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title="ค้นหาข้อมูลเบื้องหลังในเหตุการณ์ปัจจุบัน"><span>เหตุการณ์ปัจจุบัน</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="โหลดหน้าแบบสุ่ม [x]" accesskey="x"><span>สุ่มบทความ</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ทำความรู้จักวิกิพีเดีย"><span>เกี่ยวกับวิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="วิธีการติดต่อวิกิพีเดีย"><span>ติดต่อเรา</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> มีส่วนร่วม </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D" title="ข้อแนะนำการใช้และแก้ไขวิกิพีเดีย"><span>คำอธิบาย</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99"><span>เริ่มต้นเขียน</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1" title="เกี่ยวกับโครงการ สิ่งที่คุณทำได้ และวิธีการค้นหา"><span>ศาลาประชาคม</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในวิกินี้ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>ปรับปรุงล่าสุด</span></a></li><li id="n-discord" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94"><span>ดิสคอร์ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="วิกิพีเดีย" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-th.svg" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 1.6875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="สารานุกรมเสรี" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-th.svg" width="100" height="18" style="width: 6.25em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>ค้นหา</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" aria-label="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="พิเศษ:ค้นหา"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ค้นหา</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="หน้าตา" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">หน้าตา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-นิรุกติศาสตร์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#นิรุกติศาสตร์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>นิรุกติศาสตร์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-นิรุกติศาสตร์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ประวัติศาสตร์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ประวัติศาสตร์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ประวัติศาสตร์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ประวัติศาสตร์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ภูมิศาสตร์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ภูมิศาสตร์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ภูมิศาสตร์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ภูมิศาสตร์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-การเมือง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#การเมือง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>การเมือง</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-การเมือง-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle การเมือง subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-การเมือง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-บริหาร" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#บริหาร"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>บริหาร</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-บริหาร-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-การแบ่งเขตการปกครอง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#การแบ่งเขตการปกครอง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>การแบ่งเขตการปกครอง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-การแบ่งเขตการปกครอง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ดูเพิ่ม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>ดูเพิ่ม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-หมายเหตุ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#หมายเหตุ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>หมายเหตุ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-หมายเหตุ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="สารบัญ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ประเทศโปแลนด์</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 306 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-306" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">306 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – อับฮาเซีย" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="อับฮาเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – อาเจะห์" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="อาเจะห์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%88%D1%8D" title="Полшэ – อะดืยเก" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Полшэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="อะดืยเก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole" title="Pole – แอฟริกานส์" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pole" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="แอฟริกานส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – เยอรมันสวิส" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันสวิส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%96%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="ፖላንድ – อัมฮารา" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፖላንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="อัมฮารา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – อารากอน" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="อารากอน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaland" title="Polaland – อังกฤษโบราณ" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Polaland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษโบราณ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polan" title="Polan – โอโบโล" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Polan" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="โอโบโล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="पोलैंड – อังคิกา" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="पोलैंड" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="อังคิกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="بولندا – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بولندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%98%DC%A0%DC%A2%DC%95" title="ܦܘܠܢܕ – อราเมอิก" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܘܠܢܕ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="อราเมอิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="پولونيا – อาหรับโมร็อกโก" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="پولونيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="อาหรับโมร็อกโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="بولاندا – อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بولاندا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="পোলেণ্ড – อัสสัม" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পোলেণ্ড" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="อัสสัม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – อาวาร์" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="อาวาร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polska" title="Polska – โคตาวา" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Polska" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="โคตาวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulu%C3%B1a" title="Puluña – ไอย์มารา" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Puluña" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="ไอย์มารา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C5%9Fa" title="Polşa – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Polşa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="لهیستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لهیستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – บัชคีร์" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="บัชคีร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – บาหลี" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="บาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poin" title="Poin – บาวาเรีย" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Poin" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="บาวาเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%97nk%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Lėnkėjė – ซาโมจิเตียน" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Lėnkėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="ซาโมจิเตียน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Польшча – เบลารุส" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Польшча" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="เบลารุส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Польшча – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Польшча" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – เบตาวี" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="เบตาวี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Полша – บัลแกเรีย" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Полша" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="บัลแกเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="पोलैंड – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पोलैंड" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polan" title="Polan – บิสลามา" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Polan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="บิสลามา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulandia" title="Pulandia – บันจาร์" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Pulandia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="บันจาร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ပိုလန်ခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ပိုလန်ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="পোল্যান্ড – บังกลา" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পোল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="บังกลา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%95%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཕོ་ལན། – ทิเบต" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཕོ་ལན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="ทิเบต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="পোল্যান্ড – พิศนุปริยะ" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="পোল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="พิศนุปริยะ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – เบรตัน" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="เบรตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska – บอสเนีย" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Poljska" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="บอสเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%84%E1%A8%9A%E1%A8%92%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%89" title="ᨄᨚᨒᨊᨉ – บูกิส" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨄᨚᨒᨊᨉ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="บูกิส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE" title="Польшо – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Польшо" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B2nia" title="Polònia – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Polònia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8F%CC%A4-l%C3%A0ng" title="Pŏ̤-làng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Pŏ̤-làng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – เชเชน" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="เชเชน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polskowa" title="Polskowa – เซบู" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Polskowa" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="เซบู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaki" title="Polaki – ชามอร์โร" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Polaki" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="ชามอร์โร" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%89%E1%8E%B3%E1%8F%82" title="ᏉᎳᏂ – เชอโรกี" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏉᎳᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="เชอโรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – เชเยนเน" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="เชเยนเน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%86%DA%B5%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="پۆڵەندا – เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پۆڵەندا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – คอร์ซิกา" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="คอร์ซิกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehistan" title="Lehistan – ตุรกีไครเมีย" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Lehistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="ตุรกีไครเมีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polsko" title="Polsko – เช็ก" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Polsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="เช็ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B2lsk%C3%B4" title="Pòlskô – คาซูเบียน" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Pòlskô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="คาซูเบียน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D2%84%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пол҄ьска – เชอร์ชสลาวิก" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Пол҄ьска" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="เชอร์ชสลาวิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – ชูวัช" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ชูวัช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwlad_Pwyl" title="Gwlad Pwyl – เวลส์" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwlad Pwyl" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="เวลส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความแนะนำ"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – เดนมาร์ก" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="เดนมาร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3lska" title="Pólska – ซอร์เบียตอนล่าง" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Pólska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="ซอร์เบียตอนล่าง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – ดูซุนกลาง" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="ดูซุนกลาง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="पोल्याण्ड – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="पोल्याण्ड" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%95%DE%AE%DE%8D%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%91%DE%AA" title="ޕޮލެންޑު – ธิเวหิ" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޕޮލެންޑު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="ธิเวหิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%B2" title="པོ་ལེནཌི – ซองคา" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="པོ་ལེནཌི" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="ซองคา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%94lisa" title="Pɔlisa – เอเว" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Pɔlisa" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="เอเว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Πολωνία – กรีก" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολωνία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="กรีก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pul%C3%B3gna" title="Pulógna – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Pulógna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคุณภาพ"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollando" title="Pollando – เอสเปรันโต" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pollando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="เอสเปรันโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poola" title="Poola – เอสโตเนีย" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Poola" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="เอสโตเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – บาสก์" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="บาสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo%C3%B1a" title="Poloña – เอกซ์เตรมาดูรา" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Poloña" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="เอกซ์เตรมาดูรา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="لهستان – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لهستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poloonya" title="Poloonya – ฟูลาห์" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Poloonya" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="ฟูลาห์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคุณภาพ"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puola" title="Puola – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puola" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poola" title="Poola – โวโร" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Poola" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="โวโร" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poladi" title="Poladi – ฟิจิ" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Poladi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="ฟิจิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3lland" title="Pólland – แฟโร" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Pólland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="แฟโร" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pologne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne – อาร์พิตา" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Pologne" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="อาร์พิตา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolen" title="Poolen – ฟริเซียนเหนือ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Poolen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนเหนือ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonie" title="Polonie – ฟรูลี" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Polonie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="ฟรูลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poalen" title="Poalen – ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Poalen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Pholainn" title="An Pholainn – ไอริช" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Pholainn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ไอริช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C5%9Fa" title="Polşa – กากาอุซ" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Polşa" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="กากาอุซ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" title="波蘭 – จีนกั้น" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="波蘭" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="จีนกั้น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B2gn" title="Pològn – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Pològn" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%27_Ph%C3%B2lainn" title="A' Phòlainn – เกลิกสกอต" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="A' Phòlainn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="เกลิกสกอต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – กาลิเซีย" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="กาลิเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B3%C3%B1a" title="Polóña – กัวรานี" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Polóña" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="กัวรานี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="पोलंड – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="पोलंड" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌰 – โกธิก" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="โกธิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A1" title="પોલેંડ – คุชราต" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પોલેંડ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="คุชราต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Pholynn" title="Yn Pholynn – มานซ์" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Pholynn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="มานซ์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – เฮาซา" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="เฮาซา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B4-l%C3%A0n" title="Pô-làn – จีนแคะ" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Pô-làn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="จีนแคะ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8Dlani" title="Pōlani – ฮาวาย" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Pōlani" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="ฮาวาย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9F" title="פולין – ฮิบรู" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פולין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ฮิบรู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="पोलैंड – ฮินดี" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पोलैंड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ฮินดี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – ฮินดีฟิจิ" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="ฮินดีฟิจิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska – โครเอเชีย" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Poljska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3lska" title="Pólska – ซอร์เบียตอนบน" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Pólska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="ซอร์เบียตอนบน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B2y" title="Polòy – เฮติครีโอล" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Polòy" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="เฮติครีโอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengyelorsz%C3%A1g" title="Lengyelország – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lengyelország" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Լեհաստան – อาร์เมเนีย" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեհաստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="อาร์เมเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Փոլոնիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փոլոնիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – อิบาน" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="อิบาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – อินเตอร์ลิงกิว" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="อินเตอร์ลิงกิว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – อิกโบ" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="อิกโบ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puulan" title="Puulan – อีนูเปียก" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Puulan" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="อีนูเปียก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – อีโลโก" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="อีโลโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Полхехье – อินกุช" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Полхехье" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="อินกุช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – อีโด" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="อีโด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3lland" title="Pólland – ไอซ์แลนด์" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pólland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ไอซ์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%B3%E1%93%9A%E1%93%90%E1%91%A6" title="ᐳᓚᓐᑦ – อินุกติตุต" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐳᓚᓐᑦ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="อินุกติตุต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="ポーランド – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポーランド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puolan" title="Puolan – อังกฤษคลีโอลจาเมกา" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Puolan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษคลีโอลจาเมกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/polskas" title="polskas – โลชบัน" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="polskas" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="โลชบัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – ชวา" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ชวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="პოლონეთი – จอร์เจีย" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პოლონეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="จอร์เจีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polsha" title="Polsha – การา-กาลพาก" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Polsha" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="การา-กาลพาก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulunda" title="Bulunda – กาไบล" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Bulunda" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="กาไบล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Лэхьый – คาบาร์เดีย" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Лэхьый" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="คาบาร์เดีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%94l%C9%94%C9%94%C3%B1%C9%A9" title="Pɔlɔɔñɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Pɔlɔɔñɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polan" title="Polan – ทีแยป" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Polan" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="ทีแยป" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne – คองโก" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Pologne" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="คองโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borandi" title="Borandi – กีกูยู" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Borandi" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="กีกูยู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – คาซัค" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="คาซัค" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%A1%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%89" title="ប្រទេសប៉ូឡូញ – เขมร" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ប្រទេសប៉ូឡូញ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="เขมร" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪೋಲೆಂಡ್ – กันนาดา" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪೋಲೆಂಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="กันนาดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="폴란드 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폴란드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Польска – โคมิ-เปียร์เมียค" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Польска" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="โคมิ-เปียร์เมียค" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – คาราไช-บัลคาร์" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="คาราไช-บัลคาร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="پولینڈ – แคชเมียร์" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="پولینڈ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="แคชเมียร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole" title="Pole – โคโลญ" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Pole" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="โคโลญ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – เคิร์ด" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – โกมิ" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="โกมิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poloni" title="Poloni – คอร์นิช" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Poloni" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="คอร์นิช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – คีร์กีซ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="คีร์กีซ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – ละติน" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ละติน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – ลาดิโน" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ลาดิโน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – ลักเซมเบิร์ก" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ลักเซมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – เลซเกีย" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="เลซเกีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polsca" title="Polsca – ลิงกัวฟรังกาโนวา" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Polsca" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="ลิงกัวฟรังกาโนวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bupoolo" title="Bupoolo – ยูกันดา" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Bupoolo" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ยูกันดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole" title="Pole – ลิมเบิร์ก" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Pole" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ลิมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – ลิกูเรีย" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ลิกูเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B2nia" title="Polònia – ลอมบาร์ด" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Polònia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ลอมบาร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poloni" title="Poloni – ลิงกาลา" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Poloni" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="ลิงกาลา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%9B%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%8C" title="ປະເທດໂປແລນດ໌ – ลาว" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດໂປແລນດ໌" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="ลาว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenkija" title="Lenkija – ลิทัวเนีย" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lenkija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ลิทัวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puoleja" title="Puoleja – ลัตเกล" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Puoleja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="ลัตเกล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polija" title="Polija – ลัตเวีย" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Polija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ลัตเวีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – มาดูรา" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="มาดูรา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="पोल्यान्ड – ไมถิลี" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="पोल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="ไมถิลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Полень мастор – มอคชา" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Полень мастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="มอคชา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B4l%C3%B4nia" title="Pôlônia – มาลากาซี" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pôlônia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="มาลากาซี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8Drana" title="Pōrana – เมารี" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pōrana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="เมารี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – มีนังกาเบา" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="มีนังกาเบา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Полска – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Полска" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="പോളണ്ട് – มาลายาลัม" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പോളണ്ട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="มาลายาลัม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88" title="Польш – มองโกเลีย" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Польш" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="มองโกเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯄꯣꯂꯦꯟ – มณีปุระ" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯣꯂꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="มณีปุระ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="पोलंड – มราฐี" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पोलंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="มราฐี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – มารีตะวันตก" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="มารีตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – มาเลย์" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="มาเลย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonja" title="Polonja – มอลตา" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Polonja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="มอลตา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B3nia" title="Polónia – มีรันดา" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Polónia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="มีรันดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ပိုလန်နိုင်ငံ – พม่า" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပိုလန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="พม่า" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Польша Мастор – เอียร์ซยา" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Польша Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="เอียร์ซยา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="لهستون – มาซันดารานี" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لهستون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="มาซันดารานี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulonnia" title="Pulonnia – นาโปลี" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Pulonnia" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="นาโปลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – เยอรมันต่ำ" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันต่ำ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – แซกซอนใต้" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="แซกซอนใต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="पोल्यान्ड – เนปาล" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पोल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="เนปาล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="पोल्याण्ड – เนวาร์" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पोल्याण्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="เนวาร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – โนเวียล" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="โนเวียล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%94%DF%8F%DF%9F%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%A2" title="ߔߏߟߐ߲ߢ – เอ็นโก" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߔߏߟߐ߲ߢ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="เอ็นโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polongne" title="Polongne – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Polongne" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – โซโทเหนือ" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="โซโทเหนือ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haltso_H%C3%B3teelnii_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Haltso Hóteelnii Bikéyah – นาวาโฮ" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Haltso Hóteelnii Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="นาวาโฮ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – เนียนจา" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="เนียนจา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha – อ็อกซิตัน" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Polonha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="อ็อกซิตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%27%C5%A1u" title="Pol'šu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Pol'šu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolaandi" title="Poolaandi – โอโรโม" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Poolaandi" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="โอโรโม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%C3%A6" title="Польшæ – ออสเซเตีย" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Польшæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ออสเซเตีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1" title="ਪੋਲੈਂਡ – ปัญจาบ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੋਲੈਂਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ปัญจาบ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – ปังกาซีนัน" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="ปังกาซีนัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – ปัมปังกา" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="ปัมปังกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – ปาเปียเมนโต" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="ปาเปียเมนโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonne" title="Polonne – ปิการ์" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Polonne" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="ปิการ์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – เยอรมันเพนซิลเวเนีย" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันเพนซิลเวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – เยอรมันพาลาทิเนต" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันพาลาทิเนต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="पोलैंड – บาลี" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="पोलैंड" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="บาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeland" title="Poeland – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Poeland" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polska" title="Polska – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B2nia" title="Polònia – พีดมอนต์" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Polònia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="พีดมอนต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="پولینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پولینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Πολωνία – พอนติก" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Πολωνία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="พอนติก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%DA%89" title="پولنډ – พัชโต" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پولنډ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="พัชโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B3nia" title="Polónia – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Polónia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulunya" title="Pulunya – เคชวา" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pulunya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="เคชวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pologna" title="Pologna – โรแมนซ์" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Pologna" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="โรแมนซ์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polska" title="Polska – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Polska" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne – บุรุนดี" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Pologne" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="บุรุนดี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคุณภาพ"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulunii" title="Pulunii – อาโรมาเนีย" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Pulunii" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="อาโรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulonie" title="Pulonie – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Pulonie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Польско – รูซิน" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Польско" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="รูซิน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonye" title="Polonye – รวันดา" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Polonye" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="รวันดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D" title="पोलॅण्ड् – สันสกฤต" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पोलॅण्ड्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="สันสกฤต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – ซาคา" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ซาคา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%B0" title="ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ – สันตาลี" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="สันตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B2nia" title="Polònia – ซาร์เดญา" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Polònia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="ซาร์เดญา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulonia" title="Pulonia – ซิซิลี" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pulonia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="ซิซิลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – สกอตส์" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="สกอตส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A" title="پولينڊ – สินธิ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پولينڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="สินธิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polska" title="Polska – ซามิเหนือ" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Polska" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="ซามิเหนือ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B6l%C3%B4ni" title="Pölôni – ซันโก" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Pölôni" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="ซันโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska – เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Poljska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulunya" title="Bulunya – ทาเชลีห์ท" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Bulunya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ทาเชลีห์ท" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းပူဝ်ႇလႅၼ်ႇ – ไทใหญ่" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းပူဝ်ႇလႅၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="ไทใหญ่" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA" title="පෝලන්තය – สิงหล" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පෝලන්තය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="สิงหล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C4%BEsko" title="Poľsko – สโลวัก" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Poľsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="สโลวัก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="پولینڈ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="پولینڈ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska – สโลวีเนีย" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Poljska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="สโลวีเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polani" title="Polani – ซามัว" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Polani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="ซามัว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puola" title="Puola – ซามิอีนารี" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Puola" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="ซามิอีนารี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandi" title="Polandi – โชนา" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Polandi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="โชนา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boland" title="Boland – โซมาลี" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Boland" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="โซมาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia – แอลเบเนีย" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Polonia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="แอลเบเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%99%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пољска – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пољска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polikondre" title="Polikondre – สรานานตองโก" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Polikondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="สรานานตองโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPholandi" title="IPholandi – สวาติ" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IPholandi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="สวาติ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – โซโทใต้" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="โซโทใต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – ฟรีเซียนซัทเธอร์แลนด์" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="ฟรีเซียนซัทเธอร์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandia" title="Polandia – ซุนดา" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Polandia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="ซุนดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความแนะนำ"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polen" title="Polen – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Polen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandi" title="Polandi – สวาฮีลี" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Polandi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="สวาฮีลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polsko" title="Polsko – ไซลีเซีย" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Polsko" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="ไซลีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="போலந்து – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போலந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="పోలాండ్ – เตลูกู" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పోలాండ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="เตลูกู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%B3nia" title="Polónia – เตตุม" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Polónia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="เตตุม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Лаҳистон – ทาจิก" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Лаҳистон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ทาจิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%96%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="ፖላንድ – ติกริญญา" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ፖላንድ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="ติกริญญา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C5%9Fa" title="Polşa – เติร์กเมน" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Polşa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="เติร์กเมน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – ตากาล็อก" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ตากาล็อก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C5%A1a" title="Polša – ทาลิช" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Polša" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="ทาลิช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polani" title="Polani – ตองกา" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Polani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="ตองกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polan" title="Polan – ท็อกพิซิน" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Polan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ท็อกพิซิน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poran" title="Poran – ทาโรโก" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Poran" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="ทาโรโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polendi" title="Polendi – ซองกา" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Polendi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="ซองกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – ตาตาร์" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="ตาตาร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – ทุมบูกา" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="ทุมบูกา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – ทวิ" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="ทวิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8Drana" title="Pōrana – ตาฮิตี" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Pōrana" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="ตาฮิตี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – ตูวา" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="ตูวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Польша – อุดมูร์ต" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Польша" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="อุดมูร์ต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%95%DA%BE%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="لەھىستان – อุยกูร์" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="لەھىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="อุยกูร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%89%D0%B0" title="Польща – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Польща" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="پولینڈ – อูรดู" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پولینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="อูรดู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polsha" title="Polsha – อุซเบก" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Polsha" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="อุซเบก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland – เวนดา" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Poland" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="เวนดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82%C3%B2nia" title="Połònia – เวเนโต้" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Połònia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="เวเนโต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%27%C5%A1anma" title="Pol'šanma – เวปส์" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Pol'šanma" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="เวปส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba_Lan" title="Ba Lan – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ba Lan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pooln" title="Pooln – เฟลมิชตะวันตก" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Pooln" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="เฟลมิชตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%A4n" title="Polän – โวลาพึค" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Polän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="โวลาพึค" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne – วอลลูน" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pologne" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="วอลลูน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya – วาเรย์" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Polonya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="วาเรย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo%C3%B1" title="Poloñ – โวลอฟ" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Poloñ" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="โวลอฟ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0" title="波兰 – จีนอู๋" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="波兰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="จีนอู๋" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPoland" title="IPoland – คะห์โอซา" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IPoland" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="คะห์โอซา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="პოლონეთი – เมเกรเลีย" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პოლონეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="เมเกรเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%9F" title="פוילן – ยิดดิช" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פוילן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ยิดดิช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3l%C3%A1nd%C3%AC" title="Pólándì – โยรูบา" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Pólándì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="โยรูบา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohlanz" title="Bohlanz – จ้วง" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bohlanz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="จ้วง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C3%B4l%27n" title="Poôl'n – เซแลนด์" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Poôl'n" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="เซแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B7%E2%B4%B0" title="ⴱⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ – ทามาไซต์โมร็อกโกมาตรฐาน" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴱⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="ทามาไซต์โมร็อกโกมาตรฐาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0" title="波兰 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="波兰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" title="波蘭 – จีนคลาสสิก" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="波蘭" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="จีนคลาสสิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pho-l%C3%A2n" title="Pho-lân – จีนมินหนาน" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pho-lân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="จีนมินหนาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" title="波蘭 – กวางตุ้ง" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="波蘭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="กวางตุ้ง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPolandi" title="IPolandi – ซูลู" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IPolandi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="ซูลู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ดูหน้าเนื้อหา [c]" accesskey="c"><span>บทความ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//th.wikipedia.org/wiki/วิกิพีเดีย:อัปโหลด" title="อัปโหลดไฟล์ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>อัปโหลดไฟล์</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&oldid=12019779" title="ลิงก์ถาวรมารุ่นนี้ของหน้านี้"><span>ลิงก์ถาวร</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=info" title="ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหน้านี้"><span>สารสนเทศหน้า</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&page=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&id=12019779&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงบทความนี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B9%258C"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B9%258C"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Polska" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="พิกัดภูมิศาสตร์">พิกัด</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11440494">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&params=52_N_20_E_type:country_region:PL"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้"><span class="latitude">52°N</span> <span class="longitude">20°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้">52°N 20°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52; 20</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(เปลี่ยนทางจาก <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="โปแลนด์">โปแลนด์</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">ประเทศในยุโรปกลาง</div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11440494">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&params=52_N_20_E_type:country_region:PL"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้"><span class="latitude">52°N</span> <span class="longitude">20°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้">52°N 20°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52; 20</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em;font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="adr" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์</div><br /><div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;"><span title="ข้อความภาษาโปแลนด์"><i lang="pl">Rzeczpospolita Polska</i></span> <span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:0.95em;font-weight:bold;color:#555;white-space:nowrap;">(โปแลนด์)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ธงชาติโปแลนด์"><img alt="ธงชาติโปแลนด์" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/125px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/188px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/250px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ธงชาติโปแลนด์">ธงชาติ</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Herb_Polski.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ตราแผ่นดินของโปแลนด์"><img alt="ตราแผ่นดินของโปแลนด์" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Herb_Polski.svg/85px-Herb_Polski.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Herb_Polski.svg/128px-Herb_Polski.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Herb_Polski.svg/170px-Herb_Polski.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3158" data-file-height="3716" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ตราแผ่นดินของโปแลนด์"> ตราแผ่นดิน</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="anthem" style="text-align:center"><div style="line-height:1.2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="เพลงชาติ">เพลงชาติ</a>: </b>"<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD" title="มาซูแร็กดอมบรอฟสกีแยกอ">มาซูแร็กดอมบรอฟสกีแยกอ</a>"<br />(<abbr title="การแปลตรงตัว">แปลว่า</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> "บทเพลงมาเซอร์กาของดอมบรอฟสกี"</span>)<div style="padding-top:0.5em;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="43" data-mwtitle="Mazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Mazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Mazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg/Mazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=ab&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ab" label="аԥсшәа ‪(ab)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=be-tarask&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="be-tarask" label="беларуская (тарашкевіца) ‪(be-tarask)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=bs&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bs" label="bosanski ‪(bs)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=cs&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="cs" label="čeština ‪(cs)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=hu&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="hu" label="magyar ‪(hu)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=it&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="it" label="italiano ‪(it)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語 ‪(ja)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=lb&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lb" label="Lëtzebuergesch ‪(lb)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=ms&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ms" label="Bahasa Melayu ‪(ms)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=nl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="nl" label="Nederlands ‪(nl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=pl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pl" label="polski ‪(pl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=pt-br&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt-BR" label="português do Brasil ‪(pt-br)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=sl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sl" label="slovenščina ‪(sl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=th&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="th" label="ไทย ‪(th)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=tl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tl" label="Tagalog ‪(tl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=zh-hans&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文（简体） ‪(zh-hans)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMazurek_Dabrowskiego.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:EU-Poland_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/EU-Poland_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-EU-Poland_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/EU-Poland_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-EU-Poland_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/EU-Poland_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-EU-Poland_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none" data-switcher-default="">แสดงลูกโลก</span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:EU-Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/EU-Poland.svg/250px-EU-Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/EU-Poland.svg/375px-EU-Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/EU-Poland.svg/500px-EU-Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">แสดงแผนที่ยุโรป</span></div></div><div style="position:relative;top:0.3em;"><div style="text-align:center;font-size:11px;line-height:1.15em;"><span style="font-size:11px;">ที่ตั้งของ<span style="font-size:2px;"> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ประเทศโปแลนด์</a><span style="font-size:8px;"><span class="nowrap">  </span></span>(<span style="font-size:9px;">เขียวเข้ม</span>)</span><p style="width:250px;font-size:11px;text-align:left;margin-left:1.2ex;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:1.15em;">– ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="ยุโรป">ยุโรป</a><span style="font-size:8px;"><span class="nowrap">  </span></span>(<span style="font-size:9px;">เขียว & เทาเข้ม</span>)<br />– ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="สหภาพยุโรป">สหภาพยุโรป</a><span style="font-size:8px;"><span class="nowrap">  </span></span>(<span style="font-size:9px;">เขียว</span>)  —  [<span style="font-size:10px;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:EU-Poland.svg" title="ไฟล์:EU-Poland.svg">คำอธิบายสัญลักษณ์</a></span>]</p></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87" title="เมืองหลวง">เมืองหลวง</a><br /><div style="font-weight:normal">และเมืองใหญ่สุด</div></th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD" title="วอร์ซอ">วอร์ซอ</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11440494"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&params=52_13_N_21_02_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้"><span class="latitude">52°13′N</span> <span class="longitude">21°02′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้">52.217°N 21.033°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.217; 21.033</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ภาษาราชการ">ภาษาราชการ</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ภาษาโปแลนด์">โปแลนด์</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%8C" title="กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์">กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"> (พ.ศ. 2554<sup id="cite_ref-GUS97_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GUS97-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GUS98_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GUS98-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th><td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12102239">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>98% <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ชาวโปแลนด์">ชาวโปแลนด์</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>2% <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C#ชนกลุ่มน้อย" title="ชาวโปแลนด์">อื่น ๆ หรือไม่ระบุ</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">ศาสนา <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"> (พ.ศ. 2562<sup id="cite_ref-2019_Eurobarometer_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2019_Eurobarometer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th><td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12102239"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="white-space:nowrap;">90% <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ศาสนาคริสต์">ศาสนาคริสต์</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">—86% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="โรมันคาทอลิกในประเทศโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">โรมันคาทอลิก</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">—4% นิกายอื่น ๆ</li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">6% <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="การไม่มีศาสนา">ไม่มีศาสนา</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">1% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ศาสนาในประเทศโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อื่น ๆ</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">3% ไม่ตอบ</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1" title="เดมะนิม">เดมะนิม</a></th><td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12093835">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ชาวโปแลนด์">ชาวโปแลนด์</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">การปกครอง</th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2" title="สาธารณรัฐระบบรัฐสภา">สาธารณรัฐแบบรัฐสภา</a> (<i>โดยนิตินัย</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-CIA-2021_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-2021-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประธานาธิบดีโปแลนด์">ประธานาธิบดี</a> </div></th><td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="อันด์แชย์ ดูดา">อันด์แชย์ ดูดา</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="นายกรัฐมนตรีแห่งสาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">นายกรัฐมนตรี</a> </div></th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="ดอนัลต์ ตุสก์">ดอนัลต์ ตุสก์</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row">สภานิติบัญญัติ</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="รัฐสภาโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">รัฐสภา</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%87" title="สภาสูง">สภาสูง</a></div></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วุฒิสภาโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">วุฒิสภา</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="สภาล่าง">สภาล่าง</a></div></th><td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="เซย์ม (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เซย์ม</a></i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประวัติศาสตร์โปแลนด์">ก่อตั้ง</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="การทำให้เป็นคริสเตียนในประเทศโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">การทำให้เป็นคริสเตียนในประเทศโปแลนด์</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></th><td>14 เมษายน ค.ศ. 966</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C_(%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1025%E2%80%931385)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ราชอาณาจักรโปแลนด์ (ค.ศ. 1025–1385) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ราชอาณาจักรโปแลนด์</a></span> </div></th><td>18 เมษายน ค.ศ. 1025</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E2%80%93%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="เครือจักรภพโปแลนด์–ลิทัวเนีย">เครือจักรภพโปแลนด์–ลิทัวเนีย</a> </div></th><td>1 กรกฎาคม ค.ศ. 1569</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="การแบ่งโปแลนด์">การแบ่งโปแลนด์</a></span> </div></th><td>24 ตุลาคม ค.ศ. 1795</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C_(%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1918%E2%80%931939)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ประวัติศาสตร์โปแลนด์ (ค.ศ. 1918–1939) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สาธารณรัฐที่ 2</a></span> </div></th><td>11 พฤศจิกายน ค.ศ. 1918</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="รัฐบาลพลัดถิ่นโปแลนด์">รัฐบาลพลัดถิ่น</a></span> </div></th><td>17 กันยายน ค.ศ. 1939</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="สาธารณรัฐประชาชนโปแลนด์">สาธารณรัฐประชาชน</a></span> </div></th><td>19 กุมภาพันธ์ ค.ศ. 1947</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C_(%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1989%E2%80%93%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ประวัติศาสตร์โปแลนด์ (ค.ศ. 1989–ปัจจุบัน) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สาธารณรัฐที่ 3</a></span> </div></th><td>31 ธันวาคม ค.ศ. 1989<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;">พื้นที่</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• รวม</div></th><td>312,696<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ตารางกิโลเมตร (120,733 ตารางไมล์)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94" title="รายชื่อประเทศและเขตการปกครองเรียงตามขนาดพื้นที่ทั้งหมด">อันดับที่ 69</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3" title="รายชื่อประเทศและเขตการปกครองเรียงตามร้อยละของพื้นที่แหล่งน้ำ">แหล่งน้ำ (%)</a></div></th><td>1.48 (ณ ปี 2558)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;">ประชากร</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 2563 ประมาณ</div></th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="ลดลงเป็นกลาง"><img alt="ลดลงเป็นกลาง" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Decrease_Neutral.svg/11px-Decrease_Neutral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Decrease_Neutral.svg/17px-Decrease_Neutral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Decrease_Neutral.svg/22px-Decrease_Neutral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="346" /></span></span> 38,268,000<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามจำนวนประชากร">อันดับที่ 38</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="ความหนาแน่นประชากร">ความหนาแน่น</a></div></th><td>123 ต่อตารางกิโลเมตร (318.6 ต่อตารางไมล์) (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามความหนาแน่นประชากร">อันดับที่ 83</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="ผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ">จีดีพี</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ความเท่าเทียมกันของอำนาจซื้อ">อำนาจซื้อ</a>)</span> </th><td>2564 (ประมาณ)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• รวม</div></th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="เพิ่มขึ้น"><img alt="เพิ่มขึ้น" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.363 ล้านล้านดอลลาร์<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOPL-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8_(%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94)" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ (ราคาตลาด)">อันดับที่ 19</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7" title="ต่อหัว">ต่อหัว</a></div></th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="เพิ่มขึ้น"><img alt="เพิ่มขึ้น" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 35,957 ดอลลาร์<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOPL-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7_(%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศต่อหัว (อำนาจซื้อ) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อันดับที่ 39</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="ผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ">จีดีพี</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(ราคาตลาด)</span> </th><td>2564 (ประมาณ)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• รวม</div></th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="เพิ่มขึ้น"><img alt="เพิ่มขึ้น" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 642 พันล้านดอลลาร์<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOPL-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8_(%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94)" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ (ราคาตลาด)">อันดับที่ 22</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7" title="ต่อหัว">ต่อหัว</a></div></th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="เพิ่มขึ้น"><img alt="เพิ่มขึ้น" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 16,930 ดอลลาร์<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOPL-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7_(%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศต่อหัว (ราคาตลาด) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อันดับที่ 44</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="สัมประสิทธิ์จีนี">จีนี</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2562)</span></th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 28.5<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:forestgreen">ต่ำ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="ดัชนีการพัฒนามนุษย์">เอชดีไอ</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2562)</span></th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="เพิ่มขึ้น"><img alt="เพิ่มขึ้น" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.880<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:darkgreen">สูงมาก</span></span> · <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามดัชนีการพัฒนามนุษย์">อันดับที่ 35</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">สกุลเงิน</th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="ซวอตือโปแลนด์">ซวอตือ</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">PLN</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2" title="เขตเวลา">เขตเวลา</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="เวลาสากลเชิงพิกัด">UTC</a>+1</span> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="เวลายุโรปกลาง">เวลายุโรปกลาง</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• ฤดูร้อน (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87" title="เวลาออมแสง">เวลาออมแสง</a>)</div></th><td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="เวลาสากลเชิงพิกัด">UTC</a>+2</span> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="เวลาออมแสงยุโรปกลาง">เวลาออมแสงยุโรปกลาง</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วันที่ตามปฏิทิน (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">รูปแบบวันที่</a></th><td>dd/mm/yyyy <span style="font-size:85%;">(ค.ศ.)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ระบบจราจรซ้ายมือและขวามือ">ขับรถด้าน</a></th><td>ขวา</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="รหัสโทรศัพท์ระหว่างประเทศ">รหัสโทรศัพท์</a></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telephone_numbers_in_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telephone numbers in Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">+48</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="โดเมนระดับบนสุดตามรหัสประเทศ">โดเมนบนสุด</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/.pl" title=".pl">.pl</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div style="line-height:11pt"><b>เว็บไซต์</b><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://poland.pl/">poland.pl</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9909451">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output 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1385–1569)">ราชอาณาจักรโปแลนด์แห่งยากีลโล</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C-%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="เครือจักรภพโปแลนด์-ลิทัวเนีย">เครือจักรภพโปแลนด์-ลิทัวเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="การแบ่งโปแลนด์">การแบ่งโปแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ราชอาณาจักรกาลิเซียและโลโดมีเรีย (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">กาลิเซียและโลโดมีเรีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD" title="ดัชชีวอร์ซอ">ดัชชีวอร์ซอ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="คองเกรสโปแลนด์">คองเกรสโปแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="เสรีนครกรากุฟ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เสรีนครกรากุฟ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ดัชชีโปเซ็น (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ดัชชีโปเซ็น</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ดัชชีกรากุฟ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ดัชชีกรากุฟ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C_(%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1916%E2%80%931918)" class="mw-redirect" title="ราชอาณาจักรโปแลนด์ (ค.ศ. 1916–1918)">ราชอาณาจักรผู้สำเร็จราชการแผ่นดิน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_2" title="สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์ที่ 2">สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์ที่ 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="รัฐใต้ดินโปแลนด์">รัฐใต้ดินโปแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="สาธารณรัฐประชาชนโปแลนด์">สาธารณรัฐประชาชนโปแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="รัฐบาลพลัดถิ่นโปแลนด์">รัฐบาลพลัดถิ่นโปแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="mw-disambig" title="สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์">สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12093835"><style 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href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="แม่แบบ:รัฐภาวะโปแลนด์"><abbr title="ดูแม่แบบนี้">ด</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-คุย"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="คุยเรื่องแม่แบบ:รัฐภาวะโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)"><abbr title="อภิปรายแม่แบบนี้">ค</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-แก้"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:EditPage/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="พิเศษ:EditPage/แม่แบบ:รัฐภาวะโปแลนด์"><abbr title="แก้ไขแม่แบบนี้">ก</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>โปแลนด์</b><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> มีชื่ออย่างเป็นทางการว่า <b>สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์</b><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="ประเทศ">ประเทศ</a>ในตอนกลางของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="ทวีปยุโรป">ยุโรป</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> แบ่งออกเป็น 16 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voivodeships_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voivodeships of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">จังหวัด</a> ครอบคลุมพื้นที่กว่า 312,696 ตารางกิโลเมตร (120,733 ตารางไมล์) และมีภูมิอากาศ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="ภูมิอากาศแบบอบอุ่น">แบบอบอุ่นตามฤดูกาล</a>เป็นส่วนใหญ่<sup id="cite_ref-CSO_2008_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSO_2008-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> โปแลนด์มีประชากรเกือบ 38.5 ล้านคน และเป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="รัฐสมาชิกสหภาพยุโรป">รัฐสมาชิก</a>ที่มีประชากรมากที่สุดเป็นอันดับ 5 ของสหภาพยุโรป<sup id="cite_ref-CSO_2008_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSO_2008-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> โดยมี<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD" title="วอร์ซอ">วอร์ซอ</a> เป็นเมืองหลวงและ<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of cities and towns in Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เมืองที่ใหญ่ที่สุด</a>ของประเทศ โดยมีเมืองใหญ่อื่น ๆ ได้แก่ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9F" title="กรากุฟ">กรากุฟ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="วุช">วุช</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9F" title="วรอตสวัฟ">วรอตสวัฟ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D" title="ปอซนัญ">ปอซนัญ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="กดัญสก์">กดัญสก์</a> และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ชแชชิน">ชแชชิน</a> </p><p>ดินแดนที่มีความหลากหลายทางภูมิศาสตร์ของโปแลนด์นั้น ครอบคลุมตั้งแต่ชายฝั่งตามแนว<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ทะเลบอลติก">ทะเลบอลติก</a>ทางตอนเหนือของประเทศ ไปจนถึง<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudetes (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เทือกเขาชูแดแรส</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="เทือกเขาคาร์เพเทียน">คาร์เพเทียน</a>ทางตอนใต้ โปแลนด์มีพรมแดนทางทิศตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือติดกับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศลิทัวเนีย">ลิทัวเนีย</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศรัสเซีย">รัสเซีย</a> (ผ่านทาง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="แคว้นคาลินินกราด">แคว้นคาลินินกราด</a>) ทิศตะวันออกติดกับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศเบลารุส">เบลารุส</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศยูเครน">ยูเครน</a> ทิศใต้ติดกับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศสโลวาเกีย">สโลวาเกีย</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเช็กเกีย">เช็กเกีย</a> และทิศตะวันตกติดกับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศเยอรมนี">เยอรมนี</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประวัติศาสตร์โปแลนด์">ประวัติศาสตร์</a>ของมนุษย์ที่<a href="/w/index.php?title=Prehistory_and_protohistory_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prehistory and protohistory of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">มีชีวิตชีวาบนผืนดินของโปแลนด์</a> มีระยะเวลาอยู่เป็นหลายพันปี ตลอด<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="ยุคโบราณตอนปลาย">ยุคโบราณตอนปลาย</a>มีความหลากหลายอย่างกว้างขว้าง โดยมีวัฒนธรรมและชนเผ่าต่าง ๆ ได้ตั้งรกรากอยู่บน<a href="/w/index.php?title=North_European_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North European Plain (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ที่ราบในยุโรปกลาง</a>อันกว้างใหญ่ อย่างไรก็ตาม <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polans_(western)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polans (western) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชาวโปลันด์ตะวันตก</a>เป็นผู้ที่ครอบครองภูมิภาคแห่งนี้ และก็ได้<a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Name of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ตั้งชื่อให้กับภูมิภาคนี้ว่าโปแลนด์</a> การสถาปนารัฐโปแลนด์นั้นสามารถย้อนรอยไปถึง ค.ศ. 966 เมื่อมี<a href="/wiki/Mieszko_I_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mieszko I of Poland">ผู้ปกครอง</a>นอกรีตแห่งราชอาณาจักรที่อยู่ร่วมกับดินแดนของประเทศโปแลนด์ในปัจจุบัน ได้ยอมรับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ศาสนาคริสต์">ศาสนาคริสต์</a> และได้เปลี่ยนมานับถือ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="โรมันคาทอลิก">คริสต์นิกายโรมันคาทอลิก</a><sup id="cite_ref-A_Concise_History_of_Poland_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_Concise_History_of_Poland-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C_(%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1025%E2%80%931569)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ราชอาณาจักรโปแลนด์ (ค.ศ. 1025–1569) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ราชอาณาจักรโปแลนด์</a>ถูกก่อตั้งขึ้นใน ค.ศ. 1025 และใน ค.ศ. 1569 ก็ได้ประสาน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C-%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="สหราชอาณาจักรโปแลนด์-ลิทัวเนีย">ความสัมพันธ์ทางการเมืองที่มีมายาวนาน</a>กับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="แกรนด์ดัชชีลิทัวเนีย">ลิทัวเนีย</a> โดยการลงนามใน<a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_of_Lublin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union of Lublin (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สหภาพลูบลิน</a> สหภาพนี้ได้ก่อตั้ง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E2%80%93%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="เครือจักรภพโปแลนด์–ลิทัวเนีย">เครือจักรภพโปแลนด์–ลิทัวเนีย</a> ซึ่งเป็นหนึ่งในประเทศที่มีพื้นที่มากที่สุด (มีพื้นที่มากกว่า หนึ่ง ล้าน ตารางกิโลเมตร หรือ 400,000 ตารางไมล์) และเป็นประเทศที่มีประชากรมากที่สุดในยุโรป ภายในคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 16 ถึง 17 โดยมีระบบการเมืองเป็นแบบเสรีที่มี<a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Liberty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golden Liberty (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เอกลักษณ์เฉพาะ</a> ซึ่งได้รับเอารัฐธรรมนูญสมัยใหม่ เป็นฉบับแรกของยุโรปมาใช้ นั่นคือ <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_3_May_1791" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of 3 May 1791">รัฐธรรมนูญวันที่ 3 พฤษภาคม ค.ศ. 1791</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>หลังผ่านพ้น<a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_Golden_Age&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polish Golden Age (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ความโดดเด่นและความรุ่งเรือง</a>แล้วนั้น เครือจักรภพโปแลนด์–ลิทัวเนียก็ถูก<a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Partitions of Poland">แบ่งดินแดนโดยประเทศเพื่อนบ้านของเครือจักรภพโปแลนด์–ลิทัวเนีย</a> เมื่อช่วงปลายคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 18 และได้รับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_2" title="สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์ที่ 2">เอกราช</a>อีกครั้งใน ค.ศ. 1918 ด้วย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="สนธิสัญญาแวร์ซาย">สนธิสัญญาแวร์ซาย</a> หลังจาก<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Poland_(1918%E2%80%9339)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Poland (1918–39) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ความขัดแย้งทางด้านดินแดน</a>อยู่หลายครั้ง โปแลนด์ซึ่งเป็นรัฐหลายชนชาตินั้น ได้รับการฟื้นฟูสถานะเป็นผู้เล่นหลักในการเมืองของยุโรป ในเดือนกันยายน ค.ศ. 1939 <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="สงครามโลกครั้งที่สอง">สงครามโลกครั้งที่สอง</a>เริ่มต้นขึ้นด้วย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="การบุกครองโปแลนด์">การรุกรานโปแลนด์</a>โดย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="นาซีเยอรมนี">นาซีเยอรมนี</a> ตามมาด้วย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95" title="สหภาพโซเวียต">สหภาพโซเวียต</a>ที่รุกรานโปแลนด์ตาม<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E2%80%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E" title="กติกาสัญญาโมโลตอฟ–ริบเบินทร็อพ">กติกาสัญญาโมโลตอฟ–ริบเบินทร็อพ</a> พลเมืองชาวโปแลนด์ประมาณ 6 ล้านคน รวมถึง<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Holocaust_in_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Holocaust in Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชาวยิวในประเทศ</a>จำนวน 3 ล้านคน เสียชีวิตลงตลอดช่วงระหว่างสงคราม<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-szma_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-szma-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ในฐานะที่เป็นรัฐสมาชิกของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="กลุ่มตะวันออก">กลุ่มตะวันออก</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="สาธารณรัฐประชาชนโปแลนด์">สาธารณรัฐประชาชนโปแลนด์</a>ได้ประกาศโดยทันทีว่า ประเทศของตนเป็นหัวหน้าในการลงนาม<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD" title="กติกาสัญญาวอร์ซอ">สนธิสัญญาวอร์ซอ</a> ท่ามกลางความตึงเครียดใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99" title="สงครามเย็น">สงครามเย็น</a> ที่เกิดขึ้นทั่วโลก ภายหลัง<a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolutions_of_1989&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolutions of 1989 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เหตุการณ์ใน ค.ศ. 1989</a> โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งจากการเกิดขึ้นและการมีส่วนร่วมของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5" title="โซลิดาริตี">ขบวนการโซลิดาริตี</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="สหพรรคแรงงานโปแลนด์">รัฐบาลคอมมิวนิสต์</a>ถูก<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fall_of_communism_in_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fall of communism in Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ยุบ</a> และโปแลนด์ก็ได้สถาปนาตนเองขึ้นมาใหม่ ในฐานะสาธารณรัฐ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A2" title="ประชาธิปไตย">ประชาธิปไตย</a> </p><p>โปแลนด์ถือเป็น<a href="/w/index.php?title=Developed_market&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Developed market (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ตลาดที่พัฒนาแล้ว</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> และเป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ประเทศอำนาจปานกลาง">ประเทศอำนาจปานกลาง</a> โดยเป็นประเทศที่ใหญ่เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8_(%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94)" title="รายชื่อประเทศเรียงตามผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ (ราคาตลาด)">อันดับที่ 6</a> ของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="สหภาพยุโรป">สหภาพยุโรป</a> ตาม<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="ผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ">ผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ</a> (อำนาจตลาด) และใหญ่เป็น<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อันดับที่ 5</a> ตาม<a href="/w/index.php?title=GDP_(PPP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GDP (PPP) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ภาวะเสมอภาคของอำนาจซื้อ</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> โปแลนด์ให้<a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard of living">มาตรฐานการครองชีพ</a> ความปลอดภัย และ<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_freedom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic freedom (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เสรีภาพทางเศรษฐกิจ</a>ที่สูงมาก<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> เช่นเดียวกับ<a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">การศึกษาในระดับมหาวิทยาลัย</a> ที่ไม่ต้องเสียค่าเล่าเรียน และระบบ<a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">หลักประกันสุขภาพแบบถ้วนหน้า</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ประเทศนี้มี<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World Heritage Sites of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แหล่งมรดกโลก</a>ของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81" title="ยูเนสโก">ยูเนสโก</a>อยู่ 17 แห่ง โดย 15 แห่งเป็นแหล่งมรดกโลกทางวัฒนธรรม<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> โปแลนด์เป็นรัฐสมาชิกของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="เขตเชงเกน">เขตเชงเกน</a>, สหภาพยุโรป, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="เขตเศรษฐกิจยุโรป">เขตเศรษฐกิจยุโรป</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="สหประชาชาติ">สหประชาชาติ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97" title="เนโท">เนโท</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88" class="mw-redirect" title="องค์การเพื่อความร่วมมือและการพัฒนาทางเศรษฐกิจ">องค์การเพื่อความร่วมมือและการพัฒนาทางเศรษฐกิจ</a> และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="กลุ่มวิแชกราด">กลุ่มวิแชกราด</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="นิรุกติศาสตร์"><span id=".E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B8.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A8.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.8C"></span>นิรุกติศาสตร์</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: นิรุกติศาสตร์"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ชื่อของประเทศโปแลนด์ในภาษาแม่ว่า <i>Polska</i> นั้น มีมาจาก<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lechites&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lechites (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชนเผ่าเลติช</a>ของ<a href="/w/index.php?title=Polans_(western)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polans (western) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชาวโปลันด์ตะวันตก</a> ซึ่งอาศัยอยู่บริเวณลุ่ม<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2" title="แม่น้ำวาร์ตา">แม่น้ำวาร์ตา</a> ซึ่งในปัจจุบันคือภูมิภาค<a href="/w/index.php?title=Greater_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greater Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">วีแยลกอปอลสกา</a> โดยเริ่มมาตั้งแต่กลางคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 6<sup id="cite_ref-:0_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ชื่อของชนเผ่านี้มีต้นกำเนิดมาจาก<a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Indo-European language (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ภาษาโปรโต-อินโด-ยุโรป</a> คำว่า <i>*pleh₂-</i> (ที่ราบ) และ<a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Slavic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Slavic (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ภาษาโปรโต-สลาวิก</a> คำว่า <i>pole</i> (ทุ่งกว้าง)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ในทางนิรุกติศาสตร์นั้นได้มีการพลิกแพลงคำจาก<a href="/w/index.php?title=Topography&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Topography (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ภูมิลักษณ์</a>ของภูมิภาคและภูมิประเทศอันราบเรียบของวีแยลกอปอลสกา<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ชื่อประเทศโปแลนด์ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">ภาษาอังกฤษ</a>นั้น (<i>Poland</i>) ถูกประดิษฐ์คำขึ้นในคริสต์ทศวรรษที่ 1560 โดยมาจาก<a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_High_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle High German (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ภาษาเยอรมันกลาง-สูง</a> คำว่า <i>Pole(n)</i> และได้เติมคำหลังต่อท้ายว่า <i>land</i> ที่มีความหมายว่า ผู้คนหรือประเทศชาติ<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ก่อนที่จะถูกเอามาใช้ ส่วนชื่อประเทศโปแลนด์ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ภาษาละติน">ภาษาละติน</a> (<i>Polonia</i>) ก็ถูกนำมาใช้อย่างกว้างขวาง ทั่วยุโรปภายใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" class="mw-redirect" title="ยุคกลาง">ยุคกลาง</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ประวัติศาสตร์"><span id=".E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B0.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A8.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.8C"></span>ประวัติศาสตร์</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ประวัติศาสตร์"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9751016">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">บทความหลัก: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประวัติศาสตร์โปแลนด์">ประวัติศาสตร์โปแลนด์</a></div> <p>โปแลนด์เคยเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของสหภาพโซเวียต ใน<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="การรบวอร์ซอ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">การรบวอร์ซอ</a> โปแลนด์ต้องสู้กับสหภาพโซเวียตที่มีทหารมากกว่าถึงห้าเท่า แต่ทหารโปแลนด์ที่รักชาติก็สามารถขับไล่รัสเซียออกไปได้ ต่อมาโปแลนด์เกิดความขัดแย้งภายในประเทศ นาซีเยอรมนีได้เรียกร้องผนวกท่าเรือเสรีดานซิกแต่โปแลนด์ปฏิเสธ นาซีเยอรมนีกับสหภาพโซเวียตได้ทำสนธิสัญญาโมโลตอฟ-ริบเบนทรอพและร่วมมือกันเข้ายึดครองโปแลนด์ ในปี พ.ศ. 2482 โดยเยอรมนีจะเข้ายึดด้านตะวันตก ส่วนสหภาพโซเวียตจะเข้ายึดด้านตะวันออก แต่รัฐบาลของโปแลนด์ได้หลบลี้ภัยไปยังประเทศอังกฤษและจัดตั้งเป็นรัฐบาลพลัดถิ่นทำการต่อสู้กับนาซีเยอรมนีต่อไป </p><p>ในระหว่างอยู่ภายใต้การครอบครองของนาซีเยอรมัน นาซีได้ทำการกวาดต้อนชาวยิวในโปแลนด์หลายล้านคนไปยังค่ายกักกัน โดยเฉพาะค่ายกักกันเอาชวิตซ์ และทำการสังหารหมู่อย่างโหดและทารุณ ต่อมาในปี 1945 กองทัพแดงแห่งสหภาพโซเวียตได้เข้ายึดครองโปแลนด์และได้ให้ปกครองด้วยระบอบคอมมิวนิสต์ หลังสงครามโลกครั้งที่สองและสงครามเย็น ประเทศโปแลนด์ได้เป็นหนึ่งในสมาชิกของประเทศในยุโรปตะวันออกที่ปกครองด้วยระบอบคอมมิวนิสต์ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ภูมิศาสตร์"><span id=".E0.B8.A0.E0.B8.B9.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A8.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.8C"></span>ภูมิศาสตร์</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=3" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ภูมิศาสตร์"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ที่ตั้ง ตั้งอยู่ใจกลางทวีปยุโรป มีพรมแดนติด 7 ประเทศ ได้แก่ ทิศเหนือจรดรัสเซีย (แคว้นคาลีนินกราด) ทิศตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือและทิศตะวันออกจรดลิทัวเนีย เบลารุส และยูเครน ทิศใต้จรดสโลวาเกียและสาธารณรัฐเช็ก ทิศตะวันตกจรดเยอรมนี และทิศเหนือจรดทะเลบอลติก </p><p>ภูมิประเทศ เป็นพื้นที่ราบเกือบทั้งประเทศ นอกจากบริเวณชายแดนทางใต้เป็นทิวเขาตาตรา ซึ่งเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของเทือกเขาคาร์เพเทียและภูเขาซูดีทีส ซึ่งมียอดเขาสูงที่สุดคือยอด Rysy สูงจากระดับน้ำทะเล 8,200 ฟุต เป็นพรมแดนธรรมชาติกั้นระหว่างโปแลนด์กับสโลวาเกีย โปแลนด์มีแม่น้ำสายสำคัญคือ แม่น้ำโอเดอร์ที่อยู่ทางตะวันตกเฉียงใต้ และแม่น้ำวิสตูลาที่อยู่ทางตะวันออกของประเทศ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="การเมือง"><span id=".E0.B8.81.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B7.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.87"></span>การเมือง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=4" title="แก้ไขส่วน: การเมือง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9751016"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">บทความหลัก: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="การเมืองโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">การเมืองโปแลนด์</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="บริหาร"><span id=".E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3"></span>บริหาร</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=5" title="แก้ไขส่วน: บริหาร"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8843471/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:246px;max-width:246px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:115px;max-width:115px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Prezydent_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej_Andrzej_Duda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Andrzej Sebastian Duda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Prezydent_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej_Andrzej_Duda.jpg/113px-Prezydent_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej_Andrzej_Duda.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Prezydent_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej_Andrzej_Duda.jpg/170px-Prezydent_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej_Andrzej_Duda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Prezydent_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej_Andrzej_Duda.jpg/226px-Prezydent_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej_Andrzej_Duda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="915" data-file-height="1348" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="อันด์แชย์ ดูดา">อันด์แชย์ ดูดา</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประธานาธิบดีโปแลนด์">ประธานาธิบดี</a></small></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:127px;max-width:127px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Mateusz_Morawiecki_Prezes_Rady_Ministr%C3%B3w_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mateusz Jakub Morawiecki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Mateusz_Morawiecki_Prezes_Rady_Ministr%C3%B3w_%28cropped%29.jpg/125px-Mateusz_Morawiecki_Prezes_Rady_Ministr%C3%B3w_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Mateusz_Morawiecki_Prezes_Rady_Ministr%C3%B3w_%28cropped%29.jpg/188px-Mateusz_Morawiecki_Prezes_Rady_Ministr%C3%B3w_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Mateusz_Morawiecki_Prezes_Rady_Ministr%C3%B3w_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Mateusz_Morawiecki_Prezes_Rady_Ministr%C3%B3w_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1899" data-file-height="2528" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="มาแตอุช มอราวีแยตสกี">มาแตอุช มอราวีแยตสกี</a><br /><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prime Minister of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">นายกรัฐมนตรี</a></small></div></div></div></div></div> <p>โปแลนด์เป็นประเทศที่ปกครองโดยระบอบ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99" title="ประชาธิปไตยแบบมีผู้แทน">ประชาธิปไตยแบบมีผู้แทน</a> โดยมี<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประธานาธิบดีโปแลนด์">ประธานาธิบดี</a>เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="ประมุขแห่งรัฐ">ประมุขแห่งรัฐ</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> โครงสร้างของรัฐบาลนั้น มีศูนย์กลางอยู่ที่<a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Ministers_of_the_Republic_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">คณะรัฐมนตรี</a> ที่นำโดย<a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_the_Republic_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">นายกรัฐมนตรี</a> ประธานาธิบดีจะแต่งตั้งนายกรัฐมนตรีตามข้อเสนอของนายกรัฐมนตรี ซึ่งมักจะมาจากพันธมิตรใน<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejm_of_the_Republic_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejm of the Republic of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สภาเซย์ม</a>เป็นส่วนใหญ่ ประธานาธิบดีจะได้รับเลือกตั้งจากคะแนนเสียงอยู่ทุก ๆ 5 ปี โดย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประธานาธิบดีโปแลนด์">ประธานาธิบดี</a>คนปัจจุบันคือ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="อันด์แชย์ ดูดา">อันด์แชย์ ดูดา</a> และ<a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prime Minister of Poland (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">นายกรัฐมนตรี</a>คนปัจจุบันคือ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="มาแตอุช มอราวีแยตสกี">มาแตอุช มอราวีแยตสกี</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="การแบ่งเขตการปกครอง"><span id=".E0.B8.81.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.81.E0.B8.9A.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.87.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.82.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.84.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.87"></span>การแบ่งเขตการปกครอง</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=6" title="แก้ไขส่วน: การแบ่งเขตการปกครอง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>โปแลนด์แบ่งเขตการปกครองระดับบนสุดออกเป็น <b>16 จังหวัด</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ภาษาโปแลนด์">โปแลนด์</a>: <i lang="pl">województwa</i>) ได้แก่ </p> <table style="width:99%; background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div style="text-shadow:white 0em 0em 0.4em; font-family:Cambria, Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> <div role="img" class="floatleft noresize" style="width: 460px; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Map_of_Poland_colorful.png/460px-Map_of_Poland_colorful.png" decoding="async" width="460" height="425" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Map_of_Poland_colorful.png/690px-Map_of_Poland_colorful.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Map_of_Poland_colorful.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="677" /></span></span> <div style="position:absolute; left:19px; top:72px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8D" title="จังหวัดปอมอแชซาคอดแญ"><img alt="West Pomeranian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_zachodniopomorskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_zachodniopomorskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_zachodniopomorskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_zachodniopomorskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_zachodniopomorskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_zachodniopomorskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="743" data-file-height="844" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8D" title="จังหวัดปอมอแชซาคอดแญ"><font color="black">ปอมอแชซาคอดแญ</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:146px; top:42px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอมอแช"><img alt="Pomeranian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_pomorskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_pomorskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_pomorskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_pomorskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_pomorskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_pomorskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="910" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอมอแช"><font color="black">ปอมอแช</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:259px; top:62px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="จังหวัดวาร์เมีย-มาซูรือ"><img alt="Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_warmi%C5%84sko-mazurskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_warmi%C5%84sko-mazurskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_warmi%C5%84sko-mazurskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_warmi%C5%84sko-mazurskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_warmi%C5%84sko-mazurskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_warmi%C5%84sko-mazurskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="740" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="จังหวัดวาร์เมีย-มาซูรือ"><font color="black">วาร์เมีย-มาซูรือ</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:351px; top:107px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอดลาแช"><img alt="Podlaskie Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podlaskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podlaskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podlaskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podlaskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podlaskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podlaskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="846" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอดลาแช"><font color="black">ปอดลาแช</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:29px; top:194px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดลูบุช"><img alt="Lubusz Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubuskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubuskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubuskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubuskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubuskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubuskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดลูบุช"><font color="black">ลูบุช</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:94px; top:182px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="จังหวัดวีแยลกอปอลสกา"><img alt="Greater Poland Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_wielkopolskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_wielkopolskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_wielkopolskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_wielkopolskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_wielkopolskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_wielkopolskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="875" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="จังหวัดวีแยลกอปอลสกา"><font color="black">วีแยลกอปอลสกา</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:157px; top:122px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD-%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดกูยาวือ-ปอมอแช"><img alt="Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_kujawsko-pomorskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_kujawsko-pomorskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_kujawsko-pomorskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_kujawsko-pomorskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_kujawsko-pomorskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_kujawsko-pomorskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="693" data-file-height="853" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD-%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดกูยาวือ-ปอมอแช"><font color="black">กูยาวือ-ปอมอแช</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:49px; top:262px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="จังหวัดดอลนือชล็อนสก์"><img alt="Lower Silesian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="875" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="จังหวัดดอลนือชล็อนสก์"><font color="black">ดอลนือชล็อนสก์</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:135px; top:294px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5" title="จังหวัดออปอแล"><img alt="Opole Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_opolskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="865" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5" title="จังหวัดออปอแล"><font color="black">ออปอแล</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:196px; top:315px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="จังหวัดชล็อนสก์"><img alt="Silesian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="816" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="จังหวัดชล็อนสก์"><font color="black">ชล็อนสก์</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:259px; top:287px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD-%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดชฟีแยนตือ-กชึช"><img alt="Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tokrzyskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tokrzyskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tokrzyskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tokrzyskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tokrzyskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tokrzyskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="862" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD-%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดชฟีแยนตือ-กชึช"><font color="black">ชฟีแยนตือ-กชึช</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:222px; top:227px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดวุช"><img alt="Łódź Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="919" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดวุช"><font color="black">วุช</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:294px; top:172px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดมาซอฟแช"><img alt="Masovian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mazowieckie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mazowieckie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mazowieckie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mazowieckie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mazowieckie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mazowieckie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="883" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดมาซอฟแช"><font color="black">มาซอฟแช</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:372px; top:250px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จังหวัดลูบลิน"><img alt="Lublin Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubelskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubelskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubelskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubelskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubelskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_lubelskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จังหวัดลูบลิน"><font color="black">ลูบลิน</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:229px; top:354px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="จังหวัดมาวอปอลสกา"><img alt="Lesser Poland Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_ma%C5%82opolskie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_ma%C5%82opolskie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_ma%C5%82opolskie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_ma%C5%82opolskie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_ma%C5%82opolskie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_ma%C5%82opolskie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="821" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="จังหวัดมาวอปอลสกา"><font color="black">มาวอปอลสกา</font></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:324px; top:340px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอตการ์ปาแช"><img alt="Subcarpathian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podkarpackie_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podkarpackie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podkarpackie_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podkarpackie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podkarpackie_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_podkarpackie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="696" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอตการ์ปาแช"><font color="black">ปอตการ์ปาแช</font></a></div> </div> </div></td> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">จังหวัด</th> <th rowspan="2">เมืองหลัก </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:30%;"><i>ชื่อ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ภาษาโปแลนด์">ภาษาโปแลนด์</a></i></th> <th style="width:30%;"><i>ชื่อ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">ภาษาอังกฤษ</a></i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD-%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดกูยาวือ-ปอมอแช">กูยาวือ-ปอมอแช</a></b></td> <td>กูยาวือ-พอเมอเรเนีย</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="บึดก็อชตช์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">บึดก็อชตช์</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8D" title="ตอรุญ">ตอรุญ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD-%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดชฟีแยนตือ-กชึช">ชฟีแยนตือ-กชึช</a></b></td> <td>โฮลีครอสส์</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="กีแยลต์แซ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">กีแยลต์แซ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="จังหวัดชล็อนสก์">ชล็อนสก์</a></b></td> <td>ไซลีเชีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B" title="กาตอวิตแซ">กาตอวิตแซ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="จังหวัดดอลนือชล็อนสก์">ดอลนือชล็อนสก์</a></b></td> <td>โลเวอร์ไซลีเชีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9F" title="วรอตสวัฟ">วรอตสวัฟ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอดลาแช">ปอดลาแช</a></b></td> <td>พอดลาเคีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="เบียวึสตอก">เบียวึสตอก</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอตการ์ปาแช">ปอตการ์ปาแช</a></b></td> <td>ซับคาร์เพเทีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9F" title="แชชุฟ">แชชุฟ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดปอมอแช">ปอมอแช</a></b></td> <td>พอเมอเรเนีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="กดัญสก์">กดัญสก์</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8D" title="จังหวัดปอมอแชซาคอดแญ">ปอมอแชซาคอดแญ</a></b></td> <td>เวสต์พอเมอเรเนีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ชแชชิน">ชแชชิน</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดมาซอฟแช">มาซอฟแช</a></b></td> <td>แมโซเวีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD" title="วอร์ซอ">วอร์ซอ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="จังหวัดมาวอปอลสกา">มาวอปอลสกา</a></b></td> <td>เลสเซอร์โปแลนด์</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9F" title="กรากุฟ">กรากุฟ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จังหวัดลูบลิน">ลูบลิน</a></b></td> <td>ลูบลิน</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ลูบลิน">ลูบลิน</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดลูบุช">ลูบุช</a></b></td> <td>ลูบุช</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="กอชุฟวีแยลกอปอลสกี">กอชุฟวีแยลกอปอลสกี</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="แชลอนากูรา">แชลอนากูรา</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="จังหวัดวาร์เมีย-มาซูรือ">วาร์เมีย-มาซูรือ</a></b></td> <td>วาร์เมีย-มาซูเรีย</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99" title="ออลชตึน">ออลชตึน</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="จังหวัดวีแยลกอปอลสกา">วีแยลกอปอลสกา</a></b></td> <td>เกรตเตอร์โปแลนด์</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D" title="ปอซนัญ">ปอซนัญ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="จังหวัดวุช">วุช</a></b></td> <td>วุช</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A" title="วุช">วุช</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5" title="จังหวัดออปอแล">ออปอแล</a></b></td> <td>ออปอแล</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5" title="ออปอแล">ออปอแล</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>การปกครองในระดับรองลงไปจากจังหวัดได้แก่ </p> <ul><li><b>อำเภอ</b> (<span title="ข้อความภาษาโปแลนด์"><i lang="pl">powiaty</i></span>) แบ่งเป็น <ul><li><b>อำเภอชนบท</b> (<span title="ข้อความภาษาโปแลนด์"><i lang="pl">powiaty ziemskie</i></span>) 314 แห่ง และ</li> <li><b>อำเภอนคร</b> (<span title="ข้อความภาษาโปแลนด์"><i lang="pl">powiaty grodzkie</i></span>) 65 แห่ง</li></ul></li> <li><b>เทศบาล</b> (<span title="ข้อความภาษาโปแลนด์"><i lang="pl">gminy</i></span>) 2,478 แห่ง</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ดูเพิ่ม"><span id=".E0.B8.94.E0.B8.B9.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A1"></span>ดูเพิ่ม</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=7" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ดูเพิ่ม"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ยุโรปกลาง">ยุโรปกลาง</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="หมายเหตุ"><span id=".E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A2.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B8"></span>หมายเหตุ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=8" title="แก้ไขส่วน: หมายเหตุ"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12126193">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12126193"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Many declared more than one ethnic or national identity. The percentages of ethnic Poles and minorities depend on how they are counted. 94.83% declared exclusively Polish identity, 96.88% declared Polish as their first identity and 97.10% as either first or second identity. Around 98% declared <a href="/wiki/Poles#Ethnography" class="mw-redirect" title="Poles">some sort of Polish</a> as their first identity.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">การเข้ารับศาสนาคริสต์ในประเทศโปแลนด์ถือเป็นหนึ่งในเหตุการณ์สำคัญที่สุดในประวัติศาสตร์ของประเทศ โดยไม่สนถึงการติดต่อทางศาสนาหรืออื่น ๆ เพราะว่าเป็นการรวม<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ชนเผ่าโปแลนด์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชนเผ่าโปแลนด์</a>ให้เป็นหนึ่ง<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">พื้นที่โปแลนด์ตามสำนักงานสถิติกลาง มีพื้นที่ 312,679 ตารางกิโลเมตร (120,726 ตารางไมล์) โดยมีพื้นดิน 311,888 ตารางกิโลเมตร (120,421 ตารางไมล์) และพื้นน้ำส่วนใน 791 ตารางกิโลเมตร (305 ตารางไมล์)<sup id="cite_ref-CSO_2008_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSO_2008-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">อังกฤษ</a>: <span lang="en">Poland</span>; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ภาษาโปแลนด์">โปแลนด์</a>: <i lang="pl">Polska</i>, <span class="IPA" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:IPA_for_Polish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพีเดีย:IPA for Polish (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">[ˈpɔlska]</a></span> <span class="noprint" style="text-indent: 0;"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/98\/Pl-Polska.ogg\/Pl-Polska.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"th","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-Polska.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/Pl-Polska.ogg/Pl-Polska.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Pl-Polska.ogg" title="ไฟล์:Pl-Polska.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> <i> ปอลสกา</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">อังกฤษ: <span lang="en">Republic of Poland</span>; โปแลนด์: <i lang="pl">Rzeczpospolita Polska</i>, <span class="IPA" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:IPA_for_Polish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพีเดีย:IPA for Polish (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">[ʐɛt͡ʂpɔˈspɔlita ˈpɔlska]</a></span> <span class="noprint" style="text-indent: 0;"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/56\/Pl-Rzeczpospolita_Polska.ogg\/Pl-Rzeczpospolita_Polska.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"th","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-Rzeczpospolita Polska.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Pl-Rzeczpospolita_Polska.ogg/Pl-Rzeczpospolita_Polska.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Pl-Rzeczpospolita_Polska.ogg" title="ไฟล์:Pl-Rzeczpospolita Polska.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=9" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12126193"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/en:Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Poland/Chapter_1" class="extiw" title="s:en:Constitution of the Republic of Poland/Chapter 1">รัฐธรรมนูญสาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์</a> มาตราที่ 27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GUS97-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GUS97_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10205087">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.gov.pl/files/gfx/portalinformacyjny/pl/defaultaktualnosci/5670/22/1/1/struktura_narodowo-etniczna.pdf"><i>Struktura narodowo-etniczna, językowa i wyznaniowa ludności Polski. Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2011</i></a> [<i>National-ethnic, linguistic and religious structure of Poland. National Census of Population and Housing 2011</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (ภาษาโปแลนด์). Central Statistical Office. 2015. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-83-7027-597-6" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-83-7027-597-6"><bdi>978-83-7027-597-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Struktura+narodowo-etniczna%2C+j%C4%99zykowa+i+wyznaniowa+ludno%C5%9Bci+Polski.+Narodowy+Spis+Powszechny+Ludno%C5%9Bci+i+Mieszka%C5%84+2011&rft.pub=Central+Statistical+Office&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-83-7027-597-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.pl%2Ffiles%2Fgfx%2Fportalinformacyjny%2Fpl%2Fdefaultaktualnosci%2F5670%2F22%2F1%2F1%2Fstruktura_narodowo-etniczna.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GUS98-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GUS98_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/LUD_ludnosc_stan_str_dem_spo_NSP2011.pdf"><i>Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno-społeczna. Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2011</i></a> [<i>Population. Number and demographical-social structure. National Census of Population and Housing 2011</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (ภาษาโปแลนด์). Central Statistical Office. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-83-7027-521-1" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-83-7027-521-1"><bdi>978-83-7027-521-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ludno%C5%9B%C4%87.+Stan+i+struktura+demograficzno-spo%C5%82eczna.+Narodowy+Spis+Powszechny+Ludno%C5%9Bci+i+Mieszka%C5%84+2011&rft.pub=Central+Statistical+Office&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-83-7027-521-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.pl%2Fcps%2Frde%2Fxbcr%2Fgus%2FLUD_ludnosc_stan_str_dem_spo_NSP2011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2019_Eurobarometer-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2019_Eurobarometer_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/index.cfm/Survey/getSurveyDetail/instruments/SPECIAL/surveyKy/2251">"Special Eurobarometer 493, European Union: European Commission, September 2019, pages 229–230"</a>. <i>ec.europa.eu</i> (ภาษาอังกฤษ)<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Special+Eurobarometer+493%2C+European+Union%3A+European+Commission%2C+September+2019%2C+pages+229%E2%80%93230&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fcommfrontoffice%2Fpublicopinion%2Findex.cfm%2FSurvey%2FgetSurveyDetail%2Finstruments%2FSPECIAL%2FsurveyKy%2F2251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-2021-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CIA-2021_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/poland/#government">"Poland - The World Factbook"</a>. 22 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poland+-+The+World+Factbook&rft.date=2021-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fpoland%2F%23government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_web" title="แม่แบบ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: url-status (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="หมวดหมู่:CS1 maint: url-status">ลิงก์</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFChristian_Smith1996" class="citation book cs1">Christian Smith (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=39SoSG4NGAoC&pg=PA77"><i>Disruptive Religion: The Force of Faith in Social-movement Activism</i></a>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-415-91405-5" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-415-91405-5"><bdi>978-0-415-91405-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2013</span> – โดยทาง Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Disruptive+Religion%3A+The+Force+of+Faith+in+Social-movement+Activism&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-415-91405-5&rft.au=Christian+Smith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D39SoSG4NGAoC%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19890750444">"The Act of December 29, 1989 amending the Constitution of the Polish People's Republic"</a>. Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Act+of+December+29%2C+1989+amending+the+Constitution+of+the+Polish+People%27s+Republic.&rft.pub=Internetowy+System+Akt%C3%B3w+Prawnych&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fisap.sejm.gov.pl%2Fisap.nsf%2FDocDetails.xsp%3Fid%3DWDU19890750444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="languageicon">(ในภาษาโปแลนด์)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFGUS" class="citation web cs1">GUS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/ludnosc/ludnosc/powierzchnia-i-ludnosc-w-przekroju-terytorialnym-w-2018-roku,7,15.html">"Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2018 roku"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Powierzchnia+i+ludno%C5%9B%C4%87+w+przekroju+terytorialnym+w+2018+roku&rft.au=GUS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.pl%2Fobszary-tematyczne%2Fludnosc%2Fludnosc%2Fpowierzchnia-i-ludnosc-w-przekroju-terytorialnym-w-2018-roku%2C7%2C15.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CSO_2008-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CSO_2008_11-0">9.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CSO_2008_11-1">9.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CSO_2008_11-2">9.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081028221046/http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/PUBL_maly_rocznik_statystyczny_2008.pdf">"Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland, 2008"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Central Statistical Office. 28 July 2008. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/PUBL_maly_rocznik_statystyczny_2008.pdf">แหล่งเดิม</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>เมื่อ 28 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Concise+Statistical+Yearbook+of+Poland%2C+2008&rft.pub=Central+Statistical+Office&rft.date=2008-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.gov.pl%2Fcps%2Frde%2Fxbcr%2Fgus%2FPUBL_maly_rocznik_statystyczny_2008.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER#">"Surface water and surface water change"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a> (OECD)<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Surface+water+and+surface+water+change&rft.pub=Organisation+for+Economic+Co-operation+and+Development+%28OECD%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.oecd.org%2FIndex.aspx%3FDataSetCode%3DSURFACE_WATER%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFdemografia.stat.gov.pl/" class="citation web cs1">demografia.stat.gov.pl/. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200618203015/https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-divison-as-of-december-31-2019,3,27.html">"Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division. As of December 31, 2019"</a>. <i>stat.gov.pl</i>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-divison-as-of-december-31-2019,3,27.html">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 2020-06-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">2021-08-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stat.gov.pl&rft.atitle=Population.+Size+and+structure+and+vital+statistics+in+Poland+by+territorial+division.+As+of+December+31%2C+2019&rft.au=demografia.stat.gov.pl%2F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.pl%2Fen%2Ftopics%2Fpopulation%2Fpopulation%2Fpopulation-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-divison-as-of-december-31-2019%2C3%2C27.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_web" title="แม่แบบ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|accessdate=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|archivedate=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|archiveurl=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEOPL-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-0">12.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-1">12.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-2">12.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOPL_15-3">12.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=44&pr.y=11&sy=2017&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=964&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2019%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fpr.x%3D44%26pr.y%3D11%26sy%3D2017%26ey%3D2021%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D964%26s%3DNGDPD%252CPPPGDP%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tessi190&plugin=1">"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey"</a>. <i>ec.europa.eu</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurostat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eurostat (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Eurostat</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Gini+coefficient+of+equivalised+disposable+income+%E2%80%93+EU-SILC+survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtessi190%26plugin%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/latest-human-development-index-ranking">"Human Development Report 2020"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (ภาษาอังกฤษ). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 10 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2020&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2019-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Flatest-human-development-index-ranking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson1996" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Lonnie R. (1996). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="ต้องสมัครสมาชิกแบบฟรี"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195100716"><i>Central Europe: enemies, neighbors, friends</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195100716/page/3">3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-19-802607-5" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-19-802607-5"><bdi>978-0-19-802607-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Central+Europe%3A+enemies%2C+neighbors%2C+friends&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-19-802607-5&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Lonnie+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780195100716&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geohistory.today/poland/">"Poland"</a>. 28 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poland&rft.date=2017-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeohistory.today%2Fpoland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A_Concise_History_of_Poland-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-A_Concise_History_of_Poland_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFLukowski,_JerzyZawaszki,_Hubert2001" class="citation book cs1">Lukowski, Jerzy; Zawaszki, Hubert (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0000luko"><i>A Concise History of Poland</i></a> (First ed.). University of Stirling Libraries – Popular Loan (Q 43.8 LUK): Cambridge University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0000luko/page/n22">3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-521-55917-1" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-521-55917-1"><bdi>978-0-521-55917-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Concise+History+of+Poland&rft.place=University+of+Stirling+Libraries+%E2%80%93+Popular+Loan+%28Q+43.8+LUK%29&rft.pages=3&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-521-55917-1&rft.au=Lukowski%2C+Jerzy&rft.au=Zawaszki%2C+Hubert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconcisehistoryof0000luko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_book" title="แม่แบบ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:CS1_maint:_location" title="หมวดหมู่:CS1 maint: location">ลิงก์</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Norman Davies, <i>Europe: A History</i>, Pimlico 1997, p. 554: <i>Poland-Lithuania was another country which experienced its 'Golden Age' during the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The realm of the last Jagiellons was absolutely the largest state in Europe</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFPiotr_Stefan_Wandycz2001" class="citation book cs1">Piotr Stefan Wandycz (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m5plR3x6jLAC&pg=PA66"><i>The price of freedom: a history of East Central Europe from the Middle Ages to the present</i></a>. Psychology Press. p. 66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-415-25491-5" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-415-25491-5"><bdi>978-0-415-25491-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+price+of+freedom%3A+a+history+of+East+Central+Europe+from+the+Middle+Ages+to+the+present&rft.pages=66&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-415-25491-5&rft.au=Piotr+Stefan+Wandycz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm5plR3x6jLAC%26pg%3DPA66&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFGehlerSteininger2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gehler, Michael; Steininger, Rolf (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V0rW0pBr2SAC&q=Michael+Gehler%2C+%E2%80%8ERolf+Steininger+%C2%B7+2005"><i>Towards a European Constitution: A Historical and Political Comparison with the United States</i></a> (ภาษาอังกฤษ). Böhlau Verlag Wien. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-3-205-77359-7" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-3-205-77359-7"><bdi>978-3-205-77359-7</bdi></a>. <q>Poland had actually managed to pass a first progressive constitution on 3, May 1795; this was Europes first written constitution.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Towards+a+European+Constitution%3A+A+Historical+and+Political+Comparison+with+the+United+States&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=B%C3%B6hlau+Verlag+Wien&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-3-205-77359-7&rft.aulast=Gehler&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Steininger%2C+Rolf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV0rW0pBr2SAC%26q%3DMichael%2BGehler%252C%2B%25E2%2580%258ERolf%2BSteininger%2B%25C2%25B7%2B2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFTatjana_TönsmeyerPeter_HaslingerAgnes_Laba2018" class="citation book cs1">Tatjana Tönsmeyer; Peter Haslinger; Agnes Laba (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qbBhDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA188"><i>Coping with Hunger and Shortage under German Occupation in World War II</i></a>. Springer. p. 188. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-3-319-77467-1" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-3-319-77467-1"><bdi>978-3-319-77467-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coping+with+Hunger+and+Shortage+under+German+Occupation+in+World+War+II&rft.pages=188&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-3-319-77467-1&rft.au=Tatjana+T%C3%B6nsmeyer&rft.au=Peter+Haslinger&rft.au=Agnes+Laba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqbBhDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-szma-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-szma_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaterskiSzarota2009">Materski & Szarota (2009)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://emerging-europe.com/news/poland-promoted-to-developed-market-status-by-ftse-russell/#:~:text=Global%20index%20provider%20FTSE%20Russell,%2C%20France%2C%20Japan%20and%20Australia.">"Poland promoted to developed market status by FTSE Russell"</a>. <i>Emerging Europe</i>. September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Europe&rft.atitle=Poland+promoted+to+developed+market+status+by+FTSE+Russell&rft.date=2018-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Femerging-europe.com%2Fnews%2Fpoland-promoted-to-developed-market-status-by-ftse-russell%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DGlobal%2520index%2520provider%2520FTSE%2520Russell%2C%252C%2520France%252C%2520Japan%2520and%2520Australia.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604195034/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html">"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency"</a>. <i>www.cia.gov</i>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 2011-06-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cia.gov&rft.atitle=The+World+Factbook+%E2%80%94+Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2001rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_web" title="แม่แบบ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|accessdate=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|archivedate=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|archiveurl=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/POL">"Human Development Indicators – Poland"</a>. <i>Human Development Reports</i>. United Nations Development Programme. 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Human+Development+Reports&rft.atitle=Human+Development+Indicators+%E2%80%93+Poland&rft.date=2020&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fcountries%2Fprofiles%2FPOL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170415012741/http://www.city-safe.com/danger-rankings/">"World's Safest Countries Ranked — CitySafe"</a>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city-safe.com/danger-rankings/">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 15 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+Safest+Countries+Ranked+%E2%80%94+CitySafe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city-safe.com%2Fdanger-rankings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181106140617/http://www.thenews.pl/1/9/Artykul/272767,Poland-25th-worldwide-in-expat-ranking">"Poland 25th worldwide in expat ranking"</a>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenews.pl/1/9/Artykul/272767,Poland-25th-worldwide-in-expat-ranking">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 2018-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poland+25th+worldwide+in+expat+ranking&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenews.pl%2F1%2F9%2FArtykul%2F272767%2CPoland-25th-worldwide-in-expat-ranking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFAdministrator" class="citation web cs1">Administrator. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160312084711/https://eures.praca.gov.pl/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=114">"Social security in Poland"</a>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eures.praca.gov.pl/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=114">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 12 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Social+security+in+Poland&rft.au=Administrator&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feures.praca.gov.pl%2Fen%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D81%26Itemid%3D114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_web" title="แม่แบบ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|accessdate=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|archivedate=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ระบุ <code class="cs1-code">|archiveurl=</code> และ <code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> มากกว่าหนึ่งรายการ (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170424181021/http://www.europe-cities.com/destinations/poland/health/">"Healthcare in Poland – Europe-Cities"</a>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europe-cities.com/destinations/poland/health/">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 24 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Healthcare+in+Poland+%E2%80%93+Europe-Cities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europe-cities.com%2Fdestinations%2Fpoland%2Fhealth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFUNESCO_World_Heritage" class="citation web cs1">UNESCO World Heritage. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/pl">"Poland"</a>. <i>UNESCO World Heritage Centre</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft.atitle=Poland&rft.au=UNESCO+World+Heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fstatesparties%2Fpl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_36-0">31.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_36-1">31.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFGliński2016" class="citation web cs1">Gliński, Mikołaj (6 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culture.pl/en/article/the-many-different-names-of-poland">"The Many Different Names of Poland"</a>. <i>Culture.pl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Culture.pl&rft.atitle=The+Many+Different+Names+of+Poland&rft.date=2016-12-06&rft.aulast=Gli%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Miko%C5%82aj&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculture.pl%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fthe-many-different-names-of-poland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFLehr-Spławiński1978" class="citation book cs1">Lehr-Spławiński, Tadeusz (1978). <i>Język polski. Pochodzenie, powstanie, rozwój</i>. Warszawa (Warsaw): Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. p. 64.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=J%C4%99zyk+polski.+Pochodzenie%2C+powstanie%2C+rozw%C3%B3j&rft.place=Warszawa+%28Warsaw%29&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Pa%C5%84stwowe+Wydawnictwo+Naukowe&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Lehr-Sp%C5%82awi%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Tadeusz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFPotkański2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Potkański, Karol (2004) [1922]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Pisma_po%C5%9Bmiertne/b78eAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=p%C5%82aska%20wielkopolska%20polanie"><i>Pisma pośmiertne. Granice plemienia Polan</i></a>. Vol. Volume 1 & 2. Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności. p. 423. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-83-7063-411-7" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-83-7063-411-7"><bdi>978-83-7063-411-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pisma+po%C5%9Bmiertne.+Granice+plemienia+Polan&rft.place=Krak%C3%B3w&rft.pages=423&rft.pub=Polska+Akademia+Umiej%C4%99tno%C5%9Bci&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-83-7063-411-7&rft.aulast=Potka%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Karol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.au%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FPisma_po%25C5%259Bmiertne%2Fb78eAAAAMAAJ%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D0%26bsq%3Dp%25C5%2582aska%2520wielkopolska%2520polanie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_book" title="แม่แบบ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|volume=</code> has extra text (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#extra_text_volume" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFHarpern.d." class="citation web cs1">Harper, Douglas (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/Poland">"Poland (n.)"</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Poland+%28n.%29&rft.chron=n.d.&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2FPoland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFHarpern.d." class="citation web cs1">Harper, Douglas (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/Pole?ref=etymonline_crossreference">"Pole (n.)"</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Pole+%28n.%29&rft.chron=n.d.&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2FPole%3Fref%3Detymonline_crossreference&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFBuko2014" class="citation book cs1">Buko, Andrzej (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Bodzia/VAOjBQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0"><i>Bodzia. A Late Viking-Age Elite Cemetery in Central Poland</i></a>. Leiden: Brill. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-90-04-28132-5" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-90-04-28132-5"><bdi>978-90-04-28132-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bodzia.+A+Late+Viking-Age+Elite+Cemetery+in+Central+Poland&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-90-04-28132-5&rft.aulast=Buko&rft.aufirst=Andrzej&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.au%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FBodzia%2FVAOjBQAAQBAJ%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFCienski2019" class="citation web cs1">Cienski, Jan (12 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/poland-puzzle-election-2019-law-and-justice-party-pis/">"Europe's Poland puzzle"</a>. <i>POLITICO</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Europe%27s+Poland+puzzle&rft.date=2019-10-12&rft.aulast=Cienski&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fpoland-puzzle-election-2019-law-and-justice-party-pis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://constitutionnet.org/country/constitutional-history-poland">"Constitutional history of Poland"</a>. <i>ConstitutionNet</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ConstitutionNet&rft.atitle=Constitutional+history+of+Poland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconstitutionnet.org%2Fcountry%2Fconstitutional-history-poland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefirstnews.com/article/kornel-morawiecki-funeral-mass-held-in-warsaw-7939">"Kornel Morawiecki funeral mass held in Warsaw"</a>. <i>www.thefirstnews.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thefirstnews.com&rft.atitle=Kornel+Morawiecki+funeral+mass+held+in+Warsaw&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefirstnews.com%2Farticle%2Fkornel-morawiecki-funeral-mass-held-in-warsaw-7939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8938631">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFMaterskiSzarota2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_Materski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wojciech Materski (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Materski, Wojciech</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomasz_Szarota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomasz Szarota (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Szarota, Tomasz</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323161233/http://niniwa2.cba.pl/polska_1939_1945.htm">"Przedmowa"</a> [Preface]. <i>Polska 1939–1945. Straty Osobowe i Ofiary Represji pod Dwiema Okupacjami</i> [<i>Human Losses and Victims of Repressions under Two Occupations</i>] (ภาษาโปแลนด์). Warsaw: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_National_Remembrance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of National Remembrance (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">IPN</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-83-7629-067-6" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-83-7629-067-6"><bdi>978-83-7629-067-6</bdi></a>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://niniwa2.cba.pl/polska_1939_1945.htm">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 23 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Przedmowa&rft.btitle=Polska+1939%E2%80%931945.+Straty+Osobowe+i+Ofiary+Represji+pod+Dwiema+Okupacjami&rft.place=Warsaw&rft.pub=IPN&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-83-7629-067-6&rft.aulast=Materski&rft.aufirst=Wojciech&rft.au=Szarota%2C+Tomasz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fniniwa2.cba.pl%2Fpolska_1939_1945.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น"><span id=".E0.B9.81.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A5.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.82.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B9.E0.B8.A5.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B7.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.99"></span>แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&section=10" title="แก้ไขส่วน: แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10827797">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10827805">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12102239"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Poland</b> ที่<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="วิกิพีเดีย:โครงการพี่น้อง"><span id="sister-projects">โครงการพี่น้อง</span></a>ของวิกิพีเดีย</div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Poland" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Poland">หาความหมาย</a>จากวิกิพจนานุกรม</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Polska" class="extiw" title="c:Polska">ภาพและสื่อ</a>จากคอมมอนส์</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Poland" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Poland">เนื้อหาข่าว</a>จากวิกิข่าว</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Poland" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Poland">คำคม</a>จากวิกิคำคม</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Poland" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Poland">ข้อมูลต้นฉบับ</a>จากวิกิซอร์ซ</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Poland" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Poland">หนังสือ</a>จากวิกิตำรา</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Poland" class="extiw" title="voy:Poland">ข้อมูลการเดินทาง</a>จากวิกิท่องเที่ยว</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.poland.gov.pl/">Poland.gov.en – Polish national portal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141203130734/http://en.poland.gov.pl/">เก็บถาวร</a> 3 ธันวาคม 2014 ที่ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน">เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/poland/">Poland</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="Wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Poland"><a class="external text" href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Poland">"Poland" </a></span>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" class="extiw" title="en:Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">สารานุกรมบริตานิกา ค.ศ. 1911</a></i>. Vol. 21 (11 ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Poland&rft.btitle=%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2+%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8.+1911&rft.edition=11&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Poland"><a class="external text" href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/1922_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Poland">"Poland" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 32 (12th ed.). 1922.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Poland&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=12th&rft.date=1922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Europe/Poland">ประเทศโปแลนด์</a> ที่เว็บไซต์ Curlie</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Poland" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Poland">Wikimedia Atlas of Poland</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> ดูข้อมูลทางภูมิศาสตร์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/49715">ประเทศโปแลนด์</a> ที่<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B" title="โอเพินสตรีตแมป">โอเพินสตรีตแมป</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10791470">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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title="รัฐเอกราช">รัฐเอกราช</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">ทั้งหมด</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศโครเอเชีย">โครเอเชีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเช็กเกีย">เช็กเกีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศซานมารีโน">ซานมารีโน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเซอร์เบีย">เซอร์เบีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ประเทศเดนมาร์ก">เดนมาร์ก</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="นครรัฐวาติกัน">นครรัฐวาติกัน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศนอร์เวย์">นอร์เวย์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศบอสเนียและเฮอร์เซโกวีนา">บอสเนียและเฮอร์เซโกวีนา</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศบัลแกเรีย">บัลแกเรีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ประเทศเบลเยียม">เบลเยียม</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศเบลารุส">เบลารุส</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">โปแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศฟินแลนด์">ฟินแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="ประเทศมอนเตเนโกร">มอนเตเนโกร</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศมอลโดวา">มอลโดวา</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศมอลตา">มอลตา</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ประเทศมาซิโดเนียเหนือ">มาซิโดเนียเหนือ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81" title="ประเทศโมนาโก">โมนาโก</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศยูเครน">ยูเครน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศเยอรมนี">เยอรมนี</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศโรมาเนีย">โรมาเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ประเทศลักเซมเบิร์ก">ลักเซมเบิร์ก</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศลัตเวีย">ลัตเวีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศลิทัวเนีย">ลิทัวเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศลีชเทินชไตน์">ลีชเทินชไตน์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศสโลวาเกีย">สโลวาเกีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศสโลวีเนีย">สโลวีเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศสวิตเซอร์แลนด์">สวิตเซอร์แลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศสวีเดน">สวีเดน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="สหราชอาณาจักร">สหราชอาณาจักร</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศออสเตรีย">ออสเตรีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศอันดอร์รา">อันดอร์รา</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเอสโตเนีย">เอสโตเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศแอลเบเนีย">แอลเบเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศไอซ์แลนด์">ไอซ์แลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศไอร์แลนด์">ไอร์แลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศฮังการี">ฮังการี</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">ส่วนใหญ่</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B" title="ประเทศกรีซ">กรีซ</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศเนเธอร์แลนด์">เนเธอร์แลนด์</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศโปรตุเกส">โปรตุเกส</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศฝรั่งเศส">ฝรั่งเศส</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศสเปน">สเปน</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศอิตาลี">อิตาลี</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">บางส่วน</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศคาซัคสถาน">คาซัคสถาน</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศจอร์เจีย">จอร์เจีย</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศตุรกี">ตุรกี</a><sup><small>7</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศรัสเซีย">รัสเซีย</a><sup><small>8</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศอาเซอร์ไบจาน">อาเซอร์ไบจาน</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="ทวีปยุโรป"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/120px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/180px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/240px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" title="รายชื่อรัฐที่ได้รับการรับรองอย่างไม่สมบูรณ์">รัฐที่ได้รับการรับรอง<br />อย่างไม่สมบูรณ์</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD" title="ประเทศคอซอวอ">คอซอวอ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ทรานส์นีสเตรีย">ทรานส์นีสเตรีย</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B6%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="ดินแดนในภาวะพึ่งพิง">เขตสังกัด</a><br />และดินแดนอื่น ๆ</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">เดนมาร์ก</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3" title="หมู่เกาะแฟโร">หมู่เกาะแฟโร</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">นอร์เวย์</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="ยานไมเอน">ยานไมเอน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="สฟาลบาร์">สฟาลบาร์</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">ฟินแลนด์</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="หมู่เกาะโอลันด์">หมู่เกาะโอลันด์</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">สหราชอาณาจักร</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="เกิร์นซีย์">เกิร์นซีย์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="เจอร์ซีย์">เจอร์ซีย์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ยิบรอลตาร์">ยิบรอลตาร์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99" title="ไอล์ออฟแมน">ไอล์ออฟแมน</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>1</small></sup>มีดินแดนบางส่วนอยู่ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ทวีปเอเชีย">ทวีปเอเชีย</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>2</small></sup>มีดินแดนบางส่วนอยู่ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ทวีปอเมริกาเหนือ">ทวีปอเมริกาเหนือ</a> และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="ทวีปอเมริกาใต้">ทวีปอเมริกาใต้</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>3</small></sup>มีดินแดนบางส่วนอยู่ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="ทวีปแอฟริกา">ทวีปแอฟริกา</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>4</small></sup>มีดินแดนบางส่วนอยู่ในทวีปอเมริกาเหนือ ทวีปอเมริกาใต้ และทวีปแอฟริกา</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>5</small></sup>พื้นที่ฝั่งตะวันตกของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5" title="แม่น้ำยูรัล">แม่น้ำยูรัล</a>อยู่ในทวีปยุโรป</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>6</small></sup>พื้นที่ทางตอนเหนือของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="เทือกเขาคอเคซัส">เทือกเขาคอเคซัส</a>อยู่ในทวีปยุโรป</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>7</small></sup>ภูมิภาค<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อีสต์เทรซ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อีสต์เทรซ</a>อยู่ในทวีปยุโรป</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><sup><small>8</small></sup>พื้นที่ฝั่งตะวันตกของแม่น้ำยูรัลและ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5" title="เทือกเขายูรัล">เทือกเขายูรัล</a>อยู่ในทวีปยุโรป</span></li></ul> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="หมวดหมู่"><img alt="หมวดหมู่" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="หมวดหมู่:ทวีปยุโรป">หมวดหมู่:ทวีปยุโรป</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="สถานีย่อย"><img alt="สถานีย่อย" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="สถานีย่อย:ทวีปยุโรป">สถานีย่อย:ทวีปยุโรป</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="สหภาพยุโรป" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#003399; color:#ffcc00;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-ดู"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9" title="แม่แบบ:อียู"><abbr title="ดูแม่แบบนี้" style=";background:#003399; color:#ffcc00;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">ด</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-คุย"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="คุยเรื่องแม่แบบ:อียู (ไม่มีหน้านี้)"><abbr title="อภิปรายแม่แบบนี้" style=";background:#003399; color:#ffcc00;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">ค</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-แก้"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:EditPage/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9" title="พิเศษ:EditPage/แม่แบบ:อียู"><abbr title="แก้ไขแม่แบบนี้" style=";background:#003399; color:#ffcc00;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">ก</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="สหภาพยุโรป" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="สหภาพยุโรป"><span style="color: #FFCC00; text-decoration: inherit;">สหภาพยุโรป</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#003399; color:#ffcc00;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="รัฐสมาชิกสหภาพยุโรป"><span style="color:#FFCC00">รัฐสมาชิก</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B" title="ประเทศกรีซ">กรีซ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศโครเอเชีย">โครเอเชีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเช็กเกีย">เช็กเกีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศไซปรัส">ไซปรัส</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ประเทศเดนมาร์ก">เดนมาร์ก</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศเนเธอร์แลนด์">เนเธอร์แลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศบัลแกเรีย">บัลแกเรีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ประเทศเบลเยียม">เบลเยียม</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศโปรตุเกส">โปรตุเกส</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">โปแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศฝรั่งเศส">ฝรั่งเศส</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศฟินแลนด์">ฟินแลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศมอลตา">มอลตา</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศเยอรมนี">เยอรมนี</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศโรมาเนีย">โรมาเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ประเทศลักเซมเบิร์ก">ลักเซมเบิร์ก</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศลัตเวีย">ลัตเวีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศลิทัวเนีย">ลิทัวเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศสเปน">สเปน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศสโลวาเกีย">สโลวาเกีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศสโลวีเนีย">สโลวีเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศสวีเดน">สวีเดน</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศออสเตรีย">ออสเตรีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศอิตาลี">อิตาลี</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเอสโตเนีย">เอสโตเนีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศไอร์แลนด์">ไอร์แลนด์</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศฮังการี">ฮังการี</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/80px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" 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href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="สำนักงานผู้อำนวยการใหญ่เพื่อการคุ้มครองพลเมืองยุโรปและปฏิบัติการการช่วยเหลือมนุษยธรรม">สำนักงานผู้อำนวยการใหญ่เพื่อการคุ้มครองพลเมืองยุโรปและปฏิบัติการการช่วยเหลือมนุษยธรรม</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th 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href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศเนเธอร์แลนด์">เนเธอร์แลนด์</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="บัลแกเรีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศบัลแกเรีย">บัลแกเรีย</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="เบลเยียม"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ประเทศเบลเยียม">เบลเยียม</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="โปรตุเกส"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศโปรตุเกส">โปรตุเกส</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="โปแลนด์"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">โปแลนด์</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="ฝรั่งเศส"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="ประเทศฝรั่งเศส">ฝรั่งเศส</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="ฟินแลนด์"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศฟินแลนด์">ฟินแลนด์</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="มาซิโดเนียเหนือ"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ประเทศมาซิโดเนียเหนือ">มาซิโดเนียเหนือ</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="มอนเตเนโกร"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="ประเทศมอนเตเนโกร">มอนเตเนโกร</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="เยอรมนี"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศเยอรมนี">เยอรมนี</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="โรมาเนีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศโรมาเนีย">โรมาเนีย</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="ลักเซมเบิร์ก"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ประเทศลักเซมเบิร์ก">ลักเซมเบิร์ก</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="ลัตเวีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศลัตเวีย">ลัตเวีย</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="ลิทัวเนีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศลิทัวเนีย">ลิทัวเนีย</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="สเปน"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศสเปน">สเปน</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="สโลวาเกีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศสโลวาเกีย">สโลวาเกีย</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="สโลวีเนีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศสโลวีเนีย">สโลวีเนีย</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="สวีเดน"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศสวีเดน">สวีเดน</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="สหรัฐ"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="สหรัฐอเมริกา">สหรัฐ</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="บริเตนใหญ่"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="สหราชอาณาจักร">บริเตนใหญ่</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="อิตาลี"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศอิตาลี">อิตาลี</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="เอสโตเนีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเอสโตเนีย">เอสโตเนีย</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="แอลเบเนีย"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Flag_of_NATO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/80px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/120px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/160px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r12093835"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10791470"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11619334">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px 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href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="วิธีใช้:การควบคุมรายการหลักฐาน">ฐานข้อมูลการควบคุมรายการหลักฐาน</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36#identifiers" title="แก้ไขสิ่งนี้ที่วิกิสนเทศ"><img alt="แก้ไขสิ่งนี้ที่วิกิสนเทศ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39QbtfRgyP3qcDKmj68x7FVbM">เวิลด์แคต</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ประจำชาติ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11880842g">ฝรั่งเศส</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11880842g">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4046496-9">เยอรมนี</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007555089705171">อิสราเอล</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79131071">สหรัฐ</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/fcrtsr1z0mdxhjq">สวีเดน</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00569130">ญี่ปุ่น</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Polsko"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130478&CON_LNG=ENG">เช็กเกีย</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810547738505606">โปแลนด์</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ภูมิศาสตร์</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/dd7f80c8-f017-3d01-8608-2a8c9c32b954">มิวสิกเบรนซ์ พื้นที่</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ศิลปิน</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/9f432e5c-3dc3-4309-b930-0c8944f3b67f">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ประชาชน</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/qwSRT1w0">รัฐสภาสหราชอาณาจักร</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">อื่น ๆ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003367">พจนานุกรมประวัติศาสตร์ของสวิสเซอร์แลนด์</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045341">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02658994X">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/polonya">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">เข้าถึงจาก "<a dir="ltr" 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href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="หมวดหมู่:บทความที่มีข้อความภาษาโปแลนด์">บทความที่มีข้อความภาษาโปแลนด์</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:CS1_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C_(pl)" title="หมวดหมู่:CS1 แหล่งที่มาภาษาโปแลนด์ (pl)">CS1 แหล่งที่มาภาษาโปแลนด์ (pl)</a></li><li><a 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title="หมวดหมู่:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" title="หมวดหมู่:บทความที่มีแม่แบบแฮตโน้ตที่กำหนดเป้าหมายไปยังหน้าที่ไม่มีอยู่">บทความที่มีแม่แบบแฮตโน้ตที่กำหนดเป้าหมายไปยังหน้าที่ไม่มีอยู่</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="หมวดหมู่:หน้าที่ใช้กล่องโครงการพี่น้องที่ซ่อนวิกิสนเทศ">หน้าที่ใช้กล่องโครงการพี่น้องที่ซ่อนวิกิสนเทศ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" title="หมวดหมู่:หน้าที่ใช้กล่องโครงการพี่น้องด้วยการค้นหาเริ่มต้น">หน้าที่ใช้กล่องโครงการพี่น้องด้วยการค้นหาเริ่มต้น</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="หมวดหมู่:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2_%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1911_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B" title="หมวดหมู่:บทความวิกิพีเดียรวมการอ้างอิงจากสารานุกรมบริตานิกา ค.ศ. 1911 โดยมีการอ้างอิงวิกิซอร์ซ">บทความวิกิพีเดียรวมการอ้างอิงจากสารานุกรมบริตานิกา ค.ศ. 1911 โดยมีการอ้างอิงวิกิซอร์ซ</a></li><li><a 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