CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Linda Polka | McGill University - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="ZnE+m934EjSiB4kTYB0LCDcqCZZcQFaOQOd5CocFHbdjx2TurVdApqy6XUeYp4lxNyFzBZZwP+fvfwWMTN5YaA==" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-77f7b87cb1583fc59aa8f94756ebfe913345937eb932042b4077563bebb5fb4b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-1c712297ae3ac71207193b1bae0ecf1aae125886850f62c9c0139dd867630797.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-b2b823dd904da60a48fd1bfa1defd840610c2ff414d3f39ed3af46277ab8df3b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="author" content="linda polka" /> <meta name="description" content="Professor In Communication Sciences " /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '7c2693f48a26c10d19fcc84c379c6522d6b457d8'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15270,"monthly_visitors":"113 million","monthly_visitor_count":113363367,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":113,"user_count":277312211,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732576782000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732576782000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-296162c7af6fd81dcdd76f1a94f1fad04fb5f647401337d136fe8b68742170b1.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-37f119c313537b9b6e23505a5dd44956c4f9d1f91f1b422b249874364d4d7dd5.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-5777568707aa2da69af9c3ed24d22d1d69290ccee6b8f8a304205b0ef94dd8d6.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-ee2d162801930a1af0b956a7c8642d75edeed166c3f3454bb78544e9a90afa57.js" defer="defer"></script><script>Aedu.rankings = { showPaperRankingsLink: false } $viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3305327/1101035/35843040/s65_linda.polka.jpg","has_photo":true,"department":{"id":338604,"name":"School of Communication Sciences and Disorders","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/Departments/School_of_Communication_Sciences_and_Disorders/Documents","university":{"id":626,"name":"McGill University","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/"}},"position":"Faculty Member","position_id":1,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":144315,"name":"Speech perception/production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception_production"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka","location":"/LindaPolka","scheme":"https","host":"mcgill.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/LindaPolka","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-637bfd8d-6a89-455d-a311-6ff53d3aef1f"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-637bfd8d-6a89-455d-a311-6ff53d3aef1f"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Linda Polka" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3305327/1101035/35843040/s200_linda.polka.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Linda Polka</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/">McGill University</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/Departments/School_of_Communication_Sciences_and_Disorders/Documents">School of Communication Sciences and Disorders</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Linda" data-follow-user-id="3305327" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="3305327"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">109</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">17</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">6</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">Professor In Communication Sciences<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3305327" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception_production"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka","location":"/LindaPolka","scheme":"https","host":"mcgill.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/LindaPolka","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Speech perception/production"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-1d3ca9b1-a644-4f77-a745-f2ba31387ac3"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-1d3ca9b1-a644-4f77-a745-f2ba31387ac3"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Linda Polka</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124768358"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124768358/Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quebec-based Parents’ Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism: Evaluative Dimensions and Potential Predictors" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118932275/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124768358/Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors">Quebec-based Parents’ Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism: Evaluative Dimensions and Potential Predictors</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential pred...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential predictors of Quebec-based parents’ attitudes towards childhood multilingualism. Such attitudes are assumed to constitute a determinant of parental language choices, and thereby influence children’s multilingual development. The newly-developed Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism Questionnaire was used to gather data from 826 participants raising an infant/toddler aged 0-4 years with multiple languages. The results reveal three separate dimensions: status and solidarity (the same dimensions found in attitudes towards individual languages) as well as cognitive development (not previously attested as a separate dimension). The study thus advances knowledge regarding the dimensionality of attitudes. Participants’ approach to promoting multilingualism and the combination of languages transmitted – and specifically, whether this included a heritage language – correlated significantly with...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b0700e4d287a86d342925152352977f7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118932275,"asset_id":124768358,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118932275/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124768358"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124768358"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124768358; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124768358]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124768358]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124768358; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124768358']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124768358, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b0700e4d287a86d342925152352977f7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124768358]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124768358,"title":"Quebec-based Parents’ Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism: Evaluative Dimensions and Potential Predictors","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential predictors of Quebec-based parents’ attitudes towards childhood multilingualism. Such attitudes are assumed to constitute a determinant of parental language choices, and thereby influence children’s multilingual development. The newly-developed Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism Questionnaire was used to gather data from 826 participants raising an infant/toddler aged 0-4 years with multiple languages. The results reveal three separate dimensions: status and solidarity (the same dimensions found in attitudes towards individual languages) as well as cognitive development (not previously attested as a separate dimension). The study thus advances knowledge regarding the dimensionality of attitudes. Participants’ approach to promoting multilingualism and the combination of languages transmitted – and specifically, whether this included a heritage language – correlated significantly with...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential predictors of Quebec-based parents’ attitudes towards childhood multilingualism. Such attitudes are assumed to constitute a determinant of parental language choices, and thereby influence children’s multilingual development. The newly-developed Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism Questionnaire was used to gather data from 826 participants raising an infant/toddler aged 0-4 years with multiple languages. The results reveal three separate dimensions: status and solidarity (the same dimensions found in attitudes towards individual languages) as well as cognitive development (not previously attested as a separate dimension). The study thus advances knowledge regarding the dimensionality of attitudes. Participants’ approach to promoting multilingualism and the combination of languages transmitted – and specifically, whether this included a heritage language – correlated significantly with...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124768358/Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-10-15T23:57:45.014-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118932275,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118932275/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118932275/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118932275/download-libre.pdf?1729062671=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580381\u0026Signature=Q7WgfyjXRjify0p~JDvNBAmYfYJfAdTKdJG047TyTDCHTEDpMfBAJRZv5mk8buATgsCYJ5P5zWExEWzxpcrbjMS6agIdj9Qs9fM~QOEtf2kApClu1TbR9yN51k49hWxSjPeHUcyi2mmhuY3C2TdxyEHpfu9Ji01O6lx1Jm~3VKTKrIvmd4i8MiFChJ0iKERmCFydehJX4V3xwPIeWsUewuHn8HXrbJ0SxIEkySQOwvBwfVSihdBoVNS2o6kMaZuXU~MwZ-GG~ZzQhwuPfq7hh9AyBD~EWglzr91gVIjFNh-R6u3eap4K5sDpitlT-ip9nC8v-JM4j4mnhOcBPvRGQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors","translated_slug":"","page_count":36,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":118932275,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118932275/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118932275/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118932275/download-libre.pdf?1729062671=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580381\u0026Signature=Q7WgfyjXRjify0p~JDvNBAmYfYJfAdTKdJG047TyTDCHTEDpMfBAJRZv5mk8buATgsCYJ5P5zWExEWzxpcrbjMS6agIdj9Qs9fM~QOEtf2kApClu1TbR9yN51k49hWxSjPeHUcyi2mmhuY3C2TdxyEHpfu9Ji01O6lx1Jm~3VKTKrIvmd4i8MiFChJ0iKERmCFydehJX4V3xwPIeWsUewuHn8HXrbJ0SxIEkySQOwvBwfVSihdBoVNS2o6kMaZuXU~MwZ-GG~ZzQhwuPfq7hh9AyBD~EWglzr91gVIjFNh-R6u3eap4K5sDpitlT-ip9nC8v-JM4j4mnhOcBPvRGQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":252,"name":"Developmental Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology"},{"id":2308,"name":"Multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multilingualism"},{"id":177125,"name":"Language Culture and Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Culture_and_Communication"},{"id":664584,"name":"Social Psychology of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology_of_Language"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118885044"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118885044/A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Sound Approach to Language Matters" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118885044/A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters">A Sound Approach to Language Matters</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, col...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, colleagues and research collaborators. The Festschrift is divided into six sections, moving from the smallest building blocks of language, through gradually expanding objects of linguistic inquiry to the highest levels of description - all of which have formed a part of Ocke’s career, in connection with his teaching and/or his academic productions: “Segments”, “Perception of Accent”, “Between Sounds and Graphemes”, “Prosody”, “Morphology and Syntax” and “Second Language Acquisition”. Each one of these illustrates a sound approach to language matters.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118885044"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118885044"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118885044; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118885044]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118885044]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118885044; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118885044']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118885044, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118885044]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118885044,"title":"A Sound Approach to Language Matters","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, colleagues and research collaborators. The Festschrift is divided into six sections, moving from the smallest building blocks of language, through gradually expanding objects of linguistic inquiry to the highest levels of description - all of which have formed a part of Ocke’s career, in connection with his teaching and/or his academic productions: “Segments”, “Perception of Accent”, “Between Sounds and Graphemes”, “Prosody”, “Morphology and Syntax” and “Second Language Acquisition”. Each one of these illustrates a sound approach to language matters.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services"},"translated_abstract":"The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, colleagues and research collaborators. The Festschrift is divided into six sections, moving from the smallest building blocks of language, through gradually expanding objects of linguistic inquiry to the highest levels of description - all of which have formed a part of Ocke’s career, in connection with his teaching and/or his academic productions: “Segments”, “Perception of Accent”, “Between Sounds and Graphemes”, “Prosody”, “Morphology and Syntax” and “Second Language Acquisition”. Each one of these illustrates a sound approach to language matters.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118885044/A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-10T16:06:22.096-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":6671,"name":"Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntax"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":41144,"name":"Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody"},{"id":878377,"name":"Stress (Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Linguistics_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="115407743"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/115407743/Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Learning two languages from birth shapes pre-attentive processing of vowel categories: Electrophysiological correlates of vowel discrimination in monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822790/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/115407743/Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals">Learning two languages from birth shapes pre-attentive processing of vowel categories: Electrophysiological correlates of vowel discrimination in monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bilingualism: Language and Cognition</span><span>, Dec 5, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="213b3f25db0fbf131598b1afc613a717" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":111822790,"asset_id":115407743,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822790/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="115407743"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="115407743"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 115407743; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=115407743]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=115407743]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 115407743; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='115407743']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 115407743, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "213b3f25db0fbf131598b1afc613a717" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=115407743]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":115407743,"title":"Learning two languages from birth shapes pre-attentive processing of vowel categories: Electrophysiological correlates of vowel discrimination in monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","grobid_abstract":"Using event-related brain potentials (ERPs), we measured pre-attentive processing involved in native vowel perception as reflected by the mismatch negativity (MMN) in monolingual and simultaneous bilingual (SB) users of Canadian English and Canadian French in response to various pairings of four vowels: English /u/, French /u/, French /y/, and a control /y/. The monolingual listeners exhibited a discrimination pattern that was shaped by their native language experience. The SB listeners, on the other hand, exhibited a MMN pattern that was distinct from both monolingual listener groups, suggesting that the SB pre-attentive system is tuned to access sub-phonemic detail with respect to both input languages, including detail that is not readily accessed by either of their monolingual peers. Additionally, SBs exhibited sensitivity to language context generated by the standard vowel in the MMN paradigm. The automatic access to fine phonetic detail may aid SB listeners to rapidly adjust their perception to the variable listening conditions that they frequently encounter.","publication_date":{"day":5,"month":12,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":111822790},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/115407743/Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-02-25T12:29:23.834-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":111822790,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822790/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p2677147q.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822790/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111822790/p2677147q-libre.pdf?1708896961=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLearning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=SpzoWuAKzyIo83yugjJBz-2kKNn0sUCULKRHoQYwJd~nDwxBLts3ZMwib8q7JT7409Yl44OfW1fQPvV43XTXpPoej7zHh3oJi0OVH~tzzgCu1TO-9rmo4Q8yZ0Gp2saWsQk5omccvW8mlWr9AOyL0XPf5XnbBx8bPCOey8p0OoCGZj0tnmaaJvISO2CBfbx4nROVjtYGbGKikueVjwJ3NNB954GolpUQ-ijWA0gy2XvAuE8eMgPrAkCW32ndAqBxS~Jl6Xzs5WazFpoJn9qwPZNUBLXWbPZoxfFr~7CdDYcvHVAwl8v1f6zgef7gN8ClQJB99jiI5AX-XZj37DRByg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals","translated_slug":"","page_count":39,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":111822790,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822790/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p2677147q.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822790/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111822790/p2677147q-libre.pdf?1708896961=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLearning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=SpzoWuAKzyIo83yugjJBz-2kKNn0sUCULKRHoQYwJd~nDwxBLts3ZMwib8q7JT7409Yl44OfW1fQPvV43XTXpPoej7zHh3oJi0OVH~tzzgCu1TO-9rmo4Q8yZ0Gp2saWsQk5omccvW8mlWr9AOyL0XPf5XnbBx8bPCOey8p0OoCGZj0tnmaaJvISO2CBfbx4nROVjtYGbGKikueVjwJ3NNB954GolpUQ-ijWA0gy2XvAuE8eMgPrAkCW32ndAqBxS~Jl6Xzs5WazFpoJn9qwPZNUBLXWbPZoxfFr~7CdDYcvHVAwl8v1f6zgef7gN8ClQJB99jiI5AX-XZj37DRByg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":111822789,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822789/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p2677147q.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822789/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111822789/p2677147q-libre.pdf?1708896963=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLearning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=HSIUF1L4Shnco954Af-aa-HfeDasTiU4XhmCPyG4Ecy1XOLzUIMMNUB~4QFEia3C4V5GbMhSZcs3mBzUcK0rNTork62YLUD1t9dy5BYgzF6owjRkCZvB8XVRhV~pvsEqIpJFEI57R8QjLxV2NWDv91bax39gr-6eA8-LRF17xZucfI1fAmbzGU426ynOTfuTzGYXMJJ-vXI9B8JxNZS6f6tnMY5bIE~ewFYWAuNDKxK6kyFubOV-gBa~gB9bPI4Fa3YViYlIMr1wXdd-wAi4CRCWhoH8F8H03xcYLuS93~073ps3H-KY0ehP8IWPfJGcSTPwletplj5QCfIOBqlQWw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism"},{"id":116533,"name":"Active Listening","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Active_Listening"},{"id":253554,"name":"Mismatch Negativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mismatch_Negativity"},{"id":1114253,"name":"VOWEL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VOWEL"}],"urls":[{"id":39793311,"url":"http://escholarship.mcgill.ca/downloads/p2677147q"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="107484820"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/107484820/Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Code-switching in parents’ everyday speech to bilingual infants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/107484820/Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants">Code-switching in parents’ everyday speech to bilingual infants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingual parents’ code-switching when speaking to their infants. In a pre-registered study, we identified instances of code-switching in day-long at-home audio recordings of 21 French–English bilingual families in Montreal, Canada, who provided recordings when their infant was 10 and 18 months old. Overall, rates of infant-directed code-switching were low, averaging 7 times per hour (6 times per 1,000 words) at 10 months and increasing to 28 times per hour (18 times per 1,000 words) at 18 months. Parents code-switched more between sentences than within a sentence; this pattern was even more pronounced when infants were 18 months than when they were 10 months. The most common apparent reasons for code-switching were to bolster their infant’s understanding and to teach vocabulary words. Combined, these results suggest that bilingual parents code-switch in ways that support successful bilingual l...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="107484820"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="107484820"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107484820; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107484820]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107484820]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107484820; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='107484820']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 107484820, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=107484820]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":107484820,"title":"Code-switching in parents’ everyday speech to bilingual infants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingual parents’ code-switching when speaking to their infants. In a pre-registered study, we identified instances of code-switching in day-long at-home audio recordings of 21 French–English bilingual families in Montreal, Canada, who provided recordings when their infant was 10 and 18 months old. Overall, rates of infant-directed code-switching were low, averaging 7 times per hour (6 times per 1,000 words) at 10 months and increasing to 28 times per hour (18 times per 1,000 words) at 18 months. Parents code-switched more between sentences than within a sentence; this pattern was even more pronounced when infants were 18 months than when they were 10 months. The most common apparent reasons for code-switching were to bolster their infant’s understanding and to teach vocabulary words. Combined, these results suggest that bilingual parents code-switch in ways that support successful bilingual l...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingual parents’ code-switching when speaking to their infants. In a pre-registered study, we identified instances of code-switching in day-long at-home audio recordings of 21 French–English bilingual families in Montreal, Canada, who provided recordings when their infant was 10 and 18 months old. Overall, rates of infant-directed code-switching were low, averaging 7 times per hour (6 times per 1,000 words) at 10 months and increasing to 28 times per hour (18 times per 1,000 words) at 18 months. Parents code-switched more between sentences than within a sentence; this pattern was even more pronounced when infants were 18 months than when they were 10 months. The most common apparent reasons for code-switching were to bolster their infant’s understanding and to teach vocabulary words. Combined, these results suggest that bilingual parents code-switch in ways that support successful bilingual l...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107484820/Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-10-02T06:43:31.125-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":5591,"name":"Vocabulary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocabulary"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":131779,"name":"Code Switching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Code_Switching"},{"id":177125,"name":"Language Culture and Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Culture_and_Communication"},{"id":961850,"name":"Sentence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sentence"},{"id":1239165,"name":"Child Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_Language"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104500215"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104500215/Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Language familiarity mediates identification of bilingual talkers across languages" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104500215/Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages">Language familiarity mediates identification of bilingual talkers across languages</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native languag...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native language than in an unfamiliar language; yet, little is known about the nature of this language familiarity effect in bilingual speech. Here, we investigate the links between language and talker processing further by assessing listeners’ ability to identify bilingual talkers across languages. Two groups were recruited: English monolinguals and English-French bilinguals. Participants learned to identify bilinguals speaking in only one language (English); they were then tested on their ability to identify the same talkers speaking in the trained language (same language context: English) and in their other language (different language context: French). Both monolinguals and bilinguals showed above chance performance in identifying talkers in both language contexts at test, confirming that there is sufficient information in bilingual speech to generalize across languages. Moreover, the results showed a language context e...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104500215"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104500215"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104500215; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104500215]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104500215]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104500215; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='104500215']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 104500215, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=104500215]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":104500215,"title":"Language familiarity mediates identification of bilingual talkers across languages","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native language than in an unfamiliar language; yet, little is known about the nature of this language familiarity effect in bilingual speech. Here, we investigate the links between language and talker processing further by assessing listeners’ ability to identify bilingual talkers across languages. Two groups were recruited: English monolinguals and English-French bilinguals. Participants learned to identify bilinguals speaking in only one language (English); they were then tested on their ability to identify the same talkers speaking in the trained language (same language context: English) and in their other language (different language context: French). Both monolinguals and bilinguals showed above chance performance in identifying talkers in both language contexts at test, confirming that there is sufficient information in bilingual speech to generalize across languages. Moreover, the results showed a language context e...","publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":"Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native language than in an unfamiliar language; yet, little is known about the nature of this language familiarity effect in bilingual speech. Here, we investigate the links between language and talker processing further by assessing listeners’ ability to identify bilingual talkers across languages. Two groups were recruited: English monolinguals and English-French bilinguals. Participants learned to identify bilinguals speaking in only one language (English); they were then tested on their ability to identify the same talkers speaking in the trained language (same language context: English) and in their other language (different language context: French). Both monolinguals and bilinguals showed above chance performance in identifying talkers in both language contexts at test, confirming that there is sufficient information in bilingual speech to generalize across languages. Moreover, the results showed a language context e...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104500215/Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-07-12T06:13:21.545-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="95896420"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/95896420/Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantifying sources of variability in infancy research using the infant-directed speech preference" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97948407/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/95896420/Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference">Quantifying sources of variability in infancy research using the infant-directed speech preference</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability. Infancy researchers face specific challenges related to replicability: high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations, amongst other factors. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multi-site study aimed at 1) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically-important phenomenon and 2) examining methodological, situational, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult were created using semi-naturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings in North American English. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="86138bd2013e9986685516ac5bd3062a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":97948407,"asset_id":95896420,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97948407/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="95896420"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="95896420"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 95896420; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=95896420]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=95896420]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 95896420; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='95896420']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 95896420, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "86138bd2013e9986685516ac5bd3062a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=95896420]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":95896420,"title":"Quantifying sources of variability in infancy research using the infant-directed speech preference","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability. Infancy researchers face specific challenges related to replicability: high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations, amongst other factors. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multi-site study aimed at 1) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically-important phenomenon and 2) examining methodological, situational, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult were created using semi-naturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings in North American English. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability. Infancy researchers face specific challenges related to replicability: high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations, amongst other factors. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multi-site study aimed at 1) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically-important phenomenon and 2) examining methodological, situational, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult were created using semi-naturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings in North American English. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95896420/Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-01-29T04:03:16.359-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":97948407,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97948407/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97948407/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/97948407/ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2-libre.pdf?1674993948=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=RE3YCMmwcUDU-eCVgfelNIGm3FxUER~JrZziwYbnZ3wZ4eOoM1tYIeTWdkVWgiF0ZG2grBJ21FiZo06pzlGXfRHJ3wW1rh~7TQD10W4z2RDb7Vfvq4cwv0wx-TVDg0mQB~Jfj4CKV-dYY5q0S2bldX12IO5NsfoswCqldfHxD31FdInfkiDtAc89fZXLNu2egcodf093iCdHJR7EaKtcYn53dV18AaVZVurwZM6yHfeRaIMTKLuVtAb134gDW1pX1qC4P0TRMm4M-XybZiIEgNCdfrg8L0zHxEh9S3ejfjtfv7W~6vusUw~rIaRTYbe7x4K8EYTbAaA8azeosGbF-w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference","translated_slug":"","page_count":69,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":97948407,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97948407/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97948407/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/97948407/ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2-libre.pdf?1674993948=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=RE3YCMmwcUDU-eCVgfelNIGm3FxUER~JrZziwYbnZ3wZ4eOoM1tYIeTWdkVWgiF0ZG2grBJ21FiZo06pzlGXfRHJ3wW1rh~7TQD10W4z2RDb7Vfvq4cwv0wx-TVDg0mQB~Jfj4CKV-dYY5q0S2bldX12IO5NsfoswCqldfHxD31FdInfkiDtAc89fZXLNu2egcodf093iCdHJR7EaKtcYn53dV18AaVZVurwZM6yHfeRaIMTKLuVtAb134gDW1pX1qC4P0TRMm4M-XybZiIEgNCdfrg8L0zHxEh9S3ejfjtfv7W~6vusUw~rIaRTYbe7x4K8EYTbAaA8azeosGbF-w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":252,"name":"Developmental Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology"},{"id":1417,"name":"Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":19011,"name":"First Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition"},{"id":24212,"name":"Open Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Open_Data"},{"id":29470,"name":"Infancy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infancy"},{"id":33513,"name":"Situational Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Situational_Ethics"},{"id":37072,"name":"Experimental Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Methods"},{"id":64987,"name":"Social Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Development"},{"id":183646,"name":"Infant-directed speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant-directed_speech"},{"id":548543,"name":"Motherese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motherese"},{"id":594292,"name":"Infant communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant_communication"},{"id":598886,"name":"Preregistration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Preregistration"},{"id":913924,"name":"Preference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Preference"},{"id":1007780,"name":"Language Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Communication-1"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755148"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755148/Family_language_policy_among_Qu%C3%A9bec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Family language policy among Québec-based parents raising multilingual infants and toddlers: A study of resources as a form of language management" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755148/Family_language_policy_among_Qu%C3%A9bec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management">Family language policy among Québec-based parents raising multilingual infants and toddlers: A study of resources as a form of language management</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a wa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a way of influencing children’s language practices. We introduce the distinction between child-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with opportunities to engage with their children in the languages they are transmitting) and parent-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with information about multilingual child-rearing). This study focused on the awareness and use of, as well as the desire for, such resources among Québec-based parents (n=819) raising infants/toddlers (0-4 years) with multiple languages in the home. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically, and qualitative data were analyzed using a computer assisted discourse study. We compared parents transmitting at least one immigrant heritage language – usually in addition to English and/or French (HL parents), and parents transmitting only English and French (non-HL...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755148"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755148"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755148; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755148]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755148]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755148; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755148']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755148, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755148]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755148,"title":"Family language policy among Québec-based parents raising multilingual infants and toddlers: A study of resources as a form of language management","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a way of influencing children’s language practices. We introduce the distinction between child-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with opportunities to engage with their children in the languages they are transmitting) and parent-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with information about multilingual child-rearing). This study focused on the awareness and use of, as well as the desire for, such resources among Québec-based parents (n=819) raising infants/toddlers (0-4 years) with multiple languages in the home. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically, and qualitative data were analyzed using a computer assisted discourse study. We compared parents transmitting at least one immigrant heritage language – usually in addition to English and/or French (HL parents), and parents transmitting only English and French (non-HL...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a way of influencing children’s language practices. We introduce the distinction between child-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with opportunities to engage with their children in the languages they are transmitting) and parent-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with information about multilingual child-rearing). This study focused on the awareness and use of, as well as the desire for, such resources among Québec-based parents (n=819) raising infants/toddlers (0-4 years) with multiple languages in the home. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically, and qualitative data were analyzed using a computer assisted discourse study. We compared parents transmitting at least one immigrant heritage language – usually in addition to English and/or French (HL parents), and parents transmitting only English and French (non-HL...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755148/Family_language_policy_among_Qu%C3%A9bec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:51.223-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Family_language_policy_among_Québec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755141"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755141/Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Infants lexical tone discrimination: Pin-pointing the age of perceptual reorganization" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755141/Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization">Infants lexical tone discrimination: Pin-pointing the age of perceptual reorganization</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755141"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755141"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755141; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755141]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755141]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755141; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755141']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755141, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755141]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755141,"title":"Infants lexical tone discrimination: Pin-pointing the age of perceptual reorganization","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755141/Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:46.958-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755138"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755138/Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigating naturalistic code-switching directed towards infants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755138/Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants">Investigating naturalistic code-switching directed towards infants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755138"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755138"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755138; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755138]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755138; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755138']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755138, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755138]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755138,"title":"Investigating naturalistic code-switching directed towards infants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755138/Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:43.587-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":131779,"name":"Code Switching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Code_Switching"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755134"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755134/A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A universal bias in adult vowel perception – By ear or by eye" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94230520/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755134/A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye">A universal bias in adult vowel perception – By ear or by eye</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cognition</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b509d96db3f19342e55dfe3d7902653d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":94230520,"asset_id":90755134,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94230520/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755134"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755134"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755134; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755134]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755134]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755134; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755134']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755134, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b509d96db3f19342e55dfe3d7902653d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755134]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755134,"title":"A universal bias in adult vowel perception – By ear or by eye","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"Speech perceivers are universally biased toward ''focal\" vowels (i.e., vowels whose adjacent formants are close in frequency, which concentrates acoustic energy into a narrower spectral region). This bias is demonstrated in phonetic discrimination tasks as a directional asymmetry: a change from a relatively less to a relatively more focal vowel results in significantly better performance than a change in the reverse direction. We investigated whether the critical information for this directional effect is limited to the auditory modality, or whether visible articulatory information provided by the speaker's face also plays a role. Unimodal auditory and visual as well as bimodal (auditory-visual) vowel stimuli were created from video recordings of a speaker producing variants of /u/, differing in both their degree of focalization and visible lip rounding (i.e., lip compression and protrusion). In Experiment 1, we confirmed that subjects showed an asymmetry while discriminating the auditory vowel stimuli. We then found, in Experiment 2, a similar asymmetry when subjects lipread those same vowels. In Experiment 3, we found asymmetries, comparable to those found for unimodal vowels, for bimodal vowels when the audio and visual channels were phonetically-congruent. In contrast, when the audio and visual channels were phonetically-incongruent (as in the ''McGurk effect\"), this asymmetry was disrupted. These findings collectively suggest that the perceptual processes underlying the ''focal\" vowel bias are sensitive to articulatory information available across sensory modalities, and raise foundational issues concerning the extent to which vowel perception derives from general-auditory or speech-gesture-specific processes.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cognition","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":94230520},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755134/A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:42.549-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":94230520,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94230520/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94230520/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/94230520/j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw-libre.pdf?1668451041=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=UHyYzDmsk8wlBIDH0MP2479gYoCa60YPLK4kfLBvdjXHWRLd4ePPTIVcEQu3Q89z6nc-da33GnINrG5e3tbP8O8S6Z2Mi0b2GY5xaz2fXDt6j0NHK56aQVbfS3QMzQUzwA0jmNnLS~EpT9gHOC1pkrKuGukQbpyxmqtx0Ye7VmD-6fPjWOV-q~vnqJEGbHaP-YK9p46sOoy626L506a~2~rIB9SOsDkzbGjWnDJbmUeEzfRRfJOEl3JMMVRlJt9PKnkhnxSaFAlWZNa8AnAfto8AbUGahpGy2wW3CWyDOU8UZTVXVg6jYqU23zU9QWZmajym-kOE8G5nAfyfhORydA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":94230520,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94230520/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94230520/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/94230520/j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw-libre.pdf?1668451041=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=UHyYzDmsk8wlBIDH0MP2479gYoCa60YPLK4kfLBvdjXHWRLd4ePPTIVcEQu3Q89z6nc-da33GnINrG5e3tbP8O8S6Z2Mi0b2GY5xaz2fXDt6j0NHK56aQVbfS3QMzQUzwA0jmNnLS~EpT9gHOC1pkrKuGukQbpyxmqtx0Ye7VmD-6fPjWOV-q~vnqJEGbHaP-YK9p46sOoy626L506a~2~rIB9SOsDkzbGjWnDJbmUeEzfRRfJOEl3JMMVRlJt9PKnkhnxSaFAlWZNa8AnAfto8AbUGahpGy2wW3CWyDOU8UZTVXVg6jYqU23zU9QWZmajym-kOE8G5nAfyfhORydA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":5591,"name":"Vocabulary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocabulary"},{"id":8056,"name":"Speech Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Acoustics"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":42799,"name":"Speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult"},{"id":177125,"name":"Language Culture and Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Culture_and_Communication"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult"},{"id":2428413,"name":"Acoustic Stimulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Stimulation"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"}],"urls":[{"id":25955171,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0010027717301634?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755131"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755131/Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Perception of coarticulated vowels by prelingual infants: Formant transitions specify vowel identity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755131/Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity">Perception of coarticulated vowels by prelingual infants: Formant transitions specify vowel identity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Sile...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Silent Center paradigm to examine which acoustic properties of coarticulated vowels (target‐spectral, dynamic‐spectral) define vowel identity in prelingual infants. Acoustic analyses of naturally produced original syllables (/dVt/ with V=/i, e, I, E, o, U/) revealed no vowel inherent spectral change but only formant movement associated with the gestures for the initial and final consonants. The original syllables were electronically modified to obtain test syllables which contained target‐spectral information (the vowel nucleus only), only initial or only final formant transitions, or initial and final transitions in their appropriate temporal relationship, with the vowel nucleus attenuated to silence. Four groups of ten infants each (aged 7–11 months) were tested in the conditioned headturn procedure for discrimination of the test syllables. Each group was tested on one of four contrasts (/i/–/e/, /e/–/I/, /E/–/I...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755131"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755131"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755131; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755131]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755131]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755131; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755131']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755131, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755131]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755131,"title":"Perception of coarticulated vowels by prelingual infants: Formant transitions specify vowel identity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Silent Center paradigm to examine which acoustic properties of coarticulated vowels (target‐spectral, dynamic‐spectral) define vowel identity in prelingual infants. Acoustic analyses of naturally produced original syllables (/dVt/ with V=/i, e, I, E, o, U/) revealed no vowel inherent spectral change but only formant movement associated with the gestures for the initial and final consonants. The original syllables were electronically modified to obtain test syllables which contained target‐spectral information (the vowel nucleus only), only initial or only final formant transitions, or initial and final transitions in their appropriate temporal relationship, with the vowel nucleus attenuated to silence. Four groups of ten infants each (aged 7–11 months) were tested in the conditioned headturn procedure for discrimination of the test syllables. Each group was tested on one of four contrasts (/i/–/e/, /e/–/I/, /E/–/I...","publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":"German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Silent Center paradigm to examine which acoustic properties of coarticulated vowels (target‐spectral, dynamic‐spectral) define vowel identity in prelingual infants. Acoustic analyses of naturally produced original syllables (/dVt/ with V=/i, e, I, E, o, U/) revealed no vowel inherent spectral change but only formant movement associated with the gestures for the initial and final consonants. The original syllables were electronically modified to obtain test syllables which contained target‐spectral information (the vowel nucleus only), only initial or only final formant transitions, or initial and final transitions in their appropriate temporal relationship, with the vowel nucleus attenuated to silence. Four groups of ten infants each (aged 7–11 months) were tested in the conditioned headturn procedure for discrimination of the test syllables. Each group was tested on one of four contrasts (/i/–/e/, /e/–/I/, /E/–/I...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755131/Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:42.076-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics"},{"id":17018,"name":"Music and identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_and_identity"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":127474,"name":"Formant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Formant"},{"id":1114253,"name":"VOWEL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VOWEL"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755130"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755130/Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Vowel categorization of monolingual and simultaneous bilingual speakers of English and French: Effects of language experience and language mode" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755130/Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode">Vowel categorization of monolingual and simultaneous bilingual speakers of English and French: Effects of language experience and language mode</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755130"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755130"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755130; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755130]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755130]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755130; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755130']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755130, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755130]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755130,"title":"Vowel categorization of monolingual and simultaneous bilingual speakers of English and French: Effects of language experience and language mode","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755130/Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:41.855-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755076"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755076/Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Delay? No way! Bilingual infants are more efficient word learners" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755076/Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners">Delay? No way! Bilingual infants are more efficient word learners</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755076"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755076"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755076; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755076]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755076]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755076; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755076']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755076, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755076]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755076,"title":"Delay? No way! Bilingual infants are more efficient word learners","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755076/Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:23:49.850-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="82603599"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/82603599/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetries in vowel perception" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88256048/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/82603599/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception">Asymmetries in vowel perception</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Speech Communication</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5bd64bec8a123b743ffb3d8e264f3010" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88256048,"asset_id":82603599,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88256048/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="82603599"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82603599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82603599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82603599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82603599]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82603599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='82603599']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82603599, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5bd64bec8a123b743ffb3d8e264f3010" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=82603599]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":82603599,"title":"Asymmetries in vowel perception","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"Asymmetries in vowel perception occur such that discrimination of a vowel change presented in one direction is easier compared to the same change presented in the reverse direction. Although such effects have been repeatedly reported in the literature there has been little effort to explain when or why they occur. We review studies that report asymmetries in vowel perception in infants and propose that these data indicate that babies are predisposed to respond differently to vowels that occupy different positions in the articulatory/acoustic vowel space (defined by F1-F2) such that the more peripheral vowel within a contrast serves as a reference or perceptual anchor. As such, these asymmetries reveal a language-universal perceptual bias that infants bring to the task of vowel discrimination. We present some new data that support our peripherality hypothesis and then compare the data on asymmetries in human infants with findings obtained with birds and cats. This comparison suggests that asymmetries evident in humans are unlikely to reflect general auditory mechanisms. Several important directions for further research are outlined and some potential implications of these asymmetries for understanding speech development are discussed.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Speech Communication","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":88256048},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82603599/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-07-04T12:13:29.210-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88256048,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88256048/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pobo2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88256048/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88256048/pobo2-libre.pdf?1656964086=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAsymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=JwgFwkS6kw5CZvYZ~SipTYhLs7KmFPk4oHIL~pe5yHqWn3UmJXSAz5mC1uZmZsZLzCYLjbcGCS-WNGAQTDSy4HanP1v0~ERU3cZgghVcXhvf3z4K4Xl~g7y4JJdGPq-1Ttlfrf~0EfS3Ae0nbOdPqUXvnp2qT~pr4H8qtoJi~T1vrVdZ9A6lTWgf-x0KG99WxNMsrCzRYYMq4VjKLXzyboG09ZyipAKN09k7E4uBFW1Y1vj9DbQTlsmqbrYIXQ0paqnyGQNRC~1cgk2fXu5SEQGx0hCx-AIyvDftDIt5bQ39IUf4AA37u3qyMakIejZ5j0jEPu1isCk7EoS-9adwaA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":88256048,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88256048/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pobo2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88256048/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88256048/pobo2-libre.pdf?1656964086=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAsymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=JwgFwkS6kw5CZvYZ~SipTYhLs7KmFPk4oHIL~pe5yHqWn3UmJXSAz5mC1uZmZsZLzCYLjbcGCS-WNGAQTDSy4HanP1v0~ERU3cZgghVcXhvf3z4K4Xl~g7y4JJdGPq-1Ttlfrf~0EfS3Ae0nbOdPqUXvnp2qT~pr4H8qtoJi~T1vrVdZ9A6lTWgf-x0KG99WxNMsrCzRYYMq4VjKLXzyboG09ZyipAKN09k7E4uBFW1Y1vj9DbQTlsmqbrYIXQ0paqnyGQNRC~1cgk2fXu5SEQGx0hCx-AIyvDftDIt5bQ39IUf4AA37u3qyMakIejZ5j0jEPu1isCk7EoS-9adwaA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication"}],"urls":[{"id":21922241,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S016763930200105X?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578749"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578749/The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Ins and Outs of Baby Talk" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905369/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578749/The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk">The Ins and Outs of Baby Talk</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Acoustics Today</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="47e0e5602c5df0a5992ff181f2a9c13c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84905369,"asset_id":77578749,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905369/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578749"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578749"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578749; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578749]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578749]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578749; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578749']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578749, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "47e0e5602c5df0a5992ff181f2a9c13c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578749]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578749,"title":"The Ins and Outs of Baby Talk","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Acoustics Today"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578749/The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:12.386-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84905369,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905369/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905369/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905369/The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka-libre.pdf?1650934040=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=PDe5sJBCbBYF7xX5jGdbY4C-ReP0XqekMCDRR29vxq5LXovQJJnGsTlMWjywDqnVKlLbSZqZZQPVlwFn5rIB8XxDyihmwhE2vfFDkYYmZTWaaTnG--qKAbSZdg8R4nClIiLDHe5x9gv~Lj52~WoqzHc9YuKU72BPGLcVatIsJ4laahKc3PzlYhzvkUG07pMSDlyofQBdcnhb8Yl8g5C~-e0zMuna4-CkQossh9CT9iV9~8kzbos~YbgpZhiQAqShic845WhUFb8KmsJw6JSvCFcLY5srQo9PrygaMDoypbr-mtOLH~lE7kr8MOe0~nKs8cAO5vjgAuohD1Fg0Ur9qA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84905369,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905369/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905369/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905369/The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka-libre.pdf?1650934040=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=PDe5sJBCbBYF7xX5jGdbY4C-ReP0XqekMCDRR29vxq5LXovQJJnGsTlMWjywDqnVKlLbSZqZZQPVlwFn5rIB8XxDyihmwhE2vfFDkYYmZTWaaTnG--qKAbSZdg8R4nClIiLDHe5x9gv~Lj52~WoqzHc9YuKU72BPGLcVatIsJ4laahKc3PzlYhzvkUG07pMSDlyofQBdcnhb8Yl8g5C~-e0zMuna4-CkQossh9CT9iV9~8kzbos~YbgpZhiQAqShic845WhUFb8KmsJw6JSvCFcLY5srQo9PrygaMDoypbr-mtOLH~lE7kr8MOe0~nKs8cAO5vjgAuohD1Fg0Ur9qA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578748"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578748/Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Word segmentation in monolingual a of English and" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84859359/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578748/Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and">Word segmentation in monolingual a of English and</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is shaped by experience listening to a specific language or language type. This issue was explored by comparing segmentation of bi-syllabic words in monolingual and bilingual 7.5-month-old learners of French and English. In a native-language condition, monolingual infants segmented bi-syllabic words with the predominant stress pattern of their native language. Monolingual French infants also segmented in a different dialect of French, whereas both monolingual groups failed in a cross-language test, i.e. English infants failed to segment in French and vice versa. These findings support the hypothesis that word segmentation is shaped by infant sensitivity to the rhythmic structure of their native language. Our finding that bilingual infants segment bi-syllabic words in two native languages at the same age as their monolingual peers shows that dual language exposure does not delay the emergenc...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1d613232b0a2fd74e5c52e1570f19821" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84859359,"asset_id":77578748,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84859359/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578748"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578748"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578748; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578748]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578748]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578748; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578748']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578748, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1d613232b0a2fd74e5c52e1570f19821" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578748]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578748,"title":"Word segmentation in monolingual a of English and","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is shaped by experience listening to a specific language or language type. This issue was explored by comparing segmentation of bi-syllabic words in monolingual and bilingual 7.5-month-old learners of French and English. In a native-language condition, monolingual infants segmented bi-syllabic words with the predominant stress pattern of their native language. Monolingual French infants also segmented in a different dialect of French, whereas both monolingual groups failed in a cross-language test, i.e. English infants failed to segment in French and vice versa. These findings support the hypothesis that word segmentation is shaped by infant sensitivity to the rhythmic structure of their native language. Our finding that bilingual infants segment bi-syllabic words in two native languages at the same age as their monolingual peers shows that dual language exposure does not delay the emergenc...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is shaped by experience listening to a specific language or language type. This issue was explored by comparing segmentation of bi-syllabic words in monolingual and bilingual 7.5-month-old learners of French and English. In a native-language condition, monolingual infants segmented bi-syllabic words with the predominant stress pattern of their native language. Monolingual French infants also segmented in a different dialect of French, whereas both monolingual groups failed in a cross-language test, i.e. English infants failed to segment in French and vice versa. These findings support the hypothesis that word segmentation is shaped by infant sensitivity to the rhythmic structure of their native language. Our finding that bilingual infants segment bi-syllabic words in two native languages at the same age as their monolingual peers shows that dual language exposure does not delay the emergenc...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578748/Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:12.237-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84859359,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84859359/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p15_1021.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84859359/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84859359/p15_1021-libre.pdf?1650899685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWord_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=Um7tzIXMEG1f-LW7axZkP3woBr6WRzC7fjgRKXrCl9ptEcD2t2vJjEcgXW6aMSsJ95BXPfnO2rHWweHMHblolIy~1V0jZb8TeupAdWD0qHNfm-gZ74lH2iTUDf1mXng7vumo71h1nKYRO0lbk2YOZi7vS~G5i2NABVs2xz3KNjlk4zoxUADbgy502kV7CCogQelei8Rr5Pii0Z2w2j~jpOkPpodM6u0GKIflpcBGBXzohrJRAzMapDf2wOMNjpCKqozhTw0E6SrCUjdy4ogwfUQK2kP~1PGLwrolA5cIJYYtM~dWn9H5-ISlvLaRsSfb5gSqgZoQKwWl~8RcDW7iqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84859359,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84859359/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p15_1021.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84859359/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84859359/p15_1021-libre.pdf?1650899685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWord_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=Um7tzIXMEG1f-LW7axZkP3woBr6WRzC7fjgRKXrCl9ptEcD2t2vJjEcgXW6aMSsJ95BXPfnO2rHWweHMHblolIy~1V0jZb8TeupAdWD0qHNfm-gZ74lH2iTUDf1mXng7vumo71h1nKYRO0lbk2YOZi7vS~G5i2NABVs2xz3KNjlk4zoxUADbgy502kV7CCogQelei8Rr5Pii0Z2w2j~jpOkPpodM6u0GKIflpcBGBXzohrJRAzMapDf2wOMNjpCKqozhTw0E6SrCUjdy4ogwfUQK2kP~1PGLwrolA5cIJYYtM~dWn9H5-ISlvLaRsSfb5gSqgZoQKwWl~8RcDW7iqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":19896452,"url":"https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_1021.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578747"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578747/Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effects of formant proximity and language experience on subcortical neural encoding of vowels in adulthood" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578747/Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood">Effects of formant proximity and language experience on subcortical neural encoding of vowels in adulthood</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the perception of vowels in adulthood. Here, we provide evidence of the effects of formant proximities and language experience at subcortical levels of the auditory pathway. Using a passive oddball/reversed oddball paradigm, the frequency-following response (FFR) in the auditory brainstem was elicited in sixteen healthy monolingual English speakers by a less-focal/English prototypic /u/ and a more-focal/French prototypic /u/. We examined the FFR as a function of stimulus type (English vs. French prototype) and condition (Standard vs. Deviant). A cross-correlation analysis revealed higher overall similarity between the FFR and evoking stimulus for the English prototype than the French prototype, suggesting an effect of language experience. Yet, deviants exhibited higher correlational values than standards. This effect was largely driven by the French prototype, suggesting an influence of foc...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578747"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578747"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578747; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578747]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578747]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578747; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578747']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578747, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578747]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578747,"title":"Effects of formant proximity and language experience on subcortical neural encoding of vowels in adulthood","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the perception of vowels in adulthood. Here, we provide evidence of the effects of formant proximities and language experience at subcortical levels of the auditory pathway. Using a passive oddball/reversed oddball paradigm, the frequency-following response (FFR) in the auditory brainstem was elicited in sixteen healthy monolingual English speakers by a less-focal/English prototypic /u/ and a more-focal/French prototypic /u/. We examined the FFR as a function of stimulus type (English vs. French prototype) and condition (Standard vs. Deviant). A cross-correlation analysis revealed higher overall similarity between the FFR and evoking stimulus for the English prototype than the French prototype, suggesting an effect of language experience. Yet, deviants exhibited higher correlational values than standards. This effect was largely driven by the French prototype, suggesting an influence of foc...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the perception of vowels in adulthood. Here, we provide evidence of the effects of formant proximities and language experience at subcortical levels of the auditory pathway. Using a passive oddball/reversed oddball paradigm, the frequency-following response (FFR) in the auditory brainstem was elicited in sixteen healthy monolingual English speakers by a less-focal/English prototypic /u/ and a more-focal/French prototypic /u/. We examined the FFR as a function of stimulus type (English vs. French prototype) and condition (Standard vs. Deviant). A cross-correlation analysis revealed higher overall similarity between the FFR and evoking stimulus for the English prototype than the French prototype, suggesting an effect of language experience. Yet, deviants exhibited higher correlational values than standards. This effect was largely driven by the French prototype, suggesting an influence of foc...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578747/Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:12.112-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578746"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578746/Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Neurophysiological Correlates of Asymmetries in Vowel Perception: An English-French Cross-Linguistic Event-Related Potential Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905420/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578746/Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study">Neurophysiological Correlates of Asymmetries in Vowel Perception: An English-French Cross-Linguistic Event-Related Potential Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts, the ease of discrimination changes depending on the order of stimulus presentation, regardless of the language from which the contrast is drawn and the ambient language that infants have experienced. By adulthood, linguistic experience has altered vowel perception; analogous asymmetries are observed for non−native contrasts but are mitigated for native contrasts. Although these directional effects are well documented behaviorally, the brain mechanisms underlying them are poorly understood. In the present study we begin to address this gap. We first review recent behavioral work which shows that vowel perception asymmetries derive from phonetic encoding strategies, rather than general auditory processes. Two existing theoretical models–the Natural Referent Vowel framework and the Native Language Magnet model–are invoked as a means of interpreting these findings. Then we present the resul...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9e4dd31d0b4de07f1ab9ef50e96939ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84905420,"asset_id":77578746,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905420/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578746"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578746"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578746; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578746]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578746]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578746; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578746']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578746, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9e4dd31d0b4de07f1ab9ef50e96939ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578746]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578746,"title":"Neurophysiological Correlates of Asymmetries in Vowel Perception: An English-French Cross-Linguistic Event-Related Potential Study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts, the ease of discrimination changes depending on the order of stimulus presentation, regardless of the language from which the contrast is drawn and the ambient language that infants have experienced. By adulthood, linguistic experience has altered vowel perception; analogous asymmetries are observed for non−native contrasts but are mitigated for native contrasts. Although these directional effects are well documented behaviorally, the brain mechanisms underlying them are poorly understood. In the present study we begin to address this gap. We first review recent behavioral work which shows that vowel perception asymmetries derive from phonetic encoding strategies, rather than general auditory processes. Two existing theoretical models–the Natural Referent Vowel framework and the Native Language Magnet model–are invoked as a means of interpreting these findings. Then we present the resul...","publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},"translated_abstract":"Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts, the ease of discrimination changes depending on the order of stimulus presentation, regardless of the language from which the contrast is drawn and the ambient language that infants have experienced. By adulthood, linguistic experience has altered vowel perception; analogous asymmetries are observed for non−native contrasts but are mitigated for native contrasts. Although these directional effects are well documented behaviorally, the brain mechanisms underlying them are poorly understood. In the present study we begin to address this gap. We first review recent behavioral work which shows that vowel perception asymmetries derive from phonetic encoding strategies, rather than general auditory processes. Two existing theoretical models–the Natural Referent Vowel framework and the Native Language Magnet model–are invoked as a means of interpreting these findings. Then we present the resul...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578746/Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:11.916-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84905420,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905420/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fnhum-15-607148.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905420/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905420/fnhum-15-607148-libre.pdf?1650934042=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNeurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=T1Q4Y7F5EoLYU47seepNySsPf5iX8m1Sdg6SaNVaifYCt32GK-l9rLnnVSV-FA1L1TcsH5y1A44GHYFjfiQHhiGmISfJnlQnfQc7buNajDDbYPeY~4EbXU0R04OLhKIjwFomZVVRIAddDmI2A4qzvO98nA2NmtZ1Ftj8MicHKfcYz9Zc1lrejWTfxLwodivqVlaqPD4TRFFEonqDtynDXwR2crvOjtFQEhJxELJQyJ3eRTK~BKc0m5MXsOC6M4r9FUzezlTXrkNfXDUaS25rN9Po3oWEMCk1UY94r4EVP9bZ452qFUygKUYftkqwUX2iCEzfDtsaUdj~Qoy7rGqaFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study","translated_slug":"","page_count":21,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84905420,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905420/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fnhum-15-607148.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905420/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905420/fnhum-15-607148-libre.pdf?1650934042=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNeurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=T1Q4Y7F5EoLYU47seepNySsPf5iX8m1Sdg6SaNVaifYCt32GK-l9rLnnVSV-FA1L1TcsH5y1A44GHYFjfiQHhiGmISfJnlQnfQc7buNajDDbYPeY~4EbXU0R04OLhKIjwFomZVVRIAddDmI2A4qzvO98nA2NmtZ1Ftj8MicHKfcYz9Zc1lrejWTfxLwodivqVlaqPD4TRFFEonqDtynDXwR2crvOjtFQEhJxELJQyJ3eRTK~BKc0m5MXsOC6M4r9FUzezlTXrkNfXDUaS25rN9Po3oWEMCk1UY94r4EVP9bZ452qFUygKUYftkqwUX2iCEzfDtsaUdj~Qoy7rGqaFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"}],"urls":[{"id":19896451,"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.607148/full"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578745"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578745/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetries in vowel perception arise from phonetic encoding strategies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578745/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies">Asymmetries in vowel perception arise from phonetic encoding strategies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult and infant) are biased toward extreme vocalic articulations, which lead to acoustic vowel signals with well-defined spectral prominences due to formant convergence. These directional effects occur with vowel stimuli presented in either the acoustic or the visual modality and are independent of specific linguistic experience. Current research is focused on elucidating the perceptual processes underlying this universal vowel bias. In the present investigation, the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in AX discrimination tasks for unimodal acoustic and visual vowels was manipulated (500 ms vs. 1000 ms) in order to examine whether asymmetries are present under experimental conditions that reduce demands on attention and working memory. Subjects discriminated either video-only or audio-only tokens of naturally-spoken English [u] and French [u] which differ in their degree of visible lip-rounding and proximity between F1...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578745"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578745"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578745; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578745]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578745]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578745; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578745']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578745, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578745]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578745,"title":"Asymmetries in vowel perception arise from phonetic encoding strategies","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult and infant) are biased toward extreme vocalic articulations, which lead to acoustic vowel signals with well-defined spectral prominences due to formant convergence. These directional effects occur with vowel stimuli presented in either the acoustic or the visual modality and are independent of specific linguistic experience. Current research is focused on elucidating the perceptual processes underlying this universal vowel bias. In the present investigation, the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in AX discrimination tasks for unimodal acoustic and visual vowels was manipulated (500 ms vs. 1000 ms) in order to examine whether asymmetries are present under experimental conditions that reduce demands on attention and working memory. Subjects discriminated either video-only or audio-only tokens of naturally-spoken English [u] and French [u] which differ in their degree of visible lip-rounding and proximity between F1...","publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":"Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult and infant) are biased toward extreme vocalic articulations, which lead to acoustic vowel signals with well-defined spectral prominences due to formant convergence. These directional effects occur with vowel stimuli presented in either the acoustic or the visual modality and are independent of specific linguistic experience. Current research is focused on elucidating the perceptual processes underlying this universal vowel bias. In the present investigation, the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in AX discrimination tasks for unimodal acoustic and visual vowels was manipulated (500 ms vs. 1000 ms) in order to examine whether asymmetries are present under experimental conditions that reduce demands on attention and working memory. Subjects discriminated either video-only or audio-only tokens of naturally-spoken English [u] and French [u] which differ in their degree of visible lip-rounding and proximity between F1...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578745/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:11.803-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":1114253,"name":"VOWEL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VOWEL"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578743"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578743/Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Physiological measures of mother–infant interactional synchrony" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905364/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578743/Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony">Physiological measures of mother–infant interactional synchrony</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Developmental Psychobiology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="36642906c5feabb8830e36d543a87869" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84905364,"asset_id":77578743,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905364/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578743"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578743"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578743; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578743]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578743]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578743; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578743']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578743, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "36642906c5feabb8830e36d543a87869" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578743]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578743,"title":"Physiological measures of mother–infant interactional synchrony","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley","grobid_abstract":"Mother-infant synchrony has been observed very early in the development in the form of coordinated biological rhythms, body movements, gaze orientation, facial expression, emotional","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Developmental Psychobiology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":84905364},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578743/Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:11.661-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84905364,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905364/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905364/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905364/dev-libre.pdf?1650934046=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=OS~hv-mdip518bji239vd6uSlbDUJ6MLkZSwpXgOvcAWGfbXxyBZ2wsrP~Vikff1pqSodPEGK~NNVBA3U~~gb47CXeM7Jie2GeAZyll01uxpVPW0YOJnw2e7Px3ZlsdguHw8JjjJE10SfHV7As-urs0u8QR~GQ59nH5mHctL1ie~H34guSc2r~TKpytDWwZQD1HsFUlejzUg9aesPGN~im3JYFXrY16U3lBmdm5fn9M1MS9JtAnXOgKuHq3LeXARW4iiuJMJ6Db~FCmcjRfXK7kBKvJXNu5SHqua3OeSjGhZCCDFjCm8A-KjfjZvFaPeVyMvewa2S4STbEBN2EiqNw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84905364,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905364/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905364/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905364/dev-libre.pdf?1650934046=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=OS~hv-mdip518bji239vd6uSlbDUJ6MLkZSwpXgOvcAWGfbXxyBZ2wsrP~Vikff1pqSodPEGK~NNVBA3U~~gb47CXeM7Jie2GeAZyll01uxpVPW0YOJnw2e7Px3ZlsdguHw8JjjJE10SfHV7As-urs0u8QR~GQ59nH5mHctL1ie~H34guSc2r~TKpytDWwZQD1HsFUlejzUg9aesPGN~im3JYFXrY16U3lBmdm5fn9M1MS9JtAnXOgKuHq3LeXARW4iiuJMJ6Db~FCmcjRfXK7kBKvJXNu5SHqua3OeSjGhZCCDFjCm8A-KjfjZvFaPeVyMvewa2S4STbEBN2EiqNw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":85043,"name":"Developmental Psychobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychobiology"}],"urls":[{"id":19896449,"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fdev.21913"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4502275" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124768358"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124768358/Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quebec-based Parents’ Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism: Evaluative Dimensions and Potential Predictors" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118932275/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124768358/Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors">Quebec-based Parents’ Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism: Evaluative Dimensions and Potential Predictors</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential pred...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential predictors of Quebec-based parents’ attitudes towards childhood multilingualism. Such attitudes are assumed to constitute a determinant of parental language choices, and thereby influence children’s multilingual development. The newly-developed Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism Questionnaire was used to gather data from 826 participants raising an infant/toddler aged 0-4 years with multiple languages. The results reveal three separate dimensions: status and solidarity (the same dimensions found in attitudes towards individual languages) as well as cognitive development (not previously attested as a separate dimension). The study thus advances knowledge regarding the dimensionality of attitudes. Participants’ approach to promoting multilingualism and the combination of languages transmitted – and specifically, whether this included a heritage language – correlated significantly with...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b0700e4d287a86d342925152352977f7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118932275,"asset_id":124768358,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118932275/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124768358"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124768358"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124768358; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124768358]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124768358]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124768358; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124768358']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124768358, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b0700e4d287a86d342925152352977f7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124768358]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124768358,"title":"Quebec-based Parents’ Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism: Evaluative Dimensions and Potential Predictors","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential predictors of Quebec-based parents’ attitudes towards childhood multilingualism. Such attitudes are assumed to constitute a determinant of parental language choices, and thereby influence children’s multilingual development. The newly-developed Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism Questionnaire was used to gather data from 826 participants raising an infant/toddler aged 0-4 years with multiple languages. The results reveal three separate dimensions: status and solidarity (the same dimensions found in attitudes towards individual languages) as well as cognitive development (not previously attested as a separate dimension). The study thus advances knowledge regarding the dimensionality of attitudes. Participants’ approach to promoting multilingualism and the combination of languages transmitted – and specifically, whether this included a heritage language – correlated significantly with...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"This is the first large-scale, quantitative study of the evaluative dimensions and potential predictors of Quebec-based parents’ attitudes towards childhood multilingualism. Such attitudes are assumed to constitute a determinant of parental language choices, and thereby influence children’s multilingual development. The newly-developed Attitudes towards Childhood Multilingualism Questionnaire was used to gather data from 826 participants raising an infant/toddler aged 0-4 years with multiple languages. The results reveal three separate dimensions: status and solidarity (the same dimensions found in attitudes towards individual languages) as well as cognitive development (not previously attested as a separate dimension). The study thus advances knowledge regarding the dimensionality of attitudes. Participants’ approach to promoting multilingualism and the combination of languages transmitted – and specifically, whether this included a heritage language – correlated significantly with...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124768358/Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-10-15T23:57:45.014-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118932275,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118932275/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118932275/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118932275/download-libre.pdf?1729062671=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580381\u0026Signature=Q7WgfyjXRjify0p~JDvNBAmYfYJfAdTKdJG047TyTDCHTEDpMfBAJRZv5mk8buATgsCYJ5P5zWExEWzxpcrbjMS6agIdj9Qs9fM~QOEtf2kApClu1TbR9yN51k49hWxSjPeHUcyi2mmhuY3C2TdxyEHpfu9Ji01O6lx1Jm~3VKTKrIvmd4i8MiFChJ0iKERmCFydehJX4V3xwPIeWsUewuHn8HXrbJ0SxIEkySQOwvBwfVSihdBoVNS2o6kMaZuXU~MwZ-GG~ZzQhwuPfq7hh9AyBD~EWglzr91gVIjFNh-R6u3eap4K5sDpitlT-ip9nC8v-JM4j4mnhOcBPvRGQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_Childhood_Multilingualism_Evaluative_Dimensions_and_Potential_Predictors","translated_slug":"","page_count":36,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":118932275,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118932275/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118932275/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118932275/download-libre.pdf?1729062671=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuebec_based_Parents_Attitudes_towards_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580381\u0026Signature=Q7WgfyjXRjify0p~JDvNBAmYfYJfAdTKdJG047TyTDCHTEDpMfBAJRZv5mk8buATgsCYJ5P5zWExEWzxpcrbjMS6agIdj9Qs9fM~QOEtf2kApClu1TbR9yN51k49hWxSjPeHUcyi2mmhuY3C2TdxyEHpfu9Ji01O6lx1Jm~3VKTKrIvmd4i8MiFChJ0iKERmCFydehJX4V3xwPIeWsUewuHn8HXrbJ0SxIEkySQOwvBwfVSihdBoVNS2o6kMaZuXU~MwZ-GG~ZzQhwuPfq7hh9AyBD~EWglzr91gVIjFNh-R6u3eap4K5sDpitlT-ip9nC8v-JM4j4mnhOcBPvRGQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":252,"name":"Developmental Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology"},{"id":2308,"name":"Multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multilingualism"},{"id":177125,"name":"Language Culture and Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Culture_and_Communication"},{"id":664584,"name":"Social Psychology of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology_of_Language"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118885044"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118885044/A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Sound Approach to Language Matters" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118885044/A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters">A Sound Approach to Language Matters</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, col...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, colleagues and research collaborators. The Festschrift is divided into six sections, moving from the smallest building blocks of language, through gradually expanding objects of linguistic inquiry to the highest levels of description - all of which have formed a part of Ocke’s career, in connection with his teaching and/or his academic productions: “Segments”, “Perception of Accent”, “Between Sounds and Graphemes”, “Prosody”, “Morphology and Syntax” and “Second Language Acquisition”. Each one of these illustrates a sound approach to language matters.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118885044"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118885044"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118885044; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118885044]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118885044]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118885044; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118885044']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118885044, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118885044]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118885044,"title":"A Sound Approach to Language Matters","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, colleagues and research collaborators. The Festschrift is divided into six sections, moving from the smallest building blocks of language, through gradually expanding objects of linguistic inquiry to the highest levels of description - all of which have formed a part of Ocke’s career, in connection with his teaching and/or his academic productions: “Segments”, “Perception of Accent”, “Between Sounds and Graphemes”, “Prosody”, “Morphology and Syntax” and “Second Language Acquisition”. Each one of these illustrates a sound approach to language matters.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services"},"translated_abstract":"The contributions in this Festschrift were written by Ocke’s current and former PhD-students, colleagues and research collaborators. The Festschrift is divided into six sections, moving from the smallest building blocks of language, through gradually expanding objects of linguistic inquiry to the highest levels of description - all of which have formed a part of Ocke’s career, in connection with his teaching and/or his academic productions: “Segments”, “Perception of Accent”, “Between Sounds and Graphemes”, “Prosody”, “Morphology and Syntax” and “Second Language Acquisition”. Each one of these illustrates a sound approach to language matters.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118885044/A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-10T16:06:22.096-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"A_Sound_Approach_to_Language_Matters","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":6671,"name":"Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntax"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":41144,"name":"Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody"},{"id":878377,"name":"Stress (Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Linguistics_"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="115407743"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/115407743/Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Learning two languages from birth shapes pre-attentive processing of vowel categories: Electrophysiological correlates of vowel discrimination in monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822790/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/115407743/Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals">Learning two languages from birth shapes pre-attentive processing of vowel categories: Electrophysiological correlates of vowel discrimination in monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bilingualism: Language and Cognition</span><span>, Dec 5, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="213b3f25db0fbf131598b1afc613a717" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":111822790,"asset_id":115407743,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822790/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="115407743"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="115407743"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 115407743; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=115407743]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=115407743]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 115407743; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='115407743']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 115407743, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "213b3f25db0fbf131598b1afc613a717" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=115407743]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":115407743,"title":"Learning two languages from birth shapes pre-attentive processing of vowel categories: Electrophysiological correlates of vowel discrimination in monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","grobid_abstract":"Using event-related brain potentials (ERPs), we measured pre-attentive processing involved in native vowel perception as reflected by the mismatch negativity (MMN) in monolingual and simultaneous bilingual (SB) users of Canadian English and Canadian French in response to various pairings of four vowels: English /u/, French /u/, French /y/, and a control /y/. The monolingual listeners exhibited a discrimination pattern that was shaped by their native language experience. The SB listeners, on the other hand, exhibited a MMN pattern that was distinct from both monolingual listener groups, suggesting that the SB pre-attentive system is tuned to access sub-phonemic detail with respect to both input languages, including detail that is not readily accessed by either of their monolingual peers. Additionally, SBs exhibited sensitivity to language context generated by the standard vowel in the MMN paradigm. The automatic access to fine phonetic detail may aid SB listeners to rapidly adjust their perception to the variable listening conditions that they frequently encounter.","publication_date":{"day":5,"month":12,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":111822790},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/115407743/Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-02-25T12:29:23.834-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":111822790,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822790/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p2677147q.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822790/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111822790/p2677147q-libre.pdf?1708896961=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLearning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=SpzoWuAKzyIo83yugjJBz-2kKNn0sUCULKRHoQYwJd~nDwxBLts3ZMwib8q7JT7409Yl44OfW1fQPvV43XTXpPoej7zHh3oJi0OVH~tzzgCu1TO-9rmo4Q8yZ0Gp2saWsQk5omccvW8mlWr9AOyL0XPf5XnbBx8bPCOey8p0OoCGZj0tnmaaJvISO2CBfbx4nROVjtYGbGKikueVjwJ3NNB954GolpUQ-ijWA0gy2XvAuE8eMgPrAkCW32ndAqBxS~Jl6Xzs5WazFpoJn9qwPZNUBLXWbPZoxfFr~7CdDYcvHVAwl8v1f6zgef7gN8ClQJB99jiI5AX-XZj37DRByg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes_pre_attentive_processing_of_vowel_categories_Electrophysiological_correlates_of_vowel_discrimination_in_monolinguals_and_simultaneous_bilinguals","translated_slug":"","page_count":39,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":111822790,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822790/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p2677147q.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822790/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111822790/p2677147q-libre.pdf?1708896961=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLearning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=SpzoWuAKzyIo83yugjJBz-2kKNn0sUCULKRHoQYwJd~nDwxBLts3ZMwib8q7JT7409Yl44OfW1fQPvV43XTXpPoej7zHh3oJi0OVH~tzzgCu1TO-9rmo4Q8yZ0Gp2saWsQk5omccvW8mlWr9AOyL0XPf5XnbBx8bPCOey8p0OoCGZj0tnmaaJvISO2CBfbx4nROVjtYGbGKikueVjwJ3NNB954GolpUQ-ijWA0gy2XvAuE8eMgPrAkCW32ndAqBxS~Jl6Xzs5WazFpoJn9qwPZNUBLXWbPZoxfFr~7CdDYcvHVAwl8v1f6zgef7gN8ClQJB99jiI5AX-XZj37DRByg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":111822789,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111822789/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p2677147q.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111822789/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Learning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111822789/p2677147q-libre.pdf?1708896963=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLearning_two_languages_from_birth_shapes.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=HSIUF1L4Shnco954Af-aa-HfeDasTiU4XhmCPyG4Ecy1XOLzUIMMNUB~4QFEia3C4V5GbMhSZcs3mBzUcK0rNTork62YLUD1t9dy5BYgzF6owjRkCZvB8XVRhV~pvsEqIpJFEI57R8QjLxV2NWDv91bax39gr-6eA8-LRF17xZucfI1fAmbzGU426ynOTfuTzGYXMJJ-vXI9B8JxNZS6f6tnMY5bIE~ewFYWAuNDKxK6kyFubOV-gBa~gB9bPI4Fa3YViYlIMr1wXdd-wAi4CRCWhoH8F8H03xcYLuS93~073ps3H-KY0ehP8IWPfJGcSTPwletplj5QCfIOBqlQWw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism"},{"id":116533,"name":"Active Listening","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Active_Listening"},{"id":253554,"name":"Mismatch Negativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mismatch_Negativity"},{"id":1114253,"name":"VOWEL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VOWEL"}],"urls":[{"id":39793311,"url":"http://escholarship.mcgill.ca/downloads/p2677147q"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="107484820"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/107484820/Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Code-switching in parents’ everyday speech to bilingual infants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/107484820/Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants">Code-switching in parents’ everyday speech to bilingual infants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingual parents’ code-switching when speaking to their infants. In a pre-registered study, we identified instances of code-switching in day-long at-home audio recordings of 21 French–English bilingual families in Montreal, Canada, who provided recordings when their infant was 10 and 18 months old. Overall, rates of infant-directed code-switching were low, averaging 7 times per hour (6 times per 1,000 words) at 10 months and increasing to 28 times per hour (18 times per 1,000 words) at 18 months. Parents code-switched more between sentences than within a sentence; this pattern was even more pronounced when infants were 18 months than when they were 10 months. The most common apparent reasons for code-switching were to bolster their infant’s understanding and to teach vocabulary words. Combined, these results suggest that bilingual parents code-switch in ways that support successful bilingual l...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="107484820"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="107484820"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107484820; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107484820]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=107484820]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 107484820; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='107484820']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 107484820, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=107484820]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":107484820,"title":"Code-switching in parents’ everyday speech to bilingual infants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingual parents’ code-switching when speaking to their infants. In a pre-registered study, we identified instances of code-switching in day-long at-home audio recordings of 21 French–English bilingual families in Montreal, Canada, who provided recordings when their infant was 10 and 18 months old. Overall, rates of infant-directed code-switching were low, averaging 7 times per hour (6 times per 1,000 words) at 10 months and increasing to 28 times per hour (18 times per 1,000 words) at 18 months. Parents code-switched more between sentences than within a sentence; this pattern was even more pronounced when infants were 18 months than when they were 10 months. The most common apparent reasons for code-switching were to bolster their infant’s understanding and to teach vocabulary words. Combined, these results suggest that bilingual parents code-switch in ways that support successful bilingual l...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingual parents’ code-switching when speaking to their infants. In a pre-registered study, we identified instances of code-switching in day-long at-home audio recordings of 21 French–English bilingual families in Montreal, Canada, who provided recordings when their infant was 10 and 18 months old. Overall, rates of infant-directed code-switching were low, averaging 7 times per hour (6 times per 1,000 words) at 10 months and increasing to 28 times per hour (18 times per 1,000 words) at 18 months. Parents code-switched more between sentences than within a sentence; this pattern was even more pronounced when infants were 18 months than when they were 10 months. The most common apparent reasons for code-switching were to bolster their infant’s understanding and to teach vocabulary words. Combined, these results suggest that bilingual parents code-switch in ways that support successful bilingual l...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107484820/Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-10-02T06:43:31.125-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Code_switching_in_parents_everyday_speech_to_bilingual_infants","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":5591,"name":"Vocabulary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocabulary"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":131779,"name":"Code Switching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Code_Switching"},{"id":177125,"name":"Language Culture and Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Culture_and_Communication"},{"id":961850,"name":"Sentence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sentence"},{"id":1239165,"name":"Child Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_Language"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104500215"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104500215/Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Language familiarity mediates identification of bilingual talkers across languages" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104500215/Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages">Language familiarity mediates identification of bilingual talkers across languages</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native languag...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native language than in an unfamiliar language; yet, little is known about the nature of this language familiarity effect in bilingual speech. Here, we investigate the links between language and talker processing further by assessing listeners’ ability to identify bilingual talkers across languages. Two groups were recruited: English monolinguals and English-French bilinguals. Participants learned to identify bilinguals speaking in only one language (English); they were then tested on their ability to identify the same talkers speaking in the trained language (same language context: English) and in their other language (different language context: French). Both monolinguals and bilinguals showed above chance performance in identifying talkers in both language contexts at test, confirming that there is sufficient information in bilingual speech to generalize across languages. Moreover, the results showed a language context e...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104500215"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104500215"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104500215; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104500215]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104500215]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104500215; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='104500215']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 104500215, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=104500215]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":104500215,"title":"Language familiarity mediates identification of bilingual talkers across languages","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native language than in an unfamiliar language; yet, little is known about the nature of this language familiarity effect in bilingual speech. Here, we investigate the links between language and talker processing further by assessing listeners’ ability to identify bilingual talkers across languages. Two groups were recruited: English monolinguals and English-French bilinguals. Participants learned to identify bilinguals speaking in only one language (English); they were then tested on their ability to identify the same talkers speaking in the trained language (same language context: English) and in their other language (different language context: French). Both monolinguals and bilinguals showed above chance performance in identifying talkers in both language contexts at test, confirming that there is sufficient information in bilingual speech to generalize across languages. Moreover, the results showed a language context e...","publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":"Many studies show that listeners are more accurate at identifying talkers in their native language than in an unfamiliar language; yet, little is known about the nature of this language familiarity effect in bilingual speech. Here, we investigate the links between language and talker processing further by assessing listeners’ ability to identify bilingual talkers across languages. Two groups were recruited: English monolinguals and English-French bilinguals. Participants learned to identify bilinguals speaking in only one language (English); they were then tested on their ability to identify the same talkers speaking in the trained language (same language context: English) and in their other language (different language context: French). Both monolinguals and bilinguals showed above chance performance in identifying talkers in both language contexts at test, confirming that there is sufficient information in bilingual speech to generalize across languages. Moreover, the results showed a language context e...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104500215/Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-07-12T06:13:21.545-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Language_familiarity_mediates_identification_of_bilingual_talkers_across_languages","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="95896420"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/95896420/Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantifying sources of variability in infancy research using the infant-directed speech preference" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97948407/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/95896420/Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference">Quantifying sources of variability in infancy research using the infant-directed speech preference</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability. Infancy researchers face specific challenges related to replicability: high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations, amongst other factors. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multi-site study aimed at 1) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically-important phenomenon and 2) examining methodological, situational, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult were created using semi-naturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings in North American English. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="86138bd2013e9986685516ac5bd3062a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":97948407,"asset_id":95896420,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97948407/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="95896420"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="95896420"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 95896420; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=95896420]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=95896420]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 95896420; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='95896420']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 95896420, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "86138bd2013e9986685516ac5bd3062a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=95896420]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":95896420,"title":"Quantifying sources of variability in infancy research using the infant-directed speech preference","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability. Infancy researchers face specific challenges related to replicability: high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations, amongst other factors. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multi-site study aimed at 1) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically-important phenomenon and 2) examining methodological, situational, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult were created using semi-naturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings in North American English. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"The field of psychology has become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability. Infancy researchers face specific challenges related to replicability: high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations, amongst other factors. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multi-site study aimed at 1) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically-important phenomenon and 2) examining methodological, situational, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult were created using semi-naturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings in North American English. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95896420/Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-01-29T04:03:16.359-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":97948407,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97948407/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97948407/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/97948407/ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2-libre.pdf?1674993948=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=RE3YCMmwcUDU-eCVgfelNIGm3FxUER~JrZziwYbnZ3wZ4eOoM1tYIeTWdkVWgiF0ZG2grBJ21FiZo06pzlGXfRHJ3wW1rh~7TQD10W4z2RDb7Vfvq4cwv0wx-TVDg0mQB~Jfj4CKV-dYY5q0S2bldX12IO5NsfoswCqldfHxD31FdInfkiDtAc89fZXLNu2egcodf093iCdHJR7EaKtcYn53dV18AaVZVurwZM6yHfeRaIMTKLuVtAb134gDW1pX1qC4P0TRMm4M-XybZiIEgNCdfrg8L0zHxEh9S3ejfjtfv7W~6vusUw~rIaRTYbe7x4K8EYTbAaA8azeosGbF-w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_infancy_research_using_the_infant_directed_speech_preference","translated_slug":"","page_count":69,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":97948407,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97948407/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/97948407/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/97948407/ManyBabies1RRProtocolRevision2-libre.pdf?1674993948=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_sources_of_variability_in_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=RE3YCMmwcUDU-eCVgfelNIGm3FxUER~JrZziwYbnZ3wZ4eOoM1tYIeTWdkVWgiF0ZG2grBJ21FiZo06pzlGXfRHJ3wW1rh~7TQD10W4z2RDb7Vfvq4cwv0wx-TVDg0mQB~Jfj4CKV-dYY5q0S2bldX12IO5NsfoswCqldfHxD31FdInfkiDtAc89fZXLNu2egcodf093iCdHJR7EaKtcYn53dV18AaVZVurwZM6yHfeRaIMTKLuVtAb134gDW1pX1qC4P0TRMm4M-XybZiIEgNCdfrg8L0zHxEh9S3ejfjtfv7W~6vusUw~rIaRTYbe7x4K8EYTbAaA8azeosGbF-w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":252,"name":"Developmental Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology"},{"id":1417,"name":"Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":19011,"name":"First Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition"},{"id":24212,"name":"Open Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Open_Data"},{"id":29470,"name":"Infancy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infancy"},{"id":33513,"name":"Situational Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Situational_Ethics"},{"id":37072,"name":"Experimental Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Methods"},{"id":64987,"name":"Social Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Development"},{"id":183646,"name":"Infant-directed speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant-directed_speech"},{"id":548543,"name":"Motherese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motherese"},{"id":594292,"name":"Infant communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant_communication"},{"id":598886,"name":"Preregistration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Preregistration"},{"id":913924,"name":"Preference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Preference"},{"id":1007780,"name":"Language Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Communication-1"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755148"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755148/Family_language_policy_among_Qu%C3%A9bec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Family language policy among Québec-based parents raising multilingual infants and toddlers: A study of resources as a form of language management" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755148/Family_language_policy_among_Qu%C3%A9bec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management">Family language policy among Québec-based parents raising multilingual infants and toddlers: A study of resources as a form of language management</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a wa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a way of influencing children’s language practices. We introduce the distinction between child-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with opportunities to engage with their children in the languages they are transmitting) and parent-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with information about multilingual child-rearing). This study focused on the awareness and use of, as well as the desire for, such resources among Québec-based parents (n=819) raising infants/toddlers (0-4 years) with multiple languages in the home. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically, and qualitative data were analyzed using a computer assisted discourse study. We compared parents transmitting at least one immigrant heritage language – usually in addition to English and/or French (HL parents), and parents transmitting only English and French (non-HL...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755148"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755148"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755148; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755148]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755148]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755148; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755148']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755148, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755148]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755148,"title":"Family language policy among Québec-based parents raising multilingual infants and toddlers: A study of resources as a form of language management","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a way of influencing children’s language practices. We introduce the distinction between child-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with opportunities to engage with their children in the languages they are transmitting) and parent-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with information about multilingual child-rearing). This study focused on the awareness and use of, as well as the desire for, such resources among Québec-based parents (n=819) raising infants/toddlers (0-4 years) with multiple languages in the home. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically, and qualitative data were analyzed using a computer assisted discourse study. We compared parents transmitting at least one immigrant heritage language – usually in addition to English and/or French (HL parents), and parents transmitting only English and French (non-HL...","publisher":"Center for Open Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"This is the first large-scale study of resources as a form of language management – that is, a way of influencing children’s language practices. We introduce the distinction between child-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with opportunities to engage with their children in the languages they are transmitting) and parent-directed resources (i.e., those providing parents with information about multilingual child-rearing). This study focused on the awareness and use of, as well as the desire for, such resources among Québec-based parents (n=819) raising infants/toddlers (0-4 years) with multiple languages in the home. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically, and qualitative data were analyzed using a computer assisted discourse study. We compared parents transmitting at least one immigrant heritage language – usually in addition to English and/or French (HL parents), and parents transmitting only English and French (non-HL...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755148/Family_language_policy_among_Qu%C3%A9bec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:51.223-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Family_language_policy_among_Québec_based_parents_raising_multilingual_infants_and_toddlers_A_study_of_resources_as_a_form_of_language_management","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755141"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755141/Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Infants lexical tone discrimination: Pin-pointing the age of perceptual reorganization" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755141/Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization">Infants lexical tone discrimination: Pin-pointing the age of perceptual reorganization</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755141"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755141"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755141; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755141]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755141]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755141; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755141']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755141, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755141]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755141,"title":"Infants lexical tone discrimination: Pin-pointing the age of perceptual reorganization","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755141/Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:46.958-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Infants_lexical_tone_discrimination_Pin_pointing_the_age_of_perceptual_reorganization","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755138"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755138/Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigating naturalistic code-switching directed towards infants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755138/Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants">Investigating naturalistic code-switching directed towards infants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755138"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755138"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755138; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755138]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755138; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755138']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755138, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755138]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755138,"title":"Investigating naturalistic code-switching directed towards infants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755138/Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:43.587-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Investigating_naturalistic_code_switching_directed_towards_infants","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":131779,"name":"Code Switching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Code_Switching"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755134"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755134/A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A universal bias in adult vowel perception – By ear or by eye" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94230520/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755134/A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye">A universal bias in adult vowel perception – By ear or by eye</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cognition</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b509d96db3f19342e55dfe3d7902653d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":94230520,"asset_id":90755134,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94230520/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755134"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755134"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755134; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755134]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755134]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755134; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755134']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755134, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b509d96db3f19342e55dfe3d7902653d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755134]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755134,"title":"A universal bias in adult vowel perception – By ear or by eye","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"Speech perceivers are universally biased toward ''focal\" vowels (i.e., vowels whose adjacent formants are close in frequency, which concentrates acoustic energy into a narrower spectral region). This bias is demonstrated in phonetic discrimination tasks as a directional asymmetry: a change from a relatively less to a relatively more focal vowel results in significantly better performance than a change in the reverse direction. We investigated whether the critical information for this directional effect is limited to the auditory modality, or whether visible articulatory information provided by the speaker's face also plays a role. Unimodal auditory and visual as well as bimodal (auditory-visual) vowel stimuli were created from video recordings of a speaker producing variants of /u/, differing in both their degree of focalization and visible lip rounding (i.e., lip compression and protrusion). In Experiment 1, we confirmed that subjects showed an asymmetry while discriminating the auditory vowel stimuli. We then found, in Experiment 2, a similar asymmetry when subjects lipread those same vowels. In Experiment 3, we found asymmetries, comparable to those found for unimodal vowels, for bimodal vowels when the audio and visual channels were phonetically-congruent. In contrast, when the audio and visual channels were phonetically-incongruent (as in the ''McGurk effect\"), this asymmetry was disrupted. These findings collectively suggest that the perceptual processes underlying the ''focal\" vowel bias are sensitive to articulatory information available across sensory modalities, and raise foundational issues concerning the extent to which vowel perception derives from general-auditory or speech-gesture-specific processes.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cognition","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":94230520},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755134/A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:42.549-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":94230520,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94230520/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94230520/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/94230520/j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw-libre.pdf?1668451041=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=UHyYzDmsk8wlBIDH0MP2479gYoCa60YPLK4kfLBvdjXHWRLd4ePPTIVcEQu3Q89z6nc-da33GnINrG5e3tbP8O8S6Z2Mi0b2GY5xaz2fXDt6j0NHK56aQVbfS3QMzQUzwA0jmNnLS~EpT9gHOC1pkrKuGukQbpyxmqtx0Ye7VmD-6fPjWOV-q~vnqJEGbHaP-YK9p46sOoy626L506a~2~rIB9SOsDkzbGjWnDJbmUeEzfRRfJOEl3JMMVRlJt9PKnkhnxSaFAlWZNa8AnAfto8AbUGahpGy2wW3CWyDOU8UZTVXVg6jYqU23zU9QWZmajym-kOE8G5nAfyfhORydA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_perception_By_ear_or_by_eye","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":94230520,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94230520/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94230520/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/94230520/j.cognition.2017.06.00120221114-1-1b1fthw-libre.pdf?1668451041=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_universal_bias_in_adult_vowel_percepti.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=UHyYzDmsk8wlBIDH0MP2479gYoCa60YPLK4kfLBvdjXHWRLd4ePPTIVcEQu3Q89z6nc-da33GnINrG5e3tbP8O8S6Z2Mi0b2GY5xaz2fXDt6j0NHK56aQVbfS3QMzQUzwA0jmNnLS~EpT9gHOC1pkrKuGukQbpyxmqtx0Ye7VmD-6fPjWOV-q~vnqJEGbHaP-YK9p46sOoy626L506a~2~rIB9SOsDkzbGjWnDJbmUeEzfRRfJOEl3JMMVRlJt9PKnkhnxSaFAlWZNa8AnAfto8AbUGahpGy2wW3CWyDOU8UZTVXVg6jYqU23zU9QWZmajym-kOE8G5nAfyfhORydA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":5591,"name":"Vocabulary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocabulary"},{"id":8056,"name":"Speech Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Acoustics"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":42799,"name":"Speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult"},{"id":177125,"name":"Language Culture and Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Culture_and_Communication"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult"},{"id":2428413,"name":"Acoustic Stimulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Stimulation"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"}],"urls":[{"id":25955171,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0010027717301634?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755131"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755131/Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Perception of coarticulated vowels by prelingual infants: Formant transitions specify vowel identity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755131/Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity">Perception of coarticulated vowels by prelingual infants: Formant transitions specify vowel identity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Sile...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Silent Center paradigm to examine which acoustic properties of coarticulated vowels (target‐spectral, dynamic‐spectral) define vowel identity in prelingual infants. Acoustic analyses of naturally produced original syllables (/dVt/ with V=/i, e, I, E, o, U/) revealed no vowel inherent spectral change but only formant movement associated with the gestures for the initial and final consonants. The original syllables were electronically modified to obtain test syllables which contained target‐spectral information (the vowel nucleus only), only initial or only final formant transitions, or initial and final transitions in their appropriate temporal relationship, with the vowel nucleus attenuated to silence. Four groups of ten infants each (aged 7–11 months) were tested in the conditioned headturn procedure for discrimination of the test syllables. Each group was tested on one of four contrasts (/i/–/e/, /e/–/I/, /E/–/I...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755131"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755131"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755131; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755131]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755131]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755131; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755131']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755131, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755131]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755131,"title":"Perception of coarticulated vowels by prelingual infants: Formant transitions specify vowel identity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Silent Center paradigm to examine which acoustic properties of coarticulated vowels (target‐spectral, dynamic‐spectral) define vowel identity in prelingual infants. Acoustic analyses of naturally produced original syllables (/dVt/ with V=/i, e, I, E, o, U/) revealed no vowel inherent spectral change but only formant movement associated with the gestures for the initial and final consonants. The original syllables were electronically modified to obtain test syllables which contained target‐spectral information (the vowel nucleus only), only initial or only final formant transitions, or initial and final transitions in their appropriate temporal relationship, with the vowel nucleus attenuated to silence. Four groups of ten infants each (aged 7–11 months) were tested in the conditioned headturn procedure for discrimination of the test syllables. Each group was tested on one of four contrasts (/i/–/e/, /e/–/I/, /E/–/I...","publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":"German‐learning infants were tested for discrimination of four German vowel contrasts in the Silent Center paradigm to examine which acoustic properties of coarticulated vowels (target‐spectral, dynamic‐spectral) define vowel identity in prelingual infants. Acoustic analyses of naturally produced original syllables (/dVt/ with V=/i, e, I, E, o, U/) revealed no vowel inherent spectral change but only formant movement associated with the gestures for the initial and final consonants. The original syllables were electronically modified to obtain test syllables which contained target‐spectral information (the vowel nucleus only), only initial or only final formant transitions, or initial and final transitions in their appropriate temporal relationship, with the vowel nucleus attenuated to silence. Four groups of ten infants each (aged 7–11 months) were tested in the conditioned headturn procedure for discrimination of the test syllables. Each group was tested on one of four contrasts (/i/–/e/, /e/–/I/, /E/–/I...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755131/Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:42.076-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Perception_of_coarticulated_vowels_by_prelingual_infants_Formant_transitions_specify_vowel_identity","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics"},{"id":17018,"name":"Music and identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_and_identity"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":127474,"name":"Formant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Formant"},{"id":1114253,"name":"VOWEL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VOWEL"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755130"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755130/Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Vowel categorization of monolingual and simultaneous bilingual speakers of English and French: Effects of language experience and language mode" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755130/Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode">Vowel categorization of monolingual and simultaneous bilingual speakers of English and French: Effects of language experience and language mode</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755130"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755130"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755130; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755130]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755130]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755130; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755130']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755130, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755130]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755130,"title":"Vowel categorization of monolingual and simultaneous bilingual speakers of English and French: Effects of language experience and language mode","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755130/Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:24:41.855-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Vowel_categorization_of_monolingual_and_simultaneous_bilingual_speakers_of_English_and_French_Effects_of_language_experience_and_language_mode","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90755076"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755076/Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Delay? No way! Bilingual infants are more efficient word learners" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90755076/Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners">Delay? No way! Bilingual infants are more efficient word learners</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90755076"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90755076"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755076; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755076]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90755076]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90755076; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90755076']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 90755076, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90755076]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90755076,"title":"Delay? No way! Bilingual infants are more efficient word learners","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90755076/Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-11-14T07:23:49.850-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Delay_No_way_Bilingual_infants_are_more_efficient_word_learners","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="82603599"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/82603599/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetries in vowel perception" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88256048/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/82603599/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception">Asymmetries in vowel perception</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Speech Communication</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5bd64bec8a123b743ffb3d8e264f3010" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88256048,"asset_id":82603599,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88256048/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="82603599"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82603599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82603599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82603599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82603599]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82603599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='82603599']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82603599, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5bd64bec8a123b743ffb3d8e264f3010" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=82603599]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":82603599,"title":"Asymmetries in vowel perception","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"Asymmetries in vowel perception occur such that discrimination of a vowel change presented in one direction is easier compared to the same change presented in the reverse direction. Although such effects have been repeatedly reported in the literature there has been little effort to explain when or why they occur. We review studies that report asymmetries in vowel perception in infants and propose that these data indicate that babies are predisposed to respond differently to vowels that occupy different positions in the articulatory/acoustic vowel space (defined by F1-F2) such that the more peripheral vowel within a contrast serves as a reference or perceptual anchor. As such, these asymmetries reveal a language-universal perceptual bias that infants bring to the task of vowel discrimination. We present some new data that support our peripherality hypothesis and then compare the data on asymmetries in human infants with findings obtained with birds and cats. This comparison suggests that asymmetries evident in humans are unlikely to reflect general auditory mechanisms. Several important directions for further research are outlined and some potential implications of these asymmetries for understanding speech development are discussed.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Speech Communication","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":88256048},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82603599/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-07-04T12:13:29.210-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88256048,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88256048/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pobo2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88256048/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88256048/pobo2-libre.pdf?1656964086=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAsymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=JwgFwkS6kw5CZvYZ~SipTYhLs7KmFPk4oHIL~pe5yHqWn3UmJXSAz5mC1uZmZsZLzCYLjbcGCS-WNGAQTDSy4HanP1v0~ERU3cZgghVcXhvf3z4K4Xl~g7y4JJdGPq-1Ttlfrf~0EfS3Ae0nbOdPqUXvnp2qT~pr4H8qtoJi~T1vrVdZ9A6lTWgf-x0KG99WxNMsrCzRYYMq4VjKLXzyboG09ZyipAKN09k7E4uBFW1Y1vj9DbQTlsmqbrYIXQ0paqnyGQNRC~1cgk2fXu5SEQGx0hCx-AIyvDftDIt5bQ39IUf4AA37u3qyMakIejZ5j0jEPu1isCk7EoS-9adwaA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":88256048,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88256048/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pobo2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88256048/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88256048/pobo2-libre.pdf?1656964086=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAsymmetries_in_vowel_perception.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=JwgFwkS6kw5CZvYZ~SipTYhLs7KmFPk4oHIL~pe5yHqWn3UmJXSAz5mC1uZmZsZLzCYLjbcGCS-WNGAQTDSy4HanP1v0~ERU3cZgghVcXhvf3z4K4Xl~g7y4JJdGPq-1Ttlfrf~0EfS3Ae0nbOdPqUXvnp2qT~pr4H8qtoJi~T1vrVdZ9A6lTWgf-x0KG99WxNMsrCzRYYMq4VjKLXzyboG09ZyipAKN09k7E4uBFW1Y1vj9DbQTlsmqbrYIXQ0paqnyGQNRC~1cgk2fXu5SEQGx0hCx-AIyvDftDIt5bQ39IUf4AA37u3qyMakIejZ5j0jEPu1isCk7EoS-9adwaA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication"}],"urls":[{"id":21922241,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S016763930200105X?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578749"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578749/The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Ins and Outs of Baby Talk" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905369/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578749/The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk">The Ins and Outs of Baby Talk</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Acoustics Today</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="47e0e5602c5df0a5992ff181f2a9c13c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84905369,"asset_id":77578749,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905369/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578749"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578749"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578749; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578749]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578749]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578749; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578749']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578749, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "47e0e5602c5df0a5992ff181f2a9c13c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578749]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578749,"title":"The Ins and Outs of Baby Talk","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Acoustics Today"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578749/The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:12.386-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84905369,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905369/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905369/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905369/The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka-libre.pdf?1650934040=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=PDe5sJBCbBYF7xX5jGdbY4C-ReP0XqekMCDRR29vxq5LXovQJJnGsTlMWjywDqnVKlLbSZqZZQPVlwFn5rIB8XxDyihmwhE2vfFDkYYmZTWaaTnG--qKAbSZdg8R4nClIiLDHe5x9gv~Lj52~WoqzHc9YuKU72BPGLcVatIsJ4laahKc3PzlYhzvkUG07pMSDlyofQBdcnhb8Yl8g5C~-e0zMuna4-CkQossh9CT9iV9~8kzbos~YbgpZhiQAqShic845WhUFb8KmsJw6JSvCFcLY5srQo9PrygaMDoypbr-mtOLH~lE7kr8MOe0~nKs8cAO5vjgAuohD1Fg0Ur9qA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84905369,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905369/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905369/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905369/The-Ins-and-Outs-of-Baby-Talk-Linda-Polka-libre.pdf?1650934040=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Ins_and_Outs_of_Baby_Talk.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=PDe5sJBCbBYF7xX5jGdbY4C-ReP0XqekMCDRR29vxq5LXovQJJnGsTlMWjywDqnVKlLbSZqZZQPVlwFn5rIB8XxDyihmwhE2vfFDkYYmZTWaaTnG--qKAbSZdg8R4nClIiLDHe5x9gv~Lj52~WoqzHc9YuKU72BPGLcVatIsJ4laahKc3PzlYhzvkUG07pMSDlyofQBdcnhb8Yl8g5C~-e0zMuna4-CkQossh9CT9iV9~8kzbos~YbgpZhiQAqShic845WhUFb8KmsJw6JSvCFcLY5srQo9PrygaMDoypbr-mtOLH~lE7kr8MOe0~nKs8cAO5vjgAuohD1Fg0Ur9qA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578748"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578748/Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Word segmentation in monolingual a of English and" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84859359/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578748/Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and">Word segmentation in monolingual a of English and</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is shaped by experience listening to a specific language or language type. This issue was explored by comparing segmentation of bi-syllabic words in monolingual and bilingual 7.5-month-old learners of French and English. In a native-language condition, monolingual infants segmented bi-syllabic words with the predominant stress pattern of their native language. Monolingual French infants also segmented in a different dialect of French, whereas both monolingual groups failed in a cross-language test, i.e. English infants failed to segment in French and vice versa. These findings support the hypothesis that word segmentation is shaped by infant sensitivity to the rhythmic structure of their native language. Our finding that bilingual infants segment bi-syllabic words in two native languages at the same age as their monolingual peers shows that dual language exposure does not delay the emergenc...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1d613232b0a2fd74e5c52e1570f19821" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84859359,"asset_id":77578748,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84859359/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578748"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578748"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578748; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578748]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578748]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578748; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578748']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578748, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1d613232b0a2fd74e5c52e1570f19821" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578748]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578748,"title":"Word segmentation in monolingual a of English and","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is shaped by experience listening to a specific language or language type. This issue was explored by comparing segmentation of bi-syllabic words in monolingual and bilingual 7.5-month-old learners of French and English. In a native-language condition, monolingual infants segmented bi-syllabic words with the predominant stress pattern of their native language. Monolingual French infants also segmented in a different dialect of French, whereas both monolingual groups failed in a cross-language test, i.e. English infants failed to segment in French and vice versa. These findings support the hypothesis that word segmentation is shaped by infant sensitivity to the rhythmic structure of their native language. Our finding that bilingual infants segment bi-syllabic words in two native languages at the same age as their monolingual peers shows that dual language exposure does not delay the emergenc...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Word segmentation skills emerge during infancy, but it is unclear to what extent this ability is shaped by experience listening to a specific language or language type. This issue was explored by comparing segmentation of bi-syllabic words in monolingual and bilingual 7.5-month-old learners of French and English. In a native-language condition, monolingual infants segmented bi-syllabic words with the predominant stress pattern of their native language. Monolingual French infants also segmented in a different dialect of French, whereas both monolingual groups failed in a cross-language test, i.e. English infants failed to segment in French and vice versa. These findings support the hypothesis that word segmentation is shaped by infant sensitivity to the rhythmic structure of their native language. Our finding that bilingual infants segment bi-syllabic words in two native languages at the same age as their monolingual peers shows that dual language exposure does not delay the emergenc...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578748/Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:12.237-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84859359,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84859359/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p15_1021.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84859359/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84859359/p15_1021-libre.pdf?1650899685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWord_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=Um7tzIXMEG1f-LW7axZkP3woBr6WRzC7fjgRKXrCl9ptEcD2t2vJjEcgXW6aMSsJ95BXPfnO2rHWweHMHblolIy~1V0jZb8TeupAdWD0qHNfm-gZ74lH2iTUDf1mXng7vumo71h1nKYRO0lbk2YOZi7vS~G5i2NABVs2xz3KNjlk4zoxUADbgy502kV7CCogQelei8Rr5Pii0Z2w2j~jpOkPpodM6u0GKIflpcBGBXzohrJRAzMapDf2wOMNjpCKqozhTw0E6SrCUjdy4ogwfUQK2kP~1PGLwrolA5cIJYYtM~dWn9H5-ISlvLaRsSfb5gSqgZoQKwWl~8RcDW7iqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_English_and","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84859359,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84859359/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"p15_1021.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84859359/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Word_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84859359/p15_1021-libre.pdf?1650899685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWord_segmentation_in_monolingual_a_of_En.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=Um7tzIXMEG1f-LW7axZkP3woBr6WRzC7fjgRKXrCl9ptEcD2t2vJjEcgXW6aMSsJ95BXPfnO2rHWweHMHblolIy~1V0jZb8TeupAdWD0qHNfm-gZ74lH2iTUDf1mXng7vumo71h1nKYRO0lbk2YOZi7vS~G5i2NABVs2xz3KNjlk4zoxUADbgy502kV7CCogQelei8Rr5Pii0Z2w2j~jpOkPpodM6u0GKIflpcBGBXzohrJRAzMapDf2wOMNjpCKqozhTw0E6SrCUjdy4ogwfUQK2kP~1PGLwrolA5cIJYYtM~dWn9H5-ISlvLaRsSfb5gSqgZoQKwWl~8RcDW7iqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":19896452,"url":"https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_1021.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578747"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578747/Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effects of formant proximity and language experience on subcortical neural encoding of vowels in adulthood" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578747/Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood">Effects of formant proximity and language experience on subcortical neural encoding of vowels in adulthood</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the perception of vowels in adulthood. Here, we provide evidence of the effects of formant proximities and language experience at subcortical levels of the auditory pathway. Using a passive oddball/reversed oddball paradigm, the frequency-following response (FFR) in the auditory brainstem was elicited in sixteen healthy monolingual English speakers by a less-focal/English prototypic /u/ and a more-focal/French prototypic /u/. We examined the FFR as a function of stimulus type (English vs. French prototype) and condition (Standard vs. Deviant). A cross-correlation analysis revealed higher overall similarity between the FFR and evoking stimulus for the English prototype than the French prototype, suggesting an effect of language experience. Yet, deviants exhibited higher correlational values than standards. This effect was largely driven by the French prototype, suggesting an influence of foc...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578747"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578747"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578747; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578747]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578747]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578747; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578747']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578747, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578747]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578747,"title":"Effects of formant proximity and language experience on subcortical neural encoding of vowels in adulthood","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the perception of vowels in adulthood. Here, we provide evidence of the effects of formant proximities and language experience at subcortical levels of the auditory pathway. Using a passive oddball/reversed oddball paradigm, the frequency-following response (FFR) in the auditory brainstem was elicited in sixteen healthy monolingual English speakers by a less-focal/English prototypic /u/ and a more-focal/French prototypic /u/. We examined the FFR as a function of stimulus type (English vs. French prototype) and condition (Standard vs. Deviant). A cross-correlation analysis revealed higher overall similarity between the FFR and evoking stimulus for the English prototype than the French prototype, suggesting an effect of language experience. Yet, deviants exhibited higher correlational values than standards. This effect was largely driven by the French prototype, suggesting an influence of foc...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Formant frequency convergence (or “focalization”) and linguistic experience interact to shape the perception of vowels in adulthood. Here, we provide evidence of the effects of formant proximities and language experience at subcortical levels of the auditory pathway. Using a passive oddball/reversed oddball paradigm, the frequency-following response (FFR) in the auditory brainstem was elicited in sixteen healthy monolingual English speakers by a less-focal/English prototypic /u/ and a more-focal/French prototypic /u/. We examined the FFR as a function of stimulus type (English vs. French prototype) and condition (Standard vs. Deviant). A cross-correlation analysis revealed higher overall similarity between the FFR and evoking stimulus for the English prototype than the French prototype, suggesting an effect of language experience. Yet, deviants exhibited higher correlational values than standards. This effect was largely driven by the French prototype, suggesting an influence of foc...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578747/Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:12.112-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effects_of_formant_proximity_and_language_experience_on_subcortical_neural_encoding_of_vowels_in_adulthood","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578746"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578746/Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Neurophysiological Correlates of Asymmetries in Vowel Perception: An English-French Cross-Linguistic Event-Related Potential Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905420/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578746/Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study">Neurophysiological Correlates of Asymmetries in Vowel Perception: An English-French Cross-Linguistic Event-Related Potential Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts, the ease of discrimination changes depending on the order of stimulus presentation, regardless of the language from which the contrast is drawn and the ambient language that infants have experienced. By adulthood, linguistic experience has altered vowel perception; analogous asymmetries are observed for non−native contrasts but are mitigated for native contrasts. Although these directional effects are well documented behaviorally, the brain mechanisms underlying them are poorly understood. In the present study we begin to address this gap. We first review recent behavioral work which shows that vowel perception asymmetries derive from phonetic encoding strategies, rather than general auditory processes. Two existing theoretical models–the Natural Referent Vowel framework and the Native Language Magnet model–are invoked as a means of interpreting these findings. Then we present the resul...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9e4dd31d0b4de07f1ab9ef50e96939ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84905420,"asset_id":77578746,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905420/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578746"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578746"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578746; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578746]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578746]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578746; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578746']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578746, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9e4dd31d0b4de07f1ab9ef50e96939ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578746]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578746,"title":"Neurophysiological Correlates of Asymmetries in Vowel Perception: An English-French Cross-Linguistic Event-Related Potential Study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts, the ease of discrimination changes depending on the order of stimulus presentation, regardless of the language from which the contrast is drawn and the ambient language that infants have experienced. By adulthood, linguistic experience has altered vowel perception; analogous asymmetries are observed for non−native contrasts but are mitigated for native contrasts. Although these directional effects are well documented behaviorally, the brain mechanisms underlying them are poorly understood. In the present study we begin to address this gap. We first review recent behavioral work which shows that vowel perception asymmetries derive from phonetic encoding strategies, rather than general auditory processes. Two existing theoretical models–the Natural Referent Vowel framework and the Native Language Magnet model–are invoked as a means of interpreting these findings. Then we present the resul...","publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},"translated_abstract":"Behavioral studies examining vowel perception in infancy indicate that, for many vowel contrasts, the ease of discrimination changes depending on the order of stimulus presentation, regardless of the language from which the contrast is drawn and the ambient language that infants have experienced. By adulthood, linguistic experience has altered vowel perception; analogous asymmetries are observed for non−native contrasts but are mitigated for native contrasts. Although these directional effects are well documented behaviorally, the brain mechanisms underlying them are poorly understood. In the present study we begin to address this gap. We first review recent behavioral work which shows that vowel perception asymmetries derive from phonetic encoding strategies, rather than general auditory processes. Two existing theoretical models–the Natural Referent Vowel framework and the Native Language Magnet model–are invoked as a means of interpreting these findings. Then we present the resul...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578746/Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:11.916-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84905420,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905420/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fnhum-15-607148.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905420/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905420/fnhum-15-607148-libre.pdf?1650934042=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNeurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=T1Q4Y7F5EoLYU47seepNySsPf5iX8m1Sdg6SaNVaifYCt32GK-l9rLnnVSV-FA1L1TcsH5y1A44GHYFjfiQHhiGmISfJnlQnfQc7buNajDDbYPeY~4EbXU0R04OLhKIjwFomZVVRIAddDmI2A4qzvO98nA2NmtZ1Ftj8MicHKfcYz9Zc1lrejWTfxLwodivqVlaqPD4TRFFEonqDtynDXwR2crvOjtFQEhJxELJQyJ3eRTK~BKc0m5MXsOC6M4r9FUzezlTXrkNfXDUaS25rN9Po3oWEMCk1UY94r4EVP9bZ452qFUygKUYftkqwUX2iCEzfDtsaUdj~Qoy7rGqaFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmetries_in_Vowel_Perception_An_English_French_Cross_Linguistic_Event_Related_Potential_Study","translated_slug":"","page_count":21,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84905420,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905420/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fnhum-15-607148.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905420/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Neurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905420/fnhum-15-607148-libre.pdf?1650934042=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNeurophysiological_Correlates_of_Asymmet.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=T1Q4Y7F5EoLYU47seepNySsPf5iX8m1Sdg6SaNVaifYCt32GK-l9rLnnVSV-FA1L1TcsH5y1A44GHYFjfiQHhiGmISfJnlQnfQc7buNajDDbYPeY~4EbXU0R04OLhKIjwFomZVVRIAddDmI2A4qzvO98nA2NmtZ1Ftj8MicHKfcYz9Zc1lrejWTfxLwodivqVlaqPD4TRFFEonqDtynDXwR2crvOjtFQEhJxELJQyJ3eRTK~BKc0m5MXsOC6M4r9FUzezlTXrkNfXDUaS25rN9Po3oWEMCk1UY94r4EVP9bZ452qFUygKUYftkqwUX2iCEzfDtsaUdj~Qoy7rGqaFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"}],"urls":[{"id":19896451,"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.607148/full"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578745"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578745/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetries in vowel perception arise from phonetic encoding strategies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578745/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies">Asymmetries in vowel perception arise from phonetic encoding strategies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult and infant) are biased toward extreme vocalic articulations, which lead to acoustic vowel signals with well-defined spectral prominences due to formant convergence. These directional effects occur with vowel stimuli presented in either the acoustic or the visual modality and are independent of specific linguistic experience. Current research is focused on elucidating the perceptual processes underlying this universal vowel bias. In the present investigation, the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in AX discrimination tasks for unimodal acoustic and visual vowels was manipulated (500 ms vs. 1000 ms) in order to examine whether asymmetries are present under experimental conditions that reduce demands on attention and working memory. Subjects discriminated either video-only or audio-only tokens of naturally-spoken English [u] and French [u] which differ in their degree of visible lip-rounding and proximity between F1...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578745"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578745"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578745; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578745]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578745]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578745; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578745']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578745, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578745]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578745,"title":"Asymmetries in vowel perception arise from phonetic encoding strategies","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult and infant) are biased toward extreme vocalic articulations, which lead to acoustic vowel signals with well-defined spectral prominences due to formant convergence. These directional effects occur with vowel stimuli presented in either the acoustic or the visual modality and are independent of specific linguistic experience. Current research is focused on elucidating the perceptual processes underlying this universal vowel bias. In the present investigation, the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in AX discrimination tasks for unimodal acoustic and visual vowels was manipulated (500 ms vs. 1000 ms) in order to examine whether asymmetries are present under experimental conditions that reduce demands on attention and working memory. Subjects discriminated either video-only or audio-only tokens of naturally-spoken English [u] and French [u] which differ in their degree of visible lip-rounding and proximity between F1...","publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},"translated_abstract":"Directional asymmetries in vowel discrimination studies reveal that speech perceivers (both adult and infant) are biased toward extreme vocalic articulations, which lead to acoustic vowel signals with well-defined spectral prominences due to formant convergence. These directional effects occur with vowel stimuli presented in either the acoustic or the visual modality and are independent of specific linguistic experience. Current research is focused on elucidating the perceptual processes underlying this universal vowel bias. In the present investigation, the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in AX discrimination tasks for unimodal acoustic and visual vowels was manipulated (500 ms vs. 1000 ms) in order to examine whether asymmetries are present under experimental conditions that reduce demands on attention and working memory. Subjects discriminated either video-only or audio-only tokens of naturally-spoken English [u] and French [u] which differ in their degree of visible lip-rounding and proximity between F1...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578745/Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:11.803-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Asymmetries_in_vowel_perception_arise_from_phonetic_encoding_strategies","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":1114253,"name":"VOWEL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VOWEL"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77578743"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578743/Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Physiological measures of mother–infant interactional synchrony" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905364/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77578743/Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony">Physiological measures of mother–infant interactional synchrony</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Developmental Psychobiology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="36642906c5feabb8830e36d543a87869" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84905364,"asset_id":77578743,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905364/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77578743"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77578743"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578743; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578743]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77578743]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77578743; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77578743']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77578743, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "36642906c5feabb8830e36d543a87869" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77578743]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77578743,"title":"Physiological measures of mother–infant interactional synchrony","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley","grobid_abstract":"Mother-infant synchrony has been observed very early in the development in the form of coordinated biological rhythms, body movements, gaze orientation, facial expression, emotional","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Developmental Psychobiology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":84905364},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77578743/Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-25T08:13:11.661-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3305327,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84905364,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905364/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905364/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905364/dev-libre.pdf?1650934046=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=OS~hv-mdip518bji239vd6uSlbDUJ6MLkZSwpXgOvcAWGfbXxyBZ2wsrP~Vikff1pqSodPEGK~NNVBA3U~~gb47CXeM7Jie2GeAZyll01uxpVPW0YOJnw2e7Px3ZlsdguHw8JjjJE10SfHV7As-urs0u8QR~GQ59nH5mHctL1ie~H34guSc2r~TKpytDWwZQD1HsFUlejzUg9aesPGN~im3JYFXrY16U3lBmdm5fn9M1MS9JtAnXOgKuHq3LeXARW4iiuJMJ6Db~FCmcjRfXK7kBKvJXNu5SHqua3OeSjGhZCCDFjCm8A-KjfjZvFaPeVyMvewa2S4STbEBN2EiqNw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant_interactional_synchrony","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3305327,"first_name":"Linda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Polka","page_name":"LindaPolka","domain_name":"mcgill","created_at":"2013-02-10T00:13:47.961-08:00","display_name":"Linda Polka","url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka"},"attachments":[{"id":84905364,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84905364/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"dev.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905364/download_file?st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjU3Njc4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Physiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84905364/dev-libre.pdf?1650934046=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhysiological_measures_of_mother_infant.pdf\u0026Expires=1732580382\u0026Signature=OS~hv-mdip518bji239vd6uSlbDUJ6MLkZSwpXgOvcAWGfbXxyBZ2wsrP~Vikff1pqSodPEGK~NNVBA3U~~gb47CXeM7Jie2GeAZyll01uxpVPW0YOJnw2e7Px3ZlsdguHw8JjjJE10SfHV7As-urs0u8QR~GQ59nH5mHctL1ie~H34guSc2r~TKpytDWwZQD1HsFUlejzUg9aesPGN~im3JYFXrY16U3lBmdm5fn9M1MS9JtAnXOgKuHq3LeXARW4iiuJMJ6Db~FCmcjRfXK7kBKvJXNu5SHqua3OeSjGhZCCDFjCm8A-KjfjZvFaPeVyMvewa2S4STbEBN2EiqNw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":85043,"name":"Developmental Psychobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychobiology"}],"urls":[{"id":19896449,"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fdev.21913"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "06c7123875cc166fa44a9c638aac2f35c885603988be584efda22be605c2b7f7", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="lcalJzbKlHdp4aCOHOY+lva2rEkGelIOoCN0sAQdESSQcP9SRmXG5WdcdNrkXLzv9r3W2sxKO2cPuwg2z8ZU+w==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://mcgill.academia.edu/LindaPolka" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="fN3MOeefH2OU3bAf6Ix1wzhsVa62sI/8WH1tWo7zxUF5a5ZMlzBN8ZpgZEsQNve6OGcvPXyA5pX35RHcRSiAng==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>