-215452/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Luonto</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081406" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Yli biljoona kaskasta täyttää ilman keväällä Yhdysvalloissa – ilmiö toistuu 221 vuoden välein</a></h3></div></li></ol></div></aside><aside class="GridSystem__GridCell-sc-59ad6967-0 SidebarLayout__SidebarItemContainer-sc-62834cb4-1 SJjbS imIATf"><h2 id="sb-most-recent" class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 bMPfte SidebarLayout__SidebarItemHeader-sc-62834cb4-0 cxIXFb SidebarLayout__SidebarItemHeader-sc-62834cb4-0 cxIXFb">Tuoreimmat</h2><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Container-sc-79c54a90-0 cMuccD"><ol aria-labelledby="sb-most-recent"><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T08:16:31+0300">8:16</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-205598/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Jalkapallo</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081497" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Hehkutettu stadion ja uusi visio – näin Ilves aikoo nousta Veikkausliigan kestomenestyjäksi</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T08:06:49+0300">8:06</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-216121/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Asuminen</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081167" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Rakennustyömaat hiljenivät – Kuopion uuden asuinalueen rakentaja toivoo ihmisten hyväksyvän uuden normaalin</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T07:56:06+0300">7:56</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-354470/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Gazan sota</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081658" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Israel aikoo estää uutiskanava Al-Jazeeran lähetykset</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T07:22:16+0300">7:22</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-215090/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Yritykset</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20080293" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Vain näiden verhojen takana Heidi Enroth paljastaa hiuksensa kotinsa ulkopuolella</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T07:04:38+0300">7:04</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-22117/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Lapset</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081414" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Päiväkodin sijainen teki ilmoituksen lapsille huutamisesta ja tuuppimisesta – valvoja puuttui, mutta johto kiistää</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T06:45:36+0300">6:45</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-22117/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Lapset</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20074127" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Joonas Konstigin kolumni: Nuorison mielenterveyskriisi saattaa johtua lahjasta, jonka he saivat hyvää tarkoittaneilta vanhemmiltaan</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T06:30:41+0300">6:30</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-224019/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Aamukooste</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081644" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Katso aamun pääuutiset</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T06:09:59+0300">6:09</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-189456/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Jääkiekko</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081634" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Nyt tappio olisi katastrofi niin HIFK:lle kuin Pelicansille – oliko tämä oikea syy Tommi Niemelän raivokohtaukselle?</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T06:08:36+0300">6:08</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-209306/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Terveys</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20080331" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Ylen kysely: lähes 80 prosenttia suomalaisista on ainakin joskus laihduttanut – moni mies pitää ylipainoa ihmisen omana syynä</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T05:50:36+0300">5:50</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-204041/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Köyhyys</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20080076" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">”Minkä tässä pitäisi naurattaa”, kysyy työntekijä leikkausvitsailusta köyhien aamiaisella – nyt puhuvat pienituloiset</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T05:20:36+0300">5:20</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-204522/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Perheet</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20081214" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Konrad-vauva syntyi kätilöäitinsä työpaikalla – tällaisia ovat Norjan synnytystuvat</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 byezyD"><time class="DateTime___StyledTime-sc-f3193d7a-0 gdLaWp MinimalHeadlines__Date-sc-79c54a90-6 jsOWFj" datetime="2024-04-02T05:10:36+0300">5:10</time><div class="MinimalHeadlines__ListLine-sc-79c54a90-4 cqDOIZ"></div></div></div><div class="MinimalHeadlines__Texts-sc-79c54a90-2 jYVeIk"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/t/18-209306/fi" class="Tag__Label-sc-10f4ee8e-0 dpErSM MinimalHeadlines__StyledTag-sc-79c54a90-3 hLpKvJ">Terveys</a><h3 class="Typography-sc-905807c5-0 kNWETm link-accent"><a href="/web/20240402053013/https://yle.fi/a/74-20080738" class="MinimalHeadlines__Link-sc-79c54a90-10 bMuisZ visitable-link">Ensin tulivat uniongelmat, sitten Kaisa, 51, mietti itsemurhaa – vaihdevuodet ovat naisen elämän vaarallisinta aikaa</a></h3></div></li><li class="MinimalHeadlines__Item-sc-79c54a90-1 idtWDG"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletContainer-sc-79c54a90-8 hKwNaR"><div class="MinimalHeadlines__BulletCell-sc-79c54a90-9 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Näin on käynytkin – naisille. Kehitys miehille on sen sijaan yllätys, Hiilamo pohtii.","mainMedia":[{"alt":"Heikki Hiilamo, Helsinki, 18.9.2018","source":"Antti Haanpää \u002F Yle","aspect":1.4992458521870287,"id":"39-90970061fa81a2e912e","type":"image","alts":[{"language":"fin","value":"Heikki Hiilamo, Helsinki, 18.9.2018"}],"blurhash":"LGB{_nNG00-o00of~pWB?uoeIANa","tags":[{"label":[{"language":"eng","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"},{"language":"fin","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"},{"language":"swe","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"}],"extId":"18-172407"},{"label":[{"language":"fin","value":"kolumnistit"},{"language":"swe","value":"kolumnister"}],"extId":"18-213036"}],"copyright":[{"language":"und","value":"Antti Haanpää \u002F Yle"}],"crops":[{"name":"16:9","aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"x":570,"y":812,"width":6861,"height":3859}},{"name":"2:3","aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"x":2529,"y":604,"width":3082,"height":4624}},{"name":"1:1","aspect":1,"coordinates":{"x":1866,"y":724,"width":4139,"height":4139}},{"name":"5:2","aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"x":862,"y":1241,"width":6776,"height":2710}}],"height":5304,"licence":{"id":"6","name":[{"language":"und","value":"Yle"}],"properties":[]},"version":"1643807198","width":7952,"recommendedFormat":"jpg"}],"authors":[{"organization":"Yle","image":{"alt":"Heikki Hiilamo, Helsinki, 18.9.2018","source":"Antti Haanpää \u002F Yle","aspect":1,"id":"39-90970061fa81a2e912e","type":"image","alts":[{"language":"fin","value":"Heikki Hiilamo, Helsinki, 18.9.2018"}],"blurhash":"LGB{_nNG00-o00of~pWB?uoeIANa","tags":[{"label":[{"language":"eng","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"},{"language":"fin","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"},{"language":"swe","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"}],"extId":"18-172407"},{"label":[{"language":"fin","value":"kolumnistit"},{"language":"swe","value":"kolumnister"}],"extId":"18-213036"}],"copyright":[{"language":"und","value":"Antti Haanpää \u002F Yle"}],"crops":[{"name":"16:9","aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"x":570,"y":812,"width":6861,"height":3859}},{"name":"2:3","aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"x":2529,"y":604,"width":3082,"height":4624}},{"name":"1:1","aspect":1,"coordinates":{"x":1866,"y":724,"width":4139,"height":4139}},{"name":"5:2","aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"x":862,"y":1241,"width":6776,"height":2710}}],"height":5304,"licence":{"id":"6","name":[{"language":"und","value":"Yle"}],"properties":[]},"version":"1643807198","width":7952,"recommendedFormat":"jpg"},"description":[{"text":"sosiaalipolitiikan professori","type":"text"}],"id":"56-74-291","name":"Heikki Hiilamo","type":"Person"}],"datePublished":"2024-03-22T06:45:36+0200","dateContentModified":"2024-03-22T06:45:36+0200","dateJsonModified":"2024-03-22T23:04:33+0200","publisher":{"name":"Yle Uutiset"},"publication":"uutiset","coverage":"national","content":[{"level":1,"text":"Heikki Hiilamon kolumni: Köyhä eläkeläinen on yhä useammin mies","type":"heading"},{"alt":"Heikki Hiilamo, Helsinki, 18.9.2018","source":"Antti Haanpää \u002F Yle","aspect":1.4992458521870287,"id":"39-90970061fa81a2e912e","type":"image","alts":[{"language":"fin","value":"Heikki Hiilamo, Helsinki, 18.9.2018"}],"blurhash":"LGB{_nNG00-o00of~pWB?uoeIANa","tags":[{"label":[{"language":"eng","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"},{"language":"fin","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"},{"language":"swe","value":"Heikki Hiilamo"}],"extId":"18-172407"},{"label":[{"language":"fin","value":"kolumnistit"},{"language":"swe","value":"kolumnister"}],"extId":"18-213036"}],"copyright":[{"language":"und","value":"Antti Haanpää \u002F Yle"}],"crops":[{"name":"16:9","aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"x":570,"y":812,"width":6861,"height":3859}},{"name":"2:3","aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"x":2529,"y":604,"width":3082,"height":4624}},{"name":"1:1","aspect":1,"coordinates":{"x":1866,"y":724,"width":4139,"height":4139}},{"name":"5:2","aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"x":862,"y":1241,"width":6776,"height":2710}}],"height":5304,"licence":{"id":"6","name":[{"language":"und","value":"Yle"}],"properties":[]},"version":"1643807198","width":7952,"recommendedFormat":"jpg"},{"text":"Kun takuueläke aikanaan säädettiin, eläkeläisköyhyyden uskottiin hiljalleen poistuvan. Näin on käynytkin – naisille. Kehitys miehille on sen sijaan yllätys, Hiilamo pohtii.","type":"text"},{"content":[{"text":"Kolumni","level":2,"type":"heading"},{"text":"Kolumneja kirjoittaa laaja joukko Ylen ulkopuolisia tekijöitä.","type":"text"},{"text":"[Lue kolumneja](http:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-166542) \n[Kuuntele kolumneja Yle Areenassa](https:\u002F\u002Fareena.yle.fi\u002Faudio\u002F1-61222404)","type":"text"}],"type":"aside"},{"text":"**Petteri Orpon (kok.) hallituksen** ensimmäisen aallon säästöpäätökset [kohdistuivat](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.julkari.fi\u002Fhandle\u002F10024\u002F147877) rajuina lapsiperheisiin, erityisesti yksinhuoltajiin. Lapsien lisäksi niin sanottuja kunniallisia köyhiä ovat myös ikäihmiset: kumpikin ryhmä on suojassa erityisesti huonoina aikoina yleistyvältä kannustinpuheelta. Sivistyneessä yhteiskunnassa lasten ja vanhusten ei voi odottaa tekevänsä työtä toimeentulonsa eteen.","type":"text"},{"text":"Mutta kaikessa hiljaisuudessa myös kuva vanhusköyhyydestä on muuttumassa.","type":"text"},{"text":"**Eläkejärjestelmän tärkein tehtävä** on ehkäistä köyhyyttä. Järjestelmä muodostuu kahdesta osasta, joista toinen noudattaa sosiaalivakuutuksen ja toinen sosiaaliavustuksen periaatetta.","type":"text"},{"text":"Suomen työeläkejärjestelmä on sosiaalivakuutus. Maksamme kahdessa osassa, työntekijän ja työnantajan, eläkevakuutusmaksuja, jotka ovat pakollisia. Maksut kerätään yhteiseen pottiin, josta eläkkeet maksetaan. Mitä suurempi palkka ja mitä pidempi palkanmaksuaika, sitä suurempi eläke.","type":"text"},{"text":"Sitten on kansaneläke. Sitä maksetaan niille, joilla ei ole lainkaan työeläkettä tai se on hyvin pieni. Kansaneläkkeet rahoitetaan veroilla. Kyseessä on siis sosiaaliavustus. Kansaneläke nousee vain elinkustannusten verran. Sen sijaan myös ansiotason nousu korottaa jonkin verran työeläkkeitä.","type":"text"},{"style":"short","text":"Kun takuueläkkeestä säädettiin, ajateltiin, että eläkeläisköyhyys poistuu vähitellen.","type":"quote"},{"text":"**Vuonna 2011 Suomi otti käyttöön** pienituloisimpien eläkeläisten helpotukseksi takuueläkkeen. Leimaamisen uhallakin sitä voisi kutsua köyhien eläkkeeksi. Kyseessä on pientä eläkettä saaville tarkoitettu tulotakuu, jonka suuruus on noin 977 euroa kuukaudessa. Takuueläkkeestä ei tarvitse maksaa veroa. ","type":"text"},{"text":"Kun takuueläkkeestä säädettiin, ajateltiin, että muiden kuin työkyvyttömien eläkeläisköyhyys poistuu vähitellen: vanhuuseläkkeelle jää pidemmän työuran tehneitä ja samaan aikaan joukosta poistuvat ne, jotka eivät ehtineet täysimääräisesti nauttimaan työeläkejärjestelmästä. Toisin sanoen takuueläkettä saavien määrä pienenee.","type":"text"},{"text":"**Naisten kohdalla** näin on tapahtunutkin. Takuueläkettä vanhuuseläkkeenä saaneiden naisten määrä väheni järjestelmän ensimmäisen 12 vuoden aikana viidellä prosentilla. Tulos on merkittävä, varsinkin, kun otetaan huomioon, että takuueläkkeeseen on tehty neljä tasokorotusta, jotka ovat laajentaneet siihen oikeutettujen määrää. ","type":"text"},{"style":"short","text":"Eäkeläisköyhyys on vuosikymmenen kuluttua ennen muuta miesten köyhyyttä.","type":"quote"},{"text":"**Yllätys on sen sijaan se**, että samaan aikaan takuueläkettä vanhuuseläkkeenä saaneiden miesten määrä yli kaksinkertaistui. [Syynä](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.julkari.fi\u002Fhandle\u002F10024\u002F137954) on se, että miesten – erityisesti yksin asuvien miesten – pienituloisuus on lisääntynyt. He kärsivät naisia useammin pitkäaikaistyöttömyydestä ja jäävät ilman työuraa työkyvyttömyyden vuoksi. ","type":"text"},{"text":"Takuueläkettä saavia naisia on silti edelleen tuplasti enemmän kuin miehiä. Mutta mikäli [trendi jatkuu](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.taloustaito.fi\u002FBlogi\u002FBlogit-2016\u002Felakelaisten-koyhyys-vahenee-ja-muuttaa-muotoaan\u002F#a8df0c43) – kuten uskon sen jatkuvan – eläkeläisköyhyys on vuosikymmenen kuluttua ennen muuta miesten köyhyyttä.","type":"text"},{"text":"Takuueläke helpottaa eläkeläisköyhyyttä. Sillä on kuitenkin ikävä kääntöpuoli: mitä enemmän takuueläkettä nostetaan, sitä kannattamattomammaksi työnteko tulee. Laboren tuoreen [tutkimuksen](https:\u002F\u002Flabore.fi\u002Fjulkaisu\u002Ftakuuelakeuudistus-sai-tyottomat-hakemaan-enemman-elaketta\u002F) mukaan takuueläke houkuttelee työttömiä siirtymään eläkkeelle. Takuueläkkeeseen kannattaa tarttua, jos työnteko ei nosta työeläkettä niin paljon, että kokonaiseläke kohoasi takuutason yläpuolelle.","type":"text"},{"text":"**Takuueläkkeen korotusten jälkeen** kannustinvaikutus koskee jo merkittävää osaa sellaisia henkilöitä, joiden työura on esimerkiksi sairauden tai työttömyyden vuoksi jäänyt katkonaiseksi.","type":"text"},{"text":"Heidän on työskenneltävä useita vuosia, jotta kokonaiseläke alkaisi nousta. Nämä ovat pitkiä aikoja niille, joilla on vaikeuksia päästä mukaan työmarkkinoille.","type":"text"},{"style":"short","text":"Takuueläkkeellä on kääntöpuoli: se houkuttelee työttömiä siirtymään eläkkeelle.","type":"quote"},{"text":"**Hallitusohjelman mukainen eläketyöryhmä** valmistelee ehdotuksensa ensi tammikuuhun mennessä. Työryhmä voisi helpottaa pienituloisten eläkeläisten toimeentuloa korottamalla eläkkeen kertymäprosenttia työuran ensimmäisiltä vuosilta – ja vastaavasti alentamalla sitä hieman muilta vuosilta.","type":"text"},{"text":"Aloituspalkat ovat lähes kaikilla työntekijöillä melko pieniä, joten uudistus ei juurikaan vaikuttaisi koko eläkejärjestelmään. Se olisi kuitenkin tärkeä kädenojennus työmarkkinoilla sinnitteleville.","type":"text"},{"text":"*Heikki Hiilamo*","type":"text"},{"text":"*Kirjoittaja aloitti pienten lasten isänä tutkijauransa perhepolitiikasta, mutta on varttuneessa iässä keskittynyt yhä enemmän eläkepolitiikan tutkimukseen ja kehittämiseen Suomessa, Georgiassa ja Kambodzhassa.*","type":"text"},{"type":"links","links":[{"external":{"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20240402053013\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fa\u002F74-20047679"},"internal":{"id":"74-20047679"},"title":"Heikki Hiilamon kolumni: Onko väliä, perustuuko turvasi pahan päivän varalle avustukseen vai vakuutukseen? 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Hiilamo omistaa osan Voima-lehden kustantamosta ja Into-kustannuksesta.\nVuoden 2011 eduskuntavaaleissa Hiilamo oli vihreiden ehdokkaana Uudellamaalla saaden 1 596 ääntä.","sv":"Författare (Inkl. kolumnister)","en":null,"ru":null,"se":null},"exactMatch":["leiki:focus100k_na_313591","wikidata:Q85257273","wikidata:Q11861824"],"updated":"2022-02-08T09:25:30+02:00","alternativeIds":["18-311294","18-231076","18-64187"],"title":{"fi":"Heikki Hiilamo","sv":"Heikki Hiilamo","en":"Heikki Hiilamo","ru":null,"se":null},"familyName":"Hiilamo","types":["Concept","Person","Agent"],"id":"18-172407","givenName":"Heikki","contentHits":142,"imageId":"13-18-231076-1"},{"description":{"fi":"Alkuperältään politiikka on käytännön tai teorian vaikuttamista toisiin ihmisiin globaalilla, kansallisella tai yksilöllisellä tasolla. 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