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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Seychelles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seychelles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>South Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tunisia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tunisia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.5</span> <span>Tunisia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tunisia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zimbabwe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zimbabwe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.6</span> <span>Zimbabwe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zimbabwe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Afghanistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afghanistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Afghanistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afghanistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bhutan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bhutan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Bhutan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bhutan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brunei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brunei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>Brunei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brunei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cambodia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cambodia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.5</span> <span>Cambodia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cambodia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hong_Kong" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hong_Kong"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.6</span> <span>Hong Kong</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hong_Kong-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.7</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.8</span> <span>Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.9</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.10</span> <span>Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.11</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jordan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jordan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.12</span> <span>Jordan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jordan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.13</span> <span>Laos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.14</span> <span>Malaysia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maldives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maldives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.15</span> <span>Maldives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maldives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mongolia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mongolia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.16</span> <span>Mongolia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mongolia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Myanmar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Myanmar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.17</span> <span>Myanmar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Myanmar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nepal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nepal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.18</span> <span>Nepal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nepal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.19</span> <span>North Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.20</span> <span>Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.21</span> <span>Philippines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saudi_Arabia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saudi_Arabia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.22</span> <span>Saudi Arabia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saudi_Arabia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singapore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singapore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.23</span> <span>Singapore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singapore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.24</span> <span>South Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sri_Lanka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sri_Lanka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.25</span> <span>Sri Lanka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sri_Lanka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.26</span> <span>Taiwan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thailand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thailand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.27</span> <span>Thailand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thailand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.28</span> <span>Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Albania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Albania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andorra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andorra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Andorra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andorra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Austria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Austria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Austria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Austria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belgium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belgium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>Belgium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belgium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bulgaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bulgaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.5</span> <span>Bulgaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bulgaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Croatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Croatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.6</span> <span>Croatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Croatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyprus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyprus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.7</span> <span>Cyprus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyprus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czech_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czech_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.8</span> <span>Czech Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czech_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.9</span> <span>Denmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.10</span> <span>Estonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.11</span> <span>Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.12</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guernsey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guernsey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.13</span> <span>Guernsey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guernsey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iceland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iceland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.14</span> <span>Iceland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iceland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.15</span> <span>Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithuania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithuania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.16</span> <span>Lithuania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithuania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.17</span> <span>Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Macedonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Macedonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.18</span> <span>North Macedonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Macedonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.19</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.20</span> <span>Portugal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.21</span> <span>Romania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.22</span> <span>Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serbia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serbia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.23</span> <span>Serbia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serbia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slovakia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slovakia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.24</span> <span>Slovakia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slovakia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slovenia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slovenia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.25</span> <span>Slovenia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slovenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.26</span> <span>Spain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sweden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sweden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.27</span> <span>Sweden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sweden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Switzerland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Switzerland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.28</span> <span>Switzerland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Switzerland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.29</span> <span>Turkey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.30</span> <span>Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.31</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.3</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_America_and_the_Caribbean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_America_and_the_Caribbean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Central America and the Caribbean</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_America_and_the_Caribbean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antigua_and_Barbuda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antigua_and_Barbuda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>Antigua and Barbuda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antigua_and_Barbuda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Bahamas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Bahamas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.2</span> <span>The Bahamas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Bahamas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barbados" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barbados"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.3</span> <span>Barbados</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barbados-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belize" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belize"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.4</span> <span>Belize</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belize-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Costa_Rica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Costa_Rica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.5</span> <span>Costa Rica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Costa_Rica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.6</span> <span>Cuba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dominica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dominica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.7</span> <span>Dominica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dominica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dominican_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dominican_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.8</span> <span>Dominican Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dominican_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guatemala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guatemala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.9</span> <span>Guatemala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guatemala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Haiti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haiti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.10</span> <span>Haiti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haiti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honduras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honduras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.11</span> <span>Honduras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honduras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jamaica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jamaica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.12</span> <span>Jamaica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jamaica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nicaragua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nicaragua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.13</span> <span>Nicaragua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nicaragua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Oceania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.1</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fiji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.2</span> <span>Fiji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French_Polynesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_Polynesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.3</span> <span>French Polynesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_Polynesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.4</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tonga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tonga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.5</span> <span>Tonga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tonga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Argentina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argentina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.1</span> <span>Argentina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argentina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bolivia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bolivia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.2</span> <span>Bolivia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bolivia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brazil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brazil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.3</span> <span>Brazil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brazil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.4</span> <span>Chile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colombia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colombia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.5</span> <span>Colombia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colombia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guyana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guyana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.6</span> <span>Guyana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guyana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paraguay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paraguay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.7</span> <span>Paraguay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paraguay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.8</span> <span>Peru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suriname" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suriname"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.9</span> <span>Suriname</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suriname-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uruguay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uruguay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.10</span> <span>Uruguay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uruguay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.11</span> <span>Venezuela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subnational_plants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subnational_plants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Subnational plants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Subnational_plants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Subnational plants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Subnational_plants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australia_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Norway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Norway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-County_flowers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#County_flowers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>County flowers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-County_flowers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unofficial_plants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unofficial_plants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Unofficial plants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Unofficial_plants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Unofficial plants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Unofficial_plants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Armenia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Armenia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Azerbaijan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Azerbaijan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Azerbaijan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Azerbaijan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belarus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belarus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Belarus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecuador" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecuador"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Ecuador</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecuador-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Egypt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guinea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guinea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Guinea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guinea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of national flowers</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llista_de_flors_estatals" title="Llista de flors estatals – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llista de flors estatals" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_flowers" title="List of national flowers – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="List of national flowers" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Список національних квітів – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Список національних квітів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Nationalism" title="Category:Nationalism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;padding-bottom:0.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Nation" title="Nation">Nation</a> forming</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism_in_Antiquity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalism in Antiquity">Nationalism in Antiquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Nationalism in the Middle Ages">Nationalism in the Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem" title="National anthem">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_church" title="National church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_colours" title="National colours">Colours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem" title="National emblem">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_Nation" title="Father of the Nation">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_flag" title="National flag">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_epic" title="National epic">Epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_god" title="National god">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_identity" title="National identity">Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_language" title="National language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_myth" title="National myth">Myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_sport" title="National sport">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbol" title="National symbol">Symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_treasure" title="National treasure">Treasure</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Core values</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegiance" title="Allegiance">Allegiance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence" title="Independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">Self-determination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity" title="Solidarity">Solidarity</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_nationalism" title="Types of nationalism">Types</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_nationalism" title="African nationalism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-anarchism" title="National-anarchism">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_nationalism" title="Blind nationalism">Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourgeois_nationalism" title="Bourgeois nationalism">Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_nationalism" title="Business nationalism">Business</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_chauvinism" title="Welfare chauvinism">Welfare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_nationalism" title="Civic nationalism">Civic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_nationalism" title="French nationalism">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_patriotism" title="Constitutional patriotism">Constitutional patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate nationalism">Corporate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber-nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyber-nationalism">Cyber-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-nationalism" title="Eco-nationalism">Ecological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_nationalism" title="Economic nationalism">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">Ethnic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnopluralism" title="Ethnopluralism">Ethnopluralism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_nationalism" title="Pan-European nationalism">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansionist_nationalism" title="Expansionist nationalism">Expansionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homonationalism" title="Homonationalism">Homosexual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenism" title="Indigenism">Indigenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integral_nationalism" title="Integral nationalism">Integral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing</a> (<a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">populism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_mysticism" title="National mysticism">Mystic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-nationalism" title="Neo-nationalism">Neo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-nationalism" title="Pan-nationalism">Pan-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_nationalism" title="Racial nationalism">Racial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_nationalism" title="Arab nationalism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_nationalism" title="Black nationalism">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_nationalism" title="Japanese nationalism">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statism_in_Sh%C5%8Dwa_Japan" title="Statism in Shōwa Japan">Shōwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_ethnic_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean ethnic nationalism">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_nationalism" title="White nationalism">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_nationalism" title="Religious nationalism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism" title="Christian nationalism">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Catholicism" title="National Catholicism">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerico-nationalism" title="Clerico-nationalism">Clerical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim nationalism">Muslim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalistan_movement" title="Khalistan movement">Sikh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_nationalism" title="Resource nationalism">Resource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_nationalism" title="Revolutionary nationalism">Revolutionary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_syndicalism" title="National syndicalism">National syndicalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bolshevism" title="National Bolshevism">National Bolshevik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legionarism" class="mw-redirect" title="Legionarism">Legionarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rexism" class="mw-redirect" title="Rexism">Rexism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnocacerism" title="Ethnocacerism">Ethnocacerism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-nationalism" title="Techno-nationalism">Technological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_nationalism" title="Territorial nationalism">Territorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnationalism" title="Transnationalism">Trans-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism" title="Ultranationalism">Ultra-</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism_(Japan)" title="Ultranationalism (Japan)">Japan</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/List_of_nationalist_organizations" title="List of nationalist organizations">List of nationalist organizations</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anationalism">Anationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-nationalism">Anti-nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_movement" title="Anti-globalization movement">Anti-globalization movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banal_nationalism" title="Banal nationalism">Banal nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_religion" title="Civil religion">Civil religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitanism" title="Cosmopolitanism">Cosmopolitanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_nationalism" title="Cultural nationalism">Cultural nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaspora_politics" title="Diaspora politics">Diaspora politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnocentrism" title="Ethnocentrism">Ethnocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociological_Francoism" title="Sociological Francoism">Francoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastronationalism" title="Gastronationalism">Gastronationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism_and_gender" title="Nationalism and gender">Gender and nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalism" title="Globalism">Globalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_historiography" title="Nationalist historiography">Historiography and nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagined_community" title="Imagined community">Imagined community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irredentism" title="Irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a 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title="fr:Principe des nationalités">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revanchism" title="Revanchism">Revanchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival" title="Festival">Seasonal or cultural festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsidiarity" title="Subsidiarity">Subsidiarity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subsidiarity_(Catholicism)" title="Subsidiarity (Catholicism)">in Catholicism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">Xenophobia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.15em;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nationalism_sidebar" title="Template:Nationalism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nationalism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Nationalism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nationalism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nationalism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In a number of countries, plants have been chosen as symbols to represent specific geographic areas. Some countries have a country-wide <b>floral emblem</b>; others in addition have symbols representing subdivisions. Different processes have been used to adopt these symbols – some are conferred by government bodies, whereas others are the result of informal public polls. The term floral emblem, which refers to flowers specifically, is primarily used in Australia and Canada. In the United States, the term <b>state flower</b> is more often used. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_plants">National plants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: National plants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mauritius">Mauritius</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mauritius"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> is <i><a href="/wiki/Ruizia_boutoniana" title="Ruizia boutoniana">Ruizia boutoniana</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nigeria">Nigeria</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Nigeria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of Nigeria is <i><a href="/wiki/Costus_spectabilis" title="Costus spectabilis">Costus spectabilis</a></i> which is commonly known as Yellow Trumpet.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Seychelles">Seychelles</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Seychelles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a> is the tropicbird orchid (known locally as <i>orkid payanke</i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Angraecum_eburneum" title="Angraecum eburneum">Angraecum eburneum</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Protea_cynaroides" title="Protea cynaroides">King Protea</a>, <i>Protea cynaroides</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tunisia">Tunisia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tunisia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> is <a href="/wiki/Jasmine" title="Jasmine">jasmine</a>. It was chosen as a symbol for the <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian Revolution">2010 Tunisian Revolution</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Zimbabwe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloriosa_superba_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gloriosa_superba_1.jpg/220px-Gloriosa_superba_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gloriosa_superba_1.jpg/330px-Gloriosa_superba_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gloriosa_superba_1.jpg/440px-Gloriosa_superba_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5183" data-file-height="3455" /></a><figcaption>Zimbabwe's national flower, the <a href="/wiki/Gloriosa_superba" title="Gloriosa superba">flame lily</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> is the flame lily, <i><a href="/wiki/Gloriosa_superba" title="Gloriosa superba">Gloriosa superba</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Afghanistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Tulip" title="Tulip">Tulip</a>. It is called <i>Lala</i> (لاله) in the <a href="/wiki/Farsi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Farsi language">Farsi language</a> and <i>Khatol</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Nymphaeaceae" title="Nymphaeaceae">water lily</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_nouchali" title="Nymphaea nouchali">Nymphaea nouchali</a></i>. It is called <i>Shapla</i> (শাপলা) in the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali language</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bhutan">Bhutan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bhutan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> is the blue poppy.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously misidentified as the non-native <i><a href="/wiki/Meconopsis_grandis" title="Meconopsis grandis">Meconopsis grandis</a></i>, national flower of Bhutan was identified in 2017 as <i><a href="/wiki/Meconopsis_gakyidiana" title="Meconopsis gakyidiana">Meconopsis gakyidiana</a></i>, a new distinct species.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brunei">Brunei</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Brunei"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> is <a href="/wiki/Simpoh_Ayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Simpoh Ayer">Simpoh Ayer</a> (<i>Dillenia suffruticosa</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cambodia">Cambodia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Cambodia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rumdoul.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Rumdoul.jpg/220px-Rumdoul.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Rumdoul.jpg/330px-Rumdoul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Rumdoul.jpg/440px-Rumdoul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="834" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Cambodia's national flower, the <i>romduol</i></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> formally adopted the <i><a href="/wiki/Romduol" class="mw-redirect" title="Romduol">romduol</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Khmer_language" title="Khmer language">Khmer</a>: <span lang="km">រំដួល</span>) as its national flower in the year 2005 by a royal decree.<sup id="cite_ref-cambodiaroyaldecree_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cambodiaroyaldecree-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The royal decree designates the taxon as <i>Mitrella mesnyi</i>, however, this is a taxonomically illegitimate synonym for <i><a href="/wiki/Sphaerocoryne_affinis" title="Sphaerocoryne affinis">Sphaerocoryne affinis</a></i>, which does not occur in Cambodia.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The accepted species name for romduol is <i>Sphaerocoryne lefevrei</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hong_Kong">Hong Kong</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Hong Kong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The symbolic flower of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> is the Hong Kong orchid tree ("洋紫荊"), <i><a href="/wiki/Bauhinia_blakeana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauhinia blakeana">Bauhinia blakeana</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="India">India</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The lotus (<i><a href="/wiki/Nelumbo_nucifera" title="Nelumbo nucifera">Nelumbo nucifera</a></i>) is the national flower of India. It is a sacred flower in the art and mythology of ancient India.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indonesia">Indonesia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Indonesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arabian_jasmin,_Tunisia_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Arabian_jasmin%2C_Tunisia_2010.jpg/220px-Arabian_jasmin%2C_Tunisia_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Arabian_jasmin%2C_Tunisia_2010.jpg/330px-Arabian_jasmin%2C_Tunisia_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Arabian_jasmin%2C_Tunisia_2010.jpg/440px-Arabian_jasmin%2C_Tunisia_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><i>Jasminum sambac</i>, the national flower of Indonesia and the Philippines</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_floral_emblems" title="List of Indonesian floral emblems">List of Indonesian floral emblems</a></div> <p>There are three types of floral emblems used to symbolize <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>: </p> <ul><li>The <i>puspa bangsa</i> ("national flower") of Indonesia is <i>melati</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Jasminum_sambac" title="Jasminum sambac">Jasminum sambac</a></i>).</li> <li>The <i>puspa pesona</i> ("flower of charm") is <i>anggrek bulan</i> or moon orchid (<i><a href="/wiki/Phalaenopsis_amabilis" title="Phalaenopsis amabilis">Phalaenopsis amabilis</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <i>puspa langka</i> ("rare flower") is <i>padma raksasa rafflesia</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Rafflesia_arnoldii" title="Rafflesia arnoldii">Rafflesia arnoldii</a></i>).</li></ul> <p>All three were chosen on <a href="/wiki/World_Environment_Day" title="World Environment Day">World Environment Day</a> in 1990,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and enforced by law through Presidential Decree (<i>Keputusan Presiden</i>) No. 4 1993,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other occasion, <i>bunga bangkai</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Titan_arum" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan arum">Titan arum</a></i>) was also added as <i>puspa langka</i> together with <i>rafflesia</i>. </p><p><i>Melati</i> (<i>Jasminum sambac</i>), a small white flower with sweet fragrance, has long been considered a sacred flower in <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Indonesia" title="Culture of Indonesia">Indonesian tradition</a>, as it symbolizes purity, sacredness, graceful simplicity and sincerity. For example, on her wedding day, a traditional Indonesian bride's hair is often adorned with arrangements of jasmine, while the groom's <a href="/wiki/Kris" title="Kris">kris</a> is often adorned with a lock of jasmine. However, jasmine is also often used as a floral offering for spirits and deities, and also often present during funerals, which has caused it to be seen as having mystical and sacred properties. Moon orchid was chosen for its beauty, while the other two rare flowers, <i>Rafflesia arnoldii</i> and <i>Titan arum</i>, were chosen to demonstrate uniqueness and Indonesia's rich biodiversity. </p><p>Each of the 34 <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">provinces of Indonesia</a> also has a native plant as its <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_floral_emblems" title="List of Indonesian floral emblems">provincial flower</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iran">Iran</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Iran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nymphaea_alba.001_-_Breendonk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Nymphaea_alba.001_-_Breendonk.jpg/220px-Nymphaea_alba.001_-_Breendonk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Nymphaea_alba.001_-_Breendonk.jpg/330px-Nymphaea_alba.001_-_Breendonk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Nymphaea_alba.001_-_Breendonk.jpg/440px-Nymphaea_alba.001_-_Breendonk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a><figcaption>Water lily, Iran's national symbolic flower</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> is the water lily which is also called <a href="/wiki/Nymphaea" title="Nymphaea">nymphaea</a> (<i>Niloofare Abi</i>, in <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>). The flower is the national flower of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a> era (552 BC).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Darius_In_Parse.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Darius_In_Parse.JPG/220px-Darius_In_Parse.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Darius_In_Parse.JPG/330px-Darius_In_Parse.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Darius_In_Parse.JPG/440px-Darius_In_Parse.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1775" data-file-height="3130" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Darius_the_great" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius the great">Darius the great</a> holds a water lily In <a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Israel">Israel</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Calanit006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Calanit006.jpg/220px-Calanit006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Calanit006.jpg/330px-Calanit006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Calanit006.jpg/440px-Calanit006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="824" data-file-height="774" /></a><figcaption>The poppy anemone, Israel's national flower</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> is the poppy anemone (<i><a href="/wiki/Anemone_coronaria" title="Anemone coronaria">Anemone coronaria</a></i>; <i>calanit metzuya</i> in <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a>), chosen in 2013 to replace <i><a href="/wiki/Cyclamen_persicum" title="Cyclamen persicum">Cyclamen persicum</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ynet-2013_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ynet-2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japan">Japan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum" title="Chrysanthemum">chrysanthemum</a>, which has been a symbol of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_House_of_Japan" title="Imperial House of Japan">Imperial House of Japan</a>, and featured on the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan" title="Imperial Seal of Japan">Imperial Seal</a> since at least 1183. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Jordan">Jordan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Jordan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> is <a href="/wiki/Iris_nigricans" title="Iris nigricans">black iris</a> <i>(Iris nigricans)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Laos">Laos</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Laos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Plumeria" title="Plumeria">plumeria</a> (<i>champa</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite it no longer being endemic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Malaysia">Malaysia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Malaysia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hibiscus_Brilliant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hibiscus_Brilliant.jpg/220px-Hibiscus_Brilliant.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hibiscus_Brilliant.jpg/330px-Hibiscus_Brilliant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hibiscus_Brilliant.jpg/440px-Hibiscus_Brilliant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2987" data-file-height="2186" /></a><figcaption>The Chinese hibiscus (<i>Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</i>), Malaysia's national flower</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> is the <i>bunga raya</i> (Chinese hibiscus, <i><a href="/wiki/Hibiscus_rosa-sinensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hibiscus rosa-sinensis">Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maldives">Maldives</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Maldives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of the <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> is the pink polyantha rose (<i><a href="/wiki/Rosa_polyantha" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosa polyantha">Rosa polyantha</a></i>), called <i>fiyaathoshi finifenmaa</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mongolia">Mongolia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Mongolia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> is <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scabiosa_comosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scabiosa comosa (page does not exist)">Scabiosa comosa</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a>: <span lang="mn">бэр цэцэг</span>, <i>ber tsetseg</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Myanmar">Myanmar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Myanmar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> is <i><a href="/wiki/Pterocarpus_indicus" title="Pterocarpus indicus">Pterocarpus indicus</a></i> (<i>paduak</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nepal">Nepal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Nepal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhododendron-by-eiffel-public-domain-20040617.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rhododendron-by-eiffel-public-domain-20040617.jpg/220px-Rhododendron-by-eiffel-public-domain-20040617.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rhododendron-by-eiffel-public-domain-20040617.jpg/330px-Rhododendron-by-eiffel-public-domain-20040617.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rhododendron-by-eiffel-public-domain-20040617.jpg/440px-Rhododendron-by-eiffel-public-domain-20040617.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The rhododendron, the <a href="/wiki/National_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="National flower">national flower</a> of the Himalayan Republic of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> is the tree rhododendron (<i><a href="/wiki/Rhododendron_arboreum" title="Rhododendron arboreum">Rhododendron arboreum</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_Korea">North Korea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: North Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> is the Korean mountain magnolia (<i><a href="/wiki/Magnolia_sieboldii" title="Magnolia sieboldii">Magnolia sieboldii</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Language">Korean</a>: 목란/<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">木蘭</span></span> <i>mongnan</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pakistan">Pakistan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Pakistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> is <a href="/wiki/Jasminum_officinale" title="Jasminum officinale">common jasmine</a> also known as <i>Jasminum officinale.<sup id="cite_ref-officialsymbols_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialsymbols-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Philippines">Philippines</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> adopted the <i><a href="/wiki/Sampaguita" class="mw-redirect" title="Sampaguita">sampaguita</a></i> (Arabian jasmine, <i>Jasminum sambac</i>) in 1934 as its national flower because it symbolizes purity and cleanliness due to its color and sweet smell.<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is popularly strung into garlands presented to visitors and dignitaries and is a common adornment on religious images. </p><p><i>Sampaguita</i> in the Filipino language is a direct <a href="/wiki/Loan_word" class="mw-redirect" title="Loan word">loan word</a> from the Indian <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">sanskrit</a> word "campaka".<sup id="cite_ref-ew1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ew1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ew2_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ew2-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plants of some species of flowers like Sampaguita, fruits like <a href="/wiki/Mango#Production" title="Mango">mango</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">nangka</a>, vegetables like <a href="/wiki/Momordica_charantia" title="Momordica charantia">ampalaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luffa" title="Luffa">patola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moringa_oleifera" title="Moringa oleifera">malunggay</a>, name of Philippine's pre-Christian chief god <a href="/wiki/Bathala" title="Bathala">Bathala</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">sanskrit</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Batara_Guru" title="Batara Guru">Bhattara Guru</a></i>), came from India during pre-Spanish <a href="/wiki/Indianisation" title="Indianisation">Indianised</a> <a href="/wiki/Indian_influences_in_early_Philippine_polities" title="Indian influences in early Philippine polities">trade and influences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ew3_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ew3-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among strong traces of continuity of <a href="/wiki/List_of_India-related_topics_in_the_Philippines" title="List of India-related topics in the Philippines">Hindu influence in Philippines</a> are placing of Sampaguita garland around the neck of visitors to show hospitality and friendship, <a href="/wiki/Marriage_and_wedding_customs_in_the_Philippines#Wedding_ceremony" title="Marriage and wedding customs in the Philippines">throwing the rice over bride and groom</a> for prosperity, performing <a href="/wiki/Courtship_in_the_Philippines" title="Courtship in the Philippines">paninilbihan</a>, paying dowry, visiting a shrine to pray for fertility, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-ew4_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ew4-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Saudi_Arabia">Saudi Arabia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Saudi Arabia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> is <a href="/wiki/Rosa_%C3%97_damascena" title="Rosa × damascena">Taif’s Rose</a> <i>(Rosa × damascena)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Singapore">Singapore</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Singapore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> is a hybrid orchid <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivar</a> known as the Singapore orchid or <a href="/wiki/Vanda_%27Miss_Joaquim%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanda 'Miss Joaquim'">Vanda Miss Joaquim</a> (<i>Papilionanthe teres</i> × <i>Papilionanthe hookeriana</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Korea">South Korea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: South Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> is <i><a href="/wiki/Hibiscus_syriacus" title="Hibiscus syriacus">Hibiscus syriacus</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Known in South Korea as <i>mugunghwa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>: 무궁화), the flower's symbolism relates to the Korean word <i>mugung</i>, which means "eternity" or "inexhaustible abundance".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite being made the national flower officially after Korea regained its independence from Japan, <i>mugunghwa</i> has been associated with Korean culture for many centuries, with the <a href="/wiki/Silla_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Silla kingdom">Silla kingdom</a> having called itself the "Country of the Mugunghwa" (Korean: 근화향, Romanized: <i>Geunhwahyang</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sri_Lanka">Sri Lanka</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Sri Lanka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nymphaea_nouchallii0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Nymphaea_nouchallii0.jpg/220px-Nymphaea_nouchallii0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Nymphaea_nouchallii0.jpg/330px-Nymphaea_nouchallii0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Nymphaea_nouchallii0.jpg/440px-Nymphaea_nouchallii0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><i>Nymphaea nouchali</i> is the national flower of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> is <i>Nil mānel</i> (නිල් මානෙල්), the blue-star water-lily (<i><a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_stellata" class="mw-redirect" title="Nymphaea stellata">Nymphaea stellata</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although <i>nil</i> means "blue" in <a href="/wiki/Sinhala_language" title="Sinhala language">Sinhala</a>, the Sinhalese name of this plant is often rendered as "water-lily" in English. This beautiful aquatic flower appears in the <a href="/wiki/Sigiriya" title="Sigiriya">Sigiriya</a> frescoes and has been mentioned in ancient <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pali" title="Pali">Pali</a> and Sinhala literary works. <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> lore in Sri Lanka claims that this flower was one of the 108 auspicious signs found on Prince <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha">Siddhartha</a>'s footprint.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Taiwan">Taiwan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Taiwan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/National_Flower_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="National Flower of the Republic of China">National Flower of the Republic of China</a></div> <p>The national flower of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a> was officially designated as the <a href="/wiki/Plum_blossom" class="mw-redirect" title="Plum blossom">plum blossom</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Executive Yuan</a> on 21 July 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-roc_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roc-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plum blossom, known as the <i>meihua</i> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">梅花</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">méihuā</span></i>), is a symbol of resilience and perseverance in the face of adversity, because plum trees often bloom most vibrantly even during the harshest winters.<sup id="cite_ref-flagroc_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flagroc-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-npm-roc_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npm-roc-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The triple grouping of stamens represents Dr. <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Three_Principles_of_the_People" title="Three Principles of the People">Three Principles of the People</a>, while the five petals symbolize the five branches of the government.<sup id="cite_ref-roc_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roc-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-flagroc_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flagroc-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Thailand">Thailand</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Thailand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Shower_Tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Shower Tree">Golden Shower Tree</a> (<i>Cassia fistula</i>), locally known as <i>dok khuen</i> or <i>rachapruek</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vietnam">Vietnam</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Vietnam_Airlines_and_JAL_tail_at_Narita_International_Airport_(NRT-RJAA).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A_Vietnam_Airlines_and_JAL_tail_at_Narita_International_Airport_%28NRT-RJAA%29.jpg/220px-A_Vietnam_Airlines_and_JAL_tail_at_Narita_International_Airport_%28NRT-RJAA%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A_Vietnam_Airlines_and_JAL_tail_at_Narita_International_Airport_%28NRT-RJAA%29.jpg/330px-A_Vietnam_Airlines_and_JAL_tail_at_Narita_International_Airport_%28NRT-RJAA%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A_Vietnam_Airlines_and_JAL_tail_at_Narita_International_Airport_%28NRT-RJAA%29.jpg/440px-A_Vietnam_Airlines_and_JAL_tail_at_Narita_International_Airport_%28NRT-RJAA%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The Lotus flower is used as the logo of national flag carrier <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_Airlines" title="Vietnam Airlines">Vietnam Airlines</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Lotus_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotus flower">lotus flower</a> <i>(Nelumbo nucifera)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Albania">Albania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Albania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Albania – <a href="/wiki/Papaver_rhoeas" title="Papaver rhoeas">Papaver rhoeas</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Andorra">Andorra</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Andorra"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Andorra – <a href="/wiki/Narcissus_poeticus" title="Narcissus poeticus">Narcissus poeticus</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Austria">Austria</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Austria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> is <a href="/wiki/Leontopodium_nivale" title="Leontopodium nivale">edelweiss</a> (<i>Leontopodium nivale</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Belgium">Belgium</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Belgium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Iris_pseudacorus" title="Iris pseudacorus">Iris pseudacorus</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a> – <a href="/wiki/Poppy" title="Poppy">poppy</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Gaillardia" title="Gaillardia">Gaillardia</a></i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Bulgaria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bulgaria – <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">rose</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Croatia">Croatia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Croatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Croatia – <i><a href="/wiki/Iris_croatica" title="Iris croatica">Iris croatica</a></i> (unofficial)<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cyprus">Cyprus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Cyprus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cyprus – <i><a href="/wiki/Cyclamen_cyprium" title="Cyclamen cyprium">Cyclamen cyprium</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Czech_Republic">Czech Republic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Czech Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Czech Republic – <i><a href="/wiki/Tilia" title="Tilia">Tilia</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Denmark">Denmark</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Denmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Denmark – The daisy, specifically either <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_daisy" class="mw-redirect" title="Marguerite daisy">marguerite daisy</a> (<i>Argyranthemum frutescens</i>) or <a href="/wiki/Oxeye_daisy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxeye daisy">oxeye daisy</a> (<i>Leucanthemum vulgare</i>), the latter being native to Denmark and becoming more frequently used. Previously <a href="/wiki/Red_clover" class="mw-redirect" title="Red clover">red clover</a> (<i>Trifolium pratense</i>) had been announced as the national flower in the 1930s, but this choice was not popular with the public and it was largely forgotten.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Estonia">Estonia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Estonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Estonia – <a href="/wiki/Cornflower" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornflower">cornflower</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Finland">Finland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Finland – <a href="/wiki/Lily_of_the_valley" title="Lily of the valley">lily of the valley</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="France">France</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>France – <i><a href="/wiki/Iris_sibirica" title="Iris sibirica">Iris sibirica</a></i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Brittany – <i><a href="/wiki/Ulex" title="Ulex">Ulex</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Calluna" title="Calluna">heather</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Guernsey">Guernsey</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Guernsey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Guernsey – <i><a href="/wiki/Nerine_sarniensis" title="Nerine sarniensis">Nerine sarniensis</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iceland">Iceland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Iceland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Iceland – White dryad (<i><a href="/wiki/Dryas_octopetala" title="Dryas octopetala">Dryas octopetala</a></i>)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Italy">Italy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arbutus_unedo,_blomme,_La_Montagne,_a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arbutus_unedo%2C_blomme%2C_La_Montagne%2C_a.jpg/220px-Arbutus_unedo%2C_blomme%2C_La_Montagne%2C_a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arbutus_unedo%2C_blomme%2C_La_Montagne%2C_a.jpg/330px-Arbutus_unedo%2C_blomme%2C_La_Montagne%2C_a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arbutus_unedo%2C_blomme%2C_La_Montagne%2C_a.jpg/440px-Arbutus_unedo%2C_blomme%2C_La_Montagne%2C_a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3639" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The flower of the strawberry tree (<i><a href="/wiki/Arbutus_unedo" title="Arbutus unedo">Arbutus unedo</a></i>) is the national flower of Italy</figcaption></figure> <p>The flower of the strawberry tree (<i><a href="/wiki/Arbutus_unedo" title="Arbutus unedo">Arbutus unedo</a></i>) is the national flower of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strawberry tree is also the <a href="/wiki/National_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="National tree">national tree</a> of Italy because of its green leaves, its white flowers and its red berries, colors that recall the <a href="/wiki/Italian_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian flag">Italian flag</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lithuania">Lithuania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Lithuania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lithuania – <i><a href="/wiki/Ruta_graveolens" title="Ruta graveolens">Ruta graveolens</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Minahan_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minahan-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While most people believe it to be the <a href="/wiki/Tulip" title="Tulip">tulip</a>, the actual national flower of <a href="/wiki/The_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="The Netherlands">the Netherlands</a> is the daisy (<a href="/wiki/Bellis_perennis" title="Bellis perennis">Bellis perennis</a>). It was elected in a public vote in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_Macedonia">North Macedonia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: North Macedonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Papaver_rhoeas" title="Papaver rhoeas">poppy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Poland">Poland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Poland – <a href="/wiki/Papaver_rhoeas" title="Papaver rhoeas">red poppy</a><sup id="cite_ref-Minahan_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minahan-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashubia" title="Kashubia">Kashubia</a> region – <a href="/wiki/Vicia_cassubica" title="Vicia cassubica">Kashubian vetch</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Portugal">Portugal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Portugal does not officially have a national flower, though the <a href="/wiki/Lavender" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavender">lavender</a> is commonly cited.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Dianthus_caryophyllus" title="Dianthus caryophyllus">carnation</a> (<i>Dianthus caryophyllus</i>) is also a symbol of the nation's triumph against the authoritarian far-right <a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)" title="Estado Novo (Portugal)">Estado Novo</a> dictatorship, known as the <a href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">Carnation Revolution</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Romania">Romania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Romania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Romania – <a href="/wiki/Paeonia_peregrina" title="Paeonia peregrina">peony</a><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Russia">Russia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Russia – <a href="/wiki/Chamomile" title="Chamomile">chamomile</a><sup id="cite_ref-Minahan_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minahan-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Serbia">Serbia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Serbia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramonda_nathaliae.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ramonda_nathaliae.jpg/220px-Ramonda_nathaliae.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ramonda_nathaliae.jpg/330px-Ramonda_nathaliae.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ramonda_nathaliae.jpg/440px-Ramonda_nathaliae.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Natalie%27s_ramonda" class="mw-redirect" title="Natalie's ramonda">Natalie's ramonda</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> is <a href="/wiki/Ramonda_nathaliae" title="Ramonda nathaliae">Natalie's ramonda</a> (<i>Ramonda nathaliae</i>). It is considered a symbol of Serbia's struggle and victory in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, with country suffering <a href="/wiki/World_War_I_casualties" title="World War I casualties">the largest casualty rate</a> relative to its population.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To commemorate Serbian soldiers who died in war as well as the resurrection of the country after the devastating war, people wear artificial Natalie's ramonda as a symbol of remembrance, especially during week leading up to <a href="/wiki/Armistice_Day" title="Armistice Day">Armistice Day</a>, which is a public holiday.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Slovakia">Slovakia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Slovakia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Slovakia – <i><a href="/wiki/Tilia" title="Tilia">Tilia</a></i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Slovenia">Slovenia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Slovenia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of Slovenia is a <a href="/wiki/Dianthus_caryophyllus" title="Dianthus caryophyllus">carnation</a>. It is traditionally present at all significant moments of someone's life. White carnations can be traditionally present at Slovenian christenings and at Slovenian weddings, where the bride has a white carnation flower stuck in her hair and the groom wears a white carnation pinned to his breast pocket or buttonhole. While white carnation represents happiness and celebration, red carnation has a more diverse meaning in Slovenian culture. First meaning comes from French and Russian revolutionaries and symbolises revolution and workers. Red carnations also symbolise love and courtship. In folksongs and folk traditions, when young men in the country villages were calling girls in the night under their windows and serenading them, receiving a red carnation bouquet meant, that the serenaded girl accepted their courtship. Finally, at the funeral of a loved one, their acquaintances, friends and family bid a final farewell to the deceased by each throwing a red carnation into the open grave. </p><p>Furthermore, carnations often appear embroidered on tablecloths, handkerchiefs, blouses, bed linen, lace and on parts of Slovenian national costume, such as skirts, trouser legs and traditional headwear, especially <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avba" class="extiw" title="sl:Avba">avba</a>. Additionally, carnations are often flowers hanging from flowerbeds on balconies and windows, which is a source of pride for Slovenian homes. This can be observed throughout Slovenia, most prominently in <a href="/wiki/Upper_Carniola" title="Upper Carniola">Gorenjska</a> and <a href="/wiki/Styria_(Slovenia)" title="Styria (Slovenia)">Štajerska</a> regions.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Spain">Spain</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Spain – <a href="/wiki/Dianthus_caryophyllus" title="Dianthus caryophyllus">carnation</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sweden">Sweden</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of Sweden is <i><a href="/wiki/Campanula_rotundifolia" title="Campanula rotundifolia">Campanula rotundifolia</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It won a public vote in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Switzerland">Switzerland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: Switzerland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> is <a href="/wiki/Leontopodium_nivale" title="Leontopodium nivale">edelweiss</a> (<i>Leontopodium nivale</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Turkey">Turkey</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Turkey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Tulip" title="Tulip">tulip</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ukraine – <a href="/wiki/Common_sunflower" title="Common sunflower">sunflower</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Guelder_rose" class="mw-redirect" title="Guelder rose">guelder rose</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg/220px-Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg/330px-Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg/440px-Milk_thistle_flowerhead.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Milk_thistle" class="mw-redirect" title="Milk thistle">Milk thistle</a> flowerhead</figcaption></figure> <p>Each of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>'s four constituent countries has one or more national flower: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tudor_rose" title="Tudor rose">Tudor rose</a><sup id="cite_ref-congrec_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congrec-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> – <a href="/wiki/Daffodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Daffodil">daffodil</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Leek" title="Leek">leek</a><sup id="cite_ref-congrec_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congrec-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> – <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax flower</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-compendium_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compendium-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Clover" title="Clover">clover leaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thistle" title="Thistle">thistle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-congrec_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congrec-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pinus_sylvestris" title="Pinus sylvestris">Scots pine</a><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Canada">Canada</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Maple_leaf" title="Maple leaf">maple leaf</a> is widely used as a symbol for <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>. The maple tree was officially recognized as Canada's arboreal emblem in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Canada's provinces and territories also have official provincial or territorial floral emblems: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>: <a href="/wiki/White_trillium" class="mw-redirect" title="White trillium">white trillium</a> (<i>Trillium grandiflorum</i>), adopted in 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>: <a href="/wiki/Iris_versicolor" title="Iris versicolor">blue flag</a> (<i>Iris versicolor</i>), adopted in November 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Epigaea_repens" title="Epigaea repens">mayflower</a> (<i>Epigea repens</i>), adopted in 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a>: <a href="/wiki/Purple_violet" class="mw-redirect" title="Purple violet">purple violet</a> (<i>Viola cucullata</i>), adopted in 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a>: <a href="/wiki/Prairie_crocus" class="mw-redirect" title="Prairie crocus">prairie crocus</a> (<i>Pulsatilla ludoviciana</i>), adopted in 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pacific_dogwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific dogwood">Pacific dogwood</a> (<i>Cornus nuttallii</i>), adopted in 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cypripedium_acaule" title="Cypripedium acaule">lady's slipper</a> (<i>Cypripedium acaule</i>), a species of orchid, adopted in 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a>: <a href="/wiki/Western_red_lily" class="mw-redirect" title="Western red lily">western red lily</a> (<i>Lilium philadelphicum</i> var. <i>andinum</i>), adopted in 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>: wild rose (<i>Rosa acicularis</i>), also known as the <a href="/wiki/Prickly_rose" class="mw-redirect" title="Prickly rose">prickly rose</a>, adopted in 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a>: <a href="/wiki/Northern_pitcher_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern pitcher plant">northern pitcher plant</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Sarracenia_purpurea" title="Sarracenia purpurea">Sarracenia purpurea</a></i>), adopted in 1954. It was first chosen as a symbol of Newfoundland by <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a>, and was used on the island's coinage until 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mountain_avens" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain avens">mountain avens</a> (<i>Dryas octopetala</i>), adopted in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fireweed" class="mw-redirect" title="Fireweed">fireweed</a> (<i>Epilobium angustifolium</i>), adopted in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a>: <a href="/wiki/Purple_saxifrage" class="mw-redirect" title="Purple saxifrage">purple saxifrage</a> (<i>Saxifraga oppositifolia</i>), unanimously adopted by the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut on May 1, 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Many Canadian flags and coats-of-arms have floral emblems on them. The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Montreal" title="Flag of Montreal">flag of Montreal</a> has four floral emblems. On the right side of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saskatchewan" title="Flag of Saskatchewan">flag of Saskatchewan</a> overlapping both green and gold halves is the western red lily, the provincial floral emblem. The <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Port_Coquitlam" title="Coat of arms of Port Coquitlam">coat of arms of Port Coquitlam</a> has the city's floral emblem, the <a href="/wiki/Azalea" title="Azalea">azalea</a>, displayed on a collar. The <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Coat of arms of Prince Edward Island">coat of arms of Prince Edward Island</a> displays <a href="/wiki/Lady%27s_slipper" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady's slipper">lady's slippers</a>, the floral emblem of the island. When <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Nova_Scotia" title="Coat of arms of Nova Scotia">coat of arms of Nova Scotia</a> were reassumed in 1929, the <a href="/wiki/Trailing_arbutus" class="mw-redirect" title="Trailing arbutus">trailing arbutus</a> or mayflower, the floral emblem of Nova Scotia, was added. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mexico">Mexico</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> is the dahlia (<i><a href="/wiki/Dahlia_pinnata" title="Dahlia pinnata">Dahlia pinnata</a></i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1986, President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> signed legislation to make the <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">rose</a> the national floral emblem of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In each of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. states</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_flowers" title="List of U.S. state and territory flowers">state flowers</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_trees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state trees">trees</a> have also been adopted as symbols by state legislatures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_America_and_the_Caribbean">Central America and the Caribbean</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Central America and the Caribbean"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Antigua_and_Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: Antigua and Barbuda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> is <i>Agave karatto</i>, also known as "dagger log" or "batta log".<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Bahamas">The Bahamas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: The Bahamas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tecoma_stans,_flowers%2Bpods.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tecoma_stans%2C_flowers%2Bpods.jpg/150px-Tecoma_stans%2C_flowers%2Bpods.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tecoma_stans%2C_flowers%2Bpods.jpg/225px-Tecoma_stans%2C_flowers%2Bpods.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tecoma_stans%2C_flowers%2Bpods.jpg/300px-Tecoma_stans%2C_flowers%2Bpods.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Tecoma_stans" title="Tecoma stans">Tecoma stans</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">the Bahamas</a> is the Yellow Elder (<i><a href="/wiki/Tecoma_stans" title="Tecoma stans">Tecoma stans</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Barbados">Barbados</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: Barbados"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> is known locally as the <a href="/wiki/Pride_of_Barbados" class="mw-redirect" title="Pride of Barbados">Pride of Barbados</a> (<i>Caesalpinia pulcherrima</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Belize">Belize</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=78" title="Edit section: Belize"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> is the black orchid (<i><a href="/wiki/Prosthechea_cochleata" title="Prosthechea cochleata">Prosthechea cochleata</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Costa_Rica">Costa Rica</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=79" title="Edit section: Costa Rica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> is the <i>guaria morada</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Guarianthe_skinneri" title="Guarianthe skinneri">Guarianthe skinneri</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cuba">Cuba</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=80" title="Edit section: Cuba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> since October 13, 1936, is the <i><a href="/wiki/Hedychium_coronarium" title="Hedychium coronarium">white ginger lily</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dominica">Dominica</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=81" title="Edit section: Dominica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a> is <i><a href="/wiki/Poitea_carinalis" title="Poitea carinalis">Sabinea carinalis</a></i>, commonly known as Carib wood or <i>Bois Caraibe</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dominican_Republic">Dominican Republic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=82" title="Edit section: Dominican Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pereskia_quisqueyana.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pereskia_quisqueyana.JPG/150px-Pereskia_quisqueyana.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pereskia_quisqueyana.JPG/225px-Pereskia_quisqueyana.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pereskia_quisqueyana.JPG/300px-Pereskia_quisqueyana.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1412" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The Bayahibe Rose, the national flower of the Dominican Republic</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>'s national flower was originally the flower of the <i>caoba</i> (mahogany tree, <i><a href="/wiki/Swietenia_mahagoni" title="Swietenia mahagoni">Swietenia mahagoni</a></i>). In 2011, the mahogany was dubbed the national tree, vacating the national flower spot for the <a href="/wiki/Bayahibe" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayahibe">Bayahibe</a> rose (<i><a href="/wiki/Pereskia_quisqueyana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pereskia quisqueyana">Pereskia quisqueyana</a></i>) in order to bring attention to its conservation.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Guatemala">Guatemala</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=83" title="Edit section: Guatemala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> is the <i>monja blanca</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Lycaste_skinneri" title="Lycaste skinneri">Lycaste skinneri</a></i> var. <i>alba</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Haiti">Haiti</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=84" title="Edit section: Haiti"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hibiscus_flower_TZ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hibiscus_flower_TZ.jpg/150px-Hibiscus_flower_TZ.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hibiscus_flower_TZ.jpg/225px-Hibiscus_flower_TZ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hibiscus_flower_TZ.jpg/300px-Hibiscus_flower_TZ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1239" data-file-height="1479" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Hibiscus" title="Hibiscus">Hibiscus</a></i>, the national flower of Haiti</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> is the <i>Choeblack</i> or <i>rose kayenn</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Hibiscus" title="Hibiscus">Hibiscus</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Haiti_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haiti-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Honduras">Honduras</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=85" title="Edit section: Honduras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> is the orchid <i><a href="/wiki/Rhyncholaelia_digbyana" title="Rhyncholaelia digbyana">Rhyncholaelia digbyana</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Jamaica">Jamaica</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=86" title="Edit section: Jamaica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> is the lignum vitae (<i><a href="/wiki/Guaiacum_officinale" title="Guaiacum officinale">Guaiacum officinale</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-jamsym_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jamsym-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=87" title="Edit section: Nicaragua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plumeria-1-KayEss-1.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Plumeria-1-KayEss-1.jpeg/100px-Plumeria-1-KayEss-1.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Plumeria-1-KayEss-1.jpeg/150px-Plumeria-1-KayEss-1.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Plumeria-1-KayEss-1.jpeg/200px-Plumeria-1-KayEss-1.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sacuanjoche" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacuanjoche">Sacuanjoche</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> is known as the sacuanjoche (<i><a href="/wiki/Plumeria_rubra" title="Plumeria rubra">plumeria rubra</a></i>). The sacuanjoche flower (<i>Plumeria</i>) grows on a conical tree that flowers around May. Sacuanjoche flowers are most fragrant at night in order to lure <a href="/wiki/Sphinx_moth" class="mw-redirect" title="Sphinx moth">sphinx moths</a> to pollinate them. The flowers have no nectar, and simply dupe their pollinators. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oceania">Oceania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=88" title="Edit section: Oceania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden-wattle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Golden-wattle.jpg/200px-Golden-wattle.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Golden-wattle.jpg/300px-Golden-wattle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Golden-wattle.jpg/400px-Golden-wattle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Golden Wattle, the floral emblem of Australia since 1988</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kowhai_flowers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Kowhai_flowers.jpg/200px-Kowhai_flowers.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Kowhai_flowers.jpg/300px-Kowhai_flowers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Kowhai_flowers.jpg/400px-Kowhai_flowers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="1157" /></a><figcaption>New Zealand's floral emblem, the Kowhai</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australia">Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=89" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Golden Wattle (<i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_pycnantha" title="Acacia pycnantha">Acacia pycnantha</a></i>) was officially proclaimed the floral emblem of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> on 1 September 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fiji">Fiji</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=90" title="Edit section: Fiji"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a> is <i>tagimaucia</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Medinilla_waterhousei" title="Medinilla waterhousei">Medinilla waterhousei</a></i>), a vine with red and white flowers endemic to the highlands of the island of <a href="/wiki/Taveuni" title="Taveuni">Taveuni</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="French_Polynesia">French Polynesia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=91" title="Edit section: French Polynesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Tahitian_gardenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahitian gardenia">Tahitian gardenia</a> (tiare flower) is the national flower of <a href="/wiki/Tahiti" title="Tahiti">Tahiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=92" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> does not have an official national flower, but the <a href="/wiki/Silver_fern" title="Silver fern">silver fern</a> (foliage) is acknowledged as its national emblem.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dwhai" title="Kōwhai">Kōwhai</a> (<i>Sophora</i> spp., native trees with yellow cascading flowers) is usually regarded as the national flower. Other plant emblems are <a href="/wiki/Koru" title="Koru">Koru</a> (a curled fern symbol) and the crimson-flowered Pohutukawa (<i><a href="/wiki/Metrosideros_excelsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Metrosideros excelsa">Metrosideros excelsa</a></i>), also called New Zealand's Christmas tree.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tonga">Tonga</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=93" title="Edit section: Tonga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>heilala</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Garcinia_sessilis" title="Garcinia sessilis">Garcinia sessilis</a></i>) is <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a>'s national flower. The name of Tonga's beauty pageant, the Heilala Festival, is taken from this flower. Resorts as well as consumer products are also often named after this flower, such as the Heilala Lodge and Heilala Vanilla. The flower is also used in Tonga for medicinal and ornamental purposes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_America">South America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=94" title="Edit section: South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argentina">Argentina</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=95" title="Edit section: Argentina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Erythrina_crista-galli2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Erythrina_crista-galli2.jpg/220px-Erythrina_crista-galli2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Erythrina_crista-galli2.jpg/330px-Erythrina_crista-galli2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Erythrina_crista-galli2.jpg/440px-Erythrina_crista-galli2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The flower of the ceibo tree, the national flower of Argentina and Uruguay</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> is the flower of the <a href="/wiki/Erythrina_crista-galli" title="Erythrina crista-galli">ceibo</a> tree (<i>Erythrina crista-galli</i>), also known as <i>seibo</i> or <i>bucaré</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bolivia">Bolivia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=96" title="Edit section: Bolivia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> has two national flowers: the <i>kantuta</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Cantua_buxifolia" title="Cantua buxifolia">Cantua buxifolia</a></i>) and <i>patujú</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Heliconia_rostrata" title="Heliconia rostrata">Heliconia rostrata</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brazil">Brazil</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=97" title="Edit section: Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For broader coverage of this topic, see <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Brazil" title="National symbols of Brazil">National symbols of Brazil</a>.</div> <p><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> has no official national flower. It is popularly considered to be the flower of the golden trumpet tree (<i><a href="/wiki/Handroanthus_chrysotrichus" title="Handroanthus chrysotrichus">Handroanthus chrysotrichus</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">Ipê-amarelo</i>) – so much so that multiple proposals have been put forth over the last 70 years to recognize it officially. However, for various reasons, none have ever been voted on by <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="National Congress of Brazil">Congress</a> to be ratified. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chile">Chile</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=98" title="Edit section: Chile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lapageria_rosea1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Lapageria_rosea1.jpg/220px-Lapageria_rosea1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Lapageria_rosea1.jpg/330px-Lapageria_rosea1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Lapageria_rosea1.jpg/440px-Lapageria_rosea1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Copihue, the national flower of Chile</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Copihue" class="mw-redirect" title="Copihue">copihue</a> (<i>Lapageria rosea</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Colombia">Colombia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=99" title="Edit section: Colombia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Cattleya_trianae" title="Cattleya trianae">Cattleya trianae</a></i> is the national flower of <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> and is the orchid which flowers in May. The May flower was chosen because the colors are the same as those of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Colombia" title="Flag of Colombia">Colombian flag</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Guyana">Guyana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=100" title="Edit section: Guyana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_amazonica" title="Victoria amazonica">Victoria regia lily</a> (<i>Victoria amazonica</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paraguay">Paraguay</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=101" title="Edit section: Paraguay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> is <a href="/wiki/Passiflora" title="Passiflora">Mburucuyá</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peru">Peru</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=102" title="Edit section: Peru"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Cantuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantuta">cantuta</a> (also spelled <i>kantuta</i> or <i>qantuta</i>, from <a href="/wiki/Quechua_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Quechua language">Quechua</a> <i>qantu</i>). It can be found in the high valleys of the <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a> in Peru and Bolivia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Suriname">Suriname</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=103" title="Edit section: Suriname"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Called <i>faya lobi</i> ("fiery love") in <a href="/wiki/Sranantongo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sranantongo">Sranantongo</a>, the jungle geranium (<i><a href="/wiki/Ixora_coccinea" title="Ixora coccinea">Ixora coccinea</a></i>) is commonly considered a symbol of <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Uruguay">Uruguay</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=104" title="Edit section: Uruguay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cattleya_mossiae2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cattleya_mossiae2.jpg/130px-Cattleya_mossiae2.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cattleya_mossiae2.jpg/195px-Cattleya_mossiae2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cattleya_mossiae2.jpg/260px-Cattleya_mossiae2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Cattleya_mossiae" title="Cattleya mossiae">Cattleya mossiae</a></i>, the national flower of Venezuela</figcaption></figure> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> is the flower of the <a href="/wiki/Erythrina_crista-galli" title="Erythrina crista-galli">ceibo</a> tree (<i>Erythrina crista-galli</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Venezuela">Venezuela</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=105" title="Edit section: Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The national flower of <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> is the <i>Flor de Mayo</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Cattleya_mossiae" title="Cattleya mossiae">Cattleya mossiae</a></i>), an orchid.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subnational_plants">Subnational plants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=106" title="Edit section: Subnational plants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers" title="List of Indian state flowers">List of Indian state flowers</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_flowers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state flowers">List of U.S. state flowers</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_trees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state trees">List of U.S. state trees</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_flowers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="County flowers of the United Kingdom">County flowers of the United Kingdom</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Province_flowers_of_Sweden" title="Province flowers of Sweden">Province flowers of Sweden</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country </th> <th>Subdivision </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Pictures </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="13"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosa_acicularis" title="Rosa acicularis">Wild Rose</a><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosa_acicularis_8448.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Rosa_acicularis_8448.JPG/90px-Rosa_acicularis_8448.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Rosa_acicularis_8448.JPG/135px-Rosa_acicularis_8448.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Rosa_acicularis_8448.JPG/180px-Rosa_acicularis_8448.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cornus_nuttallii" title="Cornus nuttallii">Pacific Dogwood</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cornus_nuttallii_08546.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cornus_nuttallii_08546.JPG/90px-Cornus_nuttallii_08546.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cornus_nuttallii_08546.JPG/135px-Cornus_nuttallii_08546.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cornus_nuttallii_08546.JPG/180px-Cornus_nuttallii_08546.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pasque_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasque flower">Prairie Crocus</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasque_Flower_(Pulsatilla_vulgaris)_(17022184800).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pasque_Flower_%28Pulsatilla_vulgaris%29_%2817022184800%29.jpg/90px-Pasque_Flower_%28Pulsatilla_vulgaris%29_%2817022184800%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pasque_Flower_%28Pulsatilla_vulgaris%29_%2817022184800%29.jpg/135px-Pasque_Flower_%28Pulsatilla_vulgaris%29_%2817022184800%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pasque_Flower_%28Pulsatilla_vulgaris%29_%2817022184800%29.jpg/180px-Pasque_Flower_%28Pulsatilla_vulgaris%29_%2817022184800%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Viola_cucullata" title="Viola cucullata">Purple Violet</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Viola_cucullata_flower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Viola_cucullata_flower.jpg/90px-Viola_cucullata_flower.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Viola_cucullata_flower.jpg/135px-Viola_cucullata_flower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Viola_cucullata_flower.jpg/180px-Viola_cucullata_flower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sarracenia_purpurea" title="Sarracenia purpurea">Pitcher plant</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarracenia_purpurea_Flowers.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sarracenia_purpurea_Flowers.JPG/90px-Sarracenia_purpurea_Flowers.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sarracenia_purpurea_Flowers.JPG/135px-Sarracenia_purpurea_Flowers.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sarracenia_purpurea_Flowers.JPG/180px-Sarracenia_purpurea_Flowers.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="4928" /></a></span> </td> <td>The pitcher plant was officially declared as the provincial flower in 1954, but had appeared on the colony's coinage as early as the 1880s. It can be found in the marshlands of the province feeding on insects that fall into its leaves and drown. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dryas_octopetala" title="Dryas octopetala">Mountain Avens</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dryas_octopetala_LC0327.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Dryas_octopetala_LC0327.jpg/90px-Dryas_octopetala_LC0327.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Dryas_octopetala_LC0327.jpg/135px-Dryas_octopetala_LC0327.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Dryas_octopetala_LC0327.jpg/180px-Dryas_octopetala_LC0327.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2134" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epigaea_repens" title="Epigaea repens">Mayflower</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trailing_arbutus_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Trailing_arbutus_2006.jpg/90px-Trailing_arbutus_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Trailing_arbutus_2006.jpg/135px-Trailing_arbutus_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Trailing_arbutus_2006.jpg/180px-Trailing_arbutus_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2552" data-file-height="1701" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saxifraga_oppositifolia" title="Saxifraga oppositifolia">Purple Saxifrage</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Purpsaxifrage2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Purpsaxifrage2.jpg/90px-Purpsaxifrage2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Purpsaxifrage2.jpg/135px-Purpsaxifrage2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Purpsaxifrage2.jpg/180px-Purpsaxifrage2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="667" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trillium_grandiflorum" title="Trillium grandiflorum">White Trillium</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trillium_grandiflorum_042316.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Trillium_grandiflorum_042316.jpg/90px-Trillium_grandiflorum_042316.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Trillium_grandiflorum_042316.jpg/135px-Trillium_grandiflorum_042316.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Trillium_grandiflorum_042316.jpg/180px-Trillium_grandiflorum_042316.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3088" data-file-height="2752" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cypripedium_acaule" title="Cypripedium acaule">Pink Lady's Slipper</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cypripedium_acaule_-_Sasata_edit1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cypripedium_acaule_-_Sasata_edit1.jpg/90px-Cypripedium_acaule_-_Sasata_edit1.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cypripedium_acaule_-_Sasata_edit1.jpg/135px-Cypripedium_acaule_-_Sasata_edit1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cypripedium_acaule_-_Sasata_edit1.jpg/180px-Cypripedium_acaule_-_Sasata_edit1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iris_versicolor" title="Iris versicolor">Blue Flag Iris</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Flag,_Ottawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Blue_Flag%2C_Ottawa.jpg/90px-Blue_Flag%2C_Ottawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Blue_Flag%2C_Ottawa.jpg/135px-Blue_Flag%2C_Ottawa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Blue_Flag%2C_Ottawa.jpg/180px-Blue_Flag%2C_Ottawa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td> <td>The Blue Flag Iris replaced the <a href="/wiki/Lilium_candidum" title="Lilium candidum">Madonna Lily</a> in 1999, since the lily was not native to Quebec. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lilium_philadelphicum" title="Lilium philadelphicum">Western Red Lily</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lilium_philadelphicum_var._philadelphicum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Lilium_philadelphicum_var._philadelphicum.jpg/90px-Lilium_philadelphicum_var._philadelphicum.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Lilium_philadelphicum_var._philadelphicum.jpg/135px-Lilium_philadelphicum_var._philadelphicum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Lilium_philadelphicum_var._philadelphicum.jpg/180px-Lilium_philadelphicum_var._philadelphicum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="2300" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epilobium_angustifolium" class="mw-redirect" title="Epilobium angustifolium">Fireweed</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EpilobiumAngustifolium_6184.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/EpilobiumAngustifolium_6184.jpg/90px-EpilobiumAngustifolium_6184.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/EpilobiumAngustifolium_6184.jpg/135px-EpilobiumAngustifolium_6184.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/EpilobiumAngustifolium_6184.jpg/180px-EpilobiumAngustifolium_6184.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5land" title="Småland">Småland</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Linnaea_borealis" class="mw-redirect" title="Linnaea borealis">Linnaea borealis</a></i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Linnaea_borealis_1190.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Linnaea_borealis_1190.JPG/90px-Linnaea_borealis_1190.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Linnaea_borealis_1190.JPG/135px-Linnaea_borealis_1190.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Linnaea_borealis_1190.JPG/180px-Linnaea_borealis_1190.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span> </td> <td>The Swedish botanist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a>, sw. Carl von Linné (1707–1778), often called the father of <a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">taxonomy</a> or "The flower-king", was born in <a href="/wiki/%C3%84lmhult" title="Älmhult">Älmhult</a> in Småland. He gave the <a href="/wiki/Twinflower" class="mw-redirect" title="Twinflower">Twinflower</a> its Latin name based on his own (<i>Latin: Linnaea borealis</i>), because of his particular fondness of it. The flower has become Småland's provincial flower. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Bauhinia_blakeana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauhinia blakeana">Bauhinia blakeana</a></i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bauhinia_blakeana_(Key_West).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Bauhinia, the national flower of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region."><img alt="The Bauhinia, the national flower of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg/90px-Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg/135px-Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg/180px-Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1759" /></a></span> </td> <td>The blossom, native to the territory was chosen as the logo of the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Council" title="Urban Council">Urban Council</a> in 1965 and was later incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hong_Kong" title="Flag of Hong Kong">flag</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Hong_Kong" title="Emblem of Hong Kong">emblem</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China">Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Transfer_of_sovereignty_over_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong">1997 transfer of sovereignty</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/45px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelumbo_nucifera" title="Nelumbo nucifera">Nelumbo nucifera</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg/90px-Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg/135px-Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg/180px-Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2312" data-file-height="2119" /></a></span> </td> <td>A stylised depiction of the flower can be seen in the territory's <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Macau" title="Flag of Macau">flag</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/County_Offaly" title="County Offaly">County Offaly</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bog-rosemary" class="mw-redirect" title="Bog-rosemary">Bog-rosemary</a><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andromeda_polifolia_bloom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Andromeda_polifolia_bloom.jpg/90px-Andromeda_polifolia_bloom.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Andromeda_polifolia_bloom.jpg/135px-Andromeda_polifolia_bloom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Andromeda_polifolia_bloom.jpg/180px-Andromeda_polifolia_bloom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Proposed_Flag_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Proposed_Flag_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory.svg/22px-Proposed_Flag_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Proposed_Flag_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory.svg/33px-Proposed_Flag_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Proposed_Flag_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory.svg/44px-Proposed_Flag_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacaranda_mimosifolia" title="Jacaranda mimosifolia">Neeli Gulmohur</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_tea_rose" title="Hybrid tea rose">Hybrid tea rose</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacarand%C3%A1_Mimoso(Jacaranda_mimosifolia)_na_entrada_da_cidade_de_Jardin%C3%B3polis_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Jacarand%C3%A1_Mimoso%28Jacaranda_mimosifolia%29_na_entrada_da_cidade_de_Jardin%C3%B3polis_-_panoramio.jpg/90px-Jacarand%C3%A1_Mimoso%28Jacaranda_mimosifolia%29_na_entrada_da_cidade_de_Jardin%C3%B3polis_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Jacarand%C3%A1_Mimoso%28Jacaranda_mimosifolia%29_na_entrada_da_cidade_de_Jardin%C3%B3polis_-_panoramio.jpg/135px-Jacarand%C3%A1_Mimoso%28Jacaranda_mimosifolia%29_na_entrada_da_cidade_de_Jardin%C3%B3polis_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Jacarand%C3%A1_Mimoso%28Jacaranda_mimosifolia%29_na_entrada_da_cidade_de_Jardin%C3%B3polis_-_panoramio.jpg/180px-Jacarand%C3%A1_Mimoso%28Jacaranda_mimosifolia%29_na_entrada_da_cidade_de_Jardin%C3%B3polis_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mainzer_Fastnacht.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Mainzer_Fastnacht.JPG/90px-Mainzer_Fastnacht.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Mainzer_Fastnacht.JPG/135px-Mainzer_Fastnacht.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Mainzer_Fastnacht.JPG/180px-Mainzer_Fastnacht.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="7">The floral emblems of the four constituting <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Pakistan">provinces of Pakistan</a>; however, they are all unofficial and are not recognised by the new Federal <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Pakistan" title="Government of Pakistan">Government of Pakistan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Balochistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="756" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_sylvestris" title="Phoenix sylvestris">Silver date palm tree</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tulipa_sylvestris" title="Tulipa sylvestris">Tulipa sylvestris</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_tree_in_desert.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/A_tree_in_desert.jpg/90px-A_tree_in_desert.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/A_tree_in_desert.jpg/135px-A_tree_in_desert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/A_tree_in_desert.jpg/180px-A_tree_in_desert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="417" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lajvar_(3).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Lajvar_%283%29.JPG/90px-Lajvar_%283%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Lajvar_%283%29.JPG/135px-Lajvar_%283%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Lajvar_%283%29.JPG/180px-Lajvar_%283%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa.svg/22px-Flag_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa.svg/33px-Flag_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa.svg/44px-Flag_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="528" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinus_Eldarica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pinus Eldarica (page does not exist)">Afghan pine</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tulipa_clusiana" title="Tulipa clusiana">Tulipa clusiana</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1_-_Pinus_brutia_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1_-_Pinus_brutia_02.JPG/90px-K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1_-_Pinus_brutia_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1_-_Pinus_brutia_02.JPG/135px-K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1_-_Pinus_brutia_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1_-_Pinus_brutia_02.JPG/180px-K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1_-_Pinus_brutia_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2944" data-file-height="3824" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tulipa_clusiana1ScottZona.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tulipa_clusiana1ScottZona.jpg/90px-Tulipa_clusiana1ScottZona.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tulipa_clusiana1ScottZona.jpg/135px-Tulipa_clusiana1ScottZona.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tulipa_clusiana1ScottZona.jpg/180px-Tulipa_clusiana1ScottZona.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Punjab.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_Punjab.svg/22px-Flag_of_Punjab.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_Punjab.svg/33px-Flag_of_Punjab.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_Punjab.svg/44px-Flag_of_Punjab.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="528" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">The Punjab</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dalbergia_sissoo" title="Dalbergia sissoo">Indian rosewood</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catharanthus_roseus" title="Catharanthus roseus">Sadabahar</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blackwood_Tree_(4656262165).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Blackwood_Tree_%284656262165%29.jpg/90px-Blackwood_Tree_%284656262165%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Blackwood_Tree_%284656262165%29.jpg/135px-Blackwood_Tree_%284656262165%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Blackwood_Tree_%284656262165%29.jpg/180px-Blackwood_Tree_%284656262165%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catharanthus_roseus-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Catharanthus_roseus-1.jpg/90px-Catharanthus_roseus-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Catharanthus_roseus-1.jpg/135px-Catharanthus_roseus-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Catharanthus_roseus-1.jpg/180px-Catharanthus_roseus-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sindh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Sindh.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sindh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Sindh.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sindh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Sindh.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sindh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Azadirachta_indica" title="Azadirachta indica">Indian lilac tree</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelumbo_indica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nelumbo indica (page does not exist)">Sindhi lotus</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dp977.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Dp977.jpg/90px-Dp977.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Dp977.jpg/135px-Dp977.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Dp977.jpg/180px-Dp977.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:White_Lotus_Blossom.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/White_Lotus_Blossom.JPG/90px-White_Lotus_Blossom.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/White_Lotus_Blossom.JPG/135px-White_Lotus_Blossom.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/White_Lotus_Blossom.JPG/180px-White_Lotus_Blossom.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gilgit%E2%80%93Baltistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilgit–Baltistan">Gilgit–Baltistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cedrus_deodara" title="Cedrus deodara">Himalayan deodar</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Aquilegia_coerulea" title="Aquilegia coerulea">Alpine Blue Star</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpine_in_Kalam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Alpine_in_Kalam.jpg/90px-Alpine_in_Kalam.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Alpine_in_Kalam.jpg/135px-Alpine_in_Kalam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Alpine_in_Kalam.jpg/180px-Alpine_in_Kalam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbine_(Aquilegia_caerulea)_-_26.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Columbine_%28Aquilegia_caerulea%29_-_26.JPG/90px-Columbine_%28Aquilegia_caerulea%29_-_26.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Columbine_%28Aquilegia_caerulea%29_-_26.JPG/135px-Columbine_%28Aquilegia_caerulea%29_-_26.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Columbine_%28Aquilegia_caerulea%29_-_26.JPG/180px-Columbine_%28Aquilegia_caerulea%29_-_26.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2533" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Azad_Kashmir.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Azad_Kashmir.svg/22px-Flag_of_Azad_Kashmir.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Azad_Kashmir.svg/33px-Flag_of_Azad_Kashmir.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Azad_Kashmir.svg/44px-Flag_of_Azad_Kashmir.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="432" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Azad_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Azad Jammu and Kashmir">Azad Jammu and Kashmir</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Platanus_orientalis" title="Platanus orientalis">Chinar tree/Kashmir maple tree</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Rhododendron_ferrugineum" title="Rhododendron ferrugineum">Snow Rose</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Platanus_orientalis_tree.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Platanus_orientalis_tree.JPG/90px-Platanus_orientalis_tree.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Platanus_orientalis_tree.JPG/135px-Platanus_orientalis_tree.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Platanus_orientalis_tree.JPG/180px-Platanus_orientalis_tree.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="3279" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhododendron_ferrugineux-Rose_des_Alpes_(Rhododendron_ferrugineum)_en_Vanoise.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Rhododendron_ferrugineux-Rose_des_Alpes_%28Rhododendron_ferrugineum%29_en_Vanoise.jpg/90px-Rhododendron_ferrugineux-Rose_des_Alpes_%28Rhododendron_ferrugineum%29_en_Vanoise.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Rhododendron_ferrugineux-Rose_des_Alpes_%28Rhododendron_ferrugineum%29_en_Vanoise.jpg/135px-Rhododendron_ferrugineux-Rose_des_Alpes_%28Rhododendron_ferrugineum%29_en_Vanoise.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Rhododendron_ferrugineux-Rose_des_Alpes_%28Rhododendron_ferrugineum%29_en_Vanoise.jpg/180px-Rhododendron_ferrugineux-Rose_des_Alpes_%28Rhododendron_ferrugineum%29_en_Vanoise.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia"><img alt="Catalonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spartium" title="Spartium">Weaver's Broom</a><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(<i>Spartium junceum</i>) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spartium_junceum_(habitus).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Spartium_junceum_%28habitus%29.jpg/90px-Spartium_junceum_%28habitus%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Spartium_junceum_%28habitus%29.jpg/135px-Spartium_junceum_%28habitus%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Spartium_junceum_%28habitus%29.jpg/180px-Spartium_junceum_%28habitus%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2674" data-file-height="3567" /></a></span> </td> <td>Usually along with red poppies </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)"><img alt="Galicia (Spain)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulex_europaeus" title="Ulex europaeus">Gorse flower</a><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(<i>Ulex europaeus</i>) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ulex_europaeus_flowers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ulex_europaeus_flowers.jpg/90px-Ulex_europaeus_flowers.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ulex_europaeus_flowers.jpg/135px-Ulex_europaeus_flowers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ulex_europaeus_flowers.jpg/180px-Ulex_europaeus_flowers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia_2">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=107" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_floral_emblems" title="List of Australian floral emblems">List of Australian floral emblems</a></div> <ul><li>Australian Capital Territory – Royal Bluebell (<i><a href="/wiki/Wahlenbergia_gloriosa" title="Wahlenbergia gloriosa">Wahlenbergia gloriosa</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>New South Wales – New South Wales Waratah (<i><a href="/wiki/Telopea_speciosissima" title="Telopea speciosissima">Telopea speciosissima</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Northern Territory – Sturt's Desert Rose (<i><a href="/wiki/Gossypium_sturtianum" title="Gossypium sturtianum">Gossypium sturtianum</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Queensland – Cooktown Orchid (<i><a href="/wiki/Dendrobium_phalaenopsis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dendrobium phalaenopsis">Dendrobium phalaenopsis</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>South Australia – Sturt's Desert Pea (<i><a href="/wiki/Swainsona_formosa" title="Swainsona formosa">Swainsona formosa</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tasmania – Tasmanian Blue Gum (<i><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus_globulus" title="Eucalyptus globulus">Eucalyptus globulus</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Victoria – Pink (Common) Heath (<i><a href="/wiki/Epacris_impressa" title="Epacris impressa">Epacris impressa</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Western Australia – Red and Green Kangaroo Paw (<i><a href="/wiki/Anigozanthos_manglesii" title="Anigozanthos manglesii">Anigozanthos manglesii</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_108-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norway">Norway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=108" title="Edit section: Norway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lily-of-the-valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Lily-of-the-valley">Lily-of-the-valley</a> was chosen as the county flower of <a href="/wiki/%C3%98stfold" title="Østfold">Østfold</a><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="Globe flower">Globe flower</a> is the county flower of <a href="/wiki/Troms" title="Troms">Troms</a><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom_2">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=109" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tudor_Rose.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tudor_Rose.svg/220px-Tudor_Rose.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tudor_Rose.svg/330px-Tudor_Rose.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tudor_Rose.svg/440px-Tudor_Rose.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>The Tudor rose is a combination of the <a href="/wiki/Red_rose_of_Lancaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Red rose of Lancaster">red rose of Lancaster</a> and the <a href="/wiki/White_rose_of_York" class="mw-redirect" title="White rose of York">white rose of York</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Each of the four <a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">countries of the United Kingdom</a> has a traditional floral emblem: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> – officially the <a href="/wiki/Tudor_rose" title="Tudor rose">Tudor rose</a><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-congrec_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congrec-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or unofficially the red <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">rose</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_oak" class="mw-redirect" title="English oak">English oak</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-compendium_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compendium-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Orange_lily" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange lily">orange lily</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Shamrock" title="Shamrock">shamrock</a>. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Thistle#Origin_as_a_symbol_of_Scotland" title="Thistle">Scotch thistle</a>, Scottish bluebell (<a href="/wiki/Harebell" class="mw-redirect" title="Harebell">harebell</a>), or <a href="/wiki/Calluna" title="Calluna">heather</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Daffodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Daffodil">daffodil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leek_(vegetable)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leek (vegetable)">leek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Rose" class="mw-redirect" title="Tudor Rose">Tudor Rose</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Sessile_oak" class="mw-redirect" title="Sessile oak">sessile oak</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="County_flowers">County flowers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=110" title="Edit section: County flowers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/County_flowers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="County flowers of the United Kingdom">County flowers of the United Kingdom</a></div> <p>A <b>county flower</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plant</a> chosen to symbolise a county. They exist primarily in the United Kingdom, but some counties in other countries also have them. </p><p>One or two county flowers have a long history in England – the <a href="/wiki/Red_rose_of_Lancashire" class="mw-redirect" title="Red rose of Lancashire">red rose of Lancashire</a> dates from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, for instance. However, the county flower concept was only extended to cover the whole United Kingdom in 2002, as a <a href="/wiki/Promotional_tool" class="mw-redirect" title="Promotional tool">promotional tool</a> by a charity. In that year, the plant conservation charity <a href="/wiki/Plantlife" title="Plantlife">Plantlife</a> ran a competition to choose county flowers for all counties, to celebrate the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Jubilee_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II">Golden Jubilee</a> of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom">Queen Elizabeth II</a>. </p><p>Plantlife's scheme is loosely based on Britain's <a href="/wiki/Counties_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Counties of the United Kingdom">historic counties</a>, and so some current <a href="/wiki/Local_government_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government of the United Kingdom">local government areas</a> are not represented by a flower, and some of the counties included no longer exist as administrative areas. Flowers were also chosen for thirteen major cities: <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>, Birmingham, Bristol, <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a>, Edinburgh, <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a>, Liverpool, London, <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Newcastle upon Tyne">Newcastle upon Tyne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nottingham" title="Nottingham">Nottingham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Isles_of_Scilly" title="Isles of Scilly">Isles of Scilly</a> was also treated as a county (distinct from Cornwall) for the purpose of the scheme. The <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> was included, even though it is not a county, but a self-governing territory outside of the United Kingdom with an existing national flower: the ragwort or <i>cushag</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a> were not included. </p><p>A total of 94 flowers were chosen in the competition. 85 of the 109 counties have a unique county flower, but several species were chosen by more than one county. <a href="/wiki/Digitalis_purpurea" title="Digitalis purpurea">Foxglove</a> or <i>Digitalis purpurea</i> was chosen for four counties – <a href="/wiki/Argyll" title="Argyll">Argyll</a>, Birmingham, <a href="/wiki/Leicestershire" title="Leicestershire">Leicestershire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monmouthshire_(historic)" title="Monmouthshire (historic)">Monmouthshire</a> – more than any other species. The following species were chosen for three counties each: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bog_Rosemary" class="mw-redirect" title="Bog Rosemary">Bog Rosemary</a> <i>Andromeda polifolia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ceredigion" title="Ceredigion">Cardiganshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirkcudbrightshire" title="Kirkcudbrightshire">Kirkcudbright</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_Tyrone" title="County Tyrone">Tyrone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primula_veris" title="Primula veris">Cowslip</a> <i>Primula veris</i> (<a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Worcestershire" title="Worcestershire">Worcestershire</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harebell" class="mw-redirect" title="Harebell">Harebell</a> <i>Campanula rotundifolia</i> (<a href="/wiki/County_Antrim" title="County Antrim">Antrim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dumfriesshire" title="Dumfriesshire">Dumfriesshire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armeria_maritima" title="Armeria maritima">Thrift</a> <i>Armeria maritima</i> (<a href="/wiki/County_of_Bute" title="County of Bute">Buteshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pembrokeshire" title="Pembrokeshire">Pembrokeshire</a> and the Isles of Scilly)</li></ul> <p>And the following species were chosen for two counties: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grass-of-parnassus" class="mw-redirect" title="Grass-of-parnassus">Grass-of-parnassus</a> <i>Parnassia palustris</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cumberland" title="Cumberland">Cumberland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sutherland" title="Sutherland">Sutherland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasqueflower" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasqueflower">Pasqueflower</a> <i>Pulsatilla vulgaris</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire" title="Cambridgeshire">Cambridgeshire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Poppy" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Poppy">Common Poppy</a> <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> (<a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a>)</li></ul> <p>In addition, <a href="/wiki/Lychnis_viscaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Lychnis viscaria">Sticky Catchfly</a> <i>Lychnis viscaria</i> was chosen for both Edinburgh and <a href="/wiki/Midlothian" title="Midlothian">Midlothian</a>, the county containing Edinburgh. </p><p>For most counties, <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_(ecology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous (ecology)">native</a> species were chosen, but for a small number of counties, <a href="/wiki/Alien_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alien (biology)">non-natives</a> were chosen, mainly <a href="/wiki/Archaeophyte" title="Archaeophyte">archaeophytes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unofficial_plants">Unofficial plants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=111" title="Edit section: Unofficial plants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armenia">Armenia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=112" title="Edit section: Armenia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>No plant or flower seems to be among the current official symbols.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some flowering plants from the area include <i><a href="/wiki/Althaea_armeniaca" title="Althaea armeniaca">Althaea armeniaca</a></i>, Armenian Basket, <i><a href="/wiki/Muscari_armeniacum" title="Muscari armeniacum">Muscari armeniacum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Papaver_lateritium" title="Papaver lateritium">Papaver lateritium</a></i>, Armenian vartig (vargit), and <i><a href="/wiki/Tulipa_armena" title="Tulipa armena">Tulipa armena</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=113" title="Edit section: Azerbaijan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Azerbaijan currently has no official national flower. Traditionally, various regions have different designations where national symbols are concerned. The city of <a href="/wiki/Shusha" title="Shusha">Shusha</a> named the <a href="/wiki/Khari_Bulbul" class="mw-redirect" title="Khari Bulbul">Khari Bulbul</a> (<i>Ophrys caucasica</i>) the floral emblem of the <a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Nagorno-Karabakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belarus">Belarus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=114" title="Edit section: Belarus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The unofficial national flower of <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> is wild blue <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Minahan_52-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minahan-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Centaurea" title="Centaurea">Centaurea</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China">China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=115" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>China currently has no official national flower. Traditionally, various regions have different designations where national symbols are concerned. </p><p>In 1903, the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> named the <a href="/wiki/Paeonia_suffruticosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Paeonia suffruticosa">peony</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">牡丹</span></span>) the floral emblem of the nation. The peony has long been considered a flower of wealth and honor in China.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The puppet state <a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a> followed Japan's model of dual floral emblems: the "spring orchid" (Cymbidium goeringii) for the Emperor and the imperial household, and the sorghum blossom (Sorghum bicolor) for the state and the nation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Plum_blossom" class="mw-redirect" title="Plum blossom">plum blossom</a>, <i>meihua</i> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">梅花</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">méihuā</span></i>), has also been one of the most beloved flowers in Chinese culture. The Republic of China government named the plum blossom as the national flower in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-roc_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roc-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plum blossom is symbol for resilience and perseverance in the face of adversity, because plum blossoms often bloom most vibrantly even amidst the harsh winter snow.<sup id="cite_ref-roc_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roc-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-flagroc_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flagroc-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-npm-roc_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npm-roc-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The People's Republic of China, which has controlled mainland China since 1949, has no official floral emblem. There have been several petitions in recent years to officially adopt one. However, the government has not taken any action yet. A poll in 2005 showed that 41% of the public supports peony as the national flower while 36% supported the plum blossom.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some scholars have suggested that the peony and plum blossoms may be designated as dual national flowers. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Orchid" title="Orchid">orchid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jasmine" title="Jasmine">jasmine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daffodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Daffodil">daffodil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum" title="Chrysanthemum">chrysanthemum</a> have also been held as possible floral symbols of China. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecuador">Ecuador</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=116" title="Edit section: Ecuador"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>No flower has been officially declared as a national symbol. Unofficially the <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">rose</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Orchid" title="Orchid">orchid</a> are claimed to hold that title.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egypt">Egypt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=117" title="Edit section: Egypt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both <a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_caerulea" class="mw-redirect" title="Nymphaea caerulea">Blue Egyptian Lotus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_lotus" title="Nymphaea lotus">White Egyptian Lotus</a> are regarded as <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>'s national flowers, and they appear in many <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egyptian</a> paintings and monuments.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France_2">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=118" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> does not have an official national flower, the <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleur-de-lis</a>, which was a symbol of the royal family, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Centaurea_cyanus" title="Centaurea cyanus">cornflower</a> (blue), <a href="/wiki/Argyranthemum_frutescens" title="Argyranthemum frutescens">marguerite</a> (white), and <a href="/wiki/Papaver_rhoeas" title="Papaver rhoeas">red poppy</a>, which together represent the tri-colored <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">national flag</a>, are also generally treated as French national flowers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guinea">Guinea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=119" title="Edit section: Guinea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 2018 public vote <i><a href="/wiki/Vernonia_djalonensis" title="Vernonia djalonensis">Vernonia djalonensis</a></i> was voted as the national flower of <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a>, a decision which is currently awaiting government approval<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy_2">Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=120" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Italy doesn't have an official floral emblem, though the Lily <a href="/wiki/Lilium" title="Lilium">lilium</a> is commonly cited. Other less common options are the <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">Rose</a> and the <a href="/wiki/White_poppy" title="White poppy">White poppy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan_2">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=121" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:142px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2007_Sakura_of_Fukushima-e_007_rotated.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2007_Sakura_of_Fukushima-e_007_rotated.jpg/142px-2007_Sakura_of_Fukushima-e_007_rotated.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2007_Sakura_of_Fukushima-e_007_rotated.jpg/213px-2007_Sakura_of_Fukushima-e_007_rotated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2007_Sakura_of_Fukushima-e_007_rotated.jpg/284px-2007_Sakura_of_Fukushima-e_007_rotated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1995" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Cherry blossoms</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:142px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/142px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="142" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/213px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/284px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Chrysanthemum morifolium</div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flow-root"><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center">The <a href="/wiki/Cherry_blossom" title="Cherry blossom">cherry blossom</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum_morifolium" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysanthemum morifolium">Chrysanthemum morifolium</a></i> are usually considered the national flowers of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.</div></div></div></div> <p>Japan's national government has never formally named a national flower, as with other symbols such as the <a href="/wiki/Green_pheasant" title="Green pheasant">green pheasant</a>, which was named as national bird by a non-government body in 1947. In 1999, the <a href="/wiki/Hinomaru" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinomaru">national flag</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kimigayo" title="Kimigayo">anthem</a> were <a href="/wiki/Act_on_National_Flag_and_Anthem_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Act on National Flag and Anthem (Japan)">standardised by law</a>. </p><p>A <i>de facto</i> national flower for Japan for many is the <i>sakura</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cherry_blossom" title="Cherry blossom">cherry blossom</a>), while a stylised depiction of a <a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum_morifolium" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysanthemum morifolium">Chrysanthemum morifolium</a> is used as the official <a href="/wiki/Mon_(emblem)" title="Mon (emblem)">emblem</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_House_of_Japan" title="Imperial House of Japan">imperial family</a> (<a href="/wiki/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan" title="Imperial Seal of Japan">Imperial Seal of Japan</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Paulownia" title="Paulownia">Paulownia</a> blossom was also used by the imperial family in the past, but has since been appropriated by the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Japan" title="Government of Japan">government</a> in general (<a href="/wiki/Government_Seal_of_Japan" title="Government Seal of Japan">Government Seal of Japan</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vietnam_2">Vietnam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=122" title="Edit section: Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While Vietnam does not have an official flower, four plants are traditional regarded as the <i>four graceful plants</i>, namely: the lotus, the pine, bamboo, and the chrysanthemum.<sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lotus (<i>Nelumbo nucifera</i>) is generally regarded as the unofficial national flower of Vietnam,<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as portrayed, for example, on their postage stamps.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Vietnamese tradition, the lotus is regarded as <i>the symbol of purity, commitment and optimism for the future.</i><sup id="cite_ref-ASEANnationalflowers_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASEANnationalflowers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=123" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_rose" title="Tudor rose">Tudor rose</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=124" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.govmu.org&rft.atitle=Republic+of+Mauritius-+National+Flower&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.govmu.org%2FEnglish%2FExploreMauritius%2FNationalSymbols%2FPages%2FNational-Flower.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nigerianembassy.co.il/the-national-flower-of-nigeria-costus-spectabilis/">"The National Flower of Nigeria: Costus Spectabilis | Nigerian Embassy in Tel-Aviv, Israel"</a>. <i>www.nigerianembassy.co.il</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nigerianembassy.co.il&rft.atitle=The+National+Flower+of+Nigeria%3A+Costus+Spectabilis+%7C+Nigerian+Embassy+in+Tel-Aviv%2C+Israel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nigerianembassy.co.il%2Fthe-national-flower-of-nigeria-costus-spectabilis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kreolmagazine.com/travel-2/the-mysterious-and-exotic-plants-of-seychelles/#.WwJjpy_Gw6g">"The Mysterious and Exotic Plants of Seychelles | | International Magazine Kreol"</a>. <i>kreolmagazine.com</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/fd/fd.nsf/a5e0199a400ea5d8c2257060003da28b/BB1649B6A125D106C225710A00286CC0/%24file/kyklamino%20-%20cyclamen_cyprium%20-%20greek.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-02-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://naturstyrelsen.dk/om-os/kontakt/faq/nationalplanter-og-dyr/">the original</a> on 21 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Una specie che resiste agli incendi"</a>. <i>Altovastese</i> (in Italian). 3 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424020359/http://www.altovastese.it/cultura/il-corbezzolo-simbolo-unita-italia-specie-che-resiste-agli-incendi/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Altovastese&rft.atitle=Il+corbezzolo+simbolo+dell%27Unit%C3%A0+d%27Italia.+Una+specie+che+resiste+agli+incendi&rft.date=2011-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.altovastese.it%2Fcultura%2Fil-corbezzolo-simbolo-unita-italia-specie-che-resiste-agli-incendi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Minahan-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Minahan_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Minahan_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Minahan_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Minahan_52-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">James Minahan. <i>The complete guide to national symbols and emblems, Vol. 1</i>. 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Australian National Botanic Gardens.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Australia%27s+Floral+Emblem&rft.pub=Australian+National+Botanic+Gardens&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anbg.gov.au%2Femblems%2Faust.emblem.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/nation-and-government/page-9">Nationhood and identity</a> <i>teara.govt.nz</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080216033240/http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1470">"About Argentina"</a>. www.argentina.gov.ar. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.az&rft.atitle=Monument+to+Khari+bulbul+to+be+erected+in+Turkey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.az%2Farticles%2Fsociety%2F100543&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2005-07/22/content_3253762.htm">民众呼吁尽快确定国花梅花还是牡丹引起激辩 (Chinese: The public calls for speedy designation of national flower; debates between plum blossom and peony)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120424122630/http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2005-07/22/content_3253762.htm">Archived</a> 2012-04-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://www.hoy.com.ec/noticias-ecuador/de-simbolos-patrios-455760.html&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.hoy.com.ec/noticias-ecuador/de-simbolos-patrios-455760.html%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1252%26bih%3D566">"Google Translate"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Translate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftranslate.google.com%2Ftranslate%3Fhl%3Den%26sl%3Des%26u%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.hoy.com.ec%2Fnoticias-ecuador%2Fde-simbolos-patrios-455760.html%26prev%3D%2Fsearch%253Fq%253Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.hoy.com.ec%2Fnoticias-ecuador%2Fde-simbolos-patrios-455760.html%2526hl%253Den%2526biw%253D1252%2526bih%253D566&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Mahony2018" class="citation news cs1">O'Mahony, Jennifer (2018-06-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/06/12/west-african-nation-guinea-selects-national-flower-first-time/">"Guinea selects national flower for the first time with help from Kew Gardens"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Guinea+selects+national+flower+for+the+first+time+with+help+from+Kew+Gardens&rft.date=2018-06-12&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft.aulast=O%27Mahony&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2018%2F06%2F12%2Fwest-african-nation-guinea-selects-national-flower-first-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whatsanswer.com/what-is-the-national-flower-of-italy/">"What Is The National Flower of Italy?"</a>. <i>WhatsAnswer</i>. 2017-12-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WhatsAnswer&rft.atitle=What+Is+The+National+Flower+of+Italy%3F&rft.date=2017-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatsanswer.com%2Fwhat-is-the-national-flower-of-italy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flowersitaly.com/blog/national-flower-of-italy/">"What Is The National Flower of Italy?"</a>. <i>Flowers Italy</i>. 2023-02-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/art-entertainment/88086/floral-emblems-of-vietnam-and-south-east-asian-nations.html">the original</a> on 31 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Floral+emblems+of+Vietnam+and+South+East+Asian+nations&rft.pub=VietNamNet+Online+Newspaper&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.vietnamnet.vn%2Ffms%2Fart-entertainment%2F88086%2Ffloral-emblems-of-vietnam-and-south-east-asian-nations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130302162140/http://www.vietnametravel.com/symbol-of-vietnam-i164.html">"Symbol of Vietnam: Vietnam National flower"</a>. Vietnam Travel. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vietnametravel.com/symbol-of-vietnam-i164.html">the original</a> on 2 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Symbol+of+Vietnam%3A+Vietnam+National+flower&rft.pub=Vietnam+Travel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vietnametravel.com%2Fsymbol-of-vietnam-i164.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scott #874 and #875 show the lotus and flag, respectively, in honor of the first unified National Assembly general elections of 1976. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott_Publishing_Company2008" class="citation book cs1">Scott Publishing Company (2008). <i>2009 Scott Standard Stamp Catalogue: Vietnam</i>. Vol. 6. New York. p. 1001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=2009+Scott+Standard+Stamp+Catalogue%3A+Vietnam&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1001&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Scott+Publishing+Company&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+national+flowers" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span>, and again the flag and lotus are on the bicentennial issue Scot #3233, Scott Standard Stamp Catalogue 2008 page 1032</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_national_flowers&action=edit&section=125" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output 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alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:National_flowers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:National flowers">National flowers</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060214131539/http://www.plantlife.org.uk/uk/plantlife-discovering-plants-county-flowers.html">Plantlife</a> County flowers page</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3684291.stm">BBC coverage of the county flowers competition</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/provincial-floral-emblems">Provincial Floral Emblems of Canada</a> - <i>The Canadian Encyclopedia</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100310165645/http://national-flowers.info/">National Flowers</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131214022910/http://www.buzzle.com/articles/a-complete-list-of-national-flowers-by-country.html">Buzzle.com</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup> List of national flowers by country</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_symbols_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_symbols" title="Template:National symbols"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_symbols" title="Template talk:National symbols"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_symbols" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National symbols"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_symbols_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_symbol" title="National symbol">National symbols</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lists_of_national_symbols" title="Lists of national symbols">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_coat_of_arms" title="National coat of arms">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_colours" title="National colours">Colour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_god" title="National god">Deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_dish" title="National dish">Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem" title="National emblem">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_Nation" title="Father of the Nation">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_flag" title="National flag">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floral_emblem" class="mw-redirect" title="Floral emblem">Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_myth" title="National myth">Myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_patron_saint" class="mw-redirect" title="National patron saint">Patron saint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_personification" title="National personification">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_poetry" title="National poetry">Poetry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_epic" title="National epic">Epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_poet" title="National poet">Poets</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_national_symbols" title="Religion in national symbols">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_sport" title="National sport">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_animals" title="List of national animals">Animals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_birds" title="List of national birds">birds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_anthems" title="List of national anthems">Anthems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_dances" title="List of national dances">Dances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_founders" title="List of national founders">Founders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_fruits" title="List of national fruits">Fruits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_instruments_(music)" title="List of national instruments (music)">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_drinks" title="List of national drinks">Drinks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_liquors" title="List of national liquors">liquors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_mottos" title="List of national mottos">Mottos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_trees" title="List of national trees">Trees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_sovereign_states" title="Armorial of sovereign states">Country coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallery_of_sovereign_state_flags" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallery of sovereign state flags">State flags</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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