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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parentage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Parentage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parentage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Children</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genealogy_and_population_affinities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genealogy_and_population_affinities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Genealogy and population affinities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genealogy_and_population_affinities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Reign</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reign-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reign subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religiopolitical_countermand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religiopolitical_countermand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Religiopolitical countermand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religiopolitical_countermand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-During-life_deification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During-life_deification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>During-life deification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During-life_deification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Military campaigns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Battle_participation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_participation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Battle participation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_participation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personal life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facial_reconstruction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facial_reconstruction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Facial reconstruction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Facial_reconstruction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Succession</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Succession-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Succession subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reign_of_vizier_Ay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reign_of_vizier_Ay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Reign of vizier Ay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reign_of_vizier_Ay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Horemheb_Iry-pat_fulfillment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Horemheb_Iry-pat_fulfillment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Horemheb Iry-pat fulfillment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Horemheb_Iry-pat_fulfillment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tomb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tomb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tomb</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tomb-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tomb subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tomb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rediscovery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rediscovery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Rediscovery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rediscovery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Contents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rumored_curse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rumored_curse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Rumored curse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rumored_curse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_exhibitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_exhibitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>International exhibitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_exhibitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Family tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tutankhamun</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 107 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-107" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">107 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toetankamen" title="Toetankamen – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Toetankamen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AE_%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="توت عنخ آمون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توت عنخ آمون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankam%C3%B3n" title="Tutankamón – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tutankamón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanxamon" title="Tutanxamon – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tutanxamon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AE_%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="توت انخ آمون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="توت انخ آمون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="তুতানখামেন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তুতানখামেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8" title="तुतनखामन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="तुतनखामन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанкамон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тутанкамон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toutanc%27hamon" title="Toutanc'hamon – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Toutanc'hamon" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankamon" title="Tutankamon – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tutankamon" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanchamon" title="Tutanchamon – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tutanchamon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanchamun" title="Tutanchamun – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tutanchamun" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanhamon" title="Tutanhamon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tutanhamon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Τουταγχαμών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τουταγχαμών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankam%C3%B3n" title="Tutankamón – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tutankamón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutan%C4%A5amono" title="Tutanĥamono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tutanĥamono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankamon" title="Tutankamon – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tutankamon" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AE%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="توت‌عنخ‌آمون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توت‌عنخ‌آمون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tout%C3%A2nkhamon" title="Toutânkhamon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Toutânkhamon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BBtanchamon" title="Tûtanchamon – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tûtanchamon" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BAtanc%C3%A1man" title="Tútancáman – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tútancáman" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%88%AC%ED%83%95%EC%B9%B4%EB%A9%98" title="투탕카멘 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="투탕카멘" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Թութանխամոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թութանխամոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8" title="तुथंखमुन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तुथंखमुन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankamon" title="Tutankamon – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tutankamon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BAtankamon" title="Tútankamon – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tútankamon" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%97%27_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F" title="תות ענח' אמון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תות ענח' אמון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಟೂಟಾಂಕಾಮೆನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟೂಟಾಂಕಾಮೆನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ტუტანხამონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტუტანხამონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tout%C3%A2nkhamon" title="Toutânkhamon – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Toutânkhamon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%99" title="ຕຸຕັນຄາເມນ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຕຸຕັນຄາເມນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanchamunus" title="Tutanchamunus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tutanchamunus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanhamons" title="Tutanhamons – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tutanhamons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanchamun" title="Tutanchamun – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tutanchamun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanchamonas" title="Tutanchamonas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tutanchamonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanhamon" title="Tutanhamon – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tutanhamon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанкамон – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тутанкамон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totankam%C3%B4na" title="Totankamôna – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Totankamôna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB" title="തൂത്തൻഖാമൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തൂത്തൻഖാമൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="तूतनखामेन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तूतनखामेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ტუტანხამონი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ტუტანხამონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="توت عنخ امون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توت عنخ امون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toetanchamon" title="Toetanchamon – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Toetanchamon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%84%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3" title="ツタンカーメン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ツタンカーメン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totankhamon" title="Totankhamon – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Totankhamon" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanxamon" title="Tutanxamon – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tutanxamon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤੂਤਨਖ਼ਾਮੁਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੂਤਨਖ਼ਾਮੁਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="توتعنخآمون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="توتعنخآمون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totankhamon" title="Totankhamon – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Totankhamon" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanchamon" title="Tutanchamon – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tutanchamon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanc%C3%A2mon" title="Tutancâmon – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tutancâmon" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanhamuni" title="Tutanhamuni – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tutanhamuni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9B%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ටූටන්ඛාමූන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ටූටන්ඛාමූන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutancham%C3%B3n" title="Tutanchamón – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tutanchamón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankamon" title="Tutankamon – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tutankamon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AE_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="توت عنخ ئاموون – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="توت عنخ ئاموون" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанкамон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тутанкамон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamon" title="Tutankhamon – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tutankhamon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="துட்டன்காமன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துட்டன்காமன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99" title="ฟาโรห์ตุตันคาเมน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟาโรห์ตุตันคาเมน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Тутонхомун – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Тутонхомун" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тутанхамон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AE_%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="توت عنخ آمون – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="توت عنخ آمون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutanhamon" title="Tutanhamon – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tutanhamon" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%A1%E8%92%99" title="图坦卡蒙 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="图坦卡蒙" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%98%D7%90%D6%B7%D7%A0%D7%9B%D7%90%D6%B7%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F" title="טוטאַנכאַמון – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טוטאַנכאַמון" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Tutankhamun" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%A1%E9%96%80" title="圖坦卡門 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="圖坦卡門" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%A1%E8%92%99" title="图坦卡蒙 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="图坦卡蒙" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12154#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/King_Tut_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="King Tut (disambiguation)">King Tut (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#decd87;font-size:125%;">Tutankhamun</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader nickname">Tutankhaten, Tutankhamen,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClayton2006128_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClayton2006128-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tutankhamon</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tutankhamun's golden funerary mask"><img alt="Tutankhamun's golden funerary mask" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg/270px-CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg/405px-CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg/540px-CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Tutankhamun's <a href="/wiki/Mask_of_Tutankhamun" title="Mask of Tutankhamun">golden funerary mask</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#decd87; line-height:normal; padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_chronology" title="Egyptian chronology">Reign</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1332 – 1323 BC</span>, <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a> (granduncle/grandfather-in-law)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsible-leftside-toggle mw-collapsed" style="width:100%;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; background:#decd87; line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; display:block;margin-bottom:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Royal titulary</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-bottom:2px solid #decd87;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Horus_name" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Horus name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><br /><i>Ka nakht tut mesut</i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> Victorious bull, the (very) image of (re)birth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013227_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013227-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:4px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G5.png?bcb90" height="38" title="G5" alt="G5" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="48px" width="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="46" style="padding:0 5px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_E1.png?4dcff" height="28" title="E1" alt="E1" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D40.png?462ae" height="11" title="D40" alt="D40" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="38" title="G43 [w]" alt="w" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F31.png?4e74e" height="34" title="F31 [ms]" alt="ms" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_O34.png?63e15" height="5" title="O34" alt="O34" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="38" title="G43 [w]" alt="w" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Z3.png?25d86" height="38" title="Z3" alt="Z3" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/50px-Srxtail2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/75px-Srxtail2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/100px-Srxtail2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Nebty_("two_ladies")_name" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Nebty name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><br /><i>Nefer hepu, segereh tawy</i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> Perfect of laws, who has quieted down the Two Lands.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G16.png?dbf15" height="38" title="G16" alt="G16" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F35.png?9f378" height="38" title="F35 [nfr]" alt="nfr" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_O4.png?2d920" height="18" title="O4 [h]" alt="h" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Q3.png?42130" height="15" title="Q3 [p]" alt="p" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Z2.png?805ea" height="11" title="Z2" alt="Z2" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="38" title="G43 [w]" alt="w" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S29.png?58979" height="38" title="S29 [s]" alt="s" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_W11.png?e5e65" height="18" title="W11 [g]" alt="g" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D21.png?9bfb9" height="11" title="D21 [r]" alt="r" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_V28.png?f1179" height="38" title="V28 [H]" alt="H" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D36.png?9d512" height="12" title="D36 [a]" alt="a" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N17.png?35167" height="6" title="N17" alt="N17" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N17.png?35167" height="6" title="N17" alt="N17" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Horus_of_Gold" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Golden Horus</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><br /><i>Wetjes khau, sehetep netjeru</i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> Elevated of appearances, who has satisfied the gods.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G8.png?a8843" height="38" title="G8" alt="G8" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_U39.png?0a85e" height="38" title="U39" alt="U39" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N28.png?3f65d" height="15" title="N28 [xa]" alt="xa" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Y1.png?22c01" height="10" title="Y1" alt="Y1" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Z2.png?805ea" height="11" title="Z2" alt="Z2" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S29.png?58979" height="38" title="S29" alt="S29" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_R4.png?60956" height="15" title="R4 [Htp]" alt="Htp" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Q3.png?42130" height="15" title="Q3 [p]" alt="p" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_R8A.png?46719" height="38" title="R8A [nTrw]" alt="nTrw" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Throne_name_(praenomen)" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Prenomen  (Praenomen)</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><br /><i>Neb-kheperu-re</i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> The possessor of the manifestation of Re.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="{{{align}}}" style="padding:5px;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M23.png?e2674" height="38" title="M23" alt="M23" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_L2.png?ff0ae" height="38" title="L2" alt="L2" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:5px;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/17px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/26px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/34px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N5.png?08eb7" height="18" title="N5 [ra]" alt="ra" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_L1.png?8b41f" height="36" title="L1 [xpr]" alt="xpr" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Z2.png?805ea" height="11" title="Z2" alt="Z2" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_V30.png?e0ed0" height="12" title="V30 [nb]" alt="nb" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/21px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/32px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/42px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Nomen</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><br /><i>Tut-ankh-imen, heqa iunu shemau</i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> The living image of Amun, Ruler of Southern Heliopolis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="{{{align}}}" style="padding:5px;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G39.png?eb053" height="38" title="G39" alt="G39" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N5.png?08eb7" height="18" title="N5" alt="N5" /><br /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:5px;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/17px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/26px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/34px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M17.png?2e70b" height="38" title="M17 [i]" alt="i" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Y5.png?381eb" height="13" title="Y5 [mn]" alt="mn" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N35.png?fcc27" height="5" title="N35 [n]" alt="n" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="38" title="G43 [w]" alt="w" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S34.png?d177d" height="38" title="S34 [anx]" alt="anx" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S38.png?35ff7" height="38" title="S38" alt="S38" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_O28.png?4910a" height="38" title="O28" alt="O28" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M26.png?2bb1d" height="38" title="M26" alt="M26" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/21px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/32px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/42px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a> (half-sister)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/317a_and_317b_mummies" title="317a and 317b mummies">2</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/KV55" title="KV55">KV55</a> mummy,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010640–641_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010640–641-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> identified as most likely <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Younger_Lady" title="The Younger Lady">The Younger Lady</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1341 BC</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1323 BC</span> (aged <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 18–19</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Tomb of Tutankhamun">KV62</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Ancient Egyptian religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Dynasty</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">18th Dynasty</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Tutankhamun</b><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>Tutankhamen</b><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Egyptian language">Ancient Egyptian</a>: <i lang="egy"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/twt-%EA%9C%A5n%E1%B8%AB-jmn" class="extiw" title="wikt:twt-ꜥnḫ-jmn">twt-ꜥnḫ-jmn</a></i>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1341 BC</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1323 BC</span>), was an ancient Egyptian <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaoh</a> who ruled <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1332 – 1323 BC</span> during the late <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Eighteenth Dynasty</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>. Born <b>Tutankhaten</b>, he was likely a son of <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>, thought to be the <a href="/wiki/KV55" title="KV55">KV55 mummy</a>. His mother was identified through DNA testing as <a href="/wiki/The_Younger_Lady" title="The Younger Lady">The Younger Lady</a> buried in <a href="/wiki/KV35" title="KV35">KV35</a>; she was a <a href="/wiki/List_of_coupled_siblings#In_Ancient_Egypt" title="List of coupled siblings">full sister of her husband</a>. </p><p>Tutankhamun acceded to the throne around the age of nine following the short reigns of his predecessors <a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a>. He married his half-sister <a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenpaaten</a>, who was probably the mother of <a href="/wiki/317a_and_317b_mummies" title="317a and 317b mummies">his two infant daughters</a>. During his reign he restored the traditional polytheistic form of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">ancient Egyptian religion</a>, undoing the religious shift known as <a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a>. His endowments and restorations of cults were recorded on the Restoration Stela. The cult of the god <a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a> at <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a> was restored to prominence and the royal couple changed their names to "Tutankhamun" and "Ankhesenamun", replacing the -aten <a href="/wiki/Suffix" title="Suffix">suffix</a>. Additionally, he moved the royal court away from Akhenaten's capital, <a href="/wiki/Amarna" title="Amarna">Amarna</a>, and back to <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Egypt" title="Memphis, Egypt">Memphis</a>. He reestablished diplomatic relations with the <a href="/wiki/Mitanni" title="Mitanni">Mitanni</a> and carried out military campaigns in <a href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubia</a> and the Near East. Tutankhamun was one of few kings worshipped as a deity during his lifetime. The young king likely began construction of a royal tomb in the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Kings" title="Valley of the Kings">Valley of the Kings</a> and an accompanying mortuary temple but both were unfinished at the time of his death. </p><p>Tutankhamun died unexpectedly aged about 18; his health and the cause of his death have been the subject of much debate. In 2012 it was suggested he died from a combination of <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> and a leg fracture. With his royal tomb incomplete, he was instead buried in a small non-royal tomb adapted for his use. He was succeeded by his vizier <a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)"> Ay</a>. Likely an old man when he became king, Ay's reign was short, being succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a>, Tutankhamun's <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">commander-in-chief</a>. Under Horemheb, the restoration of the traditional ancient Egyptian religion was completed; Ay and Tutankhamun's constructions were usurped and earlier <a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a> rulers were erased. </p><p>In modern times, Tutankhamun is known for the 1922 <a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_the_tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun">discovery</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Tomb of Tutankhamun">his tomb</a> (KV62) by a team led by British Egyptologist <a href="/wiki/Howard_Carter" title="Howard Carter">Howard Carter</a> sponsored by British aristocrat <a href="/wiki/George_Herbert,_5th_Earl_of_Carnarvon" title="George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon">George Herbert</a>. Although robbed anciently, it retained much of its original contents, including the <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_mummy" title="Tutankhamun's mummy">king's undisturbed mummy</a>. The discovery received worldwide press coverage; with over 5,000 artifacts, it gave rise to renewed public interest in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>, for which <a href="/wiki/Mask_of_Tutankhamun" title="Mask of Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun's mask</a>, now preserved at the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Museum" title="Egyptian Museum">Egyptian Museum</a>, remains a popular symbol. Some of his treasure has traveled worldwide with unprecedented response; the Egyptian government allowed tours beginning in 1961. The deaths of some individuals who were involved in the excavation have been popularly attributed to the "<a href="/wiki/Curse_of_the_pharaohs" title="Curse of the pharaohs">curse of the pharaohs</a>" due to the similarity of their circumstances. Since the discovery of his tomb, he has been referred to colloquially as "<b>King Tut</b>".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anuk.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Anuk.PNG/170px-Anuk.PNG" decoding="async" width="170" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Anuk.PNG/255px-Anuk.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Anuk.PNG/340px-Anuk.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1438" data-file-height="1813" /></a><figcaption>Tutankhamun and his queen, <a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Tutankhamun was born in the reign of <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a> of the late <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt</a>. His original name was Tutankhaten or Tutankhuaten, meaning "living image of <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reflecting the shift in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">ancient Egyptian religion</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a> which characterized Akhenaten's reign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves199024_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves199024-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliamson20151_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliamson20151-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parentage">Parentage</h3></div> <p>His parentage is debated as they are not attested in surviving inscriptions. He was certainly a prince, as a fragmentary inscription from <a href="/wiki/Hermopolis" title="Hermopolis">Hermopolis</a> refers to "Tutankhuaten" as a "king's son".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004149_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004149-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is generally thought to have been the son of Akhenaten<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004149_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004149-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or his successor <a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018180_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018180-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inscriptions from Tutankhamun's reign treat him as a son of Akhenaten's father, <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a>, but that is only possible if Akhenaten's 17-year reign included a long co-regency with his father,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012167_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012167-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a possibility that many Egyptologists once supported but is now being abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERidley201913_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERidley201913-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother has been variously suggested to be Akhenaten's chief wife <a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Akhenaten's daughters <a href="/wiki/Meritaten" title="Meritaten">Meritaten</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Meketaten" title="Meketaten">Meketaten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tutankhamun was <a href="/wiki/Wet_nurse" title="Wet nurse">wet nursed</a> by a woman named <a href="/wiki/Maia_(nurse)" title="Maia (nurse)">Maia</a>, known from her tomb at Saqqara.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZivie199833–54_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZivie199833–54-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGundlachTaylor2009160_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGundlachTaylor2009160-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DNA testing identified his father as the mummy from tomb <a href="/wiki/KV55" title="KV55">KV55</a>, thought to be <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>, and his mother as "<a href="/wiki/The_Younger_Lady" title="The Younger Lady">The Younger Lady</a>", an anonymous mummy cached in tomb <a href="/wiki/KV35" title="KV35">KV35</a>. His parents were full siblings, both being children of Amenhotep III and his chief wife <a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The identity of The Younger Lady is unknown but she cannot be Nefertiti, as she was not known to be a sister of Akhenaten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004146_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004146-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, researchers such as <a href="/wiki/Marc_Gabolde" title="Marc Gabolde">Marc Gabolde</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aidan_Dodson" title="Aidan Dodson">Aidan Dodson</a> claim that Nefertiti was indeed Tutankhamun's mother. In this interpretation of the DNA results, the genetic closeness is not due to a brother-sister pairing but the result of three generations of <a href="/wiki/First-cousin_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="First-cousin marriage">first-cousin marriage</a>, making Nefertiti a first cousin of Akhenaten.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200916–17_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200916–17-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The validity and reliability of the genetic data from mummified remains has been questioned due to possible degradation due to decay.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss20166–10_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss20166–10-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Children">Children</h3></div> <p>When Tutankhaten became king, he married <a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenpaaten</a>, one of Akhenaten's daughters, who later changed her name to Ankhesenamun.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201689_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201689-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He fathered <a href="/wiki/317a_and_317b_mummies" title="317a and 317b mummies">two daughters</a> who died at or soon after birth and were buried with him in his tomb.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/X-ray_computed_tomography" class="mw-redirect" title="X-ray computed tomography">Computed tomography</a> studies published in 2011 revealed that one daughter was born prematurely at 5–6 months of pregnancy and the other at full-term, 9 months.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2011W829–W831_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2011W829–W831-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DNA testing has suggested the anonymous mummy <a href="/wiki/KV21#KV21A" title="KV21">KV21A</a> is their mother but the data is not statistically significant enough to allow her to be securely identified as his only known wife, Ankhesenamun.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tutankhamun's death marked the end of the royal bloodline of the Eighteenth Dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorkot2004161_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorkot2004161-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genealogy_and_population_affinities">Genealogy and population affinities</h3></div> <p>A genetic study, published in 2020, revealed Tutankhamun had the haplogroups <a href="/wiki/YDNA" class="mw-redirect" title="YDNA">YDNA</a> <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b" title="Haplogroup R1b">R1b</a>, which originated in western Asia and which today makes up 50–60% of the genetic pool of modern Europeans, and <a href="/wiki/MtDNA" class="mw-redirect" title="MtDNA">mtDNA</a> <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogroup K (mtDNA)">K</a>, which originated in the Near East. He shares this Y-haplogroup with his father, the KV55 mummy (Akhenaten), and grandfather, Amenhotep III, and his mtDNA haplogroup with his mother, The Younger Lady, his grandmother, <a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye</a>, and his great-grandmother, <a href="/wiki/Thuya" title="Thuya">Thuya</a>. The profiles for Tutankhamun and Amenhotep III were incomplete and the analysis produced differing probability figures despite having concordant allele results. Because the relationships of these two mummies with the KV55 mummy had previously been confirmed in an earlier study, the haplogroup prediction of both mummies could be derived from the full profile of the KV55 data<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, S.O.Y. Keita analysed 8 <a href="/wiki/STR_analysis" title="STR analysis">Short Tandem loci</a> (STR) data originally published by Hawass et al. in studies from 2010 and 2012. The first of these studies had investigated familial relationships among 11 royal mummies of the New Kingdom, which included Tutankhamun and Amenhotep III, as well as potential inherited disorders and infectious diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second of these studies (described <a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_Egypt#2012_Ramesses_III" title="Genetic history of Egypt">above</a>) had investigated the Y-haplogroups and genetic kinship of Ramesses III and an unknown man buried along with him in the royal cache at Deir el Bahari.<sup id="cite_ref-Hawass,_Zahi_2012_e8268_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hawass,_Zahi_2012_e8268-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Keita analysed the STR data from these studies using an algorithm that only has three choices: Eurasians, sub-Saharan Africans, and East Asians. Using these three options, Keita concluded that the majority of the samples had a population "affinity with '<a href="/wiki/Sub-Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-Sahara">sub-Saharan</a>' Africans in one affinity analysis". However, Keita cautioned that this does not mean that the royal mummies "lacked other affiliations", which he argued had been obscured in typological thinking. Keita further added that different "data and algorithms might give different results", reflecting the complexity of biological heritage and the associated interpretation.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Respaldo_del_trono_de_oro_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Respaldo_del_trono_de_oro_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n.jpg/220px-Respaldo_del_trono_de_oro_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Respaldo_del_trono_de_oro_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n.jpg/330px-Respaldo_del_trono_de_oro_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Respaldo_del_trono_de_oro_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n.jpg/440px-Respaldo_del_trono_de_oro_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="2799" /></a><figcaption>The throne of Tutankhamun, the <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a> depicted above</figcaption></figure> <p>Tutankhamun became <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaoh</a> between eight and nine years of age<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass200456_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass200456-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> following the short reigns of Akhenaten's successors Smenkhkare and <a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a>. It is uncertain whether Smenkhkare's reign outlasted Akhenaten's; the female ruler Neferneferuaten is now thought to have become co-regent shortly before Akhenaten's death and to have reigned for some time after it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200935–37_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200935–37-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERidley2019276_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERidley2019276-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On acceding the throne, Tutankhamun took the <a href="/wiki/Prenomen_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Prenomen (Ancient Egypt)">throne name</a> Nebkheperure.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He reigned for about nine years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBakerBaker2001137_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBakerBaker2001137-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Tutankhamun's reign the position of <a href="/wiki/Vizier_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Vizier (Ancient Egypt)">Vizier</a> was split between <a href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lower_Egypt" title="Lower Egypt">Lower Egypt</a>. The principal vizier for Upper Egypt was <a href="/wiki/Usermontu_(vizier)" title="Usermontu (vizier)">Usermontu</a>. Another figure named Pentju was also vizier but it is unclear of which lands. It is not entirely known if Ay, Tutankhamun's successor, actually held this position. A gold foil fragment from KV58 seems to indicate, but not certainly, that Ay was referred to as a Priest of <a href="/wiki/Maat" title="Maat">Maat</a> along with an epithet of "vizier, doer of maat." The epithet does not fit the usual description used by the regular vizier but might indicate an informal title. It might be that Ay used the title of vizier in an unprecedented manner.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson2009112_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson2009112-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An Egyptian priest named <a href="/wiki/Manetho" title="Manetho">Manetho</a> wrote a comprehensive history of ancient Egypt where he refers to a king named Orus, who ruled for 36 years and had a daughter named Acencheres who reigned twelve years and her brother Rathotis who ruled for only nine years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooney2018361_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooney2018361-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarclay200662_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarclay200662-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Amarna rulers are central in the list but which name corresponds with which historic figure is not agreed upon by researchers. Orus and Acencheres have been identified with Horemheb and Akhenaten and Rathotis with Tutankhamun. The names are also associated with <a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a>, Ay and the others in differing order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBooysen2013188_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBooysen2013188-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order for the pharaoh, who held divine office, to be linked to the people and the gods, special epithets were created for them at their accession to the throne. The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">ancient Egyptian titulary</a> also served to demonstrate one's qualities and link them to the terrestrial realm. The five names were developed over the centuries beginning with the <a href="/wiki/Horus_name" title="Horus name">Horus name</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wilkinson2002_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilkinson2002-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tutankhamun's<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> original <a href="/wiki/Nomen_(Ancient_Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomen (Ancient Egypt)">nomen</a>, <i>Tutankhaten</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> did not have a <a href="/wiki/Nebty_name" title="Nebty name">Nebty name</a><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Horus_of_Gold" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Gold Falcon name</a><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>k<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> associated with it<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss201628–29_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss201628–29-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as nothing has been found with the full five-name protocol.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>l<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religiopolitical_countermand">Religiopolitical countermand</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg/220px-Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg/330px-Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg/440px-Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1868" data-file-height="2238" /></a><figcaption>Egyptian art of the Amarna period</figcaption></figure> <p>At the beginning of Tutankhaten's reign, the royal court was still located at Amarna, and evidence from his tomb shows that the Aten was still acknowledged.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200948–49_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200948–49-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But several pieces of evidence suggest that his court was trying to reconcile Atenism with the traditional religion,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves1990153_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves1990153-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHornung1999117_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHornung1999117-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200948_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200948-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and activity at Amarna decreased during the first four years of his reign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200949_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200949-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These years saw dramatic reversals of Akhenaten's policies, which, given the king's young age, must have been instigated by his advisors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200964–65_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200964–65-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the third year of Tutankhaten's reign, his name was changed to "Tutankhamun", and that of his queen to "Akhesenamun".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHornung1999116_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHornung1999116-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200961_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200961-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Restoration Stela, which probably dates to Year 4 of Tutankhamun's reign, characterizes the Amarna Period as a time of disaster, saying "temples and the estates of the gods and goddesses from <a href="/wiki/Elephantine" title="Elephantine">Elephantine</a> to the marshes of the <a href="/wiki/Nile_Delta" title="Nile Delta">Delta</a> had fallen into ruin… If you asked a god for advice, he would not attend; and if one spoke to a goddess likewise she would not attend."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200963_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200963-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stela proclaims the rebuilding of the traditional cults;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200964_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200964-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> priests and other members of temple staffs were restored to their former positions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDarnellManassa200749_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDarnellManassa200749-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around this time, the royal court abandoned Amarna.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012207_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012207-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Memphis became the main seat of royal administration,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012207_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012207-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> continuing a trend that dated back to Akhenaten's predecessors, toward administering the country from that central location rather than the more outlying site of Thebes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHornung199964–66_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHornung199964–66-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Amun restored as Egypt's preeminent deity, Thebes once again became its greatest center of religious activity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012207_72-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETyldesley2012207-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tutankhamun enriched and endowed the priestly orders of two important cults, initiated a restoration process for old monuments that were damaged during the <a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a>, and reburied his father's remains in the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Kings" title="Valley of the Kings">Valley of the Kings</a>. Given his age, the king probably had advisers which presumably included <a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a> (who succeeded Tutankhamun) and General <a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a>, Ay's possible son in law and successor. Horemheb records that the king appointed him "lord of the land" as hereditary prince to maintain law. He also noted his ability to calm the young king when his temper flared.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBooth200786–87_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBooth200786–87-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tutankhamun_oriental_institute_Chicago.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Tutankhamun_oriental_institute_Chicago.jpg/220px-Tutankhamun_oriental_institute_Chicago.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Tutankhamun_oriental_institute_Chicago.jpg/330px-Tutankhamun_oriental_institute_Chicago.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Tutankhamun_oriental_institute_Chicago.jpg/440px-Tutankhamun_oriental_institute_Chicago.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Quartzite" title="Quartzite">Quartzite</a> statue thought to be of Tutankhamun from temple complex at <a href="/wiki/Medinet_Habu" title="Medinet Habu">Medinet Habu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In his third <a href="/wiki/Regnal_year" title="Regnal year">regnal year</a> Tutankhamun reversed several changes made during his father's reign. He ended the worship of the god Aten and restored the god <a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a> to supremacy. The ban on the cult of Amun was lifted and traditional privileges were restored to its priesthood. The capital was moved back to <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a> and the city of <a href="/wiki/Akhetaten" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhetaten">Akhetaten</a> was abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the restoration of the traditional cults, the king initiated building projects, in particular at <a href="/wiki/Karnak" title="Karnak">Karnak</a> in Thebes, where he laid out the <a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">sphinx</a> avenue leading to the temple of <a href="/wiki/Mut" title="Mut">Mut</a>. The sphinxes were originally made for Akhenaten and Nefertiti; they were given new ram heads and small statues of the king.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Luxor temple he completed the decoration of the entrance colonnade of Amenhotep III.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200970_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200970-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tutankhamun made several endowments that enriched and added to the priestly numbers of the cults of Amun and <a href="/wiki/Ptah" title="Ptah">Ptah</a>. He commissioned new statues of the deities from the best metals and stone and had new processional <a href="/wiki/Barque#Barques_and_barque_shrines_in_Ancient_Egypt" title="Barque">barques</a> made of the finest <a href="/wiki/Cedar_of_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedar of Lebanon">cedar from Lebanon</a> and had them embellished with gold and silver.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDarnellManassa200750_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDarnellManassa200750-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A building called the Temple-of-Nebkheperure-Beloved-of-Amun-Who-Puts-Thebes-in-Order, which may be identical to a building called Temple-of-Nebkheperre-in-Thebes, a possible mortuary temple, used recycled <a href="/wiki/Talatat" title="Talatat">talatat</a> from Akhenaten's east Karnak Aten temples indicating that the dismantling of these temples was already underway.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200966–67_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200966–67-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of Tutankhamun's construction projects were uncompleted at the time of his death and were completed by or usurped by his successors, especially Horemheb. The sphinx avenue was completed by his successor Ay and the whole was usurped by Horemheb. The Restoration Stele was usurped by Horemheb; pieces of the Temple-of-Nebkheperure-in-Thebes were recycled into Horemheb's own building projects.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200966–68_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200966–68-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="During-life_deification">During-life deification</h4></div> <p>In ancient Egypt, pharaohs were venerated after their deaths through <a href="/wiki/Mortuary_cult" title="Mortuary cult">mortuary cults</a> and associated temples as <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_been_considered_deities" title="List of people who have been considered deities">deities</a>. This form of <a href="/wiki/Apotheosis" title="Apotheosis">apotheosis</a> was relegated to deceased pharaohs, but Tutankhamun was one of the few pharaohs who was worshiped in this manner during his lifetime.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford200385_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford200385-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Stela" class="mw-redirect" title="Stela">stela</a> discovered at <a href="/wiki/Karnak" title="Karnak">Karnak</a> and dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a> and Tutankhamun indicates that the king could be appealed to in his <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deified</a> state for forgiveness and to free the petitioner from an ailment caused by <a href="/wiki/Sin" title="Sin">sin</a>. Temples of his cult were built as far away as in <a href="/wiki/Kawa,_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawa, Egypt">Kawa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Faras" title="Faras">Faras</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubia</a>. The title of the sister of the <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_Kush" title="Viceroy of Kush">Viceroy of Kush</a> included a reference to the deified king, indicative of the universality of his cult.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBooth2007120_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBooth2007120-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tutankhamun_cartouches.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tutankhamun_cartouches.svg/150px-Tutankhamun_cartouches.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tutankhamun_cartouches.svg/225px-Tutankhamun_cartouches.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tutankhamun_cartouches.svg/300px-Tutankhamun_cartouches.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1558" data-file-height="1804" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cartouche" title="Cartouche">Cartouche</a> left: <i><a href="/wiki/Nomen_(ancient_Egypt)" title="Nomen (ancient Egypt)">Nomen</a></i> "Tutankhamun, ruler of Upper Heliopolis".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobinson200990–91_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobinson200990–91-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollierManley200328_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollierManley200328-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Right: <i><a href="/wiki/Prenomen_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Prenomen (Ancient Egypt)">Prenomen</a></i> "Nebkheperura".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollierManley200328_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollierManley200328-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_campaigns">Military campaigns</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Tut_charging_enemies,_18th_dynasty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/King_Tut_charging_enemies%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg/220px-King_Tut_charging_enemies%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/King_Tut_charging_enemies%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg/330px-King_Tut_charging_enemies%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/King_Tut_charging_enemies%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg/440px-King_Tut_charging_enemies%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="2883" /></a><figcaption>Tutankhamun charging enemies, 18th dynasty</figcaption></figure> <p>The country was economically weak and in turmoil following the reign of Akhenaten. Diplomatic relations with other kingdoms had been neglected, and Tutankhamun sought to restore them, in particular with the <a href="/wiki/Mitanni" title="Mitanni">Mitanni</a>. Evidence of his success is suggested by the gifts from various countries found in his tomb. Despite his efforts for improved relations, battles with <a href="/wiki/Nubians" title="Nubians">Nubians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asiatics" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatics">Asiatics</a> were recorded in his mortuary temple at Thebes, both victories for Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbertHoltHudson197628–9_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbertHoltHudson197628–9-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, as far as is known, Tutankhamun's military reign was undefeated, and is one of several other undefeated reigns in ancient Egypt's history. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Battle_participation">Battle participation</h4></div> <p>The extent to which Tutankhamun participated in battles is an open question and has yet to reach consensus among researchers. On one hand, his tomb contained extensive military armament, such as bows, <a href="/wiki/Khopesh" title="Khopesh">khopesh swords</a>, daggers, wristguards, maces, shields and a club, suggesting he had extensive weaponry training. Some imagery, while likely figurative, does depict Tutankhamun as directly participatory in warfare, such as the graphic battle depictions on the painted treasure chest in his tomb. Other artifacts, such as the Nine Bows footstool, walking sticks and sandals depicting enemies, and a gold leaf picture of him during chariot archery against enemies, also suggest that he was actively engaged in Egypt's international conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDarnellManassa2007_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDarnellManassa2007-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Egyptologist <a href="/wiki/Bob_Brier" title="Bob Brier">Bob Brier</a> has argued leaning towards Tutankhamun being an actively participating warrior in his later years.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the other hand, given Tutankhamun's youth and hypothesized physical disabilities, like a speculated cane handicap, some historians are skeptical that he participated in these battles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010638–647_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010638–647-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet some experts, such as Sofia Aziz and other researchers have taken the position that the speculations of Tutankhamun's physical frailty are overestimated, arguing that mummy damage has led to misdiagnosis. Instead, they argue that the more rigorous, scientific view is that he was physically active, and perhaps militarily participatory.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Egyptologist <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Booth" title="Charlotte Booth">Charlotte Booth</a> states that Tutankhamun participated in at least two battles (one Nubian battle, and one Asiatic battle), nevertheless noting that other researchers suggest that he may have only accompanied the army to the battlefield for <a href="/wiki/Moral_support" title="Moral support">moral support</a>, as opposed to actively participating.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBooth200786–87_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBooth200786–87-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tumba_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n,_Valle_de_las_Reyes,_Luxor,_Egipto,_2022-04-03,_DD_75.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tumba_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_75.jpg/335px-Tumba_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_75.jpg" decoding="async" width="335" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tumba_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_75.jpg/503px-Tumba_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_75.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tumba_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_75.jpg/670px-Tumba_de_Tutankam%C3%B3n%2C_Valle_de_las_Reyes%2C_Luxor%2C_Egipto%2C_2022-04-03%2C_DD_75.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5877" data-file-height="2559" /></a><figcaption>Scenes from the north wall of the burial chamber of Tutankhamun. On the left side, Tutankhamun, followed by his <i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_conception_of_the_soul#Ka_(vital_essence)" title="Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul">ka</a></i> (an aspect of his soul), embraces the god of the dead <a href="/wiki/Osiris" title="Osiris">Osiris</a>. In the center, Tutankhamun greeting the goddess <a href="/wiki/Nut_(goddess)" title="Nut (goddess)">Nut</a>. On the right side, <a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a> performing the opening of the mouth for Tutankhamun.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves199072–73_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves199072–73-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tutankhamun_tomb_photographs_4_326.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tutankhamun_tomb_photographs_4_326.jpg/170px-Tutankhamun_tomb_photographs_4_326.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tutankhamun_tomb_photographs_4_326.jpg/255px-Tutankhamun_tomb_photographs_4_326.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tutankhamun_tomb_photographs_4_326.jpg/340px-Tutankhamun_tomb_photographs_4_326.jpg 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="972" /></a><figcaption>A painted, wooden figure of Tutankhamun suggested to be a mannequin for clothing</figcaption></figure> <p>Details about Tutankhamun's health and early death are heavily debated. The most recent study suggests Tutankhamun had <a href="/wiki/Avascular_necrosis" title="Avascular necrosis">bone necrosis</a> and a possible clubfoot, which may have rendered him dependent on assistive canes. This theory is disputed, as neither the canes nor his sandals show the kinds of the wear expected. He also had other health issues, including <a href="/wiki/Scoliosis" title="Scoliosis">scoliosis</a>, and had contracted several strains of <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>. He likely died of complications from a broken leg, possibly compounded by malaria. </p><p>Tutankhamun was slight of build, and roughly 167 cm (5 ft 6 in) tall.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201694_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201694-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CT investigations of Tutankhamun's skull revealed an excellent condition of his dentition. He had large front <a href="/wiki/Incisor" title="Incisor">incisors</a> and an overbite characteristic of the <a href="/wiki/Thutmosid" class="mw-redirect" title="Thutmosid">Thutmosid</a> royal line to which he belonged.<sup id="cite_ref-Pausch_et_al_2015_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pausch_et_al_2015-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Analysis of the clothing found in his tomb, particularly the dimensions of his loincloths and belts indicates that he had a narrow waist and rounded hips.<sup id="cite_ref-V-Eastwood_1999_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V-Eastwood_1999-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In attempts to explain both his unusual depiction in art and his early death it has been theorised that Tutankhamun had <a href="/wiki/Gynecomastia" title="Gynecomastia">gynecomastia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Paulshock_1980_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paulshock_1980-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Marfan_syndrome" title="Marfan syndrome">Marfan syndrome</a>, Wilson–Turner <a href="/wiki/X-linked_intellectual_disability" title="X-linked intellectual disability">X-linked intellectual disability</a> syndrome, Fröhlich syndrome (<a href="/wiki/Adiposogenital_dystrophy" title="Adiposogenital dystrophy">adiposogenital dystrophy</a>), <a href="/wiki/Klinefelter_syndrome" title="Klinefelter syndrome">Klinefelter syndrome</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalshe1973109–110_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalshe1973109–110-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Androgen_insensitivity_syndrome" title="Androgen insensitivity syndrome">androgen insensitivity syndrome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aromatase_excess_syndrome" title="Aromatase excess syndrome">aromatase excess syndrome</a> in conjunction with sagittal <a href="/wiki/Craniosynostosis" title="Craniosynostosis">craniosynostosis</a> syndrome, <a href="/wiki/Antley%E2%80%93Bixler_syndrome" title="Antley–Bixler syndrome">Antley–Bixler syndrome</a> or one of its variants.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been suggested that he had inherited <a href="/wiki/Temporal_lobe_epilepsy" title="Temporal lobe epilepsy">temporal lobe epilepsy</a> in a bid to explain the religiosity of his great-grandfather <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" title="Thutmose IV">Thutmose IV</a> and father Akhenaten and their early deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-Ashrafian_epilepsy_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashrafian_epilepsy-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, caution has been urged in this diagnosis.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2005 <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_mummy" title="Tutankhamun's mummy">Tutankhamun's mummy</a> was <a href="/wiki/CT_scan" title="CT scan">CT scanned</a>. The results showed that the young king had a partially <a href="/wiki/Cleft_lip_and_palate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleft lip and palate">cleft hard palate</a> and possibly a mild case of <a href="/wiki/Scoliosis" title="Scoliosis">scoliosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201695_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201695-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, he was diagnosed with a <a href="/wiki/Flat_feet" title="Flat feet">flat</a> right foot with <a href="/wiki/Hypophalangism" title="Hypophalangism">hypophalangism</a>, while his left foot was <a href="/wiki/Clubfoot" title="Clubfoot">clubbed</a> and had <a href="/wiki/Avascular_necrosis" title="Avascular necrosis">bone necrosis</a> of the second and third <a href="/wiki/Metatarsal_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Metatarsal bone">metatarsals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freiberg_disease" title="Freiberg disease">Freiberg disease</a> or <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6hler_disease" title="Köhler disease">Köhler disease II</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Hussein2013_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hussein2013-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the clubfoot diagnosis is disputed.<sup id="cite_ref-Marchant_2011_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marchant_2011-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James Gamble instead suggests that the position is a result of Tutankhamun habitually walking on the outside of his foot due to the pain caused by Köhler disease II;<sup id="cite_ref-Gamble_2010_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gamble_2010-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this theory has been refuted by members of Hawass' team.<sup id="cite_ref-Tutankhamun_reply_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tutankhamun_reply-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The condition may have forced Tutankhamun to walk with the use of a cane, many of which were found in his tomb.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010642–645-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, none of them show the wear expected of essential aids; the wear on his sandals, where present, is also even on both feet.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIkram202220_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIkram202220-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The presence of such a number of sticks is not unexpected, as canes were a symbol of status in ancient Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss2016105_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss2016105-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Genetic_testing" title="Genetic testing">Genetic testing</a> through <a href="/wiki/STR_analysis" title="STR analysis">STR analysis</a> rejected the hypothesis of <a href="/wiki/Gynecomastia" title="Gynecomastia">gynecomastia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Craniosynostosis" title="Craniosynostosis">craniosynostoses</a> (e.g., Antley–Bixler syndrome) or <a href="/wiki/Marfan_syndrome" title="Marfan syndrome">Marfan syndrome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010638–647_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010638–647-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genetic testing for STEVOR, AMA1, or MSP1 genes specific for <i><a href="/wiki/Plasmodium_falciparum" title="Plasmodium falciparum">Plasmodium falciparum</a></i> revealed indications of <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> tropica in 4 mummies, including Tutankhamun's.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010638–647_88-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010638–647-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is currently the oldest known genetic proof of the ailment.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBraun2012221_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBraun2012221-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team discovered DNA from several strains of the parasite, indicating that he was repeatedly infected with the most severe strain of malaria. His malaria infections may have caused a fatal immune response in the body or triggered <a href="/wiki/Shock_(circulatory)" title="Shock (circulatory)">circulatory shock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMackowiak201317_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMackowiak201317-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CT scan also showed that he had experienced a compound left leg fracture. This injury being the result of modern damage was ruled out based on the ragged edges of the fracture; modern damage features sharp edges. Embalming substances were present within the fracture indicating that it was associated with an open wound; no signs of healing were present.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201696–97_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201696–97-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Facial_reconstruction">Facial reconstruction</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tutankhamun%27s_mummified_head.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tutankhamun%27s_mummified_head.jpg/220px-Tutankhamun%27s_mummified_head.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tutankhamun%27s_mummified_head.jpg/330px-Tutankhamun%27s_mummified_head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tutankhamun%27s_mummified_head.jpg/440px-Tutankhamun%27s_mummified_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1541" data-file-height="1258" /></a><figcaption>Close-up of Tutankhamun's mummified head</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Forensic_facial_reconstruction" title="Forensic facial reconstruction">facial reconstruction</a> of Tutankhamun was carried out in 2005 by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Council_of_Antiquities" title="Supreme Council of Antiquities">Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic" title="National Geographic">National Geographic</a></i>. Three separate teams—Egyptian, French, and American—worked separately to approximate the face of the boy king. While the Egyptian and French teams knew their subject was Tutankhamun, the American team worked blind. All teams produced very similar results, but it was that of the French team that was ultimately cast in silicone.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2016252_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2016252-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Criticism">Criticism</h4></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Tyson_Smith" title="Stuart Tyson Smith">Stuart Tyson Smith</a>, Egyptologist and professor of anthropology at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Barbara" title="University of California, Santa Barbara">University of California, Santa Barbara</a>, in 2008 expressed criticism of the forensic reconstruction in a journal review. He noted that "Tutankhamun's face" was depicted as "very light-skinned," reflecting a "bias" among media outlets. Smith further added that "Egyptologists have been strangely reluctant to admit that the ancient Egyptians were rather dark-skinned Africans, especially the farther south one goes".<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2></div> <p>There are no surviving records of the circumstances of Tutankhamun's death; it has been the subject of considerable debate and major studies.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hawass and his team postulate that his death was likely the result of the combination of his multiple weakening disorders, a leg fracture, perhaps as the result of a fall, and a severe malarial infection.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass_et_al.2010-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Timmann and Meyer have argued that <a href="/wiki/Sickle_cell_anemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sickle cell anemia">sickle cell anemia</a> better fits the pathologies exhibited by the king,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimmannMeyer20101279_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimmannMeyer20101279-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a suggestion the Egyptian team has called "interesting and plausible".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarchant2010_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarchant2010-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Murder by a blow to the head was theorised as a result of the 1968 <span class="nowrap">x-ray</span> which showed two bone fragments inside the skull.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This theory was disproved by further analysis of the <span class="nowrap">x-rays</span> and the CT scan. The inter-cranial bone fragments were determined to be the result of the modern unwrapping of the mummy as they are loose and not adherent to the embalming resin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2016101–102_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2016101–102-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No evidence of bone thinning or calcified membranes, which could be indicative of a fatal blow to the head, were found.<sup id="cite_ref-Boyer_et_al_skull_spine_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boyer_et_al_skull_spine-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been suggested that the young king was killed in a chariot accident due to a pattern of crushing injuries, including the fact that the front part of his chest wall and ribs are missing.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Harer_2017_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harer_2017-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the missing ribs are unlikely to be a result of an injury sustained at the time of death; photographs taken at the conclusion of Carter's excavation in 1926 show that the chest wall of the king was intact, still wearing a beaded collar with falcon-headed terminals. The absence of both the collar and chest wall was noted in the 1968 <span class="nowrap">x-ray</span><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and further confirmed by the CT scan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201695_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem201695-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is likely that the front part of his chest was removed by robbers during the theft of the beaded collar; the intricate beaded skullcap the king was pictured wearing in 1926 was also missing by 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession">Succession</h2></div> <p>Since the two children of Tutankhamun and his sister-wife queen Ankhesenamun were both stillborns, and Tutankhamun was the last of the royal male siblings, there was no immediate <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> to assume the throne as Ankhesenamun's husband. Records in Horemheb's tomb state that Tutankhamun appointed him "lord of the land" as <a href="/wiki/Iry-pat" title="Iry-pat">Iry-pat</a> (heir designate), which is essentially the <a href="/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive">designated hereditary prince</a> to maintain law. However, queen Ankhesenamun preferred to not marry someone of lesser status than royal queen status. Horemheb was a militaryman of peasant birth and was, as the military commander-in-chief, technically a servant of queen Ankhesenamun. The vizier <a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a>, while of some royal blood, was an established vizier, and also technically a servant of queen Ankhesenamun. Ankhesenamun's spousal preferences ignited a series of disruption in the fulfillment of king Tutankhamun's <a href="/wiki/Will_and_testament" title="Will and testament">will</a> on throne heirship.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reign_of_vizier_Ay">Reign of vizier Ay</h3></div> <p>Seeking to resolve her spousal dilemma, Ankhesenamun inadvertently generated a predicament involving the Hittite king <a href="/wiki/Suppiluliuma_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Suppiluliuma I">Suppiluliuma I</a> and his son, prince <a href="/wiki/Zannanza" title="Zannanza">Zannanza</a>, known as the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0uppiluliuma_I#Zannanza_affair" title="Šuppiluliuma I">Zannanza affair</a>. Meanwhile, Tutankhamun's vizier maneuvered in the midst of Tutankhamun's death to intercept the throne, circumventing Horemheb's rightful heirship, marrying Ankhesenamun towards the onset of this Hittite-Egyptian negotiation period, unbeknownst to Hittites. The fact that Ay is depicted presiding over Tutankhamun's funeral, which is customary for the successor pharaoh, and the fact that Horemheb appears to have been absent at Tutankhamun's funeral aligns with this.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pharaoh Ay's reign was abruptly short and his death again left a vacancy in the throne with no royal bloodline heir because Ay did not have children with queen Ankhesenamun. Toward the end of Ay's reign, Ay named his son, military <a href="/wiki/Generalissimo" title="Generalissimo">generalissimo</a> <a href="/wiki/Nakhtmin" title="Nakhtmin">Nakhtmin</a>, to be successor to the throne. However, Nakhtmin never became pharaoh because he died before he could.<sup id="cite_ref-Kawai_2010_p._127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kawai_2010_p.-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Horemheb_Iry-pat_fulfillment">Horemheb Iry-pat fulfillment</h3></div> <p>Horemheb succeeded the throne as pharaoh after Ay's death. As pharaoh, Horemheb saw to it that the restoration of the traditional ancient Egyptian religion that Tutankhamun was previously spearheading was completed, restabilizing the nation. Notably, during the standard <a href="/wiki/Damnatio_memoriae" title="Damnatio memoriae">damnatio memoriae</a> process that each new Egyptian pharaoh undertakes, Horemheb defaced Ay's tomb, but left Tutankhamun's untouched, presumably out of respect.<sup id="cite_ref-Booth_2009_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Booth_2009-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In due course, Horemheb had selected then civilian military officer, <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_I" title="Ramesses I">Ramesses I</a>, as heir to the throne, who already had a grandson, <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a>, who would then go on to found the Ramesside dynasty and become the greatest pharaoh of ancient Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-Booth_2009_128-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Booth_2009-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This initiated a new royal bloodline that replaced the royal bloodline that ended with the death of Tutankhamun. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tomb">Tomb</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Tomb of Tutankhamun">Tomb of Tutankhamun</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inside_Pharaoh_Tutankhamun%27s_tomb,_18th_dynasty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Inside_Pharaoh_Tutankhamun%27s_tomb%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg/220px-Inside_Pharaoh_Tutankhamun%27s_tomb%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Inside_Pharaoh_Tutankhamun%27s_tomb%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg/330px-Inside_Pharaoh_Tutankhamun%27s_tomb%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Inside_Pharaoh_Tutankhamun%27s_tomb%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg/440px-Inside_Pharaoh_Tutankhamun%27s_tomb%2C_18th_dynasty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The wall decorations in KV62's burial chamber are modest in comparison with other <a href="/wiki/List_of_burials_in_the_Valley_of_the_Kings" title="List of burials in the Valley of the Kings">royal tombs found in</a> the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Kings" title="Valley of the Kings">Valley of the Kings</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Tutankhamun was buried in a tomb that was unusually small considering his status. His death may have occurred unexpectedly, before the completion of a grander royal tomb, causing <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_mummy" title="Tutankhamun's mummy">his mummy</a> to be buried in a tomb intended for someone else. This would preserve the observance of the customary 70 days between death and burial.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His tomb was robbed at least twice in antiquity, but based on the items taken (including perishable oils and perfumes) and the evidence of restoration of the tomb after the intrusions, these robberies likely took place within several months at most of the initial burial. The location of the tomb was lost because it had come to be buried by debris from subsequent tombs, and workers' houses were built over the tomb entrance.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rediscovery">Rediscovery</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_the_tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun">Discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Edward_Stanhope_Molyneux_Herbert00.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/George_Edward_Stanhope_Molyneux_Herbert00.jpg/170px-George_Edward_Stanhope_Molyneux_Herbert00.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/George_Edward_Stanhope_Molyneux_Herbert00.jpg/255px-George_Edward_Stanhope_Molyneux_Herbert00.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/George_Edward_Stanhope_Molyneux_Herbert00.jpg/340px-George_Edward_Stanhope_Molyneux_Herbert00.jpg 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Herbert,_5th_Earl_of_Carnarvon" title="George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon">George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon</a>, 1921</figcaption></figure> <p>The concession rights for excavating the Valley of the Kings was held by <a href="/wiki/Theodore_M._Davis" title="Theodore M. Davis">Theodore Davis</a> from 1905 until 1914. In that time, he had unearthed ten tombs including the nearly intact but non-royal tomb of <a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Queen Tiye's</a> parents, <a href="/wiki/Yuya" title="Yuya">Yuya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thuya" title="Thuya">Thuya</a>. As he continued working there in the later years, he uncovered nothing of major significance.<sup id="cite_ref-James2006_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-James2006-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Davis did find several objects in <a href="/wiki/KV58" title="KV58">KV58</a> referring to Tutankhamun, which included knobs and handles bearing his name most significantly the embalming cache of the king (<a href="/wiki/KV54" title="KV54">KV54</a>). He believed this to be the pharaoh's lost tomb and published his findings as such with the line; "I fear the Valley of the Tombs is exhausted".<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WilkinsonWeeks2016_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WilkinsonWeeks2016-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1907, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Carter" title="Howard Carter">Howard Carter</a> was invited by William Garstin and <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Maspero" title="Gaston Maspero">Gaston Maspero</a> to excavate for <a href="/wiki/George_Herbert,_5th_Earl_of_Carnarvon" title="George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon">George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon</a> in the Valley. The Earl of Carnarvon and Carter had hoped this would lead to their gaining the concession when Davis gave it up but had to be satisfied with excavations in different parts of the <a href="/wiki/Theban_Necropolis" title="Theban Necropolis">Theban Necropolis</a> for seven more years.<sup id="cite_ref-Carter2014_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter2014-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a systematic search beginning in 1915, Carter discovered the actual tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62) in November 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson199681_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson199681-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An ancient stroke of luck allowed the tomb to survive to modern times. The tomb's entrance was buried by mounds of debris from the cutting of <a href="/wiki/KV9" title="KV9">KV9</a> over 150 years after Tutankhamun's burial; ancient workmen's huts were also built on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson19969,_11_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson19969,_11-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETyldesley201226–27_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETyldesley201226–27-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This area remained unexcavated until 1922 due to its proximity to KV9, as excavations would impede tourist access to that tomb.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2000250–251_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2000250–251-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carter commenced excavations in early November 1922, before the height of the tourist season.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson201846_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson201846-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first step of the tomb's entrance staircase was uncovered on 4 November 1922. According to Carter's account the workmen discovered the step while digging beneath the remains of the huts; other accounts attribute the discovery to a boy digging outside the assigned work area.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinstone2006137–138_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinstone2006137–138-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>m<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By February 1923 the antechamber had been cleared of everything but two sentinel statues. A day and time were selected to unseal the tomb with about twenty appointed witnesses that included Lord Carnarvon, several Egyptian officials, museum representatives and the staff of the Government Press Bureau. On 17 February 1923 at just after two o'clock, the seal was broken.<sup id="cite_ref-CarterMace2012_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarterMace2012-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Letters published in 2022 of correspondence between <a href="/wiki/Rex_Engelbach" class="mw-redirect" title="Rex Engelbach">Rex Engelbach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Gardiner" title="Alan Gardiner">Alan Gardiner</a>, reveal that Howard Carter had stolen objects from the tomb, such as a 'whm amulet', before the tomb was officially opened. Rex Engelbach said in a letter to Gardiner about a 'whm amulet' gifted to Gardiner from Carter that "The whm amulet you showed me has been undoubtedly stolen from the tomb of Tutankhamun."<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contents">Contents</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Mask_of_Tutankhamun" title="Mask of Tutankhamun">Mask of Tutankhamun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Tomb of Tutankhamun">Tomb of Tutankhamun</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:09092019_(25)_-_T%C3%AAte_taill%C3%A9e_du_visage_de_Toutankh%C3%A2mon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/09092019_%2825%29_-_T%C3%AAte_taill%C3%A9e_du_visage_de_Toutankh%C3%A2mon.jpg/220px-09092019_%2825%29_-_T%C3%AAte_taill%C3%A9e_du_visage_de_Toutankh%C3%A2mon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/09092019_%2825%29_-_T%C3%AAte_taill%C3%A9e_du_visage_de_Toutankh%C3%A2mon.jpg/330px-09092019_%2825%29_-_T%C3%AAte_taill%C3%A9e_du_visage_de_Toutankh%C3%A2mon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/09092019_%2825%29_-_T%C3%AAte_taill%C3%A9e_du_visage_de_Toutankh%C3%A2mon.jpg/440px-09092019_%2825%29_-_T%C3%AAte_taill%C3%A9e_du_visage_de_Toutankh%C3%A2mon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>An alabaster stopper from his canopic chest</figcaption></figure> <p>Tutankhamun's tomb is the only royal tomb in the Valley of the Kings found in near-intact condition.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were 5,398 items found in the tomb, including a solid gold coffin, <a href="/wiki/Mask_of_Tutankhamun" title="Mask of Tutankhamun">face mask</a>, thrones, archery bows, <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_trumpets" title="Tutankhamun's trumpets">trumpets</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Lotus_chalice" title="Lotus chalice">lotus chalice</a>, two <a href="/wiki/Imiut_fetish" title="Imiut fetish">Imiut fetishes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Finger_and_Toe_stalls" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian Finger and Toe stalls">gold toe stalls</a>, furniture, food, wine, sandals, and fresh linen underwear. Howard Carter took 10 years to catalog the items.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent analysis suggests <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_meteoric_iron_dagger" title="Tutankhamun's meteoric iron dagger">a dagger recovered from the tomb</a> had an iron blade made from a <a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">meteorite</a>; study of artifacts of the time including other artifacts from Tutankhamun's tomb could provide valuable insights into metalworking technologies around the Mediterranean at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-Planetary_Science_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Planetary_Science-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-declanx_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-declanx-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Complete study of the iron artefacts from the tomb (besides the blade of a richly decorated golden dagger, small iron chisel blades set into wooden handles, an Eye of Horus amulet, and a miniature headrest) demonstrated that all were made of similar material.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only in 2022, a complex technological and material study of the Tutankhamun's mask was published.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of Tutankhamun's burial goods show signs of being adapted for his use after being originally made for earlier owners, probably Smenkhkare or Neferneferuaten or both.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves2015523_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves2015523-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018181,_192_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018181,_192-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERidley2019263–265_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERidley2019263–265-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 November 2007, 85 years to the day after Carter's discovery, Tutankhamun's mummy was placed on display in his underground tomb at <a href="/wiki/Luxor" title="Luxor">Luxor</a>, when the linen-wrapped mummy was removed from its golden sarcophagus to a climate-controlled glass box. The case was designed to prevent the heightened rate of decomposition caused by the humidity and warmth from tourists visiting the tomb.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, the tomb was closed for restoration by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Antiquities_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Antiquities (Egypt)">Ministry of Antiquities</a> and the Getty Conservation Institute. While the closure was originally planned for five years to restore the walls affected by humidity, the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_revolution_of_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian revolution of 2011">Egyptian revolution of 2011</a> set the project back. The tomb re-opened in February 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rumored_curse">Rumored curse</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tuts_Tomb_Opened.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Tuts_Tomb_Opened.JPG/220px-Tuts_Tomb_Opened.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Tuts_Tomb_Opened.JPG/330px-Tuts_Tomb_Opened.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Tuts_Tomb_Opened.JPG/440px-Tuts_Tomb_Opened.JPG 2x" data-file-width="921" data-file-height="686" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Howard_Carter" title="Howard Carter">Howard Carter</a> examining the innermost coffin of Tutankhamun, 1925</figcaption></figure> <p>For many years, rumors of a "<a href="/wiki/Curse_of_the_pharaohs" title="Curse of the pharaohs">curse of the pharaohs</a>" (probably fueled by newspapers seeking sales at the time of the discovery<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) persisted, emphasizing the early death of some of those who had entered the tomb. The most prominent was <a href="/wiki/George_Herbert,_5th_Earl_of_Carnarvon" title="George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon">George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon</a>, who died on 5 April 1923, five months after the discovery of the first step leading down to the tomb on 4 November 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-Bard2015_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bard2015-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The cause of Carnarvon's death was pneumonia supervening on [facial] erysipelas (a streptococcal infection of the skin and underlying soft tissue).<sup id="cite_ref-Reeves1993_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reeves1993-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Earl had been in an automobile accident in 1901 making him very unhealthy and frail. His doctor recommended a warmer climate so in 1903 the Carnarvons traveled to Egypt where the Earl became interested in Egyptology.<sup id="cite_ref-Bard2015_159-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bard2015-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with the stresses of the excavation, Carnarvon was already in a weakened state when an infection led to pneumonia.<sup id="cite_ref-OakesGahlin2005_161-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OakesGahlin2005-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A study showed that of the 58 people who were present when the tomb and <a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus" title="Sarcophagus">sarcophagus</a> were opened, only eight died within a dozen years;<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Howard Carter died of <a href="/wiki/Lymphoma" title="Lymphoma">lymphoma</a> in 1939 at the age of 64.<sup id="cite_ref-VernonSkeptical_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VernonSkeptical-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last survivors included <a href="/wiki/Lady_Evelyn_Herbert" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Evelyn Herbert">Lady Evelyn Herbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Herbert,_5th_Earl_of_Carnarvon" title="George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon">Lord Carnarvon</a>'s daughter who was among the first people to enter the tomb after its discovery in November 1922, who lived for a further 57 years and died in 1980,<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and American archaeologist <a href="/wiki/J.O._Kinnaman" class="mw-redirect" title="J.O. Kinnaman">J.O. Kinnaman</a> who died in 1961, 39 years after the event.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LIFEMagazine19Apr1923.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/LIFEMagazine19Apr1923.jpg/170px-LIFEMagazine19Apr1923.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/LIFEMagazine19Apr1923.jpg/255px-LIFEMagazine19Apr1923.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/LIFEMagazine19Apr1923.jpg/340px-LIFEMagazine19Apr1923.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption>The "Egyptian Number" of <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></i>, 19 April 1923</figcaption></figure> <p>Tutankhamun's fame is primarily the result of his well-preserved tomb and the global exhibitions of his associated artifacts. As <a href="/wiki/Jon_Manchip_White" title="Jon Manchip White">Jon Manchip White</a> writes, in his foreword to the 1977 edition of Carter's <i>The Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun</i>, "The pharaoh who in life was one of the least esteemed of Egypt's Pharaohs has become in death the most renowned".<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The discoveries in the tomb were prominent news in the 1920s. Tutankhamen came to be called by a modern <a href="/wiki/Neologism" title="Neologism">neologism</a>, "King Tut". Ancient Egyptian references became common in popular culture, including <a href="/wiki/Tin_Pan_Alley" title="Tin Pan Alley">Tin Pan Alley</a> songs; the most popular of the latter was "Old King Tut" by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Von_Tilzer" title="Harry Von Tilzer">Harry Von Tilzer</a> from 1923,<sup id="cite_ref-Coniam_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coniam-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was recorded by such prominent artists of the time as <a href="/wiki/The_Happiness_Boys" title="The Happiness Boys">Jones & Hare</a><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Tucker" title="Sophie Tucker">Sophie Tucker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Coniam_167-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coniam-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "King Tut" became the name of products, businesses, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_pets#List_of_presidential_pets" title="United States presidential pets">pet dog</a> of U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While <a href="/wiki/The_Treasures_of_Tutankhamun" class="mw-redirect" title="The Treasures of Tutankhamun">The Treasures of Tutankhamun</a> exhibit was touring the United States in 1978, comedian <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> wrote a novelty song "<a href="/wiki/King_Tut_(song)" title="King Tut (song)">King Tut</a>". Originally performed on <i><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live" title="Saturday Night Live">Saturday Night Live</a></i>, the song was released as a single and sold over a million copies.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, an extinct whale discovered in the <a href="/wiki/Eocene" title="Eocene">Eocene</a> deposits of Egypt was named <i><a href="/wiki/Tutcetus" title="Tutcetus">Tutcetus</a></i>, after Tutankhamun, due to the small size and immature age of the type specimen.<sup id="cite_ref-A23_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A23-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_exhibitions">International exhibitions</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Exhibitions_of_artifacts_from_the_tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Exhibitions of artifacts from the tomb of Tutankhamun">Exhibitions of artifacts from the tomb of Tutankhamun</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum.jpg/220px-M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum.jpg/330px-M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum.jpg/440px-M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>San Francisco's M. H. de Young Memorial Museum hosted an exhibition of Tutankhamun artifacts in 2009<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Tutankhamun's artifacts have traveled the world with unprecedented visitorship.<sup id="cite_ref-Hughes2019_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hughes2019-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibitions began in 1962 when <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> won its <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Algeria)" title="Independence Day (Algeria)">independence</a> from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. With the ending of that conflict, the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Louvre Museum">Louvre Museum</a> in Paris was quickly able to arrange an exhibition of Tutankhamun's treasures through <a href="/wiki/Christiane_Desroches_Noblecourt" title="Christiane Desroches Noblecourt">Christiane Desroches Noblecourt</a>. The French Egyptologist was already in Egypt as part of a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> appointment. The French exhibit drew 1.2 million visitors. Noblecourt had also convinced the Egyptian Minister of Culture to allow British photographer <a href="/wiki/George_Rainbird" title="George Rainbird">George Rainbird</a> to re-photograph the collection in color. The new color photos as well as the Louvre exhibition began a Tutankhamun revival.<sup id="cite_ref-Carruthers2014_175-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carruthers2014-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1965, the Tutankhamun exhibit traveled to <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_National_Museum" title="Tokyo National Museum">Tokyo National Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo,_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo, Japan">Tokyo, Japan</a> (21 August–10 October)<sup id="cite_ref-tobunken_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tobunken-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where it garnered more visitors than the future New York exhibit in 1979. The exhibit next moved to the <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Municipal_Museum_of_Art" title="Kyoto Municipal Museum of Art">Kyoto Municipal Museum of Art</a> in Kyoto (15 October–28 November)<sup id="cite_ref-tobunken_176-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tobunken-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with almost 1.75 million visitors, and then to the <a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefectural_Museum_of_Art" title="Fukuoka Prefectural Museum of Art">Fukuoka Prefectural Cultural Hall</a> in Fukuoka (3 December–26 December).<sup id="cite_ref-tobunken_176-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tobunken-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/blockbuster" class="extiw" title="wikt:blockbuster">blockbuster</a> attraction exceeded all other exhibitions of Tutankhamun's treasures for the next 60 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Hughes2019_174-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hughes2019-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Havens2014_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Havens2014-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Treasures_of_Tutankhamun" class="mw-redirect" title="The Treasures of Tutankhamun">The Treasures of Tutankhamun</a></i> tour ran from 1972 to 1979. This exhibition was first shown in London at the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> from 30 March until 30 September 1972. More than 1.6 million visitors saw the exhibition.<sup id="cite_ref-Hughes2019_174-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hughes2019-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibition moved on to many other countries, including the United States, Soviet Union, Japan, France, Canada, and West Germany. <a href="/wiki/The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="The Metropolitan Museum of Art">The Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> organized the U.S. exhibition, which ran from 17 November 1976 through 15 April 1979. More than eight million attended.<sup id="cite_ref-Russell2013_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russell2013-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiggs2018216_180-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiggs2018216-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The showing in the United States was part of a diplomatic effort begun by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> to further convince Americans of the value of Egypt as an ally. It traveled first to Washington D.C., then Chicago, New Orleans, Los Angeles, and Seattle, and finished in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities, in partnership with Arts and Exhibitions International and the National Geographic Society, launched a tour of Tutankhamun treasures and other 18th Dynasty funerary objects, this time called <i><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun_and_the_Golden_Age_of_the_Pharaohs" class="mw-redirect" title="Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharaohs">Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharaohs</a></i>. It featured the same exhibits as <i>Tutankhamen: The Golden Hereafter</i> in a slightly different format. It was expected to draw more than three million people but exceeded that with almost four million people attending just the first four tour stops.<sup id="cite_ref-CartledgeGreenland2010_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CartledgeGreenland2010-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibition started in Los Angeles, then moved to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale</a>, Chicago, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> and London before finally returning to Egypt in August 2008. An encore of the exhibition in the United States ran at the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Museum_of_Art" title="Dallas Museum of Art">Dallas Museum of Art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFritze2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidvkSkDQAAQBAJpgPA242_242]_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFritze2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidvkSkDQAAQBAJpgPA242_242]-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Dallas the exhibition moved to the <a href="/wiki/De_Young_Museum" title="De Young Museum">de Young Museum</a> in San Francisco, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Times_Square_Exposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery Times Square Exposition">Discovery Times Square Exposition</a> in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENici201531_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENici201531-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tutankhamun_Los_Angeles_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Tutankhamun_Los_Angeles_2018.jpg/220px-Tutankhamun_Los_Angeles_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Tutankhamun_Los_Angeles_2018.jpg/330px-Tutankhamun_Los_Angeles_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Tutankhamun_Los_Angeles_2018.jpg/440px-Tutankhamun_Los_Angeles_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3887" data-file-height="3887" /></a><figcaption>Tutankhamun exhibition in 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>The exhibition visited Australia for the first time, opening at the Melbourne Museum for its only Australian stop before Egypt's treasures returned to Cairo in December 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The exhibition included 80 exhibits from the reigns of Tutankhamun's immediate predecessors in the 18th Dynasty, such as <a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a>, whose trade policies greatly increased the wealth of that dynasty and enabled the lavish wealth of Tutankhamun's burial artifacts, as well as 50 from Tutankhamun's tomb. The exhibition did not include the gold mask that was a feature of the 1972–1979 tour, as the Egyptian government has decided that damage which occurred to previous artifacts on tours precludes this one from joining them.<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, it was announced that the largest collection of Tutankhamun artifacts, amounting to forty percent of the entire collection, would be leaving Egypt again in 2019 for an international tour entitled; "King Tut: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh".<sup id="cite_ref-urlTutankhamun_exhibition_to_be_hosted_in_Sydney_in_2021_-_Egypt_Today_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urlTutankhamun_exhibition_to_be_hosted_in_Sydney_in_2021_-_Egypt_Today-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2019–2022 tour began with an exhibit called; "Tutankhamun, Pharaoh's Treasures," which launched in Los Angeles and then traveled to Paris. The exhibit featured at the <a href="/wiki/Grande_Halle_de_la_Villette" class="mw-redirect" title="Grande Halle de la Villette">Grande Halle de la Villette</a> in Paris ran from March to September 2019. The exhibit featured one hundred and fifty gold coins, along with various pieces of jewelry, sculpture and carvings, as well as the renowned gold mask of Tutankhamun. Promotion of the exhibit filled the streets of Paris with posters of the event. The exhibit moved to London in November 2019 and was scheduled to travel to Boston and Sydney when the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> interrupted the tour. On 28 August 2020 the artifacts that made up the temporary exhibition returned to the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Museum" title="Egyptian Museum">Egyptian Museum</a>, Cairo, and other institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The treasures will be permanently housed in the new <a href="/wiki/Grand_Egyptian_Museum" title="Grand Egyptian Museum">Grand Egyptian Museum</a> in Cairo, expected to open between October 2023 and February 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-urlKing_Tutankhamun_exhibition_in_Paris_sells_130,000_tickets_-_Egypt_Independent_189-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urlKing_Tutankhamun_exhibition_in_Paris_sells_130,000_tickets_-_Egypt_Independent-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_tree">Family tree</h2></div> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 0.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tutankhamun_ascending_family_history" title="Template:Tutankhamun ascending family history"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tutankhamun_ascending_family_history" title="Template talk:Tutankhamun ascending family history"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tutankhamun_ascending_family_history" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tutankhamun ascending family history"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini">Tutankhamun ascending family history</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <p>Based on genetic testing and archeological evidence </p> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-size:100%; line-height: 120%; margin:1em;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" title="Thutmose IV">Thutmose IV</a> (m)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Mutemwiya" title="Mutemwiya">Mutemwiya</a> (f)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Tjuyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tjuyu">Tjuyu</a> (f)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_192-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Yuya" title="Yuya">Yuya</a> (m)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_192-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a> (m)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_192-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye</a> (f)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_192-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><small>Body identified as KV35EL</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a> (f)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a> (m)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_192-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sub>Body identified in KV55</sub></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/The_Younger_Lady" title="The Younger Lady">The Younger Lady</a> (f)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_192-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sub>Body identified as KV35YL</sub><br /><sub>Possibly Nebetah or Beketaten</sub></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a> (f)<br /><small>Body believed to be KV21</small>A</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tutankhamun</a> (m)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_192-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/317a_and_317b_mummies" title="317a and 317b mummies"> Child 1</a> (f)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:0px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color: #ccf; border-radius: 0.5em; border: 2px solid #000;"><a href="/wiki/317a_and_317b_mummies" title="317a and 317b mummies"> Child 2</a> (f)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align:left"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256386598">.mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#F0F2F5;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#CCFFCC;color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}</style> <div style="margin-left:0"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-archivedtalk mw-collapsed" style="color:inherit; background: transparent; text-align: left; border: 1px solid Silver; margin: 0.2em auto auto; width:100%; clear: both; padding: 1px;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="cot-header-mainspace" style="background:#F0F2F5; font-size:87%; padding:0.2em 0.3em; text-align:center; color:#202122"><div style="font-size:115%;margin:0 4em">Explanatory notes and reference sources</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; border: solid 1px Silver; padding: 0.6em; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff);"> <p><b>Notes:</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fn1-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_192-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_192-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_192-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_192-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_192-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_192-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_192-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooney - Jasno - pp. 219 - 220<br />"DNA indicated a probability in excess of 99.99%" that Amenhotep III was the father of the man interred in KV55. The probability that the man interred in KV55 is the father of Tutankhamun was equally as great." "[T]he lock of hair found in Tutankhamun's tomb seemed to link him in some intimate way to KV35EL". "Tiye's parents, Yuya and Thuya, had been found.." "..genetic analysis confirmed KV35EL as their daughter." "Furthermore, and as anticipated, the KV55 mummy genetically matched as the offspring of KV35EL." "Perhaps the most curious results of the genetic fingerprinting came from KV35YL. She proved to be not only a daughter of Amenhotep III and Tiye but also the mother of Tutankhamun."<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>α<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-greek"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1">Cooney, Kathlyn M.; Jasnow, Richard (25 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qgdPDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA219"><i>Joyful in Thebes: Egyptological Studies in Honor of Betsy M. Bryan</i></a>. Lockwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-937040-41-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-937040-41-3"><bdi>978-1-937040-41-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joyful+in+Thebes%3A+Egyptological+Studies+in+Honor+of+Betsy+M.+Bryan&rft.pub=Lockwood+Press&rft.date=2015-08-25&rft.isbn=978-1-937040-41-3&rft.aulast=Cooney&rft.aufirst=Kathlyn+M.&rft.au=Jasnow%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqgdPDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anubis_Shrine" title="Anubis Shrine">Anubis Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_of_Nefertem" title="Head of Nefertem">Head of Nefertem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_mummy" title="Tutankhamun's mummy">Tutankhamun's mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_meteoric_iron_dagger" title="Tutankhamun's meteoric iron dagger">Tutankhamun's meteoric iron dagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_trumpets" title="Tutankhamun's trumpets">Tutankhamun's trumpets</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">TOO</span>-tən-kah-<span style="font-size:90%">MOON</span></i></a><sup id="cite_ref-pron_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pron-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">TOO</span>-tən-<span style="font-size:90%">KAH</span>-mən, -⁠men</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-pron_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pron-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tutankhaten</i> was believed to mean <i>"Living-image-of-Aten"</i> as far back as 1877; however, not all Egyptologists agree with this interpretation. English Egyptologist <a href="/wiki/Battiscombe_Gunn" title="Battiscombe Gunn">Battiscombe Gunn</a> believed that the older interpretation did not fit with <a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Akhenaten's theology</a>. Gunn believed that such a name would have been <a href="/wiki/Blasphemous" class="mw-redirect" title="Blasphemous">blasphemous</a>. He saw <i>tut</i> as a verb and not a noun and gave his translation in 1926 as <i>The-life-of-Aten-is-pleasing</i>. Professor Gerhard Fecht also believed the word <i>tut</i> was a verb. He noted that Akhenaten used <i>tit</i> as a word for 'image', not <i>tut</i>. Fecht translated the verb <i>tut</i> as <i>"To be perfect/complete"</i>. Using Aten as the subject, Fecht's full translation was <i>"One-perfect-of-life-is-Aten"</i>. The Hermopolis Block (two carved block fragments discovered in Ashmunein) has a unique spelling of the first nomen written as <i>Tutankhuaten</i>; it uses <i>ankh</i> as a verb, which does support the older translation of <i>Living-image-of-Aten</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss201628–29_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEaton-Krauss201628–29-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Part of this interpretation is based on the inscribed block from Hermopolis, which names a "King's Son" in conjunction with a "King's Daughter".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200913_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200913-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Princes were not commonly depicted in the Eighteenth Dynasty so it is argued depictions of daughters does not necessarily mean Nefertiti did not have a son.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004149–150_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004149–150-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His parents are suggested to be Meritaten and her known husband Smenkhkare based on a re-examination of a box lid and coronation tunic found in his tomb.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018179–195_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018179–195-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meketaten's candidacy is based on a relief from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Tomb_of_Akhenaten" title="Royal Tomb of Akhenaten">Royal Tomb</a> at <a href="/wiki/Amarna" title="Amarna">Amarna</a> which depicts a child in the arms of a nurse outside a chamber in which Meketaten is being mourned by her parents and siblings, which has been interpreted to indicate she died in childbirth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnoldMetropolitan_Museum_of_Art_StaffGreenAllen1996115_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnoldMetropolitan_Museum_of_Art_StaffGreenAllen1996115-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This possibility has been deemed unlikely given that she was about 10 years old at the time of her death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrandCooper200988_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandCooper200988-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The team reported it was over 99.99 percent certain that <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a> was the father of the individual in KV55, who was in turn the father of Tutankhamun.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2016123_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawassSaleem2016123-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recent genetic analysis, published in 2020, revealed Tutankhamun shared his Y-haplogroup with his father, the KV55 mummy (Akhenaten), and grandfather, Amenhotep III, and his mtDNA haplogroup with his mother, The Younger Lady, his grandmother, Tiye, and his great-grandmother, <a href="/wiki/Thuya" title="Thuya">Thuya</a>, upholding the results of the earlier genetic study.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGadIsmailFathallaKhairat202011_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGadIsmailFathallaKhairat202011-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tutankhamun's Horus Name was <i>Ka nakht tut mesut</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> translated as; <i>Victorious bull, the (very) image of (re)birth</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His second full nomen (also called the Son of Re Name) was; <i>Tut ankh imen, heqa iunu shemau</i>, translated as; <i>The living image of Amun, Ruler of Southern Heliopolis</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tutankahmun's Nebty or Two Ladies Name was; (1): <i>Nefer hepu, segereh tawy</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> translated as; <i>Perfect of laws, who has quieted down the Two Lands</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2): <i>Nefer hepu, segereh tawy sehetep netjeru nebu</i>, translated as; <i>Perfect of laws, who has quieted down the Two Lands and pacified all the gods</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (3): <i>Wer ah imen</i>, translated as; <i>The great one of the palace of Amun</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tutankhamun's Gold Falcon Name was: (1): <i>Wetjes khau, sehetep netjeru</i><sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> translated as; <i>Elevated of appearances, who has satisfied the gods</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> *Gold Falcon name (2): <i>Wetjes khau it ef ra</i>, translates as; <i>Who has elevated the appearances of his father Re</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tutankhamun's <a href="/wiki/Prenomen_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Prenomen (Ancient Egypt)">Prenomen (Throne Name)</a> was: <i>Neb kheperu re</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> translated as: <i>The possessor of the manifestation of Re</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon2013206-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which had an <a href="/wiki/Epithet" title="Epithet">epithet</a> added: <i>Heqa maat</i>, translated as; <i>Ruler of Maat</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karl Kitchen, a reporter for the <i><a href="/wiki/Boston_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Globe">Boston Globe</a></i>, wrote in 1924 that a boy named Mohamed Gorgar had found the step; he interviewed Gorgar, who did not say whether the story was true.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiggs2021297_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiggs2021297-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lee Keedick, the organiser of Carter's American lecture tour, said Carter attributed the discovery to an unnamed boy carrying water for the workmen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2000255_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2000255-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many recent accounts, such as the 2018 book <i>Tutankhamun: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh</i> by the Egyptologist <a href="/wiki/Zahi_Hawass" title="Zahi Hawass">Zahi Hawass</a>, identify the water-boy as Hussein Abd el-Rassul, a member of a prominent local family. Hawass says he heard this story from el-Rassul in person. Another Egyptologist, Christina Riggs, suggests the story may instead be a conflation of Keedick's account, which was widely publicised by the 1978 book <i>Tutankhamun: The Untold Story</i> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hoving" title="Thomas Hoving">Thomas Hoving</a>, with el-Rassul's long-standing claim to have been the boy who was photographed wearing one of Tutankhamun's pectorals in 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiggs2021296–298,_407_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiggs2021296–298,_407-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClayton2006128-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClayton2006128_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClayton2006">Clayton 2006</a>, p. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOsingDreyer1987110–123_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOsingDreyer1987">Osing & Dreyer 1987</a>, pp. 110–123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-digitalegypt-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-digitalegypt_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/chronology/tutankhamun.html">"Digital Egypt for Universities: Tutankhamun"</a>. 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"Maternal and paternal lineages in King Tutankhamun's family". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353306320"><i>Guardian of Ancient Egypt: Essays in Honor of Zahi Hawass</i></a>. Czech Institute of Egyptology. pp. 497–518. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-7308-979-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-7308-979-5"><bdi>978-80-7308-979-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Maternal+and+paternal+lineages+in+King+Tutankhamun%27s+family&rft.btitle=Guardian+of+Ancient+Egypt%3A+Essays+in+Honor+of+Zahi+Hawass&rft.pages=497-518&rft.pub=Czech+Institute+of+Egyptology&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-80-7308-979-5&rft.aulast=Gad&rft.aufirst=Yehia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F353306320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGad2020" class="citation journal cs1">Gad, Yehia (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/30/R1/R24/5924364">"Insights from ancient DNA analysis of Egyptian human mummies: clues to disease and kinship"</a>. <i>Human Molecular Genetics</i>. <b>30</b> (R1): R24–R28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhmg%2Fddaa223">10.1093/hmg/ddaa223</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0964-6906">0964-6906</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33059357">33059357</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Molecular+Genetics&rft.atitle=Insights+from+ancient+DNA+analysis+of+Egyptian+human+mummies%3A+clues+to+disease+and+kinship&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=R1&rft.pages=R24-R28&rft.date=2020&rft.issn=0964-6906&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33059357&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fhmg%2Fddaa223&rft.aulast=Gad&rft.aufirst=Yehia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fhmg%2Farticle%2F30%2FR1%2FR24%2F5924364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawass2010" class="citation journal cs1">Hawass, Zahi (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/185393">"Ancestry and pathology in King Tutankhamun's family"</a>. <i>JAMA</i>. <b>303</b> (7): 638–647. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.2010.121">10.1001/jama.2010.121</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20159872">20159872</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Ancestry+and+pathology+in+King+Tutankhamun%27s+family&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=638-647&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Fjama.2010.121&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20159872&rft.aulast=Hawass&rft.aufirst=Zahi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2Fjournals%2Fjama%2Ffullarticle%2F185393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hawass,_Zahi_2012_e8268-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hawass,_Zahi_2012_e8268_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawass,_Zahi2012" class="citation journal cs1">Hawass, Zahi; et al. (2012). "Revisiting the harem conspiracy and death of Ramesses III: anthropological, forensic, radiological, and genetic study". <i>BMJ</i>. <b>345</b> (e8268): e8268. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.e8268">10.1136/bmj.e8268</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10072%2F62081">10072/62081</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23247979">23247979</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206896841">206896841</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ&rft.atitle=Revisiting+the+harem+conspiracy+and+death+of+Ramesses+III%3A+anthropological%2C+forensic%2C+radiological%2C+and+genetic+study&rft.volume=345&rft.issue=e8268&rft.pages=e8268&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10072%2F62081&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A206896841%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23247979&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.e8268&rft.au=Hawass%2C+Zahi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Analysis of the short tandem repeat (STR) data published on Ramesses III and the Amarna ancient royal family (including Tutankhamun) showed a majority to have an affinity with "sub-Saharan" Africans in one affinity analysis, which does not mean that they lacked other affiliations—an important point that typological thinking obscures". <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeita2022" class="citation journal cs1">Keita, S. O. Y. (September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://egyptianexpedition.org/articles/ideas-about-race-in-nile-valley-histories-a-consideration-of-racial-paradigms-in-recent-presentations-on-nile-valley-africa-from-black-pharaohs/">"Ideas about "Race" in Nile Valley Histories: A Consideration of "Racial" Paradigms in Recent Presentations on Nile Valley Africa, from "Black Pharaohs" to Mummy Genomest"</a>. <i>Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections</i>. <b>35</b>: 93–127.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ancient+Egyptian+Interconnections&rft.atitle=Ideas+about+%22Race%22+in+Nile+Valley+Histories%3A+A+Consideration+of+%22Racial%22+Paradigms+in+Recent+Presentations+on+Nile+Valley+Africa%2C+from+%22Black+Pharaohs%22+to+Mummy+Genomest&rft.volume=35&rft.pages=93-127&rft.date=2022-09&rft.aulast=Keita&rft.aufirst=S.+O.+Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fegyptianexpedition.org%2Farticles%2Fideas-about-race-in-nile-valley-histories-a-consideration-of-racial-paradigms-in-recent-presentations-on-nile-valley-africa-from-black-pharaohs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawass200456-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawass200456_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHawass2004">Hawass 2004</a>, p. 56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson200935–37-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson200935–37_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodson2009">Dodson 2009</a>, pp. 35–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERidley2019276-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERidley2019276_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRidley2019">Ridley 2019</a>, p. 276.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019193622/http://carlos.emory.edu/PDF/Classroom_TUTorial_Names_of_Tut.pdf">"Classroom TUTorials: The Many Names of King Tutankhamun"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Carlos_Museum" title="Michael C. Carlos Museum">Michael C. Carlos Museum</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://carlos.emory.edu/PDF/Classroom_TUTorial_Names_of_Tut.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 19 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Michael+C.+Carlos+Museum&rft.atitle=Classroom+TUTorials%3A+The+Many+Names+of+King+Tutankhamun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcarlos.emory.edu%2FPDF%2FClassroom_TUTorial_Names_of_Tut.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBakerBaker2001137-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBakerBaker2001137_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBakerBaker2001">Baker & Baker 2001</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson2009112-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson2009112_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodson2009">Dodson 2009</a>, p. 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECooney2018361-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooney2018361_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooney2018">Cooney 2018</a>, p. 361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarclay200662-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarclay200662_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarclay2006">Barclay 2006</a>, p. 62.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBooysen2013188-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBooysen2013188_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBooysen2013">Booysen 2013</a>, p. 188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilkinson2002-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wilkinson2002_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToby_A.H._Wilkinson2002" class="citation book cs1">Toby A.H. Wilkinson (11 September 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lGGFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA172"><i>Early Dynastic Egypt</i></a>. Routledge. p. 172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-66420-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-66420-7"><bdi>978-1-134-66420-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Dynastic+Egypt&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002-09-11&rft.isbn=978-1-134-66420-7&rft.au=Toby+A.H.+Wilkinson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlGGFAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon20131–15_55-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeprohon2013">Leprohon 2013</a>, pp. 1–15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yGAPAQAAMAAJ"><i>The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology</i></a>. 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Amberley Publishing Limited.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kawai_2010_p.-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kawai_2010_p._127-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKawai2010" class="citation journal cs1">Kawai, Nozomu (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/395389">"Ay versus horemheb: the political situation in the late eighteenth dynasty revisited"</a>. <i>Journal of Egyptian History</i>. <b>3</b> (2): 261–292. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F187416610X541727">10.1163/187416610X541727</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1874-1657">1874-1657</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Amberley Publishing Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4456-0885-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4456-0885-3"><bdi>978-1-4456-0885-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Horemheb&rft.pub=Amberley+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2009-10-15&rft.isbn=978-1-4456-0885-3&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<i>The Golden Age of Tutankhamun: Divine Might and Splendour in the New Kingdom</i>", <a href="/wiki/Zahi_Hawass" title="Zahi Hawass">Zahi Hawass</a>, p. 61, American University in Cairo Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/977-424-836-8" title="Special:BookSources/977-424-836-8">977-424-836-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMascort2018" class="citation web cs1">Mascort, Maite (12 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180514143841/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2018/03-04/findingkingtutstomb/">"How Howard Carter Almost Missed Finding King Tut's Tomb"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2018/03-04/findingkingtutstomb/">the original</a> on 14 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Tauris Parke Paperbacks. p. 191. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-258-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-258-5"><bdi>978-1-84511-258-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Howard+Carter%3A+The+Path+to+Tutankhamun&rft.pages=191&rft.pub=Tauris+Parke+Paperbacks&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-258-5&rft.au=T.+G.+H.+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAyK0_weGa20C%26pg%3DPA191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2001" class="citation book cs1">Davis, Theodore M. 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Duckworth Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7156-3072-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7156-3072-5"><bdi>0-7156-3072-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+tombs+of+Harmhabi+and+Touat%C3%A2nkhamanou&rft.edition=Paperback&rft.pub=Duckworth+Publishers&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7156-3072-5&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Theodore+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WilkinsonWeeks2016-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WilkinsonWeeks2016_133-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_H._WilkinsonKent_R._Weeks2016" class="citation book cs1">Richard H. Wilkinson; Kent R. 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Oxford University Press. p. 491. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-993163-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-993163-7"><bdi>978-0-19-993163-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+the+Valley+of+the+Kings&rft.pages=491&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-19-993163-7&rft.au=Richard+H.+Wilkinson&rft.au=Kent+R.+Weeks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBYrwCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA491&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carter2014-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carter2014_134-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoward_Carter2014" class="citation book cs1">Howard Carter (23 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m6sTBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT59"><i>The Tomb of Tutankhamun: Volume 1: Search, Discovery and Clearance of the Antechamber</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4725-7687-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4725-7687-3"><bdi>978-1-4725-7687-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tomb+of+Tutankhamun%3A+Volume+1%3A+Search%2C+Discovery+and+Clearance+of+the+Antechamber&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2014-10-23&rft.isbn=978-1-4725-7687-3&rft.au=Howard+Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm6sTBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson199681-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson199681_135-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReevesWilkinson1996">Reeves & Wilkinson 1996</a>, p. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson19969,_11-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReevesWilkinson19969,_11_136-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReevesWilkinson1996">Reeves & Wilkinson 1996</a>, pp. 9, 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETyldesley201226–27-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETyldesley201226–27_137-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTyldesley2012">Tyldesley 2012</a>, pp. 26–27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2000250–251-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2000250–251_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2000">James 2000</a>, pp. 250–251.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson201846-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson201846_139-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2018">Thompson 2018</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinstone2006137–138-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinstone2006137–138_140-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWinstone2006">Winstone 2006</a>, pp. 137–138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiggs2021297-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiggs2021297_141-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiggs2021">Riggs 2021</a>, p. 297.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2000255-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2000255_142-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2000">James 2000</a>, p. 255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiggs2021296–298,_407-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiggs2021296–298,_407_143-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiggs2021">Riggs 2021</a>, pp. 296–298, 407.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CarterMace2012-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CarterMace2012_145-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoward_CarterA._C._Mace2012" class="citation book cs1">Howard Carter; A. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=Howard+Carter+stole+Tutankhamun%27s+treasure%2C+new+evidence+suggests&rft.date=2022-08-13&rft.issn=0029-7712&rft.aulast=Alberge&rft.aufirst=Dalya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2F2022%2Faug%2F13%2Fhoward-carter-stole-tutankhamuns-treasure-new-evidence-suggests&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tyldesley, Joyce. Tutankhamen: The Search for an Egyptian King. Basic Books, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2015" class="citation web cs1">Williams, A. R. (24 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151127081707/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/11/151124-tut-biography-egypt-tomb-archaeology/">"King Tut: The Teen Whose Death Rocked Egypt"</a>. <i>National Geographic News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/11/151124-tut-biography-egypt-tomb-archaeology/">the original</a> on 27 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic+News&rft.atitle=King+Tut%3A+The+Teen+Whose+Death+Rocked+Egypt&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=A.+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2F2015%2F11%2F151124-tut-biography-egypt-tomb-archaeology%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Planetary_Science-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Planetary_Science_149-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniela_ComelliMassimo_D'orazioLuigi_FolcoMahmud_El-Halwagy2016" class="citation journal cs1">Daniela Comelli; Massimo D'orazio; Luigi Folco; Mahmud El-Halwagy; Tommaso Frizzi; Roberto Alberti; Valentina Capogrosso; Abdelrazek Elnaggar; Hala Hassan; Austin Nevin; Franco Porcelli; Mohamed G. Rashed; Gianluca Valentini; et al. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fmaps.12664">"The meteoritic origin of Tutankhamun's iron dagger blade – Comelli – 2016 – Meteoritics & Planetary Science – Wiley Online Library"</a>. <i>Meteoritics and Planetary Science</i>. <b>51</b> (7): 1301. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016M&PS...51.1301C">2016M&PS...51.1301C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fmaps.12664">10.1111/maps.12664</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+and+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=The+meteoritic+origin+of+Tutankhamun%27s+iron+dagger+blade+%E2%80%93+Comelli+%E2%80%93+2016+%E2%80%93+Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science+%E2%80%93+Wiley+Online+Library&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=1301&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fmaps.12664&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016M%26PS...51.1301C&rft.au=Daniela+Comelli&rft.au=Massimo+D%27orazio&rft.au=Luigi+Folco&rft.au=Mahmud+El-Halwagy&rft.au=Tommaso+Frizzi&rft.au=Roberto+Alberti&rft.au=Valentina+Capogrosso&rft.au=Abdelrazek+Elnaggar&rft.au=Hala+Hassan&rft.au=Austin+Nevin&rft.au=Franco+Porcelli&rft.au=Mohamed+G.+Rashed&rft.au=Gianluca+Valentini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fmaps.12664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-declanx-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-declanx_150-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2016" class="citation news cs1">Walsh, Declan (2 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/03/world/middleeast/king-tuts-dagger-made-of-iron-from-the-sky-researchers-say.html">"King Tut's Dagger Made of 'Iron From the Sky,' Researchers Say"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=King+Tut%27s+Dagger+Made+of+%27Iron+From+the+Sky%2C%27+Researchers+Say&rft.date=2016-06-02&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Declan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F06%2F03%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fking-tuts-dagger-made-of-iron-from-the-sky-researchers-say.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBroschat2022" class="citation book cs1">Broschat, Katja (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1346417460"><i>Iron from Tutankhamun's tomb</i></a>. Florian Ströbele, Christian Koeberl, Christian Eckmann, Eid Mertah, Manon Schutz. Cairo. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-64903-032-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-64903-032-0"><bdi>978-1-64903-032-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1346417460">1346417460</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iron+from+Tutankhamun%27s+tomb&rft.place=Cairo&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1346417460&rft.isbn=978-1-64903-032-0&rft.aulast=Broschat&rft.aufirst=Katja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1346417460&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBroschat2022" class="citation book cs1">Broschat, Katja (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1376256828"><i>Tutanchamuns Mumienmaske Chronographie einer Ikone</i></a>. Christian Eckmann, Tarek Tawfik, Thilo Rehren, Myrtō Geōrgakopulu, Stavroula Golfomitsou, Anja Cramer, Guido Heinz, Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums. Mainz am Rhein. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-88467-356-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-88467-356-0"><bdi>978-3-88467-356-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1376256828">1376256828</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tutanchamuns+Mumienmaske+Chronographie+einer+Ikone&rft.place=Mainz+am+Rhein&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1376256828&rft.isbn=978-3-88467-356-0&rft.aulast=Broschat&rft.aufirst=Katja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1376256828&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves2015523-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves2015523_153-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReeves2015">Reeves 2015</a>, p. 523.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018181,_192-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018181,_192_154-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018">Tawfik, Thomas & Hegenbarth-Reichardt 2018</a>, pp. 181, 192.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERidley2019263–265-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERidley2019263–265_155-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRidley2019">Ridley 2019</a>, pp. 263–265.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_McCarthy2007" class="citation news cs1">Michael McCarthy (5 October 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071105155115/http://news.independent.co.uk/sci_tech/article3129650.ece">"3,000 years old: the face of Tutankhaten"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. London. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+News+Egypt&rft.atitle=Long+awaited+for+Tutankhamun%27s+tomb+reopened+after+restoration&rft.date=2019-02-03&rft.au=Nada+Deyaa%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fww.dailynewssegypt.com%2F2019%2F02%2F03%2Flong-awaited-for-tutankhamuns-tomb-reopened-after-restoration%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHankey2007" class="citation book cs1">Hankey, Julie (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/passionforegypt00juli/page/3"><i>A Passion for Egypt: Arthur Weigall, Tutankhamun and the 'Curse of the Pharaohs'<span></span></i></a>. Tauris Parke Paperbacks. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/passionforegypt00juli/page/3">3–5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-435-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-435-0"><bdi>978-1-84511-435-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Passion+for+Egypt%3A+Arthur+Weigall%2C+Tutankhamun+and+the+%27Curse+of+the+Pharaohs%27&rft.pages=3-5&rft.pub=Tauris+Parke+Paperbacks&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-435-0&rft.aulast=Hankey&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpassionforegypt00juli%2Fpage%2F3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bard2015-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bard2015_159-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bard2015_159-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKathryn_A._Bard2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_A._Bard" title="Kathryn A. Bard">Kathryn A. Bard</a> (27 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ovU1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA249"><i>An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 249. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-67336-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-67336-2"><bdi>978-0-470-67336-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Archaeology+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pages=249&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2015-01-27&rft.isbn=978-0-470-67336-2&rft.au=Kathryn+A.+Bard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DovU1BgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reeves1993-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reeves1993_160-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarl_Nicholas_Reeves1993" class="citation book cs1">Carl Nicholas Reeves (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wTztAAAAMAAJ"><i>Howard Carter: Before Tutankhamun</i></a>. H.N. Abrams. pp. 62–156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-3186-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-3186-2"><bdi>978-0-8109-3186-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Howard+Carter%3A+Before+Tutankhamun&rft.pages=62-156&rft.pub=H.N.+Abrams&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8109-3186-2&rft.au=Carl+Nicholas+Reeves&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwTztAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OakesGahlin2005-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OakesGahlin2005_161-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorna_OakesLucia_Gahlin2005" class="citation book cs1">Lorna Oakes; Lucia Gahlin (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SC2fzs7MMssC"><i>Ancient Egypt: an illustrated reference to the myths, religions, pyramids and temples of the land of the pharaohs</i></a>. Hermes House. p. 495. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84477-451-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84477-451-7"><bdi>978-1-84477-451-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egypt%3A+an+illustrated+reference+to+the+myths%2C+religions%2C+pyramids+and+temples+of+the+land+of+the+pharaohs&rft.pages=495&rft.pub=Hermes+House&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-84477-451-7&rft.au=Lorna+Oakes&rft.au=Lucia+Gahlin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSC2fzs7MMssC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordon1995" class="citation book cs1">Gordon, Stuart (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bookofspellshexe00gord"><i>The Book of Spells, Hexes, and Curses</i></a></span>. New York: Carol Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-08065-1675-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-08065-1675-2"><bdi>978-08065-1675-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Spells%2C+Hexes%2C+and+Curses&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Carol+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-08065-1675-2&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbookofspellshexe00gord&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VernonSkeptical-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VernonSkeptical_163-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Vernon in <i>Skeptical – a Handbook of Pseudoscience and the Paranormal</i>, ed. <a href="/wiki/Donald_Laycock" title="Donald Laycock">Donald Laycock</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Vernon_(writer)" title="David Vernon (writer)">David Vernon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colin_Groves" title="Colin Groves">Colin Groves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Brown_(author)" title="Simon Brown (author)">Simon Brown</a>, Imagecraft, Canberra, 1989, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7316-5794-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7316-5794-2">0-7316-5794-2</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBill_Price2009" class="citation book cs1">Bill Price (21 January 2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tutankhamunegypt0000pric"><i>Tutankhamun, Egypt's Most Famous Pharaoh</i></a></span>. Harpenden : Pocket Essentials. p. 138. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781842432402" title="Special:BookSources/9781842432402"><bdi>9781842432402</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tutankhamun%2C+Egypt%27s+Most+Famous+Pharaoh&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=Harpenden+%3A+Pocket+Essentials&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft.isbn=9781842432402&rft.au=Bill+Price&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftutankhamunegypt0000pric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2245&dat=19610908&id=SBgzAAAAIBAJ&pg=5252,4998913">"Death Claims Noted Biblical Archaeologist"</a>. <i>Lodi News-Sentinel</i>. 8 September 1961<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lodi+News-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Death+Claims+Noted+Biblical+Archaeologist&rft.date=1961-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D2245%26dat%3D19610908%26id%3DSBgzAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5252%2C4998913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarterMace1977" class="citation book cs1">Carter, Howard; Mace, A.C. (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/discoveryoftombo00cart"><i>The Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamen</i></a>. Dover Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0486235009" title="Special:BookSources/0486235009"><bdi>0486235009</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Discovery+of+the+Tomb+of+Tutankhamen&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0486235009&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.au=Mace%2C+A.C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdiscoveryoftombo00cart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coniam-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coniam_167-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coniam_167-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConiam2017" class="citation book cs1">Coniam, Matthew (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zsYtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA42"><i>Egyptomania Goes to the Movies: From Archaeology to Popular Craze to Hollywood Fantasy</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland & Company</a>. pp. 42–44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781476668284" title="Special:BookSources/9781476668284"><bdi>9781476668284</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2022</span>. <q>...on May 19, [1923] when Motion Picture News reported that to further assist its exhibitors Fox had arranged with Harry Von Tilzer for a special and complete orchestration titled "Old King Tut" ... Sophie Tucker performed it in The Pepper Box Revue and recorded it for Okeh Records both with sufficient success that she took out an ad in Variety ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Egyptomania+Goes+to+the+Movies%3A+From+Archaeology+to+Popular+Craze+to+Hollywood+Fantasy&rft.pages=42-44&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781476668284&rft.aulast=Coniam&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzsYtDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul2021" class="citation web cs1">Paul, Gill (18 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/180748">"1920s "Tutmania" and its Enduring Echoes | History News Network"</a>. <i>historynewsnetwork.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/History_News_Network" title="History News Network">History News Network</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2022</span>. <q>Tutmania seeped into popular culture with the 1923 song "Old King Tut", a stage magician who called himself "Carter the Great", and the iconic 1932 horror film <i>The Mummy</i>, written by a journalist who had covered the discovery of the tomb. President Herbert Hoover even called his pet dog King Tut!</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=historynewsnetwork.org&rft.atitle=1920s+%22Tutmania%22+and+its+Enduring+Echoes+%7C+History+News+Network&rft.date=2021-07-18&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=Gill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistorynewsnetwork.org%2Farticle%2F180748&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdward_Chaney2020" class="citation book cs1">Edward Chaney (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3iW-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Mummy First, Statue After': Wyndham Lewis, Diffusionism, Mosaic Distinctions and the Egyptian Origins of Art"</a>. In Dobson, Eleanor; Tonks, Nichola (eds.). <i>Ancient Egypt in the Modern Imagination: Art, Literature and Culture</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a>. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781786736703" title="Special:BookSources/9781786736703"><bdi>9781786736703</bdi></a>. <q>Tutankhamun's popularity was such that a hit song ... was launched by Billy Jones and Ernie Hare under the title 'Old King Tut Was a (Wise Old Nut)'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27Mummy+First%2C+Statue+After%27%3A+Wyndham+Lewis%2C+Diffusionism%2C+Mosaic+Distinctions+and+the+Egyptian+Origins+of+Art&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egypt+in+the+Modern+Imagination%3A+Art%2C+Literature+and+Culture&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9781786736703&rft.au=Edward+Chaney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3iW-DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hoover.archives.gov/hoovers/first-familys-pets">"The First Family's Pets"</a>. <i>hoover.archives.gov</i>. The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum. 8 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hoover.archives.gov&rft.atitle=The+First+Family%27s+Pets&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhoover.archives.gov%2Fhoovers%2Ffirst-familys-pets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101221183441/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,965275-2,00.html">"Sensational Steve Martin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 24 August 1987. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,965275-2,00.html">the original</a> on 21 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Sensational+Steve+Martin&rft.date=1987-08-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C965275-2%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A23-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A23_172-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntarGlaoharEl-DesoukySeiffert2023" class="citation journal cs1">Antar, M.S.; Glaohar, A.S.; El-Desouky, H.; Seiffert, E.R.; El-Sayed, S.; Claxton, A.G.; Sallam, H.M. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10415296">"A diminutive new basilosaurid whale reveals the trajectory of the cetacean life histories during the Eocene"</a>. <i>Commun Biol</i>. <b>6</b> (707): 707. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs42003-023-04986-w">10.1038/s42003-023-04986-w</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10415296">10415296</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37563270">37563270</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commun+Biol&rft.atitle=A+diminutive+new+basilosaurid+whale+reveals+the+trajectory+of+the+cetacean+life+histories+during+the+Eocene.&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=707&rft.pages=707&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10415296%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37563270&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs42003-023-04986-w&rft.aulast=Antar&rft.aufirst=M.S.&rft.au=Glaohar%2C+A.S.&rft.au=El-Desouky%2C+H.&rft.au=Seiffert%2C+E.R.&rft.au=El-Sayed%2C+S.&rft.au=Claxton%2C+A.G.&rft.au=Sallam%2C+H.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10415296&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gEosAQAAMAAJ"><i>Travel and Tourism Market Research Yearbook</i></a>. Richard K. Miller Associates. 2008. p. 200. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781577831365" title="Special:BookSources/9781577831365"><bdi>9781577831365</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Travel+and+Tourism+Market+Research+Yearbook&rft.pages=200&rft.pub=Richard+K.+Miller+Associates&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781577831365&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgEosAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hughes2019-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hughes2019_174-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hughes2019_174-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hughes2019_174-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarah_Anne_Hughes2019" class="citation book cs1">Sarah Anne Hughes (20 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l0ueDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT36"><i>Museum and Gallery Publishing: From Theory to Case Study</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-09309-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-09309-1"><bdi>978-1-317-09309-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Museum+and+Gallery+Publishing%3A+From+Theory+to+Case+Study&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2019-06-20&rft.isbn=978-1-317-09309-1&rft.au=Sarah+Anne+Hughes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl0ueDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carruthers2014-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carruthers2014_175-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Carruthers2014" class="citation book cs1">William Carruthers (11 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9doABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA168"><i>Histories of Egyptology: Interdisciplinary Measures</i></a>. Routledge. p. 168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-01457-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-01457-5"><bdi>978-1-135-01457-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histories+of+Egyptology%3A+Interdisciplinary+Measures&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-07-11&rft.isbn=978-1-135-01457-5&rft.au=William+Carruthers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9doABAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tobunken-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tobunken_176-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tobunken_176-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tobunken_176-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tobunken.go.jp/materials/nenshi/4826.html">"ツタンカーメン展"</a> (in Japanese). Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties. 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E3%83%84%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E5%B1%95&rft.pub=Tokyo+National+Research+Institute+for+Cultural+Properties&rft.date=2021-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tobunken.go.jp%2Fmaterials%2Fnenshi%2F4826.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Havens2014-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Havens2014_177-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_R.H._Havens2014" class="citation book cs1">Thomas R.H. Havens (14 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U8b_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA134"><i>Artist and Patron in Postwar Japan: Dance, Music, Theater, and the Visual Arts, 1955–1980</i></a>. Princeton University Press. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-5539-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-5539-1"><bdi>978-1-4008-5539-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Artist+and+Patron+in+Postwar+Japan%3A+Dance%2C+Music%2C+Theater%2C+and+the+Visual+Arts%2C+1955%E2%80%931980&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2014-07-14&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-5539-1&rft.au=Thomas+R.H.+Havens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU8b_AwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/about_us/news_and_press/press_releases/2014/record_visitor_figures.aspx">"Record visitor figures"</a>. <i>British Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Museum&rft.atitle=Record+visitor+figures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fabout_us%2Fnews_and_press%2Fpress_releases%2F2014%2Frecord_visitor_figures.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Russell2013-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Russell2013_179-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMona_L._Russell2013" class="citation book cs1">Mona L. Russell (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-1535Zgqe7YC&pg=PA260"><i>Egypt</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 260. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-233-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-233-3"><bdi>978-1-59884-233-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Egypt&rft.pages=260&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-233-3&rft.au=Mona+L.+Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-1535Zgqe7YC%26pg%3DPA260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiggs2018216-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiggs2018216_180-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiggs2018">Riggs 2018</a>, p. 216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHindley2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Hindley, Meredith (September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neh.gov/humanities/2015/septemberoctober/feature/king-tut-classic-blockbuster-museum-exhibition-began-diplom">"King Tut: A Classic Blockbuster Museum Exhibition That Began as a Diplomatic Gesture"</a>. <i>Humanities</i>. Vol. 36, no. 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Humanities&rft.atitle=King+Tut%3A+A+Classic+Blockbuster+Museum+Exhibition+That+Began+as+a+Diplomatic+Gesture&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.date=2015-09&rft.aulast=Hindley&rft.aufirst=Meredith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neh.gov%2Fhumanities%2F2015%2Fseptemberoctober%2Ffeature%2Fking-tut-classic-blockbuster-museum-exhibition-began-diplom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CartledgeGreenland2010-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CartledgeGreenland2010_182-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_CartledgeFiona_Rose_Greenland2010" class="citation book cs1">Paul Cartledge; Fiona Rose Greenland (20 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EOj9Ucpo5WYC&pg=PA330"><i>Responses to Oliver Stone's Alexander: Film, History, and Cultural Studies</i></a>. Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. 330. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-23283-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-23283-2"><bdi>978-0-299-23283-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Responses+to+Oliver+Stone%27s+Alexander%3A+Film%2C+History%2C+and+Cultural+Studies&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=Univ+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=2010-01-20&rft.isbn=978-0-299-23283-2&rft.au=Paul+Cartledge&rft.au=Fiona+Rose+Greenland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEOj9Ucpo5WYC%26pg%3DPA330&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFritze2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidvkSkDQAAQBAJpgPA242_242]-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFritze2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidvkSkDQAAQBAJpgPA242_242]_183-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFritze2016">Fritze 2016</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vkSkDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA242">242</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENici201531-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENici201531_184-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNici2015">Nici 2015</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a1xC9RCn7WYC&pg=PA254"><i>Proceedings of the 1st International Conference in Safety and Crisis Management in the Construction, Tourism and SME Sectors</i></a>. Universal-Publishers. p. 254. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61233-557-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61233-557-5"><bdi>978-1-61233-557-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+1st+International+Conference+in+Safety+and+Crisis+Management+in+the+Construction%2C+Tourism+and+SME+Sectors&rft.pages=254&rft.pub=Universal-Publishers&rft.isbn=978-1-61233-557-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da1xC9RCn7WYC%26pg%3DPA254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenny_Booth2005" class="citation news cs1">Jenny Booth (6 January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ct-scan-may-solve-tutankhamun-death-riddle-9q5zsm2nbth">"CT scan may solve Tutankhamun death riddle"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. London: Times Newspapers Limited.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=CT+scan+may+solve+Tutankhamun+death+riddle&rft.date=2005-01-06&rft.au=Jenny+Booth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fct-scan-may-solve-tutankhamun-death-riddle-9q5zsm2nbth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urlTutankhamun_exhibition_to_be_hosted_in_Sydney_in_2021_-_Egypt_Today-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-urlTutankhamun_exhibition_to_be_hosted_in_Sydney_in_2021_-_Egypt_Today_187-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/52050/Tutankhamun-exhibition-to-be-hosted-in-Sydney-in-2021">"Tutankhamun exhibition to be hosted in Sydney in 2021 – Egypt Today"</a>. <i>Egypt Today</i>. 16 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Egypt+Today&rft.atitle=Tutankhamun+exhibition+to+be+hosted+in+Sydney+in+2021+%E2%80%93+Egypt+Today&rft.date=2018-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.egypttoday.com%2FArticle%2F4%2F52050%2FTutankhamun-exhibition-to-be-hosted-in-Sydney-in-2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowson2019" class="citation web cs1">Dowson, Thomas (22 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archaeology-travel.com/exhibitions/tutankhamun-treasures-of-the-golden-pharaoh/">"Tutankhamun: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh 2019 – 2023"</a>. <i>Archaeology Travel</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archaeology+Travel&rft.atitle=Tutankhamun%3A+Treasures+of+the+Golden+Pharaoh+2019+%E2%80%93+2023&rft.date=2019-02-22&rft.aulast=Dowson&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchaeology-travel.com%2Fexhibitions%2Ftutankhamun-treasures-of-the-golden-pharaoh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urlKing_Tutankhamun_exhibition_in_Paris_sells_130,000_tickets_-_Egypt_Independent-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-urlKing_Tutankhamun_exhibition_in_Paris_sells_130,000_tickets_-_Egypt_Independent_189-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMira_Maged2019" class="citation web cs1">Mira Maged (20 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ww.egyptindependent.com/king-tutankhamun-exhibition-in-paris-sells-130000-tickets/">"King Tutankhamun exhibition in Paris sells 130,000 tickets – Egypt Independent"</a>. <i>Al-Masry Al-Youm</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Art+%26+Object&rft.atitle=Blockbuster+King+Tut+Exhibitions+and+their+Fascinating+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.artandobject.com%2Fnews%2Fblockbuster-king-tut-exhibitions-and-their-fascinating-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.egyptindependent.com/grand-egyptian-museum-to-open-between-october-and-february-minister/">"Grand Egyptian Museum to open between October and February: Minister"</a>. <i>Egypt Independent</i>. 4 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Egypt+Independent&rft.atitle=Grand+Egyptian+Museum+to+open+between+October+and+February%3A+Minister&rft.date=2023-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.egyptindependent.com%2Fgrand-egyptian-museum-to-open-between-october-and-february-minister%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnoldMetropolitan_Museum_of_Art_StaffGreenAllen1996" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Dorothea; Metropolitan Museum of Art Staff; Green, L.; Allen, James P. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sGLFwVkljQMC&pg=PA115"><i>The Royal Women of Amarna: Images of Beauty from Ancient Egypt</i></a>. Metropolitan Museum of Art. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-816-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-816-4"><bdi>978-0-87099-816-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/35292712">35292712</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Royal+Women+of+Amarna%3A+Images+of+Beauty+from+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F35292712&rft.isbn=978-0-87099-816-4&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Dorothea&rft.au=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+Staff&rft.au=Green%2C+L.&rft.au=Allen%2C+James+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsGLFwVkljQMC%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakerBaker2001" class="citation book cs1">Baker, Rosalie F.; Baker, Charles F. 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Oxford University Press, USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-512221-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-512221-3"><bdi>978-0-19-512221-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egyptians%3A+People+of+the+Pyramids&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+USA&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512221-3&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Rosalie+F.&rft.au=Baker%2C+Charles+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dgw5prEJQq10C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarclay2006" class="citation book cs1">Barclay, John M.G. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cXmmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA62"><i>Flavius Josephus: Translation and Commentary, Volume 10: Against Apion</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-474-0405-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-474-0405-7"><bdi>978-90-474-0405-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flavius+Josephus%3A+Translation+and+Commentary%2C+Volume+10%3A+Against+Apion&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-90-474-0405-7&rft.aulast=Barclay&rft.aufirst=John+M.G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcXmmDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooysen2013" class="citation book cs1">Booysen, Riaan (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8WY-AQAAQBAJ&pg=PT188"><i>Thera and the Exodus: The Exodus Explained in Terms of Natural Phenomena and the Human Response to It</i></a>. John Hunt Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78099-450-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78099-450-5"><bdi>978-1-78099-450-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thera+and+the+Exodus%3A+The+Exodus+Explained+in+Terms+of+Natural+Phenomena+and+the+Human+Response+to+It&rft.pub=John+Hunt+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-78099-450-5&rft.aulast=Booysen&rft.aufirst=Riaan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8WY-AQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrandCooper2009" class="citation book cs1">Brand, Peter Peter James; Cooper, Louise (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jXEj4dnhvKMC"><i>Causing His Name to Live: Studies in Egyptian Epigraphy and History in Memory of William J. Murnane</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17644-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17644-7"><bdi>978-90-04-17644-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/318869912">318869912</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Causing+His+Name+to+Live%3A+Studies+in+Egyptian+Epigraphy+and+History+in+Memory+of+William+J.+Murnane&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F318869912&rft.isbn=978-90-04-17644-7&rft.aulast=Brand&rft.aufirst=Peter+Peter+James&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Louise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjXEj4dnhvKMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBraun2012" class="citation book cs1">Braun, David (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o4-b4xc9X5cC&pg=PA221"><i>National Geographic Tales of the Weird: Unbelievable True Stories</i></a>. National Geographic Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4262-0965-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4262-0965-9"><bdi>978-1-4262-0965-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+Geographic+Tales+of+the+Weird%3A+Unbelievable+True+Stories&rft.pub=National+Geographic+Society&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4262-0965-9&rft.aulast=Braun&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do4-b4xc9X5cC%26pg%3DPA221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Booth" title="Charlotte Booth">Booth, Charlotte</a> (2007). <i>The Boy Behind the Mask: Meeting the Real Tutankhamun</i>. Oneworld. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85168-544-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85168-544-8"><bdi>978-1-85168-544-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/191804020">191804020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boy+Behind+the+Mask%3A+Meeting+the+Real+Tutankhamun&rft.pub=Oneworld&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F191804020&rft.isbn=978-1-85168-544-8&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChylaRosińska-BalikDebowska-Ludwin2017" class="citation book cs1">Chyla, Julia; Rosińska-Balik, Karolina; Debowska-Ludwin, Joanna (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6u4mDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA113"><i>Current Research in Egyptology 17</i></a>. Oxbow Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78570-603-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78570-603-5"><bdi>978-1-78570-603-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1029884966">1029884966</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Current+Research+in+Egyptology+17&rft.pub=Oxbow+Books&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1029884966&rft.isbn=978-1-78570-603-5&rft.aulast=Chyla&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.au=Rosi%C5%84ska-Balik%2C+Karolina&rft.au=Debowska-Ludwin%2C+Joanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6u4mDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClayton2006" class="citation book cs1">Clayton, Peter A. 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University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-23949-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-23949-4"><bdi>978-0-520-23949-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/705578614">705578614</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+to+Read+Egyptian+Hieroglyphs%3A+A+Step-by-step+Guide+to+Teach+Yourself&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F705578614&rft.isbn=978-0-520-23949-4&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Manley%2C+Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaroQ0Zrl8J4C%26pg%3DPA28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooneyJasnow2015" class="citation book cs1">Cooney, Kathlyn M.; Jasnow, Richard (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qgdPDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA219"><i>Joyful in Thebes: Egyptological Studies in Honor of Betsy M. Bryan</i></a>. Lockwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-937040-41-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-937040-41-3"><bdi>978-1-937040-41-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/960643348">960643348</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joyful+in+Thebes%3A+Egyptological+Studies+in+Honor+of+Betsy+M.+Bryan&rft.pub=Lockwood+Press&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F960643348&rft.isbn=978-1-937040-41-3&rft.aulast=Cooney&rft.aufirst=Kathlyn+M.&rft.au=Jasnow%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqgdPDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooney2018" class="citation book cs1">Cooney, Kara (30 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DmdDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA361"><i>When Women Ruled the World: Six Queens of Egypt</i></a>. National Geographic Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4262-1978-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4262-1978-8"><bdi>978-1-4262-1978-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1100619021">1100619021</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+Women+Ruled+the+World%3A+Six+Queens+of+Egypt&rft.pub=National+Geographic+Society&rft.date=2018-10-30&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1100619021&rft.isbn=978-1-4262-1978-8&rft.aulast=Cooney&rft.aufirst=Kara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDmdDDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarnellManassa2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Coleman_Darnell" title="John Coleman Darnell">Darnell, John Coleman</a>; <a href="/wiki/Colleen_Darnell" title="Colleen Darnell">Manassa, Colleen</a> (3 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7MvtJ2LbKgwC&pg=PA49"><i>Tutankhamun's Armies: Battle and Conquest During Ancient Egypt's Late Eighteenth Dynasty</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-74358-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-74358-3"><bdi>978-0-471-74358-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tutankhamun%27s+Armies%3A+Battle+and+Conquest+During+Ancient+Egypt%27s+Late+Eighteenth+Dynasty&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2007-08-03&rft.isbn=978-0-471-74358-3&rft.aulast=Darnell&rft.aufirst=John+Coleman&rft.au=Manassa%2C+Colleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7MvtJ2LbKgwC%26pg%3DPA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodson2009" class="citation book cs1">Dodson, Aidan (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9789774163043"><i>Amarna Sunset: Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb, and the Egyptian Counter-Reformation</i></a></span>. American University in Cairo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61797-050-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61797-050-4"><bdi>978-1-61797-050-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1055144573">1055144573</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amarna+Sunset%3A+Nefertiti%2C+Tutankhamun%2C+Ay%2C+Horemheb%2C+and+the+Egyptian+Counter-Reformation&rft.pub=American+University+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1055144573&rft.isbn=978-1-61797-050-4&rft.aulast=Dodson&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9789774163043&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodsonHilton2004" class="citation book cs1">Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completeroyalfam0000dods_f9x1/page/149/mode/1up"><i>The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt</i></a> (2010 paperback ed.). Thames & Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3"><bdi>978-0-500-28857-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Royal+Families+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.edition=2010+paperback&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-500-28857-3&rft.aulast=Dodson&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft.au=Hilton%2C+Dyan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompleteroyalfam0000dods_f9x1%2Fpage%2F149%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaton-Krauss2016" class="citation book cs1">Eaton-Krauss, Marianne (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7cuBCgAAQBAJ"><i>The Unknown Tutankhamun</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4725-7563-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4725-7563-0"><bdi>978-1-4725-7563-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1049775714">1049775714</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Unknown+Tutankhamun&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1049775714&rft.isbn=978-1-4725-7563-0&rft.aulast=Eaton-Krauss&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7cuBCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabolde2000" class="citation book cs1">Gabolde, Marc (2000). <i>D'Akhenaton à Toutânkhamon</i>. Université Lumière-Lyon 2, Institut d'archéologie et d'histoire de l'antiquité. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782911971020" title="Special:BookSources/9782911971020"><bdi>9782911971020</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/607262790">607262790</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=D%27Akhenaton+%C3%A0+Tout%C3%A2nkhamon&rft.pub=Universit%C3%A9+Lumi%C3%A8re-Lyon+2%2C+Institut+d%27arch%C3%A9ologie+et+d%27histoire+de+l%27antiquit%C3%A9&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F607262790&rft.isbn=9782911971020&rft.aulast=Gabolde&rft.aufirst=Marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGadIsmailFathallaKhairat2020" class="citation book cs1">Gad, Yehia; Ismail, Somaia; Fathalla, Dina; Khairat, Rabab; Fares, Suzan; Gad, Ahmed Zakaria; Saad, Rama; Moustafa, Amal; ElShahat, Eslam; Mandil, Naglaa; Fateen, Mohamed; Elleithy, Hisham; Wasef, Sally; Zink, Albert; Hawass, Zahi; Pusch, Carsten (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353306320">"Maternal and paternal lineages in King Tutankhamun's family"</a>. <i>Guardian of Ancient Egypt: Essays in Honor of Zahi Hawass</i>. Czech Institute of Egyptology. pp. 1–23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Maternal+and+paternal+lineages+in+King+Tutankhamun%27s+family&rft.btitle=Guardian+of+Ancient+Egypt%3A+Essays+in+Honor+of+Zahi+Hawass&rft.pages=1-23&rft.pub=Czech+Institute+of+Egyptology&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Gad&rft.aufirst=Yehia&rft.au=Ismail%2C+Somaia&rft.au=Fathalla%2C+Dina&rft.au=Khairat%2C+Rabab&rft.au=Fares%2C+Suzan&rft.au=Gad%2C+Ahmed+Zakaria&rft.au=Saad%2C+Rama&rft.au=Moustafa%2C+Amal&rft.au=ElShahat%2C+Eslam&rft.au=Mandil%2C+Naglaa&rft.au=Fateen%2C+Mohamed&rft.au=Elleithy%2C+Hisham&rft.au=Wasef%2C+Sally&rft.au=Zink%2C+Albert&rft.au=Hawass%2C+Zahi&rft.au=Pusch%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F353306320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbertHoltHudson1976" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert, Katherine Stoddert; Holt, Joan K.; Hudson, Sara, eds. (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/treasuresoftutan00edwa"><i>Treasures of Tutankhamun</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="The Metropolitan Museum of Art">The Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-156-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-156-1"><bdi>978-0-87099-156-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/865140073">865140073</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Treasures+of+Tutankhamun&rft.pub=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F865140073&rft.isbn=978-0-87099-156-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftreasuresoftutan00edwa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGundlachTaylor2009" class="citation book cs1">Gundlach, Rolf; Taylor, John H. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=onOdlJZZik0C&pg=PA160"><i>4. Symposium Zur Ägyptischen Königsideologie</i></a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-05888-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-447-05888-9"><bdi>978-3-447-05888-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/500749022">500749022</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=4.+Symposium+Zur+%C3%84gyptischen+K%C3%B6nigsideologie&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F500749022&rft.isbn=978-3-447-05888-9&rft.aulast=Gundlach&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rft.au=Taylor%2C+John+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DonOdlJZZik0C%26pg%3DPA160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFritze2016" class="citation book cs1">Fritze, Ronald H. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vkSkDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA240"><i>Egyptomania: A History of Fascination, Obsession and Fantasy</i></a>. Reaktion Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-685-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-685-8"><bdi>978-1-78023-685-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1010951566">1010951566</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Egyptomania%3A+A+History+of+Fascination%2C+Obsession+and+Fantasy&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1010951566&rft.isbn=978-1-78023-685-8&rft.aulast=Fritze&rft.aufirst=Ronald+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvkSkDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawass_et_al.2010" class="citation journal cs1">Hawass, Zahi; et al. (17 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leben-in-luxor.de/docs/Hawass_Ancestry_and_Pathology_joc05008_638_647.pdf">"Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/JAMA_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="JAMA (journal)">The Journal of the American Medical Association</a></i>. <b>303</b> (7): 638–647. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.2010.121">10.1001/jama.2010.121</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20159872">20159872</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Ancestry+and+Pathology+in+King+Tutankhamun%27s+Family&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=638-647&rft.date=2010-02-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Fjama.2010.121&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20159872&rft.aulast=Hawass&rft.aufirst=Zahi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leben-in-luxor.de%2Fdocs%2FHawass_Ancestry_and_Pathology_joc05008_638_647.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawass2004" class="citation book cs1">Hawass, Zahi (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goldenageoftutan0000hawa"><i>The Golden Age of Tutankhamun</i></a></span>. American Univ in Cairo Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goldenageoftutan0000hawa/page/56">56</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-977-424-836-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-977-424-836-8"><bdi>978-977-424-836-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/56358390">56358390</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Age+of+Tutankhamun&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=American+Univ+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F56358390&rft.isbn=978-977-424-836-8&rft.aulast=Hawass&rft.aufirst=Zahi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgoldenageoftutan0000hawa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawassSaleem2016" class="citation book cs1">Hawass, Zahi; Saleem, Sahar (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b4N9DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA89"><i>Scanning the Pharaohs: CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-977-416-673-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-977-416-673-0"><bdi>978-977-416-673-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1078493215">1078493215</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scanning+the+Pharaohs%3A+CT+Imaging+of+the+New+Kingdom+Royal+Mummies&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1078493215&rft.isbn=978-977-416-673-0&rft.aulast=Hawass&rft.aufirst=Zahi&rft.au=Saleem%2C+Sahar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db4N9DAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawassSaleem2011" class="citation journal cs1">Hawass, Zahi; Saleem, Sahar (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51736893">"Mummified Daughters of King Tutankhamun: Archeologic and CT Studies"</a>. <i>American Journal of Roentgenology</i>. <b>197</b> (5): W829–W836. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2214%2FAJR.11.6837">10.2214/AJR.11.6837</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0361-803X">0361-803X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22021529">22021529</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Roentgenology&rft.atitle=Mummified+Daughters+of+King+Tutankhamun%3A+Archeologic+and+CT+Studies&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=W829-W836&rft.date=2011&rft.issn=0361-803X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22021529&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2214%2FAJR.11.6837&rft.aulast=Hawass&rft.aufirst=Zahi&rft.au=Saleem%2C+Sahar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F51736893&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHornung1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Erik_Hornung" title="Erik Hornung">Hornung, Erik</a> (1999) [1995]. <i>Akhenaten and the Religion of Light</i>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-8725-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-8725-5"><bdi>978-0-8014-8725-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Akhenaten+and+the+Religion+of+Light&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-8725-5&rft.aulast=Hornung&rft.aufirst=Erik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoving2002" class="citation book cs1">Hoving, Thomas (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dfsMxxzHqQEC&pg=PA305"><i>Tutankhamun: The Untold Story</i></a>. Cooper Square Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4617-3214-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4617-3214-3"><bdi>978-1-4617-3214-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3965932">3965932</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tutankhamun%3A+The+Untold+Story&rft.pub=Cooper+Square+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3965932&rft.isbn=978-1-4617-3214-3&rft.aulast=Hoving&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdfsMxxzHqQEC%26pg%3DPA305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIkram2022" class="citation journal cs1">Ikram, Salima (2022). "The Most Famous Mummy of All is Nebkheperure Tutankhamen's". <i>KMT: A Modern Journal of Ancient Egypt</i>. <b>33</b> (2): 10–21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=KMT%3A+A+Modern+Journal+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.atitle=The+Most+Famous+Mummy+of+All+is+Nebkheperure+Tutankhamen%27s&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=10-21&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Ikram&rft.aufirst=Salima&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/T._G._H._James" title="T. G. H. James">James, T. G. H.</a> (2000). <i>Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, Second Edition</i>. I. B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-615-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-615-7"><bdi>978-1-86064-615-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Howard+Carter%3A+The+Path+to+Tutankhamun%2C+Second+Edition&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-86064-615-7&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=T.+G.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozma2008" class="citation journal cs1">Kozma, Chahira (2008). "Skeletal dysplasia in ancient Egypt". <i>American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A</i>. <b>146A</b> (23): 3104–3112. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fajmg.a.32501">10.1002/ajmg.a.32501</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1552-4825">1552-4825</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19006207">19006207</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20360474">20360474</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Medical+Genetics+Part+A&rft.atitle=Skeletal+dysplasia+in+ancient+Egypt&rft.volume=146A&rft.issue=23&rft.pages=3104-3112&rft.date=2008&rft.issn=1552-4825&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20360474%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19006207&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajmg.a.32501&rft.aulast=Kozma&rft.aufirst=Chahira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeprohon2013" class="citation book cs1">Leprohon, Ronald J. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1H3JAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA206"><i>The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary</i></a>. SBL Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-736-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-736-2"><bdi>978-1-58983-736-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Name%3A+Ancient+Egyptian+Royal+Titulary&rft.pub=SBL+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-58983-736-2&rft.aulast=Leprohon&rft.aufirst=Ronald+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1H3JAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackowiak2013" class="citation book cs1">Mackowiak, Philip A. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8bodAAAAQBAJ&pg=PP17"><i>Diagnosing Giants: Solving the Medical Mysteries of Thirteen Patients Who Changed the World</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-936114-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-936114-4"><bdi>978-0-19-936114-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diagnosing+Giants%3A+Solving+the+Medical+Mysteries+of+Thirteen+Patients+Who+Changed+the+World&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-19-936114-4&rft.aulast=Mackowiak&rft.aufirst=Philip+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8bodAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPP17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarchant2010" class="citation news cs1">Marchant, Jo (25 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn19094-tutankhamen-killed-by-sickle-cell-disease/">"Tutankhamen 'killed by sickle-cell disease'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>New Scientist</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-48857-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-48857-5"><bdi>978-1-134-48857-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/60448544">60448544</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Egyptians%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004-11-10&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F60448544&rft.isbn=978-1-134-48857-5&rft.aulast=Morkot&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpHOBAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNici2015" class="citation book cs1">Nici, John (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8J5ZCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA31"><i>Famous Works of Art—And How They Got That Way</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-4955-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-4955-4"><bdi>978-1-4422-4955-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1035635529">1035635529</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Famous+Works+of+Art%E2%80%94And+How+They+Got+That+Way&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1035635529&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-4955-4&rft.aulast=Nici&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8J5ZCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsingDreyer1987" class="citation book cs1">Osing, Jürgen; Dreyer, Günter (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rvIsnla_1nwC"><i>Form und Mass: Beiträge zur Literatur, Sprache und Kunst des alten Ägypten : Festschrift für Gerhard Fecht zum 65. Geburtstag am 6. Februar 1987</i></a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-02704-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-447-02704-5"><bdi>978-3-447-02704-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Form+und+Mass%3A+Beitr%C3%A4ge+zur+Literatur%2C+Sprache+und+Kunst+des+alten+%C3%84gypten+%3A+Festschrift+f%C3%BCr+Gerhard+Fecht+zum+65.+Geburtstag+am+6.+Februar+1987&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-3-447-02704-5&rft.aulast=Osing&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BCrgen&rft.au=Dreyer%2C+G%C3%BCnter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrvIsnla_1nwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedford2003" class="citation book cs1">Redford, Donald B. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ByPEPAAACAAJ"><i>The Oxford Essential Guide to Egyptian Mythology</i></a>. Berkley Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-425-19096-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-425-19096-8"><bdi>978-0-425-19096-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Essential+Guide+to+Egyptian+Mythology&rft.pub=Berkley+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-425-19096-8&rft.aulast=Redford&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DByPEPAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReeves1990" class="citation book cs1">Reeves, Carl Nicholas (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completetutankha00reev"><i>The Complete Tutankhamun: The King, the Tomb, the Royal Treasure</i></a></span>. Thames and Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-27810-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-27810-9"><bdi>978-0-500-27810-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1104938097">1104938097</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Tutankhamun%3A+The+King%2C+the+Tomb%2C+the+Royal+Treasure&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1104938097&rft.isbn=978-0-500-27810-9&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=Carl+Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompletetutankha00reev&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReeves2015" class="citation journal cs1">Reeves, Nicholas (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/7415055">"Tutankhamun's Mask Reconsidered (2015)"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar</i>. <b>19</b>: 511–526<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2019</span> – via Academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Egyptological+Seminar&rft.atitle=Tutankhamun%27s+Mask+Reconsidered+%282015%29&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=511-526&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F7415055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReevesWilkinson1996" class="citation book cs1">Reeves, Nicholas; Wilkinson, Richard H. (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completevalleyof0000reev"><i>The Complete Valley of the Kings</i></a></span>. London: Thames and Hudson. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/809290016">809290016</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Valley+of+the+Kings&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F809290016&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.au=Wilkinson%2C+Richard+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompletevalleyof0000reev&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRidley2019" class="citation book cs1">Ridley, Ronald T. (2019). <i>Akhenaten: A Historian's View</i>. Cairo and New York: The American University in Cairo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-977-416-793-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-977-416-793-5"><bdi>978-977-416-793-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/8993387156">8993387156</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Akhenaten%3A+A+Historian%27s+View&rft.place=Cairo+and+New+York&rft.pub=The+American+University+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F8993387156&rft.isbn=978-977-416-793-5&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Ronald+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiggs2018" class="citation book cs1">Riggs, Christina (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M5V9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT31"><i>Photographing Tutankhamun: Archaeology, Ancient Egypt, and the Archive</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-350-03853-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-350-03853-0"><bdi>978-1-350-03853-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1114957945">1114957945</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Photographing+Tutankhamun%3A+Archaeology%2C+Ancient+Egypt%2C+and+the+Archive&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1114957945&rft.isbn=978-1-350-03853-0&rft.aulast=Riggs&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM5V9DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2006" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, Peter (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Krh7n9AyS40C&pg=PA187"><i>HSC Ancient History</i></a>. Pascal Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74125-179-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74125-179-1"><bdi>978-1-74125-179-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/225398561">225398561</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=HSC+Ancient+History&rft.pub=Pascal+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F225398561&rft.isbn=978-1-74125-179-1&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKrh7n9AyS40C%26pg%3DPA187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiggs2021" class="citation book cs1">Riggs, Christina (2021). <i>Treasured: How Tutankhamun Shaped a Century</i>. PublicAffairs. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5417-0121-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5417-0121-2"><bdi>978-1-5417-0121-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Treasured%3A+How+Tutankhamun+Shaped+a+Century&rft.pub=PublicAffairs&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-5417-0121-2&rft.aulast=Riggs&rft.aufirst=Christina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson2009" class="citation book cs1">Robinson, Andrew (27 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KRsUDAAAQBAJ"><i>Writing and Script: A Very Short Introduction</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 90–91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-956778-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-956778-2"><bdi>978-0-19-956778-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/654777745">654777745</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Writing+and+Script%3A+A+Very+Short+Introduction&rft.pages=90-91&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009-08-27&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F654777745&rft.isbn=978-0-19-956778-2&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKRsUDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTawfikThomasHegenbarth-Reichardt2018" class="citation journal cs1">Tawfik, Tarek; Thomas, Susanna; Hegenbarth-Reichardt, Ina (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/44790548">"New Evidence for Tutankhamun's Parents: Revelations from the Grand Egyptian Museum"</a>. <i>Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo</i>. <b>74</b>: 179–195<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitteilungen+des+Deutschen+Arch%C3%A4ologischen+Instituts%2C+Abteilung+Kairo&rft.atitle=New+Evidence+for+Tutankhamun%27s+Parents%3A+Revelations+from+the+Grand+Egyptian+Museum&rft.volume=74&rft.pages=179-195&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Tawfik&rft.aufirst=Tarek&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Susanna&rft.au=Hegenbarth-Reichardt%2C+Ina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F44790548&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2018" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Jason (2018). <i>Wonderful Things: A History of Egyptology, 3. From 1914 to the Twenty-First Century</i>. American University in Cairo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-977-416-760-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-977-416-760-7"><bdi>978-977-416-760-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wonderful+Things%3A+A+History+of+Egyptology%2C+3.+From+1914+to+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pub=American+University+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-977-416-760-7&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Jason&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimmannMeyer2010" class="citation journal cs1">Timmann, Christian; Meyer, Christian G. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3156.2010.02614.x">"Malaria, mummies, mutations: Tutankhamun's archaeological autopsy"</a>. <i>Tropical Medicine & International Health</i>. <b>15</b> (11): 1278–1280. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3156.2010.02614.x">10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02614.x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1365-3156">1365-3156</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20723182">20723182</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9019947">9019947</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tropical+Medicine+%26+International+Health&rft.atitle=Malaria%2C+mummies%2C+mutations%3A+Tutankhamun%27s+archaeological+autopsy&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1278-1280&rft.date=2010&rft.issn=1365-3156&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A9019947%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20723182&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-3156.2010.02614.x&rft.aulast=Timmann&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Christian+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1365-3156.2010.02614.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTyldesley2012" class="citation book cs1">Tyldesley, Joyce (2012). <i>Tutankhamen: The Search for an Egyptian King</i>. Basic Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-465-02020-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-465-02020-1"><bdi>978-0-465-02020-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tutankhamen%3A+The+Search+for+an+Egyptian+King&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-465-02020-1&rft.aulast=Tyldesley&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalshe1973" class="citation journal cs1">Walshe, J.M. (January 1973). "Tutankhamun: Klinefelter's Or Wilson's?". <i>The Lancet</i>. <b>301</b> (7794): 109–110. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2873%2990516-3">10.1016/S0140-6736(73)90516-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4118642">4118642</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Lancet&rft.atitle=Tutankhamun%3A+Klinefelter%27s+Or+Wilson%27s%3F&rft.volume=301&rft.issue=7794&rft.pages=109-110&rft.date=1973-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2873%2990516-3&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F4118642&rft.aulast=Walshe&rft.aufirst=J.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamson2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Williamson, Jacquelyn (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77s6r0zr">"Amarna Period"</a>. In Wendrich, Willeke (ed.). <i>UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology</i>. Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures, UC Los Angeles.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Amarna+Period&rft.btitle=UCLA+Encyclopedia+of+Egyptology&rft.pub=Department+of+Near+Eastern+Languages+and+Cultures%2C+UC+Los+Angeles&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=Jacquelyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.org%2Fuc%2Fitem%2F77s6r0zr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinstone2006" class="citation book cs1">Winstone, H. V. F. (2006). <i>Howard Carter and the Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun, Revised Edition</i>. Barzan Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-905521-04-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-905521-04-3"><bdi>978-1-905521-04-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Howard+Carter+and+the+Discovery+of+the+Tomb+of+Tutankhamun%2C+Revised+Edition&rft.pub=Barzan+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-905521-04-3&rft.aulast=Winstone&rft.aufirst=H.+V.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZivie1998" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zivie, A. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_1998_num_142_1_15830">"La nourrice royale Maïa et ses voisins: cinq tombeaux du Nouvel Empire récemment découverts à Saqqara"</a>. <i>Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres</i> (in French). <b>142</b> (1).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comptes+rendus+des+s%C3%A9ances+de+l%27Acad%C3%A9mie+des+Inscriptions+et+Belles-Lettres&rft.atitle=La+nourrice+royale+Ma%C3%AFa+et+ses+voisins%3A+cinq+tombeaux+du+Nouvel+Empire+r%C3%A9cemment+d%C3%A9couverts+%C3%A0+Saqqara&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=1&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Zivie&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fdoc%2Fcrai_0065-0536_1998_num_142_1_15830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATutankhamun" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li>Andritsos, John. <i>Social Studies of Ancient Egypt: Tutankhamun</i>. Australia 2006.</li> <li>Brier, Bob. <i>The Murder of Tutankhamun: A True Story</i>. Putnam Adult, 13 April 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-425-16689-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-425-16689-9">0-425-16689-9</a> (paperback), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-399-14383-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-399-14383-1">0-399-14383-1</a> (hardcover), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-613-28967-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-613-28967-6">0-613-28967-6</a> (School & Library Binding).</li> <li>Carter, Howard and Arthur C. Mace, <i>The Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun</i>. Courier Dover Publications, 1 June 1977, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-486-23500-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-486-23500-9">0-486-23500-9</a> The semi-popular account of the discovery and opening of the tomb written by the archaeologist responsible.</li> <li>Desroches-Noblecourt, Christiane. Sarwat Okasha (Preface), <i>Tutankhamun: Life and Death of a Pharaoh</i>. New York: New York Graphic Society, 1963, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8212-0151-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8212-0151-4">0-8212-0151-4</a> (1976 reprint, hardcover), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-011665-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-011665-6">0-14-011665-6</a> (1990 reprint, paperback).</li> <li>Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities, <i>The Mummy of Tutankhamun: The CT Scan Report</i>, as printed in <i>Ancient Egypt</i>, June/July 2005.</li> <li>Haag, Michael. <i>The Rough Guide to Tutankhamun: The King: The Treasure: The Dynasty</i>. London 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84353-554-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-84353-554-8">1-84353-554-8</a>.</li> <li>Hoving, Thomas. <i>The Search for Tutankhamun: The Untold Story of Adventure and Intrigue Surrounding the Greatest Modern archeological find</i>. New York: Simon & Schuster, 15 October 1978, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-24305-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-24305-5">0-671-24305-5</a> (hardcover), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8154-1186-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8154-1186-3">0-8154-1186-3</a> (paperback) This book details a number of anecdotes about the discovery and excavation of the tomb.</li> <li>James, T. G. H. <i>Tutankhamun</i>. New York: Friedman/Fairfax, 1 September 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58663-032-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-58663-032-6">1-58663-032-6</a> (hardcover) A large-format volume by the former Keeper of Egyptian Antiquities at the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>, filled with colour illustrations of the funerary furnishings of Tutankhamun, and related objects.</li> <li>Neubert, Otto. <i>Tutankhamun and the Valley of the Kings</i>. London: Granada Publishing Limited, 1972, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-583-12141-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-583-12141-1">0-583-12141-1</a> (paperback) First hand account of the discovery of the Tomb.</li> <li>Rossi, Renzo. <i>Tutankhamun</i>. Cincinnati (Ohio) 2007 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7153-2763-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7153-2763-0">978-0-7153-2763-0</a>, a work all illustrated and coloured.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tutankhamun" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>Tutankhamun</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Tutankhamun&library=OLBP">Online books</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Tutankhamun">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Tutankhamun&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7209472.stm">Grim secrets of Pharaoh's city</a>—<a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kingtut.org/">Tutankhamun and the Age of the Golden Pharaohs website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104090745/http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/t/tutankhamun,_king_of_egypt.aspx">British Museum Tutankhamun highlight</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/britain-tutankhamun-dna-idAFL3E7J135P20110801">"Swiss geneticists examine Tutankhamun's genetic profile"</a> by <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/ultimate-tut-watch-the-full-episode/1049/">Ultimate Tut</a> Documentary produced by the <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> Series <i><a href="/wiki/Secrets_of_the_Dead" title="Secrets of the Dead">Secrets of the Dead</a></i></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tutankhamun" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tutankhamun" title="Template:Tutankhamun"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tutankhamun" title="Template talk:Tutankhamun"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tutankhamun" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tutankhamun"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tutankhamun" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tutankhamun</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Younger_Lady" title="The Younger Lady">"The Younger Lady" (mother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun (wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/317a_and_317b_mummies" title="317a and 317b mummies">317a and 317b mummies (daughters)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III (grandfather)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye (grandmother)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tutanhkamun_innermost_coffin.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mask on Tutankhamun's innermost coffin"><img alt="Mask on Tutankhamun's innermost coffin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Tutanhkamun_innermost_coffin.jpg/140px-Tutanhkamun_innermost_coffin.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Tutanhkamun_innermost_coffin.jpg/210px-Tutanhkamun_innermost_coffin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Tutanhkamun_innermost_coffin.jpg/280px-Tutanhkamun_innermost_coffin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artifacts and<br />exhibitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mask_of_Tutankhamun" title="Mask of Tutankhamun">Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_mummy" title="Tutankhamun's mummy">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anubis_Shrine" title="Anubis Shrine">Anubis Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_of_Nefertem" title="Head of Nefertem">Head of Nefertem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_chalice" title="Lotus chalice">Lotus chalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_trumpets" title="Tutankhamun's trumpets">Trumpets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun%27s_meteoric_iron_dagger" title="Tutankhamun's meteoric iron dagger">Meteoric iron dagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chariots_of_Tutankhamun" title="Chariots of Tutankhamun">Chariots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exhibitions_of_artifacts_from_the_tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Exhibitions of artifacts from the tomb of Tutankhamun">Exhibitions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Tomb of Tutankhamun">Tomb</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_the_tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun">Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Carter" title="Howard Carter">Howard Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Herbert,_5th_Earl_of_Carnarvon" title="George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon">Earl of Carnarvon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Burton_(Egyptologist)" title="Harry Burton (Egyptologist)">Harry Burton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Callender" title="Arthur Callender">Arthur Callender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Evelyn_Beauchamp" title="Lady Evelyn Beauchamp">Lady Evelyn Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lucas_(chemist)" title="Alfred Lucas (chemist)">Alfred Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Lythgoe" title="Albert Lythgoe">Albert Lythgoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cruttenden_Mace" title="Arthur Cruttenden Mace">Arthur Mace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Of_Time,_Tombs_and_Treasures" title="Of Time, Tombs and Treasures"><i>Of Time, Tombs and Treasures</i> (1977 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Curse_of_King_Tut%27s_Tomb_(1980_film)" title="The Curse of King Tut's Tomb (1980 film)"><i>The Curse of King Tut's Tomb</i> (1980 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Egypt" title="Mysteries of Egypt"><i>Mysteries of Egypt</i> (1998 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutenstein" title="Tutenstein"><i>Tutenstein</i> (2003 series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt_(TV_series)" title="Egypt (TV series)"><i>Egypt</i> (2005 TV series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Curse_of_King_Tut%27s_Tomb_(2006_film)" title="The Curse of King Tut's Tomb (2006 film)"><i>The Curse of King Tut's Tomb</i> (2006 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tut_(miniseries)" title="Tut (miniseries)"><i>Tut</i> (2015 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun_(TV_series)" title="Tutankhamun (TV series)"><i>Tutankhamun</i> (2016 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Tut_(song)" title="King Tut (song)">Steve Martin song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_of_the_pharaohs" title="Curse of the pharaohs">Curse of the pharaohs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Amarna_Period" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Amarna_Period" title="Template:Amarna Period"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Amarna_Period" title="Template talk:Amarna Period"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Amarna_Period" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Amarna Period"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Amarna_Period" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pharaohs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tutankhamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Akhenaten,_Nefertiri_and_three_daughers_beneath_the_Aten_-_Neues_Museum_-_Berlin_-_Germany_2017_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Akhenaten%2C_Nefertiri_and_three_daughers_beneath_the_Aten_-_Neues_Museum_-_Berlin_-_Germany_2017_%28cropped%29.jpg/155px-Akhenaten%2C_Nefertiri_and_three_daughers_beneath_the_Aten_-_Neues_Museum_-_Berlin_-_Germany_2017_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Akhenaten%2C_Nefertiri_and_three_daughers_beneath_the_Aten_-_Neues_Museum_-_Berlin_-_Germany_2017_%28cropped%29.jpg/233px-Akhenaten%2C_Nefertiri_and_three_daughers_beneath_the_Aten_-_Neues_Museum_-_Berlin_-_Germany_2017_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Akhenaten%2C_Nefertiri_and_three_daughers_beneath_the_Aten_-_Neues_Museum_-_Berlin_-_Germany_2017_%28cropped%29.jpg/310px-Akhenaten%2C_Nefertiri_and_three_daughers_beneath_the_Aten_-_Neues_Museum_-_Berlin_-_Germany_2017_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3994" data-file-height="3303" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiya" title="Kiya">Kiya</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Younger_Lady" title="The Younger Lady">The Younger Lady</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tey" title="Tey">Tey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meritaten" title="Meritaten">Meritaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meketaten" title="Meketaten">Meketaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten_Tasherit" title="Neferneferuaten Tasherit">Neferneferuaten Tasherit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferneferure" title="Neferneferure">Neferneferure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setepenre_(princess)" title="Setepenre (princess)">Setepenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritaten_Tasherit" title="Meritaten Tasherit">Meritaten Tasherit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankhesenpaaten_Tasherit" title="Ankhesenpaaten Tasherit">Ankhesenpaaten Tasherit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Nobles</li><li>Officials</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aperel" title="Aperel">Aperel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bek_(sculptor)" title="Bek (sculptor)">Bek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huya_(noble)" title="Huya (noble)">Huya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipy_(noble)" title="Ipy (noble)">Ipy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahu_(noble)" title="Mahu (noble)">Mahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maia_(nurse)" title="Maia (nurse)">Maia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_(noble)" title="May (noble)">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryneith" title="Meryneith">Meryneith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryre" title="Meryre">Meryre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryre_II" title="Meryre II">Meryre II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutbenret" title="Mutbenret">Mutbenret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhtpaaten" title="Nakhtpaaten">Nakhtpaaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkheperu-her-sekheper" title="Neferkheperu-her-sekheper">Neferkheperuhersekheper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paatenemheb" title="Paatenemheb">Paatenemheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panehesy" title="Panehesy">Panehesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parennefer" title="Parennefer">Parennefer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthu" title="Penthu">Penthu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramose_(TT55)" title="Ramose (TT55)">Ramose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_(sculptor)" title="Thutmose (sculptor)">Thutmose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarna" title="Amarna">Akhetaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Amenhotep_IV" title="Temple of Amenhotep IV">Karnak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KV55" title="KV55">KV55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KV62" class="mw-redirect" title="KV62">KV62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombs_of_the_Nobles_(Amarna)" title="Tombs of the Nobles (Amarna)">Amarna Tombs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letters" title="Amarna letters">Amarna letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_succession" title="Amarna succession">Amarna succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakhamunzu" title="Dakhamunzu">Dakhamunzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_art" title="Amarna art">Amarna Art Style</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pharaohs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pharaohs" title="Template:Pharaohs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pharaohs" title="Template talk:Pharaohs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pharaohs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pharaohs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pharaohs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaohs</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Protodynastic_to_First_Intermediate_Period_(" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Naqada_III" title="Naqada III">Protodynastic</a> to <a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="First Intermediate Period of Egypt">First Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> (<3150–2040 BC)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Naqada_III" title="Naqada III">Protodynastic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(pre-3150 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Egypt" title="Lower Egypt">Lower</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hedju_Hor" title="Hedju Hor">Hedju Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny-Hor" title="Ny-Hor">Ny-Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ni-Neith" title="Ni-Neith">Ni-Neith</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hat-Hor" class="mw-redirect" title="Hat-Hor">Hat-Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pu_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pu (pharaoh)">Pu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hsekiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsekiu">Hsekiu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khayu" class="mw-redirect" title="Khayu">Khayu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiu_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiu (pharaoh)">Tiu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Thesh">Thesh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neheb" class="mw-redirect" title="Neheb">Neheb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wazner" class="mw-redirect" title="Wazner">Wazner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mekh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mekh">Mekh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Falcon" title="Double Falcon">Double Falcon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wash_(pharaoh)" title="Wash (pharaoh)">Wash</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_(pharaoh)" title="A (pharaoh)">A</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Finger_Snail" title="Finger Snail">Finger Snail</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fish_(pharaoh)" title="Fish (pharaoh)">Fish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_(pharaoh)" title="Elephant (pharaoh)">Elephant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stork_(pharaoh)" title="Stork (pharaoh)">Stork</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bull_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bull (pharaoh)">Bull</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scorpion_I" title="Scorpion I">Scorpion I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_(pharaoh)" title="Crocodile (pharaoh)">Crocodile</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iry-Hor" title="Iry-Hor">Iry-Hor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka_(pharaoh)" title="Ka (pharaoh)">Ka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scorpion_II" title="Scorpion II">Scorpion II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer">Narmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menes" title="Menes">Menes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Early_Dynastic_Period_(Egypt)" title="Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)">Early Dynastic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(3150–2686 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="First Dynasty of Egypt">I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer">Narmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menes" title="Menes">Menes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hor-Aha" title="Hor-Aha">Hor-Aha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djer" title="Djer">Djer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djet" title="Djet">Djet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_(pharaoh)" title="Den (pharaoh)">Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anedjib" title="Anedjib">Anedjib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semerkhet" title="Semerkhet">Semerkhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qa%27a" title="Qa'a">Qa'a</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sneferka" title="Sneferka">Sneferka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horus_Bird_(Pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Horus Bird (Pharaoh)">Horus Bird</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Second Dynasty of Egypt">II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotepsekhemwy" title="Hotepsekhemwy">Hotepsekhemwy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebra_(Pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebra (Pharaoh)">Nebra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nynetjer" title="Nynetjer">Nynetjer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ba_(pharaoh)" title="Ba (pharaoh)">Ba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nubnefer" title="Nubnefer">Nubnefer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horus_Sa" title="Horus Sa">Horus Sa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weneg_(pharaoh)" title="Weneg (pharaoh)">Weneg-Nebty</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wadjenes" title="Wadjenes">Wadjenes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senedj" title="Senedj">Senedj</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth-Peribsen" title="Seth-Peribsen">Seth-Peribsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemib-Perenmaat" title="Sekhemib-Perenmaat">Sekhemib-Perenmaat</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferkara_I" title="Neferkara I">Neferkara I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferkasokar" title="Neferkasokar">Neferkasokar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hudjefa_I" title="Hudjefa I">Hudjefa I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasekhemwy" title="Khasekhemwy">Khasekhemwy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Old Kingdom of Egypt">Old Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2686–2181 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Third Dynasty of Egypt">III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djoser" title="Djoser">Djoser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemkhet" title="Sekhemkhet">Sekhemkhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanakht" title="Sanakht">Sanakht</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nebka" title="Nebka">Nebka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaba" title="Khaba">Khaba</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sedjes" title="Sedjes">Sedjes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qahedjet" title="Qahedjet">Qahedjet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huni" title="Huni">Huni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt">IV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sneferu" title="Sneferu">Snefru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu">Khufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedefre" title="Djedefre">Djedefre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khafre" title="Khafre">Khafre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bikheris" title="Bikheris">Bikheris</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkaure" title="Menkaure">Menkaure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepseskaf" title="Shepseskaf">Shepseskaf</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thamphthis" title="Thamphthis">Thamphthis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifth Dynasty of Egypt">V</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Userkaf" title="Userkaf">Userkaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahure" title="Sahure">Sahure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferirkare_Kakai" title="Neferirkare Kakai">Neferirkare Kakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferefre" title="Neferefre">Neferefre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepseskare" title="Shepseskare">Shepseskare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyuserre_Ini" title="Nyuserre Ini">Nyuserre Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkauhor_Kaiu" title="Menkauhor Kaiu">Menkauhor Kaiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkare_Isesi" title="Djedkare Isesi">Djedkare Isesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unas" title="Unas">Unas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixth Dynasty of Egypt">VI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teti" title="Teti">Teti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Userkare" title="Userkare">Userkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepi_I_Meryre" title="Pepi I Meryre">Pepi I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenre_Nemtyemsaf_I" title="Merenre Nemtyemsaf I">Merenre Nemtyemsaf I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepi_II_Neferkare" title="Pepi II Neferkare">Pepi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenre_Nemtyemsaf_II" title="Merenre Nemtyemsaf II">Merenre Nemtyemsaf II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netjerkare_Siptah" title="Netjerkare Siptah">Netjerkare Siptah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferka" title="Neferka">Neferka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nefer#Pharaoh" title="Nefer">Nefer</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="First Intermediate Period of Egypt">1<sup>st</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2181–2040 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventh Dynasty of Egypt">VII</a>/<a href="/wiki/Eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighth Dynasty of Egypt">VIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menkare" title="Menkare">Menkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_II" title="Neferkare II">Neferkare II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Neby" title="Neferkare Neby">Neferkare III Neby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkare_Shemai" title="Djedkare Shemai">Djedkare Shemai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Khendu" title="Neferkare Khendu">Neferkare IV Khendu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenhor" title="Merenhor">Merenhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkamin" title="Neferkamin">Neferkamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikare" title="Nikare">Nikare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Tereru" title="Neferkare Tereru">Neferkare V Tereru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkahor" title="Neferkahor">Neferkahor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Pepiseneb" title="Neferkare Pepiseneb">Neferkare VI Pepiseneb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkamin_Anu" title="Neferkamin Anu">Neferkamin Anu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qakare_Ibi" title="Qakare Ibi">Qakare Iby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkaure" title="Neferkaure">Neferkaure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkauhor" title="Neferkauhor">Neferkauhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferirkare" title="Neferirkare">Neferirkare</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wadjkare" title="Wadjkare">Wadjkare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khuiqer" title="Khuiqer">Khuiqer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khui" title="Khui">Khui</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iytjenu" title="Iytjenu">Iytjenu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Ninth Dynasty of Egypt">IX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meryibre_Khety" title="Meryibre Khety">Meryibre Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare,_ninth_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Neferkare, ninth dynasty">Neferkare VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebkaure_Khety" title="Nebkaure Khety">Nebkaure Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setut" title="Setut">Setut</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imhotep_(pharaoh)" title="Imhotep (pharaoh)">Imhotep</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Tenth Dynasty of Egypt">X</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meryhathor" title="Meryhathor">Meryhathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_VIII" title="Neferkare VIII">Neferkare VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahkare_Khety" title="Wahkare Khety">Wahkare Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merikare" title="Merikare">Merykare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Middle_Kingdom_and_Second_Intermediate_Period_(2040–1550_BC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">Second Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> (2040–1550 BC)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2040–1802 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt">XI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_I" title="Mentuhotep I">Mentuhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_I" title="Intef I">Intef I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_II" title="Intef II">Intef II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_III" title="Intef III">Intef III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_II" title="Mentuhotep II">Mentuhotep II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_III" title="Mentuhotep III">Mentuhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_IV" title="Mentuhotep IV">Mentuhotep IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em">Nubia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Segerseni" title="Segerseni">Segerseni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qakare_Ini" title="Qakare Ini">Qakare Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyibkhentre" title="Iyibkhentre">Iyibkhentre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt">XII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I">Amenemhat I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_II" title="Amenemhat II">Amenemhat II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_II" title="Senusret II">Senusret II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_III" title="Senusret III">Senusret III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_III" title="Amenemhat III">Amenemhat III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_IV" title="Amenemhat IV">Amenemhat IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekneferu" title="Sobekneferu">Sobekneferu</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seankhibtawy_Seankhibra" title="Seankhibtawy Seankhibra">Seankhibtawy Seankhibra</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">2<sup>nd</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1802–1550 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre_Khutawy_Sobekhotep" title="Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep">Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonbef" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonbef">Sonbef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerikare" title="Nerikare">Nerikare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemkare" title="Sekhemkare">Sekhemkare Amenemhat V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameny_Qemau" title="Ameny Qemau">Ameny Qemau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotepibre" title="Hotepibre">Hotepibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iufni" title="Iufni">Iufni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhet_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Amenemhet VI">Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semenkare_Nebnuni" title="Semenkare Nebnuni">Semenkare Nebnuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehetepibre" title="Sehetepibre">Sehetepibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare" title="Sewadjkare">Sewadjkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedjemibre" title="Nedjemibre">Nedjemibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaankhre_Sobekhotep" title="Khaankhre Sobekhotep">Khaankhre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renseneb" title="Renseneb">Renseneb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hor" title="Hor">Hor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemrekhutawy_Khabaw" title="Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw">Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkheperew" title="Djedkheperew">Djedkheperew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebkay" title="Sebkay">Sebkay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedjefakare" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedjefakare">Sedjefakare</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wegaf" title="Wegaf">Wegaf</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khendjer" title="Khendjer">Khendjer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imyremeshaw" title="Imyremeshaw">Imyremeshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehetepkare_Intef" title="Sehetepkare Intef">Sehetepkare Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Meribre" title="Seth Meribre">Seth Meribre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_III" title="Sobekhotep III">Sobekhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferhotep_I" title="Neferhotep I">Neferhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihathor" title="Sihathor">Sihathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_IV" title="Sobekhotep IV">Sobekhotep IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merhotepre_Sobekhotep" title="Merhotepre Sobekhotep">Merhotepre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Sobekhotep VI">Khahotepre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahibre_Ibiau" title="Wahibre Ibiau">Wahibre Ibiau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merneferre_Ay" title="Merneferre Ay">Merneferre Ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merhotepre_Ini" title="Merhotepre Ini">Merhotepre Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankhenre_Sewadjtu" title="Sankhenre Sewadjtu">Sankhenre Sewadjtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersekhemre_Ined" title="Mersekhemre Ined">Mersekhemre Ined</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare_Hori" title="Sewadjkare Hori">Sewadjkare Hori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkawre_Sobekhotep" title="Merkawre Sobekhotep">Merkawre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mershepsesre_Ini_II" title="Mershepsesre Ini II">Mershepsesre Ini II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewahenre_Senebmiu" title="Sewahenre Senebmiu">Sewahenre Senebmiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkheperre" title="Merkheperre">Merkheperre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkare" title="Merkare">Merkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjare_Mentuhotep" title="Sewadjare Mentuhotep">Sewadjare Mentuhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seheqenre_Sankhptahi" title="Seheqenre Sankhptahi">Seheqenre Sankhptahi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakbim_Sekhaenre" title="Yakbim Sekhaenre">Yakbim Sekhaenre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ya%27ammu_Nubwoserre" title="Ya'ammu Nubwoserre">Ya'ammu Nubwoserre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qareh" class="mw-redirect" title="Qareh">Qareh Khawoserre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aahotepre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aahotepre">'Ammu Ahotepre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sheshi" title="Sheshi">Maaibre Sheshi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehesy" title="Nehesy">Nehesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakherewre" class="mw-redirect" title="Khakherewre">Khakherewre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebefawre" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebefawre">Nebefawre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehebre" title="Sehebre">Sehebre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merdjefare" title="Merdjefare">Merdjefare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare_III" title="Sewadjkare III">Sewadjkare III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebdjefare" title="Nebdjefare">Nebdjefare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebsenre" title="Nebsenre">Nebsenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekheperenre" title="Sekheperenre">Sekheperenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebnum" title="Bebnum">Bebnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Apepi" title="'Apepi">'Apepi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nuya" title="Nuya">Nuya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wazad" title="Wazad">Wazad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sheneh_(pharaoh)" title="Sheneh (pharaoh)">Sheneh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shenshek" title="Shenshek">Shenshek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khamure" title="Khamure">Khamure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakareb" title="Yakareb">Yakareb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yaqub-Har" title="Yaqub-Har">Yaqub-Har</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sharek" title="Sharek">Sharek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Semqen" title="Semqen">Semqen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aperanat" title="Aperanat">'Aper-'Anati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salitis" title="Salitis">Salitis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakir-Har" title="Sakir-Har">Sakir-Har</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khyan" title="Khyan">Khyan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yanassi" title="Yanassi">Yanassi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apepi" title="Apepi">Apepi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamudi" title="Khamudi">Khamudi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djehuti" class="mw-redirect" title="Djehuti">Djehuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_VIII" title="Sobekhotep VIII">Sobekhotep VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferhotep_III" title="Neferhotep III">Neferhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seankhenre_Mentuhotepi" title="Seankhenre Mentuhotepi">Mentuhotepi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebiryraw_I" title="Nebiryraw I">Nebiryraw I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebiriau_II" title="Nebiriau II">Nebiriau II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semenre" title="Semenre">Semenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebiankh" title="Bebiankh">Bebiankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre_Shedwast" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekhemre Shedwast">Sekhemre Shedwast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedumose_I" title="Dedumose I">Dedumose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedumose_II" title="Dedumose II">Dedumose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedankhre_Montemsaf" title="Djedankhre Montemsaf">Montuemsaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merankhre_Mentuhotep" title="Merankhre Mentuhotep">Merankhre Mentuhotep</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senusret_IV" title="Senusret IV">Senusret IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pepi_III" title="Pepi III">Pepi III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Abydos_Dynasty" title="Abydos Dynasty">Abydos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Senebkay" title="Senebkay">Senebkay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wepwawetemsaf" title="Wepwawetemsaf">Wepwawetemsaf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pantjeny" title="Pantjeny">Pantjeny</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snaaib" title="Snaaib">Snaaib</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rahotep" class="mw-redirect" title="Rahotep">Rahotep</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nebmaatre" title="Nebmaatre">Nebmaatre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekemsaf_I" title="Sobekemsaf I">Sobekemsaf I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekemsaf_II" title="Sobekemsaf II">Sobekemsaf II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre-Wepmaat_Intef" title="Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef">Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nubkheperre_Intef" title="Nubkheperre Intef">Nubkheperre Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat_Intef" title="Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef">Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senakhtenre_Ahmose" title="Senakhtenre Ahmose">Senakhtenre Ahmose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seqenenre_Tao" title="Seqenenre Tao">Seqenenre Tao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamose" title="Kamose">Kamose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="New_Kingdom_and_Third_Intermediate_Period_(1550–664_BC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Third Intermediate Period of Egypt">Third Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> (1550–664 BC)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Pharaohs  <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(male</span></li><li><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">female<sup>♀</sup>)</span></li><li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1550–1070 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" title="Thutmose II">Thutmose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" title="Amenhotep II">Amenhotep II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" title="Thutmose IV">Thutmose IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tutankhamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_I" title="Ramesses I">Ramesses I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merneptah" title="Merneptah">Merneptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenmesse" title="Amenmesse">Amenmesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seti_II" title="Seti II">Seti II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siptah" title="Siptah">Siptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twosret" class="mw-redirect" title="Twosret">Twosret</a><sup>♀</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt">XX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Setnakhte" title="Setnakhte">Setnakhte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_III" title="Ramesses III">Ramesses III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_IV" title="Ramesses IV">Ramesses IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_V" title="Ramesses V">Ramesses V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VI" title="Ramesses VI">Ramesses VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VII" title="Ramesses VII">Ramesses VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VIII" title="Ramesses VIII">Ramesses VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_IX" title="Ramesses IX">Ramesses IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_X" title="Ramesses X">Ramesses X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_XI" title="Ramesses XI">Ramesses XI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Third_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Third Intermediate Period of Egypt">3<sup>rd</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1069–664 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt">XXI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smendes" title="Smendes">Smendes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemnisu" title="Amenemnisu">Amenemnisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_I" title="Psusennes I">Psusennes I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemope_(pharaoh)" title="Amenemope (pharaoh)">Amenemope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_the_Elder" title="Osorkon the Elder">Osorkon the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siamun" title="Siamun">Siamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_II" title="Psusennes II">Psusennes II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/High_Priest_of_Amun" title="High Priest of Amun">High Priests of Amun</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herihor" title="Herihor">Herihor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piankh" title="Piankh">Piankh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinedjem_I" title="Pinedjem I">Pinedjem I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaharta" title="Masaharta">Masaharta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkhonsuefankh" title="Djedkhonsuefankh">Djedkhonsuefankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkheperre" title="Menkheperre">Menkheperre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smendes_II" title="Smendes II">Smendes II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinedjem_II" title="Pinedjem II">Pinedjem II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_III" title="Psusennes III">Psusennes III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt">XXII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_I" title="Shoshenq I">Shoshenq I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_I" title="Osorkon I">Osorkon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_II" title="Shoshenq II">Shoshenq II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tutkheperre_Shoshenq" title="Tutkheperre Shoshenq">Tutkheperre Shoshenq</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_I" title="Takelot I">Takelot I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_II" title="Osorkon II">Osorkon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_III" title="Shoshenq III">Shoshenq III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_IV" title="Shoshenq IV">Shoshenq IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pami" title="Pami">Pami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_V" title="Shoshenq V">Shoshenq V</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pedubast_II" title="Pedubast II">Pedubast II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_IV" title="Osorkon IV">Osorkon IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt">XXIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harsiese_A" title="Harsiese A">Harsiese A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_II" title="Takelot II">Takelot II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedubast_I" title="Pedubast I">Pedubast I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iuput_I" title="Iuput I">Iuput I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_VI" title="Shoshenq VI">Shoshenq VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_III" title="Osorkon III">Osorkon III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_III" title="Takelot III">Takelot III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudamun" title="Rudamun">Rudamun</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_VII" title="Shoshenq VII">Shoshenq VII</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ini_(pharaoh)" title="Ini (pharaoh)">Menkheperre Ini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt">XXIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tefnakht" title="Tefnakht">Tefnakht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakenranef" title="Bakenranef">Bakenranef</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt">XXV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piye" title="Piye">Piye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shebitku" title="Shebitku">Shebitku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabaka" title="Shabaka">Shabaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taharqa" title="Taharqa">Taharqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantamani" title="Tantamani">Tanutamun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Late_to_Roman_Period_(664_BC–313_AD)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Late_Period_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Late Period of ancient Egypt">Late</a> to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(664 BC–313 AD)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Late_Period_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Late Period of ancient Egypt">Late</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(664–332 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt">XXVI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ammeris" title="Ammeris">Ammeris</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tefnakht_II" title="Tefnakht II">Tefnakht II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nekauba" title="Nekauba">Nekauba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necho_I" title="Necho I">Necho I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_I" title="Psamtik I">Psamtik I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necho_II" title="Necho II">Necho II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_II" title="Psamtik II">Psamtik II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apries" title="Apries">Wahibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasis_II" title="Amasis II">Ahmose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_III" title="Psamtik III">Psamtik III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt">XXVII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II" title="Cambyses II">Cambyses II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petubastis_III" title="Petubastis III">Petubastis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_the_Great" title="Darius the Great">Darius I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psammetichus_IV" title="Psammetichus IV">Psammetichus IV</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I" title="Artaxerxes I">Artaxerxes I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_II" title="Darius II">Darius II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt">XXVIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amyrtaeus" title="Amyrtaeus">Amyrtaeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt">XXIX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepherites_I" title="Nepherites I">Nepherites I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakor" title="Hakor">Hakor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psammuthes" title="Psammuthes">Psammuthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepherites_II" title="Nepherites II">Nepherites II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muthis" title="Muthis">Muthis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt">XXX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nectanebo_I" title="Nectanebo I">Nectanebo I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teos_of_Egypt" title="Teos of Egypt">Teos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nectanebo_II" title="Nectanebo II">Nectanebo II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thirty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt">XXXI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_III" title="Artaxerxes III">Artaxerxes III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabash" title="Khabash">Khabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arses_of_Persia" title="Arses of Persia">Arses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III">Darius III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(332–30 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty" title="Argead dynasty">Argead</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Macedon" title="Philip III of Macedon">Philip III Arrhidaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_IV_of_Macedon" title="Alexander IV of Macedon">Alexander IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_dynasty" title="Ptolemaic dynasty">Ptolemaic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_I_Soter" title="Ptolemy I Soter">Ptolemy I Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_II_Philadelphus" title="Ptolemy II Philadelphus">Ptolemy II Philadelphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_II" title="Arsinoe II">Arsinoe II</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_III_Euergetes" title="Ptolemy III Euergetes">Ptolemy III Euergetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Berenice II">Berenice II Euergetes</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_IV_Philopator" title="Ptolemy IV Philopator">Ptolemy IV Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_III_Philopator" class="mw-redirect" title="Arsinoe III Philopator">Arsinoe III Philopator</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_V_Epiphanes" title="Ptolemy V Epiphanes">Ptolemy V Epiphanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_I_Syra" title="Cleopatra I Syra">Cleopatra I Syra</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VI_Philometor" title="Ptolemy VI Philometor">Ptolemy VI Philometor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_II" title="Cleopatra II">Cleopatra II</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VII_Neos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator">Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VIII_Physcon" title="Ptolemy VIII Physcon">Ptolemy VIII Euergetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_III" title="Cleopatra III">Cleopatra III</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_IX_Lathyros" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemy IX Lathyros">Ptolemy IX Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_IV" title="Cleopatra IV">Cleopatra IV</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_X_Alexander_I" title="Ptolemy X Alexander I">Ptolemy X Alexander I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_III" title="Berenice III">Berenice III</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XI_Alexander_II" title="Ptolemy XI Alexander II">Ptolemy XI Alexander II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XII_Auletes" title="Ptolemy XII Auletes">Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_V" title="Cleopatra V">Cleopatra V</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_IV_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Berenice IV of Egypt">Berenice IV Epiphaneia</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_VI_Tryphaena" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleopatra VI Tryphaena">Cleopatra VI Tryphaena</a></i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra" title="Cleopatra">Cleopatra VII Philopator</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIII_Theos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator">Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_IV" title="Arsinoe IV">Arsinoe IV</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIV_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIV Philopator">Ptolemy XIV Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesarion" title="Caesarion">Ptolemy XV Caesarion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(30 BC–313 AD)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="XXXIV" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Roman_pharaoh" title="Roman pharaoh">XXXIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galba" title="Galba">Galba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otho" title="Otho">Otho</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vitellius" title="Vitellius">Vitellius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus" title="Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerva" title="Nerva">Nerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Verus" title="Lucius Verus">Lucius Verus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pertinax" title="Pertinax">Pertinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pescennius_Niger" title="Pescennius Niger">Pescennius Niger</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geta_(emperor)" title="Geta (emperor)">Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrinus" title="Macrinus">Macrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diadumenian" title="Diadumenian">Diadumenian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Severus_Alexander" title="Severus Alexander">Severus Alexander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax" title="Maximinus Thrax">Maximinus Thrax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_I" title="Gordian I">Gordian I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_II" title="Gordian II">Gordian II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pupienus" title="Pupienus">Pupienus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balbinus" title="Balbinus">Balbinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Arab" title="Philip the Arab">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decius" title="Decius">Decius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trebonianus_Gallus" title="Trebonianus Gallus">Trebonianus Gallus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aemilianus" title="Aemilianus">Aemilianus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(emperor)" title="Valerian (emperor)">Valerian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macrianus_Minor" title="Macrianus Minor">Macrianus Minor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quietus" title="Quietus">Quietus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Mussius_Aemilianus" title="Lucius Mussius Aemilianus">Lucius Mussius Aemilianus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Gothicus" title="Claudius Gothicus">Claudius Gothicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quintillus" title="Quintillus">Quintillus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tacitus_(emperor)" title="Tacitus (emperor)">Tacitus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probus_(emperor)" title="Probus (emperor)">Probus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carus" title="Carus">Carus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carinus" title="Carinus">Carinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Numerian" title="Numerian">Numerian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximian" title="Maximian">Maximian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerius" title="Galerius">Galerius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Daza" title="Maximinus Daza">Maximinus Daza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Dynastic_genealogies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Dynastic genealogies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="First Dynasty of Egypt family tree">1<sup>st</sup></a></li> <li>2<sup>nd</sup></li> <li>3<sup>rd</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">4<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt family tree">11<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">12<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">18<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">19<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">20<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st,_22nd_%26_23rd_dynasties_of_Egypt_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="21st, 22nd & 23rd dynasties of Egypt family tree">21<sup>st</sup> to 23<sup>rd</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt#Family_tree" title="Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt">24<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">25<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">26<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">27<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt#Family_tree" title="Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt">30<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">31<sup>st</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty#Family_tree" title="Argead dynasty">Argead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaic family tree">Ptolemaic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharaohs" title="List of pharaohs">List of pharaohs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12154#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12154#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12154#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tutankhamun&oldid=1258178484">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tutankhamun&oldid=1258178484</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tutankhamun" title="Category:Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1340s_BC_births" title="Category:1340s BC births">1340s BC births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1320s_BC_deaths" title="Category:1320s BC deaths">1320s BC deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1922_archaeological_discoveries" title="Category:1922 archaeological discoveries">1922 archaeological discoveries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:14th-century_BC_pharaohs" title="Category:14th-century BC pharaohs">14th-century BC pharaohs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_child_monarchs" title="Category:Ancient child monarchs">Ancient child monarchs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_mummies" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian mummies">Ancient Egyptian mummies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atenism" title="Category:Atenism">Atenism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Children_of_Akhenaten" title="Category:Children of Akhenaten">Children of Akhenaten</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Curses" title="Category:Curses">Curses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Historical_negationism_in_ancient_Egypt" title="Category:Historical negationism in ancient Egypt">Historical negationism in ancient Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pharaohs_of_the_Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Category:Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deaths_from_malaria" title="Category:Deaths from malaria">Deaths from malaria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deaths_from_musculoskeletal_disorders" title="Category:Deaths from musculoskeletal disorders">Deaths from musculoskeletal disorders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_with_endocrine,_nutritional_and_metabolic_diseases" title="Category:People with endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases">People with endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Royalty_and_nobility_with_epilepsy" title="Category:Royalty and nobility with epilepsy">Royalty and nobility with epilepsy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Egyptian_people_with_disabilities" title="Category:Egyptian people with disabilities">Egyptian people with disabilities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Unsolved_deaths" title="Category:Unsolved deaths">Unsolved 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