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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soul%C3%A8vement_de_Kumanovo" title="Soulèvement de Kumanovo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Soulèvement de Kumanovo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivolta_di_Kumanovo" title="Rivolta di Kumanovo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rivolta di Kumanovo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Кумановско востание – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кумановско востание" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Кумановское восстание – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кумановское восстание" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Кумановски устанак – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кумановски устанак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" 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.mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this article is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Kumanovo_uprising##" title="Talk:Kumanovo uprising">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Kumanovo uprising</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Serbian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman–Serbian Wars">Ottoman–Serbian Wars</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>20 January – 20 May 1878 (4 months)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">districts (kaza) of <a href="/wiki/Kumanovo_district_(Ottoman)" title="Kumanovo district (Ottoman)">Kumanovo</a>, Kriva Palanka and Kratovo, in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo Vilayet">Kosovo Vilayet</a>, Ottoman Empire (modern <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>)</div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kumanovo_uprising&params=42.1358_N_21.7181_E_type:event"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°08′09″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°43′05″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.1358°N 21.7181°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.1358; 21.7181</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Ottoman victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia"><img alt="Principality of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="563" /></a></span></span> Serb rebels</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> See note<sup id="ref_b_1" class="reference"><a href="#cnote_b">[b]</a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire"><img alt="Ottoman Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hafuz_Pasha" title="Hafuz Pasha">Hafuz Pasha</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1,000 (21 January)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 1,000<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown number of deaths, 150 <a href="/wiki/POW" class="mw-redirect" title="POW">POW</a> (20 May)</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px dotted #aaa;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;border:none"><div style="position:relative;width:220px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kumanovo uprising is located in North Macedonia"><img alt="Kumanovo uprising is located in North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg/220px-North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg/330px-North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg/440px-North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="1133" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.233%;left:48.9%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kumanovo uprising"><img alt="Kumanovo uprising" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Macedonia_relief_location_map.jpg" title="File:North Macedonia relief location map.jpg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Location of <a href="/wiki/Kumanovo" title="Kumanovo">Kumanovo</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Kumanovo uprising</b><sup id="ref_a_1" class="reference"><a href="#cnote_a">[a]</a></sup> was an uprising organized by an assembly of chiefs of the districts (Ottoman <i><a href="/wiki/Kaza" title="Kaza">kaza</a></i>) of <a href="/wiki/Kumanovo_district_(Ottoman)" title="Kumanovo district (Ottoman)">Kumanovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kriva_Palanka_Municipality" title="Kriva Palanka Municipality">Kriva Palanka</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kratovo_Municipality" title="Kratovo Municipality">Kratovo</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Vilayet_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilayet of Kosovo">Vilayet of Kosovo</a> (in modern-day <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>) in 1878. The movement sought to liberate the region from the hands of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. Following the Serbian Army's liberation of <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a> on 12 January 1877, the rebellion began on 20 January 1878 with guerrilla operations during the army's liberation of <a href="/wiki/Vranje" title="Vranje">Vranje</a>. The rebels received secret aid from the Serbian government. The uprising lasted four months until its suppression by the Ottomans on 20 May, during which the Ottomans retaliated with atrocities on the local population. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serbian-Ottoman_War">Serbian-Ottoman War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Serbian-Ottoman War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1876%E2%80%931878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–1878)">Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–1878)</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_Uprising_(1875%E2%80%931877)" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzegovina Uprising (1875–1877)">Herzegovina Uprising (1875–1877)</a>, backed unofficially by the states of <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia">Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Montenegro" title="Principality of Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, sparked a series of rebellions against the Ottoman Empire throughout Europe, such as the Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/April_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="April Uprising">April Uprising</a> and that of <a href="/wiki/Velika_Begovica" title="Velika Begovica">Velika Begovica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-8_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-8-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serbia and Montenegro jointly declared war on the Ottoman Empire on 18 June 1876. Throughout the following two months, the ill-prepared and poorly equipped Serbian Army, though aided by Russian volunteers, failed to achieve offensive objectives. However, the army did manage to repulse the Ottoman offensive into Serbia, and on 26 August, Serbia pleaded European powers to mediate in ending the war. An ultimatum given by European powers forced the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Porte" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Porte">Ottoman Porte</a> to give Serbia a one-month ceasefire and start peace negotiations. The Turkish peace conditions, however, were refused by European powers as too harsh. In early October, after the truce had expired, the Ottoman Army resumed its offensive and the Serbs quickly became desperate. As a result, on 31 October 1876, Russia issued an ultimatum requiring the Ottoman Empire to stop hostilities and sign a new truce with Serbia within 48 hours, a demand backed by the mobilization of up to 20 divisions of the Russian Army. Sultan <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdul Hamid II</a> accepted the conditions of the ultimatum, however, the Ottoman brutality in the war and the violent suppression of the Herzegovina Uprising provoked political pressure within Russia, which saw itself as the protector of the Serbs, to act against the Ottoman Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-MacKenzie1967_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacKenzie1967-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led to the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War</a> (24 April 1877 – 3 March 1878). The Serbian Army advanced into <a href="/wiki/Old_Serbia" title="Old Serbia">Old Serbia</a> and liberated <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a> on 12 January 1878<sup id="cite_ref-Cirkovic2008_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cirkovic2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then <a href="/wiki/Vranje" title="Vranje">Vranje</a> on 31 January 1878.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The wars of Serbia and Montenegro, and then Russia, against the Ottomans motivated liberation movements among the people in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_and_Metohija" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo and Metohija">Kosovo and Metohija</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a> (known at the time as "Old Serbia" or "southern Serbia").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serbia sought to liberate the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo Vilayet">Kosovo Vilayet</a> (sanjaks of Niš, Prizren, Skopje and Novi Pazar).<sup id="cite_ref-Cirkovic2008_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cirkovic2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Serbian Army was joined by southern Serbs who made up special volunteer detachments, a large number being from Macedonia, who wanted to liberate their home regions and unify them with Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These volunteers were infiltrated into the Kumanovo and Kriva Palanka districts.<sup id="cite_ref-armije1968_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-armije1968-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When peace was signed between the Serbs and Ottomans, these groups conducted independent guerrilla fighting under the Serbian flag, which they carried and flew far south of the demarcation line.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Serbian advance in Old Serbia (1877–1878) was followed with uprisings for the Serbian cause in the region, including a notable one that broke out in the counties of Kumanovo, Kriva Palanka, and Kratovo.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prelude">Prelude</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prelude"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the Serbian liberation of Niš, Kumanovo villagers awaited the Serbian Army as it approached Vranje and Kosovo.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serbian artillery fire was heard throughout the winter of 1877–1878.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> troops from <a href="/wiki/Debar" title="Debar">Debar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tetovo" title="Tetovo">Tetovo</a> fled the front and crossed the <a href="/wiki/P%C4%8Dinja_(river)" title="Pčinja (river)">Pčinja</a>, looting and raping along the way.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 January 1878, seventeen armed Albanians descended from the mountains into the village of <a href="/wiki/Oslare" title="Oslare">Oslare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They first arrived at the house of Arsa Stojković, which they looted and emptied before the owner's eyes, enraging him and causing him to punch one of the Albanians.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was shot in the stomach, but still alive, he took a stake to his shooter's head, dying with him.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The local villagers then quickly entered an armed conflict with the Albanians, killing them.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 January 1878, forty Albanian deserters retreating from the Ottoman army broke into the house of elder Taško, a <a href="/wiki/Serf" class="mw-redirect" title="Serf">serf</a> living near <a href="/wiki/Bujanovac" title="Bujanovac">Bujanovac</a>, tied up the males, raped his two daughters and two daughters-in-law,<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then proceeded to loot the house and leave the village.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taško armed himself and persuaded the village to retaliate, tracing the attackers' prints through the snow.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first group of attackers, six of them, were found drunk at <a href="/wiki/Lukarce" title="Lukarce">Lukarce</a>, where they were beaten to death.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They eventually killed all forty.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This small group of retaliatory villagers quickly grew into an uprising, with the rebels riding armed on horseback through the villages of <a href="/wiki/Kumanovo" title="Kumanovo">Kumanovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kriva_Palanka" title="Kriva Palanka">Kriva Palanka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The movement was strengthened when Mladen Piljinski and his followers killed a group of Ottoman Albanian <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/haramiba%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:haramibaşı">haramibaşı</a></i>, Bajram Straž and his seven friends, whose severed heads were bought as trophies and used as flags in the villages.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revolt">Revolt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Revolt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 20 January 1878, the rebels chose Orthodox priest Dimitrije Paunović, from <a href="/wiki/Staro_Nagori%C4%8Dane" title="Staro Nagoričane">Staro Nagoričane</a>, and Veljan Cvetković, from <a href="/wiki/Strnovac" title="Strnovac">Strnovac</a>, as their leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The revolt was organized and led by the district chiefs of Kumanovo, Kriva Palanka, and Kratovo.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prominent rebels from Kumanovo swore oath in the local church to fight for the Serbian cause until their deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One such rebel was the wealthy merchant <a href="/wiki/Denko_Krsti%C4%87" title="Denko Krstić">Denko Krstić</a> (1824–1882) of Mlado Nagoričane, one of the most influential people of Kumanovo in his time.<sup id="cite_ref-BV-1904-348_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BV-1904-348-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the morning of 21 January, the Serbian army entered the villages of <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cetirce" title="Četirce">Četirce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nikuljane" title="Nikuljane">Nikuljane</a>, to the excitement of the locals, who rallied on the icy banks of the river <a href="/wiki/P%C4%8Dinja_(river)" title="Pčinja (river)">Pčinja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebels, who numbered ca. 1,000, met up with the volunteers in the Serbian army.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the following days, the Serbian army was halted after the Russians, their allies, made peace with the Ottomans.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, on 26 January, Christian refugees from Albanian-inhabited villages traveled to <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> with news that Serbian outposts had been erected in <a href="/wiki/Gra%C4%8Danica,_Kosovo" title="Gračanica, Kosovo">Gračanica</a>. That same day, armed Albanians gathered in the Serb-inhabited <i><a href="/wiki/Mahala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahala">mahala</a></i> (quarter) of Panađurište in Pristina and started <a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Serbs_in_Pristina_(January_26,_1878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Massacre of Serbs in Pristina (January 26, 1878)">a massacre of Serbs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under pressure from the British, Russia accepted the truce offered by the Ottoman Empire on 31 January 1878, but continued to move towards Constantinople. </p><p>The rebels had cleared the counties of Kumanovo and Palanka of Turks and Albanians, but following the peace treaty, <a href="/wiki/Beys" class="mw-redirect" title="Beys">beys</a>, hodjas, soldiers, and refugees started to return to their houses.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early February, groups of returned refugees gathered in the Kumanovo graveyard planning a massacre of the Serbs in the town,<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but at dusk the following day, some 200 Serb rebels arrived in the vineyards to prevent the massacre. Gunfire was exchanged, and two Ottoman <i>jandarma</i> (<a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie" title="Gendarmerie">gendarmerie</a>) were killed by the rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Milan_I_of_Serbia_c1870-80.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Milan_I_of_Serbia_c1870-80.png/120px-Milan_I_of_Serbia_c1870-80.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Milan_I_of_Serbia_c1870-80.png/180px-Milan_I_of_Serbia_c1870-80.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Milan_I_of_Serbia_c1870-80.png/240px-Milan_I_of_Serbia_c1870-80.png 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="698" /></a><figcaption>The rebels appealed to <a href="/wiki/Milan_I_of_Serbia" title="Milan I of Serbia">Prince Milan IV</a> (photograph taken 1870—80)</figcaption></figure> <p>Rebels and prominent members of forty Serb villages gathered at the Zabel monastery in <a href="/wiki/Nikuljane" title="Nikuljane">Nikuljane</a>, where they decided to petition <a href="/wiki/Milan_I_of_Serbia" title="Milan I of Serbia">Prince Milan IV of Serbia</a> for weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In exchange for his support, they pledged their devotion, loyalty, and future union with Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also appealed to the Serbian generals, asking them to secretly supply them with arms and ammunition.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-182-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, at the house of prota Dimitrije in Kumanovo, ten veterans swore on the Bible that they would not give up their fight, kissed each other, and wrote a request to Prince Milan that Kumanovo and its surroundings be unified Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The petition, sewn into the saddle of Tasa Kostić-Civković, was brought to Serbian outposts via the Monastery of St. <a href="/wiki/Prohor_of_P%C4%8Dinja" title="Prohor of Pčinja">Prohor Pčinjski</a>, a later rebel center.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time, two other rebel envoys arrived at the village of <a href="/wiki/Rataje,_Vranje" class="mw-redirect" title="Rataje, Vranje">Rataje</a> near Vranje and met with General <a href="/wiki/Jovan_Belimarkovi%C4%87" title="Jovan Belimarković">Jovan Belimarković</a>, whom they asked for weapons. The general promised them 2,000 guns, which were to be received at the Prohor Pčinjski Monastery.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon hearing that they would receive weapons, the rebels were approached by villagers from Palanka and Kratovo, all the way to Deve Bair, the site of the Russian demarcation line. These villages had not been overtaken by the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Exarchate" title="Bulgarian Exarchate">Bulgarian Exarchate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4,000 Serbs gathered on the icy fields of Palanka and Kumanovo.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bulgaria was alarmed by the Kumanovo rebels, and sent their agents to turn them over to the Exarchate.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Exarchist clergyman Mihajlo attempted to convince the rebels to turn themselves in to Bulgarian officials, but the outraged villagers attacked him upon hearing him. He was acquitted of capital charges, but still exiled, by the rebel court in Zabel. He died shortly after in Bulgaria from the beating.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conflict then intensified. Albanian troops were sent to St. Parascheva hill on the Četirce and Nikuljane height, but were defeated and returned.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Haramibaşı</i> Fehat (or Fetah) from Mutlovo, a girl named Halime, and a group of seven relatives, traveled to a house near <a href="/wiki/Kozjak_(Kumanovo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozjak (Kumanovo)">Kozjak</a> in an attempt to kill <a href="/wiki/Velika_Begovica" title="Velika Begovica">Velika Begovica</a>, a notable female rebel.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They did not find Begovica, but encountered Veljan Strnovski and Jaćim Čelopečki, whom they fought but failed to kill.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Haramibaşı</i> Fehat and approximately twenty others were then killed in forests near <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cetirce" title="Četirce">Četirce</a>, with Fehat being shot in the heart with two bullets.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After surviving his fight, Čelopečki tied the heads of fallen rebels to his donkey.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remaining Albanians carried Fehat's corpse into Mutlovo. Halime died, following a blown out knee.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this point, the Ottomans in Istanbul, in addition to the Bulgarians, began to fear the Kumanovo rebels. Messages were sent and amnesty was offered.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the two Ottoman delegates that were sent to Zabel had to inform the <a href="/wiki/Sublime_Porte" title="Sublime Porte">Porte</a> that the rebels rejected all offers and said that they would fight until unification with Serbia or death.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The desire for unification among southern Serbs began to intensify, prompting peasants from distant regions to join the rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebels again petitioned Prince Milan, and the Russian Emperor, for unification with Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Stefano" title="Treaty of San Stefano">Treaty of San Stefano</a> on 3 March 1878 and announced establishment of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Bulgaria">Greater Bulgaria</a>, more appeals were sent to Prince Milan for the unification of Macedonia with Serbia, against the threat of Bulgaria claiming Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-183_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-183-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 May, an assembly was gathered, in which the representatives of the <a href="/wiki/Nahiya_(Ottoman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahiya (Ottoman)">nahiya</a> of Skopje, Tetovo, Debar, Kičevo, Prilep, Kratovo, Kočani, Štip, Veles, and Kriva Reka, among others,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the rebel leaders, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kmet" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:kmet">kmets</a>, and clergy,<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> signed a petition addressed to Prince Milan, the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Berlin Congress</a>, and Russia, for the annexation of those territories to Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They asked Prince Milan "on their knees" to unite "our land and the Holy <a href="/wiki/Mother_Serbia" title="Mother Serbia">Mother Serbia</a>, and to not replace the hard and grim Turkish (Ottoman) enslavement with the worser and darker Bulgarian one".<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also wrote that the inhabitants of the nahiye were "pure Serbs", and that "our land, Old Serbia, is real and pure, which is evident from the only and pure Serb monuments, which there are plenty of in our lands", and enumerated several such churches and monasteries in those nahiye.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were 170 signatures with another 44 official Ottoman municipal seals.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin Congress">Berlin Congress</a>, which began on 13 June, approached, the Porte decided to destroy the uprising, which became an increasing risk to the Ottoman Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On orders from Istanbul, brigadier-general <a href="/wiki/Hafuz_Pasha" title="Hafuz Pasha">Hafuz Pasha</a> departed from Pristina, and led five Ottoman camps with new cannon guns against the rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had led a brigade that suppressed the <a href="/wiki/April_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="April Uprising">April Uprising</a> of 1876.<sup id="cite_ref-Kosev1976_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kosev1976-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 May, the rebels, aware of their powerlessness, awaited Hafuz Pasha on the outskirts of rebel territory on St. Parascheva hill.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cannon fire, as "deadly meteorites", broke up the rebel resistance.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebels once again defended themselves on the warm and bare Čelopek.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the clear sky, a white and dense cloud "covered their defeat".<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the twilight of <a href="/wiki/Firebombing" title="Firebombing">firebombing</a> and cannon fire, the peasants fled for their children and wives in the villages.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People recklessly went for the mountains for sheltering, while others, distraught, threw themselves down the steep river sides of the Pčinja, which was said to have become red of blood.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Young women and girls drowned.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ottoman retaliation was large,<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-182-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "unprecedented atrocities and evilness fell on the rebel land".<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Captured rebels were killed in cruel manners.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Women, girls, children, and young boys were raped.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Girls were taken to Ottoman camps where, naked, they served the soldiers wine and performed sexual acts.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The elderly were lashed until they collapsed.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Young peasants were tied by their feet and roasted over a fire, with flies swarming on their open wounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By sunrise around 900 houses<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the community were burning.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebels lost the last of their held territory upon their defeat by Hafuz Pasha on 20 May 1878.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three columns of chained, captured rebels, numbering 150 people, were led down the dusty Skopje road by Ottoman soldiers drunk on victory and the peasants' <a href="/wiki/Rakija" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakija">rakija</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They walked towards Pristina, but most of the rebels died on the way.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The soldiers pierced the remained captives' bodies with their bayonets, and left them to die on the road.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Surviving rebels hid in the <a href="/wiki/Kozjak_(Kumanovo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozjak (Kumanovo)">Kozjak</a> and Đerman.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several rebel leaders and their followers managed to escape into Serbia, where they settled in the depopulated counties of <a href="/wiki/Toplica_District" title="Toplica District">Toplica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vranje" title="Vranje">Vranje</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-182-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lived "hungry and humiliated... [while] help and awards were given to serve as pandurs" (policemen).<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Veljan and Jaćim left their houses, families, and friends, to live lonely, unknown, poor lives in Vranje.<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-18_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-18-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the uprising, the Ottoman government most notably prohibited the use of the appellation "Serbian". Also, Serbian nationalism in Macedonia was persecuted, while Bulgarian propaganda in the region became more common.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-183_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-183-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mass migrations from Macedonia into Serbia followed after reprisals, with their former villages being settled by Albanians (such as in Matejche, Otlja, Kosmatec, Murgash and others).<sup id="cite_ref-Božić2014_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Božić2014-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Principality_of_Serbia_in_1878_EN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Principality_of_Serbia_in_1878_EN.png/220px-Principality_of_Serbia_in_1878_EN.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Principality_of_Serbia_in_1878_EN.png/330px-Principality_of_Serbia_in_1878_EN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Principality_of_Serbia_in_1878_EN.png/440px-Principality_of_Serbia_in_1878_EN.png 2x" data-file-width="2298" data-file-height="2242" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Serbia" title="Principality of Serbia">Principality of Serbia</a> in 1878.</figcaption></figure> <p>After the uprising, Serbs in the Vranje region signed a <a href="/wiki/Memorandum" title="Memorandum">memorandum</a> on joining Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A notable local, Stamenko Stošić Torovela, took the memorandum to <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Pavlovich_Ignatyev" title="Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatyev">Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatyev</a>, a Russian official and main Bulgarian supporter.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ignatijev, rejecting it, threw the memorandum back in the face of Torovela,<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who managed to flee across the Bulgarian border from Bulgarian agents who sought to kill him.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-87-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 June 1878, an assembly was held at <a href="/wiki/Zelenikovo,_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Zelenikovo, Macedonia">Zelenikovo</a>, southeast from <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, where 5,000 villagers from the <a href="/wiki/Nahiye" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahiye">nahiye</a> of Veles, Skopje, and Tikveš, requested unification with Serbia from Prince Milan IV.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-87-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The request came with 800 municipality, church, and monastery seals, as well as 5,000 signatures, fingerprints, and crosses.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-87-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unfortunately, the carrier delivering the message was intercepted on 16 June on the Skopje-Kumanovo road,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by an Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie" title="Gendarmerie">gendarmerie</a> that had been tipped off by a Bulgarian teacher.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-87-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was a shootout, and when the carrier's bullets had run out, he ripped and swallowed some of the papers before being shot.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-87-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the petition was destroyed; however, 600 signatures were identified, and 200 of the identified signatories were immediately killed, while the rest were imprisoned and died in prison. 50 such prisoners later being released from Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Casemate" title="Casemate">casemates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZSI-87-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Petitions were later sent from all parts of Macedonia to the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Congress of Berlin</a> (13 June – 13 July 1878) stating that Macedonia should unite with Serbia and that it did not belong to any other country. The official statement reads:<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-183_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-183-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>As Serbs of true and pure stock, of the purest and most intrinsically Serbian country... We for the last time implore on our knees... That we may in some manner and by some means be freed from the slavery of five centuries, and united with our country, the Principality of Serbia, and that the tears of blood of the Serbian martyrs may be stanched so that they, too, may become useful members of the European community of nations and of the Christian world; we do not desire to exchange the harsh Turkish slavery for the vastly harsher and darker Bulgarian slavery, which will be worse and more intolerable than that of the Turks which we are at present enduring, and will compel us in the end either to slay all our own people, or to abandon our country, to abandon our holy places, and graves, and all that we hold dear...</i> <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>After the war, the Serbian military government sent armament and aid to rebels in Kosovo and Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christian rebel bands were formed all over the region.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of those bands, privately organized and aided by the government, were established in Serbia and crossed into Ottoman territory.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the beginning of 1880, some 65 rebel leaders (<i>glavari</i>), from almost all provinces in southern <a href="/wiki/Old_Serbia" title="Old Serbia">Old Serbia</a> and Macedonia, sent an appeal to <a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Milojevi%C4%87_(lawyer)" title="Miloš Milojević (lawyer)">M. S. Milojević</a>, the former commander of volunteers in the <a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Ottoman_Wars_(1876%E2%80%931878)" title="Serbian–Ottoman Wars (1876–1878)">Serbian–Ottoman Wars of 1876–1878</a>, asking him to, with requesting from the Serbian government, prepare 1,000 rifles and ammunition for them, that Milojević be commander of the rebels and that they be allowed to cross the border and start the rebellion.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leaders were among the most influential in the districts of <a href="/wiki/Kumanovo" title="Kumanovo">Kumanovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kriva_Palanka" title="Kriva Palanka">Kriva Palanka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Dani" title="Kočani">Kočani</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tip" title="Štip">Štip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veles_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Veles (city)">Veles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prilep" title="Prilep">Prilep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bitola" title="Bitola">Bitola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ki%C4%8Devo" title="Kičevo">Kičevo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918182–183_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918182–183-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The appeal was signed by <a href="/wiki/Spiro_Crne" title="Spiro Crne">Spiro Crne</a>, Mihajlo Čakre, Dime Ristić-Šiće, Mladen Stojanović "<a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cakr-pa%C5%A1a" title="Čakr-paša">Čakr-paša</a>", Čerkez Ilija, <a href="/wiki/Dav%C4%8De_Trajkovi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Davče Trajković">Davče Trajković</a>, and 59 other rebels and former volunteers in the Serbian army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reply from the Serbian government is unknown; it is possible that it did not reply.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From these intentions, only in the Poreče region, an ethnically uniform compact province, a larger result was achieved.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Poreče, whole villages turned on the Ottomans.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289–10_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289–10-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Viewed of as a continuation of the Kumanovo Uprising,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrbić199632_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETrbić199632-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Brsjak_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Brsjak Revolt">Brsjak Revolt</a> began on 14 October 1880,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević192810_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević192810-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and broke out in the nahiya of Kičevo, Poreče, Bitola and Prilep.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918183_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918183-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The movement was active for little more than a year,<sup id="cite_ref-HV-10-J-237_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HV-10-J-237-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> finally being suppressed by the Ottoman <i>jandarma</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Gendarmerie" title="Ottoman Gendarmerie">gendarmerie</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević192810_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević192810-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The uprising is commemorated in epic poetry from Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-182-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annotations">Annotations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Annotations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style=""><ol class="references" style="list-style-type:upper-alpha;"> <li id="cnote_a"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#ref_a_1">^</a></b></span> <div style="display:inline;" class="reference-text"><b>Name:</b> The uprising is simply known as the <i>Kumanovo Uprising</i> (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: <span lang="sr">Kumanovski ustanak/Кумановски устанак</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Trbic-32_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trbic-32-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>: <span lang="mk">Kumanovsko vostanie/Кумановско востание</span>). It is also known as the <b>Uprising</b>- or <b>Insurrection of Serbs in the Kumanovo and Palanka Districts</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgevitch-182-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></li> <li id="cnote_b"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#ref_b_1">^</a></b></span> <div style="display:inline;" class="reference-text"> <dl><dt>Commanders and leaders</dt></dl> <ul><li>Dimitrije Pop Paunović (<i>Dimko Nagorički</i>), Orthodox priest from <a href="/wiki/Staro_Nagori%C4%8Dane" title="Staro Nagoričane">Staro Nagoričane</a>, founder<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Veljan Cvetković (<i>Veljan Strnovski</i>, <i>Čiča Veljan</i>), from <a href="/wiki/Strnovac" title="Strnovac">Strnovac</a>, founder and rebel leader<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jaćim (<i>Čelopečki</i>), from <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Celopek,_Staro_Nagori%C4%8Dane" title="Čelopek, Staro Nagoričane">Čelopek</a>, rebel leader<sup id="cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A contemporary poem enumerates the following leaders: Dimko Nagorički, Veljan Strnovski, Jaćim Čelopečki, Dimiško, Peša Jovanovski, <a href="/wiki/Mladen_%C4%8Cakr-pa%C5%A1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Mladen Čakr-paša">Mladen Čakr-paša</a>, Nikola Algunjski, Vukadin Miljkinski, priest Spasa Peljinski, Đorđe Vragoturski, Krsto Dragomanski, Apostol Žegnjanski, Stoša from Stepance, Mladenko Begovski, Spaso from Ramno, Đele Arbanaški, Leksa Dlibočički.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other people</dt></dl> <ul><li>Stojan Vezenković, Serbian agent, planner<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denko_Krsti%C4%87" title="Denko Krstić">Denko Krstić</a>, merchant<sup id="cite_ref-BV-1904-348_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BV-1904-348-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Iorga, Nicolae", TA, XX, 177, Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Iorga, Nicolae", TA, XX, 178, Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-8-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-8_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacKenzie1967-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MacKenzie1967_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDavid_MacKenzie1967" class="citation book cs1">David MacKenzie (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7bQMAAAAIAAJ"><i>The Serbs and Russian Pan-Slavism, 1875-1878</i></a>. Cornell University Press. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-0283-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-0283-8"><bdi>978-0-8014-0283-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Serbs+and+Russian+Pan-Slavism%2C+1875-1878&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-0283-8&rft.au=David+MacKenzie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7bQMAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cirkovic2008-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cirkovic2008_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cirkovic2008_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSima_M._Cirkovic2008" class="citation book cs1">Sima M. Cirkovic (15 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2Wc-DWRzoeIC&pg=PA224"><i>The Serbs</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 224–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-4291-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-4291-5"><bdi>978-1-4051-4291-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Serbs&rft.pages=224-&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2008-04-15&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-4291-5&rft.au=Sima+M.+Cirkovic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Wc-DWRzoeIC%26pg%3DPA224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiocese_of_Vranje2013" class="citation web cs1">Diocese of Vranje (4 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906132120/http://www.spc.rs/eng/celebration_liberation_day_city_vranje">"Celebration of Liberation Day of the city of Vranje"</a>. <i>Serbian Orthodox Church</i>. The Information Service of the Serbian Orthodox Church. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spc.rs/eng/celebration_liberation_day_city_vranje">the original</a> on 6 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Serbian+Orthodox+Church&rft.atitle=Celebration+of+Liberation+Day+of+the+city+of+Vranje&rft.date=2013-02-04&rft.au=Diocese+of+Vranje&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spc.rs%2Feng%2Fcelebration_liberation_day_city_vranje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937236_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJovanović1937">Jovanović 1937</a>, p. 236.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Georgevitch-181-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-181_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeorgevitch1918">Georgevitch 1918</a>, pp. 181–182</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-armije1968-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-armije1968_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVojni_muzej_Jugoslovenske_narodne_armije1968" class="citation book cs1">Vojni muzej Jugoslovenske narodne armije (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2m8MAQAAMAAJ"><i>Fourteen Centuries of Struggle for Freedom</i></a>. Belgrade: Military Museum. p. xliv.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fourteen+Centuries+of+Struggle+for+Freedom&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pages=xliv&rft.pub=Military+Museum&rft.date=1968&rft.au=Vojni+muzej+Jugoslovenske+narodne+armije&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2m8MAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-11-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-11_10-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IZSI-86-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-86_11-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFInstitut_za_savremenu_istoriju2007">Institut za savremenu istoriju 2007</a>, p. 86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-12-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-12_12-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BV-1904-348-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BV-1904-348_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BV-1904-348_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-fRAAQAAIAAJ"><i>Bosanska vila</i></a>. Vol. 19–20. 1904. p. 348.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bosanska+vila&rft.pages=348&rft.date=1904&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-fRAAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, pp. 13–14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-14-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-14_15-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Georgevitch-182-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-182_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeorgevitch1918">Georgevitch 1918</a>, p. 182</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-15-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-15_17-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-16-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-16_18-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Georgevitch-183-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-183_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-183_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgevitch-183_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeorgevitch1918">Georgevitch 1918</a>, p. 183</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJovanović1937237_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJovanović1937">Jovanović 1937</a>, p. 237.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kosev1976-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kosev1976_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonstantin_Dimitrov_Kosev1976" class="citation book cs1">Konstantin Dimitrov Kosev (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=894bAAAAMAAJ"><i>The April 1876 Uprising</i></a>. Sofia Press. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+April+1876+Uprising&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Sofia+Press&rft.date=1976&rft.au=Konstantin+Dimitrov+Kosev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D894bAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-17-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-17_22-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krakov-18-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Krakov-18_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrakov1990">Krakov 1990</a>, p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Božić2014-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Božić2014_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSofija_Božić2014" class="citation book cs1">Sofija Božić (1 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IhwkBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA350"><i>Istorija i geografija: susreti i prožimanja: History and geography: meetings and permeations</i></a>. Институт за новију историју Србије,Географски институт "Јован Цвијић" САНУ, Институт за славистку Ран. pp. 350–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-7005-125-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-7005-125-6"><bdi>978-86-7005-125-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Istorija+i+geografija%3A+susreti+i+pro%C5%BEimanja%3A+History+and+geography%3A+meetings+and+permeations&rft.pages=350-&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83+%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%2C%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%22%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A6%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B8%D1%9B%22+%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%A3%2C+%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83+%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.isbn=978-86-7005-125-6&rft.au=Sofija+Bo%C5%BEi%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIhwkBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IZSI-87-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZSI-87_25-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFInstitut_za_savremenu_istoriju2007">Institut za savremenu istoriju 2007</a>, p. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g8A_AQAAMAAJ"><i>Босанска вила: лист за забаву, поуку и књижевност</i></a>. Никола Т. Кашиковић. 1905. <q>... но долазимо те као Срби молити и преклињати, да прицима Тако су Турци, на бугарску доставу, 16. јуна 1878. ухватили на путу Скопље-Куманово Ристу Цветковића-Божинче, из Врања, ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%3A+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%2C+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83+%D0%B8+%D0%BA%D1%9A%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&rft.pub=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%A2.+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9B&rft.date=1905&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg8A_AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeorgevitch1918">Georgevitch 1918</a>, p. 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19288_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1928">Hadži-Vasiljević 1928</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1928">Hadži-Vasiljević 1928</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918182–183-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918182–183_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeorgevitch1918">Georgevitch 1918</a>, pp. 182–183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289–10-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević19289–10_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1928">Hadži-Vasiljević 1928</a>, pp. 9–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETrbić199632-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrbić199632_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTrbić1996">Trbić 1996</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević192810-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević192810_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHadži-Vasiljević192810_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1928">Hadži-Vasiljević 1928</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918183-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeorgevitch1918183_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeorgevitch1918">Georgevitch 1918</a>, p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HV-10-J-237-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HV-10-J-237_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1928">Hadži-Vasiljević 1928</a>, p. 10, <a href="#CITEREFJovanović1937">Jovanović 1937</a>, p. 237</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trbic-32-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Trbic-32_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTrbić1996">Trbić 1996</a>, p. 32 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>иако је за то било могућности, јер и Кумановски устанак, после 1878. год., и његов наставак Брсјачки устанак 1881. и 1882. год., били су под утицајем Србије и није било тешко нрогласити ове нове "културтрегере" за народне ...</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFInstitut_za_savremenu_istoriju2007">Institut za savremenu istoriju 2007</a>, p. 97</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JFgaAQAAIAAJ"><i>Brastvo</i></a>. Vol. 11. Društvo sv. Save.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brastvo&rft.pub=Dru%C5%A1tvo+sv.+Save&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJFgaAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fbcdn-sphotos-b-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-xfa1/v/t1.0-9/295311_459212277504932_1149328281_n.jpg?oh=babcc652abc83cba7f94f3b1435c48f5&oe=55018635&__gda__=1430539196_55a99e19ca69342d6e728ea4890ca23a">"Scanned page"</a> (in Serbian). p. 203.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scanned+page&rft.pages=203&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-b-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xfa1%2Fv%2Ft1.0-9%2F295311_459212277504932_1149328281_n.jpg%3Foh%3Dbabcc652abc83cba7f94f3b1435c48f5%26oe%3D55018635%26__gda__%3D1430539196_55a99e19ca69342d6e728ea4890ca23a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMilić1980">Milić 1980</a>, p. 159 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Y кумановски, кривопаланачки и у скопски Kpaj били су илегалио послати повереници, као што je напр. био cnyMaj са CiojaiioM Везенковипем,* kojh су радили на припреман>у македонског народа да спреман дочека почетак ...</p></blockquote></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumanovo_uprising&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorgevitch1918" class="citation book cs1">Georgevitch, T. R. (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oWP-MqFNuVIC"><i>Macedonia</i></a>. Forgotten Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4400-6519-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4400-6519-4"><bdi>978-1-4400-6519-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Macedonia&rft.pub=Forgotten+Books&rft.date=1918&rft.isbn=978-1-4400-6519-4&rft.aulast=Georgevitch&rft.aufirst=T.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoWP-MqFNuVIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1906" class="citation book cs1">Hadži-Vasiljević, Jovan (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zMptmwEACAAJ"><i>Устанак Срба у Кумановској и Паланачкој кази у 1878. години</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA+%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0+%D1%83+%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%98+%D0%B8+%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%98+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8+%D1%83+1878.+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Had%C5%BEi-Vasiljevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Jovan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzMptmwEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1909" class="citation book cs1">Hadži-Vasiljević, Jovan (1909). <i>Kumanovo</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kumanovo&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Had%C5%BEi-Vasiljevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Jovan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInstitut_za_savremenu_istoriju2007" class="citation book cs1">Institut za savremenu istoriju (2007). <i>Gerila na Balkanu</i>. Tokyo: Institute for Disarmament and Peace Studies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gerila+na+Balkanu&rft.place=Tokyo&rft.pub=Institute+for+Disarmament+and+Peace+Studies&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Institut+za+savremenu+istoriju&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJovanović1937" class="citation book cs1">Jovanović, Aleksa (1937). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BC36SAAACAAJ"><i>Spomenica dvadesetogodišnjice oslobodjenja Južne Srbije, 1912-1937</i></a>. Južna Srbija.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spomenica+dvadesetogodi%C5%A1njice+oslobodjenja+Ju%C5%BEne+Srbije%2C+1912-1937&rft.pub=Ju%C5%BEna+Srbija&rft.date=1937&rft.aulast=Jovanovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Aleksa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBC36SAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrakov1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Krakov" title="Stanislav Krakov">Krakov, Stanislav</a> (1990) [1930]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bm8MAAAAIAAJ"><i>Plamen četništva</i></a>. Belgrade: Hipnos.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plamen+%C4%8Detni%C5%A1tva&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pub=Hipnos&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Krakov&rft.aufirst=Stanislav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBm8MAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatica_srpska1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Matica_srpska" title="Matica srpska">Matica srpska</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eTeGAAAAIAAJ"><i>Zbornik Matice srpske za istoriju 45–48</i></a>. Novi Sad: Matica srpska.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zbornik+Matice+srpske+za+istoriju+45%E2%80%9348&rft.place=Novi+Sad&rft.pub=Matica+srpska&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Matica+srpska&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeTeGAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilić1980" class="citation book cs1">Milić, Danica (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TZRIAQAAIAAJ"><i>Srbija u završnoj fazi Velike istočne krize 1877-1878</i></a>. Prosveta. p. 159.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Srbija+u+zavr%C5%A1noj+fazi+Velike+isto%C4%8Dne+krize+1877-1878&rft.pages=159&rft.pub=Prosveta&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Mili%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Danica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTZRIAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopović1900" class="citation book cs1">Popović, Zarija R. (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d3U-AQAAMAAJ"><i>Pred Kosovom: beleške iz doba 1874-1878 godine</i></a>. Drž. štamp. Kralj. Srbije.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pred+Kosovom%3A+bele%C5%A1ke+iz+doba+1874-1878+godine&rft.pub=Dr%C5%BE.+%C5%A1tamp.+Kralj.+Srbije&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Popovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Zarija+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd3U-AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrbić1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vasilije_Trbi%C4%87" title="Vasilije Trbić">Trbić, Vasilije</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6wkWAQAAMAAJ"><i>Memoari: 1898–1912</i></a>. Kultura.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memoari%3A+1898%E2%80%931912&rft.pub=Kultura&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Trbi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Vasilije&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6wkWAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVojvodić1978" class="citation book cs1">Vojvodić, Mihajlo (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QQccAAAAMAAJ"><i>Србија 1878: документи</i></a>. Српска књижевна задруга.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+1878%3A+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.pub=%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BA%D1%9A%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Vojvodi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Mihajlo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQQccAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHadži-Vasiljević1928" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hadži-Vasiljević, Jovan (1928). <i>Četnička akcija u Staroj Srbiji i Maćedoniji</i> (in Serbian). Belgrade: Sv. Sava.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C4%8Cetni%C4%8Dka+akcija+u+Staroj+Srbiji+i+Ma%C4%87edoniji&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pub=Sv.+Sava&rft.date=1928&rft.aulast=Had%C5%BEi-Vasiljevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Jovan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKumanovo+uprising" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/34px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1595" data-file-height="1906" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_rebellions_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="List of rebellions in the Ottoman Empire">Rebellions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rise_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Rise of the Ottoman Empire">Rise <span style="font-size:85%;">(1299–1453)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Bedreddin_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh Bedreddin rebellion">Sheikh Bedreddin rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1416–20)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Konstantin_and_Fruzhin" title="Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin">Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1404–18)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg%27s_rebellion" title="Skanderbeg's rebellion">Skanderbeg's rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1443–68)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C3%A7uktepe_rebellion" title="Buçuktepe rebellion">Buçuktepe rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1446)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Classical_Age_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire">Classical Age <span style="font-size:85%;">(1453–1550)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eahkulu_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Şahkulu Rebellion">Şahkulu Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1511)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Ali_Halife_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur Ali Halife rebellion">Nur Ali Halife rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1512)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasir_al-Din_rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasir al-Din rebellion (page does not exist)">Nasir al-Din rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1518)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celali_rebellions" title="Celali rebellions">Celali rebellions</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1519)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1585_Ottoman_expedition_against_the_Druze" title="1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze">Expeditions against the Druze</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1523–1524)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Z%C3%BCnnun_Rebellion" title="Baba Zünnun Rebellion">Baba Zünnun Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1526)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalender_%C3%87elebi_rebellion" title="Kalender Çelebi rebellion">Kalender Çelebi rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1527)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transformation_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Transformation of the Ottoman Empire">Transformation <span style="font-size:85%;">(1550–1700)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariovo_and_Prilep_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariovo and Prilep Rebellion">Mariovo and Prilep Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1564–65)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1585_Ottoman_expedition_against_the_Druze" title="1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze">Expedition against the Druze</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1565)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Ottoman_revolts_of_1565%E2%80%931572" title="Anti-Ottoman revolts of 1565–1572">Revolts of 1565–1572</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1585_Ottoman_expedition_against_the_Druze" title="1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze">Expeditions against the Druze</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1574–1576)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bua_(tribe)" title="Bua (tribe)">Theodoros Boua Grivas revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1585)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1585_Ottoman_expedition_against_the_Druze" title="1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze">Expedition against the Druze</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1585)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cairo_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cairo Rebellion (page does not exist)">Cairo Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1586)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beylerbeyi_Event" class="mw-redirect" title="Beylerbeyi Event">Beylerbeyi Event</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1589)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celali_rebellions" title="Celali rebellions">Celali rebellions</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1590–1610)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Banat" title="Uprising in Banat">Uprising in Banat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1594)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himara_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Himara Revolt">Himara Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1596)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_uprising_of_1596%E2%80%931597" title="Serb uprising of 1596–1597">Serb Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1596–97)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Tarnovo_Uprising" title="First Tarnovo Uprising">First Tarnovo Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1598)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thessaly_Rebellion_(1600)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessaly Rebellion (1600)">Thessaly Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1600)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mamluk_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mamluk Rebellion (page does not exist)">Mamluk Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1609)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_revolt_of_1611" title="Epirus revolt of 1611">Epirus revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1611)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anjar" title="Battle of Anjar">Druze rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1623)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaza_rebellion" title="Abaza rebellion">Abaza rebellions</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1624, 1627)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druze_power_struggle_(1658%E2%80%931667)" title="Druze power struggle (1658–1667)">Druze rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1642)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmeydan%C4%B1_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmeydanı Incident">Atmeydanı Incident</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1648)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87%C4%B1nar_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Çınar Incident">Çınar Incident</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1656)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaza_Hasan_Pasha#Second_revolt" title="Abaza Hasan Pasha">Abaza Hasan Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1658–1659)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druze_power_struggle_(1658%E2%80%931667)" title="Druze power struggle (1658–1667)">Druze power struggle</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1658–1667)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Tarnovo_Uprising" title="Second Tarnovo Uprising">Second Tarnovo Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1686)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiprovtsi_uprising" title="Chiprovtsi uprising">Chiprovtsi uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1688)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karposh%27s_rebellion" title="Karposh's rebellion">Karposh's rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1689)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Old_Regime" title="Ottoman Old Regime">Old Regime <span style="font-size:85%;">(1700–1789)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edirne_event" class="mw-redirect" title="Edirne event">Edirne event</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1703)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zisis_Karademos" title="Zisis Karademos">Naousa uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1705)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Insurrection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Great Insurrection (page does not exist)">The Great Insurrection</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1707–11)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1711_Karamanli_coup" title="1711 Karamanli coup">Karamanli revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1711)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Vu%C4%8Ditrn" title="Uprising in Vučitrn">Uprising in Vučitrn</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1717)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrona_Halil_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrona Halil Rebellion">Patrona Halil Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1730)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Uprising_of_1737%E2%80%9339" class="mw-redirect" title="Serb Uprising of 1737–39">Serb Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1737–39)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlov_revolt" title="Orlov revolt">Orlov Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1770)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Da%27s_frontier_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Koča's frontier rebellion">Koča's frontier rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1788)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripolitanian_civil_war" title="Tripolitanian civil war">Tripolitanian civil war</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1793–1795)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Decline_and_modernization_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire">Decline <span style="font-size:85%;">(1789–1908)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dahije" title="Dahije">Dahije</a> in Belgrade <span style="font-size:85%;">(1801–04)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising" title="First Serbian Uprising">First Serbian Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1804–13)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabak%C3%A7%C4%B1_Mustafa_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabakçı Mustafa rebellion">Kabakçı Mustafa rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1807)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan%C4%8Di%C4%87%27s_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Jančić's Rebellion">Jančić's Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1809)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEi-Prodan%27s_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadži-Prodan's Rebellion">Hadži-Prodan's Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1814)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Serbian_Uprising" title="Second Serbian Uprising">Second Serbian Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1815-17)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallachian_uprising_of_1821" title="Wallachian uprising of 1821">Wallachian Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1821)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Rebellion_(1821)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niš Rebellion (1821)">Niš Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1821)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1821–29)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/At%C3%A7al%C4%B1_Kel_Mehmet_revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Atçalı Kel Mehmet revolt">Atçalı Kel Mehmet revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1830)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_uprising_(1831%E2%80%9332)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian uprising (1831–32)">Bosnian uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1831–33)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilmez_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilmez Rebellion (page does not exist)">Bilmez Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1832–33)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laz_rebellion_(1832%E2%80%931834)" title="Laz rebellion (1832–1834)">Laz rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1832–34)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shkod%C3%ABr_Rebellion_(1833)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shkodër Rebellion (1833) (page does not exist)">Shkodër Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1833)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest_Jovica%27s_Rebellion" title="Priest Jovica's Rebellion">Priest Jovica's Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1834)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Second_Ma%C5%A1i%C4%87i_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Second Mašići Rebellion (page does not exist)">Second Mašići Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1834)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Peasant_Revolt_(1834%E2%80%9335)" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834–35)">Syrian Peasant Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1834-35)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1835%E2%80%931858_revolt_in_Ottoman_Tripolitania" title="1835–1858 revolt in Ottoman Tripolitania">Tripolitanian revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1835–1858)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posavina_Rebellion_(1836)" class="mw-redirect" title="Posavina Rebellion (1836)">Posavina Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1836)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livno_Rebellion_(1836)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livno Rebellion (1836) (page does not exist)">Livno Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1836)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirot_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirot Rebellion">Pirot Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1836)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkovitsa_Rebellion_(1836)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkovitsa Rebellion (1836)">Berkovitsa Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1836)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belogradchik_Rebellion_(1836)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belogradchik Rebellion (1836)">Belogradchik Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1836)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlora_Rebellion_(1836)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vlora Rebellion (1836) (page does not exist)">Vlora Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1836)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1838_Druze_revolt" title="1838 Druze revolt">Druze revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1838)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diber_Rebellion_(1838%E2%80%9339)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diber Rebellion (1838–39) (page does not exist)">Diber Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1838–39)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Revolt_(1841)" title="Cretan Revolt (1841)">Cretan Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1841)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Rebellion_(1841)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niš Rebellion (1841)">Niš Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1841)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Dervish_Cara" title="Uprising of Dervish Cara">Uprising of Dervish Cara</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1843–44)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1845" title="Albanian revolt of 1845">Albanian Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1845)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1847" title="Albanian revolt of 1847">Albanian Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1847)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_Uprising_(1852%E2%80%9362)" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62)">Herzegovina Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1852–62)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Revolt_of_1854" title="Epirus Revolt of 1854">Epirus Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1854)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1854_Macedonian_rebellion" title="1854 Macedonian rebellion">Greek Macedonian rebellion of 1854</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1854)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecija%27s_First_Revolt" title="Pecija's First Revolt">Doljani Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1858)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_civil_conflict_in_Mount_Lebanon_and_Damascus" title="1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus">Mount Lebanon civil conflict</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1860)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_revolt_(1866%E2%80%931869)" title="Cretan revolt (1866–1869)">Cretan Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1866–69)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Macedonian_rebellion" title="1867 Macedonian rebellion">Greek Macedonian rebellion of 1867</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1866–67)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_Uprising_(1875%E2%80%9377)" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77)">Herzegovina Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1875–77)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="April Uprising">Bulgarian April uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1876)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razlovtsi_insurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="Razlovtsi insurrection">Razlovtsi insurrection</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1876)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumanovo_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumanovo Uprising">Kumanovo Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1878)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878_Macedonian_rebellion" title="1878 Macedonian rebellion">1878 Macedonian rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1878)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_revolt_(1878)" title="Cretan revolt (1878)">Cretan Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1878)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kresna%E2%80%93Razlog_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Kresna–Razlog Uprising">Kresna–Razlog Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1878–79)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Revolt_of_1878" title="Epirus Revolt of 1878">Epirus Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1878)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mouzaki" title="Battle of Mouzaki">Thessaly Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1878)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ulcinj_(1880)" title="Battle of Ulcinj (1880)">Ulcinj rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1878)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brsjak_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Brsjak Revolt">Brsjak Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1880–81)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cretan_Revolt_(1896%E2%80%931897)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cretan Revolt (1896–1897) (page does not exist)">Cretan Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1896–97)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896%E2%80%931897_Macedonian_rebellion" title="1896–1897 Macedonian rebellion">1896–1897 Macedonian rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1896–97)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Revolt_(1897%E2%80%931898)" title="Cretan Revolt (1897–1898)">Cretan Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1897–98)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilinden%E2%80%93Preobrazhenie_Uprising" title="Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising">Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1903)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoubak_revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoubak revolt">Shoubak revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1905)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theriso_revolt" title="Theriso revolt">Theriso revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1905)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Mesopotamia_uprising" title="1906 Mesopotamia uprising">Mesopotamia uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1906)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitlis_uprising_(1907)" title="Bitlis uprising (1907)">Bitlis uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1907)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire">Dissolution <span style="font-size:85%;">(1908–1922)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Young_Turk_Revolution" title="Young Turk Revolution">Young Turk Revolution</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1908)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamawand_rebellion" title="Hamawand rebellion">Hamawand rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1908–10)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Bejat_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Bejat Revolution (page does not exist)">Al-Bejat Revolution</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1909)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31_March_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="31 March Incident">31 March Incident</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1909)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauran_Druze_Rebellion" title="Hauran Druze Rebellion">Hauran Druze Rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1909)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaraniq_rebellion_(1909%E2%80%931910)" title="Zaraniq rebellion (1909–1910)">Zaraniq rebellion (1909–1910)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1910)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karak_revolt" title="Karak revolt">Karak revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1910)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1910" title="Albanian revolt of 1910">Albanian revolt of 1910</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1910)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malissori_uprising" title="Malissori uprising">Malissori uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1911)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1912" title="Albanian revolt of 1912">Albanian revolt of 1912</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1912)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Ottoman_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1912 Ottoman coup d'état">Savior Officers</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1912)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Ottoman_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1913 Ottoman coup d'état">Raid on the Sublime Porte</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1913)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Euphrates_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="1913 Euphrates rebellion">Euphrates rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1913)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitlis_uprising_(1914)" title="Bitlis uprising (1914)">Bitlis uprising</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1914)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_rebellions_during_World_War_I" title="Kurdish rebellions during World War I">Kurdish rebellions during World War I</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1914–18)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_uprising_in_Karbala" title="1915 uprising in Karbala">Uprising in Karbala</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1915)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Revolt" title="Arab Revolt">Arab Revolt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1916–18)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_uprising_in_Hilla" title="1916 uprising in Hilla">Uprising in Hilla</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1916)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C3%A7giri_rebellion" title="Koçgiri rebellion">Koçgiri rebellion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1921)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Serb_rebellions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Serb_rebellions" title="Template:Serb rebellions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Serb_rebellions" title="Template talk:Serb rebellions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Serb_rebellions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Serb rebellions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Serb_rebellions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Serb rebellions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ottoman territories<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/History_of_Ottoman_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ottoman Serbia">Serbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Vardar_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Vardar Macedonia">Macedonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Montenegro">Montenegro</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>during <a href="/wiki/Long_Turkish_War" title="Long Turkish War">Long Turkish War</a> (1593–1606) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Banat" title="Uprising in Banat">Banat Uprising</a> (1594)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uprising_in_Pe%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uprising in Peć (page does not exist)">Peć Uprising</a> (1594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_uprising_of_1596%E2%80%931597" title="Serb uprising of 1596–1597">Serb uprising</a> (1596—1597)</li></ul></li> <li>1603</li> <li>1604</li> <li>1609</li> <li>1611</li> <li>1613</li> <li>Brda 1633–39</li> <li>during <a href="/wiki/Cretan_War_(1645%E2%80%931669)" title="Cretan War (1645–1669)">Cretan War (1645–1669)</a> <ul><li>Brda 1658–</li></ul></li> <li>during <a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a> (1683–99) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arsenije_III_%C4%8Carnojevi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Arsenije III Čarnojević">Arsenije III Čarnojević</a>'s Revolts</li> <li>1694</li></ul></li> <li>Kuči Revolt</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montenegrin_Uprising_(1709%E2%80%9310)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montenegrin Uprising (1709–10) (page does not exist)">Montenegrin Uprising (1709–10)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Vu%C4%8Ditrn" title="Uprising in Vučitrn">Uprising in Vučitrn</a> (1717)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Uprising_of_1737%E2%80%9339" class="mw-redirect" title="Serb Uprising of 1737–39">Serb Uprising of 1737–39</a></li> <li>1768–74</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Da%27s_frontier_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Koča's frontier rebellion">Koča's Revolt</a> (1788)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising" title="First Serbian Uprising">First Serbian Uprising</a> (1804–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan%C4%8Di%C4%87%27s_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Jančić's Rebellion">Jančić's Rebellion</a> (1809)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlasotince_Uprising_(1809)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vlasotince Uprising (1809) (page does not exist)">Vlasotince Uprising (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEi-Prodan%27s_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadži-Prodan's Rebellion">Hadži-Prodan's Rebellion</a> (1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Serbian_Uprising" title="Second Serbian Uprising">Second Serbian Uprising</a> (1815-17)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belgrade_Revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belgrade Revolt (page does not exist)">Belgrade Revolt</a> (1817)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demir-Mi%C4%87i%C4%87_Revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demir-Mićić Revolt (page does not exist)">Demir-Mićić Revolt</a> (1819)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlasotince_Uprising_(1821)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vlasotince Uprising (1821) (page does not exist)">Vlasotince Uprising (1821)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Rebellion_(1821)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niš Rebellion (1821)">Niš Rebellion (1821)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest_Jovica%27s_Rebellion" title="Priest Jovica's Rebellion">Priest Jovica's Rebellion</a> (1834)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Second_Ma%C5%A1i%C4%87i_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Second Mašići Rebellion (page does not exist)">Second Mašići Rebellion</a> (1834)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ni%C5%A1_rebellion_(1835)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niš rebellion (1835) (page does not exist)">Niš rebellion (1835)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirot_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirot Rebellion">Pirot Rebellion</a> (1836)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Rebellion_(1841)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niš Rebellion (1841)">Niš Rebellion (1841)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leskovac%E2%80%93Vranje_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leskovac–Vranje Rebellion (page does not exist)">Leskovac–Vranje Rebellion</a> (1842)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvornik%E2%80%93Bijeljina_Plot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zvornik–Bijeljina Plot (page does not exist)">Zvornik–Bijeljina Plot</a> (1847–48)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bjelopavli%C4%87i%E2%80%93Piperi_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bjelopavlići–Piperi Rebellion (page does not exist)">Bjelopavlići–Piperi Rebellion</a> (1854)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drobnjaci_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drobnjaci Rebellion (page does not exist)">Drobnjaci Rebellion</a> (1855)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ku%C4%8Di_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuči Rebellion (page does not exist)">Kuči Rebellion</a> (1856)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecija%27s_First_Revolt" title="Pecija's First Revolt">Pecija's First Revolt</a> (1858)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prota%27s_Revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prota's Revolt (page does not exist)">Prota's Revolt</a> (1858)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlasotince_Uprising_(1860)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vlasotince Uprising (1860) (page does not exist)">Vlasotince Uprising (1860)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_Uprising_(1852%E2%80%9362)" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62)">Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trebava_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trebava Rebellion (page does not exist)">Trebava Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_Uprising_(1875%E2%80%9378)" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzegovina Uprising (1875–78)">Herzegovina Uprising (1875–78)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Javor_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Javor Rebellion (page does not exist)">Javor Rebellion</a> (1876)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Topola_Rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Topola Rebellion (page does not exist)">Topola Rebellion</a> (1877)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uprising_in_Vlasotince_and_Leskovac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uprising in Vlasotince and Leskovac (page does not exist)">Uprising in Vlasotince and Leskovac</a> (1877)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raoni%C4%8D_Revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raonič Revolt (page does not exist)">Raonič Revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumanovo_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumanovo Uprising">Kumanovo Uprising</a> (1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brsjak_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Brsjak Revolt">Brsjak Revolt</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Chetnik_Organization" title="Serbian Chetnik Organization">Action in Macedonia</a> (1903–08)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Habsburg territories<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,<br /> Croatia)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1623</li> <li>1631</li> <li>1632</li> <li>1658</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Osmokruhovi%C4%87" title="Stefan Osmokruhović">Stefan Osmokruhović</a>'s Revolt (1665–66)</li> <li>1672</li> <li>1693–97</li> <li>1700</li> <li>1706</li> <li>1714</li> <li>1718</li> <li>1719</li> <li>1723</li> <li>1727</li> <li>1728</li> <li>1730</li> <li>1735 <ul><li>Posavska Krajina Rebellion</li> <li>Podunavska Krajina Rebellion</li> <li>Pomorišje Uprising</li></ul></li> <li>1736</li> <li>1739</li> <li>1743</li> <li>1748</li> <li>1751–58</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Ljubojevi%C4%87" title="Petar Ljubojević">Petar Ljubojević</a>'s Revolt (1754–55)</li> <li>1777</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tican%27s_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Tican's Rebellion">Tican's Rebellion</a> (1807)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1%C4%8Dica_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Kruščica Rebellion">Kruščica Rebellion</a> (1808)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Uprising_of_1848%E2%80%9349" class="mw-redirect" title="Serb Uprising of 1848–49">Serb Uprising</a> (1848–49)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krivo%C5%A1ije_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Krivošije Uprising">Krivošije Uprising</a> (1869)</li> <li>1870</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herzegovina_Uprising_(1881%E2%80%9382)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herzegovina Uprising (1881–82) (page does not exist)">Herzegovina Uprising (1881–82)</a></li> <li>1883</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Venetian Dalmatia<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Croatia)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurid%C5%BEa%27s_Rebellion" title="Kuridža's Rebellion">Kuridža's Rebellion</a> (1704)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Serbian_revolutionary_organisations" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian revolutionary organisations">Serbian revolutionary organisations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Serbia" title="Military history of Serbia">Military history of Serbia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Great_Eastern_Crisis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Great_Eastern_Crisis" title="Template:Great Eastern Crisis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Great_Eastern_Crisis" title="Template talk:Great Eastern Crisis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Great_Eastern_Crisis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Great Eastern Crisis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Great_Eastern_Crisis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Eastern_Crisis" title="Great Eastern Crisis">Great Eastern Crisis</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars and conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Montenegrin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_uprising_(1875%E2%80%931877)" title="Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)">Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1876%E2%80%931878)" title="Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)">Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serb</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_uprising_(1875%E2%80%931877)" title="Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)">Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Turkish_Wars_(1876%E2%80%931878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian–Turkish Wars (1876–1878)">Serbian–Turkish Wars (1876–1878)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kumanovo uprising</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bulgarian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stara_Zagora_Uprising" title="Stara Zagora Uprising">Stara Zagora Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_Uprising_of_1876" title="April Uprising of 1876">April Uprising of 1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razlovtsi_insurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="Razlovtsi insurrection">Razlovtsi insurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kresna%E2%80%93Razlog_uprising" title="Kresna–Razlog uprising">Kresna–Razlog uprising</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greek</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1878_Macedonian_rebellion" title="1878 Macedonian rebellion">1878 Macedonian rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Revolt_of_1878" title="Epirus Revolt of 1878">Epirus Revolt of 1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_revolt_(1878)" title="Cretan revolt (1878)">Cretan revolt (1878)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_War_of_Independence" title="Romanian War of Independence">Romanian War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_campaign_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_1878" title="Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878">Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Albanians,_1877%E2%80%931878" class="mw-redirect" title="Expulsion of the Albanians, 1877–1878">Expulsion of the Albanians, 1877–1878</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281860%E2%80%931905%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281860%E2%80%931905%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281860%E2%80%931905%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281860%E2%80%931905%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281860%E2%80%931905%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281860%E2%80%931905%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281835%E2%80%931882%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="563" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International<br /> agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Memorandum" title="Berlin Memorandum">Berlin Memorandum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichstadt_Agreement" title="Reichstadt Agreement">Reichstadt Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantinople_Conference" title="Constantinople Conference">Constantinople Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Convention_of_1877" title="Budapest Convention of 1877">Budapest Convention of 1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Stefano" title="Treaty of San Stefano">Treaty of San Stefano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Convention" title="Cyprus Convention">Cyprus Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Congress of Berlin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Berlin_(1878)" title="Treaty of Berlin (1878)">Treaty of Berlin (1878)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Exarchate" title="Bulgarian Exarchate">Bulgarian Exarchate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deligrad_Event" title="Deligrad Event">Deligrad Event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Committee" title="Niš Committee">Niš Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Ottoman_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1876 Ottoman coup d'état">1876 Ottoman coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Constitutional_Era" title="First Constitutional Era">First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Volunteer_Corps" title="Bulgarian Volunteer Corps">Opalchentsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Question">Eastern Question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Russian_Administration_in_Bulgaria" title="Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria">Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Cyprus" title="British Cyprus">British Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_for_Plav_and_Gusinje" title="Battles for Plav and Gusinje">Battles for Plav and Gusinje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Halepa" title="Pact of Halepa">Pact of Halepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_Alliance_(1879)" title="Dual Alliance (1879)">Dual Alliance (1879)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brsjak_revolt" title="Brsjak revolt">Brsjak revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro%E2%80%93Serbian_Alliance_of_1881" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881">Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_conquest_of_Tunisia" title="French conquest of Tunisia">French conquest of Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Constantinople_(1881)" title="Convention of Constantinople (1881)">Convention of Constantinople (1881)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Egypt_under_the_British" title="History of Egypt under the British">British Occupation of Egypt</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marche_slave" title="Marche slave">Marche slave</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anna_Karenina" title="Anna Karenina">Anna Karenina</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" title="Template:Wars and battles involving Serbs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" title="Template talk:Wars and battles involving Serbs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wars and battles involving Serbs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Serbia" title="Military history of Serbia">Wars and battles involving Serbs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Medieval</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian%E2%80%93Serbian_wars_(medieval)" title="Bulgarian–Serbian wars (medieval)">Serbian–Bulgarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar%E2%80%93Serb_War_(839%E2%80%93842)" title="Bulgar–Serb War (839–842)">Bulgar–Serb War (839–842)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar%E2%80%93Serb_War_(853)" title="Bulgar–Serb War (853)">Bulgar–Serb War (853)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian%E2%80%93Serbian_wars_of_917%E2%80%93924" title="Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924">Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaharija_of_Serbia#Rule" title="Zaharija of Serbia">Bulgarian–Serbian border revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian%E2%80%93Serbian_wars_(medieval)" title="Bulgarian–Serbian wars (medieval)">Bulgarian-Serb War (998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1202)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1202) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1202)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1203)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1203) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1203)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1290)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1290) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1290)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1291)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1291) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1291)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1330)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Velbazhd" title="Battle of Velbazhd">Battle of Velbazhd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Serbian%E2%80%93Ottoman_conflicts" title="List of Serbian–Ottoman conflicts">Serbian–Ottoman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Early skirmishes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gallipoli_(1312)" title="Battle of Gallipoli (1312)">Battle of Gallipoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stephaniana" title="Battle of Stephaniana">Battle of Stephaniana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Demotika" title="Battle of Demotika">Battle of Demotika</a> in 1352</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_S%C4%B1rp_S%C4%B1nd%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sırp Sındığı">Battle of Sırp Sındığı</a> in 1364</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Serbian_Empire" title="Fall of the Serbian Empire">Fall of the Serbian Empire</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maritsa" title="Battle of Maritsa">Battle of Maritsa</a> in 1371</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dubravnica" title="Battle of Dubravnica">Battle of Dubravnica</a> in 1381</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Savra" title="Battle of Savra">Battle of Savra</a> in 1385</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plo%C4%8Dnik" title="Battle of Pločnik">Battle of Pločnik</a> in 1386</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Battle of Kosovo</a> in 1389</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karanovasa" title="Battle of Karanovasa">Battle of Karanovasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tripolje" title="Battle of Tripolje">Battle of Tripolje</a> in 1402</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novo_Brdo" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Novo Brdo">Siege of Novo Brdo</a> in 1412</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vitosha_Pass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vitosha Pass (page does not exist)">Battle of Vitosha Pass</a> in 1413</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Carmorlu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Carmorlu (page does not exist)">Battle of Carmorlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Scutari_War" title="First Scutari War">First Scutari War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Scutari_War" title="Second Scutari War">Second Scutari War</a></li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1425</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1427</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1437</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trnava_(1430)" title="Battle of Trnava (1430)">Battle of Trnava (1430)</a></li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1438</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia (1439–1444)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Varna" title="Crusade of Varna">Crusade of Varna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nish_(1443)" title="Battle of Nish (1443)">Battle of Nish (1443)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zlatitsa" title="Battle of Zlatitsa">Battle of Zlatitsa</a> in 1443</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kunovica" title="Battle of Kunovica">Battle of Kunovica</a> in 1444</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia (1454–1455)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kru%C5%A1evac" title="Battle of Kruševac">Battle of Kruševac</a> in 1454</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leskovac" title="Battle of Leskovac">Battle of Leskovac</a> in 1454</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1456</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1456)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1456)">Siege of Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Smederevo_(1456)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Smederevo (1456) (page does not exist)">Siege of Smederevo</a></li> <li>Ottoman invasion and conquest of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> in 1459</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breadfield" title="Battle of Breadfield">Battle of Breadfield</a> in 1479</li></ul></li> <li>Ottoman conquest of <a href="/wiki/Zeta_under_the_Crnojevi%C4%87i" title="Zeta under the Crnojevići">Zeta</a> in 1499</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_wars" title="List of Byzantine wars">Serbian–Byzantine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serb_Uprising_of_1038%E2%80%931042&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serb Uprising of 1038–1042 (page does not exist)">Serb Uprising of 1038–1042</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bar" title="Battle of Bar">Battle of Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slav_Uprising_in_Pomoravlje" class="mw-redirect" title="Slav Uprising in Pomoravlje">Slav Uprising in Pomoravlje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zve%C4%8Dan" title="Battle of Zvečan">Battle of Zvečan</a> (1094)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haram" title="Battle of Haram">Battle of Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Ras_(1127)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Ras (1127) (page does not exist)">Siege of Ras (1127)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tara_(1150)" title="Battle of Tara (1150)">Battle of Tara (1150)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1149%E2%80%931155)" title="Byzantine–Hungarian War (1149–1155)">Byzantine–Hungarian War (1149–1155)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Brani%C4%8Devo" title="Siege of Braničevo">Siege of Braničevo</a> (1154)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pantina" title="Battle of Pantina">Battle of Pantina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1127%E2%80%931129)" title="Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)">Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1321%E2%80%931328" title="Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328">Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328</a></li> <li>Serbian invasion of Macedonia led by <a href="/wiki/Syrgiannes_Palaiologos" title="Syrgiannes Palaiologos">Syrgiannes Palaiologos</a> (1334)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1341%E2%80%931347" title="Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347">Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_invasions_of_Europe" title="Hungarian invasions of Europe">Hungarian invasions of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magyar%E2%80%93Serb_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyar–Serb conflict">Magyar–Serb conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1127%E2%80%931129)" title="Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)">Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sirmium" title="Battle of Sirmium">Battle of Sirmium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gacko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Gacko (page does not exist)">Battle of Gacko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_conflict_with_the_Nogai_Horde" title="Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde">Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Bulgaria_and_Serbia" title="Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia">Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%8Dva_War" title="Mačva War">Mačva War</a></li> <li>Hungarian–Serbian War (1321-1324)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_Hum_(1326%E2%80%931329)" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Hum (1326–1329)">War of Hum (1326–1329)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_civil_war_of_1331" title="Serbian civil war of 1331">Serbian civil war of 1331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_nobility_conflict_(1369)" title="Serbian nobility conflict (1369)">Serbian nobility conflict (1369)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rovine" title="Battle of Rovine">Battle of Rovine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nicopolis" title="Battle of Nicopolis">Battle of Nicopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ankara" title="Battle of Ankara">Battle of Ankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosmidion" title="Battle of Kosmidion">Battle of Kosmidion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%87amurlu" title="Battle of Çamurlu">Battle of Çamurlu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Despotovac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Despotovac (page does not exist)">Battle of Despotovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1440)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1440)">Siege of Belgrade (1440)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo_(1448)" title="Battle of Kosovo (1448)">Battle of Kosovo (1448)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">Fall of Constantinople</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Foreign rule</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburgs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Nenad" title="Jovan Nenad">Jovan Nenad</a>'s uprising</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_campaign_of_1527%E2%80%931528" title="Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528">Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91l%C5%91s" title="Battle of Szőlős">Battle of Szőlős</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91dfalva" title="Battle of Sződfalva">Battle of Sződfalva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Keresztes" title="Battle of Keresztes">Battle of Keresztes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1688)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1688)">Siege of Belgrade (1688)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bato%C4%8Dina" title="Battle of Batočina">Battle of Batočina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ni%C5%A1_(1689)" title="Battle of Niš (1689)">Battle of Niš (1689)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1690)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1690)">Siege of Belgrade (1690)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lugos" title="Battle of Lugos">Battle of Lugos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi%27s_War_of_Independence" title="Rákóczi's War of Independence">Rákóczi's War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Gotthard_(1705)" title="Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)">Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1716%E2%80%931718)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)">Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1717)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1717)">Siege of Belgrade (1717)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1735%E2%80%931739)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)">Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zsib%C3%B3" title="Battle of Zsibó">Battle of Zsibó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Trenčín">Battle of Trenčín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Petrovaradin" title="Battle of Petrovaradin">Battle of Petrovaradin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banja_Luka" title="Battle of Banja Luka">Battle of Banja Luka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1788%E2%80%931791)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)">Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_War_(Ottoman_wars)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long War (Ottoman wars)">Long War (Ottoman wars)</a> (1593–1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Banat Uprising">Banat Uprising</a> (1594)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serb_Uprising_of_1596%E2%80%931597&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serb Uprising of 1596–1597 (page does not exist)">Serb Uprising of 1596–1597</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs_(1687)" title="Battle of Mohács (1687)">Battle of Mohács (1687)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Vu%C4%8Ditrn" title="Uprising in Vučitrn">Uprising in Vučitrn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_uprising_of_1737%E2%80%931739" title="Serb uprising of 1737–1739">Serb uprising of 1737–1739</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Dina_Krajina_Serb_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Kočina Krajina Serb rebellion">Kočina Krajina Serb rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Martini%C4%87i_(1796)" title="Battle of Martinići (1796)">Battle of Martinići (1796)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krusi" title="Battle of Krusi">Battle of Krusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lopate" title="Battle of Lopate">Battle of Lopate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morean_War" title="Morean War">Morean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_War_(1645%E2%80%931669)" title="Cretan War (1645–1669)">Cretan War (1645–1669)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_on_Vrtijeljka" title="Battle on Vrtijeljka">Battle on Vrtijeljka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slankamen" title="Battle of Slankamen">Battle of Slankamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zenta" title="Battle of Zenta">Battle of Senta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Hussar_Regiment" title="Serbian Hussar Regiment">Serbian Hussar Regiment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pruth_River_Campaign" title="Pruth River Campaign">Pruth River Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Polish_Succession" title="War of the Polish Succession">War of the Polish Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Swedish_War_(1741%E2%80%931743)" title="Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)">Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Revolution" title="Serbian Revolution">Serbian Revolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising" title="First Serbian Uprising">First Serbian Uprising</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vra%C4%8Dar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vračar (page does not exist)">Vračar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Rudnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Rudnik (page does not exist)">Rudnik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Svileuva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Svileuva (page does not exist)">Svileuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Bato%C4%8Dina_and_Jagodina" title="Battles of Batočina and Jagodina">Batočina and Jagodina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kragujevac_(1804)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Kragujevac (1804) (page does not exist)">Kragujevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Drlupa" title="Battle of Drlupa">Drlupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C4%8Coke%C5%A1ina" title="Battle of Čokešina">Čokešina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberation_of_%C5%A0abac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberation of Šabac (page does not exist)">Šabac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Po%C5%BEarevac" title="Battle of Požarevac">Požarevac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Karanovac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Karanovac (page does not exist)">Karanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Adakale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Adakale (page does not exist)">Adakale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ivankovac" title="Battle of Ivankovac">Ivankovac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Rudnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Rudnik (page does not exist)">Rudnik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vrbica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vrbica (page does not exist)">Vrbica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mi%C5%A1ar" title="Battle of Mišar">Mišar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Deligrad" title="Battle of Deligrad">Deligrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1806)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1806)">Belgrade (1806)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberation_of_Belgrade_(1807)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberation of Belgrade (1807) (page does not exist)">Liberation of Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Loznica_(1807)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Loznica (1807) (page does not exist)">Loznica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battles_of_Malajnica_and_%C5%A0tubik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battles of Malajnica and Štubik (page does not exist)">Malajnica and Štubik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C4%8Cegar" title="Battle of Čegar">Čegar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jasika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Jasika (page does not exist)">Jasika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Prahovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Prahovo (page does not exist)">Prahovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suvodol" title="Battle of Suvodol">Suvodol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_on_the_Drina_(1810)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle on the Drina (1810) (page does not exist)">Drina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Varvarin" title="Battle of Varvarin">Varvarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loznica" title="Battle of Loznica">Loznica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ma%C4%8Dva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Mačva (page does not exist)">Mačva</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ravnje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ravnje (page does not exist)">Ravnje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEi_Prodan%27s_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadži Prodan's Revolt">Hadži Prodan's Revolt</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Serbian_Uprising" title="Second Serbian Uprising">Second Serbian Uprising</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ljubi%C4%87" title="Battle of Ljubić">Ljubić</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_%C4%8Ca%C4%8Dak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Čačak (page does not exist)">Čačak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Pale%C5%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Palež (page does not exist)">Palež</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Po%C5%BEarevac" title="Battle of Požarevac">Požarevac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Rudnik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Družetić</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Kragujevac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Jagodina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Karanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Batočina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Užice</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Valjevo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Batočina</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;">Ottoman</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1852%E2%80%931853)" title="Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1852–1853)">Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1852–1853)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grahovac" title="Battle of Grahovac">Battle of Grahovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kola%C5%A1in" title="Battle of Kolašin">Battle of Kolašin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1861%E2%80%931862)" title="Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1861–1862)">Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1861–1862)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1876%E2%80%931878)" title="Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)">Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vu%C4%8Dji_Do" title="Battle of Vučji Do">Battle of Vučji Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fundina" title="Battle of Fundina">Battle of Fundina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_for_Plav_and_Gusinje" title="Battles for Plav and Gusinje">Battles for Plav and Gusinje</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Velika_attacks_(1879)" title="Velika attacks (1879)">Velika attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nov%C5%A1i%C4%87e" title="Battle of Novšiće">Battle of Novšiće</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Murino" title="Battle of Murino">Battle of Murino</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kumanovo uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_campaign_of_1807%E2%80%931814" title="Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814">Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan%C4%8Di%C4%87%27s_rebellion" title="Jančić's rebellion">Jančić's rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest_Jovica%27s_Rebellion" title="Priest Jovica's Rebellion">Priest Jovica's Rebellion</a></li> <li>Several battles of <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vr%C5%A1ac_(1849)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vršac (1849) (page does not exist)">Battle of Vršac (1849)</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serbian-Turkish_Wars_(1876%E2%80%931878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian-Turkish Wars (1876–1878)">Serbian-Turkish Wars (1876–1878)</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vranje" title="Battle of Vranje">Battle of Vranje</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cattaro" title="Siege of Cattaro">Siege of Cattaro</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_uprising_(1852%E2%80%931862)" title="Herzegovina uprising (1852–1862)">Herzegovina uprising (1852–1862)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krivo%C5%A1ije_uprising_(1869)" title="Krivošije uprising (1869)">Krivošije uprising (1869)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_campaign_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_1878" title="Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878">AU-BiH War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jajce_(1878)" title="Battle of Jajce (1878)">Battle of Jajce (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vitez_(1878)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vitez (1878) (page does not exist)">Battle of Vitez (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarajevo_(1878)" title="Battle of Sarajevo (1878)">Battle of Sarajevo (1878)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Bulgarian_War" title="Serbo-Bulgarian War">Serbo-Bulgarian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pirot" title="Battle of Pirot">Battle of Pirot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slivnitsa" title="Battle of Slivnitsa">Battle of Slivnitsa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Struggle" title="Macedonian Struggle">Macedonian Struggle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fight_on_%C5%A0uplji_Kamen" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight on Šuplji Kamen">Fight on Šuplji Kamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fight_on_%C4%8Celopek" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight on Čelopek">Fight on Čelopek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fight_in_Tabanovce" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight in Tabanovce">Fight in Tabanovce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fight_in_Velika_Ho%C4%8Da" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight in Velika Hoča">Fight in Velika Hoča</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fight_on_%C4%8Celopek_(1906)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fight on Čelopek (1906) (page does not exist)">Fight on Čelopek (1906)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pirot_(1913)" title="Battle of Pirot (1913)">Battle of Pirot (1913)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kumanovo" title="Battle of Kumanovo">Battle of Kumanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prilep" title="Battle of Prilep">Battle of Prilep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monastir" title="Battle of Monastir">Battle of Monastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Scutari_(1912-1913)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Scutari (1912-1913)">Siege of Scutari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Adrianople_(1913)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Adrianople (1913)">Siege of Adrianople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Odrin_(1912%E2%80%931913)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Odrin (1912–1913)">Siege of Odrin (1912–1913)</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bregalnica" title="Battle of Bregalnica">Battle of Bregalnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kalimanci" title="Battle of Kalimanci">Battle of Kalimanci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knja%C5%BEevac" title="Battle of Knjaževac">Battle of Knjaževac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vidin_(1913)" title="Siege of Vidin (1913)">Siege of Vidin (1913)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid%E2%80%93Debar_uprising" title="Ohrid–Debar uprising">Ohrid–Debar uprising</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_campaign" title="Montenegrin campaign">Montenegrin campaign</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mojkovac" title="Battle of Mojkovac">Battle of Mojkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lov%C4%87en" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Lovćen">Battle of Lovćen</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serbian_campaign" title="Serbian campaign">Serbian campaign</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cer" title="Battle of Cer">Battle of Cer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Crna_Bend_(1916)" title="Battle of the Crna Bend (1916)">Battle of the Crna Bend (1916)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bazargic" title="Battle of Bazargic">Battle of Bazargic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dobro_Pole" title="Battle of Dobro Pole">Battle of Dobro Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Drina" title="Battle of the Drina">Battle of the Drina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Florina" title="Battle of Florina">Battle of Florina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kaymakchalan" title="Battle of Kaymakchalan">Battle of Kaymakchalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kolubara" title="Battle of Kolubara">Battle of Kolubara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_offensive_(1915)" title="Kosovo offensive (1915)">Kosovo offensive (1915)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Serbia,_Albania_and_Montenegro_(1918)" title="Liberation of Serbia, Albania and Montenegro (1918)">Liberation of Serbia, Albania and Montenegro (1918)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malka_Nidzhe" title="Battle of Malka Nidzhe">Battle of Malka Nidzhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Macedonian front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastir_offensive" title="Monastir offensive">Monastir offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morava_Offensive" title="Morava Offensive">Morava Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8De_Pole_Offensive" title="Ovče Pole Offensive">Ovče Pole Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vardar_offensive" title="Vardar offensive">Vardar offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srem_Offensive" title="Srem Offensive">Srem Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toplica_Uprising" title="Toplica Uprising">Toplica Uprising</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">Interwar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Slovene_conflict_in_Carinthia" title="Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia">Carinthia War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_National_Defence_of_Kosovo#Activity_in_Yugoslavia" title="Committee for the National Defence of Kosovo">Uprising in Drenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Uprising" title="Christmas Uprising">Christmas Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_intervention_in_the_Russian_Civil_War" title="Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War">Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian-Yugoslav_Border_War_(1921)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921)">Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azem_Galica#Resistance_against_Yugoslavia" title="Azem Galica">Drenica-Junik Uprising</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion of Yugoslavia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Serbia_(1941)" title="Uprising in Serbia (1941)">Uprising in Serbia (1941)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Montenegro_(1941)" title="Uprising in Montenegro (1941)">Uprising in Montenegro (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1941_uprising_in_eastern_Herzegovina" title="June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina">June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Novi_Pazar" title="Battle of Novi Pazar">Battle of Novi Pazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pljevlja" title="Battle of Pljevlja">Battle of Pljevlja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kozara" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kozara">Battle of Kozara</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loznica_(1941)" title="Battle of Loznica (1941)">Battle of Loznica (1941)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Livno" title="Battle of Livno">Battle of Livno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neretva" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Neretva">Battle of Neretva</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Sutjeska" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Sutjeska">Battle of the Sutjeska</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Drvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Drvar">Raid on Drvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knin" title="Battle of Knin">Battle of Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mostar" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Mostar">Battle of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lijev%C4%8De_Field" title="Battle of Lijevče Field">Battle of Lijevče Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Montenegro_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="1942 Montenegro offensive">1942 Montenegro offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biha%C4%87_Operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bihać Operation">Bihać Operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Batina" title="Battle of Batina">Battle of Batina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgrade Offensive">Belgrade Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Banja_Kovilja%C4%8Da" title="Capture of Banja Koviljača">Capture of Banja Koviljača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Black" title="Case Black">Case Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_White" title="Case White">Case White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Draufg%C3%A4nger" title="Operation Draufgänger">Operation Draufgänger</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kozara_Offensive" title="Kozara Offensive">Kozara Offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1942)" title="Battle of Kupres (1942)">Battle of Kupres (1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vi%C5%A1egrad" title="Battle of Višegrad">Battle of Višegrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostar_operation" title="Mostar operation">Mostar operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagykanizsa%E2%80%93K%C3%B6rmend_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagykanizsa–Körmend Offensive">Nagykanizsa–Körmend Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_operation" title="Niš operation">Niš operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Od%C5%BEak" title="Battle of Odžak">Battle of Odžak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Olovo_(1941)" title="Capture of Olovo (1941)">Capture of Olovo (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Alfa" title="Operation Alfa">Operation Alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Delphin" title="Operation Delphin">Operation Delphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kopaonik" title="Operation Kopaonik">Operation Kopaonik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kugelblitz" title="Operation Kugelblitz">Operation Kugelblitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mihailovic" title="Operation Mihailovic">Operation Mihailovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southeast_Croatia" title="Operation Southeast Croatia">Operation Southeast Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Trio" title="Operation Trio">Operation Trio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Uzice" title="Operation Uzice">Operation Uzice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Poljana" title="Battle of Poljana">Battle of Poljana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Prijedor" title="Operation Prijedor">Operation Prijedor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rogatica_(1941)" title="Siege of Rogatica (1941)">Siege of Rogatica (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_R%C3%B6sselsprung_(1944)" title="Operation Rösselsprung (1944)">Operation Rösselsprung (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Operation_(1944)" title="Kosovo Operation (1944)">Kosovo Operation (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Awakening" title="Operation Spring Awakening">Operation Spring Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srb_uprising" title="Srb uprising">Srb uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratsin-Kumanovo_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Stratsin-Kumanovo operation">Stratsin-Kumanovo operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrmian_Front" title="Syrmian Front">Syrmian Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zvornik" title="Battle of Zvornik">Battle of Zvornik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo_(1945)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Sarajevo (1945)">Battle of Sarajevo (1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zelengora" title="Battle of Zelengora">Battle of Zelengora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Croatian War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">Pakrac clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borovo_Selo" title="Battle of Borovo Selo">Battle of Borovo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stinger" title="Operation Stinger">Operation Stinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Yugoslav_campaign_in_Croatia" title="1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia">1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osijek" title="Battle of Osijek">Battle of Osijek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gospi%C4%87" title="Battle of Gospić">Battle of Gospić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Battle of Šibenik">Battle of Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zadar" title="Battle of Zadar">Battle of Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kusonje" title="Battle of Kusonje">Battle of Kusonje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_Barracks" title="Siege of Varaždin Barracks">Siege of Varaždin Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bjelovar_Barracks" title="Siege of Bjelovar Barracks">Siege of Bjelovar Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_Channels" title="Battle of the Dalmatian Channels">Battle of the Dalmatian Channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Otkos_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Otkos 10">Operation Otkos 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Orkan_91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Orkan 91">Operation Orkan 91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Whirlwind" title="Operation Whirlwind">Operation Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Baranja" title="Operation Baranja">Operation Baranja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Miljevci_Plateau" title="Battle of the Miljevci Plateau">Battle of the Miljevci Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1992)" title="Operation Tiger (1992)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Bosnian War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosanski_Brod" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Bosanski Brod">Battle of Bosanski Brod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1992)" title="Battle of Kupres (1992)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">Siege of Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Srebrenica" title="Siege of Srebrenica">Siege of Srebrenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gora%C5%BEde" title="Siege of Goražde">Siege of Goražde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Doboj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Doboj">Siege of Doboj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bihać (1992–95)">Siege of Bihać (1992–95)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vrbas_%2792" title="Operation Vrbas '92">Operation Vrbas '92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Corridor_92" title="Operation Corridor 92">Operation Corridor 92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bura" title="Operation Bura">Operation Bura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kravica_attack_(1993)" title="Kravica attack (1993)">Kravica attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mostar" title="Siege of Mostar">Siege of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Irma" title="Operation Irma">Operation Irma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_B%C3%B8llebank" title="Operation Bøllebank">Operation Bøllebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1994)" title="Operation Tiger (1994)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1994)" title="Battle of Kupres (1994)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Amanda" title="Operation Amanda">Operation Amanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spider" title="Operation Spider">Operation Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Vla%C5%A1i%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberation of Vlašić">Battle of Vlašić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 1">Operation Leap 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ora%C5%A1je" title="Battle of Orašje">Battle of Orašje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 2">Operation Leap 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrbanja_Bridge" title="Battle of Vrbanja Bridge">Battle of Vrbanja Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vozu%C4%87a" title="Battle of Vozuća">Battle of Vozuća</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Miracle_(1995)" title="Operation Miracle (1995)">Operation Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Operation Mistral 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sana" title="Operation Sana">Operation Sana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Una" title="Operation Una">Operation Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southern_Move" title="Operation Southern Move">Operation Southern Move</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/NATO_intervention_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina">NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1995_Pale_air_strikes" title="1995 Pale air strikes">1995 Pale air strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deny_Flight" title="Operation Deny Flight">Operation Deny Flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">Operation Deliberate Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maritime_Monitor" title="Operation Maritime Monitor">Operation Maritime Monitor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Kosovo War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Kosovo_(1995%E2%80%931998)" title="Insurgency in Kosovo (1995–1998)">Insurgency in Kosovo</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_incident_(December_1998)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian–Yugoslav border incident (December 1998)">Albanian–Yugoslav border incident (December 1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_incident_(April_1999)" title="Albania–Yugoslav border incident (April 1999)">Albania–Yugoslav border incident (April 1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23,_1998,_Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_ambush" title="April 23, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush">April 23, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Orahovac" title="Attack on Orahovac">Attack on Orahovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Prekaz" title="Attack on Prekaz">Attack on Prekaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lo%C4%91a" title="Battle of Lođa">Battle of Lođa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oraovica" title="Battle of Oraovica">Battle of Oraovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bela%C4%87evac_Mine" title="Battle of Belaćevac Mine">Battle of Belaćevac Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Podujevo" title="Battle of Podujevo">Battle of Podujevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_14,_1998,_Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_ambush" title="December 14, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush">December 14, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Glo%C4%91ane" title="Battle of Glođane">Battle of Glođane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18,_1998,_Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_clashes" title="July 18, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border clashes">July 18, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Junik" title="Battle of Junik">Battle of Junik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ko%C5%A1are" title="Battle of Košare">Battle of Košare</a></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Pre%C5%A1evo_Valley" title="Insurgency in the Preševo Valley">Insurgency in the Preševo Valley</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prizren_incident_(1999)" title="Prizren incident (1999)">Prizren incident (1999)</a></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">NATO bombing of Yugoslavia</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dubrava_Prison_bombings_and_executions" title="Dubrava Prison bombings and executions">Dubrava Prison bombings and executions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_F-117A_shootdown" title="1999 F-117A shootdown">1999 F-117A shootdown</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Peacekeeping" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping" title="Peacekeeping">Peacekeeping</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">DR Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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