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href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs" class=""><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=1880%E2%80%931889" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=1880%E2%80%931889" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. 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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Politika_a_společnost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politika_a_společnost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Politika a společnost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politika_a_společnost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Věda_a_technika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Věda_a_technika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Věda a technika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Věda_a_technika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Umění_a_humanitní_vědy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Umění_a_humanitní_vědy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Umění a humanitní vědy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Umění_a_humanitní_vědy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Další_události" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Další_události"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Další události</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Další_události-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Narození_a_úmrtí" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Narození_a_úmrtí"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Narození a úmrtí</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Narození_a_úmrtí-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1880–1889</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 99 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-99" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">99 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyos_1880" title="Anyos 1880 – aragonština" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Anyos 1880" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880._g%C4%93ar_o%C3%BE_1889._g%C4%93ar" title="1880. gēar oþ 1889. gēar – staroangličtina" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="1880. gēar oþ 1889. gēar" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="staroangličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1880" title="عقد 1880 – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عقد 1880" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85_1880" title="عوام 1880 – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عوام 1880" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1880" title="عقد 1880 – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عقد 1880" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_del_1880" title="Década del 1880 – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Década del 1880" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-ci_ill%C9%99r" title="1880-ci illər – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1880-ci illər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-an" title="1880-an – balijština" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1880-an" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D1%8F" title="1880-я – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1880-я" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D1%8F" title="1880-я – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1880-я" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D1%82%D0%B5" title="1880-те – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1880-те" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloavezhio%C3%B9_1880" title="Bloavezhioù 1880 – bretonština" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bloavezhioù 1880" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-e" title="1880-e – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1880-e" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A8cada_del_1880" title="Dècada del 1880 – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dècada del 1880" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_ni%C3%A8ng-d%C3%A2i" title="1880 nièng-dâi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1880 nièng-dâi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%88_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="1880-мĕш çулсем – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1880-мĕш çулсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880au" title="1880au – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1880au" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%27erne" title="1880'erne – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1880'erne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880er" title="1880er – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1880er" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_1880" title="Δεκαετία 1880 – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δεκαετία 1880" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_1880" title="An 1880 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="An 1880" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880s" title="1880s – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="1880s" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-aj_jaroj" title="1880-aj jaroj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1880-aj jaroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1os_1880" title="Años 1880 – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Años 1880" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880._aastad" title="1880. aastad – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1880. aastad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880ko_hamarkada" title="1880ko hamarkada – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1880ko hamarkada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%87_%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B8%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="دهه ۱۸۸۰ (میلادی) – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دهه ۱۸۸۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-luku" title="1880-luku – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1880-luku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%C3%A1rini" title="1880-árini – faerština" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1880-árini" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1880" title="Années 1880 – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Années 1880" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880id%C3%AD" title="1880idí – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1880idí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1880年代 – čínština (dialekty Gan)" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1880年代" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Gan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880an" title="1880an – skotská gaelština" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1880an" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotská gaelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_1880" title="Década de 1880 – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Década de 1880" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-80_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-19" title="שנות ה-80 של המאה ה-19 – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שנות ה-80 של המאה ה-19" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880s" title="1880s – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1880s" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-ih" title="1880-ih – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1880-ih" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-as_%C3%A9vek" title="1880-as évek – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1880-as évek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-an" title="1880-an – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1880-an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yari_1880a" title="Yari 1880a – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Yari 1880a" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1881-1890" title="1881-1890 – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1881-1890" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_1880" title="Anni 1880 – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anni 1880" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1880年代 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1880年代" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-an" title="1880-an – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1880-an" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="1880-იანები – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1880-იანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%EB%85%84%EB%8C%80" title="1880년대 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1880년대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81" title="1880-ӧд вояс – komijština" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1880-ӧд вояс" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_1880" title="Anni 1880 – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Anni 1880" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_1880" title="Anni 1880 – ligurština" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Anni 1880" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880._gadi" title="1880. gadi – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1880. gadi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="1880 ийла – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1880 ийла" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D1%82%D0%B8" title="1880-ти – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1880-ти" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A6_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.चे १८८० चे दशक – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.चे १८८० चे दशक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-an" title="1880-an – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1880-an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C" title="1880 це иеть – erzjanština" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1880 це иеть" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzjanština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-1889" title="1880-1889 – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1880-1889" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%C3%A5ra" title="1880-åra – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1880-åra" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%C3%A5rene" title="1880-årene – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1880-årene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna%C3%A9es_1880" title="Annaées 1880 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Annaées 1880" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880s" title="1880s – sotština (severní)" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1880s" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotština (severní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ans_1880" title="Ans 1880 – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ans 1880" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-lugu_vuvvet" title="1880-lugu vuvvet – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1880-lugu vuvvet" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D1%82%C3%A6" title="1880-тæ – osetština" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1880-тæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE" title="1880 ਦਾ ਦਹਾਕਾ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1880 ਦਾ ਦਹਾਕਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lata_80._XIX_wieku" title="Lata 80. XIX wieku – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lata 80. XIX wieku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_1880" title="Década de 1880 – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Década de 1880" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_watakuna" title="1880 watakuna – kečuánština" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1880 watakuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anii_1880" title="Anii 1880 – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anii 1880" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="1880-е годы – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1880-е годы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D1%81" title="1880-с – jakutština" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1880-с" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880ini" title="1880ini – sicilština" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1880ini" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-lohku" title="1880-lohku – sámština (severní)" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1880-lohku" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sámština (severní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-e" title="1880-e – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1880-e" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="1880 දශකය – sinhálština" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="1880 දශකය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880s" title="1880s – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1880s" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/80._roky_19._storo%C4%8Dia" title="80. roky 19. storočia – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="80. roky 19. storočia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880." title="1880. – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1880." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitet_1880" title="Vitet 1880 – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vitet 1880" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D0%B5" title="1880-е – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1880-е" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-an" title="1880-an – sundština" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1880-an" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-talet" title="1880-talet – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1880-talet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miaka_ya_1880" title="Miaka ya 1880 – svahilština" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Miaka ya 1880" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="1880கள் – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1880கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B8_1880_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D3%A3)" title="Даҳаи 1880 (мелодӣ) – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Даҳаи 1880 (мелодӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9_1880" title="คริสต์ทศวรรษ 1880 – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสต์ทศวรรษ 1880" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%C3%BD%C3%BD" title="1880ýý – turkmenština" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1880ýý" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%27ler" title="1880'ler – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1880'ler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="1880-еллар – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1880-еллар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D1%82%D1%96" title="1880-ті – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1880-ті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%D8%A1_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="1880ء کی دہائی – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1880ء کی دہائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-lar" title="1880-lar – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1880-lar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%ADp_ni%C3%AAn_1880" title="Thập niên 1880 – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thập niên 1880" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%AAyes_1880" title="Anêyes 1880 – valonština" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Anêyes 1880" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_nga_dekada" title="1880 nga dekada – warajština" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1880 nga dekada" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1880年代 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1880年代" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="1880ער – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1880ער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><table align="center" cellpadding="2" style="font-size:small;padding:2px;border:1px solid;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#DDDDDD"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1870%E2%80%931879&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1870–1879 (stránka neexistuje)">1870–1879</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1880" title="1880">1880</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1881" title="1881">1881</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1882" title="1882">1882</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1883" title="1883">1883</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1885" title="1885">1885</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1886" title="1886">1886</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1887" title="1887">1887</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1888" title="1888">1888</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a> </td> <td style="background:#DDDDDD"><a href="/wiki/1890%E2%80%931899" title="1890–1899">1890–1899</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:1880s.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1880s.png/220px-1880s.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1880s.png/330px-1880s.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1880s.png/440px-1880s.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:1888_Peterson%27s_Magazine_Fashion_plate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/1888_Peterson%27s_Magazine_Fashion_plate.jpg/220px-1888_Peterson%27s_Magazine_Fashion_plate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/1888_Peterson%27s_Magazine_Fashion_plate.jpg/330px-1888_Peterson%27s_Magazine_Fashion_plate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/1888_Peterson%27s_Magazine_Fashion_plate.jpg/440px-1888_Peterson%27s_Magazine_Fashion_plate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="834" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption>Dobová dámská móda</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Období od <a href="/wiki/1._leden" title="1. leden">1. ledna</a> <a href="/wiki/1880" title="1880">1880</a> do <a href="/wiki/31._prosinec" title="31. prosinec">31. prosince</a> <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a></b> neboli <b>osmdesátá léta <a href="/wiki/19._stolet%C3%AD" title="19. století">19. století</a></b> je charakterizováno výrazným rozvojem vědy a techniky, <a href="/wiki/Kolonialismus" title="Kolonialismus">koloniální</a> expanzí západních velmocí, rostoucím důrazem na sociální otázku i sílícími <a href="/wiki/Modern%C3%AD_um%C4%9Bn%C3%AD" title="Moderní umění">modernistickými tendencemi</a> v umění. Světová ekonomika se zotavila z krize následující po <a href="/wiki/Krach_na_v%C3%ADde%C5%88sk%C3%A9_burze" title="Krach na vídeňské burze">krachu na vídeňské burze 1873</a> a nastalo období prosperity. Narůstá produktivita průmyslu, budují se nové komunikace, roste počet obyvatelstva. Z přelidněné Evropy směřují proudy vystěhovalců na nová území, zejména v Severní Americe a Austrálii, probíhá také migrace z venkova do měst. V Německu zavádí kancléř <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a> první celostátní systém sociálního zabezpečení. V Británii vrcholí <a href="/wiki/Viktori%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_obdob%C3%AD" title="Viktoriánské období">viktoriánské období</a> s důrazem na racionalismus a modernizaci. </p><p>Na českém území podle sčítání z roku 1880 žilo 8 222 013 obyvatel, z toho 62,7 % se hlásilo k české a 36,1 % k německé národnosti. Ve městech nad dva tisíce obyvatel žilo 37,5 % osob, největšími městy byla <a href="/wiki/Praha" title="Praha">Praha</a> (397 000), <a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a> (138 000) a <a href="/wiki/Ostrava" title="Ostrava">Ostrava</a> (71 000).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politika_a_společnost"><span id="Politika_a_spole.C4.8Dnost"></span>Politika a společnost</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Politika a společnost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Politika a společnost"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Afrika_Politische_Uebersicht_Maerz_1885.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Afrika_Politische_Uebersicht_Maerz_1885.jpg/220px-Afrika_Politische_Uebersicht_Maerz_1885.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Afrika_Politische_Uebersicht_Maerz_1885.jpg/330px-Afrika_Politische_Uebersicht_Maerz_1885.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Afrika_Politische_Uebersicht_Maerz_1885.jpg/440px-Afrika_Politische_Uebersicht_Maerz_1885.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2515" /></a><figcaption>Politická mapa Afriky v roce 1885</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Začíná tzv. Závod o Afriku. Cestovatelé otevřeli cestu do vnitrozemí černého kontinentu a evropské státy se snaží zajistit si kontrolu nad přírodními zdroji. Roku 1884 byla svolána <a href="/wiki/Berl%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_konference" title="Berlínská konference">Berlínská konference</a>, na níž se jednalo o rozdělení sfér vlivu.</li> <li>Roku 1882 vznikl <a href="/wiki/Trojspolek" title="Trojspolek">Trojspolek</a>, spojenectví Německa, Rakouska-Uherska a Itálie, o rok později byla podepsána <a href="/wiki/Rakousko-rumunsk%C3%A1_aliance" title="Rakousko-rumunská aliance">rakousko-rumunská aliance</a>.</li> <li>Roku 1885 připojilo Bulharsko <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%AD_Rum%C3%A9lie" title="Východní Rumélie">Východní Rumélii</a>, následovala krátká <a href="/wiki/Srbsko-bulharsk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka_(1885)" title="Srbsko-bulharská válka (1885)">válka se Srbskem</a>.</li> <li>V letech 1879–1884 proběhla <a href="/wiki/Druh%C3%A1_tichomo%C5%99sk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Druhá tichomořská válka">druhá tichomořská válka</a>, v níž Chile porazilo Peru a Bolívii a ovládlo oblast <a href="/wiki/Atacama" title="Atacama">Atacama</a> s ložisky <a href="/wiki/Nitronatrit" title="Nitronatrit">ledku</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deodoro_da_Fonseca" title="Deodoro da Fonseca">Deodoro da Fonseca</a> svrhl roku 1889 vojenským převratem brazilského císaře <a href="/wiki/Petr_II._Brazilsk%C3%BD" title="Petr II. Brazilský">Pedra II.</a>, zanika tak poslední domácí monarchie na americkém kontinentu (státy <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Realm" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth Realm">Commonwealth Realm</a> se nepočítají, protože jejich panovník sídlí jinde).</li> <li>V USA je završeno období rekonstrukce Jihu po <a href="/wiki/Americk%C3%A1_ob%C4%8Dansk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Americká občanská válka">občanské válce</a>, po kapitulaci <a href="/wiki/Geronimo" title="Geronimo">Geronima</a> roku 1886 končí také <a href="/wiki/Indi%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_v%C3%A1lky" title="Indiánské války">indiánské války</a> a vláda upevňuje kontrolu nad <a href="/wiki/Divok%C3%BD_z%C3%A1pad" title="Divoký západ">Divokým západem</a>, v listopadu 1889 jsou do Unie přijaty nové státy <a href="/wiki/Severn%C3%AD_Dakota" title="Severní Dakota">Severní Dakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%BEn%C3%AD_Dakota" title="Jižní Dakota">Jižní Dakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> a <a href="/wiki/Washington_(st%C3%A1t)" title="Washington (stát)">Washington</a>.</li> <li>Na severozápadě Kanady povstali <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tisov%C3%A9" title="Métisové">Métisové</a> vedení <a href="/wiki/Louis_Riel" title="Louis Riel">Louisem Rielem</a>.</li> <li>V letech 1880 až 1881 proběhla <a href="/wiki/Prvn%C3%AD_b%C3%BArsk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="První búrská válka">první búrská válka</a>. V roce 1882 Britové dobyli <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1hira" title="Káhira">Káhiru</a> a zahájili okupaci Egypta, roku 1885 proti nim na jihu země vypuklo nábožensky motivované <a href="/wiki/Mahd%C3%ADho_povst%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Mahdího povstání">Mahdího povstání</a>.</li> <li>Francouzi připojili ke svým državám <a href="/wiki/Tunisko" title="Tunisko">Tunisko</a> (1881), <a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a> (1885) a <a href="/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%A1_Indo%C4%8D%C3%ADna" title="Francouzská Indočína">Indočínu</a>.</li> <li>Nové kolonie vznikaly také v Oceánii, Evropané ovládli <a href="/wiki/Tahiti" title="Tahiti">Tahiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nov%C3%A9_Hebridy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nové Hebridy">Nové Hebridy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samou</a> a <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0alomounovy_ostrovy" title="Šalomounovy ostrovy">Šalomounovy ostrovy</a>.</li> <li>V roce 1884 byla založena <a href="/wiki/Fabi%C3%A1nsk%C3%A1_spole%C4%8Dnost" title="Fabiánská společnost">Fabiánská společnost</a>, v roce 1889 <a href="/wiki/Druh%C3%A1_internacion%C3%A1la" title="Druhá internacionála">Druhá internacionála</a>.</li> <li>Francouzský ministr školství <a href="/wiki/Jules_Ferry" title="Jules Ferry">Jules Ferry</a> provedl sekularizaci výuky.</li> <li>Papež <a href="/wiki/Lev_XIII." title="Lev XIII.">Lev XIII.</a> vydal encykliku <i><a href="/wiki/Humanum_Genus" title="Humanum Genus">Humanum Genus</a></i>, reagující na rostoucí vliv protináboženských hnutí.</li> <li>Fenoménem doby se stal individuální teror, provozovaný <a href="/wiki/Anarchismus" title="Anarchismus">anarchistickými</a>, nacionalistickými a dalšími radikálními skupinami. Oběťmi atentátů se stali ruský car <a href="/wiki/Alexandr_II._Nikolajevi%C4%8D" title="Alexandr II. Nikolajevič">Alexandr II. Nikolajevič</a>, americký prezident <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a> nebo britský místodržitel v Irsku <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Cavendish" title="Frederick Cavendish">Lord Frederick Cavendish</a>, z vražedného útoku vyvázli císař <a href="/wiki/Vil%C3%A9m_I._Prusk%C3%BD" title="Vilém I. Pruský">Vilém I. Pruský</a> a královna <a href="/wiki/Viktorie_(britsk%C3%A1_kr%C3%A1lovna)" title="Viktorie (britská královna)">Viktorie</a>.</li> <li>V českých zemích je toto desetiletí charakterizováno rostoucím národnostním napětím, jehož projevem byla <a href="/wiki/Chuchelsk%C3%A1_bitka" title="Chuchelská bitka">Chuchelská bitka</a> v červnu 1881 a rozdělení <a href="/wiki/Univerzita_Karlova" title="Univerzita Karlova">pražské univerzity</a> na českou a německou část o rok později, přijetí <a href="/wiki/Jazykov%C3%A1_na%C5%99%C3%ADzen%C3%AD" title="Jazyková nařízení">jazykových nařízení</a>, která zrovnoprávnila češtinu v úředním styku, vedlo k pasivní rezistenci německých poslanců <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_zemsk%C3%BD_sn%C4%9Bm" title="Český zemský sněm">českého zemského sněmu</a>. Rostl také počet dělnických stávek a demonstrací.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Věda_a_technika"><span id="V.C4.9Bda_a_technika"></span>Věda a technika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Věda a technika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Věda a technika"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Home_Insurance_Building.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Home_Insurance_Building.JPG/220px-Home_Insurance_Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Home_Insurance_Building.JPG/330px-Home_Insurance_Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Home_Insurance_Building.JPG/440px-Home_Insurance_Building.JPG 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="880" /></a><figcaption>Home Insurance Building</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Alva_Edison" title="Thomas Alva Edison">Thomas Alva Edison</a> zakládá Edison Illuminating Company a v roce 1882 je v New Yorku uvedena do provozu první elektrárna na světě <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pearl_Street_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pearl Street Station (stránka neexistuje)">Pearl Street Station</a>.</li> <li>Roku 1884 vzlétla ve Francii první řiditelná vojenská vzducholoď <a href="/wiki/La_France" title="La France">La France</a>.</li> <li>Roku 1886 Karl Benz sestrojil <a href="/wiki/Benz_Patent_Motorwagen_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo_1" title="Benz Patent Motorwagen číslo 1">Benz Patent Motorwagen číslo 1</a>, první automobil se spalovacím motorem.</li> <li>Roku 1887 publikoval <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Hertz" title="Heinrich Hertz">Heinrich Hertz</a> objev <a href="/wiki/Fotoelektrick%C3%BD_jev" title="Fotoelektrický jev">fotoelektrického jevu</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Robert Koch</a> popsal bakterii <a href="/wiki/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis" title="Mycobacterium tuberculosis">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Pasteur" title="Louis Pasteur">Louis Pasteur</a> zahájil roku 1885 očkování proti <a href="/wiki/Vzteklina" title="Vzteklina">vzteklině</a> a roku 1888 otevřel <a href="/wiki/Pasteur%C5%AFv_%C3%BAstav" title="Pasteurův ústav">Pasteurův ústav</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Wr%C3%B3blewski" title="Zygmunt Wróblewski">Zygmunt Wróblewski</a> a <a href="/wiki/Karol_Olszewski" title="Karol Olszewski">Karol Olszewski</a> zkapalnili kyslík, dusík a oxid uhličitý z atmosféry.</li> <li>Byl otevřen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_Insurance_Building&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Home Insurance Building (stránka neexistuje)">Home Insurance Building</a> v Chicagu, první mrakodrap na světě.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Dunlop" title="John Boyd Dunlop">John Boyd Dunlop</a> uvedl roku 1887 na trh první pneumatiku.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottmar_Mergenthaler" title="Ottmar Mergenthaler">Ottmar Mergenthaler</a> vynalezl linotyp.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Umění_a_humanitní_vědy"><span id="Um.C4.9Bn.C3.AD_a_humanitn.C3.AD_v.C4.9Bdy"></span>Umění a humanitní vědy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Umění a humanitní vědy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Umění a humanitní vědy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:A_Sunday_on_La_Grande_Jatte,_Georges_Seurat,_1884.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/A_Sunday_on_La_Grande_Jatte%2C_Georges_Seurat%2C_1884.png/220px-A_Sunday_on_La_Grande_Jatte%2C_Georges_Seurat%2C_1884.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/A_Sunday_on_La_Grande_Jatte%2C_Georges_Seurat%2C_1884.png/330px-A_Sunday_on_La_Grande_Jatte%2C_Georges_Seurat%2C_1884.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/A_Sunday_on_La_Grande_Jatte%2C_Georges_Seurat%2C_1884.png/440px-A_Sunday_on_La_Grande_Jatte%2C_Georges_Seurat%2C_1884.png 2x" data-file-width="2990" data-file-height="2009" /></a><figcaption>Georges Seurat: Nedělní odpoledne na ostrově Grande Jatte (1884)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Friedrich Nietzsche</a> vydává filosofický spis <i><a href="/wiki/Tak_pravil_Zarathustra" title="Tak pravil Zarathustra">Tak pravil Zarathustra</a></i>.</li> <li>Roku 1889 se v Paříži konal první mezinárodní psychologický kongres.</li> <li>Dominantním proudem světové literatury byl v této dekádě <a href="/wiki/Realismus_(literatura)" title="Realismus (literatura)">realismus</a>. Významnými díly jsou <i>Bratři Karamazovi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Fjodor_Michajlovi%C4%8D_Dostojevskij" title="Fjodor Michajlovič Dostojevskij">Fjodor Michajlovič Dostojevskij</a>), <i>Ostrov pokladů</i> (<a href="/wiki/Robert_Louis_Stevenson" title="Robert Louis Stevenson">Robert Louis Stevenson</a>), <i>Ohněm a mečem</i> (<a href="/wiki/Henryk_Sienkiewicz" title="Henryk Sienkiewicz">Henryk Sienkiewicz</a>), <i>Miláček</i> (<a href="/wiki/Guy_de_Maupassant" title="Guy de Maupassant">Guy de Maupassant</a>) nebo <i>Pinocchiova dobrodružství</i> (<a href="/wiki/Carlo_Collodi" title="Carlo Collodi">Carlo Collodi</a>), v tomto období také tvořili <a href="/wiki/August_Strindberg" title="August Strindberg">August Strindberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a> a <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hardy" title="Thomas Hardy">Thomas Hardy</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle" title="Arthur Conan Doyle">Arthur Conan Doyle</a> vydal roku 1887 <i>Studii v šarlatové</i>, první knihu o Sherlocku Holmesovi.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Andrejevi%C4%8D_Rimskij-Korsakov" title="Nikolaj Andrejevič Rimskij-Korsakov">Nikolaj Andrejevič Rimskij-Korsakov</a> složil suitu <i>Šeherezáda</i>.</li> <li>Roku 1886 je v New Yorku odhalena <a href="/wiki/Socha_Svobody" title="Socha Svobody">Socha Svobody</a>.</li> <li>Rozvoj moderního výtvarného umění, svá vrcholná díla tvoří <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Degas" title="Edgar Degas">Edgar Degas</a> nebo <a href="/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne" title="Paul Cézanne">Paul Cézanne</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eadweard_Muybridge" title="Eadweard Muybridge">Eadweard Muybridge</a> pořídil první pohybové fotografie.</li> <li>Roku 1888 vyšlo první číslo <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Magazine" title="National Geographic Magazine">National Geographic Magazine</a>.</li> <li>Roku 1884 začal vycházet <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a>, roku 1888 <a href="/wiki/Ott%C5%AFv_slovn%C3%ADk_nau%C4%8Dn%C3%BD" title="Ottův slovník naučný">Ottův slovník naučný</a>.</li> <li>V české literatuře dozníval spor mezi <a href="/wiki/Ruchovci" title="Ruchovci">ruchovci</a> a <a href="/wiki/Lum%C3%ADrovci" title="Lumírovci">lumírovci</a>, významným představitelem historického realismu byl <a href="/wiki/Alois_Jir%C3%A1sek" title="Alois Jirásek">Alois Jirásek</a>, nastupuje generace modernistů: roku 1887 vydává <a href="/wiki/Josef_Svatopluk_Machar" title="Josef Svatopluk Machar">Josef Svatopluk Machar</a> debutovou sbírku <i>Confiteor</i>.</li> <li>V roce 1883 bylo v Praze otevřeno <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo" title="Národní divadlo">Národní divadlo</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spor_o_Rukopisy" title="Spor o Rukopisy">Spor o Rukopisy</a>: roku 1886 publikoval <a href="/wiki/Jan_Gebauer" title="Jan Gebauer">Jan Gebauer</a> článek zpochybňující pravost Rukopisů královédvorského a zelenohorského, následovaly prudké polemiky, přinášející názorové i generační tříbení uvnitř české vlastenecké inteligence.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Další_události"><span id="Dal.C5.A1.C3.AD_ud.C3.A1losti"></span>Další události</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Další události" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Další události"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Krakatoa_eruption_lithograph.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Krakatoa_eruption_lithograph.jpg/220px-Krakatoa_eruption_lithograph.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Krakatoa_eruption_lithograph.jpg/330px-Krakatoa_eruption_lithograph.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Krakatoa_eruption_lithograph.jpg/440px-Krakatoa_eruption_lithograph.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2726" data-file-height="3468" /></a><figcaption>Erupce Krakatoy na dobové litografii</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>V roce 1883 vybuchla sopka <a href="/wiki/Krakatoa" title="Krakatoa">Krakatoa</a> nedaleko Jávy, zahynulo asi 36 000 lidí a množství popela vyvrženého do atmosféry způsobilo celosvětový pokles teploty o více než jeden stupeň Celsia.</li> <li>V říjnu 1884 se ve Washingtonu konala mezinárodní konference, na které byl stanoven <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD_poledn%C3%ADk" title="Základní poledník">základní poledník</a>.</li> <li>12. srpna 1883 pošel poslední žijící exemplář <a href="/wiki/Zebra_kvaga" title="Zebra kvaga">zebry kvagy</a>.</li> <li>Roku 1884 se začal hrát první mezinárodní fotbalový turnaj <a href="/wiki/British_Home_Championship" title="British Home Championship">British Home Championship</a>, v roce 1888 byl zahájen první ročník anglické <a href="/wiki/Premier_League" title="Premier League">Premier League</a>.</li> <li>V Praze se roku 1882 konal první <a href="/wiki/V%C5%A1esokolsk%C3%BD_slet" title="Všesokolský slet">Všesokolský slet</a>.</li> <li>Roku 1886 byla poprvé vyrobena <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola</a></li> <li>V letech 1880 až 1889 se <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Lesseps" title="Ferdinand de Lesseps">Ferdinand de Lesseps</a> neúspěšně pokusil postavit <a href="/wiki/Panamsk%C3%BD_pr%C5%AFplav" title="Panamský průplav">Panamský průplav</a>.</li> <li>Roku 1888 řádil v Londýně sériový vrah známý jako <a href="/wiki/Jack_Rozparova%C4%8D" title="Jack Rozparovač">Jack Rozparovač</a>.</li> <li>Rakouskouherský <a href="/wiki/Korunn%C3%AD_princ_Rudolf" title="Korunní princ Rudolf">korunní princ Rudolf</a> spáchal 30. ledna 1889 na zámku <a href="/wiki/Mayerling_(z%C3%A1mek)" title="Mayerling (zámek)">Mayerling</a> sebevraždu.</li> <li>V Paříži se konala ke stému výročí Velké francouzské revoluce <a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%9Btov%C3%A1_v%C3%BDstava_1889" title="Světová výstava 1889">Světová výstava 1889</a>, pro kterou byla postavena <a href="/wiki/Eiffelova_v%C4%9B%C5%BE" title="Eiffelova věž">Eiffelova věž</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Narození_a_úmrtí"><span id="Narozen.C3.AD_a_.C3.BAmrt.C3.AD"></span>Narození a úmrtí</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Narození a úmrtí" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Narození a úmrtí"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Během tohoto desetiletí se narodili politici <a href="/wiki/Karel_I." title="Karel I.">Karel I.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cankaj%C5%A1ek" title="Čankajšek">Čankajšek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Bene%C5%A1" title="Edvard Beneš">Edvard Beneš</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Masaryk" title="Jan Masaryk">Jan Masaryk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik" title="Milan Rastislav Štefánik">Milan Rastislav Štefánik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Z%C3%A1potock%C3%BD" title="Antonín Zápotocký">Antonín Zápotocký</a> a <a href="/wiki/Jozef_Tiso" title="Jozef Tiso">Jozef Tiso</a>, spisovatelé <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Ha%C5%A1ek" title="Jaroslav Hašek">Jaroslav Hašek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josef_%C4%8Capek" title="Josef Čapek">Josef Čapek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Olbracht" title="Ivan Olbracht">Ivan Olbracht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bass" title="Eduard Bass">Eduard Bass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire" title="Guillaume Apollinaire">Guillaume Apollinaire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolfov%C3%A1" title="Virginia Woolfová">Virginia Woolfová</a> a <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Zweig" title="Stefan Zweig">Stefan Zweig</a>, umělci <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> a <a href="/wiki/Josef_Lada" title="Josef Lada">Josef Lada</a> i osobnosti <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Alexander Fleming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Martin Heidegger</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_S._Patton" title="George S. Patton">George S. Patton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe" title="Ludwig Mies van der Rohe">Ludwig Mies van der Rohe</a> a <a href="/wiki/Josef_Go%C4%8D%C3%A1r" title="Josef Gočár">Josef Gočár</a>. </p><p>Zemřeli politici <a href="/wiki/Alexandr_II._Nikolajevi%C4%8D" title="Alexandr II. Nikolajevič">Alexandr II. Nikolajevič</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi" title="Giuseppe Garibaldi">Giuseppe Garibaldi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vil%C3%A9m_I._Prusk%C3%BD" title="Vilém I. Pruský">Vilém I. Pruský</a> a <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a>, spisovatelé <a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Victor Hugo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Flaubert" title="Gustave Flaubert">Gustave Flaubert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fjodor_Michajlovi%C4%8D_Dostojevskij" title="Fjodor Michajlovič Dostojevskij">Fjodor Michajlovič Dostojevskij</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Sergejevi%C4%8D_Turgen%C4%9Bv" title="Ivan Sergejevič Turgeněv">Ivan Sergejevič Turgeněv</a> a <a href="/wiki/Emily_Dickinsonov%C3%A1" title="Emily Dickinsonová">Emily Dickinsonová</a>, umělci <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Liszt" title="Ferenc Liszt">Ferenc Liszt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Jacques Offenbach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modest_Petrovi%C4%8D_Musorgskij" title="Modest Petrovič Musorgskij">Modest Petrovič Musorgskij</a> a <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Édouard Manet</a> či další osobnosti jako <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregor_Mendel" title="Gregor Mendel">Gregor Mendel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korunn%C3%AD_princ_Rudolf" title="Korunní princ Rudolf">korunní princ Rudolf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Barrande" title="Joachim Barrande">Joachim Barrande</a> a <a href="/wiki/Jan_Bosco" title="Jan Bosco">Jan Bosco</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Československé dějiny v datech, Praha 1986, s. 645-649</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880%E2%80%931889&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1880s" class="extiw" title="c:Category:1880s">1880–1889</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span><i> </i></li> <li>(en) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history1800s.about.com/od/timelines/a/1880-1890-timeline.htm">Timeline from 1880 to 1890. 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