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Researching popular music in Southeast Asia since 2019
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class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <div style="height:148px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <h1 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-left">IASPM-SEA</h1> <p class="has-text-align-left"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-white-color">Calling for papers for the upcoming 2025 conference</mark></p> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-2 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://forms.gle/JbHp1zUvXYePg5Ei9">Submit An Abstract</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </header> <main class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"> <div style="height:43px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <div class="entry-content alignwide wp-block-post-content is-layout-flow wp-block-post-content-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull has-yellow-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"> <div class="wp-block-group alignwide is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-7 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-center">Welcome!</h2> <p class="has-text-align-center">IASPM-SEA (The International Association for the Study of Popular Music – Southeast Asia) is a branch of IASPM dedicated to scholarship in popular music in, from, and around Southeast Asia. Founded in 2019, our membership base has grown rapidly and we have hosted a well attended annual conference. If you are interested in interdisciplinary research in popular music from Southeast Asia or beyond, this is the place for you!</p> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-3 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://iaspm-sea.org/membership-2025/">Join</a></div> </div> </div> <div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull is-style-default has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-18 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"> <div class="wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"> <div class="wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-5 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large wp-duotone-unset-3"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/posts-2025/"><img loading="lazy" width="1022" height="1023" data-attachment-id="5168" data-permalink="https://iaspm-sea.org/dsc03840-2/" data-orig-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg" data-orig-size="4465,4472" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"1.8","credit":"","camera":"ILCE-7RM2","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1492298157","copyright":"","focal_length":"135","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.0125","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="DSC03840" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=1022" src="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=1022" alt="" class="wp-image-5168" style="aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover" srcset="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=1022 1022w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=2044 2044w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=150 150w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=300 300w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03840-edited.jpg?w=768 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1022px) 100vw, 1022px" /></a></figure> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-10 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading is-service-name"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/posts-2025/">Latest News</a></h3> <p class="is-service-description">Calls for papers, conference info, upcoming events and initiatives</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-6 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-13 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large wp-duotone-unset-4"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/podcast-2025/"><img loading="lazy" width="1024" height="768" data-attachment-id="5174" data-permalink="https://iaspm-sea.org/5153-2/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f/" data-orig-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg" data-orig-size="1600,1200" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg?w=1024" src="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-5174" style="aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover" srcset="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg?w=150 150w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg?w=300 300w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg?w=768 768w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/46695d92-9905-4d20-a54b-98d99c57be4f.jpg 1600w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-12 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading is-service-name"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/podcast-2025/">SEAnic Solidarities Podcast</a></h3> <p class="is-service-description">Listen to our official podcast, featuring interviews of our members</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-7 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-15 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large wp-duotone-unset-5"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/past-conferences-2/"><img loading="lazy" width="1024" height="575" data-attachment-id="5164" data-permalink="https://iaspm-sea.org/5153-2/dsc03573/" data-orig-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg" data-orig-size="7952,4472" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.8","credit":"","camera":"ILCE-7RM2","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1492231742","copyright":"","focal_length":"70","iso":"2000","shutter_speed":"0.0125","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="DSC03573" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=1024" src="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-5164" style="aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover" srcset="https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=1022 1022w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=2045 2045w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=150 150w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=300 300w, https://iaspm-sea.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/dsc03573.jpg?w=768 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-14 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading is-service-name"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/past-conferences-2/">Past Conferences</a></h3> <p class="is-service-description">See photos and information from our previous conferences</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles wpnbha show-image image-alignleft ts-4 is-3 is-landscape has-text-align-left" style="" > <style id="newspack-blocks-inline-css" type="text/css"> .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-title { font-size: 1.2em; } .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; margin-top: 0.5em; } .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-meta { font-size: 0.8em; } .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .avatar { height: 25px; width: 25px; } .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail{ margin: 0; margin-bottom: 0.25em; } .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail img { height: auto; width: 100%; } .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail figcaption { margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles p { margin: 0.5em 0; } </style> <div data-posts data-current-post-id="5153"> <h2 class="article-section-title"> <span>NEWS</span> </h2> <article data-post-id="4927" class="category-announcements category-events-announcements type-post" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/2025/01/31/cfp-peripheries-margins-and-ambiguities-across-borders-in-southeast-asian-popular-music/" rel="bookmark">CfP: Peripheries, Margins, and Ambiguities across Borders in SouthEast Asian Popular Music </a></h3> <p>6-8 August 2025 | National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan The tides of continued globalisation bring forth condensations of time and space, unifying formerly disparate cultures and communities. Whether by movements of people through migration, trade and voyage or by movements of objects and ideas through exchange, media or the internet, a question inevitably arises: how…</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/author/iaspmsea1/"><img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=48&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=48&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=72&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=96&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=144&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=192&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-48' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /></a> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://iaspm-sea.org/author/iaspmsea1/">iaspmsea</a></span> </span><!-- .author-name --> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-01-31T17:28:44">January 31, 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-24T17:40:58+08:00">February 24, 2025</time> </div><!-- .entry-meta --> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> <article data-post-id="4864" class="tag-agm tag-annual-report tag-elections tag-events tag-iaspmsea tag-meetings tag-meetings-2 tag-news category-reports type-post" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/2024/12/31/annual-update-from-iaspm-sea-2024/" rel="bookmark">Annual Update from IASPM-SEA 2024</a></h3> <p>Dear IASPM Community, We write to offer a warm welcome to the newest members of our branch and share an annual update of our branch activities for the year 2024. IASPM-SEA’s main activity is organising an annual conference at a select Southeast Asian city. This year we held our conference on 25 to 27 July at the…</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/author/iaspmsea1/"><img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=48&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=48&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=72&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=96&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=144&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=192&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-48' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /></a> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://iaspm-sea.org/author/iaspmsea1/">iaspmsea</a></span> </span><!-- .author-name --> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-12-31T17:34:28">December 31, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-31T18:40:29+08:00">December 31, 2024</time> </div><!-- .entry-meta --> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> <article data-post-id="4161" class="category-announcements type-post" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/2024/11/12/seanic-solidarities-iaspm-sea-podcast-series/" rel="bookmark">SEAnic Solidarities – IASPM-SEA new✨ podcast series</a></h3> <p>Check out our new podcast series!</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://iaspm-sea.org/author/iaspmsea1/"><img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=48&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=48&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=72&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=96&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=144&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/797872cd98891ee48042d07cddec72b40870be9bfe229f970f92cc4cad267a54?s=192&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-48' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /></a> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://iaspm-sea.org/author/iaspmsea1/">iaspmsea</a></span> </span><!-- .author-name --> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-12T01:17:11">November 12, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-12-31T17:37:26+08:00">December 31, 2024</time> </div><!-- .entry-meta --> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull has-yellow-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:calc( 0.5 * var(u002du002dwpu002du002dstyleu002du002drootu002du002dpadding-right, var(u002du002dwpu002du002dcustomu002du002dgapu002du002dhorizontal)));padding-right:var(u002du002dwpu002du002dstyleu002du002drootu002du002dpadding-right, var(u002du002dwpu002du002dcustomu002du002dgapu002du002dhorizontal));padding-bottom:calc( 0.5 * var(u002du002dwpu002du002dstyleu002du002drootu002du002dpadding-right, var(u002du002dwpu002du002dcustomu002du002dgapu002du002dhorizontal)));padding-left:var(u002du002dwpu002du002dstyleu002du002drootu002du002dpadding-left, 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