CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: signature inversion</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: signature inversion"> <meta name="keywords" content="signature inversion"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="signature inversion" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="signature inversion"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 386</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: signature inversion</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">386</span> Abnormal Features of Two Quasiparticle Rotational Bands in Rare Earths</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kawalpreet%20Kalra">Kawalpreet Kalra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alpana%20Goel"> Alpana Goel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The behaviour of the rotational bands should be smooth but due to large amount of inertia and decreased pairing it is not so. Many experiments have been done in the last few decades, and a large amount of data is available for comprehensive study in this region. Peculiar features like signature dependence, signature inversion, and signature reversal are observed in many two quasiparticle rotational bands of doubly odd and doubly even nuclei. At high rotational frequencies, signature and parity are the only two good quantum numbers available to label a state. Signature quantum number is denoted by α. Even-angular momentum states of a rotational band have α =0, and the odd-angular momentum states have α =1. It has been observed that the odd-spin members lie lower in energy up to a certain spin Ic; the normal signature dependence is restored afterwards. This anomalous feature is termed as signature inversion. The systematic of signature inversion in high-j orbitals for doubly odd rare earth nuclei have been done. Many unusual features like signature dependence, signature inversion and signature reversal are observed in rotational bands of even-even/odd-odd nuclei. Attempts have been made to understand these phenomena using several models. These features have been analyzed within the framework of the Two Quasiparticle Plus Rotor Model (TQPRM). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotational%20bands" title="rotational bands">rotational bands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20dependence" title=" signature dependence"> signature dependence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20quantum%20number" title=" signature quantum number"> signature quantum number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20quasiparticle" title=" two quasiparticle"> two quasiparticle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84944/abnormal-features-of-two-quasiparticle-rotational-bands-in-rare-earths" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">385</span> Two Quasiparticle Rotor Model for Deformed Nuclei</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alpana%20Goel">Alpana Goel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kawalpreet%20Kalra"> Kawalpreet Kalra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of level structures of deformed nuclei is the most complex topic in nuclear physics. For the description of level structure, a simple model is good enough to bring out the basic features which may then be further refined. The low lying level structures of these nuclei can, therefore, be understood in terms of Two Quasiparticle plus axially symmetric Rotor Model (TQPRM). The formulation of TQPRM for deformed nuclei has been presented. The analysis of available experimental data on two quasiparticle rotational bands of deformed nuclei present unusual features like signature dependence, odd-even staggering, signature inversion and signature reversal in two quasiparticle rotational bands of deformed nuclei. These signature effects are well discussed within the framework of TQPRM. The model is well efficient in reproducing the large odd-even staggering and anomalous features observed in even-even and odd-odd deformed nuclei. The effect of particle-particle and the Coriolis coupling is well established from the model. Detailed description of the model with implications to deformed nuclei is presented in the paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformed%20nuclei" title="deformed nuclei">deformed nuclei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20effects" title=" signature effects"> signature effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion" title=" signature inversion"> signature inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20reversal" title=" signature reversal"> signature reversal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84934/two-quasiparticle-rotor-model-for-deformed-nuclei" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">384</span> Application of Post-Stack and Pre-Stack Seismic Inversion for Prediction of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in a Persian Gulf Gas Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nastaran%20Moosavi">Nastaran Moosavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mokhtari"> Mohammad Mokhtari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seismic inversion is a technique which has been in use for years and its main goal is to estimate and to model physical characteristics of rocks and fluids. Generally, it is a combination of seismic and well-log data. Seismic inversion can be carried out through different methods; we have conducted and compared post-stack and pre- stack seismic inversion methods on real data in one of the fields in the Persian Gulf. Pre-stack seismic inversion can transform seismic data to rock physics such as P-impedance, S-impedance and density. While post- stack seismic inversion can just estimate P-impedance. Then these parameters can be used in reservoir identification. Based on the results of inverting seismic data, a gas reservoir was detected in one of Hydrocarbon oil fields in south of Iran (Persian Gulf). By comparing post stack and pre-stack seismic inversion it can be concluded that the pre-stack seismic inversion provides a more reliable and detailed information for identification and prediction of hydrocarbon reservoirs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title="density">density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p-impedance" title=" p-impedance"> p-impedance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=s-impedance" title=" s-impedance"> s-impedance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-stack%20seismic%20inversion" title=" post-stack seismic inversion"> post-stack seismic inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-stack%20seismic%20inversion" title=" pre-stack seismic inversion"> pre-stack seismic inversion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54295/application-of-post-stack-and-pre-stack-seismic-inversion-for-prediction-of-hydrocarbon-reservoirs-in-a-persian-gulf-gas-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">383</span> Application of Signature Verification Models for Document Recognition </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boris%20M.%20Fedorov">Boris M. Fedorov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20P.%20Goncharenko"> Liudmila P. Goncharenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20A.%20Sybachin"> Sergey A. Sybachin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20A.%20Mamedova"> Natalia A. Mamedova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekaterina%20V.%20Makarenkova"> Ekaterina V. Makarenkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saule%20Rakhimova"> Saule Rakhimova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In modern economic conditions, the question of the possibility of correct recognition of a signature on digital documents in order to verify the expression of will or confirm a certain operation is relevant. The additional complexity of processing lies in the dynamic variability of the signature for each individual, as well as in the way information is processed because the signature refers to biometric data. The article discusses the issues of using artificial intelligence models in order to improve the quality of signature confirmation in document recognition. The analysis of several possible options for using the model is carried out. The results of the study are given, in which it is possible to correctly determine the authenticity of the signature on small samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20recognition" title="signature recognition">signature recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometric%20data" title=" biometric data"> biometric data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20networks" title=" neural networks"> neural networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131387/application-of-signature-verification-models-for-document-recognition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">382</span> Offline Signature Verification in Punjabi Based On SURF Features and Critical Point Matching Using HMM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajpal%20Kaur">Rajpal Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooja%20Choudhary"> Pooja Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biometrics, which refers to identifying an individual based on his or her physiological or behavioral characteristics, has the capabilities to the reliably distinguish between an authorized person and an imposter. The Signature recognition systems can categorized as offline (static) and online (dynamic). This paper presents Surf Feature based recognition of offline signatures system that is trained with low-resolution scanned signature images. The signature of a person is an important biometric attribute of a human being which can be used to authenticate human identity. However the signatures of human can be handled as an image and recognized using computer vision and HMM techniques. With modern computers, there is need to develop fast algorithms for signature recognition. There are multiple techniques are defined to signature recognition with a lot of scope of research. In this paper, (static signature) off-line signature recognition & verification using surf feature with HMM is proposed, where the signature is captured and presented to the user in an image format. Signatures are verified depended on parameters extracted from the signature using various image processing techniques. The Off-line Signature Verification and Recognition is implemented using Mat lab platform. This work has been analyzed or tested and found suitable for its purpose or result. The proposed method performs better than the other recently proposed methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20signature%20verification" title="offline signature verification">offline signature verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20signature%20recognition" title=" offline signature recognition"> offline signature recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signatures" title=" signatures"> signatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SURF%20features" title=" SURF features"> SURF features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HMM" title=" HMM "> HMM </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20259/offline-signature-verification-in-punjabi-based-on-surf-features-and-critical-point-matching-using-hmm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">381</span> Rounding Technique's Application in Schnorr Signature Algorithm: Known Partially Most Significant Bits of Nonce</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenjie%20Qin">Wenjie Qin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kewei%20Lv"> Kewei Lv</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 1996, Boneh and Venkatesan proposed the Hidden Number Problem (HNP) and proved the most significant bits (MSB) of computational Diffie-Hellman key exchange scheme and related schemes are unpredictable bits. They also gave a method which is a lattice rounding technique to solve HNP in non-uniform model. In this paper, we put forward a new concept that is Schnorr-MSB-HNP. We also reduce the problem of solving Schnorr signature private key with a few consecutive most significant bits of random nonce (used at each signature generation) to Schnorr-MSB-HNP, then we use the rounding technique to solve the Schnorr-MSB-HNP. We have come to the conclusion that if there is a ‘miraculous box’ which inputs the random nonce and outputs 2loglogq (q is a prime number) most significant bits of nonce, the signature private key will be obtained by choosing 2logq signature messages randomly. Thus we get an attack on the Schnorr signature private key. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rounding%20technique" title="rounding technique">rounding technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=most%20significant%20bits" title=" most significant bits"> most significant bits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schnorr%20signature%20algorithm" title=" Schnorr signature algorithm"> Schnorr signature algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonce" title=" nonce"> nonce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schnorr-MSB-HNP" title=" Schnorr-MSB-HNP"> Schnorr-MSB-HNP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67137/rounding-techniques-application-in-schnorr-signature-algorithm-known-partially-most-significant-bits-of-nonce" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">380</span> Online Authenticity Verification of a Biometric Signature Using Dynamic Time Warping Method and Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ga%C5%82ka%20Aleksandra">Gałka Aleksandra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeli%C5%84ska%20Justyna"> Jelińska Justyna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masiak%20Albert"> Masiak Albert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walentukiewicz%20Krzysztof"> Walentukiewicz Krzysztof</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An offline signature is well-known however not the safest way to verify identity. Nowadays, to ensure proper authentication, i.e. in banking systems, multimodal verification is more widely used. In this paper the online signature analysis based on dynamic time warping (DTW) coupled with machine learning approaches has been presented. In our research signatures made with biometric pens were gathered. Signature features as well as their forgeries have been described. For verification of authenticity various methods were used including convolutional neural networks using DTW matrix and multilayer perceptron using sums of DTW matrix paths. System efficiency has been evaluated on signatures and signature forgeries collected on the same day. Results are presented and discussed in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20time%20warping" title="dynamic time warping">dynamic time warping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwritten%20signature%20verification" title=" handwritten signature verification"> handwritten signature verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature-based%20recognition" title=" feature-based recognition"> feature-based recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20signature" title=" online signature"> online signature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153364/online-authenticity-verification-of-a-biometric-signature-using-dynamic-time-warping-method-and-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">379</span> An Architecture Based on Capsule Networks for the Identification of Handwritten Signature Forgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luisa%20Mesquita%20Oliveira%20Ribeiro">Luisa Mesquita Oliveira Ribeiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexei%20Manso%20Correa%20Machado"> Alexei Manso Correa Machado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Handwritten signature is a unique form for recognizing an individual, used to discern documents, carry out investigations in the criminal, legal, banking areas and other applications. Signature verification is based on large amounts of biometric data, as they are simple and easy to acquire, among other characteristics. Given this scenario, signature forgery is a worldwide recurring problem and fast and precise techniques are needed to prevent crimes of this nature from occurring. This article carried out a study on the efficiency of the Capsule Network in analyzing and recognizing signatures. The chosen architecture achieved an accuracy of 98.11% and 80.15% for the CEDAR and GPDS databases, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometrics" title="biometrics">biometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting" title=" handwriting"> handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20forgery" title=" signature forgery"> signature forgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172892/an-architecture-based-on-capsule-networks-for-the-identification-of-handwritten-signature-forgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">378</span> Offline Signature Verification Using Minutiae and Curvature Orientation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Nagaty">Khaled Nagaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Nagaty"> Heba Nagaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerard%20McKee"> Gerard McKee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A signature is a behavioral biometric that is used for authenticating users in most financial and legal transactions. Signatures can be easily forged by skilled forgers. Therefore, it is essential to verify whether a signature is genuine or forged. The aim of any signature verification algorithm is to accommodate the differences between signatures of the same person and increase the ability to discriminate between signatures of different persons. This work presented in this paper proposes an automatic signature verification system to indicate whether a signature is genuine or not. The system comprises four phases: (1) The pre-processing phase in which image scaling, binarization, image rotation, dilation, thinning, and connecting ridge breaks are applied. (2) The feature extraction phase in which global and local features are extracted. The local features are minutiae points, curvature orientation, and curve plateau. The global features are signature area, signature aspect ratio, and Hu moments. (3) The post-processing phase, in which false minutiae are removed. (4) The classification phase in which features are enhanced before feeding it into the classifier. k-nearest neighbors and support vector machines are used. The classifier was trained on a benchmark dataset to compare the performance of the proposed offline signature verification system against the state-of-the-art. The accuracy of the proposed system is 92.3%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature" title="signature">signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ridge%20breaks" title=" ridge breaks"> ridge breaks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minutiae" title=" minutiae"> minutiae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orientation" title=" orientation"> orientation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132885/offline-signature-verification-using-minutiae-and-curvature-orientation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">377</span> Inversion of Electrical Resistivity Data: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shrey%20Sharma">Shrey Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gunjan%20Kumar%20Verma"> Gunjan Kumar Verma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High density electrical prospecting has been widely used in groundwater investigation, civil engineering and environmental survey. For efficient inversion, the forward modeling routine, sensitivity calculation, and inversion algorithm must be efficient. This paper attempts to provide a brief summary of the past and ongoing developments of the method. It includes reviews of the procedures used for data acquisition, processing and inversion of electrical resistivity data based on compilation of academic literature. In recent times there had been a significant evolution in field survey designs and data inversion techniques for the resistivity method. In general 2-D inversion for resistivity data is carried out using the linearized least-square method with the local optimization technique .Multi-electrode and multi-channel systems have made it possible to conduct large 2-D, 3-D and even 4-D surveys efficiently to resolve complex geological structures that were not possible with traditional 1-D surveys. 3-D surveys play an increasingly important role in very complex areas where 2-D models suffer from artifacts due to off-line structures. Continued developments in computation technology, as well as fast data inversion techniques and software, have made it possible to use optimization techniques to obtain model parameters to a higher accuracy. A brief discussion on the limitations of the electrical resistivity method has also been presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inversion" title="inversion">inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limitations" title=" limitations"> limitations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title=" resistivity "> resistivity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26692/inversion-of-electrical-resistivity-data-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">376</span> Signature Verification System for a Banking Business Process Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rahaf">A. Rahaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Liyakathunsia"> S. Liyakathunsia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today’s world, unprecedented operational pressure is faced by banks that test the efficiency, effectiveness, and agility of their business processes. In a typical banking process, a person’s authorization is usually based on his signature on most all of the transactions. Signature verification is considered as one of the highly significant information needed for any bank document processing. Banks usually use Signature Verification to authenticate the identity of individuals. In this paper, a business process model has been proposed in order to increase the quality of the verification process and to reduce time and needed resources. In order to understand the current process, a survey has been conducted and distributed among bank employees. After analyzing the survey, a process model has been created using Bizagi modeler which helps in simulating the process after assigning time and cost of it. The outcomes show that the automation of signature verification process is highly recommended for a banking business process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20process%20management" title="business process management">business process management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20modeling" title=" process modeling"> process modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Signature%20Verification" title=" Signature Verification"> Signature Verification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67664/signature-verification-system-for-a-banking-business-process-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">375</span> Sum Capacity with Regularized Channel Inversion in Multi-Antenna Downlink Systems under Equal Power Constraint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attaullah%20Khawaja">Attaullah Khawaja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amna%20Shabbir"> Amna Shabbir </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Channel inversion is one of the simplest techniques for multiuser downlink systems with single-antenna users. In this paper regularized channel inversion under equal power constraint in the multiuser multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) broadcast channels has been considered. Sum capacity with plain channel inversion also known as Zero Forcing Beam Forming (ZFBF) and optimum sum capacity using Dirty Paper Coding (DPC) has also been investigated. Analysis and simulations show that regularization enhances the system performance and empower linear growth in Sum Capacity and specially work well at low signal to noise ratio (SNRs) regime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broadcast%20channel" title="broadcast channel">broadcast channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20inversion" title=" channel inversion"> channel inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20antenna%20multiple-user%20wireless" title=" multiple antenna multiple-user wireless"> multiple antenna multiple-user wireless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-input%20multiple-output%20%28MIMO%29" title=" multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)"> multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regularization" title=" regularization"> regularization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dirty%20paper%20coding%20%28DPC%29" title=" dirty paper coding (DPC)"> dirty paper coding (DPC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sum%20capacity" title=" sum capacity"> sum capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16732/sum-capacity-with-regularized-channel-inversion-in-multi-antenna-downlink-systems-under-equal-power-constraint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">527</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">374</span> Triangular Geometric Feature for Offline Signature Verification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuraidasahana%20Zulkarnain">Zuraidasahana Zulkarnain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Shafry%20Mohd%20Rahim"> Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Anita%20Fairos%20Ismail"> Nor Anita Fairos Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azhar%20M.%20Arsad"> Mohd Azhar M. Arsad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Handwritten signature is accepted widely as a biometric characteristic for personal authentication. The use of appropriate features plays an important role in determining accuracy of signature verification; therefore, this paper presents a feature based on the geometrical concept. To achieve the aim, triangle attributes are exploited to design a new feature since the triangle possesses orientation, angle and transformation that would improve accuracy. The proposed feature uses triangulation geometric set comprising of sides, angles and perimeter of a triangle which is derived from the center of gravity of a signature image. For classification purpose, Euclidean classifier along with Voting-based classifier is used to verify the tendency of forgery signature. This classification process is experimented using triangular geometric feature and selected global features. Based on an experiment that was validated using Grupo de Senales 960 (GPDS-960) signature database, the proposed triangular geometric feature achieves a lower Average Error Rates (AER) value with a percentage of 34% as compared to 43% of the selected global feature. As a conclusion, the proposed triangular geometric feature proves to be a more reliable feature for accurate signature verification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometrics" title="biometrics">biometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=euclidean%20classifier" title=" euclidean classifier"> euclidean classifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=features%20extraction" title=" features extraction"> features extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20signature%20verification" title=" offline signature verification"> offline signature verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voting-based%20classifier" title=" voting-based classifier"> voting-based classifier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45300/triangular-geometric-feature-for-offline-signature-verification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">373</span> Secure Proxy Signature Based on Factoring and Discrete Logarithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20El-Kamchouchi">H. El-Kamchouchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Gaber"> Heba Gaber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Ahmed"> Fatma Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20H.%20El-Kamchouchi"> Dalia H. El-Kamchouchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A digital signature is an electronic signature form used by an original signer to sign a specific document. When the original signer is not in his office or when he/she travels outside, he/she delegates his signing capability to a proxy signer and then the proxy signer generates a signing message on behalf of the original signer. The two parties must be able to authenticate one another and agree on a secret encryption key, in order to communicate securely over an unreliable public network. Authenticated key agreement protocols have an important role in building a secure communications network between the two parties. In this paper, we present a secure proxy signature scheme over an efficient and secure authenticated key agreement protocol based on factoring and discrete logarithm problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20logarithm" title="discrete logarithm">discrete logarithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factoring" title=" factoring"> factoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proxy%20signature" title=" proxy signature"> proxy signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20agreement" title=" key agreement"> key agreement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51597/secure-proxy-signature-based-on-factoring-and-discrete-logarithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">372</span> Hybrid Gravity Gradient Inversion-Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for Motion Planning of Mobile Robots</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng%20Wu">Meng Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Motion planning is a common task required to be fulfilled by robots. A strategy combining Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and gravity gradient inversion algorithm is proposed for motion planning of mobile robots. In this paper, in order to realize optimal motion planning strategy, the cost function in ACO is designed based on gravity gradient inversion algorithm. The obstacles around mobile robot can cause gravity gradient anomalies; the gradiometer is installed on the mobile robot to detect the gravity gradient anomalies. After obtaining the anomalies, gravity gradient inversion algorithm is employed to calculate relative distance and orientation between mobile robot and obstacles. The relative distance and orientation deduced from gravity gradient inversion algorithm is employed as cost function in ACO algorithm to realize motion planning. The proposed strategy is validated by the simulation and experiment results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20planning" title="motion planning">motion planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20gradient%20inversion%20algorithm" title=" gravity gradient inversion algorithm"> gravity gradient inversion algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ant%20colony%20optimization" title=" ant colony optimization"> ant colony optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110462/hybrid-gravity-gradient-inversion-ant-colony-optimization-algorithm-for-motion-planning-of-mobile-robots" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">371</span> Separating Permanent and Induced Magnetic Signature: A Simple Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20J.%20G.%20Somsen">O. J. G. Somsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20P.%20M.%20Wagemakers"> G. P. M. Wagemakers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnetic signature detection provides sensitive detection of metal objects, especially in the natural environment. Our group is developing a tabletop setup for magnetic signatures of various small and model objects. A particular issue is the separation of permanent and induced magnetization. While the latter depends only on the composition and shape of the object, the former also depends on the magnetization history. With common deperming techniques, a significant permanent signature may still remain, which confuses measurements of the induced component. We investigate a basic technique of separating the two. Measurements were done by moving the object along an aluminum rail while the three field components are recorded by a detector attached near the center. This is done first with the rail parallel to the Earth magnetic field and then with anti-parallel orientation. The reversal changes the sign of the induced- but not the permanent magnetization so that the two can be separated. Our preliminary results on a small iron block show excellent reproducibility. A considerable permanent magnetization was indeed present, resulting in a complex asymmetric signature. After separation, a much more symmetric induced signature was obtained that can be studied in detail and compared with theoretical calculations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20signature" title="magnetic signature">magnetic signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20analysis" title=" data analysis"> data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization" title=" magnetization"> magnetization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deperming%20techniques" title=" deperming techniques"> deperming techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34318/separating-permanent-and-induced-magnetic-signature-a-simple-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34318.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">370</span> Integration of Resistivity and Seismic Refraction Using Combine Inversion for Ancient River Findings at Sungai Batu, Lembah Bujang, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rais%20Yusoh">Rais Yusoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20Saad"> Rosli Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mokhtar%20Saidin"> Mokhtar Saidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fauzi%20Andika"> Fauzi Andika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabiu%20Bala%20Muhammad"> Sabiu Bala Muhammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Resistivity and seismic refraction profiling have become a common method in pre-investigations for visualizing subsurface structure. The integration of the methods could reduce an interpretation ambiguity. Both methods have their individual software packages for data inversion, but potential to combine certain geophysical methods are restricted; however, the research algorithms that have this functionality was existed and are evaluated personally. The interpretation of subsurface were improve by combining inversion data from both methods by influence each other models using closure coupling; thus, by implementing both methods to support each other which could improve the subsurface interpretation. These methods were applied on a field dataset from a pre-investigation for archeology in finding the ancient river. There were no major changes in the inverted model by combining data inversion for this archetype which probably due to complex geology. The combine data analysis provides an additional technique for interpretation such as an alluvium, which can have strong influence on the ancient river findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ancient%20river" title="ancient river">ancient river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combine%20inversion" title=" combine inversion"> combine inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title=" resistivity"> resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20refraction" title=" seismic refraction"> seismic refraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70821/integration-of-resistivity-and-seismic-refraction-using-combine-inversion-for-ancient-river-findings-at-sungai-batu-lembah-bujang-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">369</span> The Forensic Handwriting Analysis of a Painter’s Signature: Claude Monet’s Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivia%20Rybak-Karkosz">Olivia Rybak-Karkosz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper's purpose was to present a case study on a questioned Claude Monet's signature forensic handwriting analysis. It is an example taken from the author’s experience as a court handwriting expert. A comparative study was conducted to determine whether the signature resembles similarities (and if so, to what measure) with the features representing the writing patterns and their natural variability typical for Claude Monet. It was conducted to check whether all writing features are within the writer's normal range of variation. The paper emphasizes the difficulties and challenges encountered by the forensic handwriting expert while analysing the questioned signature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artist%E2%80%99s%20signatures" title="artist’s signatures">artist’s signatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authenticity%20of%20an%20artwork" title=" authenticity of an artwork"> authenticity of an artwork</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20handwriting%20analysis" title=" forensic handwriting analysis"> forensic handwriting analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic-comparative%20method" title=" graphic-comparative method"> graphic-comparative method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152843/the-forensic-handwriting-analysis-of-a-painters-signature-claude-monets-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">368</span> Examination of Forged Signatures Printed by Means of Fabrication in Terms of Their Relation to the Perpetrator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salim%20Yaren">Salim Yaren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nergis%20Canturk"> Nergis Canturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Signatures are signs that are handwritten by person in order to confirm values such as information, amount, meaning, time and undertaking that bear on a document. It is understood that the signature of a document and the accuracy of the information on the signature is accepted and approved. Forged signatures are formed by forger without knowing and seeing original signature of person that forger will imitate and as a result of his/her effort for hiding typical characteristics of his/her own signatures. Forged signatures are often signed by starting with the initials of the first and last name or persons of the persons whose fake signature will be signed. The similarities in the signatures are completely random. Within the scope of the study, forged signatures are collected from 100 people both their original signatures and forged signatures signed referring to 5 imaginary people. These signatures are compared for 14 signature analyzing criteria by 2 signature analyzing experts except the researcher. 1 numbered analyzing expert who is 9 year experience in his/her field evaluated signatures of 39 (39%) people right and of 25 (25%) people wrong and he /she made any evaluations for signatures of 36 (36%) people. 2 numbered analyzing expert who is 16 year experienced in his/her field evaluated signatures of 49 (49%) people right and 28 (28%) people wrong and he /she made any evaluations for signatures of 23 (23%) people. Forged signatures that are signed by 24 (24%) people are matched by two analyzing experts properly, forged signatures that are signed by 8 (8%) people are matched wrongfully and made up signatures that are signed by 12 (12%) people couldn't be decided by both analyzing experts. Signatures analyzing is a subjective topic so that analyzing and comparisons take form according to education, knowledge and experience of the expert. Consequently, due to the fact that 39% success is achieved by analyzing expert who has 9 year professional experience and 49% success is achieved by analyzing expert who has 16 year professional experience, it is seen that success rate is directly proportionate to knowledge and experience of the expert. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20signature" title="forensic signature">forensic signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20signature%20analysis" title=" forensic signature analysis"> forensic signature analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20analysis%20criteria" title=" signature analysis criteria"> signature analysis criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forged%20signature" title=" forged signature"> forged signature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104765/examination-of-forged-signatures-printed-by-means-of-fabrication-in-terms-of-their-relation-to-the-perpetrator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">367</span> Use of Quasi-3D Inversion of VES Data Based on Lateral Constraints to Characterize the Aquifer and Mining Sites of an Area Located in the North-East of Figuil, North Cameroon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fofie%20Kokea%20Ariane%20Darolle">Fofie Kokea Ariane Darolle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gouet%20Daniel%20Herv%C3%A9"> Gouet Daniel Hervé</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koumetio%20Fid%C3%A8le"> Koumetio Fidèle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yemele%20David"> Yemele David</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The electrical resistivity method is successfully used in this paper in order to have a clearer picture of the subsurface of the North-East ofFiguil in northern Cameroon. It is worth noting that this method is most often used when the objective of the study is to image the shallow subsoils by considering them as a set of stratified ground layers. The problem to be solved is very often environmental, and in this case, it is necessary to perform an inversion of the data in order to have a complete and accurate picture of the parameters of the said layers. In the case of this work, thirty-three (33) Schlumberger VES have been carried out on an irregular grid to investigate the subsurface of the study area. The 1D inversion applied as a preliminary modeling tool and in correlation with the mechanical drillings results indicates a complex subsurface lithology distribution mainly consisting of marbles and schists. Moreover, the quasi-3D inversion with lateral constraint shows that the misfit between the observed field data and the model response is quite good and acceptable with a value low than 10%. The method also reveals existence of two water bearing in the considered area. The first is the schist or weathering aquifer (unsuitable), and the other is the marble or the fracturing aquifer (suitable). The final quasi 3D inversion results and geological models indicate proper sites for groundwaters prospecting and for mining exploitation, thus allowing the economic development of the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20resistivity%20method" title="electrical resistivity method">electrical resistivity method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1D%20inversion" title=" 1D inversion"> 1D inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi%203D%20inversion" title=" quasi 3D inversion"> quasi 3D inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwaters" title=" groundwaters"> groundwaters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mining" title=" mining"> mining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144894/use-of-quasi-3d-inversion-of-ves-data-based-on-lateral-constraints-to-characterize-the-aquifer-and-mining-sites-of-an-area-located-in-the-north-east-of-figuil-north-cameroon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">366</span> Two-Step Inversion Method for Multi-mode Surface Waves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Zhang">Ying Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface waves provide critical constraints about the earth's structure in the crust and upper mantle. However, different modes of Love waves with close group velocities often arrive at a similar time and interfere with each other. This problem is typical for Love waves at intermediate periods that travel through the oceanic lithosphere. Therefore, we developed a two-step inversion approach to separate the waveforms of the fundamental and first higher mode of Love waves. We first solve the phase velocities of the two modes and their amplitude ratios. The misfit function is based on the sum of phase differences among the station pairs. We then solve the absolute amplitudes of the two modes and their initial phases using obtained phase velocities and amplitude ratio. The separated waveforms of each mode from the two-step inversion method can be further used in surface wave tomography to improve model resolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20wave%20inversion" title="surface wave inversion">surface wave inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waveform%20separation" title=" waveform separation"> waveform separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=love%20waves" title=" love waves"> love waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher-mode%20interference" title=" higher-mode interference"> higher-mode interference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164271/two-step-inversion-method-for-multi-mode-surface-waves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164271.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">365</span> Kalman Filter Gain Elimination in Linear Estimation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20D.%20Assimakis">Nicholas D. Assimakis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In linear estimation, the traditional Kalman filter uses the Kalman filter gain in order to produce estimation and prediction of the n-dimensional state vector using the m-dimensional measurement vector. The computation of the Kalman filter gain requires the inversion of an m x m matrix in every iteration. In this paper, a variation of the Kalman filter eliminating the Kalman filter gain is proposed. In the time varying case, the elimination of the Kalman filter gain requires the inversion of an n x n matrix and the inversion of an m x m matrix in every iteration. In the time invariant case, the elimination of the Kalman filter gain requires the inversion of an n x n matrix in every iteration. The proposed Kalman filter gain elimination algorithm may be faster than the conventional Kalman filter, depending on the model dimensions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20time" title="discrete time">discrete time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation" title=" estimation"> estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter%20gain" title=" Kalman filter gain"> Kalman filter gain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123040/kalman-filter-gain-elimination-in-linear-estimation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">364</span> An Efficient Proxy Signature Scheme Over a Secure Communications Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20El-Kamchouchi">H. El-Kamchouchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Gaber"> Heba Gaber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Ahmed"> Fatma Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20H.%20El-Kamchouchi"> Dalia H. El-Kamchouchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Proxy signature scheme permits an original signer to delegate his/her signing capability to a proxy signer, and then the proxy signer generates a signing message on behalf of the original signer. The two parties must be able to authenticate one another and agree on a secret encryption key, in order to communicate securely over an unreliable public network. Authenticated key agreement protocols have an important role in building secure communications network between the two parties. In this paper, we present a secure proxy signature scheme over an efficient and secure authenticated key agreement protocol based on the discrete logarithm problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proxy%20signature" title="proxy signature">proxy signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warrant%20partial%20delegation" title=" warrant partial delegation"> warrant partial delegation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20agreement" title=" key agreement"> key agreement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20logarithm" title=" discrete logarithm"> discrete logarithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51599/an-efficient-proxy-signature-scheme-over-a-secure-communications-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">363</span> An Approach on Robust Multi Inversion of a Nonlinear Model for an Omni-Directional Mobile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fernando%20P.%20Silva">Fernando P. Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valter%20J.%20S.%20Leite"> Valter J. S. Leite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erivelton%20G.%20Nepomuceno"> Erivelton G. Nepomuceno</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a nonlinear controller design for an omnidirectional mobile is presented. The robot controller consists of an inner-loop controller and an outer-loop controller, the ﬁrst is designed using state feedback (robust allocation) and the second controller is designed based on Robust Multi Inversion (RMI) approach. The objective of RMI controller is rendering the robust inversion of the dynamic, when the model is affected by uncertainties. A model nonlinear MIMO of an omni-directional robot (small-league of Robocup) is used to simulate the RMI approach. The parameters of linear and nonlinear model are varied to cause modelling uncertainties among the model and the real model (real system) generating an error in inner-loop controller signal that must be compensated by RMI controller. The simulation test results show that the RMI is capable of compensating the uncertainties and keep the system stable and controlled under uncertainties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20multi%20inversion" title="robust multi inversion">robust multi inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=omni-directional%20robot" title=" omni-directional robot"> omni-directional robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robocup" title=" robocup"> robocup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20control" title=" nonlinear control"> nonlinear control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7104/an-approach-on-robust-multi-inversion-of-a-nonlinear-model-for-an-omni-directional-mobile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">589</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">362</span> Visco-Acoustic Full Wave Inversion in the Frequency Domain with Mixed Grids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheryl%20Avenda%C3%B1o">Sheryl Avendaño</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Ospina"> Miguel Ospina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hebert%20Montegranario"> Hebert Montegranario</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Full Wave Inversion (FWI) is a variant of seismic tomography for obtaining velocity profiles by an optimization process that combine forward modelling (or solution of wave equation) with the misfit between synthetic and observed data. In this research we are modelling wave propagation in a visco-acoustic medium in the frequency domain. We apply finite differences for the numerical solution of the wave equation with a mix between usual and rotated grids, where density depends on velocity and there exists a damping function associated to a linear dissipative medium. The velocity profiles are obtained from an initial one and the data have been modeled for a frequency range 0-120 Hz. By an iterative procedure we obtain an estimated velocity profile in which are detailed the remarkable features of the velocity profile from which synthetic data were generated showing promising results for our method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20inversion" title="seismic inversion">seismic inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=full%20wave%20inversion" title=" full wave inversion"> full wave inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visco%20acoustic%20wave%20equation" title=" visco acoustic wave equation"> visco acoustic wave equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20diffrence%20methods" title=" finite diffrence methods"> finite diffrence methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33694/visco-acoustic-full-wave-inversion-in-the-frequency-domain-with-mixed-grids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">361</span> Procedural Protocol for Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) Inversion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezvan%20Ravanfar%20Haghighi">Rezvan Ravanfar Haghighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chatterjee"> S. Chatterjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratik%20Kumar"> Pratik Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20C.%20Vani"> V. C. Vani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priya%20Jagia"> Priya Jagia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjiv%20Sharma"> Sanjiv Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susama%20Rani%20Mandal"> Susama Rani Mandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Lakshmy"> R. Lakshmy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dual energy computed tomography (DECT) aims at noting the HU(V) values for the sample at two different voltages V=V1, V2 and thus obtain the electron densities (ρe) and effective atomic number (Zeff) of the substance. In the present paper, we aim to obtain a numerical algorithm by which (ρe, Zeff) can be obtained from the HU(100) and HU(140) data, where V=100, 140 kVp. The idea is to use this inversion method to characterize and distinguish between the lipid and fibrous coronary artery plaques.With the idea to develop the inversion algorithm for low Zeff materials, as is the case with non calcified coronary artery plaque, we prepare aqueous samples whose calculated values of (ρe, Zeff) lie in the range (2.65×1023≤ ρe≤ 3.64×1023 per cc ) and (6.80≤ Zeff ≤ 8.90). We fill the phantom with these known samples and experimentally determine HU(100) and HU(140) for the same pixels. Knowing that the HU(V) values are related to the attenuation coefficient of the system, we present an algorithm by which the (ρe, Zeff) is calibrated with respect to (HU(100), HU(140)). The calibration is done with a known set of 20 samples; its accuracy is checked with a different set of 23 known samples. We find that the calibration gives the ρe with an accuracy of ± 4% while Zeff is found within ±1% of the actual value, the confidence being 95%.In this inversion method (ρe, Zeff) of the scanned sample can be found by eliminating the effects of the CT machine and also by ensuring that the determination of the two unknowns (ρe, Zeff) does not interfere with each other. It is found that this algorithm can be used for prediction of chemical characteristic (ρe, Zeff) of unknown scanned materials with 95% confidence level, by inversion of the DECT data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20composition" title="chemical composition">chemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-energy%20computed%20tomography" title=" dual-energy computed tomography"> dual-energy computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inversion%20algorithm" title=" inversion algorithm"> inversion algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38567/procedural-protocol-for-dual-energy-computed-tomography-dect-inversion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">360</span> A Secure Digital Signature Scheme with Fault Tolerance Based on the Improved RSA System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20El-Kamchouchi">H. El-Kamchouchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Gaber"> Heba Gaber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Ahmed"> Fatma Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20H.%20El-Kamchouchi"> Dalia H. El-Kamchouchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fault tolerance and data security are two important issues in modern communication systems. In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient digital signature scheme with fault tolerance based on the improved RSA system. The proposed scheme for the RSA cryptosystem contains three prime numbers and overcome several attacks possible on RSA. By using the Chinese Reminder Theorem (CRT) the proposed scheme has a speed improvement on the RSA decryption side and it provides high security also. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20signature" title="digital signature">digital signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20tolerance" title=" fault tolerance"> fault tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RSA" title=" RSA"> RSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20analysis" title=" security analysis"> security analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51269/a-secure-digital-signature-scheme-with-fault-tolerance-based-on-the-improved-rsa-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">359</span> Dependence of the Photoelectric Exponent on the Source Spectrum of the CT</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezvan%20Ravanfar%20Haghighi">Rezvan Ravanfar Haghighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20C.%20Vani"> V. C. Vani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suresh%20%20Perumal"> Suresh Perumal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabyasachi%20Chatterjee"> Sabyasachi Chatterjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratik%20Kumar"> Pratik Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> X-ray attenuation coefficient [µ(E)] of any substance, for energy (E), is a sum of the contributions from the Compton scattering [ μCom(E)] and photoelectric effect [µPh(E)]. In terms of the, electron density (ρe) and the effective atomic number (Zeff) we have µCom(E) is proportional to [(ρe)fKN(E)] while µPh(E) is proportional to [(ρeZeffx)/Ey] with fKN(E) being the Klein-Nishina formula, with x and y being the exponents for photoelectric effect. By taking the sample's HU at two different excitation voltages (V=V1, V2) of the CT machine, we can solve for X=ρe, Y=ρeZeffx from these two independent equations, as is attempted in DECT inversion. Since µCom(E) and µPh(E) are both energy dependent, the coefficients of inversion are also dependent on (a) the source spectrum S(E,V) and (b) the detector efficiency D(E) of the CT machine. In the present paper we tabulate these coefficients of inversion for different practical manifestations of S(E,V) and D(E). The HU(V) values from the CT follow: <µ(V)>=<µw(V)>[1+HU(V)/1000] where the subscript 'w' refers to water and the averaging process <….> accounts for the source spectrum S(E,V) and the detector efficiency D(E). Linearity of μ(E) with respect to X and Y implies that (a) <µ(V)> is a linear combination of X and Y and (b) for inversion, X and Y can be written as linear combinations of two independent observations <µ(V1)>, <µ(V2)> with V1≠V2. These coefficients of inversion would naturally depend upon S(E, V) and D(E). We numerically investigate this dependence for some practical cases, by taking V = 100 , 140 kVp, as are used for cardiological investigations. The S(E,V) are generated by using the Boone-Seibert source spectrum, being superposed on aluminium filters of different thickness lAl with 7mm≤lAl≤12mm and the D(E) is considered to be that of a typical Si[Li] solid state and GdOS scintilator detector. In the values of X and Y, found by using the calculated inversion coefficients, errors are below 2% for data with solutions of glycerol, sucrose and glucose. For low Zeff materials like propionic acid, Zeffx is overestimated by 20% with X being within1%. For high Zeffx materials like KOH the value of Zeffx is underestimated by 22% while the error in X is + 15%. These imply that the source may have additional filtering than the aluminium filter specified by the manufacturer. Also it is found that the difference in the values of the inversion coefficients for the two types of detectors is negligible. The type of the detector does not affect on the DECT inversion algorithm to find the unknown chemical characteristic of the scanned materials. The effect of the source should be considered as an important factor to calculate the coefficients of inversion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attenuation%20coefficient" title="attenuation coefficient">attenuation coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoelectric%20effect" title=" photoelectric effect"> photoelectric effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20spectrum" title=" source spectrum"> source spectrum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38566/dependence-of-the-photoelectric-exponent-on-the-source-spectrum-of-the-ct" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">358</span> Inversion of Gravity Data for Density Reconstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arka%20Roy">Arka Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandra%20Prakash%20Dubey"> Chandra Prakash Dubey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inverse problem generally used for recovering hidden information from outside available data. Vertical component of gravity field we will be going to use for underneath density structure calculation. Ill-posing nature is main obstacle for any inverse problem. Linear regularization using Tikhonov formulation are used for appropriate choice of SVD and GSVD components. For real time data handle, signal to noise ratios should have to be less for reliable solution. In our study, 2D and 3D synthetic model with rectangular grid are used for gravity field calculation and its corresponding inversion for density reconstruction. Fine grid also we have considered to hold any irregular structure. Keeping in mind of algebraic ambiguity factor number of observation point should be more than that of number of data point. Picard plot is represented here for choosing appropriate or main controlling Eigenvalues for a regularized solution. Another important study is depth resolution plot (DRP). DRP are generally used for studying how the inversion is influenced by regularizing or discretizing. Our further study involves real time gravity data inversion of Vredeforte Dome South Africa. We apply our method to this data. The results include density structure is in good agreement with known formation in that region, which puts an additional support of our method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depth%20resolution%20plot" title="depth resolution plot">depth resolution plot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20inversion" title=" gravity inversion"> gravity inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Picard%20plot" title=" Picard plot"> Picard plot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SVD" title=" SVD"> SVD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tikhonov%20formulation" title=" Tikhonov formulation"> Tikhonov formulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74339/inversion-of-gravity-data-for-density-reconstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">357</span> Alternative Key Exchange Algorithm Based on Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm Certificate and Usage in Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Andreasyan">A. Andreasyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Connors"> C. Connors</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature algorithm-based X509v3 certificates are becoming more popular due to their short public and private key sizes. Moreover, these certificates can be stored in Internet of Things (IoT) devices, with limited resources, using less memory and transmitted in network security protocols, such as Internet Key Exchange (IKE), Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Shell (SSH) with less bandwidth. The proposed method gives another advantage, in that it increases the performance of the above-mentioned protocols in terms of key exchange by saving one scalar multiplication operation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptography" title="cryptography">cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elliptic%20curve%20digital%20signature%20algorithm" title=" elliptic curve digital signature algorithm"> elliptic curve digital signature algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20exchange" title=" key exchange"> key exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20security%20protocol" title=" network security protocol"> network security protocol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120384/alternative-key-exchange-algorithm-based-on-elliptic-curve-digital-signature-algorithm-certificate-and-usage-in-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=11">11</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=12">12</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=13">13</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature%20inversion&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>