CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Forensic entomology</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Forensic entomology"> <meta name="keywords" content="Forensic entomology"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Forensic entomology" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Forensic entomology"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 303</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Forensic entomology</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">153</span> The Test of Memory Malingering and Offence Severity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenji%20Gwee">Kenji Gwee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Singapore, the death penalty remains in active use for murder and drug trafficking of controlled drugs such as heroin. As such, the psychological assessment of defendants can often be of high stakes. The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) is employed by government psychologists to determine the degree of effort invested by defendants, which in turn inform on the veracity of overall psychological findings that can invariably determine the life and death of defendants. The purpose of this study was to find out if defendants facing the death penalty were more likely to invest less effort during psychological assessment (to fake bad in hopes of escaping the death sentence) compared to defendants facing lesser penalties. An archival search of all forensic cases assessed in 2012-2013 by Singapore’s designated forensic psychiatric facility yielded 186 defendants’ TOMM scores. Offence severity, coded into 6 rank-ordered categories, was analyzed in a one-way ANOVA with TOMM score as the dependent variable. There was a statistically significant difference (F(5,87) = 2.473, p = 0.038). A Tukey post-hoc test with Bonferroni correction revealed that defendants facing lower charges (Theft, shoplifting, criminal breach of trust) invested less test-taking effort (TOMM = 37.4±12.3, p = 0.033) compared to those facing the death penalty (TOMM = 46.2±8.1). The surprising finding that those facing death penalties actually invested more test taking effort than those facing relatively minor charges could be due to higher levels of cooperation when faced with death. Alternatively, other legal avenues to escape the death sentence may have been preferred over the mitigatory chance of a psychiatric defence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital%20sentencing" title="capital sentencing">capital sentencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offence%20severity" title=" offence severity"> offence severity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Singapore" title=" Singapore"> Singapore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Test%20of%20Memory%20Malingering" title=" Test of Memory Malingering"> Test of Memory Malingering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34460/the-test-of-memory-malingering-and-offence-severity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">152</span> Fumigant Insecticidal Efficacy of Ozone Gas (O₃) Towards Tribolium castaneum and Cryptolestes ferrugineus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Saleem">S. Saleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20J.%20Mason"> L. J. Mason</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hasan"> M. Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sagheer"> M. Sagheer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20Ali"> Q. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Akhtar"> S. Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20M.%20S.%20Hanif"> C. M. S. Hanif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ozone has been documented as a potential fumigant against major insect pests of stored commodities due to its highly oxidative properties. Present studies were conducted in the Smith Hall (Department of Entomology), Purdue University, USA, to examine the fumigant toxicities of ozone gas (O₃) against stored grain insect pests. Adults of Tribolium castaneum and Cryptolestes ferrugineus were exposed to different concentrations (100, 200, 480, 700, and 800 ppm) of ozone gas. Test insects were fumigated by keeping a constant temperature of 27 ± 2 °C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity, while dead insects were recorded after 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 hr of treatment. C. ferrugineus was found susceptible, with mean mortality of 90.99% as compared to T. castaneum (53.22%). Fumigation, even with lower concentrations (100 ppm) of ozone gas for 36 hr, exhibited 100% mortality against C. ferrugineus. Mortality increased with the increase in concentration and exposure time. 100% mortality was achieved with 800 ppm concentration after 18hr of treatment against T. castaneum and with 700 ppm after 6 hr of treatment against C. ferrugineus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozone%20gas" title="ozone gas">ozone gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O%E2%82%83" title=" O₃"> O₃</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tribolium%20castaneum" title=" Tribolium castaneum"> Tribolium castaneum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cryptolestes%20ferrugineus" title=" Cryptolestes ferrugineus"> Cryptolestes ferrugineus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stored%20grain%20insect%20pests" title=" stored grain insect pests"> stored grain insect pests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159249/fumigant-insecticidal-efficacy-of-ozone-gas-o3-towards-tribolium-castaneum-and-cryptolestes-ferrugineus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">151</span> Criminal Psychology: The Relationship Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Criminal Justice Involvement in Vietnam War Veterans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danielle%20Page">Danielle Page</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Foregoing studies, statistics, and medical evaluations have established a relationship between Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and criminal justice involvement in Vietnam veterans. War is highly trauma inducing and can leave combat veterans with mental disorders ranging from psychopathic thoughts to suicidal ideation. The majority of those suffering are unaware that they have PTSD, and as a coping mechanism, they often turn to self isolation. Beyond isolation, many veterans with symptomatic PTSD turn to aggression and substance abuse to cope with their internal agony. The most common crimes committed by veterans with PTSD fall into the assault and drug/alcohol abuse categories. Thus, a relationship is established between veteran populations and the criminal justice system. This research aims to define the relationship between PTSD and criminal justice involvement in veterans, explore the mediating factors in this relationship, and analyze numerous court cases in this subject area. Further, it will examine the ways in which crime rates can be reduced for veterans with symptoms of PTSD. This ranges from the improvement of healthcare systems to the implementation of special courts to handle veteran cases. The contribution of this work to the field of forensic psychology will be significant, as it will analyze preexisting case studies and experimental data in an effort to improve the ways in which veteran cases are handled in the criminal justice system. Military personnel involved in the criminal justice system are a vulnerable population in need of healthcare and legislative attention, and this work will bring us one step closer to providing them with just that. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20psychology" title="forensic psychology">forensic psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychotraumatology" title=" psychotraumatology"> psychotraumatology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTSD" title=" PTSD"> PTSD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterans" title=" veterans"> veterans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157821/criminal-psychology-the-relationship-between-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-and-criminal-justice-involvement-in-vietnam-war-veterans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">150</span> Examination of Forged Signatures Printed by Means of Fabrication in Terms of Their Relation to the Perpetrator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salim%20Yaren">Salim Yaren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nergis%20Canturk"> Nergis Canturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Signatures are signs that are handwritten by person in order to confirm values such as information, amount, meaning, time and undertaking that bear on a document. It is understood that the signature of a document and the accuracy of the information on the signature is accepted and approved. Forged signatures are formed by forger without knowing and seeing original signature of person that forger will imitate and as a result of his/her effort for hiding typical characteristics of his/her own signatures. Forged signatures are often signed by starting with the initials of the first and last name or persons of the persons whose fake signature will be signed. The similarities in the signatures are completely random. Within the scope of the study, forged signatures are collected from 100 people both their original signatures and forged signatures signed referring to 5 imaginary people. These signatures are compared for 14 signature analyzing criteria by 2 signature analyzing experts except the researcher. 1 numbered analyzing expert who is 9 year experience in his/her field evaluated signatures of 39 (39%) people right and of 25 (25%) people wrong and he /she made any evaluations for signatures of 36 (36%) people. 2 numbered analyzing expert who is 16 year experienced in his/her field evaluated signatures of 49 (49%) people right and 28 (28%) people wrong and he /she made any evaluations for signatures of 23 (23%) people. Forged signatures that are signed by 24 (24%) people are matched by two analyzing experts properly, forged signatures that are signed by 8 (8%) people are matched wrongfully and made up signatures that are signed by 12 (12%) people couldn't be decided by both analyzing experts. Signatures analyzing is a subjective topic so that analyzing and comparisons take form according to education, knowledge and experience of the expert. Consequently, due to the fact that 39% success is achieved by analyzing expert who has 9 year professional experience and 49% success is achieved by analyzing expert who has 16 year professional experience, it is seen that success rate is directly proportionate to knowledge and experience of the expert. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20signature" title="forensic signature">forensic signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20signature%20analysis" title=" forensic signature analysis"> forensic signature analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20analysis%20criteria" title=" signature analysis criteria"> signature analysis criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forged%20signature" title=" forged signature"> forged signature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104765/examination-of-forged-signatures-printed-by-means-of-fabrication-in-terms-of-their-relation-to-the-perpetrator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> Phylogenetic Differential Separation of Environmental Samples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amber%20C.%20W.%20Vandepoele">Amber C. W. Vandepoele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20A.%20Marciano"> Michael A. Marciano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biological analyses frequently focus on single organisms, however many times, the biological sample consists of more than the target organism; for example, human microbiome research targets bacterial DNA, yet most samples consist largely of human DNA. Therefore, there would be an advantage to removing these contaminating organisms. Conversely, some analyses focus on a single organism but would greatly benefit from the additional information regarding the other organismal components of the sample. Forensic analysis is one such example, wherein most forensic casework, human DNA is targeted; however, it typically exists in complex non-pristine sample substrates such as soil or unclean surfaces. These complex samples are commonly comprised of not just human tissue but also microbial and plant life, where these organisms may help gain more forensically relevant information about a specific location or interaction. This project aims to optimize a ‘phylogenetic’ differential extraction method that will separate mammalian, bacterial and plant cells in a mixed sample. This is accomplished through the use of size exclusion separation, whereby the different cell types are separated through multiple filtrations using 5 μm filters. The components are then lysed via differential enzymatic sensitivities among the cells and extracted with minimal contribution from the preceding component. This extraction method will then allow complex DNA samples to be more easily interpreted through non-targeting sequencing since the data will not be skewed toward the smaller and usually more numerous bacterial DNAs. This research project has demonstrated that this ‘phylogenetic’ differential extraction method successfully separated the epithelial and bacterial cells from each other with minimal cell loss. We will take this one step further, showing that when adding the plant cells into the mixture, they will be separated and extracted from the sample. Research is ongoing, and results are pending. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20isolation" title="DNA isolation">DNA isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geolocation" title=" geolocation"> geolocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-human" title=" non-human"> non-human</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic%20separation" title=" phylogenetic separation"> phylogenetic separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122792/phylogenetic-differential-separation-of-environmental-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122792.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Gender Estimation by Means of Quantitative Measurements of Foramen Magnum: An Analysis of CT Head Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thilini%20Hathurusinghe">Thilini Hathurusinghe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uthpalie%20Siriwardhana"> Uthpalie Siriwardhana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20M.%20Ediri%20Arachchi"> W. M. Ediri Arachchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranga%20Thudugala"> Ranga Thudugala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indeewari%20Herath"> Indeewari Herath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayani%20Senanayake"> Gayani Senanayake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The foramen magnum is more prone to protect than other skeletal remains during high impact and severe disruptive injuries. Therefore, it is worthwhile to explore whether these measurements can be used to determine the human gender which is vital in forensic and anthropological studies. The idea was to find out the ability to use quantitative measurements of foramen magnum as an anatomical indicator for human gender estimation and to evaluate the gender-dependent variations of foramen magnum using quantitative measurements. Randomly selected 113 subjects who underwent CT head scans at Sri Jayawardhanapura General Hospital of Sri Lanka within a period of six months, were included in the study. The sample contained 58 males (48.76 ± 14.7 years old) and 55 females (47.04 ±15.9 years old). Maximum length of the foramen magnum (LFM), maximum width of the foramen magnum (WFM), minimum distance between occipital condyles (MnD) and maximum interior distance between occipital condyles (MxID) were measured. Further, AreaT and AreaR were also calculated. The gender was estimated using binomial logistic regression. The mean values of all explanatory variables (LFM, WFM, MnD, MxID, AreaT, and AreaR) were greater among male than female. All explanatory variables except MnD (p=0.669) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Significant bivariate correlations were demonstrated by AreaT and AreaR with the explanatory variables. The results evidenced that WFM and MxID were the best measurements in predicting gender according to binomial logistic regression. The estimated model was: log (p/1-p) =10.391-0.136×MxID-0.231×WFM, where p is the probability of being a female. The classification accuracy given by the above model was 65.5%. The quantitative measurements of foramen magnum can be used as a reliable anatomical marker for human gender estimation in the Sri Lankan context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foramen%20magnum" title="foramen magnum">foramen magnum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20and%20anthropological%20studies" title=" forensic and anthropological studies"> forensic and anthropological studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20estimation" title=" gender estimation"> gender estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20regression" title=" logistic regression"> logistic regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99890/gender-estimation-by-means-of-quantitative-measurements-of-foramen-magnum-an-analysis-of-ct-head-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> Non-Invasive Techniques of Analysis of Painting in Forensic Fields</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radka%20Sefcu">Radka Sefcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vaclava%20Antuskova"> Vaclava Antuskova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Turkova"> Ivana Turkova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A growing market with modern artworks of a high price leads to the creation and selling of artwork counterfeits. Material analysis is an important part of the process of assessment of authenticity. Knowledge of materials and techniques used by original authors is also necessary. The contribution presents possibilities of non-invasive methods of structural analysis in research on paintings. It was proved that unambiguous identification of many art materials is feasible without sampling. The combination of Raman spectroscopy with FTIR-external reflection enabled the identification of pigments and binders on selected artworks of prominent Czech painters from the first half of the 20th century – Josef Čapek, Emil Filla, Václav Špála and Jan Zrzavý. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of a wide range of white pigments - lead white, zinc white, titanium white, barium white and also Freeman's white as a special white pigment of painting. Good results were obtained for red, blue and most of the yellow areas. Identification of green pigments was often impossible due to strong fluorescence. Oil was confirmed as a binding medium on most of the analyzed artworks via FTIR - external reflection. Collected data present the valuable background for the determination of art materials characteristic for each painter (his palette) and its development over time. Obtained results will further serve as comparative material for the authentication of artworks. This work has been financially supported by the project of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic: The Development of a Strategic Cluster for Effective Instrumental Technological Methods of Forensic Authentication of Modern Artworks (VJ01010004). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-invasive%20analysis" title="non-invasive analysis">non-invasive analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTIR-external%20reflection" title=" FTIR-external reflection"> FTIR-external reflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forgeries" title=" forgeries"> forgeries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138712/non-invasive-techniques-of-analysis-of-painting-in-forensic-fields" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Meta-Analysis of Previously Unsolved Cases of Aviation Mishaps Employing Molecular Pathology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Josef%20Schwerer">Michael Josef Schwerer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Analyzing any aircraft accident is mandatory based on the regulations of the International Civil Aviation Organization and the respective country’s criminal prosecution authorities. Legal medicine investigations are unavoidable when fatalities involve the flight crew or when doubts arise concerning the pilot’s aeromedical health status before the event. As a result of frequently tremendous blunt and sharp force trauma along with the impact of the aircraft to the ground, consecutive blast or fire exposition of the occupants or putrefaction of the dead bodies in cases of delayed recovery, relevant findings can be masked or destroyed and therefor being inaccessible in standard pathology practice comprising just forensic autopsy and histopathology. Such cases are of considerable risk of remaining unsolved without legal consequences for those responsible. Further, no lessons can be drawn from these scenarios to improve flight safety and prevent future mishaps. Aims and Methods: To learn from previously unsolved aircraft accidents, re-evaluations of the investigation files and modern molecular pathology studies were performed. Genetic testing involved predominantly PCR-based analysis of gene regulation, studying DNA promotor methylations, RNA transcription and posttranscriptional regulation. In addition, the presence or absence of infective agents, particularly DNA- and RNA-viruses, was studied. Technical adjustments of molecular genetic procedures when working with archived sample material were necessary. Standards for the proper interpretation of the respective findings had to be settled. Results and Discussion: Additional molecular genetic testing significantly contributes to the quality of forensic pathology assessment in aviation mishaps. Previously undetected cardiotropic viruses potentially explain e.g., a pilot’s sudden incapacitation resulting from cardiac failure or myocardial arrhythmia. In contrast, negative results for infective agents participate in ruling out concerns about an accident pilot’s fitness to fly and the aeromedical examiner’s precedent decision to issue him or her an aeromedical certificate. Care must be taken in the interpretation of genetic testing for pre-existing diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or ischemic heart disease. Molecular markers such as mRNAs or miRNAs, which can establish these diagnoses in clinical patients, might be misleading in-flight crew members because of adaptive changes in their tissues resulting from repeated mild hypoxia during flight, for instance. Military pilots especially demonstrate significant physiological adjustments to their somatic burdens in flight, such as cardiocirculatory stress and air combat maneuvers. Their non-pathogenic alterations in gene regulation and expression will likely be misinterpreted for genuine disease by inexperienced investigators. Conclusions: The growing influence of molecular pathology on legal medicine practice has found its way into aircraft accident investigation. As appropriate quality standards for laboratory work and data interpretation are provided, forensic genetic testing supports the medico-legal analysis of aviation mishaps and potentially reduces the number of unsolved events in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation%20medicine" title="aviation medicine">aviation medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aircraft%20accident%20investigation" title=" aircraft accident investigation"> aircraft accident investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20pathology" title=" forensic pathology"> forensic pathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20pathology" title=" molecular pathology"> molecular pathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182910/meta-analysis-of-previously-unsolved-cases-of-aviation-mishaps-employing-molecular-pathology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Development of a Fuzzy Logic Based Model for Monitoring Child Pornography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Ismail">Mariam Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazeem%20Rufai"> Kazeem Rufai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremiah%20Balogun"> Jeremiah Balogun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was conducted to apply fuzzy logic to the development of a monitoring model for child pornography based on associated risk factors, which can be used by forensic experts or integrated into forensic systems for the early detection of child pornographic activities. A number of methods were adopted in the study, which includes an extensive review of related works was done in order to identify the factors that are associated with child pornography following which they were validated by an expert sex psychologist and guidance counselor, and relevant data was collected. Fuzzy membership functions were used to fuzzify the associated variables identified alongside the risk of the occurrence of child pornography based on the inference rules that were provided by the experts consulted, and the fuzzy logic expert system was simulated using the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox available in the MATLAB Software Release 2016. The results of the study showed that there were 4 categories of risk factors required for assessing the risk of a suspect committing child pornography offenses. The results of the study showed that 2 and 3 triangular membership functions were used to formulate the risk factors based on the 2 and 3 number of labels assigned, respectively. The results of the study showed that 5 fuzzy logic models were formulated such that the first 4 was used to assess the impact of each category on child pornography while the last one takes the 4 outputs from the 4 fuzzy logic models as inputs required for assessing the risk of child pornography. The following conclusion was made; there were factors that were related to personal traits, social traits, history of child pornography crimes, and self-regulatory deficiency traits by the suspects required for the assessment of the risk of child pornography crimes committed by a suspect. Using the values of the identified risk factors selected for this study, the risk of child pornography can be easily assessed from their values in order to determine the likelihood of a suspect perpetuating the crime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title="fuzzy">fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membership%20functions" title=" membership functions"> membership functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pornography" title=" pornography"> pornography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116574/development-of-a-fuzzy-logic-based-model-for-monitoring-child-pornography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> The Shape of the Sculptor: Exploring Psychologist’s Perceptions of a Model of Parenting Ability to Guide Intervention in Child Custody Evaluations in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20R.%20Townsend">Anthony R. Townsend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robyn%20L.%20Fasser"> Robyn L. Fasser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research project provides an interpretative phenomenological analysis of a proposed conceptual model of parenting ability that has been designed to offer recommendations to guide intervention in child custody evaluations in South Africa. A recent review of the literature on child custody evaluations reveals that while there have been significant and valuable shifts in the capacity of the legal system aided by mental health professionals in understanding children and family dynamics, there remains a conceptual gap regarding the nature of parenting ability. With a view to addressing this paucity of a theoretical basis for considering parenting ability, this research project reviews a dimensional model for the assessment of parenting ability by conceiving parenting ability as a combination of good parenting and parental fitness. This model serves as a conceptual framework to guide child-custody evaluation and refine intervention in such cases to better meet the best interests of the child in a manner that bridges the professional gap between parties, legal entities, and mental health professionals. Using a model of good parenting as a point of theoretical departure, this model incorporates both intra-psychic and interpersonal attributes and behaviours of parents to form an impression of parenting ability and identify areas for potential enhancement. This research, therefore, hopes to achieve the following: (1) to provide nuanced descriptions of parents’ parenting ability; (2) to describe parents’ parenting potential; (3) to provide a parenting assessment tool for investigators in forensic family matters that will enable more useful recommendations and interventions; (4) to develop a language of consensus for investigators, attorneys, judges and parents, in forensic family matters, as to what comprises parenting ability and how this can be assessed; and (5) that all of the aforementioned will serve to advance the best interests of the children involved in such litigious matters. The evaluative promise and post-assessment prospects of this model are illustrated through three interlinking data sets: (1) the results of interviews with South African psychologists about the model, (2) retrospective analysis of care and contact evaluation reports using the model to determine if different conclusions or more specific recommendations are generated with its use and (3) the results of an interview with a psychologist who piloted this model by using it in care and contact evaluation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alienation" title="alienation">alienation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment" title=" attachment"> attachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=best%20interests%20of%20the%20child" title=" best interests of the child"> best interests of the child</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=care%20and%20contact%20evaluation" title=" care and contact evaluation"> care and contact evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%E2%80%99s%20act%20%2838%20of%202005%29" title=" children’s act (38 of 2005)"> children’s act (38 of 2005)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20custody%20evaluation" title=" child custody evaluation"> child custody evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20forensics" title=" civil forensics"> civil forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gatekeeping" title=" gatekeeping"> gatekeeping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20parenting" title=" good parenting"> good parenting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good-enough%20parenting" title=" good-enough parenting"> good-enough parenting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20professions%20council%20of%20South%20Africa" title=" health professions council of South Africa"> health professions council of South Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20law" title=" family law"> family law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20mental%20healthcare%20practitioners" title=" forensic mental healthcare practitioners"> forensic mental healthcare practitioners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20fitness" title=" parental fitness"> parental fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parenting%20ability" title=" parenting ability"> parenting ability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parent%20management%20training" title=" parent management training"> parent management training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parenting%20plan" title=" parenting plan"> parenting plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem-determined%20system" title=" problem-determined system"> problem-determined system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychotherapy" title=" psychotherapy"> psychotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20of%20other%20child-parent%20relationship" title=" support of other child-parent relationship"> support of other child-parent relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voice%20of%20the%20child" title=" voice of the child"> voice of the child</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152799/the-shape-of-the-sculptor-exploring-psychologists-perceptions-of-a-model-of-parenting-ability-to-guide-intervention-in-child-custody-evaluations-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Disaster Victim Identification: A Social Science Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Toom">Victor Toom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Albeit it is never possible to anticipate the full range of difficulties after a catastrophe, efforts to identify victims of mass casualty events have become institutionalized and standardized with the aim of effectively and efficiently addressing the many challenges and contingencies. Such ‘disaster victim identification’ (DVI) practices are dependent on the forensic sciences, are subject of national legislation, and are reliant on technical and organizational protocols to mitigate the many complexities in the wake of catastrophe. Apart from such technological, legal and bureaucratic elements constituting a DVI operation, victims’ families and their emotions are also part and parcel of any effort to identify casualties of mass human fatality incidents. Take for example the fact that forensic experts require (antemortem) information from the group of relatives to make identification possible. An identified body or body part is also repatriated to kin. Relatives are thus main stakeholders in DVI operations. Much has been achieved in years past regarding facilitating victims’ families’ issues and their emotions. Yet, how families are dealt with by experts and authorities is still considered a difficult topic. Due to sensitivities and required emphatic interaction with families on the one hand, and the rationalized DVI efforts, on the other hand, there is still scope for improving communication, providing information and meaningful inclusion of relatives in the DVI effort. This paper aims to bridge the standardized world of DVI efforts and families’ experienced realities and makes suggestions to further improve DVI efforts through inclusion of victims’ families. Based on qualitative interviews, the paper narrates involvement and experiences of inter alia DVI practitioners, victims’ families, advocates and clergy in the wake of the 1995 Srebrenica genocide which killed approximately 8,000 men, and the 9/11 in New York City with 2,750 victims. The paper shows that there are several models of including victims’ families into a DVI operation, and it argues for a model of where victims’ families become a partner in DVI operations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20victim%20identification%20%28DVI%29" title="disaster victim identification (DVI)">disaster victim identification (DVI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=victims%E2%80%99%20families" title=" victims’ families"> victims’ families</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20science%20%28qualitative%29" title=" social science (qualitative)"> social science (qualitative)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=9%2F11%20attacks" title=" 9/11 attacks"> 9/11 attacks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srebrenica%20genocide" title=" Srebrenica genocide"> Srebrenica genocide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76585/disaster-victim-identification-a-social-science-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Methylation Profiling and Validation of Candidate Tissue-Specific Differentially Methylated Regions for Identification of Human Blood, Saliva, Semen and Vaginal Fluid and Its Application in Forensics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meenu%20Joshi">Meenu Joshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalie%20Naidoo"> Natalie Naidoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzeen%20Kader"> Farzeen Kader</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Identification of body fluids is an essential step in forensic investigation to aid in crime reconstruction. Tissue-specific differentially methylated regions (tDMRs) of the human genome can be targeted to be used as biomarkers to differentiate between body fluids. The present study was undertaken to establish the methylation status of potential tDMRs in blood, semen, saliva, and vaginal fluid by using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and bisulfite sequencing (BS). The methylation statuses of 3 potential tDMRS in genes ZNF282, PTPRS, and HPCAL1 were analysed in 10 samples of each body fluid. With MSP analysis, the ZNF282, and PTPRS1 tDMR displayed semen-specific hypomethylation while HPCAL1 tDMR showed saliva-specific hypomethylation. With quantitative analysis by BS, the ZNF282 tDMR showed statistically significant difference in overall methylation between semen and all other body fluids as well as at individual CpG sites (p < 0.05). To evaluate the effect of environmental conditions on the stability of methylation profiles of the ZNF282 tDMR, five samples of each body fluid were subjected to five different forensic simulated conditions (dry at room temperature, wet in an exsiccator, outside on the ground, sprayed with alcohol, and sprayed with bleach) for 50 days. Vaginal fluid showed highest DNA recovery under all conditions while semen had least DNA quantity. Under outside on the ground condition, all body fluids except semen showed a decrease in methylation level; however, a significant decrease in methylation level was observed for saliva. A statistical significant difference was observed for saliva and semen (p < 0.05) for outside on the ground condition. No differences in methylation level were observed for the ZNF282 tDMR under all conditions for vaginal fluid samples. Thus, in the present study ZNF282 tDMR has been identified as a novel and stable semen-specific hypomethylation marker. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20fluids" title="body fluids">body fluids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bisulphite%20sequencing" title=" bisulphite sequencing"> bisulphite sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensics" title=" forensics"> forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tDMRs" title=" tDMRs"> tDMRs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSP" title=" MSP"> MSP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81787/methylation-profiling-and-validation-of-candidate-tissue-specific-differentially-methylated-regions-for-identification-of-human-blood-saliva-semen-and-vaginal-fluid-and-its-application-in-forensics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Linking Business Owners’ Choice of Organizational Form to Appraisers’ Determination of Value: An Agency Theory Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majdi%20Anwar%20Quttainah">Majdi Anwar Quttainah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Paczkowski"> William Paczkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Muhammad"> Ali Muhammad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Determining the value of a privately held firms confound those in academia as well as practitioners in the fields of appraisal, forensic accounting, and law. Divergent parties to the transfer look to apply the valuation technique to serve their own best interests. This paper seeks to explore how agency theory induces owners to choose the form of their businesses at inception and how this choice will affect the appraisers’ valuation of the firm at the transfer of ownership. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20form" title="organizational form">organizational form</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency%20theory" title=" agency theory"> agency theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value" title=" value"> value</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14967/linking-business-owners-choice-of-organizational-form-to-appraisers-determination-of-value-an-agency-theory-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Unidentified Remains with Extensive Bone Disease without a Clear Diagnosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Shirley%20Almeida%20Prado">Patricia Shirley Almeida Prado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selma%20Paix%C3%A3o%20Argollo"> Selma Paixão Argollo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20De%20F%C3%A1tima%20Teixeira%20Guimar%C3%A3es"> Maria De Fátima Teixeira Guimarães</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leticia%20Matos%20Sobrinho"> Leticia Matos Sobrinho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Skeletal differential diagnosis is essential in forensic anthropology in order to differentiate skeletal trauma from normal osseous variation and pathological processes. Thus, part of forensic anthropological field is differentiate skeletal criminal injuries from the normal skeletal variation (bone fusion or nonunion, transitional vertebrae and other non-metric traits), non-traumatic skeletal pathology (myositis ossificans, arthritis, bone metastasis, osteomyelitis) from traumatic skeletal pathology (myositis ossificans traumatic) avoiding misdiagnosis. This case shows the importance of effective pathological diagnosis in order to accelerate the identification process of skeletonized human remains. THE CASE: An unidentified skeletal remains at the medico legal institute Nina Rodrigues-Salvador, of a male young adult (29 to 40 years estimated) showing a massive heterotopic ossification on its right tibia at upper epiphysis and adjacent articular femur surface; an extensive ossification on the right clavicle (at the sternal extremity) also presenting an heterotopic ossification at right scapulae (upper third of scapulae lateral margin and infraglenoid tubercule) and at the head of right humerus at the shoulder joint area. Curiously, this case also shows an unusual porosity in certain vertebrae´s body and in some tarsal and carpal bones. Likewise, his left fifth metacarpal bones (right and left) showed a healed fracture which led both bones distorted. Based on identification, of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains literature and protocols these alterations can be misdiagnosed and this skeleton may present more than one pathological process. The anthropological forensic lab at Medico-legal Institute Nina Rodrigues in Salvador (Brazil) adopts international protocols to ancestry, sex, age and stature estimations, also implemented well-established conventions to identify pathological disease and skeletal alterations. The most compatible diagnosis for this case is hematogenous osteomyelitis due to following findings: 1: the healed fracture pattern at the clavicle showing a cloaca which is a pathognomonic for osteomyelitis; 2: the metacarpals healed fracture does not present cloaca although they developed a periosteal formation. 3: the superior articular surface of the right tibia shows an extensive inflammatory healing process that extends to adjacent femur articular surface showing some cloaca at tibia bone disease. 4: the uncommon porosities may result from hematogenous infectious process. The fractures probably have occurred in a different moments based on the healing process; the tibia injury is more extensive and has not been reorganized, while metacarpals and clavicle fracture is properly healed. We suggest that the clavicle and tibia´s fractures were infected by an existing infectious disease (syphilis, tuberculosis, brucellosis) or an existing syndrome (Gorham’s disease), which led to the development of osteomyelitis. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that different bones are affected in diverse levels. Like the metacarpals that do not show the cloaca, but then a periosteal new bone formation; then the unusual porosities do not show a classical osteoarthritic processes findings as the marginal osteophyte, pitting and new bone formation, they just show an erosive process without bone formation or osteophyte. To confirm and prove our hypothesis we are working on different clinical approaches like DNA, histopathology and other image exams to find the correct diagnostic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20disease" title="bone disease">bone disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20anthropology" title=" forensic anthropology"> forensic anthropology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematogenous%20osteomyelitis" title=" hematogenous osteomyelitis"> hematogenous osteomyelitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20identification" title=" human identification"> human identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20remains" title=" human remains"> human remains</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53084/unidentified-remains-with-extensive-bone-disease-without-a-clear-diagnosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Ground Beetle’s Diversity in Agroecosystems of a Steppe Region, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawel%20Ganaoui">Nawel Ganaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chadli%20Souhila"> Chadli Souhila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gahdab%20Chakal"> Gahdab Chakal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the results of a comparative research aiming to examine the distribution of beetles in four agroecosystems in the Tiaret region, located in northwestern Algeria, during the year 2023. This study was initiated across 04 stations that were randomly distributed within the Ksar Chellala region and selected based on their plant composition. The sampling method used was based on pitfall traps, which were filled two-thirds with a solution of saltwater supplemented with vinegar. In total, 40 species of beetles belonging to 9 families were identified. Among them, tenebrionids were the most abundant group (43%), followed by scarab beetles (30%) The comparison between the four types of agroecosystems - olive culture, sheep farming, cereal cultivation, and Pomegranate cultivation- in this region revealed that cereal cultivation harbored the greatest species diversity (30 species), followed by the sheep farming site (32 species), and then the other sites based on their ecological importance and trophic interactions, these beetle species were mainly categorized as coprophages, phytophages, and predators. The spatiotemporal evolution of beetle activity highlighted peaks of rich-ness and abundance, mainly during the dry period (from April to May), while the cold period (January) showed the low-est levels. The specific diversity of beetles varied significantly from one habitat to another. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agroecosystem" title="agroecosystem">agroecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beetle" title=" beetle"> beetle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomology" title=" entomology"> entomology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steppe%20regoin" title=" steppe regoin"> steppe regoin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178813/ground-beetles-diversity-in-agroecosystems-of-a-steppe-region-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> A Study of the Atlantoaxial Fracture or Dislocation in Motorcyclists with Helmet Accidents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shao-Huang%20Wu">Shao-Huang Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ai-Yun%20Wu"> Ai-Yun Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng-Chen%20Wu"> Meng-Chen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Liang%20Wu"> Chun-Liang Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai-Ping%20Shaw"> Kai-Ping Shaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiao-Ting%20Chen"> Hsiao-Ting Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To analyze the forensic autopsy data of known passengers and compare it with the National database of the autopsy report in 2017, and obtain the special patterned injuries, which can be used as the reference for the reconstruction of hit-and-run motor vehicle accidents. Methods: Analyze the items of the Motor Vehicle Accident Report, including Date of accident, Time occurred, Day, Acc. severity, Acc. Location, Acc. Class, Collision with Vehicle, Motorcyclists Codes, Safety equipment use, etc. Analyzed the items of the Autopsy Report included, including General Description, Clothing and Valuables, External Examination, Head and Neck Trauma, Trunk Trauma, Other Injuries, Internal Examination, Associated Items, Autopsy Determinations, etc. Materials: Case 1. The process of injury formation: the car was chased forward and collided with the scooter. The passenger wearing the helmet fell to the ground. The helmet crashed under the bottom of the sedan, and the bottom of the sedan was raised. Additionally, the sedan was hit on the left by the other sedan behind, resulting in the front sedan turning 180 degrees on the spot. The passenger’s head was rotated, and the cervical spine was fractured. Injuries: 1. Fracture of atlantoaxial joint 2. Fracture of the left clavicle, scapula, and proximal humerus 3. Fracture of the 1-10 left ribs and 2-7 right ribs with lung contusion and hemothorax 4. Fracture of the transverse process of 2-5 lumbar vertebras 5. Comminuted fracture of the right femur 6. Suspected subarachnoid space and subdural hemorrhage 7. Laceration of the spleen. Case 2. The process of injury formation: The motorcyclist wearing the helmet fell to the left by himself, and his chest was crushed by the car going straight. Only his upper body was under the car and the helmet finally fell off. Injuries: 1. Dislocation of atlantoaxial joint 2. Laceration on the left posterior occipital 3. Laceration on the left frontal 4. Laceration on the left side of the chin 5. Strip bruising on the anterior neck 6. Open rib fracture of the right chest wall 7. Comminuted fracture of both 1-12 ribs 8. Fracture of the sternum 9. Rupture of the left lung 10. Rupture of the left and right atria, heart tip and several large vessels 11. The aortic root is nearly transected 12. Severe rupture of the liver. Results: The common features of the two cases were the fracture or dislocation of the atlantoaxial joint and both helmets that were crashed. There were no atlantoaxial fractures or dislocations in 27 pedestrians (without wearing a helmet) versus motor vehicle accidents in 2017 the National database of an autopsy report, but there were two atlantoaxial fracture or dislocation cases in the database, both of which were cases of falling from height. Conclusion: The cervical spine fracture injury of the motorcyclist, who was wearing a helmet, is very likely to be a patterned injury caused by his/her fall and rollover under the sedan. It could provide a reference for forensic peers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patterned%20injuries" title="patterned injuries">patterned injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atlantoaxial%20fracture%20or%20dislocation" title=" atlantoaxial fracture or dislocation"> atlantoaxial fracture or dislocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident%20reconstruction" title=" accident reconstruction"> accident reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motorcycle%20accident%20with%20helmet" title=" motorcycle accident with helmet"> motorcycle accident with helmet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20autopsy%20data" title=" forensic autopsy data"> forensic autopsy data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161182/a-study-of-the-atlantoaxial-fracture-or-dislocation-in-motorcyclists-with-helmet-accidents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Practices of Entomophagy and Entomotherapy in Baranggay Alambijud, Argao and Baranggay Lusaran, Cebu City, Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jake%20Joshua%20C.%20Garces">Jake Joshua C. Garces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zandra%20O.%20Jarito"> Zandra O. Jarito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leslie%20Ann%20T.%20Barriga"> Leslie Ann T. Barriga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Froilen%20C.%20Domicelo"> Froilen C. Domicelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nimfa%20R.%20Pansit"> Nimfa R. Pansit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was conducted in order to discover the medicinal and edible potentialities of different insect species in Baranggay Alambijud, Argao and Baranggay Lusaran, Cebu City, Cebu. In order to identify these entomological practices, a survey was carried out by the researchers in these key sites. Fourteen key informants were obtained and these were identified with the aide of two sampling methods- snowball technique and purposive sampling. Open-ended questionnaires were employed in order to obtain authentic and significant information from the key informants. Results portrayed that in the practice of entomotherapy, two insects were used as medicine namely: migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manillensis) and honey bee (Apis dorsata); and two insect by-products were utilized namely: feces of cockroach (Periplaneta Americana) and honey. White grub (Cotinis nitida) and bee eggs were also documented to manifest edible capability and were thus utilized in the entomophagic practices. After applying thematic analysis, it was determined that the causative factors of their entomological practices include their limited educational attainment, their inability to access urban societies and the influence brought about by their family and community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomophagy" title="entomophagy">entomophagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomotherapy" title=" entomotherapy"> entomotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomology" title=" entomology"> entomology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20informants" title=" key informants"> key informants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14601/practices-of-entomophagy-and-entomotherapy-in-baranggay-alambijud-argao-and-baranggay-lusaran-cebu-city-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Possibilities of Postmortem CT to Detection of Gas Accumulations in the Vessels of Dead Newborns with Congenital Sepsis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uliana%20N.%20Tumanova">Uliana N. Tumanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viacheslav%20M.%20Lyapin"> Viacheslav M. Lyapin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20G.%20Bychenko"> Vladimir G. Bychenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandr%20I.%20Shchegolev"> Alexandr I. Shchegolev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gennady%20T.%20Sukhikh"> Gennady T. Sukhikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well known that the gas formed as a result of postmortem decomposition of tissues can be detected already 24-48 hours after death. In addition, the conditions of keeping and storage of the corpse (temperature and humidity of the environment) significantly determine the rate of occurrence and development of posthumous changes. The presence of sepsis is accompanied by faster postmortem decomposition and decay of the organs and tissues of the body. The presence of gas in the vessels and cavities can be revealed fully at postmortem CT. Radiologists must certainly report on the detection of intraorganic or intravascular gas, wich was detected at postmortem CT, to forensic experts or pathologists before the autopsy. This gas can not be detected during autopsy, but it can be very important for establishing a diagnosis. To explore the possibility of postmortem CT for the evaluation of gas accumulations in the newborns' vessels, who died from congenital sepsis. Researched of 44 newborns bodies (25 male and 19 female sex, at the age from 6 hours to 27 days) after 6 - 12 hours of death. The bodies were stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of +4°C in the supine position. Grouped 12 bodies of newborns that died from congenital sepsis. The control group consisted of 32 bodies of newborns that died without signs of sepsis. Postmortem CT examination was performed at the GEMINI TF TOF16 device, before the autopsy. The localizations of gas accumulations in the vessels were determined on the CT tomograms. The sepsis diagnosis was on the basis of clinical and laboratory data and autopsy results. Gases in the vessels were detected in 33.3% of cases in the group with sepsis, and in the control group - in 34.4%. A group with sepsis most often the gas localized in the heart and liver vessels - 50% each, of observations number with the detected gas in the vessels. In the heart cavities, aorta and mesenteric vessels - 25% each. In control most often gas was detected in the liver (63.6%) and abdominal cavity (54.5%) vessels. In 45.5% the gas localized in the cavities, and in 36.4% in the vessels of the heart. In the cerebral vessels and in the aorta gas was detected in 27.3% and 9.1%, respectively. Postmortem CT has high diagnostic capabilities to detect free gas in vessels. Postmortem changes in newborns that died from sepsis do not affect intravascular gas production within 6-12 hours. Radiation methods should be used as a supplement to the autopsy, including as a kind of ‘guide’, with the indication to the forensic medical expert of certain changes identified during CT studies, for better definition of pathological processes during the autopsy. Postmortem CT can be recommend as a first stage of autopsy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congenital%20sepsis" title="congenital sepsis">congenital sepsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas" title=" gas"> gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=newborn" title=" newborn"> newborn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postmortem%20CT" title=" postmortem CT"> postmortem CT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97758/possibilities-of-postmortem-ct-to-detection-of-gas-accumulations-in-the-vessels-of-dead-newborns-with-congenital-sepsis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> An In-Depth Definition of the 24 Levels of Consciousness and Its Relationship to Buddhism and Artificial Intelligence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20V.%20Luisi">James V. Luisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding consciousness requires a synthesis of ideas from multiple disciplines, including obvious ones like psychology, biology, evolution, neurology, and neuroscience, as well as less obvious ones like protozoology, botany, entomology, carcinology, herpetology, mammalogy, and computer sciences. Furthermore, to incorporate the necessary backdrop, it is best presented in a theme of Eastern philosophy, specifically leveraging the teachings of Buddhism for its relevance to early thought on consciousness. These ideas are presented as a multi-level framework that illustrates the various aspects of consciousness within a tapestry of foundational and dependent building blocks as to how living organisms evolved to understand elements of their reality sufficiently to survive, and in the case of Homo sapiens, eventually move beyond meeting the basic needs of survival, but to also achieve survival of the species beyond the eventual fate of our planet. This is not a complete system of thought, but just a framework of consciousness gathering some of the key elements regarding the evolution of consciousness and the advent of free will, and presenting them in a unique way that encourages readers to continue the dialog and thought process as an experience to enjoy long after reading the last page. Readers are encouraged to think for themselves about the issues raised herein and to question every facet presented, as much further exploration is needed. Needless to say, this subject will remain a rapidly evolving one for quite some time to come, and it is probably in the interests of everyone to at least consider attaining both an ability and willingness to participate in the dialog. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consciousness" title="consciousness">consciousness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentience" title=" sentience"> sentience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligence" title=" intelligence"> intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhism" title=" Buddhism"> Buddhism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114079/an-in-depth-definition-of-the-24-levels-of-consciousness-and-its-relationship-to-buddhism-and-artificial-intelligence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Modelling for Roof Failure Analysis in an Underground Cave</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bel%C3%A9n%20Prendes-Gero">M. Belén Prendes-Gero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Celestino%20Gonz%C3%A1lez-Nicieza"> Celestino González-Nicieza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Inmaculada%20Alvarez-Fern%C3%A1ndez"> M. Inmaculada Alvarez-Fernández</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Roof collapse is one of the problems with a higher frequency in most of the mines of all countries, even now. There are many reasons that may cause the roof to collapse, namely the mine stress activities in the mining process, the lack of vigilance and carelessness or the complexity of the geological structure and irregular operations. This work is the result of the analysis of one accident produced in the “Mary” coal exploitation located in northern Spain. In this accident, the roof of a crossroad of excavated galleries to exploit the “Morena” Layer, 700 m deep, collapsed. In the paper, the work done by the forensic team to determine the causes of the incident, its conclusions and recommendations are collected. Initially, the available documentation (geology, geotechnics, mining, etc.) and accident area were reviewed. After that, laboratory and on-site tests were carried out to characterize the behaviour of the rock materials and the support used (metal frames and shotcrete). With this information, different hypotheses of failure were simulated to find the one that best fits reality. For this work, the software of finite differences in three dimensions, FLAC 3D, was employed. The results of the study confirmed that the detachment was originated as a consequence of one sliding in the layer wall, due to the large roof span present in the place of the accident, and probably triggered as a consequence of the existence of a protection pillar insufficient. The results allowed to establish some corrective measures avoiding future risks. For example, the dimensions of the protection zones that must be remained unexploited and their interaction with the crossing areas between galleries, or the use of more adequate supports for these conditions, in which the significant deformations may discourage the use of rigid supports such as shotcrete. At last, a grid of seismic control was proposed as a predictive system. Its efficiency was tested along the investigation period employing three control equipment that detected new incidents (although smaller) in other similar areas of the mine. These new incidents show that the use of explosives produces vibrations which are a new risk factor to analyse in a next future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20analysis" title="forensic analysis">forensic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypothesis%20modelling" title=" hypothesis modelling"> hypothesis modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roof%20failure" title=" roof failure"> roof failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20monitoring" title=" seismic monitoring"> seismic monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122928/modelling-for-roof-failure-analysis-in-an-underground-cave" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Effects of Post-sampling Conditions on Ethanol and Ethyl Glucuronide Formation in the Urine of Diabetes Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussam%20Ashwi">Hussam Ashwi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magbool%20Oraiby"> Magbool Oraiby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Muyidi"> Ali Muyidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20Al-Oufi"> Hamad Al-Oufi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Al-Oufi"> Mohammed Al-Oufi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Al-Juhani"> Adel Al-Juhani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Al-Zemaa"> Salman Al-Zemaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Al-Shahrani"> Saeed Al-Shahrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Abuallah"> Amal Abuallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wedad%20Sherwani"> Wedad Sherwani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alattas"> Mohammed Alattas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibraheem%20Attafi"> Ibraheem Attafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethanol must be accurately identified and quantified to establish their use and contribution in criminal cases and forensic medicine. In some situations, it may be necessary to reanalyze an old specimen; therefore, it is essential to comprehend the effect of storage conditions and how long the result of a reanalyzed specimen can be reliable and reproducible. Additionally, ethanol can be produced via multiple in vivo and in vitro processes, particularly in diabetic patients, and the results can be affected by storage conditions and time. In order to distinguish between in vivo and in vitro alcohol generation in diabetes patient urine samples, various factors should be considered. This study identifies and quantifies ethanol and EtG in diabetic patients' urine samples stored in two different settings over time. Ethanol levels were determined using gas chromatography-headspace (GC-HS), and ethyl glucuronide (EtG) levels were determined using the immunoassay (RANDOX) technique. Ten urine specimens were collected and placed in a standard container. Each specimen was separated into two containers. The specimens were divided into two groups: those kept at room temperature (25 °C) and those kept cold (2-8 °C). Ethanol and EtG levels were determined serially over a two-week period. Initial results showed that none of the specimens tested positive for ethanol or EtG. At room temperature (15-25 °C), 7 and 14 days after the sample was taken, the average concentration of ethanol increased from 1.7 mg/dL to 2 mg/dL, and the average concentration of EtG increased from 108 ng/mL to 186 ng/mL. At 2–8 °C, the average ethanol concentration was 0.4 and 0.5 mg/dL, and the average EtG concentration was 138 and 124 ng/mL seven and fourteen days after the sample was collected, respectively. When ethanol and EtG levels were determined 14 days post collection, they were considerably lower than when stored at room temperature. A considerable increase in EtG concentrations (14-day range 0–186 ng/mL) is produced during room-temperature storage, although negative initial results for all specimens. Because EtG might be produced after a sampling collection, it is not a reliable indicator of recent alcohol consumption. Given the possibility of misleading EtG results due to in vitro EtG production in the urine of diabetic patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethyl%20glucuronide" title="ethyl glucuronide">ethyl glucuronide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title=" ethanol"> ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20toxicology" title=" forensic toxicology"> forensic toxicology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic" title=" diabetic"> diabetic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159758/effects-of-post-sampling-conditions-on-ethanol-and-ethyl-glucuronide-formation-in-the-urine-of-diabetes-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Effect of Tissue Preservation Chemicals on Decomposition in Different Soil Types</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onyekachi%20Ogbonnaya%20Iroanya">Onyekachi Ogbonnaya Iroanya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taiye%20Abdullahi%20Gegele"> Taiye Abdullahi Gegele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frank%20Tochukwu%20Egwuatu"> Frank Tochukwu Egwuatu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Forensic taphonomy is a multifaceted area that incorporates decomposition, chemical and biological cadaver exposure in post-mortem event chronology and reconstruction to predict the Post Mortem Interval (PMI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the integrity of DNA extracted from the remains of embalmed decomposed Sus domesticus tissues buried in different soil types. Method: A total of 12 limbs of Sus domesticus weighing between 0.7-1.4 kg were used. Each of the samples across the groups was treated with 10% formaldehyde, absolute methanol and 50% Pine oil for 24 hours before burial except the control samples, which were buried immediately. All samples were buried in shallow simulated Clay, Sandy and Loamy soil graves for 12 months. The DNA for each sample was extracted and quantified with Nanodrop Spectrophotometer (6305 JENWAY spectrometers). The rate of decomposition was examined through the modified qualitative decomposition analysis. Extracted DNA was amplified through PCR and bands visualized via gel electrophoresis. A biochemical enzyme assay was done for each burial grave soil. Result: The limbs in all burial groups had lost weight over the burial period. There was a significant increase in the soil urease level in the samples preserved in formaldehyde across the 3 soil type groups (p≤0.01). Also, the control grave soils recorded significantly higher alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase and calcium carbonate values compared to experimental grave soils (p≤0.01). The experimental samples showed a significant decrease in DNA concentration and purity when compared to the control groups (p≤0.01). Obtained findings of the soil biochemical analysis showed the embalming treatment altered the relationship between organic matter decomposition and soil biochemical properties as observed in the fluctuations that were recorded in the soil biochemical parameters. The PCR amplified DNA showed no bands on the gel electrophoresis plates. Conclusion: In criminal investigations, factors such as burial grave soil, grave soil biochemical properties, antemortem exposure to embalming chemicals should be considered in post-mortem interval (PMI) determination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20taphonomy" title="forensic taphonomy">forensic taphonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-mortem%20interval%20%28PMI%29" title=" post-mortem interval (PMI)"> post-mortem interval (PMI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embalmment" title=" embalmment"> embalmment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decomposition" title=" decomposition"> decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grave%20soil" title=" grave soil"> grave soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144912/effect-of-tissue-preservation-chemicals-on-decomposition-in-different-soil-types" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Environmental Forensic Analysis of the Shoreline Microplastics Debris on the Limbe Coastline, Cameroon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ndumbe%20Eric%20Esongami">Ndumbe Eric Esongami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manga%20Veronica%20Ebot"> Manga Veronica Ebot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foba%20Josepha%20Tendo"> Foba Josepha Tendo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yengong%20Fabrice%20Lamfu"> Yengong Fabrice Lamfu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tiku%20David%20Tambe"> Tiku David Tambe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prevalence and unpleasant nature of plastics pollution constantly observed on beach shore on stormy events has prompt researchers worldwide to thesis on sustainable economic and environmental designs on plastics, especially in Cameroon, a major touristic destination in the Central Africa Region. The inconsistent protocols develop by researchers has added to this burden, thus the morphological nature of microplastic remediation is a call for concerns. The prime aim of the study is to morphologically identify, quantify and forensically understands the distribution of each plastics polymer composition. Duplicates of 2×2 m (4m2) quadrants were sampled in each beach/month over 8 months period across five purposive beaches along the Limbe – Idenau coastline, Cameroon. Collected plastic samples were thoroughly washed and separation done using a 2 mm sieve. Only particles of size, < 2 mm, were considered and forward follow the microplastics laboratory analytical processes. Established step by step methodological procedures of particle filtration, organic matter digestion, density separation, particle extraction and polymer identification including microscope and were applied for the beach microplastics samples. Microplastics were observed in each sample/beach/month with an overall abundance of 241 particles/number weighs 89.15 g in total and with a mean abundance of 2 particles/m2 (0.69 g/m2) and 6 particles/month (2.0 g/m2). The accumulation of beach shoreline MPs rose dramatically towards decreasing size with microbeads and fiber only found in the < 1 mm size fraction. Approximately 75% of beach MPs contamination were found in LDB 2, LDB 1 and IDN beaches/average particles/number while the most dominant polymer type frequently observed also were PP, PE, and PS in all morphologically parameters analysed. Beach MPs accumulation significantly varied temporally and spatially at p = 0.05. ANOVA and Spearman’s rank correlation used shows linear relationships between the sizes categories considered in this study. In terms of polymer MPs analysis, the colour class recorded that white coloured MPs was dominant, 50 particles/number (22.25 g) with recorded abundance/number in PP (25), PE (15) and PS (5). The shape class also revealed that irregularly shaped MPs was dominant, 98 particles/number (30.5 g) with higher abundance/number in PP (39), PE (33), and PS (11). Similarly, MPs type class shows that fragmented MPs type was also dominant, 80 particles/number (25.25 g) with higher abundance/number in PP (30), PE (28) and PS (15). Equally, the sized class forward revealed that 1.5 – 1.99 mm sized ranged MPs had the highest abundance of 102 particles/number (51.77 g) with higher concentration observed in PP (47), PE (41), and PS (7) as well and finally, the weight class also show that 0.01 g weighs MPs was dominated by 98 particles/number (56.57 g) with varied numeric abundance seen in PP (49), PE (29) and PS (13). The forensic investigation of the pollution indicated that majority of the beach microplastic is sourced from the site/nearby area. The investigation could draw useful conclusions regarding the pathways of pollution. The fragmented microplastic, a significant component in the sample, was found to be sourced from recreational activities and partly from fishing boat installations and repairs activities carried out close to the shore. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20analysis" title="forensic analysis">forensic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beach%20MPs" title=" beach MPs"> beach MPs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%2Fnumber" title=" particle/number"> particle/number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20composition" title=" polymer composition"> polymer composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cameroon" title=" cameroon"> cameroon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160222/environmental-forensic-analysis-of-the-shoreline-microplastics-debris-on-the-limbe-coastline-cameroon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Forensic Detection of Errors Permitted by the Witnesses in Their Testimony</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lev%20Bertovsky">Lev Bertovsky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to determine the reasons for the formation of false testimony from witnesses and make recommendations on the recognition of such cases. During the studies, which were based on the achievements of professionals in the field of psychology, as well as personal investigative practice, the stages of perception of the information were studied, as well as the process of its reclaim from the memory and transmission to the communicator upon request. Based on the principles of the human brain, kinds of conscientious witness mistakes were systematized. Proposals were formulated for the optimization of investigative actions in cases where the witnesses make an honest mistake with respect to the effects previously observed by them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminology" title="criminology">criminology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eyewitness%20testimony" title=" eyewitness testimony"> eyewitness testimony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honest%20mistake" title=" honest mistake"> honest mistake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information" title=" information"> information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investigator" title=" investigator"> investigator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investigation" title=" investigation"> investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=questioning" title=" questioning"> questioning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59524/forensic-detection-of-errors-permitted-by-the-witnesses-in-their-testimony" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Exploiting the Potential of Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction for Forensic Food Safety: Analysis of Food Samples in Cases of Drug Facilitated Crimes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bharti%20Jain">Bharti Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeev%20Jain"> Rajeev Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abuzar%20Kabir"> Abuzar Kabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torki%20Zughaibi"> Torki Zughaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shweta%20Sharma"> Shweta Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drug-facilitated crimes (DFCs) entail the use of a single drug or a mixture of drugs to render a victim unable. Traditionally, biological samples have been gathered from victims and conducted analysis to establish evidence of drug administration. Nevertheless, the rapid metabolism of various drugs and delays in analysis can impede the identification of such substances. For this, the present article describes a rapid, sustainable, highly efficient and miniaturized protocol for the identification and quantification of three sedative-hypnotic drugs, namely diazepam, chlordiazepoxide and ketamine in alcoholic beverages and complex food samples (cream of biscuit, flavored milk, juice, cake, tea, sweets and chocolate). The methodology involves utilizing fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) to extract diazepam (DZ), chlordiazepoxide (CDP), and ketamine (KET). Subsequently, the extracted samples are subjected to analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Several parameters, including the type of membrane, pH, agitation time and speed, ionic strength, sample volume, elution volume and time, and type of elution solvent, were screened and thoroughly optimized. Sol-gel Carbowax 20M (CW-20M) has demonstrated the most effective extraction efficiency for the target analytes among all evaluated membranes. Under optimal conditions, the method displayed linearity within the range of 0.3–10 µg mL–¹ (or µg g–¹), exhibiting a coefficient of determination (R2) ranging from 0.996–0.999. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) for liquid samples range between 0.020-0.069 µg mL-¹ and 0.066-0.22 µg mL-¹, respectively. Correspondingly, the LODs for solid samples ranged from 0.056-0.090 µg g-¹, while the LOQs ranged from 0.18-0.29 µg g-¹. Notably, the method showcased better precision, with repeatability and reproducibility both below 5% and 10%, respectively. Furthermore, the FPSE-GC-MS method proved effective in determining diazepam (DZ) in forensic food samples connected to drug-facilitated crimes (DFCs). Additionally, the proposed method underwent evaluation for its whiteness using the RGB12 algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20facilitated%20crime" title="drug facilitated crime">drug facilitated crime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fabric%20phase%20sorptive%20extraction" title=" fabric phase sorptive extraction"> fabric phase sorptive extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20forensics" title=" food forensics"> food forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20analytical%20chemistry" title=" white analytical chemistry"> white analytical chemistry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174214/exploiting-the-potential-of-fabric-phase-sorptive-extraction-for-forensic-food-safety-analysis-of-food-samples-in-cases-of-drug-facilitated-crimes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Entomological Study of Pests of Olive Trees in the Region of Batna - Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smail%20Chafaa">Smail Chafaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkrim%20Si%20Bachir"> Abdelkrim Si Bachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our work aims to study the insect diversity based on bioclimatic levels of pests in olive cultures (Olea europea L.) in the area of Batna (arid and semi arid north eastern Algeria) during the period from January 2011 to May 2011. Several sampling techniques were used, those of hunting on sight, visual inspection, hatches traps, colored traps, Japanese umbrella and sweep net. We have identified in total, 2311 individuals with results in inventory 206 species divided to 74 families and 11 orders, including Coleoptera order is quantitatively the most represented with 47.1%. The most dominant diet in our inventory is the phytophagous. Between the herbivorous insects that we have listed and which are the main olive pest of olive cultivation; we quote the olive fly (Bactrocera oleae), cochineal purple olive (Parlatoria oleae) the psyllid olive (Euphyllura olivina) and olive Trips (Liothrips oleae). The distribution of species between stations shows that Boumia resort with the most number of species (113) compared to other resorts and beetles are also better represented in three groves. Total wealth is high in Boumia station compared with the others stations. The values of (H') exceeding 3.9 bits for all the stations studied indicate a specific wealth and diversity of ecological nests in insect species. The values of equitability are near the unit; that suggests a balance between the numbers of insect populations sampled in the various stations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomology" title="entomology">entomology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=olive" title=" olive"> olive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grove" title=" grove"> grove</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=batna" title=" batna"> batna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32370/entomological-study-of-pests-of-olive-trees-in-the-region-of-batna-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Persistent Toxicity of Imidacloprid to Aphis gossypii Glover and Amarasca biguttula biguttula Ishida on Okra</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Pawar">M. A. Pawar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20S.%20Patil"> C. S. Patil </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Investigations were carried out to evaluate the persistent toxicity of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and dimethoate to Aphis gossypii and Amrasca biguttula biguttula under laboratory condition during 2012. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in the glass house of department of Entomology M. P. K. V. Rahuri. Okra plants were raised in glass house following all recommended agronomic practices. The 21 days old plants were used for assessing the effect of insecticides on aphids and jassids. The insecticides were diluted with distilled water to make desired concentrations and used for foliar application. The insecticides included in the study were imidacloprid 17.8 SL, imidacloprid 70 WG, thiamethoxam 25 WG and dimethoate 30 EC. Untreated check was maintained by spraying with distilled water. The mortality of aphids and jassids on treated leaf were recorded at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 21, and 25 days after spray till zero per cent mortality observed for each treatment. Treated leaves from the glasshouse were brought to laboratory and were put in tube with moist cotton swab at the bottom of leaf and sucking apparatus was fit to the tube. Ten jassids were sucked in each tube from the plants in the field. Evaluated insecticides differed in their persistence and index of persistence toxicity against both insects of different treatments. Recommended dose of imidacloprid (25 g a.i/ha) persisted for 21 days against both aphids and jassids. However dimethoate, a conventional insecticide persisted for 11 days. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrasca%20biguttula%20biguttula" title="Amrasca biguttula biguttula">Amrasca biguttula biguttula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aphis%20gossypii" title=" Aphis gossypii"> Aphis gossypii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imidacloprid" title=" imidacloprid"> imidacloprid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persistent%20toxicity" title=" persistent toxicity"> persistent toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78206/persistent-toxicity-of-imidacloprid-to-aphis-gossypii-glover-and-amarasca-biguttula-biguttula-ishida-on-okra" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78206.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Minimum Data of a Speech Signal as Special Indicators of Identification in Phonoscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazaket%20Gazieva">Nazaket Gazieva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Voice biometric data associated with physiological, psychological and other factors are widely used in forensic phonoscopy. There are various methods for identifying and verifying a person by voice. This article explores the minimum speech signal data as individual parameters of a speech signal. Monozygotic twins are believed to be genetically identical. Using the minimum data of the speech signal, we came to the conclusion that the voice imprint of monozygotic twins is individual. According to the conclusion of the experiment, we can conclude that the minimum indicators of the speech signal are more stable and reliable for phonoscopic examinations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonogram" title="phonogram">phonogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20signal" title=" speech signal"> speech signal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20characteristics" title=" temporal characteristics"> temporal characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20frequency" title=" fundamental frequency"> fundamental frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometric%20fingerprints" title=" biometric fingerprints"> biometric fingerprints</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110332/minimum-data-of-a-speech-signal-as-special-indicators-of-identification-in-phonoscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Intersubjectivity of Forensic Handwriting Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20Nawrocka">Marta Nawrocka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In each of the legal proceedings, in which expert evidence is carried out, a major concern is the assessment of the evidential value of expert reports. Judicial institutions, while making decisions, rely heavily on the expert reports, because they usually do not possess 'special knowledge' from a certain fields of science which makes it impossible for them to verify the results presented in the processes. In handwriting studies, the standards of analysis are developed. They unify procedures used by experts in comparing signs and in constructing expert reports. However, the methods used by experts are usually of a qualitative nature. They rely on the application of knowledge and experience of expert and in effect give significant range of margin in the assessment. Moreover, the standards used by experts are still not very precise and the process of reaching the conclusions is poorly understood. The above-mentioned circumstances indicate that expert opinions in the field of handwriting analysis, for many reasons, may not be sufficiently reliable. It is assumed that this state of affairs has its source in a very low level of intersubjectivity of measuring scales and analysis procedures, which consist elements of this kind of analysis. Intersubjectivity is a feature of cognition which (in relation to methods) indicates the degree of consistency of results that different people receive using the same method. The higher the level of intersubjectivity is, the more reliable and credible the method can be considered. The aim of the conducted research was to determine the degree of intersubjectivity of the methods used by the experts from the scope of handwriting analysis. 30 experts took part in the study and each of them received two signatures, with varying degrees of readability, for analysis. Their task was to distinguish graphic characteristics in the signature, estimate the evidential value of the found characteristics and estimate the evidential value of the signature. The obtained results were compared with each other using the Alpha Krippendorff’s statistic, which numerically determines the degree of compatibility of the results (assessments) that different people receive under the same conditions using the same method. The estimation of the degree of compatibility of the experts' results for each of these tasks allowed to determine the degree of intersubjectivity of the studied method. The study showed that during the analysis, the experts identified different signature characteristics and attributed different evidential value to them. In this scope, intersubjectivity turned out to be low. In addition, it turned out that experts in various ways called and described the same characteristics, and the language used was often inconsistent and imprecise. Thus, significant differences have been noted on the basis of language and applied nomenclature. On the other hand, experts attributed a similar evidential value to the entire signature (set of characteristics), which indicates that in this range, they were relatively consistent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20sciences%20experts" title="forensic sciences experts">forensic sciences experts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting%20analysis" title=" handwriting analysis"> handwriting analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-rater%20reliability" title=" inter-rater reliability"> inter-rater reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20of%20methods" title=" reliability of methods"> reliability of methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88901/intersubjectivity-of-forensic-handwriting-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Breath Ethanol Imaging System Using Real Time Biochemical Luminescence for Evaluation of Alcohol Metabolic Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Wang">Xin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munkbayar%20Munkhjargal"> Munkbayar Munkhjargal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumiko%20Miyajima"> Kumiko Miyajima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takahiro%20Arakawa"> Takahiro Arakawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kohji%20Mitsubayashi"> Kohji Mitsubayashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The measurement of gaseous ethanol plays an important role of evaluation of alcohol metabolic capacity in clinical and forensic analysis. A 2-dimensional visualization system for gaseous ethanol was constructed and tested in visualization of breath and transdermal alcohol. We demonstrated breath ethanol measurement using developed high-sensitive visualization system. The concentration of breath ethanol calculated with the imaging signal was significantly different between the volunteer subjects of ALDH2 (+) and (-). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breath%20ethanol" title="breath ethanol">breath ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnaol%20imaging" title=" ethnaol imaging"> ethnaol imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemical%20luminescence" title=" biochemical luminescence"> biochemical luminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20metabolism" title=" alcohol metabolism"> alcohol metabolism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2708/breath-ethanol-imaging-system-using-real-time-biochemical-luminescence-for-evaluation-of-alcohol-metabolic-capacity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=5" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">6</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=11">11</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forensic%20entomology&page=7" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>