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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>2 Corinthians 12:7 or because of these surpassingly great revelations. So to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/2_corinthians/12-7.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/16/47_2Co_12_07.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="2 Corinthians 12:7 - Paul's Thorn and God's Grace" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="or because of these surpassingly great revelations. So to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/2_corinthians/12-7.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/2_corinthians/12-7.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/2_corinthians/">2 Corinthians</a> > <a href="/2_corinthians/12.htm">Chapter 12</a> > Verse 7</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad7.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/2_corinthians/12-6.htm" title="2 Corinthians 12:6">◄</a> 2 Corinthians 12:7 <a href="/2_corinthians/12-8.htm" title="2 Corinthians 12:8">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Greek </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/2_corinthians/12.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/2_corinthians/12.htm">New International Version</a> or because of these surpassingly great revelations. Therefore, in order to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me. <a href="/nlt/2_corinthians/12.htm">New Living Translation</a> even though I have received such wonderful revelations from God. So to keep me from becoming proud, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger from Satan to torment me and keep me from becoming proud. <a href="/esv/2_corinthians/12.htm">English Standard Version</a> So to keep me from becoming conceited because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to harass me, to keep me from becoming conceited. <a href="/bsb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> or because of these surpassingly great revelations. So to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me. <a href="/blb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> and the surpassingness of the revelations. Therefore, that I should not become conceited, a thorn in my flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan, that he might buffet me, so that I should not become conceited. <a href="/kjv/2_corinthians/12.htm">King James Bible</a> And lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted above measure. <a href="/nkjv/2_corinthians/12.htm">New King James Version</a> And lest I should be exalted above measure by the abundance of the revelations, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I be exalted above measure. <a href="/nasb_/2_corinthians/12.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Because of the extraordinary greatness of the revelations, for this reason, to keep me from exalting myself, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to torment me—to keep me from exalting myself! <a href="/nasb/2_corinthians/12.htm">NASB 1995</a> Because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, for this reason, to keep me from exalting myself, there was given me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to torment me— to keep me from exalting myself! <a href="/nasb77/2_corinthians/12.htm">NASB 1977 </a> And because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, for this reason, to keep me from exalting myself, there was given me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to buffet me—to keep me from exalting myself! <a href="/lsb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, for this reason, to keep me from exalting myself, there was given me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to torment me—to keep me from exalting myself! <a href="/amp/2_corinthians/12.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Because of the surpassing greatness and extraordinary nature of the revelations [which I received from God], for this reason, to keep me from thinking of myself as important, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan, to torment and harass me—to keep me from exalting myself! <a href="/csb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> especially because of the extraordinary revelations. Therefore, so that I would not exalt myself, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan to torment me so that I would not exalt myself. <a href="/hcsb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> especially because of the extraordinary revelations. Therefore, so that I would not exalt myself, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan to torment me so I would not exalt myself. <a href="/asv/2_corinthians/12.htm">American Standard Version</a> And by reason of the exceeding greatness of the revelations, that I should not be exalted overmuch, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to buffet me, that I should not be exalted overmuch. <a href="/cev/2_corinthians/12.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Of course, I am now referring to the wonderful things I saw. One of Satan's angels was sent to make me suffer terribly, so that I would not feel too proud. <a href="/erv/2_corinthians/12.htm">English Revised Version</a> And by reason of the exceeding greatness of the revelations--wherefore, that I should not be exalted overmuch, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to buffet me, that I should not be exalted overmuch. <a href="/gwt/2_corinthians/12.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> especially because of the excessive number of revelations that I've had. Therefore, to keep me from becoming conceited, I am forced to deal with a recurring problem. That problem, Satan's messenger, torments me to keep me from being conceited. <a href="/gnt/2_corinthians/12.htm">Good News Translation</a> But to keep me from being puffed up with pride because of the many wonderful things I saw, I was given a painful physical ailment, which acts as Satan's messenger to beat me and keep me from being proud. <a href="/isv/2_corinthians/12.htm">International Standard Version</a> To keep me from becoming conceited because of the exceptional nature of these revelations, a thorn was given to me and placed in my body. It was Satan's messenger to keep on tormenting me so that I would not become conceited. <a href="/msb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> or because of these surpassingly great revelations. So to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me. <a href="/net/2_corinthians/12.htm">NET Bible</a> even because of the extraordinary character of the revelations. Therefore, so that I would not become arrogant, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan to trouble me--so that I would not become arrogant. <a href="/nheb/2_corinthians/12.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> And because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, therefore, to keep me from exalting myself, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to pound away at me, to keep me from exalting myself. <a href="/wbt/2_corinthians/12.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted above measure. <a href="/wey/2_corinthians/12.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> And judging by the stupendous grandeur of the revelations--therefore lest I should be over-elated there has been sent to me, like the agony of impalement, Satan's angel dealing blow after blow, lest I should be over-elated. <a href="/web/2_corinthians/12.htm">World English Bible</a> By reason of the exceeding greatness of the revelations, that I should not be exalted excessively, a thorn in the flesh was given to me: a messenger of Satan to torment me, that I should not be exalted excessively. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/2_corinthians/12.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and that by the exceeding greatness of the revelations I might not be exalted too much, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan, that he might batter me, that I might not be exalted too much. <a href="/blb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> and the surpassingness of the revelations. Therefore, that I should not become conceited, a thorn in my flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan, that he might buffet me, so that I should not become conceited. <a href="/ylt/2_corinthians/12.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and that by the exceeding greatness of the revelations I might not be exalted overmuch, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of the Adversary, that he might buffet me, that I might not be exalted overmuch. <a href="/slt/2_corinthians/12.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And lest I be lifted up by the eminence of Revelation, a thorn in the flesh was given me, a messenger of Satan, that he might cuff me, lest I be lifted up.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And lest the greatness of the revelations should exalt me, there was given me a sting of my flesh, an angel of Satan, to buffet me. <a href="/cpdv/2_corinthians/12.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And lest the greatness of the revelations should extol me, there was given to me a prodding in my flesh: an angel of Satan, who struck me repeatedly. <a href="/nabre/2_corinthians/12.htm">New American Bible</a> because of the abundance of the revelations. Therefore, that I might not become too elated, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, an angel of Satan, to beat me, to keep me from being too elated. <a href="/nrsvce/2_corinthians/12.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> even considering the exceptional character of the revelations. Therefore, to keep me from being too elated, a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to torment me, to keep me from being too elated.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/2_corinthians/12.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And lest I should be exalted through the abundance of the revelations, there was delivered to me a thorn in my flesh, the angel of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted. <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/2_corinthians/12.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> Lest I be lifted up by the abundance of revelations, a thorn for my flesh was handed over to me, an Angel of Satan to buffet me, lest I be lifted up.<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/2_corinthians/12.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> And, lest I should be too much exalted by the excellence of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to buffet me, that I might not be too much exalted. <a href="/godbey/2_corinthians/12.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> And that I may not be exalted by the abundance of revelations, a thorn was given unto me in the flesh, the messenger of Satan that he may buffet me, in order that I may not be exalted. <a href="/haweis/2_corinthians/12.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> And that I might not be lifted up above measure by the transcendent greatness of the revelations, there was given me a thorn in the flesh, the angel Satan, to buffet me, that I might not be lifted up above measure. <a href="/mace/2_corinthians/12.htm">Mace New Testament</a> and lest I should be exalted above measure by the extraordinary revelations I have had, I was afflicted in my person, so that the messenger of satan insulted me; concerning which, <a href="/wey/2_corinthians/12.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> And judging by the stupendous grandeur of the revelations--therefore lest I should be over-elated there has been sent to me, like the agony of impalement, Satan's angel dealing blow after blow, lest I should be over-elated. <a href="/worrell/2_corinthians/12.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> And, that I might not be exalted overmuch by the exceeding greatness of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to buffet me, that I might not be exalted overmuch. <a href="/worsley/2_corinthians/12.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> And least I should be too much lifted up with the abundance of the revelations, there was given me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to buffet me, least I should be too much elevated. <a href="/parallel/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ddheG4hMg28?start=2250" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/2_corinthians/12.htm">Paul's Thorn and God's Grace</a> 6Even if I wanted to boast, I would not be a fool, because I would be speaking the truth. But I refrain, so no one will credit me with more than he sees in me or hears from me, 7<a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">or</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tē (Art-DFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">because of these</a> <a href="/greek/5236.htm" title="5236: hyperbolē (N-DFS) -- From huperballo; a throwing beyond others, i.e. supereminence; adverbially pre- eminently.">surpassingly great</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tōn (Art-GFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/602.htm" title="602: apokalypseōn (N-GFP) -- An unveiling, uncovering, revealing, revelation. From apokalupto; disclosure.">revelations.</a> <a href="/greek/1352.htm" title="1352: Dio (Conj) -- Wherefore, on which account, therefore. From dia and hos; through which thing, i.e. Consequently.">So</a> <a href="/greek/2443.htm" title="2443: hina (Conj) -- In order that, so that. Probably from the same as the former part of heautou; in order that.">to</a> <a href="/greek/3361.htm" title="3361: mē (Adv) -- Not, lest. A primary particle of qualified negation; not, lest; also (whereas ou expects an affirmative one) whether."></a> <a href="/greek/5229.htm" title="5229: hyperairōmai (V-PSM/P-1S) -- Lit: To raise beyond, uplift; mid: To lift myself up, exalt myself, be arrogant. ">keep me from becoming conceited,</a> <a href="/greek/1473.htm" title="1473: moi (PPro-D1S) -- I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.">I</a> <a href="/greek/1325.htm" title="1325: edothē (V-AIP-3S) -- To offer, give; I put, place. A prolonged form of a primary verb; to give.">was given</a> <a href="/greek/4647.htm" title="4647: skolops (N-NMS) -- Perhaps from the base of skelos and optanomai; withered at the front, i.e. A point or prickle.">a thorn</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tē (Art-DFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">in my</a> <a href="/greek/4561.htm" title="4561: sarki (N-DFS) -- Flesh, body, human nature, materiality; kindred. ">flesh,</a> <a href="/greek/32.htm" title="32: angelos (N-NMS) -- From aggello; a messenger; especially an angel; by implication, a pastor.">a messenger</a> <a href="/greek/4567.htm" title="4567: Satana (N-GMS) -- An adversary, Satan. Of Chaldee origin corresponding to ma'bad; the accuser, i.e. The devil.">of Satan,</a> <a href="/greek/2443.htm" title="2443: hina (Conj) -- In order that, so that. Probably from the same as the former part of heautou; in order that.">to</a> <a href="/greek/2852.htm" title="2852: kolaphizē (V-PSA-3S) -- To strike with the fist, buffet; hence: I mistreat violently. From a derivative of the base of kolazo; to rap with the fist.">torment</a> <a href="/greek/1473.htm" title="1473: me (PPro-A1S) -- I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.">me.</a> <a href="/greek/2443.htm" title="2443: hina (Conj) -- In order that, so that. Probably from the same as the former part of heautou; in order that."></a> <a href="/greek/3361.htm" title="3361: mē (Adv) -- Not, lest. A primary particle of qualified negation; not, lest; also (whereas ou expects an affirmative one) whether."></a> <a href="/greek/5229.htm" title="5229: hyperairōmai (V-PSM/P-1S) -- Lit: To raise beyond, uplift; mid: To lift myself up, exalt myself, be arrogant. "></a> 8Three times I pleaded with the Lord to take it away from me.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/job/2-7.htm">Job 2:7</a> So Satan went out from the presence of the LORD and infected Job with terrible boils from the soles of his feet to the crown of his head. <a href="/galatians/4-13.htm">Galatians 4:13-14</a> You know that it was because of an illness that I first preached the gospel to you. / And although my illness was a trial to you, you did not despise or reject me. Instead, you welcomed me as if I were an angel of God, as if I were Christ Jesus Himself. <a href="/numbers/33-55.htm">Numbers 33:55</a> But if you do not drive out the inhabitants of the land before you, those you allow to remain will become barbs in your eyes and thorns in your sides; they will harass you in the land where you settle. <a href="/1_peter/5-8.htm">1 Peter 5:8</a> Be sober-minded and alert. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. <a href="/james/1-2.htm">James 1:2-4</a> Consider it pure joy, my brothers, when you encounter trials of many kinds, / because you know that the testing of your faith develops perseverance. / Allow perseverance to finish its work, so that you may be mature and complete, not lacking anything. <a href="/romans/5-3.htm">Romans 5:3-5</a> Not only that, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; / perseverance, character; and character, hope. / And hope does not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, whom He has given us. <a href="/1_corinthians/10-13.htm">1 Corinthians 10:13</a> No temptation has seized you except what is common to man. And God is faithful; He will not let you be tempted beyond what you can bear. But when you are tempted, He will also provide an escape, so that you can stand up under it. <a href="/philippians/3-10.htm">Philippians 3:10</a> I want to know Christ and the power of His resurrection and the fellowship of His sufferings, being conformed to Him in His death, <a href="/isaiah/38-17.htm">Isaiah 38:17</a> Surely for my own welfare I had such great anguish; but Your love has delivered me from the pit of oblivion, for You have cast all my sins behind Your back. <a href="/matthew/26-41.htm">Matthew 26:41</a> “Watch and pray so that you will not enter into temptation. For the spirit is willing, but the body is weak.” <a href="/hebrews/12-7.htm">Hebrews 12:7-8</a> Endure suffering as discipline; God is treating you as sons. For what son is not disciplined by his father? / If you do not experience discipline like everyone else, then you are illegitimate children and not true sons. <a href="/1_timothy/1-20.htm">1 Timothy 1:20</a> Among them are Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom I have handed over to Satan to be taught not to blaspheme. <a href="/psalms/119-67.htm">Psalm 119:67</a> Before I was afflicted, I went astray; but now I keep Your word. <a href="/luke/22-31.htm">Luke 22:31-32</a> Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift all of you like wheat. / But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith will not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.” <a href="/1_kings/22-22.htm">1 Kings 22:22</a> And he replied, ‘I will go out and be a lying spirit in the mouths of all his prophets.’ ‘You will surely entice him and prevail,’ said the LORD. ‘Go and do it.’</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted above measure.lest.<a href="/2_corinthians/10-5.htm">2 Corinthians 10:5</a> Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ;<a href="/2_corinthians/11-20.htm">2 Corinthians 11:20</a> For ye suffer, if a man bring you into bondage, if a man devour you, if a man take of you, if a man exalt himself, if a man smite you on the face.<a href="/deuteronomy/8-14.htm">Deuteronomy 8:14</a> Then thine heart be lifted up, and thou forget the LORD thy God, which brought thee forth out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage;the abundance.<a href="/2_corinthians/12-1.htm">2 Corinthians 12:1-4</a> It is not expedient for me doubtless to glory. I will come to visions and revelations of the Lord… a thorn.<a href="/genesis/32-25.htm">Genesis 32:25,31</a> And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him… <a href="/judges/2-3.htm">Judges 2:3</a> Wherefore I also said, I will not drive them out from before you; but they shall be as thorns in your sides, and their gods shall be a snare unto you.<a href="/ezekiel/28-24.htm">Ezekiel 28:24</a> And there shall be no more a pricking brier unto the house of Israel, nor any grieving thorn of all that are round about them, that despised them; and they shall know that I am the Lord GOD.the messenger.<a href="/job/2-7.htm">Job 2:7</a> So went Satan forth from the presence of the LORD, and smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot unto his crown.<a href="/luke/13-16.htm">Luke 13:16</a> And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day?<a href="/1_corinthians/5-5.htm">1 Corinthians 5:5</a> To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.to buffet.<a href="/matthew/26-67.htm">Matthew 26:67</a> Then did they spit in his face, and buffeted him; and others smote him with the palms of their hands,<a href="/1_corinthians/4-11.htm">1 Corinthians 4:11</a> Even unto this present hour we both hunger, and thirst, and are naked, and are buffeted, and have no certain dwellingplace;<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/2_corinthians/9-8.htm">Abundance</a> <a href="/acts/2-24.htm">Agony</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-14.htm">Angel</a> <a href="/acts/27-13.htm">Blow</a> <a href="/mark/14-65.htm">Buffet</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/13-4.htm">Conceited</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/10-1.htm">Dealing</a> <a href="/1_samuel/11-9.htm">Elated</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-7.htm">Exalted</a> <a href="/acts/10-46.htm">Exalting</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/9-14.htm">Exceeding</a> <a href="/ecclesiastes/7-17.htm">Excessively</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-18.htm">Flesh</a> <a href="/daniel/5-19.htm">Grandeur</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-15.htm">Great</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/4-7.htm">Greatness</a> <a href="/luke/18-5.htm">Harass</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/7-3.htm">Judging</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-23.htm">Measure</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-14.htm">Messenger</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-32.htm">Order</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/2-7.htm">Overmuch</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/7-8.htm">Pain</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-21.htm">Reason</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-1.htm">Revelations</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-14.htm">Satan</a> <a href="/revelation/3-9.htm">Satan's</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-5.htm">Surpassing</a> <a href="/1_timothy/1-14.htm">Surpassingly</a> <a href="/acts/7-30.htm">Thorn</a> <a href="/luke/16-28.htm">Torment</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/philippians/4-12.htm">Abundance</a> <a href="/revelation/9-5.htm">Agony</a> <a href="/galatians/1-8.htm">Angel</a> <a href="/1_peter/2-20.htm">Blow</a> <a href="/matthew/26-67.htm">Buffet</a> <a href="/galatians/5-26.htm">Conceited</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-3.htm">Dealing</a> <a href="/1_samuel/11-9.htm">Elated</a> <a href="/philippians/1-20.htm">Exalted</a> <a href="/exodus/9-17.htm">Exalting</a> <a href="/ephesians/1-19.htm">Exceeding</a> <a href="/galatians/1-13.htm">Excessively</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-21.htm">Flesh</a> <a href="/esther/1-4.htm">Grandeur</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-11.htm">Great</a> <a href="/ephesians/1-19.htm">Greatness</a> <a href="/colossians/3-21.htm">Harass</a> <a href="/hebrews/6-2.htm">Judging</a> <a href="/galatians/1-13.htm">Measure</a> <a href="/galatians/1-8.htm">Messenger</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-9.htm">Order</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-19.htm">Overmuch</a> <a href="/philippians/1-17.htm">Pain</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-10.htm">Reason</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-1.htm">Revelations</a> <a href="/1_thessalonians/2-18.htm">Satan</a> <a href="/revelation/2-9.htm">Satan's</a> <a href="/ephesians/1-19.htm">Surpassing</a> <a href="/1_timothy/1-14.htm">Surpassingly</a> <a href="/genesis/3-18.htm">Thorn</a> <a href="/1_john/4-18.htm">Torment</a><div class="vheading2">2 Corinthians 12</div>1. <a href="/2_corinthians/12-1.htm">For commending of his apostleship, though he might glory of his wonderful revelations,</a> 9. <a href="/2_corinthians/12-9.htm">yet he rather chooses to glory of his infirmities;</a> 11. <a href="/2_corinthians/12-11.htm">blaming the Corinthians for forcing him to this vain boasting.</a> 14. <a href="/2_corinthians/12-14.htm">He promises to come to them again; but yet altogether in the affection of a father;</a> 20. <a href="/2_corinthians/12-20.htm">although he fears he shall to his grief find many offenders, and public disorders there.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/2_corinthians/12.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/2_corinthians/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/2_corinthians/12.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>surpassingly great revelations The phrase "surpassingly great revelations" refers to the extraordinary visions and insights Paul received from God. The Greek word for "revelations" is "apokalupsis," which means an unveiling or disclosure. Historically, Paul had profound spiritual experiences, including being caught up to the third heaven (<a href="/2_corinthians/12-2.htm">2 Corinthians 12:2-4</a>). These revelations were not for his personal glory but for the edification of the church. In a conservative Christian perspective, this underscores the importance of humility and the recognition that any spiritual insight is a gift from God, meant to serve His purposes.to keep me from becoming conceited The phrase "to keep me from becoming conceited" highlights the potential danger of pride that can accompany spiritual experiences. The Greek word "huperairomai" means to exalt oneself or to be overly proud. Paul acknowledges the human tendency to become prideful, even in spiritual matters. This serves as a reminder that humility is a virtue that must be cultivated, especially when one is entrusted with divine revelations. It is a call to remain grounded and to attribute all glory to God.I was given a thorn in my flesh The "thorn in my flesh" is a metaphorical expression that has been widely debated among scholars. The Greek word "skolops" can mean a stake or a sharp object, indicating something that causes persistent discomfort or pain. Historically, this "thorn" has been interpreted as a physical ailment, a spiritual struggle, or opposition from others. From a conservative Christian viewpoint, this thorn serves as a reminder of human frailty and the need for dependence on God's grace. It is a tool used by God to refine and strengthen one's faith.a messenger of Satan The phrase "a messenger of Satan" suggests that the thorn was an instrument of spiritual warfare. The Greek word "angelos" means messenger, and in this context, it implies that Satan was allowed to afflict Paul. This aligns with the biblical theme that God can use even the adversary's actions for His purposes, as seen in the account of Job. It emphasizes the sovereignty of God and the reality of spiritual opposition in the life of a believer.to torment me The word "torment" comes from the Greek "kolaphizo," which means to strike with a fist or to buffet. This indicates that the thorn was a source of ongoing distress for Paul. In a conservative Christian understanding, this torment serves as a means of spiritual discipline, teaching reliance on God's strength rather than one's own. It is a reminder that suffering can have a divine purpose, shaping character and deepening one's relationship with God.so that I would not become conceited The repetition of the phrase "so that I would not become conceited" underscores the primary reason for the thorn: to prevent pride. This repetition highlights the seriousness with which God views pride and the lengths He will go to cultivate humility in His servants. It serves as a powerful lesson that God's ways are higher than ours, and His discipline, though painful, is ultimately for our good and His glory.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/p/paul_the_apostle.htm">Paul the Apostle</a> The author of 2 Corinthians, Paul is addressing the church in Corinth. He speaks of his personal experiences and revelations from God. 2. <a href="/topical/t/thorn_in_the_flesh.htm">Thorn in the Flesh</a> A metaphorical expression used by Paul to describe a persistent problem or affliction that he faced. The exact nature of this "thorn" is not specified, leading to various interpretations. 3. <a href="/topical/m/messenger_of_satan.htm">Messenger of Satan</a> This phrase indicates that the thorn was a form of spiritual or physical affliction allowed by God but originating from Satan, intended to keep Paul humble. 4. <a href="/topical/c/corinth.htm">Corinth</a> A major city in ancient Greece where Paul established a church. The Corinthians were known for their struggles with pride and immorality, which Paul addresses in his letters. 5. <a href="/topical/r/revelations.htm">Revelations</a> Paul refers to the extraordinary revelations he received from God, which could have led to pride if not for the humbling thorn.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/h/humility_through_trials.htm">Humility Through Trials</a> God sometimes allows challenges in our lives to prevent pride and foster humility. Like Paul, we should view our struggles as opportunities for spiritual growth. <a href="/topical/d/dependence_on_god's_grace.htm">Dependence on God's Grace</a> The thorn in Paul's flesh reminds us of our need to rely on God's grace. In our weaknesses, His strength is made perfect. <a href="/topical/s/spiritual_warfare_awareness.htm">Spiritual Warfare Awareness</a> Recognize that some afflictions may have a spiritual origin. We must be vigilant in prayer and seek God's protection and wisdom. <a href="/topical/p/purpose_in_suffering.htm">Purpose in Suffering</a> Our sufferings can have a divine purpose, shaping our character and drawing us closer to God. We should seek to understand and embrace this purpose. <a href="/topical/e/encouragement_in_community.htm">Encouragement in Community</a> Sharing our struggles with fellow believers can provide support and encouragement. The church community is vital in helping us bear our burdens.<a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_corinthians/12.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(7) There was given to me a thorn in the flesh.--The vague mystery with which St. Paul thus surrounds the special form of "infirmity" of which he speaks, has given rise to very different conjectures, which will require to be treated with more or less fulness. It will be well to begin with getting as closely as we can at the idea of the central word. The Greek word for "thorn," then, might better be translated stake. It is used, e.g., of stakes thrust into the ground to form a palisade round a grave--"And round about they dug a trench full deep,And wide and large, and round it fixed their stakes."--Homer, Iliad, vii. 441.A sharp-pointed stake of this kind was often used as a means of torture in the punishment known as impaling, and the two Greek words for "impaling" and "crucifying" were indeed almost interchangeable (Herod. i. 128; ix. 18). So in Euripides (Iphig. in Tauris. 1430)--"Say, shall we hurl them down from lofty rock,Or fix their bodies on the stake?"It is significant that men like Celsus and Lucian, writing against the faith of Christians, used the term "stake" instead of "cross," as more ignominious, and spoke of Jesus as having been "impaled" instead of "crucified" (Origen, c. Cels. ii.; Lucian, De morte Peregr., p. 762). So Chrysostom used the word "impaled" of St. Peter's crucifixion. On the other hand, medical writers, such as Dioscorides and Artemidorus, by whose use of the word, as possibly coming to him through St. Luke, St. Paul was likely to be influenced, apply the term to what we call a "splinter" getting into the flesh and causing acute inflammation (Diosc. ii. 29; iv. 176). Dioscorides, it may be noted, was a native of Anazarba in Cilicia, and probably a contemporary of St. Paul's. The word used figuratively, therefore, comes to bring with it the sense of some acute form of suffering, something, to use a word of like history and significance, excruciating in its character. So used, it might, as far as the word itself is concerned, be applied to any sharp agony, either of mind or body.The history of the interpretations which have been given to this mysterious term is not without interest as a psychological study. Men have clearly been influenced, to a large extent, by their subjective tendencies. They have measured the sufferings of St. Paul by their own experience, and thinking that he must have felt as they felt, have seen in his "thorn in the flesh" that which they felt to be their own sharpest trial. Some of these conjectures may be dismissed very briefly. It cannot be, as some have thought, the remembrance of his own guilt in persecuting the disciples of Christ, for that would not have been described as a "thorn in the flesh" nor could he well have prayed that it should depart from him. For a like reason, it could not have been, as some Protestant commentators have imagined, any doubt as to the certainty of his own salvation, or of his being included in God's pardoning love. We may safely set aside, again, the view that he refers to his struggle with heathen enemies, like Demetrius, or Judaising rivals, for these had been included in his list of sufferings in <a href="/context/2_corinthians/11-22.htm" title="Are they Hebrews? so am I. Are they Israelites? so am I. Are they the seed of Abraham? so am I.">2Corinthians 11:22-23</a>, and here he is clearly speaking of something generically new. There remain two hypotheses. (1) That he speaks of the conflict with sensual passion; and (2), that he refers to some chronic infirmity of body that brought with it constantly recurring attacks of acute pain. For each of these a strong case may be made out. In favour of (1) it may be urged that the language of St. Paul in not a few places implies the existence of such a struggle with temptation. He sees a law in his members warring against the law of his mind (<a href="/romans/7-23.htm" title="But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.">Romans 7:23</a>). Sin wrought in him all manner of concupiscence (<a href="/romans/7-8.htm" title="But sin, taking occasion by the commandment, worked in me all manner of concupiscence. For without the law sin was dead.">Romans 7:8</a>). He found it necessary to keep under his body, and bring it into subjection (<a href="/1_corinthians/9-27.htm" title="But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway.">1Corinthians 9:27</a>). What has been said as to the question, "Who is offended, and I burn not?" suggests a special sympathy with that form of struggle against evil; and in the "fire-tipt darts of the wicked one" of <a href="/ephesians/6-16.htm" title="Above all, taking the shield of faith, with which you shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked.">Ephesians 6:16</a> (where we have the participle of the same verb), we may, perhaps, trace an allusive reference to impulses of this nature. It is clear that with some temperaments temptations such as this, besides the moral pain which they bring with them, may inflict a bodily suffering little less than excruciating, and the words that speak of the "flesh" as the seat of suffering, and of its being a "messenger of Satan," at least fall in with the view thus presented. Nor is it enough to say, on the other hand, that St. Paul's character made such temptations impossible. The long line of patristic, and mediaeval, and modern Romish interpreters who have taken this view, though of little weight as an authority, is, at least, evidence that they knew the bitterness of such temptations, and though their thoughts may have been coloured by the experiences of the monastic life and enforced celibacy, as in the story of the temptations of St. Antony, we may fairly read in their testimony the fact that sensual temptation may assail men who are aiming at a high ascetic standard of holiness. Experience seems, indeed, to show that the ecstatic temperament, with its high-wrought emotional excitement, is more than most others liable to the attacks of this form of evil. So the daily evening hymn of St. Ambrose includes the prayer, "ne polluantur corpora." So Augustine bewails the recurrence in dreams of the old sensuous temptations to which he had yielded in his youth (Confess. x. 30); and Jerome is not ashamed to tell the history of such temptations, alternating here also with ecstatic visions of divine glories, to the female friend whom he exhorts to persevere in her vow of chastity (Epist. ad Eustochium, c. 7). It may be added that this view falls in with the tone in which St. Paul approaches "the thorn in the flesh" as the crown of all his infirmities. No self-humiliation could go beyond this disclosure of what most men hide. As in the confessions of Augustine and Jerome, just referred to, the last veil is withdrawn, and men are told that the man who has had visions of God is one of like passions with themselves, subject, as they are, to the strongest temptations of his sensuous nature. As in the triumphs of the Emperors of Rome, a slave rode in the same chariot with the conqueror, and bade him ever and anon remember that he also was a man, so here there was a continual reminder that he too might become as others were. If there was any danger of being exalted above measure by the abundance of the revelations, nothing could more easily bring a man down from that ideal height than the consciousness that this was his besetting temptation. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_corinthians/12.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 7-10. - The thorn in the flesh. Verse 7. - Lest I should be exalted above measure; literally, that I may not be over exalted. It was necessary to show St. Paul that he only held the treasure in an earthen vessel. There was given me. Even God's afflictions are meant for gifts. A thorn (skolops). The more usual meaning is, as Hesychius says, "a sharp stake" ('Sudes,' Tert.). Hence the word skolopizo, I impale or crucify. St. Paul's agony was an impalement or crucifixion of all sensual impulses and earthly ambitions. In the flesh. There have been endless conjectures as to the exact nature of this painful and most humbling physical affliction. It is only by placing side by side a great many separate passages that we are almost irresistibly led to the conclusion which is now most generally adopted, namely, that it was acute and disfiguring ophthalmia, originating in the blinding glare of the light which flashed round him at Damascus, and accompanied, as that most humiliating disease usually is, by occasional cerebral excitement. It would be impossible here to enter into the whole inquiry, for which! refer to my 'Life of St. Paul,' 1:214-226. The messenger of Satan; rather, an angel of Satan. By way of comment, see <a href="/matthew/25-41.htm">Matthew 25:41</a>; <a href="/luke/13-16.htm">Luke 13:16</a>; <a href="/job/2-7.htm">Job 2:7</a>; <a href="/revelation/12-7.htm">Revelation 12:7, 9</a>. To buffet me. The verb is derived from kolaphos, a slap on the face, and would be suitable to such a disfigurement as ophthalmia (<a href="/2_corinthians/10-10.htm">2 Corinthians 10:10</a>). <a href="/commentaries/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>[or] καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. with these τῇ (tē) Article - Dative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. surpassingly great ὑπερβολῇ (hyperbolē) Noun - Dative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_5236.htm">Strong's 5236: </a> From huperballo; a throwing beyond others, i.e. supereminence; adverbially pre- eminently. revelations. ἀποκαλύψεων (apokalypseōn) Noun - Genitive Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_602.htm">Strong's 602: </a> An unveiling, uncovering, revealing, revelation. From apokalupto; disclosure. So Διὸ (Dio) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_1352.htm">Strong's 1352: </a> Wherefore, on which account, therefore. From dia and hos; through which thing, i.e. Consequently. to ἵνα (hina) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2443.htm">Strong's 2443: </a> In order that, so that. Probably from the same as the former part of heautou; in order that. keep me from becoming conceited, ὑπεραίρωμαι (hyperairōmai) Verb - Present Subjunctive Middle or Passive - 1st Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_5229.htm">Strong's 5229: </a> Lit: To raise beyond, uplift; mid: To lift myself up, exalt myself, be arrogant. I μοι (moi) Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1473.htm">Strong's 1473: </a> I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I. was given ἐδόθη (edothē) Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1325.htm">Strong's 1325: </a> To offer, give; I put, place. A prolonged form of a primary verb; to give. a thorn σκόλοψ (skolops) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4647.htm">Strong's 4647: </a> Perhaps from the base of skelos and optanomai; withered at the front, i.e. A point or prickle. in [my] τῇ (tē) Article - Dative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. flesh, σαρκί (sarki) Noun - Dative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4561.htm">Strong's 4561: </a> Flesh, body, human nature, materiality; kindred. a messenger ἄγγελος (angelos) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_32.htm">Strong's 32: </a> From aggello; a messenger; especially an 'angel'; by implication, a pastor. of Satan, Σατανᾶ (Satana) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4567.htm">Strong's 4567: </a> An adversary, Satan. Of Chaldee origin corresponding to ma'bad; the accuser, i.e. The devil. to ἵνα (hina) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2443.htm">Strong's 2443: </a> In order that, so that. Probably from the same as the former part of heautou; in order that. torment κολαφίζῃ (kolaphizē) Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2852.htm">Strong's 2852: </a> To strike with the fist, buffet; hence: I mistreat violently. From a derivative of the base of kolazo; to rap with the fist. me. με (me) Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1473.htm">Strong's 1473: </a> I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">2 Corinthians 12:7 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-7.htm">NT Letters: 2 Corinthians 12:7 By reason of the exceeding greatness (2 Cor. 2C iiC 2Cor ii cor iicor) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/2_corinthians/12-6.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2 Corinthians 12:6"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2 Corinthians 12:6" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/2_corinthians/12-8.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2 Corinthians 12:8"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2 Corinthians 12:8" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>