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class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Komunizmus</h1> <div class="tagline"> politický smer a ideológia </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Jazyk" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Jazyk </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <table style="" class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Emblem-important.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/40px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/60px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/80px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"></a> </div></td> <td class="ambox-text">Myslíme si, že téma tohto článku je pre encyklopédiu dôležitá. Článok je však zatiaľ príliš krátky. Pozrite si prosím, stručnú <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Pr%C3%ADru%C4%8Dka/Upravovanie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Príručka/Upravovanie">príručku</a>, odporúčanie načo dbať v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A1%C5%A1_prv%C3%BD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Váš prvý článok">prvom článku</a> a tému <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DKomunizmus%26action%3Dedit">zmeňte alebo doplňte</a>.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Komunizmus (z <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franc%C3%BAz%C5%A1tina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francúzština">franc.</a> communisme ← commun – „spoločný“ ← <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latin%C4%8Dina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latinčina">lat.</a> communis – „spoločný, obecný, všeobecný“<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1">[1]</a>) môže označovať: <ul> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spolo%C4%8Densk%C3%BD_syst%C3%A9m?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spoločenský systém">spoločenský</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hospod%C3%A1rsky_syst%C3%A9m?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hospodársky systém">hospodársky systém</a> založený na spoločnom vlastníctve <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%BDrobn%C3%BD_prostriedok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Výrobný prostriedok">výrobných prostriedkov</a> a na beztriednej spoločnosti (jestvujúci ako myšlienkový konštrukt); <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ideol%C3%B3gia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ideológia">politická ideológia</a> vychádzajúca z <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marxizmus-leninizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marxizmus-leninizmus">teórie marxizmu-leninizmu</a></li> <li>súhrnné označenie pre socializmus (myslí sa socializmus v zmysle <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%A1lny_socializmus&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Reálny socializmus (stránka neexistuje)">reálny socializmus</a>) a spoločenský a hospodársky systém z predchádzajúcej odrážky<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li> <li>politické hnutia usilujúce sa o presadenie komunistického spoločenského systému v praxi[<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pomoc:Referencie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pomoc:Referencie">chýba zdroj</a>]</li> <li>(nepresne, ale často:) štátne zriadenie (režim, politický a spoločenský systém) a/alebo politická ideológia a prax sovietskeho totalitárneho typu s komunistickou stranou ako jedinou vládnucou stranou, ktorý prvýkrát vznikol Októbrovou revolúciou v cárskom Rusku a následne napríklad vo východnej Európe krátko po roku 1945 (pozri aj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunistick%C3%BD_re%C5%BEim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Komunistický režim">komunistický režim</a>)</li> <li>nesprávne: <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socializmus</a> (v akomkoľvek zmysle)</li> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prvotnopospoln%C3%A1_spolo%C4%8Dnos%C5%A5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prvotnopospolná spoločnosť">prvotnopospolná spoločnosť</a><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> </ul> V prvých dvoch (najmä druhom význame) je synonymom aj komunistická spoločensko-ekonomická formácia (podrobnosti porovnaj v článku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spolo%C4%8Densko-ekonomick%C3%A1_form%C3%A1cia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spoločensko-ekonomická formácia">spoločensko-ekonomická formácia</a>). <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="sk" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Obsah</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ran%C3%BD_%E2%80%9Ekomunizmus%E2%80%9C">1 Raný „komunizmus“</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E2%80%9EKomunizmus%E2%80%9C_v_Starovekom_Gr%C3%A9cku">1.1 „Komunizmus“ v Starovekom Grécku</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Komunizmus_a_n%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstvo">1.2 Komunizmus a náboženstvo</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ut%C3%B3pia_a_komunizmus">1.3 Utópia a komunizmus</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#V%C3%BDvoj_%E2%80%9Ekomunizmu%E2%80%9C_pred_Marxom_a_Engelsom">1.4 Vývoj „komunizmu“ pred Marxom a Engelsom</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Marxizmus">2 Marxizmus</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Prv%C3%A1_internacion%C3%A1la">2.1 Prvá internacionála</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Druh%C3%A1_internacion%C3%A1la">2.2 Druhá internacionála</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Kritika_komunizmu">3 Kritika komunizmu</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Spolo%C4%8Densk%C3%BD_syst%C3%A9m">4 Spoločenský systém</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Politick%C3%A9_hnutie">5 Politické hnutie</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C5%A0t%C3%A1tne_zriadenie">6 Štátne zriadenie</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#N%C3%A1zory_na_komunizmus">7 Názory na komunizmus</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Karl_Marx">7.1 Karl Marx</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Marxizmus-leninizmus">7.2 Marxizmus-leninizmus</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vedeck%C3%BD_komunizmus">7.3 Vedecký komunizmus</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Samuelson,_Nordhaus">7.4 Samuelson, Nordhaus</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Referencie">8 Referencie</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pozri_aj">9 Pozri aj</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#In%C3%A9_projekty">10 Iné projekty</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Extern%C3%A9_odkazy">11 Externé odkazy</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Raný_„komunizmus“">Raný „komunizmus“</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Raný „komunizmus“" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="„Komunizmus“_v_Starovekom_Grécku">„Komunizmus“ v Starovekom Grécku</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: „Komunizmus“ v Starovekom Grécku" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> Idea „komunizmu“ vznikla už <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pred_Kristom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pred Kristom">pred naším letopočtom</a> v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Starovek%C3%A9_Gr%C3%A9cko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Staroveké Grécko">Starovekom Grécku</a>. V <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Starovek%C3%A9_Gr%C3%A9cko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Staroveké Grécko">Starovekom Grécku</a> ako v prvej krajine na celom svete zaviedli <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">úplné súkromné vlastníctvo</a> pôdy, čo znamenalo, že s ňou jej majiteľ mohol nakladať podľa jeho vlastného úsudku. Mohol ju predať, alebo si naopak kúpiť ďalšiu. (Prvá krajina, ktorá zaviedla neúplné súkromné vlastníctvo, bol Staroveký Izrael. Súkromné vlastníctvo nebolo úplné, keďže cirkev nepovoľovala predaj a kúpu nových pozemkov.) <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5">[5]</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%A9siodos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hésiodos">Hésiodos</a> v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/7._storo%C4%8Die_pred_Kr.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="7. storočie pred Kr.">7. storočí pred naším letopočtom</a> vo svojej básni Práce a dni spomenul tzv. Zlatý vek, keď ešte žiadne <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">súkromné vlastníctvo</a> neexistovalo. Podľa neho <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">súkromné vlastníctvo</a> zapríčinilo, že sa "ľudia začali hnať za hanebnou žiadostivosťou po majetku".<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-6">[6]</a> Zlatý vek sa objavil aj v niekoľkých dielach <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Verg%C3%ADlius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vergílius">Vergília</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Publius_Ovidius_Naso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Publius Ovidius Naso">Ovídia</a>.<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-6">[6]</a> Najstaršie dielo, ktoré opisuje svet bez <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">súkromného vlastníctva</a> je <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%A1t_(dial%C3%B3g)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Štát (dialóg)">dialóg Štát</a> od <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plat%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Platón">Platóna</a>. Opisuje v ňom krajší svet bez súkromného vlastníctva a kolektívnu výchovu detí. <table style="background: transparent; margin: .6em auto;"> <tbody> <tr style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif;"> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size: 400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: .7ex; padding-right: .5ex;">„</td> <td style="font-size: 110%; font-style: italic; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.5em">Takéto rozdiely zvyčajne pochádzajú z nezhody pri používaní pojmov "môj" a "nie môj", "jeho" a "nie jeho". A nie je najlepšie zriadený taký štát, v ktorom najväčší počet ľudí používa pojmy "môj" a "nie môj" tým istým spôsobom o tých istých veciach?</td> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size:400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top; padding-top: .3ex; padding-left: .5ex">“</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"><cite style="font-style: normal;">– Úryvok z dialógu <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%A1t?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Štát">Štát</a> od <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plat%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Platón">Platóna</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7">[7]</a></cite></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Vo svojom ďalšom diele – <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Z%C3%A1kony_(Plat%C3%B3n)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Zákony (Platón) (stránka neexistuje)">Zákony</a>, opisuje svet v ktorom sa ľudia delia o svoje deti, manželky, rodinných príslušníkov. Taktiež opisuje, že sa raz spoločnosť bude snažiť, aby sa pre nás typické okolnosti od prírody stali spoločné, teda <table style="background: transparent; margin: .6em auto;"> <tbody> <tr style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif;"> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size: 400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: .7ex; padding-right: .5ex;">„</td> <td style="font-size: 110%; font-style: italic; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.5em">... aby sa napríklad zdalo, že oči, uši a ruky spoločne vidia, počujú a robia, aby všetci čo najjednoduchšie to isté chválili a hanili, pretože sa z toho istého tešia, alebo sú zarmútení.</td> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size:400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top; padding-top: .3ex; padding-left: .5ex">“</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"><cite style="font-style: normal;">– Úryvok z diela <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Z%C3%A1kony_(Plat%C3%B3n)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Zákony (Platón) (stránka neexistuje)">Zákony</a> od <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plat%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Platón">Platóna</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8">[8]</a></cite></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Platónov žiak Aristoteles však teóriu mieru bez súkromného vlastníctva spochybnil, totižto podľa neho sú ľudia s majetkom v spoločnom vlastníctve náchylnejší sa o pozemok hádať ako ľudia s pôdou v súkromnom vlastníctve. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <table style="background: transparent; margin: .6em auto;"> <tbody> <tr style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif;"> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size: 400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: .7ex; padding-right: .5ex;">„</td> <td style="font-size: 110%; font-style: italic; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.5em">Nie samotný majetok, ale ľudská túžba po ňom by mala byť rovnaká.</td> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size:400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top; padding-top: .3ex; padding-left: .5ex">“</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"><cite style="font-style: normal;">– <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aristoteles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10">[10]</a></cite></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Komunizmus_a_náboženstvo">Komunizmus a náboženstvo</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Komunizmus a náboženstvo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> Po niekoľkých storočiach od <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Je%C5%BEi%C5%A1_Kristus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ježiš Kristus">Ježišovej</a> smrti si viacerí mysleli, že komunizmus (neskôr aj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socializmus</a>) je jeden z typov <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kres%C5%A5anstvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kresťanstvo">kresťanskej cirkvi</a>. Toto presvedčenie vzniklo podľa faktu, že i <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Je%C5%BEi%C5%A1_Kristus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ježiš Kristus">Ježiš</a> ponúkal iným možnosť rozdať svoj majetok chudobným, aby ľahším spôsobom dosiahli spásu. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladimir_Sergejevi%C4%8D_Soloviov?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vladimir Sergejevič Soloviov">Vladimir Soloviev</a>, ruský filozof vysvetlil rozdiel: komunisti totižto chceli rozdávať pozemky a pôdy iných, dokým Ježiš dobrovoľné rozdanie majetku svojim učeníkom len odporúčal. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-11">[11]</a><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12">[12]</a> V <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stredovek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stredovek">stredoveku</a> sa dostala v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eur%C3%B3pa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Európa">Európe</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katol%C3%ADcka_cirkev?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Katolícka cirkev">katolícka cirkev</a> k moci. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kres%C5%A5an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kresťan">Kresťania</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Far%C3%A1r?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Farár">farári</a> nikdy nepodporovali ideu komunizmu a najmä nie chudobu, avšak Zlatý vek sa z mysli <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eur%C3%B3pania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Európania">Európanov</a> nikdy nevytratil. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Utópia_a_komunizmus">Utópia a komunizmus</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Utópia a komunizmus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> Keď <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kri%C5%A1tof_Kolumbus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Krištof Kolumbus">Krištof Kolumbus</a> objavil <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_(svetadiel)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika (svetadiel)">Ameriku</a> a stretol tam žijúcich nahých <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indi%C3%A1ni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indiáni">Indiánov</a>, bol presvedčený, že našiel komunitu ľudí, ktorí žili podľa <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plat%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Platón">Platónovho</a> Zlatého veku. Po návrate <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kri%C5%A1tof_Kolumbus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Krištof Kolumbus">Krištofa Kolumbusa</a> do <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eur%C3%B3pa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Európa">Európy</a> sa neskôr dozvedeli, že Zlatý vek nenašli. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-11">[11]</a> Aj keď bol objav Zlatého veku vyvrátený, mnohí umelci sa inšpirovali a malovali, či písali o <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indi%C3%A1ni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indiáni">Indiánoch</a>. Medzi nimi bol <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_More?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a>, ktorý vo svojej knihe <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ut%C3%B3pia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Utópia">Utópia</a> (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1516?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1516">1516</a>) rozpísali život v Zlatom veku, alebo aj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tommaso_Campanella?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tommaso Campanella">Tommaso Campanella</a>, autor diela Slnečný štát (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1623?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1623">1623</a>). <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2548"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 277px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="277" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Thomas_More_by_Hans_Holbein_d._J._in_the_Frick_Colllection.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_More?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a> </figcaption> </figure> Dnešný význam slova utópia sa nezhoduje s tým v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/16._storo%C4%8Die?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="16. storočie">16. storočí</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_More?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas More">More</a> vo svojom diele opísal komunitu ľudí, ktorí sa prísne kontrolovali navzájom. Nikto z ľudí nemohol nikam cestovať, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peniaze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peniaze">peniaze</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">súkromné vlastníctvo</a> boli zrušené a vyjadrenie názoru na verejnosti bolo <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trest_smrti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trest smrti">trestané smrťou</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Vývoj_„komunizmu“_pred_Marxom_a_Engelsom">Vývoj „komunizmu“ pred Marxom a Engelsom</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Vývoj „komunizmu“ pred Marxom a Engelsom" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> V <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%A1padn%C3%A1_Eur%C3%B3pa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Západná Európa">západnej Európe</a> bola predstava o <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_More?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas More">Morovej</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ut%C3%B3pia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Utópia">Utópii</a> spochybnená. Mnohí totižto verili, že človek pozostáva z tela a duše, ktoré stvoril <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boh">Boh</a>. Podľa nich sa človek s ľudskými vlastnosťami narodí, teda ak je niekto majetkuchtivý, tak takým aj zostane. Tieto teórie neskôr spochybnil anglický filozof <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Locke?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Locke">John Lock</a>, ktorý vo svojom diele <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Esej_o_%C4%BEudskom_rozume&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Esej o ľudskom rozume (stránka neexistuje)">Esej o ľudskom rozume</a> (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1690?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1690">1690</a>) rozpísal svoju ideu. Podľa neho by sa <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Du%C5%A1a_%C4%8Dloveka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Duša človeka">ľudská duša</a> dala prirovnať k čistej tabuli, ktorú nazval <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tabula_rasa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Tabula rasa">tabula rasa</a>. S týmto prirovnaním chcel poukázať na to, že by sa mladého človeka inou výchovou dalo pozbaviť majetkuchtivosti. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Podľa francúzskeho filozofa <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Adrien_Helv%C3%A9tius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Adrien Helvétius">Helvétiusa</a> by sa dalo ľudí dobrou výchovou doviesť k duševnému majstrovstvu.<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Podľa <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Adrien_Helv%C3%A9tius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Adrien Helvétius">Helvétiusovej</a> filozofie sa neskôr inšpiroval aj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladimir_I%C4%BEji%C4%8D_Lenin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vladimir Iľjič Lenin">Lenin</a>. V 17. storočí sa myšlienka komunizmu objavila znovu v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anglicko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anglicko">Anglicku</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gerrard_Winstanley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gerrard Winstanley">Gerard Winstanley</a>, vodca radikálnej strany zvaná Diggers (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sloven%C4%8Dina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovenčina">slov.</a> kopáči), napísal niečo podobné ako komunistickú doktrínu. Jeho nápad sa však nepreslávil. Hlavne Diggers zastávali čisté komunistické, roľnícke myšlienky a postoj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oliver Cromwell">Olivera Cromwella</a>, ktorý bol rozpoltený a často nepriateľský. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Francúzski radikáli začali v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/18._storo%C4%8Die?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="18. storočie">18. storočí</a> podávať návrhy zrušiť <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">súkromné vlastníctvo</a> mysliac, že je pôvodom všetkého zlého. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <table style="background: transparent; margin: .6em auto;"> <tbody> <tr style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif;"> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size: https://archive.org/details/osvtalistyproro19vlcegoog%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: .7ex; padding-right: .5ex;">„</td> <td style="font-size: 110%; font-style: italic; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.5em">Jedinou neresťou vo vesmíre, ktorú poznám, je lakomosť – všetky ostatné, akokoľvek ich nazveme, sú len jej formami a stupňami. Preskúmajte márnivosť, namyslenosť, pýchu, ctižiadostivosť, nepoctivosť, pretvárku, podlosť – dokoncarozbite na kúsky väčšinu našich prešpekulovaných cností, všetky sa rozpustia na tento prenikavý a zhubný prvok, túžbu vlastniť.</td> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size:https://archive.org/details/osvtalistyproro19vlcegoog%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top; padding-top: .3ex; padding-left: .5ex">“</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"><cite style="font-style: normal;">– <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morelly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morelly">Morelly</a>: Zákonník prírody (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1755?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1755">1755</a>)</cite></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> V 18. storočí <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Fouch%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Fouché">Joseph Fouché</a> hovoril o verejnom vlastníctve, ale svoje plány nikdy nezrealizoval a sa zabudlo na ne. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Babeuf.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Babeuf.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="143" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="148" data-file-height="143"> </noscript> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Gracchus Babeuf</a> </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eduard Bernstein">Eduard Bernstein</a> vo svojom diele Cromwell and communism prejednáva niekoľko zoskupení v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anglick%C3%A1_ob%C4%8Dianska_vojna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anglická občianska vojna">Anglickej občianskej vojne</a>. Hlavne Diggers zastávali čisté komunistické, roľnícke myšlienky a postoj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oliver Cromwell">Olivera Cromwella</a> ku týmto skupinám bol prinajlepšom rozpoltený a často nepriateľský. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Kritika myšlienky súkromného vlastníctva pokračovala aj v ére <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Osvietenstvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Osvietenstvo">osvietenstva</a> v 18. storočí, prostredníctvom mysliteľov ako bol <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Jacques_Rousseau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Jacques Rousseau">Jean Jacques Rousseau</a>, ktorý neskôr ovplyvnil marxistickú filozofiu. Aj niekoľkí významní politici podporovali verejné vlastníctvo. Takíto boli <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Paul_Marat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Paul Marat">Jean-Paul Marat</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François-Noël Babeuf">François-Noël Babeuf</a>. Spisovateľ <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Owen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Owen">Robert Owen</a> je v niektorých literatúrach tiež považovaný za komunistu. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Po prvýkrát použil slovo komunista <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=John_Goodwyn_Barmby&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="John Goodwyn Barmby (stránka neexistuje)">John Goodwyn Barmby</a> v roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1840?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1840">1840</a>, počas rozhovoru s <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François-Noël Babeuf">François-Noëlom Babeufom</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Constant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Constant">Benjaminom Constantom</a> o rovnostárstve. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=John_Goodwyn_Barmby&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="John Goodwyn Barmby (stránka neexistuje)">John Barmby</a> bol dopisovateľom <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_Engels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedricha Engelsa</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="Marxizmus">Marxizmus</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Marxizmus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Karl_Marx_001.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Karl_Marx_001.jpg/220px-Karl_Marx_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1428" data-file-height="2048"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 316px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Karl_Marx_001.jpg/220px-Karl_Marx_001.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="316" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Karl_Marx_001.jpg/330px-Karl_Marx_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Karl_Marx_001.jpg/440px-Karl_Marx_001.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a> </figcaption> </figure> Rovnako ako ostatní socialisti, aj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marx</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_Engels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a> usilovali o koniec kapitalizmu, ktorý považovali za zodpovedný z vykorisťovania pracujúcich. Zatiaľčo skorší socialisti preferovali dlhodobú sociálnu reformu, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marx</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_Engels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a> verili, že ľudová <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revol%C3%BAcia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Revolúcia">revolúcia</a> je nevyhnutná a zároveň jediná cesta k zavedeniu socializmu. V súlade s marxistickým argumentom pre komunizmus, hlavnou charakteristikou života ľudí v triednej spoločnosti je vykorisťovanie; komunizmus je potrebný, pretože má za následok plnú realizáciu slobody ľudstva. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marx</a> nasledoval <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Georga Wilhelma Friedricha Hegela</a> v pochopení slobody nielen ako neprítomnosti nátlaku, ale ako prítomnosti morálneho uspokojenia. Verili, že komunizmus umožní ľuďom robiť to čo chcú, ale tiež dosiahnuť také <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medzi%C4%BEudsk%C3%A9_vz%C5%A5ahy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Medziľudské vzťahy">medziľudské vzťahy</a>, že ľudia nebudú potrebovať <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vykoris%C5%A5ovanie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vykorisťovanie">vykorisťovanie</a>. Na rozdiel od Hegela, u ktorého existencia tohto mravného žitia v histórii je riadená oblasťou ideí, pre <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marxa</a> komunizmus vyšiel z materiálu, predovšetkým rozvojom výroby. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marx</a> zastával názor, že proces triedneho konfliktu a revolučného boja vedie k víťazstvu proletariátu a založeniu komunistickej spoločnosti, v ktorej sa <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">súkromné vlastníctvo</a> časom zruší, čo znamená, že výrobky a životné prostriedky budú patriť spoločnosti. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marx</a> napísal niekoľko diel o živote v komunizme, čím načrtol len najzákladnejšie znaky komunistickej spoločnosti. V populárnom slogane, ktorý si osvojilo komunistické hnutie, bol komunizmus svet, v ktorom každý dáva podľa svojich možností a dostáva podľa svojich potrieb. The German Ideology bola jedna z mnohých Marxových prác, pojednávajúcich o komunistickej budúcnosti. <table style="background: transparent; margin: .6em auto;"> <tbody> <tr style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif;"> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size: 400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: .7ex; padding-right: .5ex;">„</td> <td style="font-size: 110%; font-style: italic; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.5em">V komunistickej spoločnosti, kde nikto nemá výhradné pole pôsobnosti, ale každý sa môže stať vynikajúcim v hociktorom odbore, v ktorom si želá, spoločnosť reguluje všeobecnú produkciu a toto mi robí príležitosť robiť jednu vec dnes a inú vec zajtra, poľovať ráno, rybárčiť popoludní, večer pásť dobytok, kritizovať po obede tak ako chcem, bez toho aby som sa stal poľovníkom, rybárom, pastierom alebo kritikom.</td> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size:400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top; padding-top: .3ex; padding-left: .5ex">“</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"><cite style="font-style: normal;">– <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a></cite></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Na konci 19. storočia sa pojmy <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socializmus</a> a komunizmus často zamieňali. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marx</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_Engels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a> zastávali názor, že komunizmus nevyšiel z <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalizmus">kapitalizmu</a> v rozvinutom štáte, ale vyšiel z tzv. „prvej fázy“, v ktorej boli triedne rozdiely čiastočne eliminované. Prvá fáza nakoniec určila cestu „vyššej fáze“, v ktorej boli rozdiely zrušené a štát už viac nie je potrebný. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lenin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> povedal, že komunizmus je vyšší stupeň <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socializmu</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Neskoršia orientácia, čiastočne rozšírená <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lenin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin">Leninom</a> poskytla podporu pre mobilizačné znaky komunistických strán v 20. storočí. Neskorší spisovatelia modifikovali Marxovu víziu pridelením ústrednej pozície štátu vo vývoji spoločnosti a dlhotrvajúcom období prechodu z prvotného socializmu na dosiahnutie plnohodnotného komunizmu. Niektorí <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Heinrich Marx">Marxovi</a> vrstovníci, ako napríklad <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anarchizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anarchizmus">anarchista</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michail_Alexandrovi%C4%8D_Bakunin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michail Alexandrovič Bakunin">Michail Bakunin</a> obhajovali podobné idey, ale s rozličným názorom na to, ako dosiahnuť beztriednu spoločnosť. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anarchizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anarchizmus">Anarchisti</a> sa totiž snažia o zrušenie akejkoľvek štátnej organizácie. Ak by sme mali <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Marx">Marxovu</a> ideológiu v krátkosti zhrnúť, mohli by sme povedať, že sa snažil o beztriednu spoločnosť ("Všetci sme si rovní"), ktorá by sa mala dosiahnuť <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revol%C3%BAcia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Revolúcia">revolúciou</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Prvá_internacionála">Prvá internacionála</h4> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Prvá internacionála" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> V roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1864?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1864">1864</a> sa v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lond%C3%BDn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Londýn">Londýne</a> založila <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_robotn%C3%ADcke_zdru%C5%BEenie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medzinárodné robotnícke združenie">Prvá internacionála (Medzinárodné robotnícke združenie)</a>. Táto socialistická strana sa hneď spočiatku dostala do konfliktov s <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anarchizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anarchizmus">anarchistami</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richard_Pipes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richard Pipes">Richard Pipes</a> vo svojej knihe Komunizmus (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2001?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2001">2001</a>) píše, že <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socialisti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialisti">socialisti</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anarchizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anarchizmus">anarchisti</a> mali rovnaký cieľ, a to beztriednu spoločnosť pomocou revolúcie. Podľa <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richard_Pipes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richard Pipes">Pipesa</a> sa ich názory rozlišovali v troch bodoch: <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> Porovnanie <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socialisti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialisti">socialistov</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anarchizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anarchizmus">anarchistov</a> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Anarchisti</th> <th>Marxisti</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Videli revolučný potenciál v bezzemkoch a nezamestnaných</td> <td>Videli revolučný potenciál v robotníkoch</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Odmietali štát v hocijakej forme. Predpovedali (a správne), že prechodná fáza socialistov by viedla k dlhotrvajúcej diktatúre.</td> <td>Verili, že medzi prechodom z kapitalizmu do komunizmu bude prechodná fáza, počas ktorej donucovacími prostriedkami štátu vyvlastnia kapitál buržoázie a znárodnia výrobné aktíva.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Chceli zmeniť nevyhovujúci systém čím skôr.</td> <td>Verili, že revolúcia bude plodom vývoja kapitalistického hospodárstva</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richard_Pipes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richard Pipes">Richard Pipes</a> poznamenal, že v tomto prípade mali Anarchisti pravdu vo všetkých troch bodoch, totižto revolúcie vypukli aj v agrárnych krajinách, dočasná fáza (proletariárska diktatúra) sa v socialistických štátoch zmenila na dlhotrvajúcu diktatúru a aj v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rusk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ruská ríša">Rusku</a> vypukla v roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1917?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1917">1917</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Okt%C3%B3brov%C3%A1_revol%C3%BAcia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Októbrová revolúcia">revolúcia</a> ako výsledok útoku na <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A1rizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cárizmus">cárizmus</a>, vtedajšiu vládu. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_robotn%C3%ADcke_zdru%C5%BEenie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medzinárodné robotnícke združenie">Prvá internacionála</a> sa v roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1876?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1876">1876</a> rozpadla. V roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1889?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1889">1889</a>, už po <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Marx">Marxovej</a> smrti založili <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Druh%C3%A1_internacion%C3%A1la&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Druhá internacionála (stránka neexistuje)">Druhú internacionálu</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Druhá_internacionála">Druhá internacionála</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Druhá internacionála" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg/220px-Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 309px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg/220px-Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="309" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg/330px-Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Friedrich_Engels-1840-cropped.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_Engels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a> </figcaption> </figure> V roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1889?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1889">1889</a>, už po <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Marx">Marxovej</a> smrti, sa založila <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_zdru%C5%BEenie_socialistick%C3%BDch_str%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Medzinárodné združenie socialistických strán (stránka neexistuje)">Druhá internacionála</a> (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_zdru%C5%BEenie_socialistick%C3%BDch_str%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Medzinárodné združenie socialistických strán (stránka neexistuje)">Medzinárodné združenie socialistických strán</a>), ktorá mala za úlohu zjednocovať <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socialistov</a> z rôznych a krajín a zabrániť vojne, ktorú má za následok <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalizmus">kapitalizmus</a>. Najväčšou stranou bola <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soci%C3%A1lnodemokratick%C3%A1_strana_Nemecka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sociálnodemokratická strana Nemecka">Sociálnodemokratická strana Nemecka</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_zdru%C5%BEenie_socialistick%C3%BDch_str%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Medzinárodné združenie socialistických strán (stránka neexistuje)">Druhá internacionála</a> podľa tzv. Erfurtského programu z roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1891?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1891">1891</a> tvrdila, že záujmy buržoázneho štátu a pracujúcej triedy nezrovnateľné a robotník (alebo roľník) by mal byť verný a lojálny najmä svojej triede. Nie všetci <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socialisti</a> súhlasili s týmto programom. Ba niektorí si dokonca mysleli, že sa z <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalizmus">kapitalizmu</a> sa neskôr vyvinie komunizmus. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-29">[29]</a> <table style="background: transparent; margin: .6em auto;"> <tbody> <tr style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif;"> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size: 400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: .7ex; padding-right: .5ex;">„</td> <td style="font-size: 110%; font-style: italic; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.5em">Proletariát sa dostane k moci nie neočakávaným výbuchom politickej agitácie, ale využitím metodickej a legálnej organizácie svojich síl v demokratických podmienkach a všeobecného volebného práva. Naša spoločnosť sa postupne vyvinie do komunizmu, nie však kolapsom kapitalistickej buržoázie, ale postupným a nezastaviteľným posilňovaním proleteriátu.</td> <td style="font-family: 'Times New Roman CE', 'Times New CE', 'Times CE', 'Times New Roman', times, serif; color: #a0a0a0; font-size:400%; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top; padding-top: .3ex; padding-left: .5ex">“</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"><cite style="font-style: normal;">– <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Jaurès">Jean Jaurès</a>, francúzsky <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socialista </a></cite></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Túto ideu podporovala najmä anglická <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fabi%C3%A1nska_spolo%C4%8Dnos%C5%A5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fabiánska spoločnosť">Fabiánska spoločnosť</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eduard Bernstein">Eduard Bernstein</a> na konci <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/19._storo%C4%8Die?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="19. storočie">19. storočia</a> vyzýval <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soci%C3%A1lna_demokracia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sociálna demokracia">sociálnych demokratov</a>, aby "otvorili oči" a uznali, že <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalizmus">kapitalizmus</a> nezlyháva nikde vo svete. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_zdru%C5%BEenie_socialistick%C3%BDch_str%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Medzinárodné združenie socialistických strán (stránka neexistuje)">Druhá internacionála</a> často diskutovala o tom, ako zabrániť svetovej vojne, alebo ak by vypukla, ako jej predísť. V roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1907?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1907">1907</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladimir_I%C4%BEji%C4%8D_Lenin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vladimir Iľjič Lenin">Vladimir Iľjič Lenin</a> (neskôr vodca <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bo%C4%BE%C5%A1evik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boľševik">boľševikov</a>) a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julij_Osipovi%C4%8D_Martov?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julij Osipovič Martov">Julij Osipovič Martov</a> (neskôr vodca <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Men%C5%A1enik&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Menšenik (stránka neexistuje)">menšenikov</a>) pre prípad núdze spísali rezolúciu, ktorá vypovedala o tom, že v prípade vojny by mali socialisti využiť šancu a zariadiť pád kapitalizmu vo viacerých štátoch. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_zdru%C5%BEenie_socialistick%C3%BDch_str%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Medzinárodné združenie socialistických strán (stránka neexistuje)">Druhá internacionála</a> vypuknutiu <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prv%C3%A1_svetov%C3%A1_vojna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prvá svetová vojna">prvej svetovej vojny</a> nezabránila a niektorí socialisti podľahli situácii a zradili svojich kolegov. Zanikla v roku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1916?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1916">1916</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-29">[29]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Kritika_komunizmu">Kritika komunizmu</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Kritika komunizmu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> Množstvo spisovateľov a politických aktivistov publikovalo kritiku komunizmu. Boli nimi predovšetkým disidenti z krajín Sovietskeho bloku <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexander_Sol%C5%BEenicyn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Solženicyn">Alexander Solženicyn</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a>; sociálni teoretici <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hannah_Arendtov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hannah Arendtová">Hannah Arendtová</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Raymond_Aron?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Raymond Aron">Raymond Aron</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ralf_Dahrendorf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ralf Dahrendorf">Ralf Dahrendorf</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seymour_Martin_Lipset?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seymour Martin Lipset">Seymour Martin Lipset</a>, a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Karl_August_Wittfogel&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Karl August Wittfogel (stránka neexistuje)">Karl August Wittfogel</a>; ekonómovia <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Hayek">Friedrich Hayek</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ludwig von Mises">Ludwig von Mises</a>, a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milton_Friedman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a>; historici a ďalší sociálni vedci <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Robert_Conquest&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Robert Conquest (stránka neexistuje)">Robert Conquest</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richard_Pipes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richard Pipes">Richard Pipes</a>, a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Rudolph_Joseph_Rummel&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Rudolph Joseph Rummel (stránka neexistuje)">R. J. Rummel</a>, antikomunistickí ľavičiari <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ignazio_Silone&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ignazio Silone (stránka neexistuje)">Ignazio Silone</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Saul_Alinsky&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Saul Alinsky (stránka neexistuje)">Saul Alinsky</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Richard_Wright_(politik)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Richard Wright (politik) (stránka neexistuje)">Richard Wright</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arthur_Koestler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arthur Koestler">Arthur Koestler</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bernard-Henri_L%C3%A9vy&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bernard-Henri Lévy (stránka neexistuje)">Bernard-Henri Lévy</a>; novelistka <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ayn_Rand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ayn Rand">Ayn Rand</a>; filozofi <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Leszek_Ko%C5%82akowski&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Leszek Kołakowski (stránka neexistuje)">Leszek Kołakowski</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Raimund_Popper?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Raimund Popper">Karl Popper</a> sú medzi kritikmi. Niektorí spisovatelia predkladajú ako argument proti samotnému marxizmu nielen potlačovanie <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%BDudsk%C3%A9_pr%C3%A1va?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ľudské práva">ľudských práv</a> komunistickými režimami, ale poukazujú aj na udalosti v týchto krajinách, hlavne na <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josif_Vissarionovi%C4%8D_Stalin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josif Vissarionovič Stalin">Stalina</a>, ktorý praktizoval nespravodlivé zaobchádzanie s ľuďmi. Niektorí z kritikov boli formálni marxisti, ako napr. Wittfogel, Silone, Wright, Koestler (a ďalší), ktorí prispeli esejami do knihy <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_God_that_Failed&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="The God that Failed (stránka neexistuje)">The God that Failed</a> (názov nepoukazuje na kresťanského Boha, ale na samotný marxizmus). Komunistické strany mimo <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Var%C5%A1avsk%C3%A1_zmluva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Varšavská zmluva">Varšavského paktu</a> v krajinách <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%A1padn%C3%A1_Eur%C3%B3pa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Západná Európa">Západnej Európy</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%81zia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ázia">Ázie</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latinsk%C3%A1_Amerika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latinská Amerika">Latinskej Ameriky</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Afrika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Afrika">Afriky</a> sa veľmi odlišovali, takže kritika aplikovateľná na jednu stranu nie je bezpodmienečne aplikovateľná aj na inú. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Spoločenský_systém">Spoločenský systém</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Spoločenský systém" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Communism_expansion.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Communism_expansion.png/220px-Communism_expansion.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 96px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Communism_expansion.png/220px-Communism_expansion.png" data-alt="" data-width="220" data-height="96" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Communism_expansion.png/330px-Communism_expansion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Communism_expansion.png/440px-Communism_expansion.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Komunistické štáty v 20. storočí <div style="padding:0 0 0 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;">      r. 1920 až 1930 </div> <div style="padding:0 0 0 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;">      r. 1940 až 1950 </div> <div style="padding:0 0 0 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;">      r. 1960 až 1970 </div> </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plat%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Platón">Platón</a> navrhoval vo svojom diele <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%A1t_(dial%C3%B3g)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Štát (dialóg)">Štát</a> nahradenie súkromného vlastníctva u vládnucej vrstvy komunálnym vlastníctvom. Idea spoločného vlastníctva sa prejavila až v 16. storočí u <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_More?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas More">Thomasa Moreho</a> (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Utopick%C3%BD_socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Utopický socializmus">utopický socializmus</a>), na začiatku 17. storočia u <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tommaso_Campanella?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tommaso Campanella">Campanellu</a> (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Utopick%C3%A1_teokracia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Utopická teokracia (stránka neexistuje)">utopická teokracia</a> – Slnečný štát), v 18. storočí u <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Meslier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Meslier">Mesliera</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Gracchusa Babeufa</a>. Išlo o <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ut%C3%B3pia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Utópia">utópie</a> v pravom zmysle slova, pretože autori opisujú ideálnu spoločnosť bez toho, aby opísali spôsob ako k nej dospieť. Vzťahovali sa na poľnohospodársku spoločnosť, ktorá vtedy bola štandardom. Na začiatku 19. storočia už navrhli <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Saint-Simon</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cabet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Étienne Cabet">Étienne Cabet</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Marie_Charles_Fourier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François Marie Charles Fourier">Fourier</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Owen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Owen">Robert Owen</a> konkrétne usporiadať spoločnosť do komunít (komún) ako protiklad rodiacej sa priemyslovej <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trhov%C3%A1_ekonomika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trhová ekonomika">trhovej ekonomiky</a>. Moderný komunizmus založil <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Marx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a> spolu s <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_Engels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrichom Engelsom</a>, ktorí navrhovali: <ul> <li>zrušiť vlastnícky princíp (<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%BAkromn%C3%A9_vlastn%C3%ADctvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Súkromné vlastníctvo">súkromné vlastníctvo</a>),</li> <li>vytvoriť voľné spojenie výrobcov (pracujúcich),</li> <li>výrobu zmeniť na spoločenskú činnosť, pri ktorej sa zruší rozdiel medzi duševnou a fyzickou činnosťou a potom aj <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/De%C4%BEba_pr%C3%A1ce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deľba práce">deľba práce</a>.</li> </ul> Marxov súčasník, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anarchizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anarchizmus">anarchista</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piotr_Alexejevi%C4%8D_Kropotkin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piotr Alexejevič Kropotkin">Piotr Kropotkin</a> nesúhlasil s Marxovou predstavou centralizovanej spoločnosti, pretože podľa neho obmedzuje individuálnu slobodu. Vnútorným protirečením komunistických teórií bola skutočnosť, že ľudia mali mať aj právo na rozdeľovanie pôžitkov rovným dielom, čo však predpokladá existenciu kritizovaného vlastníckeho princípu. Pokiaľ ide o praktickú realizáciu, Marx predpokladal, že v dôsledku „rastúcich rozporov v kapitalizme“ podmienky na realizáciu komunizmu časom vzniknú samé od seba. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Politické_hnutie">Politické hnutie</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Politické hnutie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> Komunistické hnutie bolo spočiatku súčasťou socialistického hnutia. Až po roku 1917 sa stúpenci <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Okt%C3%B3brov%C3%A1_revol%C3%BAcia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Októbrová revolúcia">boľševickej revolúcie</a> rozišli s ostatnými socialistami a založili si vlastnú <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kominterna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kominterna">III. (komunistickú) internacionálu</a>, čím sa komunistické (marxisticko-leninské) hnutie jasne odlíšilo od tzv. socialistov. Základným rozdielom medzi socialistami a komunistami bolo, že socialisti chceli zmeniť kapitalizmus v komunizmus evolučne a komunisti revolučne. Štátne orgány štátov, ktoré boli vedené komunistickými stranami, najmä za vlády <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josif_Vissarionovi%C4%8D_Stalin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josif Vissarionovič Stalin">Stalina</a> v Sovietskom zväze páchali <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zlo%C4%8Din?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zločin">zločiny</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="Štátne_zriadenie">Štátne zriadenie</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Štátne zriadenie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> V tomto prípade (čiastočne aj pri ostatných bodoch) sa pojem z veľkej časti kryje s pojmami <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socializmus</a>, príp. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%A1lny_socializmus&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Reálny socializmus (stránka neexistuje)">reálny socializmus</a> a často je ťažko ich odlíšiť. V samotných štátoch komunistického bloku sa však (aspoň v užšom zmysle) teoreticky rozlišovali pojmy: <ul> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%BDudov%C3%A1_demokracia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ľudová demokracia">ľudová demokracia</a>: akýsi predstupeň socializmu vo <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%A1_Eur%C3%B3pa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Východná Európa">východnej Európe</a> po <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Druh%C3%A1_svetov%C3%A1_vojna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Druhá svetová vojna">druhej svetovej vojne</a>, charakterizovaný (čisto) formálnymi črtami západných demokracií (zdanlivo viacero strán atď.)</li> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socializmus</a>: spoločensko-ekonomický systém v podstate sovietskeho typu; politické zriadenie ako druhá fáza vývoja ku komunizmu (ľudová demokracia → socializmus → komunizmus)</li> <li>komunizmus: „projekt“ spoločnosti založený na spoločnom vlastníctve výrobných prostriedkov; toto „štádium“ žiaden štát v praxi nedosiahol</li> </ul> Systém dodnes existuje v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C3%B3rejsk%C3%A1_%C4%BEudovodemokratick%C3%A1_republika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kórejská ľudovodemokratická republika">Kórejskej ľudovodemokratickej republike</a>, do značnej miery na <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuba">Kube</a> a čiastočne v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Čína">Číne</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vietnam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vietnam">Vietname</a>, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laos">Laose</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zimbabwe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>. Reálny komunistický systém sa v mnohom odlišuje od svojho vzoru – marxistického modelu. Ide predovšetkým o charakteristiky ako <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Totalita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Totalita">totalita</a> (vláda jednej – komunistickej – strany, prehnaná štátna byrokracia, <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Odbory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Odbory">odbory</a> ako pomocný nástroj vlády), zachovanie triednych rozdielov (prinajmenšom na úrovni vládnúca vrstva verzus ostatní), zachovanie deľby práce, povýšenie marxizmu na formu <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Náboženstvo">náboženstva</a> (štátnu ideológiu) a pod. Napriek určitému pozitívnemu vplyvu na prerozdeľovanie prostriedkov do sociálnej, kultúrnej a vzdelávacej oblasti, má systém v praxi vážny nedostatok: výrazne spomaľuje <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekonomick%C3%BD_rast?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomický rast">ekonomický rast</a> a modernizáciu, a tým dlhodobo ani tá najlepšia sociálna, kultúrna a pod. politika nemôže efektívne fungovať. Je to spôsobené okrem nedostatku motivačných faktorov pre obyvateľstvo aj tým, že aj tento systém často umožňoval, že sa k moci dostali neschopní a nevzdelaní ľudia. Okrem toho totalitný systém režimu v komunistických krajinách podporoval rôzne formy prenasledovania obyvateľstva (vrátane likvidácie). Mocenské zložky, najmä v Číne a Sovietskom zväze, zabili počas 20. storočia desiatky miliónov ľudí. Tento systém viedol k vzniku extrémnych <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kult_osobnosti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kult osobnosti">kultov osobnosti</a>, kde vynikal napríklad sovietsky diktátor <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josif_Vissarionovi%C4%8D_Stalin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josif Vissarionovič Stalin">Josif Stalin</a> alebo kórejský diktátor <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kim_Ir-sen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Ir-sen">Kim Ir-Sen</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="Názory_na_komunizmus">Názory na komunizmus</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Názory na komunizmus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Karl_Marx">Karl Marx</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Karl Marx" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> Marxova charakteristika komunizmu: Komunizmus - pozitívne zrušenie súkromného vlastníctva ako ľudského sebaodcudzenia - skutočné osvojenie si ľudskej podstaty človekom a pre človeka - úplný, vedomý a v rámci celej bohatosti doterajšieho vývinu uskutočnený návrat človeka k sebe ako spoločenského ľudského človeka. Tento komunizmus ako dovŕšený naturalizmus, je opravdivým vyriešením rozporu medzi človekom a prírodou a medzi človekom a človekom, je opravdivou likvidáciou sporu medzi existenciou a podstatou, medzi spredmetnením a sebapotvrdením. Komunizmus je rozlúštením záhady dejín a vie o sebe, že je jej rozlúštením.<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Marxizmus-leninizmus">Marxizmus-leninizmus</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Marxizmus-leninizmus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> Komunizmus v <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marxizmus-leninizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marxizmus-leninizmus">marxizme-leninizme</a> je spoločensko-ekonomická formácia, ktorej osobitosti určuje spoločné vlastníctvo výrobných prostriedkov, zodpovedajúce vysoko rozvinutým výrobným silám; najvyššia fáza komunistickej formácie (úplný komunizmus), konečný cieľ komunistického hnutia. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Vedecký_komunizmus">Vedecký komunizmus</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Vedecký komunizmus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> Komunizmus je vysokoorganizovaná spoločnosť, najvyšší stupeň technologického a spoločenského pokroku, rozvoja s najvyšším stupňom životnej úrovne ľudí. Spája vysokú úroveň rozvoja ekonomiky, vedy a techniky so všestranným rozvojom samotných ľudí, materiálny rozkvet s mravným povznesením a neustálym zdokonaľovaním osobnosti<a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Samuelson,_Nordhaus">Samuelson, Nordhaus</h3> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Samuelson, Nordhaus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> Komunizmus podľa <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Anthony_Samuelson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Anthony Samuelson">Samuelsa</a> a <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Nordhaus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Nordhaus">Nordhausa</a> je zároveň <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ideol%C3%B3gia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ideológia">ideológia</a>, politický a ekonomický systém. V komunistickom <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hospod%C3%A1rsky_syst%C3%A9m?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hospodársky systém">ekonomickom systéme</a> je súkromné vlastníctvo výrobných prostriedkov a najmä priemyslového kapitálu zakázané (lebo sa má za to, že vlastníctvo kapitálových statkov vedie k vykorisťovaniu robotníkov). Podľa komunistických názorov by sa navyše <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%B4chodok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Dôchodok">dôchodky</a> mali rozdeľovať rovnomerne alebo ešte lepšie – podľa potrieb. V dnešných komunistických krajinách (Čína) väčšinu pôdy a kapitálu vlastní štát. Tieto krajiny sa tiež vyznačujú rozsiahlym <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%ADkazov%C3%A1_ekonomika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Príkazová ekonomika">centrálnym plánovaním</a>, v ktorého rámci štát stanovuje mnohé ceny, úroveň produkcie a ďalšie dôležité ekonomické premenné. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="Referencie">Referencie</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="references"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">komúna. In: <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C4%BDubor_Kr%C3%A1lik&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ľubor Králik (stránka neexistuje)">KRÁLIK, Ľubor</a>. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stru%C4%8Dn%C3%BD_etymologick%C3%BD_slovn%C3%ADk_sloven%C4%8Diny?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny">Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny</a>. 1. vyd. Bratislava : <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/VEDA,_vydavate%C4%BEstvo_Slovenskej_akad%C3%A9mie_vied?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="VEDA, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied">Veda</a>, 2015. 704 s. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-80-224-1493-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-80-224-1493-7">ISBN 978-80-224-1493-7</a>. S. 281. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> komunistická spoločensko-ekonomická formácia; komunizmus; spoločensko-ekonomická formácia. In: DADO, M. Slovník politickej ekonómie. Bratislava: Vyd. SAV. 1966. S. 277, 638</li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> IVANOVÁ-ŠALINGOVÁ, M. et al. Slovník cudzích slov A/Z. Bratislava: SPN. 1979. S. 472</li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. Bratislava : Slovart. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. Kapitola I. - Teória a program komunizmu, s. 6. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> What is public property? definition and meaning [online]. BusinessDictionary.com, [cit. 2020-05-03]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924130748/http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/public-property.html">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2009-09-24 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/public-property.html">originálu.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6">↑ <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_6-0">a</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_6-1">b</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. Bratislava : Slovart. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. S. 3. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. [s.l.] : Slovart. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. Kapitola I. Teória a program komunizmu, s. 4,5. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. [s.l.] : Slovart. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. Kapitola I. Teória a program komunizmu, s. 4,5. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. Bratislava : Slovart. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. Kapitola I. Teória a program komunizmu, s. 4. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. [s.l.] : Slovart. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. Kapitola I. Teória a program komunizmu, s. 4. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-:2-11">↑ <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_11-0">a</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_11-1">b</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">NIELSEN, Niels C. , Jr. Christianity After Communism: Social, Political, And Cultural Struggle In Russia. [s.l.] : Routledge, 2018-03-08. Google-Books-ID: dwHFDwAAQBAJ. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.sk/books?id%3DdwHFDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA16%26lpg%3DPA16%26dq%3DVladim%25C3%25ADr%2BSoloviev%2Bchristianity%2Band%2Bcommunism%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DPNw9fneKk_%26sig%3DACfU3U3qUkTQXkbaoAcPG-qlSJVexo6Y3Q%26hl%3Dsk%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwi0l8S6nJjpAhUZwcQBHWh9BdAQ6AEwAHoECAoQAQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DVladim%25C3%25ADr%2520Soloviev%2520christianity%2520and%2520communism%26f%3Dfalse">Dostupné online.</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-0-429-97023-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-0-429-97023-8">ISBN 978-0-429-97023-8</a>. (po anglicky)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">UNIVERSITY, © Stanford; STANFORD; CALIFORNIA 94305. "Can A Christian Be a Communist?" Sermon Delivered at Ebenezer Baptist Church [online]. The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute, 2017-04-03, [cit. 2020-05-03]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308152418/https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/can-christian-be-communist-sermon-delivered-ebenezer-baptist-church">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2021-03-08 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/can-christian-be-communist-sermon-delivered-ebenezer-baptist-church">originálu.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">JOHNSON, Paul. Dějiny křesťanství. [s.l.] : Barrister & Principal, 1999. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788075110817?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788075110817">ISBN 9788075110817</a>. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">MORE, Saint Thomas. Utopia. [s.l.] : A. Constable, 1906. Google-Books-ID: rVwLAAAAIAAJ. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.sk/books?id%3DrVwLAAAAIAAJ%26printsec%3Dtitlepage%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%26f%3Dfalse">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> Locke, John | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy [online]. www.iep.utm.edu, [cit. 2020-05-07]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.iep.utm.edu/locke/">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> Claude-Adrien Helvétius | French philosopher [online]. Encyclopedia Britannica, [cit. 2020-05-04]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Claude-Adrien-Helvetius">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> Anarchism and Religion [online]. The Anarchist Library, [cit. 2020-05-04]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/nicolas-walter-anarchism-and-religion">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">VÁCSLAV VLCEK. Osvěta: Listy pro rozhled v umění, vědě a politice. [s.l.] : Václav Vlček, 1889. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://archive.org/details/osvtalistyproro19vlcegoog">Dostupné online.</a> (Czech)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. Bratislava. vyd. [s.l.] : Slovart, 2007. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. S. 5-7. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> Eduard Bernstein: Cromwell and Communism (1895) [online]. www.marxists.org, [cit. 2020-05-04]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/bernstein/works/1895/cromwell/">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">ROBERT OWEN BICENTENNIAL CONFERENCE. Robert Owen's American legacy; proceedings. [s.l.] : Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society, 1972. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://catalog.princeton.edu/catalog/4726320">Dostupné online.</a> (English)</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">MCLELLAN, David. Blackwellova encyklopedie politického myšlení. Brno : Barrister & Principal, 2003. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-80-85947-56-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-80-85947-56-4">ISBN 978-80-85947-56-4</a>. S. 283–284. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> Základy teórie konštitucionalizmu. [s.l.] : EUROKÓDEX. Google-Books-ID: UC73jmbnrwYC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.sk/books?id%3DUC73jmbnrwYC%26pg%3DPA53%26lpg%3DPA53%26dq%3DKomunizmus%2Bje%2Bvy%25C5%25A1%25C5%25A1%25C3%25AD%2Bstupe%25C5%2588%2Bsocializmu%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DV7KCcb_CBy%26sig%3DACfU3U0tm-6KBRblRCawpDFvLxOIUNFrxw%26hl%3Dsk%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjg-uq52prpAhUjUBUIHYh2D3EQ6AEwAnoECAoQAQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DKomunizmus%2520je%2520vy%25C5%25A1%25C5%25A1%25C3%25AD%2520stupe%25C5%2588%2520socializmu%26f%3Dfalse">Dostupné online.</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-80-89447-54-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-80-89447-54-1">ISBN 978-80-89447-54-1</a>. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> marxismus-leninismus: TOTALITA [online]. www.totalita.cz, [cit. 2020-05-04]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.totalita.cz/vysvetlivky/marx-len.php">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">WOLFF, Richard D.; RESNICK, Stephen A.. Economics : Marxian versus neoclassical. [s.l.] : Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://archive.org/details/economicsmarxian00wolf_0">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. Bratislava : Slovart. S. 15. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. Bratislava : Slovart. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. S. 16. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> History of the Second International [online]. www.marxists.org, [cit. 2020-05-04]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.marxists.org/history/international/social-democracy/index.htm">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-:1-29">↑ <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_29-0">a</a> <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_29-1">b</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">PIPES, Richard. Komunizmus. prvé. vyd. Bratislava : Slovart, 2007. <a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9788080852696?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9788080852696">ISBN 9788080852696</a>. S. 17-23. </cite></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">↑</a> Karl Marx, Ekonomicko-filozofické rukopisy, 1844, s. 155</li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komunizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">↑</a> Vedecký komunizmus, Pravda, 1972</li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="Pozri_aj">Pozri aj</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pozri aj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socializmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socializmus">socializmus</a></li> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalizmus">kapitalizmus</a></li> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marxizmus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marxizmus">marxizmus</a></li> <li><a href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sekul%C3%A1rne_n%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstvo&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sekulárne náboženstvo (stránka neexistuje)">Sekulárne náboženstvo</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <h2 id="Iné_projekty">Iné projekty</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Iné projekty" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Communism" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Communism">Commons</a> </div> <div class="interProject wikiquote" style="display:none;"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikiquote.org/wiki/Komunizmus" class="extiw" title="q:Komunizmus">Wikicitáty</a> </div> <ul> <li> <noscript> <img alt="Spolupracuj na Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Spolupracuj na Commons" data-width="18" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na tému <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Communism" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Communism">Komunizmus</a></li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="Spolupracuj na Wikicitátoch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 21px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Spolupracuj na Wikicitátoch" data-width="18" data-height="21" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  Wikicitáty ponúkajú citáty od alebo o <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikiquote.org/wiki/Komunizmus" class="extiw" title="q:Komunizmus">Komunizmus</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <h2 id="Externé_odkazy">Externé odkazy</h2> <a role="button" href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upraviť sekciu: Externé odkazy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> upraviť </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dai.fmph.uniba.sk/~filit/fvk/komunizmus_gregor_v.html">FILIT</a> – zdroj, z ktorého pôvodne čerpal tento článok.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dai.fmph.uniba.sk/~filit/fvk/komunizmus_minarik_k.html">FILIT</a> – zdroj, z ktorého pôvodne 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href="https://sk-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Komunizmus&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Naposledy upravené 13. február 2024 o 21:51 </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Jazyky</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – nemčina (švajčiarska)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="nemčina (švajčiarska)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258A%25B0%25E1%2588%2599%25E1%258A%2592%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%2588%259D" title="ኰሙኒስም – amharčina" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኰሙኒስም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – aragónčina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gem%25C3%25A6nre_%25C3%25A6hte_r%25C3%25A6d" title="Gemænre æhte ræd – stará angličtina" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gemænre æhte ræd" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="stará angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="साम्यवाद – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D8%25B9%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="شيوعية – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيوعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D8%25B9%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="شيوعية – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شيوعية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D8%25B9%25D9%258A%25D9%2587" title="شيوعيه – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شيوعيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6" title="সাম্যবাদ – ásamčina" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সাম্যবাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ásamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismu" title="Comunismu – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Comunismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="साम्यवाद – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizm" title="Kommunizm – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kommunizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D9%2585" title="کومونیسم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کومونیسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – baškirčina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – bavorština" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavorština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komun%25C4%2597zmos" title="Komunėzmos – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Komunėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Камунізм – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Камунізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Камунізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Камунізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D1%258A%25D0%25BC" title="Комунизъм – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Комунизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="साम्यवाद – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6" title="সাম্যবাদ – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাম্যবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunouriezh" title="Komunouriezh – bretónčina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Komunouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizam" title="Komunizam – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Komunizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisme" title="Komunisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Komunisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisme" title="Comunisme – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Comunisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C3%25AA%25CC%25A4%25E1%25B9%25B3ng-s%25C4%2581ng-ci%25C5%258D-ngi%25C3%25AA" title="Gê̤ṳng-sāng-ciō-ngiê – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gê̤ṳng-sāng-ciō-ngiê" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – čečenčina" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – cebuánčina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25DB%2586%25D9%2585%25DB%2586%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585" title="کۆمۆنیزم – kurdčina (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمۆنیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdčina (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismus" title="Komunismus – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Komunismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comiwnyddiaeth" title="Comiwnyddiaeth – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Comiwnyddiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizm" title="Komunizm – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Komunizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259A%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BC%25CE%25BC%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B9%25CF%2583%25CE%25BC%25CF%258C%25CF%2582" title="Κομμουνισμός – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κομμουνισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism" title="Communism – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Communism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kommunism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismu" title="Comunismu – extremadurština" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Comunismu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremadurština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D9%2585" title="کمونیسم – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمونیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismi" title="Kommunismi – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kommunismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism – võruština" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kommunism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võruština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisma" title="Kommunisma – faerčina" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kommunisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisme" title="Communisme – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Communisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismus" title="Komunismus – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Komunismus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisim" title="Comunisim – friulčina" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Comunisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – západná frízština" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="západná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumannachas" title="Cumannachas – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cumannachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25B1%25E7%2594%25A2%25E4%25B8%25BB%25E7%25BE%25A9" title="共產主義 – čínština (dialekty Gan)" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="共產主義" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Gan)" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kominism" title="Kominism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kominism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-mhaoineas" title="Co-mhaoineas – škótska gaelčina" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Co-mhaoineas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škótska gaelčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amo%25C3%25B1o%2527%25E1%25BB%25B9tekuareko" title="Amoño'ỹtekuareko – guaraníjčina" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Amoño'ỹtekuareko" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraníjčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwaminisanci" title="Kwaminisanci – hauština" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kwaminisanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hauština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khiung-s%25C3%25A1n_ch%25C3%25BA-ngi" title="Khiung-sán chú-ngi – čínština (dialekty Hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khiung-sán chú-ngi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Hakka)" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A7%25D7%2595%25D7%259E%25D7%2595%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%2596%25D7%259D" title="קומוניזם – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קומוניזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="साम्यवाद – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samyawaad" title="Samyawaad – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Samyawaad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizam" title="Komunizam – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Komunizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizmus" title="Kommunizmus – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kommunizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BF%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B4%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A6%25D5%25B4" title="Կոմունիզմ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոմունիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismo" title="Communismo – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Communismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisme" title="Komunisme – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komunisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – ilokánčina" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komm%25C3%25BAnismi" title="Kommúnismi – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kommúnismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25B1%25E7%2594%25A3%25E4%25B8%25BB%25E7%25BE%25A9" title="共産主義 – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="共産主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamiunizam" title="Kamiunizam – jamajská kreolština" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kamiunizam" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamajská kreolština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/kaurpo%2527esi%2527o" title="kaurpo'esi'o – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="kaurpo'esi'o" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumunisme" title="Kumunisme – jávčina" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kumunisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jávčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2598" title="კომუნიზმი – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კომუნიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komiinism" title="Komiinism – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Komiinism" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%259B%25E1%259E%2591%25E1%259F%2592%25E1%259E%2592%25E1%259E%25B7%25E1%259E%2580%25E1%259E%25BB%25E1%259E%2598%25E1%259F%2592%25E1%259E%2598%25E1%259E%25BB%25E1%259E%2599%25E1%259E%2593%25E1%259E%25B8%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259F%2592%25E1%259E%258F" title="លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនីស្ត – khmérčina" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនីស្ត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmérčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B3%2582%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಕಮ್ಯೂನಿಸಮ್ – kannadčina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಮ್ಯೂನಿಸಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25B3%25B5%25EC%2582%25B0%25EC%25A3%25BC%25EC%259D%2598" title="공산주의 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공산주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – karačajevsko-balkarčina" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karačajevsko-balkarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kom%25C3%25BBn%25C3%25AEzm" title="Komûnîzm – kurdčina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Komûnîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemynegoreth" title="Kemynegoreth – kornčina" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kemynegoreth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismus" title="Communismus – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Communismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – luxemburčina" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – lezginčina" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezginčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisme" title="Comunisme – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Comunisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisme" title="Communisme – limburčina" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Communisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunism" title="Comunism – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Comunism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kominisim%25C9%259B" title="Kominisimɛ – lingalčina" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kominisimɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%2584%25E0%25BA%25AD%25E0%25BA%25A1%25E0%25BA%25A1%25E0%25BA%25B4%25E0%25BA%25A7%25E0%25BA%2599%25E0%25BA%25B4%25E0%25BA%2594" title="ຄອມມິວນິດ – laoština" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄອມມິວນິດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoština" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizmas" title="Komunizmas – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Komunizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisms" title="Komunisms – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Komunisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%258C" title="Коммунизмась – mokšiančina" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Коммунизмась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokšiančina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25B4monisma" title="Kômonisma – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kômonisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuminih" title="Kuminih – minangkabaučina" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kuminih" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabaučina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Комунизам – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Комунизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B4%25AE%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25AF%25E0%25B5%2582%25E0%25B4%25A3%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B4%2582" title="കമ്യൂണിസം – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കമ്യൂണിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – mongolčina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="साम्यवाद – maráthčina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisme" title="Komunisme – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Komunisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komuni%25C5%25BCmu" title="Komuniżmu – maltčina" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Komuniżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quemunismo" title="Quemunismo – mirandčina" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Quemunismo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BC%25E1%2580%25B0%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%259D%25E1%2580%25AB%25E1%2580%2592" title="ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ – barmčina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D9%2585" title="کمونیسم – mázandaránčina" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کمونیسم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mázandaránčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – dolná nemčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolná nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – dolná saština" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="dolná saština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="साम्यवाद – nepálčina" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="साम्यवाद – nevárčina" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisme" title="Communisme – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Communisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commeunisme" title="Commeunisme – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Commeunisme" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisme" title="Comunisme – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Comunisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waltummaa" title="Waltummaa – oromčina" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Waltummaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A8%25BF%25E0%25A8%258A%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A8%25BF%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25AE" title="ਕਮਿਊਨਿਜ਼ਮ – pandžábčina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਮਿਊਨਿਜ਼ਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžábčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conmunnime" title="Conmunnime – picardština" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Conmunnime" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picardština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizm" title="Komunizm – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Komunizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunism" title="Comunism – piemonština" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Comunism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585" title="کمیونزم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کمیونزم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585" title="کمونيزم – paštčina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کمونيزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumunismu" title="Kumunismu – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kumunismu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communissem" title="Communissem – rétorománčina" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Communissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="rétorománčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunism" title="Comunism – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Comunism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Комунизм – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Комунизм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A4%2583" title="समानतावादः – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="समानतावादः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – jakutčina" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumunismu" title="Cumunismu – sicílčina" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cumunismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicílčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism" title="Communism – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Communism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25AA%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585" title="ڪميونزم – sindhčina" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪميونزم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisma" title="Kommunisma – saamčina (severná)" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kommunisma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="saamčina (severná)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizam" title="Komunizam – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Komunizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%259C%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25A7%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B6%25AF%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="කොමියුනිස්ට්වාදය – sinhalčina" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කොමියුනිස්ට්වාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism" title="Communism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Communism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizem" title="Komunizem – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Komunizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuuciyad" title="Shuuciyad – somálčina" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Shuuciyad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizmi" title="Komunizmi – albánčina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Komunizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC" title="Комунизам – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Комунизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukhomanisi" title="Bukhomanisi – svazijčina" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Bukhomanisi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="svazijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bok%25C3%25B4minisii" title="Bokôminisii – sothčina (južná)" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Bokôminisii" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sothčina (južná)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – fríština (saterlandská)" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="fríština (saterlandská)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kommunism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukomunisti" title="Ukomunisti – swahilčina" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ukomunisti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AF%258A%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AF%2588%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%2588" title="பொதுவுடைமை – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொதுவுடைமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B1%2582%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%259C%25E0%25B0%2582" title="కమ్యూనిజం – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కమ్యూనిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – tadžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%2598%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2584%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B9%258C" title="ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์ – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – tagalčina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kom%25C3%25BCnizm" title="Komünizm – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Komünizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – tatárčina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – tuviančina" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviančina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Коммунизм – udmurtčina" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2583%25DB%2587%25D9%2585%25D9%2585%25DB%2587%25D9%2586%25D9%2589%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585" title="كۇممۇنىزم – ujgurčina" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كۇممۇنىزم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC" title="Комунізм – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Комунізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B4%25D8%25AA%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA" title="اشتمالیت – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اشتمالیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizm" title="Kommunizm – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kommunizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizm" title="Kommunizm – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kommunizm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25E1%25BB%25A7_ngh%25C4%25A9a_c%25E1%25BB%2599ng_s%25E1%25BA%25A3n" title="Chủ nghĩa cộng sản – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa cộng sản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kob%25C3%25A4dim" title="Kobädim – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kobädim" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisse" title="Comunisse – valónčina" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Comunisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25B1%25E4%25BA%25A7%25E4%25B8%25BB%25E4%25B9%2589" title="共产主义 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="共产主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2598" title="კომუნიზმი – mingrelština" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კომუნიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelština" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A7%25D7%2590%25D7%259E%25D7%2595%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%2596%25D7%259D" title="קאמוניזם – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאמוניזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%258C%25E1%25B9%25A3ek%25E1%25BB%258D%25CC%2581m%25C3%25BAn%25C3%25ADst%25C3%25AC" title="Ìṣekọ́múnístì – jorubčina" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìṣekọ́múnístì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25B1%25E4%25BA%25A7%25E4%25B8%25BB%25E4%25B9%2589" title="共产主义 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="共产主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25B1%25E7%2594%25A2%25E4%25B8%25BB%25E7%25BE%25A9" title="共產主義 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="共產主義" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%25C5%258Dng-s%25C3%25A1n-ch%25C3%25BA-g%25C4%25AB" title="Kiōng-sán-chú-gī – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kiōng-sán-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25B1%25E7%2594%25A2%25E4%25B8%25BB%25E7%25BE%25A9" title="共產主義 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="共產主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Dátum a čas poslednej úpravy tejto stránky: 13. február 2024, 21:51.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Obsah je dostupný pod licenciou <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sk">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, pokiaľ nie je uvedené 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