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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skiednis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Skiednis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skiednis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bestjoer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bestjoer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bestjoer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bestjoer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demografy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Taal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sjoch_ek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sjoch_ek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sjoch ek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sjoch_ek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Ynhâld" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Keninkryk Skotlân</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nei it artikel yn in oare taal gean. Beskikber yn 69 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0_%D0%90%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Шотландиа Аҳра – Abchazysk" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Шотландиа Аҳра" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abchazysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkryk_van_Skotland" title="Koninkryk van Skotland – Afrikaansk" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koninkryk van Skotland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="مملكة إسكتلندا – Arabysk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مملكة إسكتلندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="مملكة اسكوتلاندا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مملكة اسكوتلاندا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_d%27Escocia" title="Reinu d'Escocia – Asturysk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinu d'Escocia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eotlandiya_krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Şotlandiya krallığı – Azerbeidzjaansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şotlandiya krallığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Шатландскае каралеўства – Wyt-Russysk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шатландскае каралеўства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Wyt-Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кралство Шотландия – Bulgaarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кралство Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouantelezh_Bro-Skos" title="Rouantelezh Bro-Skos – Bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rouantelezh Bro-Skos" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regne_d%27Esc%C3%B2cia" title="Regne d'Escòcia – Katalaansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Regne d'Escòcia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teyrnas_yr_Alban" title="Teyrnas yr Alban – Welsk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Teyrnas yr Alban" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotsk%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Skotské království – Tsjechysk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Skotské království" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Schottland" title="Königreich Schottland – Dútsk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Königreich Schottland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%BA%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Βασίλειο της Σκωτίας – Gryks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βασίλειο της Σκωτίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Gryks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland – Ingelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kingdom of Scotland" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C4%9Dlando_Skotlando" title="Reĝlando Skotlando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Reĝlando Skotlando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_de_Escocia" title="Reino de Escocia – Spaansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino de Escocia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0otimaa_kuningriik" title="Šotimaa kuningriik – Estlânsk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Šotimaa kuningriik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskoziako_Erresuma" title="Eskoziako Erresuma – Baskysk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskoziako Erresuma" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="پادشاهی اسکاتلند – Perzysk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پادشاهی اسکاتلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlannin_kuningaskunta" title="Skotlannin kuningaskunta – Finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Skotlannin kuningaskunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_d%27%C3%89cosse" title="Royaume d'Écosse – Frânsk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume d'Écosse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADocht_na_hAlban" title="Ríocht na hAlban – Iersk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríocht na hAlban" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ACoghachd_na_h-Alba" title="Rìoghachd na h-Alba – Schotsk Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Rìoghachd na h-Alba" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schotsk Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_de_Escocia" title="Reino de Escocia – Galisysk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reino de Escocia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reeriaght_ny_h-Albey" title="Reeriaght ny h-Albey – Manks" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Reeriaght ny h-Albey" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="ממלכת סקוטלנד – Hebreeuwsk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממלכת סקוטלנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuwsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="स्कॉट्लैण्ड राज्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्कॉट्लैण्ड राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Շոտլանդական թագավորություն – Armeensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շոտլանդական թագավորություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevina_%C5%A0kotska" title="Kraljevina Škotska – Kroatysk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kraljevina Škotska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B3t_Kir%C3%A1lys%C3%A1g" title="Skót Királyság – Hongaarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Skót Királyság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Skotlandia" title="Kerajaan Skotlandia – Yndonezysk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajaan Skotlandia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Yndonezysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rejio_Skotia" title="Rejio Skotia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rejio Skotia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konungsr%C3%ADki%C3%B0_Skotland" title="Konungsríkið Skotland – Yslâns" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Konungsríkið Skotland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslâns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_di_Scozia" title="Regno di Scozia – Italiaansk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno di Scozia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="スコットランド王国 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スコットランド王国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="შოტლანდიის სამეფო – Georgysk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შოტლანდიის სამეფო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Шотландия Патшалығы – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шотландия Патшалығы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94%ED%8B%80%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C_%EC%99%95%EA%B5%AD" title="스코틀랜드 왕국 – Koreaansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스코틀랜드 왕국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regn_de_Scozia" title="Regn de Scozia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Regn de Scozia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotijas_Karaliste" title="Skotijas Karaliste – Letlâns" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Skotijas Karaliste" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letlâns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_beraja_Scotland" title="Kerajaan beraja Scotland – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kerajaan beraja Scotland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkrijk_Schotland" title="Koninkrijk Schotland – Nederlânsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koninkrijk Schotland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਕਾਟਲੈਂਡ ਦੀ ਰਾਜਸ਼ਾਹੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਕਾਟਲੈਂਡ ਦੀ ਰਾਜਸ਼ਾਹੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_Szkocji" title="Królestwo Szkocji – Poalsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królestwo Szkocji" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%B9_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%AA" title="سکاٹ لینڈ بادشاہت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سکاٹ لینڈ بادشاہت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_da_Esc%C3%B3cia" title="Reino da Escócia – Portugeesk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reino da Escócia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugeesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regatul_Sco%C8%9Biei" title="Regatul Scoției – Roemeensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regatul Scoției" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Шотландское королевство – Russysk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шотландское королевство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinrick_o_Scotland" title="Kinrick o Scotland – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kinrick o Scotland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%BD_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AA" title="اسڪاٽ لينڊ جي بادشاهت – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اسڪاٽ لينڊ جي بادشاهت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevina_%C5%A0kotska" title="Kraljevina Škotska – Servokroatysk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kraljevina Škotska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servokroatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kingdom of Scotland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0k%C3%B3tske_kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovstvo" title="Škótske kráľovstvo – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Škótske kráľovstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Краљевина Шкотска – Servysk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Краљевина Шкотска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungariket_Skottland" title="Kungariket Skottland – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kungariket Skottland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இசுக்காட்லாந்து இராச்சியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுக்காட்லாந்து இராச்சியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ราชอาณาจักรสกอตแลนด์ – Thais" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชอาณาจักรสกอตแลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sko%C3%A7ya_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="İskoçya Krallığı – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İskoçya Krallığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eotlandi%C3%A4_pat%C5%9Fal%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Şotlandiä patşalığı – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Şotlandiä patşalığı" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Шотландське королівство – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шотландське королівство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%B9_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="مملکت سکاٹ لینڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مملکت سکاٹ لینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_de_Sc%C3%B2sia" title="Regno de Scòsia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Regno de Scòsia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Scotland" title="Vương quốc Scotland – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vương quốc Scotland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keunienkryk_Schotland" title="Keunienkryk Schotland – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Keunienkryk Schotland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="苏格兰王国 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏格兰王国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="苏格兰王国 – Sineesk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏格兰王国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sineesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="蘇格蘭王國 – Kantoneesk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇格蘭王國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%CD%98-kat-l%C3%A2n_%C3%94ng-kok" title="So͘-kat-lân Ông-kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="So͘-kat-lân Ông-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q230791#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Yntertaalkeppelings bewurkje" class="wbc-editpage">Keppelings bewurkje</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nammeromten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="De sideynhâld sjen litte [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oerlis:Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Oerlis oer de sideynhâld (noch net skreaun) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalfariant feroarje" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ut Wikipedy</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fy" dir="ltr"><table class="toccolours vatop infobox" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="float:right;width:300px;margin-left:0.5em;border: 1px solid #999999; color: #000; background-color: #f8f8f8; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="font-size: large;" bgcolor="#f8f8f8">Keninkryk Skotlân <br /> <small><i>Rhìoghachd na h-Alba</i> <small><small>(<a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a>)</small></small> <br /><i>Kinrick o Scotland</i> <small><small>(<a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a>)</small></small></small> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="font-size: large;" bgcolor="#f8f8f8"><small>843 – 1707</small> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #DCDCDC;">flagge </th> <th style="background-color: #DCDCDC;">wapen </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Flag_of_Scotland_(1542%E2%80%932003,_sky_blue).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Scotland_%281542%E2%80%932003%2C_sky_blue%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_Scotland_%281542%E2%80%932003%2C_sky_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Scotland_%281542%E2%80%932003%2C_sky_blue%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_Scotland_%281542%E2%80%932003%2C_sky_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Scotland_%281542%E2%80%932003%2C_sky_blue%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_Scotland_%281542%E2%80%932003%2C_sky_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg/60px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg/90px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg/120px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a>: <i><b>In My Defens God Me Defend</b></i> <br /><small>("Yn Myn Noed Sil My God Ferdigenje")</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #DCDCDC;">geografyske lokaasje </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Kingdom_of_Scotland.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kingdom_of_Scotland.PNG/250px-Kingdom_of_Scotland.PNG" decoding="async" width="250" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kingdom_of_Scotland.PNG/375px-Kingdom_of_Scotland.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kingdom_of_Scotland.PNG/500px-Kingdom_of_Scotland.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1218" data-file-height="1245" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #DCDCDC;">polityk </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Haadst%C3%AAd" title="Haadstêd">haadstêd</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Offisjele_taal" title="Offisjele taal">offisjele taal</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/743" title="743">743</a>-<a href="/wiki/1495" title="1495">1495</a>)</small> <br /><a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/1495" title="1495">1495</a>-<a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Steatsfoarm" title="Steatsfoarm">steatsfoarm</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Keninkryk" class="mw-redirect" title="Keninkryk">keninkryk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/List_fan_lannen_en_gebieten" class="mw-redirect" title="List fan lannen en gebieten">ûntstien út</a></b> </td> <td>● <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Dalriada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keninkryk Dalriada (noch net skreaun)">Keninkryk Dalriada</a><br /> ● <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Gallowegen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keninkryk Gallowegen (noch net skreaun)">Keninkryk Gallowegen</a><br />● <a href="/wiki/Pikten" title="Pikten">Keninkryk f.d. Pikten</a><br /> ● <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Strathclyde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keninkryk Strathclyde (noch net skreaun)">Keninkryk Strathclyde</a><br /> ● <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Noardumbrje" title="Keninkryk Noardumbrje">Keninkryk Noardumbrje</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/List_fan_lannen_en_gebieten" class="mw-redirect" title="List fan lannen en gebieten">opgien yn</a></b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Flag_of_Great_Britain_(1707%E2%80%931800).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Grut-Brittanje" title="Keninkryk Grut-Brittanje">Keninkryk Grut-Brittanje</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><b><a href="/wiki/List_fan_lannen_en_territoaria" title="List fan lannen en territoaria">no diel fan</a></b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> it <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Keninkryk" title="Feriene Keninkryk">Feriene Keninkryk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #DCDCDC;">sifers </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><b><a href="/wiki/Befolking" title="Befolking">ynwennertal</a></b></td> <td>   500.000 <small>(1500)</small> <br /> 1.235.000 <small>(1700)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><b><a href="/wiki/Befolkingstichtens" title="Befolkingstichtens">befolkingstichtens</a></b></td> <td>6,4 / km² <small>(1500)</small> <br /> 15,8 / km² <small>(1700)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><b><a href="/wiki/Oerflak" title="Oerflak">oerflak</a></b></td> <td>78.387 / km² <small>(fan ôf 1472)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #DCDCDC;">bykommende ynformaasje </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><b><a href="/wiki/Muntienheid" title="Muntienheid">muntienheid</a></b></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotsk_p%C3%BBn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotsk pûn (noch net skreaun)">Skotsk pûn</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>It <b>Keninkryk Skotlân</b> (<a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a>: <i>Rhìoghachd na h-Alba</i>; <a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a>: <i>Kinrick o Scotland</i>) wie in ûnôfhinklike <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A2n" title="Lân">steat</a> yn <a href="/wiki/Noardwest-Jeropa" title="Noardwest-Jeropa">Noardwest-Jeropa</a> dy't neffens de tradysje stifte wie yn <a href="/wiki/843" title="843">843</a>. Yn 't earstoan wie dit lân beheind ta in diel fan it tsjintwurdige <a href="/wiki/Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Skotlân">Skotlân</a>, mar meitiid wreide it him fierder út oant it yn <a href="/wiki/1472" title="1472">1472</a>, mei de <a href="/wiki/Anneksaasje" title="Anneksaasje">anneksaasje</a> fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a>, de foarm fan it hjoeddeistige Skotlân berikte. Yn <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> gie it Keninkryk Skotlân mei syn súdlike buorsteat, it <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Keninkryk Ingelân">Keninkryk Ingelân</a>, op yn it feriene <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Grut-Brittanje" title="Keninkryk Grut-Brittanje">Keninkryk Grut-Brittanje</a>, dat him yn <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a>, troch de tafoeging fan <a href="/wiki/Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Ierlân">Ierlân</a>, ûntjaan soe ta it <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Keninkryk" title="Feriene Keninkryk">Feriene Keninkryk</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Dielside bewurkje: Etymology" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Etymology"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De namme "Skotlân" is ôfkomstich fan it wurd <i>Scoti</i>, de <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latynske</a> namme foar de <a href="/wiki/Gaelyske_talen" title="Gaelyske talen">Gaelen</a> (de <a href="/wiki/Kelten" title="Kelten">Kelten</a> yn it noardwesten fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Britske_Eilannen" title="Britske Eilannen">Britske Eilannen</a>, dêr't behalven de <a href="/wiki/Skotten" title="Skotten">Skotten</a> ek de <a href="/wiki/Ieren_(folk)" title="Ieren (folk)">Ieren</a> en de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manksen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manksen (noch net skreaun)">Manksen</a> ta hearre). Hoewol't de Latynske term <i>Scotia</i> oarspronklik in oantsjutting foar <a href="/wiki/Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Ierlân">Ierlân</a> wie, kaam de namme troch de Gaelyske ferovering fan westlik Skotlân, yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Sechsde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Sechsde iuw">sechsde iuw</a>, op dat gebiet te slaan. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG/250px-Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG/375px-Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG/500px-Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2404" /></a><figcaption>It <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kastiel_fan_Edinburch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kastiel fan Edinburch (noch net skreaun)">Kastiel fan Edinburch</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografy">Geografy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Dielside bewurkje: Geografy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Geografy"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It Keninkryk Skotlân besloech (úteinlik) it noardlike trêdepart fan it <a href="/wiki/Eil%C3%A2n" title="Eilân">eilân</a> <a href="/wiki/Grut-Brittanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Grut-Brittanje">Grut-Brittanje</a>, dat foar de kust fan <a href="/wiki/Noardwest-Jeropa" title="Noardwest-Jeropa">Noardwest-Jeropa</a> yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Atlantyske_Oseaan" title="Atlantyske Oseaan">Atlantyske Oseaan</a> leit en ta de <a href="/wiki/Britske_Eilannen" title="Britske Eilannen">Britske Eilannen</a> heart. Nei de <a href="/wiki/Anneksaasje" title="Anneksaasje">anneksaasje</a> fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/1472" title="1472">1472</a>, hie it <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk" class="mw-redirect" title="Keninkryk">keninkryk</a> in totaal <a href="/wiki/Oerflak" title="Oerflak">oerflak</a> fan 78.387 km², wêrfan't 1,9% út <a href="/wiki/Wetter" title="Wetter">wetter</a> bestie. De iennichste lângrins fan it Keninkryk Skotlân wie dy mei it <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Keninkryk Ingelân">Keninkryk Ingelân</a>, dy't yn it suden oer in ôfstân fan 96 km út it súdwesten nei it noardeasten rûn, fan kust nei kust. Oan alle oare kanten waard it Keninkryk Skotlân troch <a href="/wiki/See" title="See">see</a> omjûn: yn it easten en noardeasten troch de <a href="/wiki/Noardsee" title="Noardsee">Noardsee</a>, yn it noarden en westen troch de iepen <a href="/wiki/Atlantyske_Oseaan" title="Atlantyske Oseaan">Atlantyske Oseaan</a>, en yn it súdwesten troch de <a href="/wiki/Ierske_See" title="Ierske See">Ierske See</a> en it <a href="/wiki/Noarderkanaal_(Britske_Eilannen)" title="Noarderkanaal (Britske Eilannen)">Noarderkanaal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skiednis">Skiednis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Dielside bewurkje: Skiednis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Skiednis"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Midsiuwen" title="Midsiuwen">Midsiuwen</a> ûntjoech Skotlân him ta in grienmank fan <a href="/wiki/Folk" title="Folk">folken</a> en riken. It noarden en noardeasten fan it lân waard bewenne troch de <a href="/wiki/Pikten" title="Pikten">Pikten</a>, in folk fan ûndúdlik komôf, hoewol't it tsjintwurdich wierskynlik achte wurdt dat hja ôfstammen fan 'e earste weach fan <a href="/wiki/Kelten" title="Kelten">Keltyske</a> lânferhuzers dy't yn it <a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAste_milennium_f.Kr." class="mw-redirect" title="Lêste milennium f.Kr.">lêste milennium f.Kr.</a> fan it fêstelân fan <a href="/wiki/Jeropa" title="Jeropa">Jeropa</a> oerstiek nei de <a href="/wiki/Britske_Eilannen" title="Britske Eilannen">Britske Eilannen</a> en him dêr fermong mei de dêr al tahâldende <a href="/wiki/Pre-Yndo-Jeropeeske_talen" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Yndo-Jeropeeske talen">Pre-Yndo-Jeropeeske</a> bewenners. It <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAdskotsk_Berchl%C3%A2n" title="Súdskotsk Berchlân">Súdskotsk Berchlân</a> en it grutste part fan it leechlân waard al foarôfgeande oan 'e <a href="/wiki/Romeinske_Tiid" class="mw-redirect" title="Romeinske Tiid">Romeinske Tiid</a> bewenne troch <a href="/wiki/Brytoanyske_talen" title="Brytoanyske talen">Brytoanyske</a> Kelten. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:History-kenneth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/History-kenneth.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_I_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Kenneth I fan Skotlân">Kenneth MacAlpin</a>, neffens de tradysje de earste <a href="/wiki/Kening_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Kening fan Skotlân">kening fan Skotlân</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Fierders setten omtrint <a href="/wiki/500" title="500">500</a> de earste <a href="/wiki/Gaelen" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaelen">Gaelen</a> (of Skotten) út <a href="/wiki/Ierl%C3%A2n_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Ierlân (eilân)">Ierlân</a> har nei wenjen oan 'e Skotske westkust, wylst yn 'e <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A2nde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Sânde iuw">sânde iuw</a> de <a href="/wiki/Germaanske_talen" title="Germaanske talen">Germaanske</a> <a href="/wiki/Angelen" title="Angelen">Angelen</a> út harren keninkryk <a href="/wiki/Noardumbrje_(keninkryk)" class="mw-redirect" title="Noardumbrje (keninkryk)">Noardumbrje</a> wei nei it noarden opteagen en súdeastlik Skotlân besetten. As lêsten arrivearren fan likernôch <a href="/wiki/800" title="800">800</a> ôf de <a href="/wiki/Skandinaavje" title="Skandinaavje">Skandinavyske</a> <a href="/wiki/Wytsingen" title="Wytsingen">Wytsingen</a>, benammen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noaren_(folk)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noaren (folk) (noch net skreaun)">Noaren</a>, dy't har yn it uterste noarden fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Heechlannen" title="Skotske Heechlannen">Skotske Heechlannen</a> (it skiereilân <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caithness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caithness (noch net skreaun)">Caithness</a>) en op 'e <a href="/wiki/Hebriden" title="Hebriden">Hebriden</a> nei wenjen setten. Op 'e <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a> waard de oarspronklike Piktyske befolking folslein troch de Noarske kolonisten assimilearre, mar dy beide eilannegroepen foelen yn dy tiid ûnder de Noarske Kroan, en waarden hielendal net ta Skotlân rekkene. </p><p>As de berte fan it Keninkryk Skotlân wurdt ornaris de kroaning beskôge, yn <a href="/wiki/843" title="843">843</a>, fan <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_MacAlpin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth MacAlpin">Kenneth MacAlpin</a> ta kening fan Piktlân, al moat it wiere ûntstean fan it nije lân wierskynlik inkele <a href="/wiki/Generaasje" title="Generaasje">generaasjes</a> letter pleatst wurde. Op dat barren folge in stadige ekspânsje fan it mienskiplike keninkryk fan 'e Pikten en de Gaelen, dat tsjin 'e <a href="/wiki/Alfde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfde iuw">alfde iuw</a> "Skotlân" kaam te hjitten. Yn <a href="/wiki/1124" title="1124">1124</a> waard it Brytoanyske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Strathclyde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keninkryk Strathclyde (noch net skreaun)">Keninkryk Strathclyde</a> ta Skotlân foege, en teffens <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothian (noch net skreaun)">Lothian</a>, yn it súdeasten, dat oant dy tiid yn <a href="/wiki/Angelsaksen" title="Angelsaksen">Angelsaksyske</a> hannen west hie. Dy opskowing fan 'e grins yn súdlik rjochting waard yn <a href="/wiki/1137" title="1137">1137</a> befêstige mei it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_York&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan York (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan York</a>. Mei de komst fan in feriene keninkryk ûntstie ek in proses wêrby't Skotlân omtrint de <a href="/wiki/Tolfde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolfde iuw">tolfde iuw</a>, benammen ûnder it <a href="/wiki/Regear" title="Regear">regear</a> fan kening <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_I_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David I fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">David I</a>, stadichoan begûn te <a href="/wiki/Feodalisme" title="Feodalisme">feodalisearjen</a>, in ûntwikkeling dy't allinnich mar fuortsterke waard troch de ymmigraasje fan <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Anglo</a>-<a href="/wiki/Normandje" title="Normandje">Normandyske</a> <a href="/wiki/Ealju" class="mw-redirect" title="Ealju">ealju</a> út <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Ingelân</a> en <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frankryk</a> wei. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:William_Wallace_Statue_,_Aberdeen2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg/250px-William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg/375px-William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg/500px-William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2539" data-file-height="1869" /></a><figcaption>It stânbyld fan 'e Skotske frijheidsstrider <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace" title="William Wallace">William Wallace</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yn 'e jierren <a href="/wiki/1234" title="1234">1234</a> en <a href="/wiki/1235" title="1235">1235</a> folge de ynkorporaasje fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallowegen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallowegen (noch net skreaun)">Gallowegen</a>, yn it súdwesten, en nei't kening <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_III_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Aleksander III fan Skotlân">Aleksander III</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1263" title="1263">1263</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haakon_IV_fan_Noarwegen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haakon IV fan Noarwegen (noch net skreaun)">Haakon IV fan Noarwegen</a> yn it ramt fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotsk-Noarske_Oarloch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotsk-Noarske Oarloch (noch net skreaun)">Skotsk-Noarske Oarloch</a> ferslein hie yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Largs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Largs (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Largs</a>, koene by it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_Perth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan Perth (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan Perth</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/1266" title="1266">1266</a>, ek Caithness, de Hebriden en it eilân <a href="/wiki/Man_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Man (eilân)">Man</a> oan Skotlân tafoege wurde (hoewol't Man letter wer ferlern gie). Nei it ferstjerren fan Aleksander III, yn <a href="/wiki/1286" title="1286">1286</a>, fjouwer jier letter folge troch de dea fan syn <a href="/wiki/Erfdochter" title="Erfdochter">iennichste erfgenamte</a>, syn <a href="/wiki/Pakesizzer" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakesizzer">pakesizzer</a> <a href="/wiki/Margareta_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Margareta fan Skotlân">Margareta</a>, byneamd de 'Faam fan Noarwegen', ûntstie der in krisis yn Skotlân wêrby't de troan foarearst leech bleau en it lân bestjoerd waard troch in stikmannich saneamde <a href="/wiki/Beskermhear_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Beskermhear fan Skotlân">beskermhearen</a>. </p><p>Dat machtsfakuum bea in iepening foar kening <a href="/wiki/Edwert_I_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Edwert I fan Ingelân">Edwert I fan Ingelân</a> om syn ynfloed yn Skotlân út te wreidzjen, temear om't him troch de Skotten frege waard om as skiedsrjochter te fungearjen tusken de ferskate troanpretendinten. By dy saneamde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Cause&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Cause (noch net skreaun)">Grutte Kwestje</a>, waard op oanstean fan Edwert yn <a href="/wiki/1292" title="1292">1292</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jan fan Balliol</a>, byneamd Jan Leechmantel, te <a href="/wiki/Berwick-upon-Tweed" title="Berwick-upon-Tweed">Berwick-upon-Tweed</a> ta kening kroane. Dêrby betong Edwert dat hysels troch de Skotten erkend waard as "alderheechste hear" (<i>Lord Paramount</i>) fan Skotlân, wat derop delkaam dat hy, as kening fan Ingelân, tenei de <a href="/wiki/Lienhear" class="mw-redirect" title="Lienhear">lienhear</a> fan 'e kening fan Skotlân wie. Dêrmei ûndermine er daliks elts gesach dat de nije kening hawwe kinnen hie en makke er Jan ta in soarte fan Ingelsk <a href="/wiki/Lienman" class="mw-redirect" title="Lienman">fazal</a>. </p><p>Twa jier letter, yn <a href="/wiki/1294" title="1294">1294</a>, easke Edwert fan 'e Skotske kening en eallju dat se yn it Ingelske leger tsjinje soene, dat op it fêstelân fan <a href="/wiki/Jeropa" title="Jeropa">Jeropa</a> tsjin 'e <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frânsen</a> focht. Dat gie sels Jan te fier, en ynstee fan oan Edwert syn easken te foldwaan, sleaten de Skotten doe in bûnsgenoatskip mei de Frankryk, de saneamde <i><a href="/wiki/Auld_Alliance" title="Auld Alliance">Auld Alliance</a></i> ("Alde Alliânsje"), dy't fan <a href="/wiki/1295" title="1295">1295</a> oant <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a> duorje soe. Edwert die dêrop in ynfal yn Skotlân, sette Jan fan Balliol ôf en griep sels de macht yn it lân. Dat late ta de saneamde <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Un%C3%B4fhinklikheidsoarloggen" title="Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloggen">Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloggen</a>, wêrby't <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9as_fan_Moray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andréas fan Moray (noch net skreaun)">Andréas fan Moray</a> en <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace" title="William Wallace">William Wallace</a> as de wichtichste lieders fan it Skotske ferset tsjin 'e Ingelske oerhearsking nei foarren kamen. Hja fersloegen de Ingelsen yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Stirling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Stirling (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Stirling</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/1297" title="1297">1297</a>, mar litten it jiers dêrop in slimmen nederlaach yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Falkirk_(1298)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Falkirk (1298) (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Falkirk</a>. Hoewol't Wallace úteinlik troch <a href="/wiki/Ferrie" title="Ferrie">ferrie</a> yn Ingelske hannen foel en yn <a href="/wiki/1305" title="1305">1305</a> op in <a href="/wiki/Londen" title="Londen">Londensk</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skavot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skavot (noch net skreaun)">skavot</a> einige, wie dat net de ein fan 'e striid, sa't Edwert hope hie. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Stirling_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stirling_Bridge.jpg/250px-Stirling_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stirling_Bridge.jpg/375px-Stirling_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stirling_Bridge.jpg/500px-Stirling_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>De brêge fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stirling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stirling (noch net skreaun)">Stirling</a>, it toaniel fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Stirling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Stirling (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Stirling</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1297" title="1297">1297</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Want yn <a href="/wiki/1306" title="1306">1306</a> <a href="/wiki/Moard" title="Moard">fermoarde</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert de Bruce">Robert fan Bruce, greve fan Carrick</a>, ien fan 'e wichtichste Skotske troanpretendinten, yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Greyfriars_Kirk_(Dumfries)" title="Greyfriars Kirk (Dumfries)">Greyfriars Kirk</a> yn <a href="/wiki/Dumfries" title="Dumfries">Dumfries</a> syn foarnaamste rivaal, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_III_fan_Comyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan III fan Comyn (noch net skreaun)">Jan III fan Comyn, hear fan Badenoch</a>. Minder as sân wiken letter waard Bruce ta kening fan Skotlân kroane. As Robert I wraksele er dêrnei mear as tweintich jier lang, earst om 'e ûnôfhinklikheid fan syn heitelân werom te winnen, en dêrnei om dy ûnôfhinklikheid feilich te stellen foar de takomst. Mei de oerwinning oer de Ingelsen yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Bannockburn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Bannockburn (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Bannockburn</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/1314" title="1314">1314</a>, bewiisden de Skotten dat se wer baas yn eigen hûs wiene. It jiers dêrop waard Robert syn broer <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bruce_(hege_kening_fan_Ierl%C3%A2n)" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Bruce (hege kening fan Ierlân)">Edwert fan Bruce</a> ta <a href="/wiki/Hege_kening_fan_Ierl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Hege kening fan Ierlân">hege kening fan Ierlân</a> kroane ûnder de koartduorjende Skotske ynfaazje fan dat troch de Ingelsen bestjoerde eilân. Yn <a href="/wiki/1320" title="1320">1320</a> liet Robert de <a href="/wiki/Ferklearring_fan_Arbroath" title="Ferklearring fan Arbroath">Ferklearring fan Arbroath</a> ôfkundigje, wrâlds earste dokumintearre <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Bn%C3%B4fhinklikheidsferklearring" class="mw-redirect" title="Ûnôfhinklikheidsferklearring">ûnôfhinklikheidsferklearring</a>. Doe't dy de stipe krige fan <a href="/wiki/Paus" title="Paus">paus</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jehannes_XXII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jehannes XXII (noch net skreaun)">Jehannes XXII</a>, moast ek de <a href="/wiki/Ingelske_Kroan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingelske Kroan">Ingelske Kroan</a> him úteinlik by in selsstannich Skotlân dellizze en kaam yn <a href="/wiki/1328" title="1328">1328</a> de <a href="/wiki/Earste_Skotske_Un%C3%B4fhinklikheidsoarloch" title="Earste Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloch">Earste Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloch</a> ta in ein mei de <a href="/wiki/Frede_fan_Edinburch-Northampton" title="Frede fan Edinburch-Northampton">Frede fan Edinburch-Northampton</a>. </p><p>Nettsjinsteande dat holden de beide Britske keninkriken noch iuwenlang in muoisume en by fleagen fijannige relaasje. Fan <a href="/wiki/1332" title="1332">1332</a> ôf soarge de <a href="/wiki/Twadde_Skotske_Un%C3%B4fhinklikheidsoarloch" title="Twadde Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloch">Twadde Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloch</a> foar in werhelling fan setten, wêrby't hiel it lân earste troch de Ingelsen en harren Skotske meistanners oerweldige rekke, mar neitiid mei Frânske stipe wer weromwûn waard. Dêrnjonken late de bittere rivaliteit tusken de <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BBs_Bruce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hûs Bruce (noch net skreaun)">Bruce-dynasty</a> en de Comyn/Balliol-famylje ta ynterne rebûlje yn Skotlân en sels ta in <a href="/wiki/Boargeroarloch" title="Boargeroarloch">boargeroarloch</a> dy't oant de midden fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Fjirtjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Fjirtjinde iuw">fjirtjinde iuw</a> oanhold. Hoewol't de Bruce-dynasty de winner yn dy striid waard, feroarsake it brekme oan manlike erfgenamten fan kening <a href="/wiki/David_II_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="David II fan Skotlân">David II</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1371" title="1371">1371</a> dat mei syn <a href="/wiki/Omkesizzer" class="mw-redirect" title="Omkesizzer">omkesizzer</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_II_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert II fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Robert II</a> it <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BBs_Stuart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hûs Stuart (noch net skreaun)">Hûs Stuart</a> op 'e troan kaam. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg/200px-MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg/300px-MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg/400px-MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1323" data-file-height="1974" /></a><figcaption>It stânbyld fan <a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert de Bruce">Robert de Bruce</a> op it slachfjild fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Bannockburn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Bannockburn (noch net skreaun)">Bannockburn</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>De Stuarts (eins: Stewarts) hearsken dêrnei oant de <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%AAss%C3%A2nse" title="Renêssânse">Renêssânse</a> oer Skotlân, en ûnder harren bewâld makke it lân in gruttere woltier troch as ea tefoaren, nettsjinsteande de oanhâldende konfrontaasjes mei Ingelân en de swierrichheden dy't feroarsake waarden troch de almar djippere <a href="/wiki/Kultuer" title="Kultuer">kulturele</a> kleau tusken it leechlân en de <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Heechlannen" title="Skotske Heechlannen">Heechlannen</a>. It wie yn dy snuorje dat it de Skotten yn <a href="/wiki/1472" title="1472">1472</a> einlings slagge om 'e <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en de <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a> los te weakjen fan <a href="/wiki/Noarwegen" title="Noarwegen">Noarwegen</a>, al gie yn it uterste súdeasten de stêd <a href="/wiki/Berwick-upon-Tweed" title="Berwick-upon-Tweed">Berwick-upon-Tweed</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1482" title="1482">1482</a> foargoed ferlern oan Ingelân. </p><p>Yn <a href="/wiki/1502" title="1502">1502</a> tekene <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobus_IV_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobus IV fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jakobus IV fan Skotlân</a> it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_Ivige_Frede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan Ivige Frede (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan Ivige Frede</a> mei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindrik_VII_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindrik VII fan Ingelân (noch net skreaun)">Hindrik VII fan Ingelân</a>. Om dat te besegeljen naam er Hindrik syn <a href="/wiki/Dochter" title="Dochter">dochter</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Margareta_Tudor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margareta Tudor (noch net skreaun)">Margareta Tudor</a> ta <a href="/wiki/Oarehelte" title="Oarehelte">frou</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Houlik" title="Houlik">houlik</a> dat late ta in <a href="/wiki/Famylje" title="Famylje">famyljebân</a> tusken de <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BBs_Tudor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hûs Tudor (noch net skreaun)">Tudors</a> fan Ingelân en de Stuarts fan Skotlân. In goede tsien jier letter, yn <a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a>, waard Jakobus troch omstannichheden, de ferbûnsferplichtings mei Frankryk en Ingelske agresje twongen en doch in ynfal yn noardlik Ingelân, mar de ekspedysje draaide út op in fiasko, en it Skotske <a href="/wiki/Leger_(l%C3%A2nmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leger (lânmacht)">leger</a> waard ferneatigjend ferslein yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Flodden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Flodden (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Flodden</a>, dêr't Jakobus IV op it slachfjild sneuvele. Syn <a href="/wiki/Soan" title="Soan">soan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobus_V_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobus V fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jakobus V</a>, stoar yn <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a> sûnder manlike opfolgers, sadat syn dochter <a href="/wiki/Marije_I_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Marije I fan Skotlân">Marije Stuart</a> op 'e troan kaam as <a href="/wiki/Keninginne" class="mw-redirect" title="Keninginne">keninginne</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Suo_jure" title="Suo jure">suo jure</a></i>. Yn <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a> moast Skotlân ûnder Ingelske druk by it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_Edinburch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan Edinburch (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan Edinburch</a> de <i><a href="/wiki/Auld_Alliance" title="Auld Alliance">Auld Alliance</a></i> mei Frankryk beëinigje. </p><p>Datselde jiers, <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>, fierde Skotlân de troch de <a href="/wiki/Tsjerkeherfoarmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsjerkeherfoarmer">tsjerkeherfoarmer</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a> beïvere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_Reformaasje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske Reformaasje (noch net skreaun)">Reformaasje</a> troch en waard it sadwaande in <a href="/wiki/Kalvinisme" title="Kalvinisme">kalvinistysk</a> lân. Dat late ta nije ynterne striid, mei't de yn Frankryk <a href="/wiki/Roomsk-katolisisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Roomsk-katolisisme">goedroomsk</a> grutbrochte Marije der neat fan witte woe om nei it <a href="/wiki/Protestantisme" title="Protestantisme">protestantisme</a> oer te gean. Yn in barbaarske boargeroarloch waarden de oanhingers fan 'e keninginne lytsman makke, en Marije sels waard yn <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a> ôfset, wêrnei't Skotlân regearre waard troch in rige <a href="/wiki/Regint" title="Regint">reginten</a> foar har jonge soan <a href="/wiki/Jakobus_VI_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakobus VI fan Skotlân">Jakobus VI</a> yn 't plak. Nei in mislearre besykjen om 'e troan werom te winnen, flechte Marije de grins mei Ingelân oer, dêr't se troch har <a href="/wiki/Efternicht" class="mw-redirect" title="Efternicht">efternicht</a> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Elizabeth I fan Ingelân">Elizabeth I</a> krapoan tweintich jier lang finzen holden waard, oant har <a href="/wiki/Eksek%C3%BAsje" class="mw-redirect" title="Eksekúsje">eksekúsje</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1587" title="1587">1587</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_(1618-1620).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg/170px-Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg/255px-Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg/340px-Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="3394" /></a><figcaption>Kening <a href="/wiki/Jakobus_VI_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakobus VI fan Skotlân">Jakobus VI fan Skotlân</a>, dy't as Jakobus I ek op 'e Ingelske troan kaam.</figcaption></figure> <p>Doe't mei Elizabeth yn <a href="/wiki/1603" title="1603">1603</a> it Hûs Tudor útstoar, waard Jakobus VI fan Skotlân as har neiste famyljelid har erfgenamt, en kaam er as <a href="/wiki/Jakobus_I_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Jakobus I fan Ingelân">Jakobus I</a> op 'e Ingelske troan. Sadwaande waarden Skotlân, Ingelân en ek Ierlân doe feriene yn in <a href="/wiki/Personele_uny" title="Personele uny">personele uny</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Uny_fan_de_Kroanen" title="Uny fan de Kroanen">Uny fan de Kroanen</a>, mei ien en deselde kening oan it bewâld. Hoewol't it lân tenei fierhinne út it Ingelske <a href="/wiki/Londen" title="Londen">Londen</a> wei regearre waard, bleau Skotlân lykwols noch in iuw lang yn namme in selsstannich lân, útsein ûnder de koarte perioade fan it <a href="/wiki/Protektoraat_(Grut-Brittanje)" class="mw-redirect" title="Protektoraat (Grut-Brittanje)">Protektoraat</a> (<a href="/wiki/1657" title="1657">1657</a>-<a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a>) en it dêropfoljgende <a href="/wiki/Mieneb%C3%AAst_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n,_Skotl%C3%A2n_en_Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Mienebêst fan Ingelân, Skotlân en Ierlân">Mienebêst fan Ingelân, Skotlân en Ierlân</a> (<a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a>-<a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>), doe't <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Ingelske_Republyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingelske Republyk">Ingelske republikeinen</a> de Britske Eilannen ta ien steat ferienen. </p><p>Pas yn <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> waard mei it <a href="/wiki/Ferdrach_fan_de_Uny" title="Ferdrach fan de Uny">Ferdrach fan de Uny</a> en de beide (Ingelske en Skotske) <a href="/wiki/Wetten_op_de_Uny" class="mw-redirect" title="Wetten op de Uny">Wetten op de Uny</a> it feriene <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Grut-Brittanje" title="Keninkryk Grut-Brittanje">Keninkryk Grut-Brittanje</a> skepen, mei ien <a href="/wiki/Parlemint" title="Parlemint">parlemint</a> en ien <a href="/wiki/Regear" title="Regear">regear</a> (allebeide yn Londen). Dat barde nei it jammerdearlik ferrûne besykjen om in Skotske <a href="/wiki/Koloanje" title="Koloanje">koloanje</a> te stiftsjen yn wat no <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> is, dêr't nei't sein wurdt frijwol alle grûnbesitters yn Skotlân jild yn stutsen hiene. It <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bankrot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bankrot (noch net skreaun)">bankrot</a> fan 'e Skotske elite, dat dêr it gefolch fan wie, die in protte om sokken derfan te oertsjûgjen dat de uny mei Ingelân in goed ding wie (foar de miening fan it gewoane folk hie doedestiden nimmen belangstelling), en Ingelske drigeminten dat der oarloch komme soe as de Skotten net omlyk woene, beklonken de kwestje. Hoewol't der neitiid, yn <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>, <a href="/wiki/1719" title="1719">1719</a> en <a href="/wiki/1745" title="1745">1745</a> noch <a href="/wiki/Opst%C3%A2n" title="Opstân">opstannen</a> yn Skotlân plakfûnen, waarden dy yn bloed smoard en wie Skotlân syn selsstannichheid foargoed kwyt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bestjoer">Bestjoer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Dielside bewurkje: Bestjoer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bestjoer"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Union_Jack_1606_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Union_Jack_1606_Scotland.svg/170px-Union_Jack_1606_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Union_Jack_1606_Scotland.svg/255px-Union_Jack_1606_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Union_Jack_1606_Scotland.svg/340px-Union_Jack_1606_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>De foarm fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Jack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union Jack (noch net skreaun)">Union Jack</a> dy't tusken <a href="/wiki/1606" title="1606">1606</a> en <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> yn Skotlân brûkt waard, mei it Skotske wite skeankrús oer it Ingelske reade steande krús hinne ynstee fan oarsom.</figcaption></figure> <p>It Keninkryk Skotlân wie in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Absolutisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Absolutisme (noch net skreaun)">absolute</a> <a href="/wiki/Monargy" title="Monargy">monargy</a> mei yn 'e regel in <a href="/wiki/Kening" title="Kening">kening</a> oan it haad dy't oant <a href="/wiki/1296" title="1296">1296</a> kroane waard mei in formele seremoanje by de <a href="/wiki/Stien_fan_Scone" title="Stien fan Scone">Stien fan Scone</a>. Yn twa gefallen wie der in <a href="/wiki/Keninginne" class="mw-redirect" title="Keninginne">keninginne</a> dy't <a href="/wiki/Suo_jure" title="Suo jure">út eigen rjocht regearre</a>, nammentlik <a href="/wiki/Margareta_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Margareta fan Skotlân">Margereta</a> (<a href="/wiki/1286" title="1286">1286</a>-<a href="/wiki/1290" title="1290">1290</a>) (hoewol't dy har regear omstriden is om't se <a href="/wiki/Minderjierrigens" class="mw-redirect" title="Minderjierrigens">minderjierrich</a> wie en nea foet op Skotske boaiem sette), en <a href="/wiki/Marije_I_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Marije I fan Skotlân">Marije I</a> (<a href="/wiki/1542" title="1542">1542</a>-<a href="/wiki/1587" title="1587">1587</a>). </p><p>Hoewol't der fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Sechstjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Sechstjinde iuw">sechstjinde iuw</a> ôf ivere waard foar de ynfiering fan in <a href="/wiki/Konstit%C3%BAsje" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstitúsje">konstitúsjonele</a> <a href="/wiki/Monargy" title="Monargy">monargy</a>, waard dat altyd tsjinholden troch de <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Kroan" class="mw-redirect" title="Skotske Kroan">Skotske Kroan</a>. De Kroan bleau ek oan 'e ein ta de ferienjende macht yn it keninkryk, nettsjinsteande it grutte oantal monargen dat minderjierrich op 'e troan kaam en dêr't in <a href="/wiki/Regint" title="Regint">regint</a> foar oanwiisd wurde moast. It <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parlemint_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parlemint fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Parlemint fan Skotlân</a> wie yn prinsipe de autoriteit op it mêd fan <a href="/wiki/Wet" title="Wet">wetjouwing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belesting" title="Belesting">belestingheffing</a> en algemien belied, mar it waard gauris oan 'e kant set troch de Kroan, en nei de feriening mei Ingelân waard it yn <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> opheft. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografy">Demografy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Dielside bewurkje: Demografy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Demografy"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Der wurdt rûsd, op basis fan it beskikbere <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A2nbou" title="Lânbou">lânbou</a>-<a href="/wiki/Areaal" class="mw-redirect" title="Areaal">areaal</a>, dat de <a href="/wiki/Befolking" title="Befolking">befolking</a> fan it Keninkryk Skotlân tusken syn stifting yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Njoggende_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Njoggende iuw">njoggende iuw</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Swarte_Dea" title="Swarte Dea">Swarte Dea</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Pest" title="Pest">pestepidemy</a> dy't it lân yn <a href="/wiki/1349" title="1349">1349</a> trof, oanwoeksen wie fan likernôch 500.000 ta ien miljoen. Hoewol't der gjin betroubere dokumintaasje foarhâns is oer de ynfloed dy't de pest op 'e befolkingsgrutte hie, besteane der withoefolle <a href="/wiki/Anekdoate" title="Anekdoate">anekdotale</a> ferwizings nei lânbougrûn dy't yn 'e desennia nei <a href="/wiki/1349" title="1349">1349</a> ûnbrûk rekke. As it patroan fan 'e Swarte Dea yn Skotlân oerienkomt mei dat yn Ingelân, is de befolkingsgrutte nei gedachten weromrûn oant 500.000 oan 'e ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Fjirtjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Fjirtjinde iuw">fjirtjinde iuw</a>. </p><p>Sadwaande moat it Keninkryk Skotlân om <a href="/wiki/1500" title="1500">1500</a> hinne dus likernôch in heal miljoen ynwenners hân hawwe, dy't frij lykmjittich oer it lân ferspraat wennen, mei sa'n 250.000 benoarden de <a href="/wiki/Rivier" title="Rivier">rivier</a> de <a href="/wiki/Tay_(rivier)" title="Tay (rivier)">Tay</a> en in selde oantal súdlik dêrfan. De hjoeddeiske konsintraasje fan 'e Skotske befolking yn 'e <a href="/wiki/St%C3%AAd" title="Stêd">stêden</a> fan it leechlân ûntstie pas ûnder de <a href="/wiki/Yndustri%C3%ABle_Revol%C3%BAsje" title="Yndustriële Revolúsje">Yndustriële Revolúsje</a>, doe't der in grutte <a href="/wiki/Urbanisaasje" title="Urbanisaasje">urbanisaasje</a> plakfûn. Omtrint <a href="/wiki/1500" title="1500">1500</a> wenne miskien 10% fan 'e Skotten yn in ommuorre stêd. De grutste fan dy stêden, de haadstêd <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a>, hie tsjin 'e ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Midsiuwen" title="Midsiuwen">Midsiuwen</a> in ynwennertal fan mar justjes mear as 10.000 minsken. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Priisynflaasje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Priisynflaasje (noch net skreaun)">Priisynflaasje</a>, in ferskynsel dat doedestiden ornaris fuortkaam út in groeiende fraach nei <a href="/wiki/Iten" title="Iten">iten</a>, suggerearret dat de befolking fan it keninkryk yn 'e earste helte fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Sechstjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Sechstjinde iuw">sechstjinde iuw</a> sterk oanwoeks. Nei de <a href="/wiki/Hongersneed" title="Hongersneed">hongersneed</a> fan <a href="/wiki/1595" title="1595">1595</a> moat de befolkingsgroei lykwols frijwat belune wêze, mei't de prizen yn 'e iere <a href="/wiki/Santjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Santjinde iuw">santjinde iuw</a> relatyf stabyl bleaune. Berekkenings op basis fan 'e hefte belestings yn <a href="/wiki/1691" title="1691">1691</a> hawwe in befolkingsgrutte fan 1.234.575 opsmiten, al moat dêrby oantekene wurde dat der letter yn 'e <a href="/wiki/1690" title="1690">1690</a>-er jierren ferskate hongersneden plakfûnen dy't dat oantal sterk beynfloede hawwe kinne. Tsjin <a href="/wiki/1750" title="1750">1750</a> soe Edinburch (<a href="/wiki/Foarst%C3%AAd" title="Foarstêd">foarstêden</a> ynbegrepen) in ynwennertal fan 57.000 minsken berikke. De iennichste oare plakken mei mear as 10.000 ynwenners wiene doe <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> (32.000), <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> (16.000) en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee_(Skotl%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dundee (Skotlân) (noch net skreaun)">Dundee</a> (12.000). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taal">Taal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Dielside bewurkje: Taal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Taal"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Gaelic1400Loch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/e/e6/Gaelic1400Loch.png/200px-Gaelic1400Loch.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/e/e6/Gaelic1400Loch.png/300px-Gaelic1400Loch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/e/e6/Gaelic1400Loch.png/400px-Gaelic1400Loch.png 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>De taalsitewaasje yn <a href="/wiki/Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Skotlân">Skotlân</a> omtrint <a href="/wiki/1400" title="1400">1400</a>. <br /><span style="background-color:#0000FF; color:; border:1px solid #000000; text-align:center;">    </span> Skotsk-Gaelysk<br /> <span style="background-color:#ff0; color:; border:1px solid #000000; text-align:center;">    </span> <a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a></figcaption></figure> <p>By of koart nei de stifting fan it Keninkryk Skotlân waard yn it noardeasten fan it lân <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piktysk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piktysk (noch net skreaun)">Piktysk</a> sprutsen, yn it noardwesten <a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a>, yn it súdwesten <a href="/wiki/Kumbrysk" title="Kumbrysk">Kumbrysk</a> en yn it súdeasten <a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a>. Sawol it Piktysk as it Kumbrysk stoar yn 'e Midsiuwen út, wylst de <a href="/wiki/Wytsingen" title="Wytsingen">Wytsingen</a>, dy't har yn dyselde perioade op 'e <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a> nei wenjen setten, in <a href="/wiki/Noardgermaanske_talen" title="Noardgermaanske talen">Noardgermaanske taalfoarm</a> meinommen dy't him dêr úteinlik ta it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norn (noch net skreaun)">Norn</a> ûntjoech. </p><p>Op it fêstelân hie it Skotsk-Gaelysk earst de oerhân, mar fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Trettjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Trettjinde iuw">trettjinde iuw</a> ôf waard dat stadichoan tebekkrongen troch it út it <a href="/wiki/Angelsaksysk" class="mw-redirect" title="Angelsaksysk">Angelsaksysk</a> fuortkommen Skotsk. Oant likernôch <a href="/wiki/1495" title="1495">1495</a> wie it yn Skotlân wenst om it Skotsk-Gaelysk <i>Scottis</i> ("Skotsk") te neamen, wylst it Skotsk fan <i>Inglis</i> of <i>Ynglis</i> ("Ingelsk") hiet. Mar omtrint dy tiid waarden de rollen omdraaid: it Skotsk kaam doe <i>Scottis</i> te hjitten, wylst it Skotsk-Gaelysk fan <i>Erse</i> ("Iersk") neamd waard. Dat jout moai it omslachpunt oan wêrby't it Skotsk de machtsstriid mei it Skotsk-Gaelysk yn syn foardiel wist te besljochtsjen: foartiid waard it Skotsk as in frjemde taal sjoen ("Ingelsk"); no begûn men it Skotsk-Gaelysk as in frjemde taal te sjen ("Iersk"). </p><p>It Skotsk waard yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Lette_Midsiuwen" class="mw-redirect" title="Lette Midsiuwen">Lette Midsiuwen</a> sterk beynfloede troch it <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A2nsk" title="Frânsk">Frânsk</a>, mar lang net yn 'e mjitte wêryn't dat by it <a href="/wiki/Ingelsk" title="Ingelsk">Ingelsk</a> it gefal wie. Oan 'e ein fan 'e Midsiuwen krong it Ingelsk yn 'e Skotske stêden troch, fral ek nei't de offisjele <a href="/wiki/Bibel" title="Bibel">bibeloersetting</a> fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsjerke_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsjerke fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Tsjerke fan Skotlân</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1611" title="1611">1611</a> net yn it Skotsk mar yn it Ingelsk útbrocht waard. Likegoed bleau it Skotsk de <a href="/wiki/Offisjele_taal" title="Offisjele taal">offisjele taal</a> fan it Keninkryk Skotlân fan 'e ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Fjirtjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Fjirtjinde iuw">fjirtjinde iuw</a> ôf oan de opheffing fan it lân yn <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> ta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sjoch_ek">Sjoch ek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Dielside bewurkje: Sjoch ek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Sjoch ek"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Skotlân">Skotlân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skiednis_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Skiednis fan Skotlân">Skiednis fan Skotlân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_fan_keningen_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="List fan keningen fan Skotlân">List fan keningen fan Skotlân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a></li></ul> <div style="position:absolute; visibility:hidden; height:0; margin-top:1em;"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes"><span id="Boarnen.2C_noaten_en_referinsjes"></span>Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berjocht:Boarnen&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section's source code: Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </div> <table class="toccolours" style="font-size:85%; margin-top:1em; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 5px; clear: both;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Boarnen, noaten en/as referinsjes:</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>Foar boarnen en oare literatuer, sjoch ûnder: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" class="extiw" title="en:Kingdom of Scotland"><i>References</i>, op dizze side</a>. </p> <hr /> <div class="interProject" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Scotland" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Scotland">Commons</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate plainlinks"><div id="commonscat" class="plainlinks" style="padding:5px;"> <table id="catcommonslink" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td id="commonsinfopict" rowspan="1" valign="top"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Wikimedia Commons</figcaption></figure> </td> <td id="commonslink"> Ofbylden dy't by dit ûnderwerp hearre, binne te finen yn de kategory <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Scotland?uselang=fy">Scotland</a> fan <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="commons:">Wikimedia Commons</a>. </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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