CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.tandfonline.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91384684084440ce',cH: 'Ds40BBzICiBrCjhTWS3e1MMiyVxXEX5D6KFnsDa2hDY-1739821502-1.2.1.1-w982yyWCuTQadGjM.oK1cXBBmiyFacdAsgy.kIDIHVjponLFqeB1zM9Q.DZ7sS0N',cUPMDTk: "\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00275514.1971.12019185?__cf_chl_tk=mHuE3jETDflGKy1VHtthlyhsdEMdKOjimmRSU5BBJo0-1739821502-1.0.1.1-mjkXqGeA.kNtmKvmO3tQOMqeIF0ag7lBDWD1ufc5nxA",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739821502',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00275514.1971.12019185?__cf_chl_f_tk=mHuE3jETDflGKy1VHtthlyhsdEMdKOjimmRSU5BBJo0-1739821502-1.0.1.1-mjkXqGeA.kNtmKvmO3tQOMqeIF0ag7lBDWD1ufc5nxA",md: "QbMrOP0hdVtvr2nat33khc1G5_X2iOaJ7s3_JhwA1B4-1739821502-1.2.1.1-y25R.UaQZjdGKuZ9Uwu.7WgAfBJ7fmwxrDeZf1KwOx05ok7iy6BYRLWw5Igtaug4QwQ0TVYfdHC3.O2si2vQcYwGpibLZgq62.g3ebF133NTZ518UgRIeHad09QE9Rao09ymbP94QqmtP0N8EjUAyENgRz88JMBwf0x99ftiHEzv3BmzWCMZRgUmWukuonzNl93yMbJelSkosY6k3DL52K7gUhlzAddXfaH41sv8iYH.wdfcBciuVzn9D9dUBjbhkFQAaoYRFVAMSAIgX71.eom_jPqWV5e7kturTuCUe7Hx9lLujAXm02an5HzJdpzgBrEeOpnZK.qneSrbFol7nakXx_407E_9xH1U2_g854LiZ.g9lMqcGJV5ORnXEPpFYkc27Mikrm_GW_bU04EbqX3VOt6Sz6kiLBKTAkQjH3tDr4uiKSSLEhXAMzwLAPuxbZNv0FYblT3Fv1CHp3j433agKcnBcX7_69jSvloWyd1N_aCzVJkVUJFGLTe1de3O1rVN.DPImh3PZJx3wVIysjlJ7Yco5rZfijh0NX4qr2WKdpNLc.Az25OIf8wK.hcNNxxnmtVV_mZRmYb1yzALkkYY4mkG50tqvIB9htMTrDVXvO_fDdERKf9SObmsimIrCBhr6.3gBQoVFg1o4qgwmko1T7v7yOQzG8nUAVOMnh.zxopNcZ2dFXJoJNoSq_s1zifggu0dhOH5PA9HSqPCqqtqysylEZlZkJ1P_jxktN92xzlcthCbB4hLwsb0ky4nrUfriSXI..o0C_Ao6gQaWLhJxLJKPZ413YgFujDn0jmlaaVxk1r7ORgey7jpy4C2PJRP_Fif_v4BfLCsD6xz.huNhRSf7MPWczFhrpMOdfdsyqs8eAaRU3Nk4vxmd7_.aYYf2zgtgLcul_mSHOdqt6NA3sbDml15lcdEg_.RZLoo7zvKqCLdRko8_z60l4J49Ek5kAb_P4vQF1d0FtGP5TuOcf88BnTvLYk1Isw6IMwySoMC_aE5pjfr3iEUg26J.XojVcgE6k.RkJl1MFJyuuHRhcpJcNhpOgMZoyzVkFRjjxpQBAG9zIBUb02_CsMX6QzlTwpFyP7CKHn4d9YG3ZFPCoNp.ToJrvw864fTl01GE.tge1qwm9zOE48sYehVD4ZHbDg.BuN23uKduSfMHZVYxzlXv0JmzX_YgsrkTk1uWcvg598ezn8gAtFlNtmWxohdiuwMtW03SP_4RgfRNEjYP2St.MK8jJHfuAzRiXqZ8yX6VPXfaFoYkfBY1tqU3ytn4ZZOpftAO8pXfTvVBSFDRKSkGbQ74d4hA5EAlfcwP64wtN2f1AW6FpsS3WfurMp73ilX0Q8ZJeFmUugUD2Hft2lUSbq7xV9Dhh7AJHp0rq2hBxjdaftZ2N7x5LGr2MDkSO8xiuqRwhq8UKGDYUQgjw_AKSvjt.FsznlO.eyX7FuoXfrA9Fjok8lRjoyU55u_UpsUlq5bxq07Fhcj8tllqhXgRvfbbuENUqERqekCcFTmDetsbfs3lwStKvBMdsEO4b4eqdRBEwzqUTOgqpGEaGYZYLD5li3LxtFa3gm0_.bbZwAZnidjdjUAnlQRcBLLEIIrwBIrausX9Jn_.sVyJHKGRp9KkkRxsnPxhnfcjO8ALCQ3_z6Duqj3gNksVi1rO4eLybAM25etciBu010504fJekZwFJDSeeIum6jG1fMyQOVLVGlkJFqRP2tWfic57ZbtSCsgvm40JhnTjgWyqnNkw61iRFXwqHTDgVAFZYM7KHlTkJj3mPIWR.jomFGMHFGclyRaxuw.cMJIloUdwtbl6ot_F1pbdfFR6fjD5PE7OpOQwQbrIvI2ZqS5eFsczXf5HRvbp8hnnXTgDBPWvmzKho15ts_ye6RPIwiSid4KJrMq6qjqIr_sQWMUNKUFU_0bbzfCht0nxRS_4RCX9zPEbGLcBUgsou98c6GiZSGztQVTM0q_RL_z8Wc5aTLvH2x.KuPSlCWAO6q9ytnO5S2_P4CWhURk0z5tOc9w4mw9e.6ErpknPr2Iu05FpC_sTwMMw4_g1CoyQaGW_aZk.CiWiuf.pkXrxLyJlarLxQgGm69LTnEMZLKWSikjI2jKRUhN6m9LfHBjuTg28cnVYSz4tKuBoR1XbwywJZsft.YUiicWS0S8Q0IZlMyjHYiNVe5b2u28CJ2hotaiZvXdhyW1QbhMssR2b3nDBYAM0npPYHJX5pvtDAi_bUo9Kb_m6pE8BxYDMYUpdGJGgHlaG0R07XS732UTK3SD.RfHavk_vruUhT6OkvBC5JRrSy_ypPgOA.D9XcX1QGybKrOHOudpWVR3upvoVmTeBKAHnujT655YJkLRkLLbPveXOTpPCHRQ3nlYglrkw_4sPq6KdB_gP0kkMXzxouKVJG96EZ2GMdlO9CxJE8vjAkRoKAEMxuUMWz9QlJlb4YueXGDLrXYUbqXS8T9XxKRaATmUtdt1m1BXpMS6iI2mQz0ARydBRU4qSzn_YRxM45hpE5yDKwJhqeYx.BEPZadV1qFL.L8QguoqkL01EuFSW7LnfeaNzFN4UAwSPVR4lB4CsQR0AyVAsyQ2B35U5PqyYxCVW36t7RHm6ldvmqCQVbV9",mdrd: "R3RI1ceb0i3abuGBaclm2p07PHHKCTTgIBK9Bf_eiXc-1739821502-1.2.1.1-iVyPK3lI9PzCjds38IjlPaZE_tVrIKWWY8m_VOXEn8YAsV8t1cEvmJ_x_w1BAMUvRBpAjlv05WCPzdKV0spnGCCsGJtPzCz3QXNHD_TsBMfZ_lZ9ClKIokZSk4pAjZnxj_qiBwbij32gk_r5XGetNaiCj_6X0m1gT5Rzum948otdWNleZgUPjkD7IN4806phk0yoslgXlv5L3coa9UXNizt2wiqKQXWacCObEuqq._lq.UlSn_rYsAF4xMeI3ivlskamGPEKQTVU1ptpie9ZhygTftWIzhlopRt55MK7HQKJY0vsF0J5U6pBDllFdnAT_0GwrnINAu97wg5036fOwRxrKjw4QKABYt2gk.ACpif_3SRE2Qw92pqN8YRIB8O4aGJQpyp3lwVOgX4Wp6ZenU2VHXo61ojjZYX2evNPVUv4R6NGJVenSHYGtfvlPxdBmPbLGTffQLM5LY3kw4KuFCyNVILyAn_xfcA6shFkdMQds8I0aZ5WAne_ovRX4gD0OJiALXE4Xm5eKpw7.Agfl1r_35yefDD6mDMTSdCnWKk52jC1q2VP34TxwjNmLa8S9UBTscX.KYtSfJoBh0iI3GQxugwRd96Ib4l1mXF2tw6FE4mvHq0dB7VoX_iBxPVQzyOEX1oaUKNTy2JXx60h1q.BApW.z6AquDgyxCOG8BaqceyMwYSfs_6CmqgYrutN0ua86be9G6V5AgufRTZ_FQE_20lBMMpllJQBDVvSlsMdYYzsDKhQ.V1g3uII.NHZzgEKvRuowHjtpbyHreVcptzNC1ZW8nKlSXZBdxlnDLpEtZyK1tHl0AgqSoX55uAOqGrKcSQ7K77WZMZGo.L8AwJ094KmID_5.ROfFb1E9TjSosclvi9HafKPXBAcHmdnuSrvuu_dI9dlRPZkAEk4JbUxu4HKlYZ6MK00zaHyDxfcroTF0Bgp3mfWbDlogO5YQMCZKMcUWI.ENUlhD85RxS1CIeDJ9Bc_k_5n0aYtMK_v8mDb3aeY0fDj.gwFDDLqFXEyqgblnXEJA7G8g8g27TCWCwy.xZ2bzgPUcFlaiROMl5JpIz6LOhQgZiz0ghuBbQ474bf5yzP6K.8uBRjqNXhwhIDU10FHdY8gyzpf6Uf9A2PGQnalQvthJyoNW1sQ89pgSzURYKkKVAKrEDux1mOEeG83m7VKJ3JgNaKQDg5E7r06LTpGU3QZGEryZqz.RUjzm1KKIrVWKDI6samCwCuVlkOhMZ6le9KCS70BnNm_A6Xni04.WDxFOlMSAoFVLOaCaQNHbeI6xy4cP7RMwIpCxyyMMg7pXrt4od64Y_34Kyq_QNJnANrzUyCBURxwlwu.J_nmaCV.nKSm4nk8lNpUwIRndGxqCh5fEijWvWxshLYWLOSUMJxSdPW7SYQQTEZROhjokOVDXf4VjDrpRgFGYTM6NhCkYwWwnW21hUIMqm52VCukJG83LWC6Zv03GlZK24syzQLFjj9K.SvajtwakH02UcDmi3lvxvnuuL8TR7h8gdngXeZtd3tm9X.Q2kOQGAvPTFQj8wFXV4skoP190a5Sep.hXmRs8k_5whqyvy.AX.UuLXKnalSllNKydvz5jC26nRrtiCT26oYQg_QFyVJo6gg9UNkZfv9CYPnWRR8LAaYnWoJse4agmhBYZ_M_QEEQnpJ7gUAY_6KWZ0A6.1SOKV_4JD2Ngu1chqLcF.OmVCSEsnVr7Zc_7hj8DkWzvRhH5klKlKYBz3tsZ5vWml3j2T1g1nDQz._rO.BWDFa.VOHBvftD8rXBuibHoLPeJmTLwqurpZc6gm2V1Y2_cckv7No_9QhEL6AuftrGpo.bdfU.aAVnRlVwlGRaLx.3kndz90lBuh6ZTFOuivVJIxM6e6GacHqDopu5IR5gmV7st9zQjdDf.jsUBeuqO4SFaAEoV8Ro.39HqLrYctV3dbBkMy3DSL3iE0D3iqSzbfgBBoudVIbHLjriqZEs1sAxdDTjChyaXgj2Ne4axw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91384684084440ce';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00275514.1971.12019185?__cf_chl_rt_tk=mHuE3jETDflGKy1VHtthlyhsdEMdKOjimmRSU5BBJo0-1739821502-1.0.1.1-mjkXqGeA.kNtmKvmO3tQOMqeIF0ag7lBDWD1ufc5nxA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>