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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ruling nawab families</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ruling_nawab_families-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ruling nawab families subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ruling_nawab_families-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Nawabi dynasties acceding to India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_in_India_abolished_before_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawabi_dynasties_in_India_abolished_before_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Nawabi dynasties in India abolished before independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_in_India_abolished_before_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Nawabi dynasties acceding to Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Nawabi dynasties acceding to Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_dynasties_which_became_political_pensioners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_dynasties_which_became_political_pensioners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Former dynasties which became political pensioners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_dynasties_which_became_political_pensioners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rohilla_Confederation[3]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rohilla_Confederation[3]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Rohilla Confederation<sup><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rohilla_Confederation[3]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscellaneous_nawabs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miscellaneous_nawabs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Miscellaneous nawabs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Miscellaneous_nawabs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Miscellaneous nawabs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Miscellaneous_nawabs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personal_nawabs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_nawabs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Personal nawabs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_nawabs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nawab_as_a_court_rank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawab_as_a_court_rank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Nawab as a court rank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawab_as_a_court_rank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_titles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_titles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Related titles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Related_titles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Related titles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Related_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nawabzada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawabzada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Nawabzada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawabzada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naib_(Ottoman,_Iranian,_Arabic_title)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naib_(Ottoman,_Iranian,_Arabic_title)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Naib (Ottoman, Iranian, Arabic title)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naib_(Ottoman,_Iranian,_Arabic_title)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Nabob",_derived_colloquial_term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Nabob",_derived_colloquial_term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>"Nabob", derived colloquial term</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Nabob",_derived_colloquial_term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indian_states_formerly_ruled_by_Nawabs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_states_formerly_ruled_by_Nawabs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Indian states formerly ruled by Nawabs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_states_formerly_ruled_by_Nawabs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A)" title="نواب (لقب سياسي) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نواب (لقب سياسي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC" title="নবাব – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নবাব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Набаб – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Набаб" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabab" title="Nabab – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nabab" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabab" title="Nabab – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nabab" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8)" title="نواب (لقب) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نواب (لقب)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EC%99%80%EB%B8%8C" title="나와브 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나와브" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC" title="नवाब – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नवाब" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabobo" title="Nabobo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nabobo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naib" title="Naib – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Naib" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nababbo" title="Nababbo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nababbo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AC" title="ನವಾಬ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನವಾಬ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nav%C3%A1b" title="Naváb – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Naváb" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="നവാബ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നവാബ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC" title="नवाब – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नवाब" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%96" title="ナワーブ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナワーブ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navob" title="Navob – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Navob" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC" title="ਨਵਾਬ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਵਾਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabab" title="Nabab – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nabab" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nababo" title="Nababo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nababo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Набоб – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Набоб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navab" title="Navab – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Navab" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Набоб – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Набоб" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevvab" title="Nevvab – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nevvab" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B1_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Набоб (правитель) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Набоб (правитель)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="نواب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نواب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nawab" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%93%A6%E5%8D%9C" title="納瓦卜 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="納瓦卜" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q23017648#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nawab" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Nawab" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mughal title given to Muslim rulers of princely states in the Indian subcontinent</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the honorific title. For the nawab butterfly, see <a href="/wiki/Polyura" title="Polyura">Polyura</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Naib" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Naib_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Naib (disambiguation)">Naib (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Monarchy" title="Category:Monarchy">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Imperial,_royal_and_noble_ranks" title="Imperial, royal and noble ranks">Imperial, royal, noble, gentry and chivalric ranks</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pahlavi_Crown_of_Imperial_Iran_(heraldry).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Pahlavi_Crown_of_Imperial_Iran_%28heraldry%29.svg/120px-Pahlavi_Crown_of_Imperial_Iran_%28heraldry%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Pahlavi_Crown_of_Imperial_Iran_%28heraldry%29.svg/180px-Pahlavi_Crown_of_Imperial_Iran_%28heraldry%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Pahlavi_Crown_of_Imperial_Iran_%28heraldry%29.svg/240px-Pahlavi_Crown_of_Imperial_Iran_%28heraldry%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="171" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emperor" title="Emperor">Emperor</a>: <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">Caliph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shahanshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Kings" title="King of Kings">King of Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padishah" title="Padishah">Padishah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banbishn" title="Banbishn">Banbishn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Sultans" title="Sultan of Sultans">Sultan of Sultans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakravarti_(Sanskrit_term)" title="Chakravarti (Sanskrit term)">Chakravarti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor#Indian_subcontinent" title="Emperor">Samrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharajadhiraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharajadhiraja">Maharajadhiraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Khagan</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King" title="King">King</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maharaja" title="Maharaja">Maharaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharana" title="Maharana">Maharana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik" title="Malik">Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultana_(title)" title="Sultana (title)">Sultana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahbanu" title="Shahbanu">Shahbanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirvanshah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shirvanshah">Shirvanshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatun" title="Khatun">Khatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatun">Hatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dey" title="Dey">Dey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizam_(title)" title="Nizam (title)">Nizam</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nawab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-umara" title="Amir al-umara">Amir al-umara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khagan_Bek" title="Khagan Bek">Khagan Bek</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince" title="Prince">Prince</a> or <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">Duke</a>: <a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">Emir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh" title="Sheikh">Sheikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rana_(title)" title="Rana (title)">Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikhshid" title="Ikhshid">Ikhshid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beylerbey" title="Beylerbey">Beylerbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasha" title="Pasha">Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babu_(title)" title="Babu (title)">Babu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">Sardar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandal_(surname)" title="Mandal (surname)">Mandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patil_(title)" title="Patil (title)">Patil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_(title)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja (title)">Rajkumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahibzada" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahibzada">Sahibzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhatrapati" title="Chhatrapati">Chhatrapati</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nawab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabzada" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawabzada">Nawabzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuvaraja" title="Yuvaraja">Yuvraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade" title="Şehzade">Şehzade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_(name)" title="Mirza (name)">Mirza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morza" title="Morza">Morza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murzin" title="Murzin">Murzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegin" title="Tegin">Tegin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khedive" title="Khedive">Khedive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam">Nizam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yabghu" title="Yabghu">Yabghu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishkhan_(title)" title="Ishkhan (title)">Ishkhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahzada_(title)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shahzada (title)">Shahzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vali_Ahd" class="mw-redirect" title="Vali Ahd">Vali Ahd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_the_Sa%27id" title="Prince of the Sa'id">Prince of the Sa'id</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_(title)" title="Mir (title)">Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shad_(prince)" title="Shad (prince)">Shad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanum" title="Khanum">Khanum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghatur" title="Baghatur">Baghatur</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earl" title="Earl">Earl</a> or <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">Count</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mankari" title="Mankari">Mankari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Bahadur" title="Dewan Bahadur">Dewan Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak-bey" title="Sanjak-bey">Sancak bey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rao_Bahadur" class="mw-redirect" title="Rao Bahadur">Rao Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_Bahadur" title="Rai Bahadur">Rai Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Bahadur" title="Khan Bahadur">Khan Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atabeg" title="Atabeg">Atabeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boila" title="Boila">Boila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C4%81li" class="mw-redirect" title="Wāli">Wāli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparapet" title="Sparapet">Sparapet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azat" title="Azat">Azat</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viscount" title="Viscount">Viscount</a>: <a href="/wiki/Zamindar" title="Zamindar">Zamindar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Sahib" title="Khan Sahib">Khan Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">Bey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadi_(Ottoman_Empire)" title="Kadi (Ottoman Empire)">Kadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baig" class="mw-redirect" title="Baig">Baig</a> or <a href="/wiki/Begum" title="Begum">Begum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begzada" title="Begzada">Begzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C3%A7_bey" class="mw-redirect" title="Uç bey">Uç bey</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baron" title="Baron">Baron</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lala_(title)" title="Lala (title)">Lala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agha_(Ottoman_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agha (Ottoman Empire)">Agha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazinedar" title="Hazinedar">Hazinedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rais" title="Rais">Rais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagirdar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jagirdar">Jagirdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saranjamdar" title="Saranjamdar">Saranjamdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taluqdar" title="Taluqdar">Taluqdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarafdar" title="Tarafdar">Tarafdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikdar" title="Sikdar">Sikdar</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li>Royal house: <a href="/wiki/Damat" title="Damat">Damat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Gurkani</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobleman" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobleman">Nobleman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jenmi" title="Jenmi">Jenmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mankari" title="Mankari">Mankari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_(title)" title="Mian (title)">Mian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_(name)" title="Mirza (name)">Mirza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasha" title="Pasha">Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">Bey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baig" class="mw-redirect" title="Baig">Baig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begzada" title="Begzada">Begzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Dawla" title="Al-Dawla">al-Dawla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibi_(title)" title="Bibi (title)">Bibi</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; line-height:130%"> <ul><li>Governmental: <a href="/wiki/Lala_(title)" title="Lala (title)">Lala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vizier" title="Vizier">Vizier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan" title="Dewan">Dewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agha_(Ottoman_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agha (Ottoman Empire)">Agha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haldar" title="Haldar">Haldar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howlader" class="mw-redirect" title="Howlader">Hawladar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazinedar" title="Hazinedar">Hazinedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faujdar" title="Faujdar">Faujdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambardar" title="Lambardar">Lambardar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mridha" title="Mridha">Mridha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayak_(title)" title="Nayak (title)">Nayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chowdhury" title="Chowdhury">Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostowfi_ol-Mamalek_(title)" title="Mostowfi ol-Mamalek (title)">Mostowfi ol-Mamalek</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Royal_and_noble_ranks_of_West,_Central,_Southern_Asia,_and_North_Africa" title="Template:Royal and noble ranks of West, Central, Southern Asia, and North Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Royal_and_noble_ranks_of_West,_Central,_Southern_Asia,_and_North_Africa" title="Template talk:Royal and noble ranks of West, Central, Southern Asia, and North Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Royal_and_noble_ranks_of_West,_Central,_Southern_Asia,_and_North_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Royal and noble ranks of West, Central, Southern Asia, and North Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nawab</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Royal_title" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal title">royal title</a> indicating a ruler, often of a South Asian state, in many ways comparable to the western title of <a href="/wiki/Prince" title="Prince">Prince</a>. The relationship of a Nawab to the Emperor of India has been compared to that of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Kings of Saxony</a> to the <a href="/wiki/German_Emperor" title="German Emperor">German Emperor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In earlier times the title was ratified and bestowed by the reigning <a href="/wiki/Mughal_emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal emperor">Mughal emperor</a> to semi-autonomous <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> rulers of subdivisions or <a href="/wiki/Princely_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Princely states">princely states</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a> loyal to the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a>, for example the <a href="/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal" title="Nawabs of Bengal">Nawabs of Bengal</a>. </p><p>"Nawab" usually refers to males and literally means <i>Viceroy</i>; the female equivalent is "<a href="/wiki/Begum" title="Begum">Begum</a>" or "<i>Nawab Begum</i>". The primary duty of a Nawab was to uphold the sovereignty of the Mughal emperor along with the administration of a certain province. </p><p>The title of "nawabi" was also awarded as a personal distinction by the paramount power, similar to a <a href="/wiki/British_peerage" class="mw-redirect" title="British peerage">British peerage</a>, to persons and families who ruled a princely state for various services to the Government of <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">India</a>. In some cases, the titles were also accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Jagir" title="Jagir">jagir</a> grants, either in cash revenues and allowances or land-holdings. During the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>, some of the chiefs, or <a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">sardars</a>, of large or important tribes were also given the title, in addition to traditional titles already held by virtue of chieftainship. </p><p>The term <i>"<a href="/wiki/Zamindar" title="Zamindar">Zamindari</a>"</i> was originally used for the <i><a href="/wiki/Subahdar" title="Subahdar">subahdar</a></i> (provincial governor) or viceroy of a <i><a href="/wiki/Subah_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Subah (province)">subah</a></i> (province) or regions of the Mughal Empire. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Clive.jpg/200px-Clive.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Clive.jpg/300px-Clive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Clive.jpg/400px-Clive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1870" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robert_Clive" title="Robert Clive">Robert Clive</a>, meeting with <a href="/wiki/Mir_Jafar" title="Mir Jafar">Mir Jafar</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Hayman" title="Francis Hayman">Francis Hayman</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sadeq_Mohammad_Khan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Sadeq_Mohammad_Khan.jpg/170px-Sadeq_Mohammad_Khan.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Sadeq_Mohammad_Khan.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="325" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Sadeq_Mohammad_Khan_V" title="Sadeq Mohammad Khan V">Nawab Sir Sadeq Mohammad Khan V</a>, the last ruling Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur" title="Bahawalpur">Bahawalpur</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Nawab was a <a href="/wiki/Hindustani_language" title="Hindustani language">Hindustani</a> term, used in <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto</a> and many other North-Indian languages, borrowed via <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> honorific plural of <i>naib</i>, or "deputy." In some areas, especially <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, the term is pronounced <i>nobab</i>. This later variation has also entered English and other foreign languages as <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nabob" class="extiw" title="wikt:nabob">nabob</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asif_musicians_1812.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Asif_musicians_1812.jpg/250px-Asif_musicians_1812.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Asif_musicians_1812.jpg/375px-Asif_musicians_1812.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Asif_musicians_1812.jpg/500px-Asif_musicians_1812.jpg 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>The winter <a href="/wiki/Divan" title="Divan">diwan</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> nawab</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Subahdar" title="Subahdar">Subahdar</a> was the head of the Mughal provincial administration. He was assisted by the provincial <i>Diwan</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bakhshi_(Mughal_Empire)" title="Bakhshi (Mughal Empire)">Bakhshi</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Faujdar" title="Faujdar">Faujdar</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kotwal" title="Kotwal">Kotwal</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Qadi" title="Qadi">Qazi</a></i>, <i>Sadr</i>, <i>Waqa-i-Navis</i>, <i>Qanungo</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Patwari" class="mw-redirect" title="Patwari">Patwari</a></i>. As the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal empire">Mughal empire</a> began to dissolve in the early 18th century, many <i>subahs</i> became effectively independent.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitworth1885_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitworth1885-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>nawaab</i> is often used to refer to any Muslim ruler in north or <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">south India</a> while the term <i><a href="/wiki/Nizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam">nizam</a></i> is preferred for a senior official; it literally means "governor of region". The <a href="/wiki/Nizam_of_Hyderabad" title="Nizam of Hyderabad">Nizam of Hyderabad</a> had several nawabs under him: Nawabs of Cuddapah, Sira, Rajahmundry, Kurnool, Chicacole, et al. <i>Nizam</i> was his personal title, awarded by the Mughal Government and based on the term <i>nazim</i> as meaning "senior officer". <i>Nazim</i> is still used for a district collector in many parts of India. The term <i>nawab</i> is still technically imprecise, as the title was also awarded to Hindus and <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikhs</a>, as well, and large <a href="/wiki/Zamindar" title="Zamindar">zamindars</a> and not necessarily to all Muslim rulers. With the decline of that empire, the title, and the powers that went with it, became hereditary in the ruling families in the various provinces. </p><p>Under later British rule, nawabs continued to rule various <a href="/wiki/Princely_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Princely states">princely states</a> of <a href="/wiki/Amb_(princely_state)" title="Amb (princely state)">Amb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur" title="Bahawalpur">Bahawalpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balasinor" title="Balasinor">Balasinor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Baoni">Baoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banganapalle" class="mw-redirect" title="Banganapalle">Banganapalle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhopal" title="Bhopal">Bhopal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambay" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambay">Cambay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaora" title="Jaora">Jaora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Junagadh" title="Junagadh">Junagadh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurnool" title="Kurnool">Kurnool</a> (the main city of Deccan), <a href="/wiki/Kurwai" title="Kurwai">Kurwai</a>, Mamdot, <a href="/wiki/Multan" title="Multan">Multan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palanpur" title="Palanpur">Palanpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi" title="Pataudi">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radhanpur" title="Radhanpur">Radhanpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rampur,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Rampur, Uttar Pradesh">Rampur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malerkotla" title="Malerkotla">Malerkotla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sachin,_Gujarat" title="Sachin, Gujarat">Sachin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tonk_(princely_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonk (princely state)">Tonk</a>. Other former rulers bearing the title, such as the nawabs of Bengal and <a href="/wiki/Oudh_State" title="Oudh State">Awadh</a>, had been deprived by the British or others by the time the Mughal dynasty finally ended in 1857. </p><p>Some princes became nawab by promotion. For example, the ruler of <a href="/wiki/Palanpur" title="Palanpur">Palanpur</a> was "diwan" until 1910, then "nawab sahib". Other nawabs were promoted are restyled to another princely style, or to and back, such as in <a href="/wiki/Rajgarh_State" title="Rajgarh State">Rajgarh</a> a single rawat (rajah) went by nawab. </p><p>The style for a nawab's wife is <i><a href="/wiki/Begum" title="Begum">begum</a></i>. Most of the nawab dynasties were male <a href="/wiki/Primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">primogenitures</a>, although several ruling <a href="/wiki/Begum_of_Bhopal" class="mw-redirect" title="Begum of Bhopal">Begums of Bhopal</a> were a notable exception. </p><p>Before the incorporation of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent#The_Subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Subcontinent</a> into the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>, nawabs ruled the kingdoms of Awadh (or Oudh, encouraged by the British to shed the Mughal suzerainty and assume the imperial style of Badshah), Bengal, <a href="/wiki/Arcot" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcot">Arcot</a> and Bhopal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ruling_nawab_families">Ruling nawab families</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ruling nawab families"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_procession_of_Yusef_Ali_Khan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/The_procession_of_Yusef_Ali_Khan.jpg/220px-The_procession_of_Yusef_Ali_Khan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/The_procession_of_Yusef_Ali_Khan.jpg/330px-The_procession_of_Yusef_Ali_Khan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/The_procession_of_Yusef_Ali_Khan.jpg/440px-The_procession_of_Yusef_Ali_Khan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption><i>The Procession of <a href="/wiki/Yusef_Ali_Khan" title="Yusef Ali Khan">Yusef Ali Khan</a></i>, a painting depicting Yusef Khan on his way to an encampment for the <a href="/wiki/Durbar_(court)" title="Durbar (court)">durbar</a> held at <a href="/wiki/Fatehgarh" title="Fatehgarh">Fatehgarh</a> in 1859</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_India">Nawabi dynasties acceding to India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Nawabi dynasties acceding to India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Nawab of Akbarpur - Asmatara Farida Begum</li> <li>Nawab <a href="/wiki/Mir_Osman_Ali_Khan" title="Mir Osman Ali Khan">Mir Osman Ali Khan Bahadur</a>, the 7th <a href="/wiki/Nizam_of_Hyderabad" title="Nizam of Hyderabad">Nizam of Hyderabad</a></li> <li>Nawab of Ashwath</li> <li>Nawab Babi of <a href="/wiki/Balasinor_State" title="Balasinor State">Balasinor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Banganapalle" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Banganapalle">Nawab of Banganapalle</a>, previously <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Masulipatam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Masulipatam">Masulipatam</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Baoni_State" title="Baoni State">Baoni</a></li> <li>Nawab of Basai, Nawab Khwaja Muhammad Khan</li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Berar_Province" title="Berar Province">Berar</a> styled Mirza of Berar (title held by the heir to the <a href="/wiki/Nizam_of_Hyderabad" title="Nizam of Hyderabad">Nizam of Hyderabad</a>)</li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Bhikampur_and_Datawali_(Aligarh)_State" title="Bhikampur and Datawali (Aligarh) State">Bhikampur and Datawali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Bhopal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Bhopal">Nawab of Bhopal</a> (female rulers were known as Nawab Begum)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambay_State" title="Cambay State">Nawabs of Cambay</a></li> <li>the former <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_the_Carnatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of the Carnatic">Nawabs of the Carnatic</a>, restyled Princes of Arcot</li> <li>Nawab of Dujana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Farrukhabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Farrukhabad">Nawab of Farrukhabad</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Jaora_State" title="Jaora State">Jaora</a></li> <li>Nawab Sahib of <a href="/wiki/Junagadh_State" title="Junagadh State">Junagadh</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Malerkotla_State" title="Malerkotla State">Malerkotla</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Mohammadgarh_State" title="Mohammadgarh State">Muhammadgarh</a></li> <li>Nawab Sahib of <a href="/wiki/Palanpur_State" title="Palanpur State">Palanpur</a> (<i>Diwan</i> until 1910)</li> <li>Nawab of Awadh</li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Pathari_State" title="Pathari State">Pathari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Radhanpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Radhanpur">Nawab of Radhanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Rampur" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Rampur">Nawab of Rampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Sachin" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Sachin">Nawab of Sachin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Sardhana" title="Nawab of Sardhana">Nawab of Sardhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Tonk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Tonk">Nawab of Tonk</a>, India</li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Ghazipur" title="Ghazipur">Ghazipur</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawabi_dynasties_in_India_abolished_before_independence">Nawabi dynasties in India abolished before independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Nawabi dynasties in India abolished before independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Kurwai" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Kurwai">Nawab of Kurwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Pataudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Pataudi">Nawab of Pataudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Savanur" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Savanur">Nawab of Savanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Mamdot" title="Nawab of Mamdot">Nawab of Mamdot</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Tarakote_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarakote State">Tarakote State</a></li> <li>Nawab of Farukhnagar</li> <li>Nawab of Jhajjar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Surat" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Surat">Nawab of Surat</a></li> <li>Nawab of Mohna</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Pakistan">Nawabi dynasties acceding to Pakistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Nawabi dynasties acceding to Pakistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Kalabagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Kalabagh">Nawab of Kalabagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Amb" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Amb">Nawab of Amb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Bahawalpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Bahawalpur">Nawab of Bahawalpur</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Dir_(princely_state)" title="Dir (princely state)">Dir</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Swat_(princely_state)" title="Swat (princely state)">Swat</a></li> <li>Nawab Sahib of <a href="/wiki/Junagadh" title="Junagadh">Junagadh</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Kharan_(princely_state)" title="Kharan (princely state)">Kharan</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Maler_Kotla" class="mw-redirect" title="Maler Kotla">Maler Kotla</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Jogezai" title="Jogezai">Jogezai</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Bugti" title="Bugti">Bugti</a></li> <li>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Marri_(tribe)" title="Marri (tribe)">Marri (tribe)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nawab</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sanghar" title="Sanghar">Sanghar</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawabi_dynasties_acceding_to_Bangladesh">Nawabi dynasties acceding to Bangladesh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Nawabi dynasties acceding to Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Bengal">Nawab of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Dhaka" title="Nawab of Dhaka">Nawab of Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Longla" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Longla">Nawab of Longla</a> (Sylhet)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_dynasties_which_became_political_pensioners">Former dynasties which became political pensioners</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Former dynasties which became political pensioners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padshah-i-Oudh" class="mw-redirect" title="Padshah-i-Oudh">Padshah-i-Oudh</a>, formerly <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Awadh" title="Nawab of Awadh">Nawab Wazir</a> of Awadh,</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>also imperial <a href="/wiki/Vizier" title="Vizier">Wazir</a> of all Mughal India, both hereditary</dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal" title="Nawabs of Bengal">Nawabs of Bengal</a>, as <a href="/wiki/Nawabs_of_Murshidabad" title="Nawabs of Murshidabad">Nawabs of Murshidabad</a></li> <li>Nawab of Marauli</li> <li>Nawab of Patna</li> <li>Nawab of Surat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Longla" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Longla">Nawab of Longla</a> (Sylhet)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rohilla_Confederation[3]"><span id="Rohilla_Confederation.5B3.5D"></span>Rohilla Confederation<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Rohilla Confederation[3]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All of these states were at some point under the authority of the Nawab of Rohilkhand, later made the Nawab of Rampur. Most of these states were annexed at the close of the <a href="/wiki/First_Rohilla_War" title="First Rohilla War">First Rohilla War</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Nawab of Badaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Nawab of Moradabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Nawab of Bareilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Nawab of Najibabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Nawab of Philibit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Nawab of Farrukhabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Nawab of Bisollee</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Miscellaneous_nawabs">Miscellaneous nawabs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous nawabs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_nawabs">Personal nawabs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Personal nawabs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The title <i>nawab</i> was also awarded as a personal distinction by the paramount power, similarly to a <a href="/wiki/British_peerage" class="mw-redirect" title="British peerage">British peerage</a>, to persons and families who never ruled a princely state. For the Muslim elite various Mughal-type titles were introduced, including nawab. Among the noted British creations of this type were Nawab <a href="/wiki/Hashim_Ali_Khan" title="Hashim Ali Khan">Hashim Ali Khan</a> (1858–1940), Nawab <a href="/wiki/Khwaja_Abdul_Ghani" title="Khwaja Abdul Ghani">Khwaja Abdul Ghani</a> (1813–1896), <a href="/wiki/Nawab_Abdul_Latif" title="Nawab Abdul Latif">Nawab Abdul Latif</a> (1828–1893), Nawab <a href="/wiki/Faizunnesa_Choudhurani" class="mw-redirect" title="Faizunnesa Choudhurani">Faizunnesa Choudhurani</a> (1834–1904), Nawab <a href="/wiki/Syed_Nawab_Ali_Chowdhury" title="Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury">Ali Chowdhury</a> (1863–1929), <a href="/wiki/Nawaab_Syed_Shamsul_Huda" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawaab Syed Shamsul Huda">Nawaab Syed Shamsul Huda</a> (1862–1922), <a href="/wiki/Nawab_Sirajul_Islam" title="Nawab Sirajul Islam">Nawab Sirajul Islam</a> (1848–1923), <a href="/wiki/Nawab_Alam_yar_jung_Bahadur" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab Alam yar jung Bahadur">Nawab Alam yar jung Bahadur</a>, M.A, Madras, B.A., B.C.L., Barr-At-Law (1890–1974). There also were the Nawabs of Dhanbari, Nawabs of Ratanpur, Nawabs of <a href="/wiki/Baroda" class="mw-redirect" title="Baroda">Baroda</a> and such others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawab_as_a_court_rank">Nawab as a court rank</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Nawab as a court rank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saadat_Ali_Khan_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Saadat_Ali_Khan_I.jpg/150px-Saadat_Ali_Khan_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Saadat_Ali_Khan_I.jpg/225px-Saadat_Ali_Khan_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Saadat_Ali_Khan_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="226" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>A picture of whom is believed to be the first ever "Nawab" of <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a>, "Saadat Ali Khan I" of <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Awadh" title="Nawab of Awadh">Awadh</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Nawab</i> was also the rank title—again not an office—of a much lower class of <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> nobles—in fact retainers—at the court of the <a href="/wiki/Nizam_of_Hyderabad" title="Nizam of Hyderabad">Nizam of Hyderabad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Berar_Province" title="Berar Province">Berar</a> State, ranking only above <a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">Khan Bahadur</a> and Khan, but under (in ascending order) <a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">Jang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Dawla" title="Al-Dawla">Daula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malik" title="Malik">Mulk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umara" class="mw-redirect" title="Umara">Umara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jah" title="Jah">Jah</a>; the equivalent for Hindu courtiers was <a href="/wiki/Raja_Bahadur" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja Bahadur">Raja Bahadur</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_titles">Related titles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Related titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawabzada">Nawabzada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Nawabzada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Navab%27s_arrival_before_Clive%27s_position.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/The_Navab%27s_arrival_before_Clive%27s_position.jpg/220px-The_Navab%27s_arrival_before_Clive%27s_position.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/The_Navab%27s_arrival_before_Clive%27s_position.jpg/330px-The_Navab%27s_arrival_before_Clive%27s_position.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/The_Navab%27s_arrival_before_Clive%27s_position.jpg/440px-The_Navab%27s_arrival_before_Clive%27s_position.jpg 2x" data-file-width="558" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Bengal">Nawab of Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mir_Qasim" title="Mir Qasim">Mir Qasim</a> 1757</figcaption></figure> <p>This style, adding the Persian suffix <i>-zada</i> which means son (or other male descendants; see other cases in prince), etymologically fits a nawab’s sons, but in actual practice various dynasties established other customs. </p><p>For example, in <a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur_(princely_state)" title="Bahawalpur (princely state)">Bahawalpur</a> only the nawbab's <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> used <i>nawabzada</i> before his personal name, then <i>Khan Abassi</i>, finally <i>Wali Ahad Bahadur</i> (an enhancement of Wali Ehed), while the other sons of the ruling nawab used the style <a href="/wiki/Sahibzada" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahibzada">sahibzada</a> before the personal name and only Khan Abassi behind. "Nawabzadi" implies daughters of the reigning nawbab. </p><p>Elsewhere, there were rulers who were not styled nawbab yet awarded a title nawabzada to others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naib_(Ottoman,_Iranian,_Arabic_title)"><span id="Naib_.28Ottoman.2C_Iranian.2C_Arabic_title.29"></span>Naib (Ottoman, Iranian, Arabic title)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Naib (Ottoman, Iranian, Arabic title)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Dar_Niaba" title="Dar Niaba">Dar Niaba</a></div> <p>The word <i>naib</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">نائب</span>) has been historically used to refer to any <a href="/wiki/Suzerain" class="mw-redirect" title="Suzerain">suzerain</a> leader, <a href="/wiki/Feudatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Feudatory">feudatory</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> in some parts of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, successive early modern <a href="/wiki/Persianate" class="mw-redirect" title="Persianate">Persianate</a> kingdoms (<a href="/wiki/Safavids" class="mw-redirect" title="Safavids">Safavids</a>, etc.), and in the eastern <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> (e.g. during <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Imamate" title="Caucasian Imamate">Caucasian Imamate</a>). In the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Morocco" title="Sultanate of Morocco">Sultanate of Morocco</a>, the Naib was the Sultan's <a href="/wiki/Ambassador" title="Ambassador">emissary</a> to the foreign legations in <a href="/wiki/Tangier" title="Tangier">Tangier</a> between 1848 and 1923, when the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Tangier_International_Zone" title="Tangier International Zone">Tangier International Zone</a> led to its replacement by the office of the <a href="/wiki/Mendoub" title="Mendoub">Mendoub</a>. </p><p>Today, the word is used to refer to directly elected legislators in lower houses of parliament in many Arabic-speaking areas to contrast them against officers of upper houses (or <a href="/wiki/Shura" title="Shura">Shura</a>). The term <a href="/wiki/Majlis_al-Nuwwab_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Majlis al-Nuwwab (disambiguation)">Majlis al-Nuwwab</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مجلس النواب</span>, literally <i>council of deputies</i>) has been adopted as the name of several legislative lower houses and unicameral legislatures. </p><p>"Naib" has also been used in the <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay language</a> (especially of the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian language">Malaysian variant</a>) to translate the component of "deputy" or "vice" in certain titles (e.g "Vice President" - <i>Naib Presiden</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aside from <i>timbalan</i> and <i>wakil</i> (latter predominant in the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian variant</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id=""Nabob",_derived_colloquial_term"><span id=".22Nabob.22.2C_derived_colloquial_term"></span>"Nabob", derived colloquial term</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: "Nabob", derived colloquial term"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Nabob_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Nabob (disambiguation)">Nabob (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p>In colloquial usage in English (since 1612),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adopted in other Western languages, the <a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">transliteration</a> "nabob" refers to commoners: a merchant-leader of high social status and wealth. "Nabob" derives from the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> pronunciation of "nawab": <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: <span lang="bn">নবাব</span> <i>nôbab</i>. </p><p>During the 18th century in particular, it was widely used as a disparaging term for British merchants or administrators who, having made a fortune in India, returned to Britain and aspired to be recognised as having the higher social status that their new wealth would enable them to maintain. <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(novel)#Joseph_Sedley" title="Vanity Fair (novel)">Jos Sedley</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(novel)" title="Vanity Fair (novel)">Thackeray's <i>Vanity Fair</i></a> is probably the best known example in fiction. </p><p>From this specific usage it came to be sometimes used for ostentatiously rich businesspeople in general. </p><p>"Nabob" can also be used metaphorically for people who have a grandiose sense of their own importance, as in the famous alliterative dismissal of the news media as "<i>nattering nabobs of negativism</i>" in a speech that was delivered by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>'s vice president <a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Spiro Agnew</a> and written by <a href="/wiki/William_Safire" title="William Safire">William Safire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some Nawabs of India</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Azim-ud-Daula"><img alt="Azim-ud-Daula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg/125px-Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg/188px-Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg/250px-Major-General_the_Hon._Arthur_Wellesley_being_received_in_durbar_at_the_Chepauk_Palace_Madras_by_Azim_al-Daula_Nawab_of_the_Carnatic_18th_February_1805.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3918" data-file-height="2749" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Azim-ud-Daula" title="Azim-ud-Daula">Azim-ud-Daula</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oziashumphrey.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hyder Beg Khan of Awadh"><img alt="Hyder Beg Khan of Awadh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Oziashumphrey.jpg/82px-Oziashumphrey.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Oziashumphrey.jpg/124px-Oziashumphrey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Oziashumphrey.jpg/165px-Oziashumphrey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="495" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hyder Beg Khan of <a href="/wiki/Awadh" title="Awadh">Awadh</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CheetahHunt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nawabs hunting a blackbuck with their Asiatic cheetah"><img alt="Nawabs hunting a blackbuck with their Asiatic cheetah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CheetahHunt.jpg/125px-CheetahHunt.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CheetahHunt.jpg/188px-CheetahHunt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CheetahHunt.jpg/250px-CheetahHunt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1419" data-file-height="988" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nawabs hunting a <a href="/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">blackbuck</a> with their <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_cheetah" title="Asiatic cheetah">Asiatic cheetah</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Javanbakht.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nawab of Awadh (left) and Mughal prince and Heir apparent Mirza Jawan Bakht (right)"><img alt="Nawab of Awadh (left) and Mughal prince and Heir apparent Mirza Jawan Bakht (right)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Javanbakht.jpg/125px-Javanbakht.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Javanbakht.jpg/188px-Javanbakht.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Javanbakht.jpg/250px-Javanbakht.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="236" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Awadh" title="Nawab of Awadh">Nawab of Awadh</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal prince</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">Heir apparent</a> <a href="/wiki/Mirza_Jawan_Bakht_(born_1749)" title="Mirza Jawan Bakht (born 1749)">Mirza Jawan Bakht</a> (right)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cheetahs_nawab_oudh1844.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nawabs and cheetahs"><img alt="Nawabs and cheetahs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Cheetahs_nawab_oudh1844.jpg/125px-Cheetahs_nawab_oudh1844.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Cheetahs_nawab_oudh1844.jpg/188px-Cheetahs_nawab_oudh1844.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Cheetahs_nawab_oudh1844.jpg/250px-Cheetahs_nawab_oudh1844.jpg 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="369" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nawabs and <a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">cheetahs</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nawab_of_Kalabagh_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_khan.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nawab Malik Amir Mohammad Khan The Nawab of Kalabagh and chief of the Awan tribe"><img alt="Nawab Malik Amir Mohammad Khan The Nawab of Kalabagh and chief of the Awan tribe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nawab_of_Kalabagh_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_khan.jpeg/100px-Nawab_of_Kalabagh_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_khan.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nawab_of_Kalabagh_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_khan.jpeg/150px-Nawab_of_Kalabagh_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_khan.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nawab_of_Kalabagh_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_khan.jpeg/200px-Nawab_of_Kalabagh_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_khan.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="314" data-file-height="314" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nawab_Malik_Amir_Mohammad_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab Malik Amir Mohammad Khan">Nawab Malik Amir Mohammad Khan</a> The <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Kalabagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Kalabagh">Nawab of Kalabagh</a> and chief of the Awan tribe</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Nawab_of_Awadh,_Lucknow,_India._19th_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Afsharids and a Mughal nawab"><img alt="Afsharids and a Mughal nawab" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/A_Nawab_of_Awadh%2C_Lucknow%2C_India._19th_century.jpg/125px-A_Nawab_of_Awadh%2C_Lucknow%2C_India._19th_century.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/A_Nawab_of_Awadh%2C_Lucknow%2C_India._19th_century.jpg/188px-A_Nawab_of_Awadh%2C_Lucknow%2C_India._19th_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/A_Nawab_of_Awadh%2C_Lucknow%2C_India._19th_century.jpg/250px-A_Nawab_of_Awadh%2C_Lucknow%2C_India._19th_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Afsharid" class="mw-redirect" title="Afsharid">Afsharids</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> nawab</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stinger_Lawrence_and_Nawab_Wallajah.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah the Nawab of Carnatic"><img alt="Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah the Nawab of Carnatic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stinger_Lawrence_and_Nawab_Wallajah.JPG/68px-Stinger_Lawrence_and_Nawab_Wallajah.JPG" decoding="async" width="68" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stinger_Lawrence_and_Nawab_Wallajah.JPG/102px-Stinger_Lawrence_and_Nawab_Wallajah.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stinger_Lawrence_and_Nawab_Wallajah.JPG/136px-Stinger_Lawrence_and_Nawab_Wallajah.JPG 2x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="474" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Muhammed_Ali_Khan_Wallajah" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah">Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah</a> the <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Carnatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Carnatic">Nawab of Carnatic</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nawab_shuja_ud_daulah.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shuja-ud-Daula the Nawab of Awadh"><img alt="Shuja-ud-Daula the Nawab of Awadh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nawab_shuja_ud_daulah.jpg/85px-Nawab_shuja_ud_daulah.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nawab_shuja_ud_daulah.jpg/128px-Nawab_shuja_ud_daulah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nawab_shuja_ud_daulah.jpg/170px-Nawab_shuja_ud_daulah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shuja-ud-Daula" title="Shuja-ud-Daula">Shuja-ud-Daula</a> the <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Awadh" title="Nawab of Awadh">Nawab of Awadh</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shujah_ud-Daulah_and_his_sons_shoberl.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shuja-ud-Daula and his sons and relative"><img alt="Shuja-ud-Daula and his sons and relative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Shujah_ud-Daulah_and_his_sons_shoberl.jpg/121px-Shujah_ud-Daulah_and_his_sons_shoberl.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Shujah_ud-Daulah_and_his_sons_shoberl.jpg/181px-Shujah_ud-Daulah_and_his_sons_shoberl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Shujah_ud-Daulah_and_his_sons_shoberl.jpg/242px-Shujah_ud-Daulah_and_his_sons_shoberl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="621" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shuja-ud-Daula" title="Shuja-ud-Daula">Shuja-ud-Daula</a> and his sons and relative</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Third_battle_of_Panipat_13_January_1761.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nawabs in battle during the Battle of Panipat (1761)"><img alt="Nawabs in battle during the Battle of Panipat (1761)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/The_Third_battle_of_Panipat_13_January_1761.jpg/125px-The_Third_battle_of_Panipat_13_January_1761.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/The_Third_battle_of_Panipat_13_January_1761.jpg/188px-The_Third_battle_of_Panipat_13_January_1761.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/The_Third_battle_of_Panipat_13_January_1761.jpg/250px-The_Third_battle_of_Panipat_13_January_1761.jpg 2x" data-file-width="909" data-file-height="712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nawabs in battle during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Panipat_(1761)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Panipat (1761)">Battle of Panipat (1761)</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Death_of_the_Nabob_of_the_Carnatic_by_Paul_Philippoteaux.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nawab of the Carnatic in battle"><img alt="Nawab of the Carnatic in battle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Death_of_the_Nabob_of_the_Carnatic_by_Paul_Philippoteaux.jpg/69px-Death_of_the_Nabob_of_the_Carnatic_by_Paul_Philippoteaux.jpg" decoding="async" width="69" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Death_of_the_Nabob_of_the_Carnatic_by_Paul_Philippoteaux.jpg/104px-Death_of_the_Nabob_of_the_Carnatic_by_Paul_Philippoteaux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Death_of_the_Nabob_of_the_Carnatic_by_Paul_Philippoteaux.jpg/139px-Death_of_the_Nabob_of_the_Carnatic_by_Paul_Philippoteaux.jpg 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="824" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_the_Carnatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of the Carnatic">Nawab of the Carnatic</a> in battle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Nawab_of_Mughal_dynasty,_India,_17th-18th_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A nawab, during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan"><img alt="A nawab, during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/A_Nawab_of_Mughal_dynasty%2C_India%2C_17th-18th_century.jpg/55px-A_Nawab_of_Mughal_dynasty%2C_India%2C_17th-18th_century.jpg" decoding="async" width="55" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/A_Nawab_of_Mughal_dynasty%2C_India%2C_17th-18th_century.jpg/82px-A_Nawab_of_Mughal_dynasty%2C_India%2C_17th-18th_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/A_Nawab_of_Mughal_dynasty%2C_India%2C_17th-18th_century.jpg/110px-A_Nawab_of_Mughal_dynasty%2C_India%2C_17th-18th_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="1088" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A nawab, during the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal Emperor">Mughal Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Shah_Jahan" title="Shah Jahan">Shah Jahan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan the Nawab of Bengal"><img alt="Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan the Nawab of Bengal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan.jpg/74px-Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan.jpg/112px-Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan.jpg/149px-Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="537" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shuja-ud-Din_Muhammad_Khan" title="Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan">Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan</a> the <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Bengal">Nawab of Bengal</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Anwaruddin.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan the Nawab of the Carnatic"><img alt="Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan the Nawab of the Carnatic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Muhammad_Anwaruddin.jpg/66px-Muhammad_Anwaruddin.jpg" decoding="async" width="66" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Muhammad_Anwaruddin.jpg/98px-Muhammad_Anwaruddin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Muhammad_Anwaruddin.jpg/131px-Muhammad_Anwaruddin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="244" data-file-height="371" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Anwaruddin_Muhammed_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan">Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan</a> the <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_the_Carnatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of the Carnatic">Nawab of the Carnatic</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nawab_of_Bengal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nawab of Bengal"><img alt="Nawab of Bengal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Nawab_of_Bengal.jpg/62px-Nawab_of_Bengal.jpg" decoding="async" width="62" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Nawab_of_Bengal.jpg/93px-Nawab_of_Bengal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Nawab_of_Bengal.jpg/124px-Nawab_of_Bengal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1858" data-file-height="2996" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Bengal">Nawab of Bengal</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indian_states_formerly_ruled_by_Nawabs">Indian states formerly ruled by Nawabs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Indian states formerly ruled by Nawabs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amb_(princely_state)" title="Amb (princely state)">Amb (Tanoli)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcot" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcot">Arcot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awadh" title="Awadh">Awadh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur" title="Bahawalpur">Bahawalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balasinor" title="Balasinor">Balasinor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banganapalle" class="mw-redirect" title="Banganapalle">Banganapalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Baoni">Baoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berar_Province" title="Berar Province">Berar</a> (nominally under Nizam of Hyderabad)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhopal_State" title="Bhopal State">Bhopal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambay" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambay">Cambay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dir_(princely_state)" title="Dir (princely state)">Dir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrukhabad" title="Farrukhabad">Farrukhabad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrukhnagar" title="Farrukhnagar">Farrukhnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaora" title="Jaora">Jaora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junagadh" title="Junagadh">Junagadh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janjira_State" title="Janjira State">Janjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazipur" title="Ghazipur">Ghazipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakote_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarakote State">Tarakote State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurwai" title="Kurwai">Kurwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalabagh" title="Kalabagh">Kalabagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malerkotla" title="Malerkotla">Malerkotla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamdot" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamdot">Mamdot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manavadar" title="Manavadar">Manavadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warcha" title="Warcha">Warcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palanpur" title="Palanpur">Palanpur</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pataudi" title="Pataudi">Pataudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radhanpur" title="Radhanpur">Radhanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rampur,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Rampur, Uttar Pradesh">Rampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachin,_Gujarat" title="Sachin, Gujarat">Sachin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonk_(princely_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonk (princely state)">Tonk</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subahdar" title="Subahdar">Subahdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Balochi_language" title="Balochi language">Balochi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Shahmukhi" title="Shahmukhi">Shahmukhi</a>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi</a>: <span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">نواب</span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">نواب</span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: <span lang="bn">নবাব/নওয়াব</span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: <span lang="hi">नवाब</span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi" title="Gurmukhi">Gurmukhi</a>)</span>: ਨਵਾਬ</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"also spelled Nawaab, Navaab, Navab, Nowab, Nabob, Nawaabshah, Nawabshah or Nobab</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSir_Robert1893" class="citation book cs1">Sir Robert, Lethbridge (1893). <i>The Golden Handbook of India</i>. p. x.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Handbook+of+India&rft.pages=x&rft.date=1893&rft.aulast=Sir+Robert&rft.aufirst=Lethbridge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANawab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitworth1885-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whitworth1885_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitworth1885" class="citation book cs1">Whitworth, George Clifford (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7tAOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA301">"Subah"</a>. <i>An Anglo-Indian Dictionary: A Glossary of Indian Terms Used in English, and of Such English Or Other Non-Indian Terms as Have Obtained Special Meanings in India</i>. K. Paul, Trench. pp. 301–. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240209112831/https://books.google.com/books?id=7tAOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA301#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Subah&rft.btitle=An+Anglo-Indian+Dictionary%3A+A+Glossary+of+Indian+Terms+Used+in+English%2C+and+of+Such+English+Or+Other+Non-Indian+Terms+as+Have+Obtained+Special+Meanings+in+India&rft.pages=301-&rft.pub=K.+Paul%2C+Trench&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Whitworth&rft.aufirst=George+Clifford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7tAOAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANawab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton" class="citation book cs1">Hamilton, Charles. <i>An Historical Relation of the origin, progress and final dissolution of the Rohilla Afghans in the northern provinces of Hindostan</i>. pp. 90–92.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Historical+Relation+of+the+origin%2C+progress+and+final+dissolution+of+the+Rohilla+Afghans+in+the+northern+provinces+of+Hindostan&rft.pages=90-92&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANawab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=vice&d=139128&#LIHATSINI">"vice - Kamus Bahasa Inggeris"</a>. <i>Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu</i>. <a href="/wiki/Dewan_Bahasa_dan_Pustaka" title="Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka">Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025163245/https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=vice&d=139128&#LIHATSINI">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pusat+Rujukan+Persuratan+Melayu&rft.atitle=vice+-+Kamus+Bahasa+Inggeris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprpm.dbp.gov.my%2FCari1%3Fkeyword%3Dvice%26d%3D139128%26%23LIHATSINI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANawab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nabob?show=0&t=1284641928">Origin of NABOB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161203060951/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nabob?show=0&t=1284641928">Archived</a> 3 December 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved 16 September 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicaldictionary.com/words/nattering-nabobs-of-negativism/">"nattering nabobs of negativism"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170210050026/http://politicaldictionary.com/words/nattering-nabobs-of-negativism/">Archived</a> 10 February 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, PoliticalDictionary.com. Retrieved 7 April 2015.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawab&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkbar2012" class="citation book cs1">Akbar, M Ali (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Dhaka_Nawab_Estate">"Dhaka Nawab Estate"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Islam, Sirajul</a>; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). <i>Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</i> (Second ed.). <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dhaka+Nawab+Estate&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Akbar&rft.aufirst=M+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DDhaka_Nawab_Estate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANawab" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIslam2012" class="citation book cs1">Islam, Sirajul (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Nawab">"Nawab"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Islam, Sirajul</a>; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). <i>Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</i> (Second ed.). <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nawab&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Islam&rft.aufirst=Sirajul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DNawab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANawab" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=nabob&searchmode=none">Etymology OnLine</a></li> <li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Nawab" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Nawab">Nawab</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 317.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nawab&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=317&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANawab" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nawab&oldid=1255907822">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nawab&oldid=1255907822</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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