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rate</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: migration rate"> <meta name="keywords" content="migration rate"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="migration rate"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8909</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: migration rate</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8909</span> Investigating the Rate of Migration of Plasticizers from PET Bottles into Salad Oil during Storage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simin%20Asadollahi">Simin Asadollahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20H.%20Soruri"> Amir H. Soruri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Moghimi"> Ali Moghimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, salad oils are used in many countries around the world. Therefore, it is of great importance to ensure the safety of these food products which are usually packaged in Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and come on the market. This study investigated the effects of storage time and temperature on the migration rate of phthalate compounds from PET bottle to salad oil. In more detail, migration rate of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from bottles to salad oil samples was measured in 1st, the 30th, and the 60th days of storage at a temperature of either 20 or 40 °C. At both storage temperatures, an increase in the storage time led to a statistically significant increase in the migration rate of phthalate compounds (p<.01). Regarding this, the highest migration rate occurred after 60 days of storage in to the samples. Furthermore, it was revealed bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate had a higher migration rate at 40 °C than at 20 °C which showed that an increase in the storage temperature would lead to an increase in the migration rate. The highest migration rate occurred in relation to salad oil stored at 40 °C and after 60 days of storage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salad%20oil" title="salad oil">salad oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate" title=" migration rate"> migration rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene%20terephthalate" title=" polyethylene terephthalate"> polyethylene terephthalate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bis%20%282-ethylhexyl%29%20phthalate" title=" bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate"> bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34909/investigating-the-rate-of-migration-of-plasticizers-from-pet-bottles-into-salad-oil-during-storage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8908</span> Migration in Times of Uncertainty</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harman%20Jaggi">Harman Jaggi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Steinsaltz"> David Steinsaltz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shripad%20Tuljapurkar"> Shripad Tuljapurkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the effect of fluctuations on populations is crucial in the context of increasing habitat fragmentation, climate change, and biological invasions, among others. Migration in response to environmental disturbances enables populations to escape unfavorable conditions, benefit from new environments and thereby ride out fluctuations in variable environments. Would populations disperse if there is no uncertainty? Karlin showed in 1982 that when sub-populations experience distinct but fixed growth rates at different sites, greater mixing of populations will lower the overall growth rate relative to the most favorable site. Here we ask if and when environmental variability favors migration over no-migration. Specifically, in random environments, would a small amount of migration increase the overall long-run growth rate relative to the zero migration case? We use analysis and simulations to show how long-run growth rate changes with migration rate. Our results show that when fitness (dis)advantages fluctuate over time across sites, migration may allow populations to benefit from variability. When there is one best site with highest growth rate, the effect of migration on long-run growth rate depends on the difference in expected growth between sites, scaled by the variance of the difference. When variance is large, there is a substantial probability of an inferior site experiencing higher growth rate than its average. Thus, a high variance can compensate for a difference in average growth rates between sites. Positive correlations in growth rates across sites favor less migration. With multiple sites and large fluctuations, the length of shortest cycle (excursion) from the best site (on average) matters, and we explore the interplay between excursion length, average differences between sites and the size of fluctuations. Our findings have implications for conservation biology: even when there are superior sites in a sea of poor habitats, variability and habitat quality across space may be key to determining the importance of migration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable-environments" title=" variable-environments"> variable-environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random" title=" random"> random</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersal" title=" dispersal"> dispersal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluctuations" title=" fluctuations"> fluctuations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=habitat-quality" title=" habitat-quality"> habitat-quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158611/migration-in-times-of-uncertainty" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8907</span> Patterns, Determinants, and Implications of Rural-Urban Migration in the Garhwal Himalaya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saurav%20Kumar">Saurav Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rural-urban migration is the most commonly adopted strategy in rural areas to overcome the risk associated with the subsistence economy and diversify income. The Garhwal Himalaya has the highest rate of rural-urban migration in India, which has serious repercussions. Despite this, there is a dearth of literature on the implications of rural-urban migration in the Garhwal Himalaya. This paper attempts to fill this void. The objectives of the paper are to look into various types, patterns, determinants, and implications of rural-urban migration in the Garhwal Himalaya. In order to meet the objectives, 15 villages were selected from five districts of the Garhwal Himalaya. In every district, three villages were chosen from different altitudes, including five from river valleys, five from mid-altitudes, and five from highlands. The villages range in altitude from 550m to 2660m. A total of 658 households were surveyed from the villages, covering 100% samples from each village. Using a structured questionnaire, the author asked the heads of each household about the types of rural-urban migration they practiced, the year of first migration, destinations of migration, and reasons for migration. Further, migrants’ age, sex, caste, marital status, educational background, income, occupation, and remittances sent by migrants were also inquired about. The study reveals that rural-urban migration is a serious problem in Garhwal Himalayas, posing various socio-economic issues. Without immediate action, it will have serious consequences. Finally, this study suggests some policy measures to minimize the current rate of rural-urban migration in the Garhwal Himalaya. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural-urban%20migration" title="rural-urban migration">rural-urban migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garhwal%20Himalaya" title=" Garhwal Himalaya"> Garhwal Himalaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patterns" title=" patterns"> patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title=" determinants"> determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implications" title=" implications"> implications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154891/patterns-determinants-and-implications-of-rural-urban-migration-in-the-garhwal-himalaya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8906</span> Problems of Youth Employment in Agricultural Sector of Georgia and Causes of Migration </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kharaishvili">E. Kharaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Chavleishvili"> M. Chavleishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Lobzhanidze"> M. Lobzhanidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Damenia"> N. Damenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Sagareishvili"> N. Sagareishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article substantiates that youth employment in Georgia, especially in the agricultural sector, is an acute socio-economic problem. The paper analyzes the indicators of youth employment and unemployment rates by age and gender in the agriculture sector. Research revealed that over the past decade, the unemployment rate in rural areas has decreased; however, the problem of unemployment is more sensitive than in the city in this field. The article established youth unemployment rates in rural areas; it assesses labor and educational migration causes. Based on the survey, there are proposed findings and recommendations of the agricultural sector about improving youth employment, reducing unemployment rate, reaching migration processes optimization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20employment" title="youth employment">youth employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20agricultural%20sector" title=" the agricultural sector"> the agricultural sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unemployment%20rate" title=" unemployment rate"> unemployment rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20migration" title=" youth migration"> youth migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20education" title=" agricultural education"> agricultural education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71814/problems-of-youth-employment-in-agricultural-sector-of-georgia-and-causes-of-migration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8905</span> Review of the World Migration Report 2020, with a Focus on Migration Due to Climate Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sincy%20Wilson">Sincy Wilson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article focuses on the data scattered throughout the 2020 Report on migration for a variety of reasons. Despite the fact that climate migrants are no longer recognized on an international or national level, their situation remains unchanged, and many countries have already encountered the problem of people entering their country without permission. With the information presented in the paper, researchers are focusing on climate-induced displacement rather than conflict-related migration. The author finishes by stating that there is no time to waste in recognizing climate migrants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20refugees" title="climate refugees">climate refugees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climatological%20factors" title=" climatological factors"> climatological factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slow-onset%20migration" title=" slow-onset migration"> slow-onset migration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139956/review-of-the-world-migration-report-2020-with-a-focus-on-migration-due-to-climate-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8904</span> Study and Analysis of a Susceptible Infective Susceptible Mathematical Model with Density Dependent Migration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Singh">Jitendra Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivek%20Kumar"> Vivek Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a susceptible infective susceptible mathematical model is proposed and analyzed where the migration of human population is given by migration function. It is assumed that the disease is transmitted by direct contact of susceptible and infective populations with constant contact rate. The equilibria and their stability are studied by using the stability theory of ordinary differential equations and computer simulation. The model analysis shows that the spread of infectious disease increases when human population immigration increases in the habitat but it decreases if emigration increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SIS%20%28Susceptible%20Infective%20Susceptible%29%20model" title="SIS (Susceptible Infective Susceptible) model">SIS (Susceptible Infective Susceptible) model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20function" title=" migration function"> migration function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=susceptible" title=" susceptible"> susceptible</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77503/study-and-analysis-of-a-susceptible-infective-susceptible-mathematical-model-with-density-dependent-migration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8903</span> The Strategy of the International Organization for Migration in Dealing with the Phenomenon of Migration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djehich%20Mohamed%20Yousri">Djehich Mohamed Yousri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, migration has become a phenomenon that attracts the attention of researchers, countries, agencies, and national and international bodies. Wars and climate change, demographics, poverty, natural disasters, and epidemics are all threats that are contributing daily to forcing more people to migrate. There are those who resort to emigration because of the deteriorating political conditions in their country, others resort to emigration to improve their financial situation, and others emigrate from their country for fear of some penalties and judgments issued against them. In the field of migration, becoming a member of the United Nations as a "relevant organization" gives the United Nations a clear mandate on migration. Its primary goal is to facilitate the management of international migration in an orderly and humane manner. In order to achieve this goal, the organization adopts an international policy to meet the challenges posed in the field of migration. This paper attempts to study the structure of this international organization and its strategy in dealing with the phenomenon of international migration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20organization%20for%20migration" title="international organization for migration">international organization for migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigrants" title=" immigrants"> immigrants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigrant%20rights" title=" immigrant rights"> immigrant rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resettlement" title=" resettlement"> resettlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20organization%20strategy" title=" migration organization strategy"> migration organization strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161931/the-strategy-of-the-international-organization-for-migration-in-dealing-with-the-phenomenon-of-migration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8902</span> The Methodology of Out-Migration in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shorena%20Tsiklauri">Shorena Tsiklauri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Out-migration is an important issue for Georgia as well as since independence has loosed due to emigration one fifth of its population. During Soviet time out-migration from USSR was almost impossible and one of the most important instruments in regulating population movement within the Soviet Union was the system of compulsory residential registrations, so-called “propiska”. Since independent here was not any regulation for migration from Georgia. The majorities of Georgian migrants go abroad by tourist visa and then overstay, becoming the irregular labor migrants. The official statistics on migration published for this period was based on the administrative system of population registration, were insignificant in terms of numbers and did not represent the real scope of these migration movements. This paper discusses the data quality and methodology of migration statistics in Georgia and we are going to answer the questions: what is the real reason of increasing immigration flows according to the official numbers since 2000s? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20quality" title="data quality">data quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgia" title=" Georgia"> Georgia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methodology" title=" methodology"> methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26911/the-methodology-of-out-migration-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8901</span> The Socio-Economic Consequences of Educational Migration for Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eteri%20Kharaishvili">Eteri Kharaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marina%20%20Chavleishvili"> Marina Chavleishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manana%20Lobzhanidze"> Manana Lobzhanidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nino%20Grigolia"> Nino Grigolia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article analyzes Georgia's involvement in global migration processes, assessing migration research and policy regulatory documents. The socio-economic situation of young people has been studied in the paper, their employment and unemployment levels are analyzed, reasons for migration of youth are revealed, the impact of migration on the socio-economic development of the country is substantiated. Youth demand on education is also assessed, problems in the education sector are identified, educational migration indicators are analyzed according to the internationalization process of this sector. Based on the analysis of the motivations of young people in Georgia, orientation of values and the aspects conditioning life strategies the factors affecting educational migration are determined and the results of the positive and negative impact of educational migration on the socio-economic development of the country are substantiated. The importance of efficient management of educational migration for Georgia in getting closer to the EU and achieving inclusive economic grow this substantiated. Recommendations for efficient management of the process of Georgian citizens’ learning and acquiring experience, as well as the internationalization of education sector and educational migration, are drawn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20migration" title="educational migration">educational migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20management" title=" migration management"> migration management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20of%20youth" title=" migration of youth"> migration of youth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-economic%20results%20of%20educational%20migration" title=" socio-economic results of educational migration"> socio-economic results of educational migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20employment" title=" youth employment"> youth employment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94606/the-socio-economic-consequences-of-educational-migration-for-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8900</span> The Return Migration as One of the Possibilities of Migrant Mobility after the Financial Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Mortet">Sabrina Mortet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The economic crisis, which struck the world economy in mid-2008, had an impact on migration in Europe, especially the employment situation of migrant workers. That’s why migrants tended to be the first to lose their jobs during the crisis, victims of the rule "last–in, first-out”. In the same context, the economic recession which affected the migration flows, immigration level has slowed while emigration has increased in some European countries. Since people go where jobs are, we will try to speak about the mobility of migrants after the crisis by focusing on return migration to see if migrants in the period of recession prefer going home or staying in the host country; and we will take Spain as a case of study, because it had attracted an extraordinarily high inflows of migration and it is one of the EU country which was hardly affected by the financial crisis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20crisis" title="economic crisis">economic crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20migration" title=" international migration"> international migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title=" mobility"> mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=return%20migration" title=" return migration"> return migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employement" title=" employement"> employement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48688/the-return-migration-as-one-of-the-possibilities-of-migrant-mobility-after-the-financial-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8899</span> Socio-Demographic, Cause, and Benefit of Internal and International Migration: A Case Study of Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh Province, Afghanistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baqir%20Khawari">Baqir Khawari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Migration has a long history in Afghanistan even before, but it has been exacerbated in the last decade. Using actual household data of 1060 in Mazar-i-Sharif, the capital of Balkh province, obtained from a strictly random process, the study examined to evaluate the main causes and benefits of the migration. It is found that the main reasons for internal migration are unemployment and income inequality, in addition to war and poverty as international parameters for migration. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that households receive benefits from their migrants through remittances to increase their income and smooth consumption. Thus, the study suggests that to manage migration in Afghanistan, the government and international organizations should work together for peace and reduction of poverty in Afghanistan otherwise, the crisis of migration will continue in the future as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remittances" title=" remittances"> remittances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-demographic" title=" socio-demographic"> socio-demographic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household" title=" household"> household</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan" title=" Afghanistan"> Afghanistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177081/socio-demographic-cause-and-benefit-of-internal-and-international-migration-a-case-study-of-mazar-i-sharif-balkh-province-afghanistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8898</span> Circular Labour Migration and Its Consequences in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manana%20Lobzhanidze">Manana Lobzhanidze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The paper will argue that labor migration is the most important problem Georgia faces today. The structure of labor migration by age and gender of Georgia is analyzed. The main driving factors of circular labor migration during the last ten years are identified. While studying migration, it is necessary to discuss the interconnection of economic, social, and demographic features, also taking into consideration the policy of state regulations in terms of education and professional training. Methodology: Different research methods are applied in the presented paper: statistical, such as selection, grouping, observation, trend, and qualitative research methods, namely; analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison ones. Main Findings: Labour migrants are filling the labor market as a low salary worker. The main positive feedback of migration from developing countries is poverty eradication, but this process is accompanied by problems, such as 'Brain Drain'. The country loses an important part of its intellectual potential, and it is invested by households or state itself. Conclusions: Labor migration is characterized to be temporary, but socio-economic problems of the country often push the labor migration in the direction of longterm and illegal migration. Countries with developed economies try to stricter migration policy and fight illegal migration with different methods; circular migration helps solve this problem. Conclusions and recommendations are included about circular labor migration consequences in Georgia and its influence on the reduction of unemployment level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20labor%20migration" title=" circular labor migration"> circular labor migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20migration%20employment" title=" labor migration employment"> labor migration employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unemployment" title=" unemployment"> unemployment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124359/circular-labour-migration-and-its-consequences-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8897</span> A Dirty Page Migration Method in Process of Memory Migration Based on Pre-copy Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang%20Zijian">Kang Zijian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Tingyu"> Zhang Tingyu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burra%20Venkata%20Durga%20Kumar"> Burra Venkata Durga Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article investigates the challenges in memory migration during the live migration of virtual machines. We found three challenges probably existing in pre-copy technology. One of the main challenges is the challenge of downtime migration. Decrease the downtime could promise the normal work for a virtual machine. Although pre-copy technology is greatly decreasing the downtime, we still need to shut down the machine in order to finish the last round of data transfer. This paper provides an optimization scheme for the problems existing in pro-copy technology, mainly the optimization of the dirty page migration mechanism. The typical pre-copy technology copy n-1th’s dirty pages in nth turn. However, our idea is to create a double iteration method to solve this problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20machine" title="virtual machine">virtual machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-copy%20technology" title=" pre-copy technology"> pre-copy technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory%20migration%20process" title=" memory migration process"> memory migration process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downtime" title=" downtime"> downtime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dirty%20pages%20migration%20method" title=" dirty pages migration method"> dirty pages migration method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169033/a-dirty-page-migration-method-in-process-of-memory-migration-based-on-pre-copy-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8896</span> Anthropogenic Impact on Migration Process of River Yamuna in Delhi-NCR Using Geospatial Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Asim">Mohd Asim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Nageswara%20Rao"> K. Nageswara Rao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work was carried out on River Yamuna passing through Delhi- National Capital Region (Delhi-NCR) of India for a stretch of about 130 km to assess the anthropogenic impact on the channel migration process for a period of 200 years with the help of satellite data and topographical maps with integration of geographic information system environment. Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) application was used to quantify river channel migration in ArcGIS environment. The average river channel migration was calculated to be 22.8 m/year for the entire study area. River channel migration was found to be moving in westward and eastward direction. Westward migration is more than 4 km maximum in length and eastward migration is about 4.19 km. The river has migrated a total of 32.26 sq. km of area. The results reveal that the river is being impacted by various human activities. The impact indicators include engineering structures, sand mining, embankments, urbanization, land use/land cover, canal network. The DSAS application was also used to predict the position of river channel in future for 2032 and 2042 by analyzing the past and present rate and direction of movement. The length of channel in 2032 and 2042 will be 132.5 and 141.6 km respectively. The channel will migrate maximum after crossing Okhla Barrage near Faridabad for about 3.84 sq. km from 2022 to 2042 from west to east. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20migration" title="river migration">river migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20Yamuna" title=" river Yamuna"> river Yamuna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic%20impacts" title=" anthropogenic impacts"> anthropogenic impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSAS" title=" DSAS"> DSAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delhi-NCR" title=" Delhi-NCR"> Delhi-NCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150261/anthropogenic-impact-on-migration-process-of-river-yamuna-in-delhi-ncr-using-geospatial-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8895</span> Labour Migration in Russia in the Context of Russia’s National Security Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Dolzhikova">A. V. Dolzhikova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article deals with the problems of labour migration in the Russian Federation in the context of Russia's national security, provides the typology of migrants residing in the territory of the Russian Federation and analyzes the risk factors. The author considers the structure of migration flows and the terms of legal, economic and socio-cultural adaptation of migrants in the Russian Federation. In this connection, the status of the Russian migration legislation, the concept of the comprehensive exam in Russian as a foreign language, history of Russia and the basics of the Russian Federation legislation for foreign citizens which was introduced in Russia on January 1, 2015, are analyzed. The article discloses its role as the adaptation strategy and the factor of Russia's migration security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20exam" title="comprehensive exam">comprehensive exam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20policy" title=" migration policy"> migration policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20legislation" title=" migration legislation"> migration legislation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russia%27s%20national%20security" title=" Russia's national security"> Russia's national security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49836/labour-migration-in-russia-in-the-context-of-russias-national-security-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8894</span> DAG Design and Tradeoff for Full Live Virtual Machine Migration over XIA Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalu%20Zhang">Dalu Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiang%20Jin"> Xiang Jin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dejiang%20Zhou"> Dejiang Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianpeng%20Wang"> Jianpeng Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haiying%20Jiang"> Haiying Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traditional TCP/IP network is showing lots of shortages and research for future networks is becoming a hotspot. FIA (Future Internet Architecture) and FIA-NP (Next Phase) are supported by US NSF for future Internet designing. Moreover, virtual machine migration is a significant technique in cloud computing. As a network application, it should also be supported in XIA (expressive Internet Architecture), which is in both FIA and FIA-NP projects. This paper is an experimental study aims at verifying the feasibility of VM migration over XIA. We present three ways to maintain VM connectivity and communication states concerning DAG design and routing table modification. VM migration experiments are conducted intra-AD and inter-AD with KVM instances. The procedure is achieved by a migration control protocol which is suitable for the characters of XIA. Evaluation results show that our solutions can well supports full live VM migration over XIA network respectively, keeping services seamless. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DAG" title="DAG">DAG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downtime" title=" downtime"> downtime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20machine%20migration" title=" virtual machine migration"> virtual machine migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XIA" title=" XIA"> XIA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13535/dag-design-and-tradeoff-for-full-live-virtual-machine-migration-over-xia-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">855</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8893</span> Sri Lanka-Middle East Labour Migration Corridor: Trends, Patterns and Structural Changes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesha%20Siriwardhane">Dinesha Siriwardhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indralal%20De%20Silva"> Indralal De Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sampath%20Amaratunge"> Sampath Amaratunge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective of this study is to explore the recent trends, patterns and the structural changes in the labour migration from Sri Lanka to Middle East countries and to discuss the possible impacts of those changes on the remittance flow. Study uses secondary data published by Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment and Central Bank. Thematic analysis of the secondary data revealed that the migration for labour has increased rapidly during past decades. Parallel with that the gender and the skill composition of the migration flow has been changing. Similarly, the destinations for male migration have changed over the period. These show positive implications on the international remittance receipts to the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20east" title=" middle east"> middle east</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sciences" title=" social sciences"> social sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20557/sri-lanka-middle-east-labour-migration-corridor-trends-patterns-and-structural-changes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8892</span> An Experimental Study of the Influence of Flow Rate on Formation Damage at Different pH</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khabat%20M.%20Ahmad">Khabat M. Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This experiment focuses on the reduction of permeability (formation damage) as a result of fines migration by changing pH and flow rate on core plugs selected from sandstone reservoir of Pannonian basin (Upper Miocene, East Hungary). The main objective of coreflooding experiments was to investigate the influence of both high and low pH fluids and the flow rate on stability of clay minerals. The selected core samples were examined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) for bulk mineralogical and clay mineral composition. The shape, position, distribution and type of clay minerals within the core samples were diagnosed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM- EDS). The basic petrophysical properties such as porosity and initial permeability were determined prior to experiments. The special core analysis (influence of pH and flow rate) on permeability reduction was examined through a series of laboratory coreflooding experiments, testing for acidic (3) and alkaline (11) solutions at different flow rates (50, 100 and 200 ml/h). Permeability in continuously reduced for pH 11 to more than 50 % of initial permeability. However, at pH 3 after a slow decrease, a significant increase is observed, to more than 40 % of initial permeability. The variation is also influenced by flow rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20rate" title="flow rate">flow rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability" title=" permeability"> permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20migration" title=" fine migration"> fine migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formation%20damage" title=" formation damage"> formation damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XRD" title=" XRD"> XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM-%20EDS" title=" SEM- EDS"> SEM- EDS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177356/an-experimental-study-of-the-influence-of-flow-rate-on-formation-damage-at-different-ph" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8891</span> Effect of Migrant Influx toward Betterment of Aging and Low Fertility Rate: Statistical Analyses in Japan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sari%20K.%20Ishii">Sari K. Ishii</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study considers a wider viewpoint to connect migration studies with questions about financial capitalism, which seeks cheap, disposable labour transnationally. This study offers insight into whether the current state of immigration acceptance contributes to stabilizing the aging society of the nation in the long term or merely fulfills the ephemeral requirements of industries. The analyses in this study focused on three aspects. First, it examined how many migrants in Japan joined the labour market. Second, it analyzed the number of migrants that are aging. Third, it determined the number of dependent migrants accepted through labour migrants. The study findings raise further questions for future empirical studies to verify the schema of financial capitalism through the lens of migration. The scheme of seeking cheap, disposable labour transnationally may result in the descendants of both locals and mobilized labour becoming more unstable than the prior generations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20society" title=" aging society"> aging society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20fertility%20rate" title=" low fertility rate"> low fertility rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japan" title=" Japan"> Japan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187537/effect-of-migrant-influx-toward-betterment-of-aging-and-low-fertility-rate-statistical-analyses-in-japan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8890</span> Migration as a Climate Change Adaptation Strategy: A Conceptual Equation for Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisha%20Kyirem">Elisha Kyirem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Undoubtedly, climate change is a major global challenge that could threaten the very foundation upon which life on earth is anchored, with its impacts on human mobility attracting the attention of policy makers and researchers. There is an increasing body of literature and case studies suggesting that migration could be a way through which the vulnerable move away from areas exposed to climate extreme events to improve their lives and that of their families. This presents migration as a way through which people voluntarily move to seek opportunities that could help reduce their exposure and avoid danger from climate events. Thus, migration is seen as a proactive adaptation strategy aimed at building resilience and improving livelihoods to enable people to adapt to future changing events. However, there has not been any mathematical equation linking migration and climate change adaptation. Drawing from literature in development studies, this paper develops an equation that seeks to link the relationship between migration and climate change adaptation. The mathematical equation establishes the linkages between migration, resilience, poverty reduction and vulnerability, and these the paper maintains, are the key variables for conceptualizing the migration-climate change adaptation nexus. The paper then tests the validity of the equation using the sustainable livelihood framework and publicly available data on migration and tourism in Ghana. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation" title=" adaptation"> adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation" title=" adaptation"> adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty%20reduction" title=" poverty reduction"> poverty reduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78131/migration-as-a-climate-change-adaptation-strategy-a-conceptual-equation-for-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78131.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8889</span> Internal Migration and Poverty Dynamic Analysis Using a Bayesian Approach: The Tunisian Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Jmaii">Amal Jmaii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damien%20Rousseliere"> Damien Rousseliere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Besma%20Belhadj"> Besma Belhadj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We explore the relationship between internal migration and poverty in Tunisia. We present a methodology combining potential outcomes approach with multiple imputation to highlight the effect of internal migration on poverty states. We find that probability of being poor decreases when leaving the poorest regions (the west areas) to the richer regions (greater Tunis and the east regions). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20migration" title="internal migration">internal migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential%20outcomes%20approach" title=" potential outcomes approach"> potential outcomes approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty%20dynamics" title=" poverty dynamics"> poverty dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisia" title=" Tunisia"> Tunisia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51041/internal-migration-and-poverty-dynamic-analysis-using-a-bayesian-approach-the-tunisian-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8888</span> Geographic Aspects of Egyptian Illegal Migration to Europe </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ahmed%20Aly%20Hassanien">Mohamed Ahmed Aly Hassanien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the geographic aspects of Egyptian illegal migration to Europe. It used files of Egyptian government bodies and data obtained from a field study carried out in 2015 on the areas of origin. The study revealed that the phenomenon has passed historically through four phases. Areas of origin are classified geographically into three areas: coastal, river, and interior. The study developed a map for routes of migration which identified the main and secondary routes. The main routes included the Libyan, the Mediterranean and the Arab-Turkish routes. Recently, The Mediterranean route has been the largest and the most dangerous. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=areas%20of%20destination" title="areas of destination">areas of destination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=areas%20of%20origin" title=" areas of origin"> areas of origin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illegal%20migration" title=" illegal migration"> illegal migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routes%20of%20migration" title=" routes of migration"> routes of migration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42595/geographic-aspects-of-egyptian-illegal-migration-to-europe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8887</span> Security Practices of the European Union on Migration: An Analysis of the Frontex Within the Framework of Biopolitics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gizem%20Ert%C3%BCrk">Gizem Ertürk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nursena%20Din%C3%A7"> Nursena Dinç</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Aegean area has always been an important transit point for migration; however, the establishment of the European Union gave further impetus to the migration phenomenon and increased the significance of the area within this context. The migration waves have been more visible in the area in recent decades, and particularly after the “2015 Migration Crisis,” this issue has been subject to further securitization in the EU. In this conjuncture, the Frontex, which is an agency set up by the EU in 2005 for the purpose of managing and coordinating the border control efforts, has become more functional in the relevant area, but at the same time, have some questionable actions within the context of human rights. This paper problematizes the rationality behind the existence and practices of such a structure and attempts to make a political and legal analysis of the security practices of the European Union against migration within a framework based on the biopolitics approaches of Michel Foucault and Giorgio Agamben. The dataset of this paper, which focuses on the agency in question by taking it as a case, is formed by making use of the existing literature on the EU’s security policies, the relevant official texts of the Union and Frontex reports on migration practices in and around the Aegean Sea. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopolitics" title=" biopolitics"> biopolitics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frontex" title=" Frontex"> Frontex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20union" title=" European union"> European union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=securitization" title=" securitization"> securitization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148698/security-practices-of-the-european-union-on-migration-an-analysis-of-the-frontex-within-the-framework-of-biopolitics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8886</span> Migration and Displacement: A Study on the Impact of Bangladeshi and Nepali Migration to North-Eastern India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Mahan%20Borah">Sri Mahan Borah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The issue of migration and displacement is considered so sensitive that states have often linked it with their sovereignty, independence and even existence. Therefor, even in the era of globalisation no nation-state is ready to compromise with its territorial boundaries. The problem of migration and displacement has generated a range of socio-political, economic, ethnic, and communal tensions in India in general and northeastern States in particular. In such situation it becomes unpreventable to look over the issue so that a viable elucidation may emerge. The present paper is an attempt to understand the impact of Bangladeshi and Nepali migration to North-Eastern states of India through historical and analytical methods. In this course it will look into the emergence of the migration and displacement problem, its causes, impacts on security and other issues of national interest especially when the migration is illegal and poses multi-layered challenges to the Indian state. The nature of migration from these countries to India has been dissimilar. This is because of their different historical backgrounds, geographical variants, ethno-religious affinities, political systems and bilateral arrangements with India. It concludes inter alia that, India’s borders with Bangladesh and Nepal must be regulated and that resident migrants need to be strategically dealt with, keeping in mind age-old relationships with these countries and, more importantly, the nature and construct of our geography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=displacement" title=" displacement"> displacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=North-East" title=" North-East"> North-East</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9929/migration-and-displacement-a-study-on-the-impact-of-bangladeshi-and-nepali-migration-to-north-eastern-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9929.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8885</span> Household Level Determinants of Rural-Urban Migration in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamima%20Akhter">Shamima Akhter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siegfried%20Bauer"> Siegfried Bauer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to analyze the migration process of the rural population of Bangladesh. Heckman Probit model with sample selection was applied in this paper to explore the determinants of migration and intensity of migration at farm household level. The farm survey was conducted in the central part of Bangladesh on 160 farm households with migrant and on 154 farm households without migrant including a total of 316 farm households. The results from the applied model revealed that main determinants of migration at farm household level are household age, economically active males and females, number of young and old dependent members in the household and agricultural land holding. On the other hand, the main determinants of intensity of migration are availability of economically adult male in the household, number of young dependents and agricultural land holding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title="determinants">determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heckman%20Probit%20model" title=" Heckman Probit model"> Heckman Probit model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural-urban" title=" rural-urban"> rural-urban</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4211/household-level-determinants-of-rural-urban-migration-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8884</span> The Impact of the Atypical Crisis on Educational Migration: Economic and Policy Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manana%20Lobzhanidze">Manana Lobzhanidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marine%20Kobalava"> Marine Kobalava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lali%20Chikviladze"> Lali Chikviladze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The global pandemic crisis has had a significant impact on educational migration, substantially limiting young people’s access to education abroad. Therefore, it became necessary to study the economic, demographic, social, cultural and other factors associated with educational migration, to identify the economic and political challenges of educational migration and to develop recommendations. The aim of the research is to study the effects of the atypical crisis on educational migration and to make recommendations on effective migration opportunities based on the identification of economic and policy challenges in this area. Bibliographic research is used to assess the effects of the impact of the atypical crisis on educational migration presented in the papers of various scholars. Against the background of the restrictions imposed during the COVID19 pandemic, migration rates have been analyzed, endogenous and exogenous factors affecting educational migration have been identified. Quantitative and qualitative research of students and graduates of TSU Economics and Business Faculty is conducted, the results have been processed by SPSS program, the factors hindering educational migration and the challenges have been identified. The Internet and digital technologies have been shown to play a vital role in alleviating the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, however, lack of Internet access and limited financial resources have played a disruptive role in the educational migration process. The analysis of quantitative research materials revealed the problems of educational migration caused by the atypical crisis, while some issues were clarified during the focus group meetings. The following theoretical-methodological approaches were used during the research: a bibliographic research, analysis, synthesis, comparison, selection-grouping are used; Quantitative and qualitative research has been carried out, the results have been processed by SPSS program. The article presents the consequences of the atypical crisis for educational migration, identifies the main economic and policy challenges in the field of educational migration, and develops appropriate recommendations to overcome them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20migration" title="educational migration">educational migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atypical%20crisis" title=" atypical crisis"> atypical crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic-political%20challenges" title=" economic-political challenges"> economic-political challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20migration%20factors" title=" educational migration factors"> educational migration factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150534/the-impact-of-the-atypical-crisis-on-educational-migration-economic-and-policy-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8883</span> A Systematic Review in the Impacts of Skilled Parent Migration on Left-Behind Children: Gaps in the Existing Knowledge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassir%20Mohammed">Yassir Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examines the impact of skilled parental migration on left-behind children. It uses the SCOPUS database to evaluate the existing literature from 1972 to 2022 and synthesizes data using the PRISMA framework and bibliometric method of analysis. 49 articles out of 202 papers were involved in the synthesis. International migration, outcome migration, consequence, parental migration, high-skill and left-behind children, and left-behind preschool were all searched. The research found that mental health issues, self-isolation, and physical harm have negative impacts, while sending children to good schools, having good academic records, and better medical care have positive impacts. The study also found that gender gaps increase in some countries while decreasing in others. Further research is needed on child maltreatment, academic performance, subjective well-being, societal effects, behavioral difficulties, and quality of life. The study only included peer-reviewed English publications in the final analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20migration" title="parental migration">parental migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20of%20migration" title=" impact of migration"> impact of migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left-behind%20children" title=" left-behind children"> left-behind children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175848/a-systematic-review-in-the-impacts-of-skilled-parent-migration-on-left-behind-children-gaps-in-the-existing-knowledge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8882</span> Efficacy and Safety of Uventa Metallic Stent for Malignant and Benign Ureteral Obstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deok%20Hyun%20Han">Deok Hyun Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To explore outcomes of UventaTM metallic ureteral stent between malignant and benign ureteral obstruction. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 90 consecutive patients who underwent Uventa stent placement for benign or malignant ureteral obstruction from December 2009 to June 2013. We evaluated the clinical outcomes, complications, and reasons and results for unexpected stent removals. Results: The median follow-up was 10.7 (0.9 – 41) months. From a total of 125 ureter units, there were 24 units with benign obstructions and 101 units with malignant obstructions. Initial technical successes were achieved in all patients. The overall success rate was 70.8% with benign obstructions and 84.2% with malignant obstructions. The major reasons for treatment failure were stent migration (12.5%) in benign and tumor progression (11.9%) in malignant obstructions. The overall complication rate was similar between benign and malignant obstructions (58.3% and 42.6%), but severe complications, which are Clavien grade 3 or more, occurred in 41.7% of benign and 6.9% of malignant obstructions. The most common complications were stent migration (25.0%) in benign obstructions and persistent pain (14.9%) in malignant obstructions. The stent removal was done in 16 units; nine units that were removed by endoscopy and seven units were by open surgery. Conclusions: In malignant ureteral obstructions, the Uventa stent showed favorable outcomes with high success rate and acceptable complication rate. However, in benign ureteral obstructions, overall success rate and complication rate were less favorable. Malignant ureteral obstruction seems to be appropriate indication of Uventa stent placement. However, in chronic diffuse benign ureteral obstructions the decision of placement of Uventa stent has to be careful. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cause" title="cause">cause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication" title=" complication"> complication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ureteral%20obstruction" title=" ureteral obstruction"> ureteral obstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20stent" title=" metal stent"> metal stent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83821/efficacy-and-safety-of-uventa-metallic-stent-for-malignant-and-benign-ureteral-obstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8881</span> Kirchhoff’s Depth Migration over Heterogeneous Velocity Models with Ray Tracing Modeling Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alok%20Kumar%20Routa">Alok Kumar Routa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priya%20Ranjan%20Mohanty"> Priya Ranjan Mohanty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Complex seismic signatures are generated due to the complexity of the subsurface which is difficult to interpret. In the present study, an attempt has been made to model the complex subsurface using the Ray tracing modeling technique. Add to this, for the imaging of these geological features, Kirchhoff’s prestack depth migration is applied over the synthetic common shot gather dataset. It is found that the Kirchhoff’s migration technique in addition with the Ray tracing modeling concept has the flexibility towards the imaging of various complex geology which gives satisfactory results with proper delineation of the reflectors at their respective true depth position. The entire work has been carried out under the MATLAB environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirchhoff%27s%20migration" title="Kirchhoff's migration">Kirchhoff's migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prestack%20depth%20migration" title=" Prestack depth migration"> Prestack depth migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ray%20tracing%20modelling" title=" Ray tracing modelling"> Ray tracing modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20model" title=" velocity model"> velocity model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58720/kirchhoffs-depth-migration-over-heterogeneous-velocity-models-with-ray-tracing-modeling-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8880</span> On the Effect of Immigration on Destination: Country Corruption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugen%20Dimant">Eugen Dimant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20Krieger"> Tim Krieger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margarete%20Redlin"> Margarete Redlin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper analyzes the impact of migration on destination-country corruption levels. Capitalizing on a comprehensive dataset consisting of annual immigration stocks of OECD coun-tries from 207 countries of origin for the period 1984-2008, we explore different channels through which corruption might migrate. We employ different estimation methods using fixed effects and Tobit regressions in order to validate our findings. What is more, we also address the issue of endogeneity by using the Difference-Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator. Independent of the econometric methodology we consistently find that while general migration has an insignificant effect on the destination country’s corruption level, immigration from corruption-ridden origin countries boosts corruption in the destination country. Our findings provide a more profound understanding of the economic implications associated with migration flows. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20of%20migration" title=" impact of migration"> impact of migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination-country%20corruption" title=" destination-country corruption"> destination-country corruption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9955/on-the-effect-of-immigration-on-destination-country-corruption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=296">296</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=297">297</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20rate&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> 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