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enterprises</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: sensing enterprises"> <meta name="keywords" content="sensing enterprises"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="sensing enterprises"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1945</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: sensing enterprises</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1945</span> Internet of Things Applications on Supply Chain Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatriz%20Cort%C3%A9s">Beatriz Cortés</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9s%20Boza"> Andrés Boza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20P%C3%A9rez"> David Pérez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Llanos%20Cuenca"> Llanos Cuenca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Internet of Things (IoT) field is been applied in industries with different purposes. Sensing Enterprise (SE) is an attribute of an enterprise or a network that allows it to react to business stimuli originating on the internet. These fields have come into focus recently on the enterprises and there is some evidence of the use and implications in supply chain management while finding it as an interesting aspect to work on. This paper presents a revision and proposals of IoT applications in supply chain management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial" title="industrial">industrial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20systems" title=" production systems"> production systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20enterprises" title=" sensing enterprises"> sensing enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32455/internet-of-things-applications-on-supply-chain-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1944</span> Determinants of Internationalization of Social Enterprises: A 20-Year Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoqing%20Li">Xiaoqing Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social entrepreneurship drives the global movement as social enterprises create best ways to satisfy social needs through connecting international resources. However, what determines social enterprises to internationalize is underexplored. This study aims to answer this question by conducting a systematic review of studies of past 20 years on social enterprises' internationalization. Findings reveal that factors at the individual (entrepreneur), firm, and environment (home and host country) levels determine the degree of social enterprises' internationalization. Future research is challenged by: a. adopting an integrated approach examining the three levels to explain social enterprises' internationalization; b. the different nature of social enterprises from commercial businesses demands scholars to refine and develop appropriate theoretical models to capture the dynamism of social enterprises' internationalization behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title="determinants">determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title=" entrepreneurship"> entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internationalization" title=" internationalization"> internationalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprises" title=" social enterprises"> social enterprises</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85160/determinants-of-internationalization-of-social-enterprises-a-20-year-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">216</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1943</span> Studying the Implementation of 5S System in Egyptian Garment Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Seddik">K. M. Seddik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the implementation of 5S elements in the Egyptian garment enterprises. The paper depended on a survey questionnaire (established from Summit Business Solutions, New York) and observations to collect data from the respondents. The observations are based on the on-site visits and interviews with the managers, supervisors and labors. The enterprises divided into three groups according to the nature activity. The first group of enterprises encompassed 49.52% of the total samples, the second and third group of enterprises represented 50.48% The results of this research indicated to the influence of the nature activity in implementing 5S systems and conclude that sustain is a difficult element which involve encourage workers for developing and practicing a highly discipline. In addition the results demonstrate that although the enterprises may achieve a higher executing of 5S elements but it may realize a low coherence in implementation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5S%20elements" title="5S elements">5S elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garment%20enterprises" title=" garment enterprises"> garment enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implementation" title=" implementation"> implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean%20manufacturing" title=" lean manufacturing"> lean manufacturing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60357/studying-the-implementation-of-5s-system-in-egyptian-garment-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60357.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1942</span> The Organizational Commitment of the Public Enterprises in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Routsukol%20Sunalai">Routsukol Sunalai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of public enterprise reform policy on the attributes of organizational commitments in the public energy enterprises in Thailand. It compares three structural types of public energy enterprises: Totally state-owned public enterprises (type I), partially transformed public enterprises (type II), and totally transformed public enterprises (type III), based on the degree of state partially transformed public enterprises (type II), and totally transformed public enterprises (type III),based on the degree of reformed organizations, by analyzing the presence of the desirable attributes of organizational commitment as perceived by employees. Findings indicate that there are statistically significant differences in the level of some dimensions of organizational commitment (affective commitment and normative commitment) between the three types of public energy enterprises. The lack of a structural type difference holds for only continuance commitment. The results also indicate empirical evidence concerning the causal relationship between the antecedents and including organizational commitment also. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20control" title="management control">management control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20commitment" title=" organizational commitment"> organizational commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20enterprises%20in%20Thailand" title=" public enterprises in Thailand"> public enterprises in Thailand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20enterprise%20reform" title=" public enterprise reform"> public enterprise reform</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44212/the-organizational-commitment-of-the-public-enterprises-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1941</span> Understanding Organizational Capabilities and Dynamic Capabilities in the Context of Micro Enterprises: A Research Agenda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Gurkan%20Inan">G. Gurkan Inan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umit%20S.%20Bititci"> Umit S. Bititci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose of this study is to understand development of organizational capabilities in micro enterprises. Organizational capabilities underpin companies` competitive advantages as well as their ability to respond internal and external change. Current literature is focused on mainly large enterprises, with some interest on SMEs. However there is little research attempting to understand the applicability of organizational capability theories on micro enterprises. In this paper we propose a research framework and a research agenda for addressing this gap. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20enterprises" title="micro enterprises">micro enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20capabilities" title=" organizational capabilities"> organizational capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20capabilities" title=" dynamic capabilities"> dynamic capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14155/understanding-organizational-capabilities-and-dynamic-capabilities-in-the-context-of-micro-enterprises-a-research-agenda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1940</span> Conditions of Human Resource Development in Small Enterprises: The Results of Comparative Studies Conducted in Poland and Finland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ewa%20Rak">Ewa Rak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper utilises literature studies and author’s research conducted in small enterprises using survey. The purpose of the study is to identify conditions of employee development in small enterprises. More specifically, it will be barriers to employee development, needs for development expressed by interested employees themselves and the attitude of the company to employee development. Moreover, the enterprises participation in funding and initiating development activities will be presented. Paper presents the results of comparative studies conducted with employees of small enterprises in Poland and Finland in 2015-2016. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20development" title="employee development">employee development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finland" title=" Finland"> Finland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resources%20development" title=" human resources development"> human resources development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poland" title=" Poland"> Poland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20enterprises" title=" small enterprises"> small enterprises</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48624/conditions-of-human-resource-development-in-small-enterprises-the-results-of-comparative-studies-conducted-in-poland-and-finland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1939</span> The Antecedents That Effect on Organizational Commitment of the Public Enterprises in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mananya%20Meenakorn">Mananya Meenakorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of public enterprise reform policy on the attributes of organizational commitments in the public energy enterprises in Thailand. It compares three structural types of public energy enterprises: totally state-owned public enterprises, partially transformed public enterprises and totally transformed public enterprises, based on the degree of state ownership and the level of management control that exist in the public reformed organizations, by analyzing the presence of the desirable attributes of organizational commitment as perceived by employees. Findings indicate that there are statistically significant differences in the level of some dimensions of organizational commitment between the three types of public energy enterprises. The results also indicate empirical evidence concerning the causal relationship between the antecedents and organizational commitment. Whereas change-related behaviors show a direct negative influence on organizational commitment, both HRM practices and work-related values indicate direct positive influences on them also. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affective%20commitment" title="affective commitment">affective commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20commitment" title=" organizational commitment"> organizational commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20enterprise%20reform%20organizations" title=" public enterprise reform organizations"> public enterprise reform organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20energy%20enterprises%20in%20Thailand" title=" public energy enterprises in Thailand"> public energy enterprises in Thailand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43990/the-antecedents-that-effect-on-organizational-commitment-of-the-public-enterprises-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1938</span> Innovativeness of the Furniture Enterprises in Bulgaria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radostina%20Popova">Radostina Popova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents an analysis of the innovation performance of small and medium-sized furniture enterprises in Bulgaria, accounting for over 97% of the companies in the sector. It contains advanced features of innovation in enterprises, specific features of the furniture industry in Bulgaria and analysis of the results of studies on the topic. The results from studies of three successive periods - 2006-2008; 2008-2010; 2010-2012, during which were studied 594 small and medium-sized furniture enterprises. There are commonly used in the EU definitions and indicators (European Commission, OECD, Oslo Manual), which allows for the comparability of results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20activity" title="innovation activity">innovation activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitiveness%20of%20innovation" title=" competitiveness of innovation"> competitiveness of innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20enterprises%20in%20Bulgaria" title=" furniture enterprises in Bulgaria"> furniture enterprises in Bulgaria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2544/innovativeness-of-the-furniture-enterprises-in-bulgaria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1937</span> Domestic Remittances, Household Enterprises, and Household Well-being in Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul-Majeed%20Imoro">Abdul-Majeed Imoro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the interactive effect of domestic remittances and household enterprises on household well-being in Ghana. The study employs data drawn from the seventh wave of the Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS 7) comprising 14,009 households located in 1,000 enumeration areas for the 2016/2017 period. This study employs the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression technique in estimating the interactive effect of domestic remittances and household enterprises on household well-being. The Linear Probability Model (LPM) is used to estimate the impact of domestic remittances on household enterprises. A Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) model is employed to solve endogeneity issues between the dependent variable and the explanatory variable. This study reveals the following findings: domestic remittances improve household well-being significantly. Also, there is a significant negative impact of domestic remittances on household enterprises. This implies that households that receive domestic remittances are less likely to engage in household enterprises. Finally, the 2SLS results show a significant and positive impact of the interaction between domestic remittances and household enterprises on household well-being. This study provides empirical evidence of why policymakers need to encourage households that receive domestic remittances to diversify their income sources and invest in other income-generating activities such as household enterprises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20remittances" title="domestic remittances">domestic remittances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household%20enterprises" title=" household enterprises"> household enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household%20well-being" title=" household well-being"> household well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191629/domestic-remittances-household-enterprises-and-household-well-being-in-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1936</span> Capacity Optimization in Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Pirmoradian">Mahdi Pirmoradian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olayinka%20Adigun"> Olayinka Adigun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christos%20Politis"> Christos Politis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cooperative spectrum sensing is a crucial challenge in cognitive radio networks. Cooperative sensing can increase the reliability of spectrum hole detection, optimize sensing time and reduce delay in cooperative networks. In this paper, an efficient central capacity optimization algorithm is proposed to minimize cooperative sensing time in a homogenous sensor network using OR decision rule subject to the detection and false alarm probabilities constraints. The evaluation results reveal significant improvement in the sensing time and normalized capacity of the cognitive sensors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20networks" title="cooperative networks">cooperative networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20capacity" title=" normalized capacity"> normalized capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20time" title=" sensing time"> sensing time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25670/capacity-optimization-in-cooperative-cognitive-radio-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">633</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1935</span> Variables for Measuring the Impact of the Social Enterprises in the Field of Community Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Irudaya%20Veni%20Mary">A. Irudaya Veni Mary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Victor%20Louis%20Anthuvan"> M. Victor Louis Anthuvan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Christie"> P. Christie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Indira"> A. Indira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In India, social enterprises are working to create social value in various fields including education; health; women and child development; environment protection and community development. Although social enterprises have brought about tremendous changes in the lives of beneficiaries, the importance of their works is not understood thoroughly. One of the ways to prove themselves is to measure the impact, which in recent times has received much attention. This paper focuses on the study of social value created by the social enterprises in the field of community development. It also aims to put forth a research tool for measuring the social value created by the social enterprises in the field of community development. A close-ended interview schedule was prepared to measure the social value creation and it was administered among 60 beneficiaries of two social enterprises who work in the field of community development. The study results show that the social enterprises have brought four types of impact in the life of their beneficiaries; economic impact, social impact, political impact and cultural impact. This study is limited to the social enterprises those who work towards community development. This empirical finding will enable the reader to understand various types of social value created by the social enterprises working in the field of community development. This study will also serve as guide for social enterprises in community development activities to measure their impact and thereby improve their operation towards the betterment of the society. This paper is derived from an empirical research carried out to describe the different types of social value created by the social enterprises in India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprise" title="social enterprise">social enterprise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20entrepreneurs" title=" social entrepreneurs"> social entrepreneurs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20impact" title=" social impact"> social impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20value" title=" social value"> social value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20for%20social%20impact%20measurement" title=" tool for social impact measurement"> tool for social impact measurement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82762/variables-for-measuring-the-impact-of-the-social-enterprises-in-the-field-of-community-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1934</span> Diffusion of Social Innovation in Thai Community Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanisa%20Sirithaporn">Thanisa Sirithaporn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to examine the diffusion of social innovation among Thai Community Enterprises in conjunction with a singular case study of a medium-sized corporation that has successfully transitioned from a charitable foundation to a sustainable, profitable entity creating value for both shareholders and the communities in which it operates. It seeks to bridge the gap between different streams of aligned research in the fields of diffusion, social innovation, and community enterprises into a more cohesive conceptual framework and thus to better understand the historical and current impediments that have resulted in so many enterprises failing to be sustainable. The methodology is mixed and dual phased. The initial quantitative phase uses a questionnaire as the main research instrument distributed among community enterprises throughout Thailand which will provide the themes for the qualitative phase through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders at a commercial enterprise actively engaged in social innovation. The findings seek to present a more comprehensive conceptual framework and actionable guidelines to aid community enterprises to develop social innovation in a sustainable manner that creates value to its beneficiaries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title="diffusion">diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20enterprises" title=" community enterprises"> community enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20innovation" title=" social innovation"> social innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand"> Thailand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106730/diffusion-of-social-innovation-in-thai-community-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1933</span> Effect of Using a Mixture of Al2O3 Nanoparticles and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane as the Sensing Membrane for Polysilicon Wire on pH Sensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=You-Lin%20Wu">You-Lin Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zong-Xian%20Wu"> Zong-Xian Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing-Jenn%20Lin"> Jing-Jenn Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shih-Hung%20Lin"> Shih-Hung Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, a polysilicon wire (PSW) coated with a mixture of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (r-APTES) and Al2O3 nanoparticles as the sensing membrane prepared with various Al2O3/r-APTES and dispersing agent/r-APTES ratios for pH sensing is studied. The r-APTES and dispersed Al2O3 nanoparticles mixture was directly transferred to PSW surface by solution phase deposition (SPD). It is found that using a mixture of Al2O3 nanoparticles and r-APTES as the sensing membrane help in improving the pH sensing of the PSW sensor and a 5 min SPD deposition time is the best. Dispersing agent is found to be necessary for better pH sensing when preparing the mixture of Al2O3 nanoparticles and r-APTES. The optimum condition for preparing the mixture is found to be Al2O3/r-APTES ratio of 2% and dispersing agent/r-APTES ratio of 0.3%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=al2o3%20nanoparticles" title="al2o3 nanoparticles">al2o3 nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ph%20sensing" title=" ph sensing"> ph sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polysilicon%20wire%20sensor" title=" polysilicon wire sensor"> polysilicon wire sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=r-aptes" title=" r-aptes"> r-aptes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31242/effect-of-using-a-mixture-of-al2o3-nanoparticles-and-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-as-the-sensing-membrane-for-polysilicon-wire-on-ph-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1932</span> Detection Efficient Enterprises via Data Envelopment Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Turkan">S. Turkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the Turkey’s Top 500 Industrial Enterprises data in 2014 were analyzed by data envelopment analysis. Data envelopment analysis is used to detect efficient decision-making units such as universities, hospitals, schools etc. by using inputs and outputs. The decision-making units in this study are enterprises. To detect efficient enterprises, some financial ratios are determined as inputs and outputs. For this reason, financial indicators related to productivity of enterprises are considered. The efficient foreign weighted owned capital enterprises are detected via super efficiency model. According to the results, it is said that Mercedes-Benz is the most efficient foreign weighted owned capital enterprise in Turkey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="data envelopment analysis">data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20efficiency" title=" super efficiency"> super efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20regression" title=" logistic regression"> logistic regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20ratios" title=" financial ratios"> financial ratios</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55862/detection-efficient-enterprises-via-data-envelopment-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1931</span> Effects of Employees’ Training Program on the Performance of Small Scale Enterprises in Oyo State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Itiola%20Kehinde%20Adeniran">Itiola Kehinde Adeniran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the effect of employees’ training on the performance of small scale enterprises in Oyo State. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 150 respondents through purposive sampling method. Linear regression was used with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 to analyze the data collected in order to examine the effect of independent variable, employees’ training on dependent variable, performance (profit) of small scale enterprises. The result revealed that employees’ training has a significant effect on the performance of small scale enterprises. It was concluded that predictor variable namely (training) is 55.5% variance of enterprises performance (profitability). Therefore, the paper recommended that all small scale enterprises in Nigeria should embrace manpower training and development in order to improve employees’ performance leading to organizational profitability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title="training">training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20performance" title=" employee performance"> employee performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20scale%20enterprise" title=" small scale enterprise"> small scale enterprise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20profitability" title=" organizational profitability "> organizational profitability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34169/effects-of-employees-training-program-on-the-performance-of-small-scale-enterprises-in-oyo-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1930</span> Quantile Smoothing Splines: Application on Productivity of Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semra%20Turkan">Semra Turkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have examined the factors that affect the productivity of Turkey’s Top 500 Industrial Enterprises in 2014. The labor productivity of enterprises is taken as an indicator of productivity of industrial enterprises. When the relationships between some financial ratios and labor productivity, it is seen that there is a nonparametric relationship between labor productivity and return on sales. In addition, the distribution of labor productivity of enterprises is right-skewed. If the dependent distribution is skewed, the quantile regression is more suitable for this data. Hence, the nonparametric relationship between labor productivity and return on sales by quantile smoothing splines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantile%20regression" title="quantile regression">quantile regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoothing%20spline" title=" smoothing spline"> smoothing spline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20productivity" title=" labor productivity"> labor productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20ratios" title=" financial ratios"> financial ratios</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60552/quantile-smoothing-splines-application-on-productivity-of-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1929</span> The Impact of Social Enterprises on Women Empowerment in South Asia: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba%20Aziz">Saba Aziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social enterprises are playing a growing role in transforming the lives of individuals and communities around the world, providing innovative solutions to critical social and environmental issues such as education, job creation, and health care. Women are increasingly utilising services of these enterprises to overcome socio-economic constraints and increase their access to business and market. This article systematically reviews the available literature on the role of social enterprises on women's empowerment in South Asia. Twelve key terms were specified and researched on five databases. Some of the literature was excluded based on the lack of evidence on the involvement of social enterprises. Remaining literature was rated according to the quality; due to methodological inconsistency, the findings are presented in a descriptive form. The relevant studies review the impact of social enterprises on women’s economic, social, relational, health, personal and political aspects of empowerment. In discussion, we outline areas for further research on social enterprises activity that impacts women’s overall empowerment specifically in South Asia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprise" title="social enterprise">social enterprise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20empowerment" title=" women empowerment"> women empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=well-being" title=" well-being"> well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20impact" title=" social impact"> social impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20finance" title=" micro finance"> micro finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Asia" title=" South Asia"> South Asia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109188/the-impact-of-social-enterprises-on-women-empowerment-in-south-asia-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1928</span> Social Enterprises in Rural Canada</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prescott%20C.%20Ensign">Prescott C. Ensign</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social enterprises play a vital role in Canada’s rural and northern communities. Most operate as non-profit organizations, use market approaches, and generate revenue from services or goods to support goals that address social, cultural, and environmental issues. As provincial and federal governments make reductions to programs providing social services to local communities, rural and northern residents who already have fewer resources from which to draw will be especially affected. Social enterprises will be called on to take up the slack. The aim of this paper is to provide a more comprehensive picture of the social enterprise as an organization and to understand the impact that context/ecosystem has on a social enterprise as it develops. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprises" title="social enterprises">social enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structuration" title=" structuration"> structuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embeddedness" title=" embeddedness"> embeddedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem" title=" ecosystem"> ecosystem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121642/social-enterprises-in-rural-canada" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1927</span> Reliability Factors Based Fuzzy Logic Scheme for Spectrum Sensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tallataf%20Rasheed">Tallataf Rasheed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20Rashdi"> Adnan Rashdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Naeem%20Akhtar"> Ahmad Naeem Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The accurate spectrum sensing is a fundamental requirement of dynamic spectrum access for deployment of Cognitive Radio Network (CRN). To acheive this requirement a Reliability factors based Fuzzy Logic (RFL) Scheme for Spectrum Sensing has been proposed in this paper. Cognitive Radio User (CRU) predicts the presence or absence of Primary User (PU) using energy detector and calculates the Reliability factors which are SNR of sensing node, threshold of energy detector and decision difference of each node with other nodes in a cooperative spectrum sensing environment. Then the decision of energy detector is combined with Reliability factors of sensing node using Fuzzy Logic. These Reliability Factors used in RFL Scheme describes the reliability of decision made by a CRU to improve the local spectrum sensing. This Fuzzy combining scheme provides the accuracy of decision made by sensornode. The simulation results have shown that the proposed technique provide better PU detection probability than existing Spectrum Sensing Techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20radio" title="cognitive radio">cognitive radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrum%20sensing" title=" spectrum sensing"> spectrum sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20detector" title=" energy detector"> energy detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20factors" title=" reliability factors"> reliability factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77586/reliability-factors-based-fuzzy-logic-scheme-for-spectrum-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1926</span> Modelling Strategy Planning in Multi Business Companies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gelareh%20Changizi">Gelareh Changizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Khajavi"> Mahsa Khajavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ladan%20Shahhosseini"> Ladan Shahhosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Corporate-level strategy, or simply ‘parent strategy’, is a topic that has received much attention since the very early days of the strategic planning field. Since the multi level enterprises have different sub enterprises which deal with different business environments, we cannot define the same strategic perspective for all of them. Therefore, the determination of a perspective to manage and deal with affiliates of such enterprises is the main challenge. The parent strategy in mother enterprises' level has been analyzed in this research. A case study has been carried to comprehensively describe the proposed model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parent%20strategy" title="parent strategy">parent strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-business%20companies" title=" multi-business companies"> multi-business companies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lifecycle" title=" lifecycle"> lifecycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53443/modelling-strategy-planning-in-multi-business-companies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1925</span> Competitiveness of the Innovations of Furniture Enterprises in Bulgaria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radostina%20Popova">Radostina Popova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis of the competitiveness of the innovation of furniture enterprises in Bulgaria requires distinguishing types of innovation and innovation activities to determine the results. Main object of the analysis are the results of innovative activities with a high degree of novelty that determine competitiveness and high innovation. It is focused on innovative research in the EU in the last three-year period and its level is directly related to the forms of protection of industrial property, which enterprises use. The results are from studies of innovation of furniture enterprises in Bulgaria during the period - 2006-2012 on a sample of more than 600 furniture companies. The results from studies are focused on product and process (technological) innovations with a high degree of novelty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovations" title="innovations">innovations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitiveness" title=" competitiveness"> competitiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20enterprises" title=" furniture enterprises"> furniture enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulgaria" title=" Bulgaria"> Bulgaria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23833/competitiveness-of-the-innovations-of-furniture-enterprises-in-bulgaria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1924</span> Comparative Analysis of Patent Protection between Health System and Enterprises in Shanghai, China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Na%20Li">Na Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunwei%20Zhang"> Yunwei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuhong%20Niu"> Yuhong Niu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study discussed the patent protections of health system and enterprises in Shanghai. The comparisons of technical distribution and scopes of patent protections between Shanghai health system and enterprises were used by the methods of IPC classification, co-words analysis and visual social network. Results reflected a decreasing order within IPC A61 area, namely A61B, A61K, A61M, and A61F. A61B required to be further investigated. The highest authorized patents A61B17 of A61B of IPC A61 area was found. Within A61B17, fracture fixation, ligament reconstruction, cardiac surgery, and biopsy detection were regarded as common concerned fields by Shanghai health system and enterprises. However, compared with cardiac closure which Shanghai enterprises paid attention to, Shanghai health system was more inclined to blockages and hemostatic tools. The results also revealed that the scopes of patent protections of Shanghai enterprises were relatively centralized. Shanghai enterprises had a series of comprehensive strategies for protecting core patents. In contrast, Shanghai health system was considered to be lack of strategic patent protections for core patents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-words%20analysis" title="co-words analysis">co-words analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPC%20classification" title=" IPC classification"> IPC classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patent%20protection" title=" patent protection"> patent protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20distribution" title=" technical distribution"> technical distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105197/comparative-analysis-of-patent-protection-between-health-system-and-enterprises-in-shanghai-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1923</span> Performance of Nakagami Fading Channel over Energy Detection Based Spectrum Sensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ranjeeth">M. Ranjeeth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Anuradha"> S. Anuradha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spectrum sensing is the main feature of cognitive radio technology. Spectrum sensing gives an idea of detecting the presence of the primary users in a licensed spectrum. In this paper we compare the theoretical results of detection probability of different fading environments like Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami-m fading channels with the simulation results using energy detection based spectrum sensing. The numerical results are plotted as P_f Vs P_d for different SNR values, fading parameters. It is observed that Nakagami fading channel performance is better than other fading channels by using energy detection in spectrum sensing. A MATLAB simulation test bench has been implemented to know the performance of energy detection in different fading channel environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrum%20sensing" title="spectrum sensing">spectrum sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20detection" title=" energy detection"> energy detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fading%20channels" title=" fading channels"> fading channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability%20of%20detection" title=" probability of detection"> probability of detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability%20of%20false%20alarm" title=" probability of false alarm"> probability of false alarm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15800/performance-of-nakagami-fading-channel-over-energy-detection-based-spectrum-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1922</span> Support and Development of SMEs in the Slovak Republic: Selected Issues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Kelisek">Alexander Kelisek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stanislava%20Strelcova"> Stanislava Strelcova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developing of business in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is a specific especially for its flexibility and rapid adaptation to the conditions of turbulent market environment compared to large enterprises. Therefore, an importance of SMEs is growing rapidly in Slovakia but also in other EU countries. Small and medium enterprises are characterized by transparent organizational structure, as it allows the realization of direct management and information flow without significant negative aspects. In the national economy small and medium-sized enterprises represent a significant potential when performs a several important functions (e.g. social, economic, export-import, etc.) The significance of these enterprises is not only at national, but also at transnational level. Importance of SMEs is also aware of the EU, which declared this statement in a key document for SMEs called Small Business Act. In this document, SMEs are characterized, as the backbone of the EU economy and also as a key source of jobs opportunities. In addition to these aspects, SMEs attaches high innovation and development potential. The authors of the article are dealing with the current status of SMEs development in the Slovak Republic and highlight the current challenges that entrepreneurs face in their small and medium enterprises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20and%20medium%20enterprises%20%28SMEs%29" title="small and medium enterprises (SMEs)">small and medium enterprises (SMEs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20support" title=" business support"> business support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMEs%20development" title=" SMEs development"> SMEs development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMEs%20funding" title=" SMEs funding"> SMEs funding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59489/support-and-development-of-smes-in-the-slovak-republic-selected-issues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1921</span> CSR Reporting, State Ownership, and Corporate Performance in China: Proof from Longitudinal Data of Publicly Traded Enterprises from 2006 to 2020</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanda%20Luen-Wun%20Siu">Wanda Luen-Wun Siu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaowen%20Zhang"> Xiaowen Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper offered the primary methodical proof on how CSR reporting related to enterprise earnings in listed firms in China in light of most evidence focusing on cross-sectional data or data in a short span of time. Using full economic and business panel data on China’s publicly listed enterprise from 2006 to 2020 over two decades in the China Stock Market and Accounting Research database, we found initial evidence of significant direct relations between CSR reporting and firm corporate performance in both state-owned and privately owned firms over this period, supporting the stakeholder theory. Results also revealed that state-owned enterprises performed as well as private enterprises in the current period. But private enterprises performed better than state-owned enterprises in the subsequent years. Moreover, the release of social responsibility reports had a more significant impact on the financial performance of state-owned and private enterprises in the current period than in the subsequent periods. Specifically, CSR release was not significantly associated with the financial performance of state-owned enterprises on the lag of the first, second, and third periods. But it had an impact on the lag of the first, second, and third periods among private enterprises. Such findings suggested that CSR reporting helped improve the corporate financial performance of state-owned and private enterprises in the current period, but this kind of effect was more significant among private enterprises in the lag periods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China%E2%80%99s%20listed%20firms" title="China’s listed firms">China’s listed firms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSR%20reporting" title=" CSR reporting"> CSR reporting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20performance" title=" financial performance"> financial performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20analysis" title=" panel analysis"> panel analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141247/csr-reporting-state-ownership-and-corporate-performance-in-china-proof-from-longitudinal-data-of-publicly-traded-enterprises-from-2006-to-2020" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1920</span> The Journey to Social Entrepreneurship: Profile Analysis of Social Enterprises in Morocco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinab%20Hmama">Zeinab Hmama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Much recent discourse has highlighted the supporting role of social entrepreneurs in solving social problems. However, the identification of social enterprise’s characteristics in emerging countries has not yet been thoroughly examined. This research seeks to explores the profile of social enterprises in Morocco. In this perspective, we conduct a quantitative study on a sample of 87 social enterprises. This study was undertaken in Morocco based on a quantitative study lead among sample consists of 82 organizations qualified as social enterprises. Therefore, the response rate was 45.12% (37/82). Participants in the study were described on the basis of the following demographic characteristics: Gender, Age, Education Level and field, Entrepreneurial activity age, Legal forms, Line of business. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20entrepreneurship" title="social entrepreneurship">social entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprise" title=" social enterprise"> social enterprise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem%20resolution" title=" problem resolution"> problem resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20creation" title=" value creation"> value creation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148086/the-journey-to-social-entrepreneurship-profile-analysis-of-social-enterprises-in-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1919</span> Understanding the Operational Challenges of Social Enterprises: A Review of Real-Life Issues in the Context of Developing Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Humayun%20Murshed">Humayun Murshed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is growing importance of ‘social enterprise’ among the researchers and policy makers around the globe. Such enterprises have been viewed as alternative means for addressing the concerns relating to financing of corporate enterprises and social empowerment. This, some cases, has led to relatively unrealistic and higher level of expectations among policy makers and the members of the society at large. There is a general perception among different social actors that these enterprises provide universal and magic solution towards employment generation, and thus resulting in eradicating poverty, and ensuring equitable distribution of income and wealth. However, in many cases, these enterprises find a challenging journey in terms of prevailing market structure, socio-political environment, and unrealistic perception and expectations of social participants. This paper is focused on reviewing case studies based on empirical research and information from secondary sources and geared to looking at the challenges that social enterprises face. The research will draw the experience primarily from the developing countries’ perspective by adopting case study methodology. A tentative action plan will be suggested for further review by the policy makers and researchers in this growing arena of discipline. This research will attempt to highlight the myths and realities surrounding the operation of social enterprises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprises" title="social enterprises">social enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20empowerment" title=" social empowerment"> social empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financing%20need" title=" financing need"> financing need</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74860/understanding-the-operational-challenges-of-social-enterprises-a-review-of-real-life-issues-in-the-context-of-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74860.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1918</span> Analysis of the Internationalisation of Spanish Enterprises in Colombia through Cooperation Agreements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandoval%20H.%20Leyla%20Ang%C3%A9lica">Sandoval H. Leyla Angélica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Casani%20Fernando"> Casani Fernando</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to analyse how enterprises in developed countries use cooperation agreements to expand into developing countries. Starting from the literature review, seven theoretical prepositions were derived. The qualitative methodology used includes case study, through interviews conducted with eight enterprises from Spain and Colombia. Results show that the cooperation agreements have provided a quick and solid connection that facilitates internationalization, bearing in mind aspects such as: strategic factors, partners, network, technology, experience, communication methods, social benefit and the connection between these aspects and allied enterprises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internationalisation" title="internationalisation">internationalisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firms" title=" firms"> firms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperation%20agreement" title=" cooperation agreement"> cooperation agreement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spain" title=" Spain"> Spain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colombia" title=" Colombia"> Colombia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22521/analysis-of-the-internationalisation-of-spanish-enterprises-in-colombia-through-cooperation-agreements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1917</span> Radio-Frequency Technologies for Sensing and Imaging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cam%20Nguyen">Cam Nguyen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid, accurate, and safe sensing and imaging of physical quantities or structures finds many applications and is of significant interest to society. Sensing and imaging using radio-frequency (RF) techniques, particularly, has gone through significant development and subsequently established itself as a unique territory in the sensing world. RF sensing and imaging has played a critical role in providing us many sensing and imaging abilities beyond our human capabilities, benefiting both civilian and military applications - for example, from sensing abnormal conditions underneath some structures’ surfaces to detection and classification of concealed items, hidden activities, and buried objects. We present the developments of several sensing and imaging systems implementing RF technologies like ultra-wide band (UWB), synthetic-pulse, and interferometry. These systems are fabricated completely using RF integrated circuits. The UWB impulse system operates over multiple pulse durations from 450 to 1170 ps with 5.5-GHz RF bandwidth. It performs well through tests of various samples, demonstrating its usefulness for subsurface sensing. The synthetic-pulse system operating from 0.6 to 5.6 GHz can assess accurately subsurface structures. The synthetic-pulse system operating from 29.72-37.7 GHz demonstrates abilities for various surface and near-surface sensing such as profile mapping, liquid-level monitoring, and anti-personnel mine locating. The interferometric system operating at 35.6 GHz demonstrates its multi-functional capability for measurement of displacements and slow velocities. These RF sensors are attractive and useful for various surface and subsurface sensing applications. This paper was made possible by NPRP grant # 6-241-2-102 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20sensors" title="RF sensors">RF sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radars" title=" radars"> radars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20sensing" title=" surface sensing"> surface sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsurface%20sensing" title=" subsurface sensing"> subsurface sensing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73251/radio-frequency-technologies-for-sensing-and-imaging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1916</span> Signals Affecting Crowdfunding Success for Australian Social Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20Yen%20Nhi%20Doan">Mai Yen Nhi Doan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viet%20Le"> Viet Le</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chamindika%20Weerakoon"> Chamindika Weerakoon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social enterprises have emerged as sustainable organisations that deliver social achievement along with long-term financial advancement. However, recorded financial barriers have urged social enterprises to divert to other financing methods due to the misaligned ideology with traditional financing capitalists, in which crowdfunding can be a promising alternative. Previous studies in crowdfunding have inadequately addressed crowdfunding for social enterprises, with conflicting results due to the unsuitable analysis of signals in isolation rather than in combinations, using the data from platforms that do not support social enterprises. Extending the signalling theory, this study suggests that crowdfunding success results from the collaboration between costly and costless signals. The proposed conceptual framework enlightens the interaction between costly signals as “organisational information”, “social entrepreneur’s credibility,” and “third-party endorsement” and costless signals as various sub-signals under the “campaign preparedness” signal to achieve crowdfunding success. Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis, this study examined 45 crowdfunding campaigns run by Australian social enterprises on StartSomeGood and Chuffed. The analysis found that different combinations of costly and costless signals can lead to crowdfunding success, allowing social enterprises to adopt suitable combinations of signals to their context. Costless signal – campaign preparedness is fundamental for success, though different costless sub-signals under campaign preparedness can interact with different costly signals for the desired outcome. Third-party endorsement signal was found to be the necessary signal for crowdfunding success for Australian social enterprises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crowdfunding" title="crowdfunding">crowdfunding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20comparative%20analysis%20%28QCA%29" title=" qualitative comparative analysis (QCA)"> qualitative comparative analysis (QCA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signalling%20theory" title=" signalling theory"> signalling theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprises" title=" social enterprises"> social enterprises</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165858/signals-affecting-crowdfunding-success-for-australian-social-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20enterprises&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20enterprises&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20enterprises&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20enterprises&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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