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codes</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: ethical codes"> <meta name="keywords" content="ethical codes"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="ethical codes"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1357</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: ethical codes</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1357</span> AI Ethical Values as Dependent on the Role and Perspective of the Ethical AI Code Founder- A Mapping Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshe%20Davidian">Moshe Davidian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shlomo%20Mark"> Shlomo Mark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yotam%20Lurie"> Yotam Lurie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the rapid development of technology and the concomitant growth in the capability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and their power, the ethical challenges involved in these systems are also evolving and increasing. In recent years, various organizations, including governments, international institutions, professional societies, civic organizations, and commercial companies, have been choosing to address these various challenges by publishing ethical codes for AI systems. However, despite the apparent agreement that AI should be “ethical,” there is debate about the definition of “ethical artificial intelligence.” This study investigates the various AI ethical codes and their key ethical values. From the vast collection of codes that exist, it analyzes and compares 25 ethical codes that were found to be representative of different types of organizations. In addition, as part of its literature review, the study overviews data collected in three recent reviews of AI codes. The results of the analyses demonstrate a convergence around seven key ethical values. However, the key finding is that the different AI ethical codes eventually reflect the type of organization that designed the code; i.e., the organizations’ role as regulator, user, or developer affects the view of what ethical AI is. The results show a relationship between the organization’s role and the dominant values in its code. The main contribution of this study is the development of a list of the key values for all AI systems and specific values that need to impact the development and design of AI systems, but also allowing for differences according to the organization for which the system is being developed. This will allow an analysis of AI values in relation to stakeholders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20codes" title=" ethical codes"> ethical codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principles" title=" principles"> principles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values" title=" values"> values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161826/ai-ethical-values-as-dependent-on-the-role-and-perspective-of-the-ethical-ai-code-founder-a-mapping-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161826.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1356</span> Counseling Ethics in Turkish Counseling Programs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umut%20Arslan">Umut Arslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Sommers%20Flanagan"> John Sommers Flanagan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to investigate qualifications of ethics training in counselor education programs in Turkey. The survey data were collected from 251 Turkish counseling students to examine differences in ethical judgments between freshmen and seniors. Chi-square analysis was used to analyze the data from an ethical practice and belief survey. This survey was used to assess counselor candidates’ ethical judgments regarding Turkish counseling ethical codes and sources of ethics information. Statistically significant differences were found between university seniors and freshmen on items that are related to confidentiality, dual relationships, and professional relationships. Furthermore, patterns based on demographic information showed significant differences as a result of gender, economic status, and parents’ educational level. Participants gave the highest rating of information sources to Turkish counseling ethical codes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title="ethics">ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counselor" title=" counselor"> counselor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36110/counseling-ethics-in-turkish-counseling-programs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1355</span> The Impact of Religiosity and Ethical Senstivity on Accounting Students’ Ethical Judgement Decision</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Mohamed%20Alteer">Ahmed Mohamed Alteer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is come up with theoretical model through understanding the causes and motives behind the auditors' sensitive to ethical dilemma through Auditing Students. This study considers the possibility of auditing students’ ethical judgement being affected by two individual factors, namely ethical sensitivity and religiosity. The finding of this study that there are several ethical theories a models provide a significant understanding of ethical issues and supported that ethical sensitivity and religiosity may affect ethical judgement decision among accounting students. The suggestion model proposes that student ethical judgement is influenced by their ethical sensitivity and their religiosity. Nonetheless, the influence of religiosity on ethical judgement is expected to be via ethical sensitivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asccounting%20students" title="asccounting students">asccounting students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20sensitivity" title=" ethical sensitivity"> ethical sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religiosity" title=" religiosity"> religiosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20judgement" title=" ethical judgement"> ethical judgement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18425/the-impact-of-religiosity-and-ethical-senstivity-on-accounting-students-ethical-judgement-decision" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">618</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1354</span> Tailoring the Parameters of the Quantum MDS Codes Constructed from Constacyclic Codes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaskarn%20Singh%20Bhullar">Jaskarn Singh Bhullar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Divya%20Taneja"> Divya Taneja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manish%20Gupta"> Manish Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Kumar%20Narula"> Rajesh Kumar Narula</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The existence conditions of dual containing constacyclic codes have opened a new path for finding quantum maximum distance separable (MDS) codes. Using these conditions parameters of length n=(q²+1)/2 quantum MDS codes were improved. A class of quantum MDS codes of length n=(q²+q+1)/h, where h>1 is an odd prime, have also been constructed having large minimum distance and these codes are new in the sense as these are not available in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hermitian%20construction" title="hermitian construction">hermitian construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constacyclic%20codes" title=" constacyclic codes"> constacyclic codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclotomic%20cosets" title=" cyclotomic cosets"> cyclotomic cosets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20MDS%20codes" title=" quantum MDS codes"> quantum MDS codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singleton%20bound" title=" singleton bound"> singleton bound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55714/tailoring-the-parameters-of-the-quantum-mds-codes-constructed-from-constacyclic-codes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1353</span> Performance Comparison of Non-Binary RA and QC-LDPC Codes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni%20Wenli">Ni Wenli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=He%20Jing"> He Jing</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Repeat–Accumulate (RA) codes are subclass of LDPC codes with fast encoder structures. In this paper, we consider a nonbinary extension of binary LDPC codes over GF(q) and construct a non-binary RA code and a non-binary QC-LDPC code over GF(2^4), we construct non-binary RA codes with linear encoding method and non-binary QC-LDPC codes with algebraic constructions method. And the BER performance of RA and QC-LDPC codes over GF(q) are compared with BP decoding and by simulation over the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-binary%20RA%20codes" title="non-binary RA codes">non-binary RA codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QC-LDPC%20codes" title=" QC-LDPC codes"> QC-LDPC codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20comparison" title=" performance comparison"> performance comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BP%20algorithm" title=" BP algorithm"> BP algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42170/performance-comparison-of-non-binary-ra-and-qc-ldpc-codes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42170.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1352</span> Corporate Codes of Ethics and Earnings Discretion: International Evidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chu%20Chen">Chu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giorgio%20Gotti"> Giorgio Gotti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tony%20Kang"> Tony Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Wolfe"> Michael Wolfe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the role of codes of ethics in reducing the extent to which managers’ act opportunistically in reporting earnings. Corporate codes of ethics, by clarifying the boundaries of ethical corporate behaviors and making relevant social norms more salient, have the potential to deter managers from engaging in opportunistic financial reporting practices. In a sample of international companies, we find that the quality of corporate codes of ethics is associated with higher earnings quality, i.e., lower discretionary accruals. Our results are confirmed for a subsample of firms more likely to be engaging in opportunistic reporting behavior, i.e., firms that just meet or beat analysts’ forecasts. Further, codes of ethics play a greater role in reducing earnings management for firms in countries with weaker investor protection mechanisms. Our results suggest that corporate codes of ethics can be a viable alternative to country-level investor protection mechanisms in curbing aggressive reporting behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20ethics%20policy" title="corporate ethics policy">corporate ethics policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20of%20ethics" title=" code of ethics"> code of ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20ethics" title=" business ethics"> business ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earnings%20discretion" title=" earnings discretion"> earnings discretion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accruals" title=" accruals"> accruals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40258/corporate-codes-of-ethics-and-earnings-discretion-international-evidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1351</span> A Characterization of Skew Cyclic Code with Complementary Dual</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eusebio%20Jr.%20Lina">Eusebio Jr. Lina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ederlina%20Nocon"> Ederlina Nocon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cyclic codes are a fundamental subclass of linear codes that enjoy a very interesting algebraic structure. The class of skew cyclic codes (or θ-cyclic codes) is a generalization of the notion of cyclic codes. This a very large class of linear codes which can be used to systematically search for codes with good properties. A linear code with complementary dual (LCD code) is a linear code C satisfying C ∩ C^⊥ = {0}. This subclass of linear codes provides an optimum linear coding solution for a two-user binary adder channel and plays an important role in countermeasures to passive and active side-channel analyses on embedded cryptosystems. This paper aims to identify LCD codes from the class of skew cyclic codes. Let F_q be a finite field of order q, and θ be an automorphism of F_q. Some conditions for a skew cyclic code to be LCD were given. To this end, the properties of a noncommutative skew polynomial ring F_q[x, θ] of automorphism type were revisited, and the algebraic structure of skew cyclic code using its skew polynomial representation was examined. Using the result that skew cyclic codes are left ideals of the ring F_q[x, θ]/⟨x^n-1⟩, a characterization of a skew cyclic LCD code of length n was derived. A necessary condition for a skew cyclic code to be LCD was also given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCD%20cyclic%20codes" title="LCD cyclic codes">LCD cyclic codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skew%20cyclic%20LCD%20codes" title=" skew cyclic LCD codes"> skew cyclic LCD codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skew%20cyclic%20complementary%20dual%20codes" title=" skew cyclic complementary dual codes"> skew cyclic complementary dual codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theta-cyclic%20codes%20with%20complementary%20duals" title=" theta-cyclic codes with complementary duals"> theta-cyclic codes with complementary duals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56575/a-characterization-of-skew-cyclic-code-with-complementary-dual" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1350</span> Attributes of Ethical Leadership and Ethical Guidelines in Malaysian Public Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Norazamina">M. Norazamina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Azizah"> A. Azizah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Najihah%20Marha"> Y. Najihah Marha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Suraya"> A. Suraya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Malaysian Public Sector departments or agencies are responsible to provide efficient public services with zero corruption. However, corruption continues to occur due to the absence of ethical leadership and well-execution of ethical guidelines. Thus, the objective of this paper is to explore the attributes of ethical leadership and ethical guidelines. This study employs a qualitative research by analyzing data from interviews with key informers of public sector using conceptual content analysis (NVivo11). The study reveals eight attributes of ethical leadership which are role model, attachment, ethical support, knowledgeable, discipline, leaders’ spirituality encouragement, virtue values and shared values. Meanwhile, five attributes (guidelines, communication, check and balance, concern on stakeholders and compliance) of ethical guidelines are identified. These identified attributes should become the ethical identity and ethical direction of Malaysian Public Sector. This could enhance the public trust as well as the international community trust towards the public sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=check%20and%20balance" title="check and balance">check and balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20guidelines" title=" ethical guidelines"> ethical guidelines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20leadership" title=" ethical leadership"> ethical leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20sector" title=" public sector"> public sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spirituality%20encouragement" title=" spirituality encouragement"> spirituality encouragement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78387/attributes-of-ethical-leadership-and-ethical-guidelines-in-malaysian-public-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1349</span> Skew Cyclic Codes over Fq+uFq+…+uk-1Fq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Li">Jing Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiuli%20Li"> Xiuli Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies a special class of linear codes, called skew cyclic codes, over the ring <em>R</em>= <em>F<sub>q</sub></em>+<em>uF<sub>q</sub></em>+…+<em>u<sup>k-</sup></em><sup>1</sup><em>F<sub>q</sub></em>, where <em>q</em> is a prime power. A Gray map <em>ɸ</em> from <em>R</em> to <em>F<sub>q</sub></em> and a Gray map <em>ɸ'</em> from <em>R<sup>n</sup></em> to <em>F<sup>n</sup><sub>q</sub></em> are defined, as well as an automorphism <em>Θ</em> over <em>R</em>. It is proved that the images of skew cyclic codes over <em>R</em> under map <em>ɸ'</em> and <em>Θ</em> are cyclic codes over <em>F<sub>q</sub></em>, and they still keep the dual relation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skew%20cyclic%20code" title="skew cyclic code">skew cyclic code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gray%20map" title=" gray map"> gray map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automorphism" title=" automorphism"> automorphism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20code" title=" cyclic code"> cyclic code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70707/skew-cyclic-codes-over-fqufquk-1fq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1348</span> A Generalization of the Secret Sharing Scheme Codes Over Certain Ring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20%C3%96zbek">Ibrahim Özbek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdo%C4%9Fan%20Mehmet%20%C3%96zkan"> Erdoğan Mehmet Özkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we generalize (k,n) threshold secret sharing scheme on the study Ozbek and Siap to the codes over the ring Fq+ αFq. In this way, it is mentioned that the method obtained in that article can also be used on codes over rings, and new advantages to be obtained. The method of securely sharing the key in cryptography, which Shamir first systematized and Massey carried over to codes, became usable for all error-correcting codes. The firewall of this scheme is based on the hardness of the syndrome decoding problem. Also, an open study area is left for those working for other rings and code classes. All codes that correct errors with this method have been the working area of this method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secret%20sharing%20scheme" title="secret sharing scheme">secret sharing scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20codes" title=" linear codes"> linear codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algebra" title=" algebra"> algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20rings" title=" finite rings"> finite rings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164183/a-generalization-of-the-secret-sharing-scheme-codes-over-certain-ring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1347</span> A Novel Way to Create Qudit Quantum Error Correction Codes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Moorthy">Arun Moorthy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantum computing promises to provide algorithmic speedups for a number of tasks; however, similar to classical computing, effective error-correcting codes are needed. Current quantum computers require costly equipment to control each particle, so having fewer particles to control is ideal. Although traditional quantum computers are built using qubits (2-level systems), qudits (more than 2-levels) are appealing since they can have an equivalent computational space using fewer particles, meaning fewer particles need to be controlled. Currently, qudit quantum error-correction codes are available for different level qudit systems; however, these codes have sometimes overly specific constraints. When building a qudit system, it is important for researchers to have access to many codes to satisfy their requirements. This project addresses two methods to increase the number of quantum error correcting codes available to researchers. The first method is generating new codes for a given set of parameters. The second method is generating new error-correction codes by using existing codes as a starting point to generate codes for another level (i.e., a 5-level system code on a 2-level system). So, this project builds a website that researchers can use to generate new error-correction codes or codes based on existing codes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qudit" title="qudit">qudit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20correction" title=" error correction"> error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum" title=" quantum"> quantum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qubit" title=" qubit"> qubit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138747/a-novel-way-to-create-qudit-quantum-error-correction-codes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1346</span> Low Density Parity Check Codes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kassoul%20Ilyes">Kassoul Ilyes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field of error correcting codes has been revolutionized by the introduction of iteratively decoded codes. Among these, LDPC codes are now a preferred solution thanks to their remarkable performance and low complexity. The binary version of LDPC codes showed even better performance, although it’s decoding introduced greater complexity. This thesis studies the performance of binary LDPC codes using simplified weighted decisions. Information is transported between a transmitter and a receiver by digital transmission systems, either by propagating over a radio channel or also by using a transmission medium such as the transmission line. The purpose of the transmission system is then to carry the information from the transmitter to the receiver as reliably as possible. These codes have not generated enough interest within the coding theory community. This forgetfulness will last until the introduction of Turbo-codes and the iterative principle. Then it was proposed to adopt Pearl's Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm for decoding these codes. Subsequently, Luby introduced irregular LDPC codes characterized by a parity check matrix. And finally, we study simplifications on binary LDPC codes. Thus, we propose a method to make the exact calculation of the APP simpler. This method leads to simplifying the implementation of the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDPC" title="LDPC">LDPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parity%20check%20matrix" title=" parity check matrix"> parity check matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5G" title=" 5G"> 5G</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title=" BER"> BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SNR" title=" SNR"> SNR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145269/low-density-parity-check-codes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1345</span> [Keynote Talk]: Let Us Move to Ethical Finance: A Case Study of Takaful</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ahmed%20Salman">Syed Ahmed Salman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethicality is essential in our daily activities, including personal and commercial activities. This is evidenced by referring to the historical development of the corporate governance and ethical guidelines. The first corporate governance guideline, i.e. Cadbury Report from U.K. focuses the responsibility of board members towards the shareholders only. Gradually, realising the need to take care of the society and community, stakeholders are now concerns of business entities. Consequently, later codes of corporate governance started extending the responsibility to the other stakeholders in addition to the shareholders. One prevailing corporate governance theory, i.e. stakeholder theory, has been widely used in the research to explore the effects of business entities on society. In addition, the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is the leading organisation which promotes social care from businesses for sustainable development. Conventionally, history shows that ethics is key to the long term success of businesses. Many organisations, societies, and regulators give full attention and consideration to ethics. Several countries have introduced ethical codes of conduct to direct trade activities. Similarly, Islam and other religions prohibit the practice of interest, uncertainty, and gambling because of its unethical nature. These prohibited practices are not at all good for the society, business, and any organisation especially as it is detrimental to the well-being of society. In order to avoid unethicality in the finance industry, Shari’ah scholars come out with the idea of Islamic finance which is free from the prohibited elements from the Islamic perspective. It can also be termed ethical finance. This paper highlights how Takaful as one of the Islamic finance products offers fair and just products to the contracting parties and the society. Takaful is framed based on ethical guidelines which are extracted from Shari’ah principles and divine sources such as the Quran and Sunnah. Takaful products have been widely offered all over the world, including in both Muslim and non-Muslim countries. It seems that it is gaining acceptance regardless of religion. This is evidence that Takaful is being accepted as an ethical financial product. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title="ethics">ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance" title=" insurance"> insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20finance" title=" Islamic finance"> Islamic finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion%20and%20takaful" title=" religion and takaful"> religion and takaful</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45490/keynote-talk-let-us-move-to-ethical-finance-a-case-study-of-takaful" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1344</span> A Systematic Review of Ethical Leadership in Tourism and Hospitality Settings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majd%20Megheirkouni">Majd Megheirkouni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to identify empirical studies that explore and investigate ethical leadership in order to assess and synthesize its impacts and outcomes. This study seeks to provide an evidence-informed answer to a set of questions on ethical leadership definition in the field of tourism and hospitality, its investigation, and examination, and its outcome. A systematic literature review, using medical science-based methodology, was conducted to synthesize research by reliable means. Four themes were identified from the analysis. These themes are: Ethical leaders’ characteristics, healthy work environment, ethical leadership effectiveness, and the application of ethical leadership across cultures. This study provides the potential to move hospitality and tourism leadership forward and encourage researchers to investigate new research topics. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first systematic review focusing on ethical leadership in tourism and hospitality settings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20leadership" title="ethical leadership">ethical leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approach" title=" approach"> approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outcome" title=" outcome"> outcome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospitality" title=" hospitality"> hospitality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164938/a-systematic-review-of-ethical-leadership-in-tourism-and-hospitality-settings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1343</span> On the Construction of Some Optimal Binary Linear Codes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Skezeer%20John%20B.%20Paz">Skezeer John B. Paz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ederlina%20G.%20Nocon"> Ederlina G. Nocon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Finding an optimal binary linear code is a central problem in coding theory. A binary linear code C = [n, k, d] is called optimal if there is no linear code with higher minimum distance d given the length n and the dimension k. There are bounds giving limits for the minimum distance d of a linear code of fixed length n and dimension k. The lower bound which can be taken by construction process tells that there is a known linear code having this minimum distance. The upper bound is given by theoretic results such as Griesmer bound. One way to find an optimal binary linear code is to make the lower bound of d equal to its higher bound. That is, to construct a binary linear code which achieves the highest possible value of its minimum distance d, given n and k. Some optimal binary linear codes were presented by Andries Brouwer in his published table on bounds of the minimum distance d of binary linear codes for 1 ≤ n ≤ 256 and k ≤ n. This was further improved by Markus Grassl by giving a detailed construction process for each code exhibiting the lower bound. In this paper, we construct new optimal binary linear codes by using some construction processes on existing binary linear codes. Particularly, we developed an algorithm applied to the codes already constructed to extend the list of optimal binary linear codes up to 257 ≤ n ≤ 300 for k ≤ 7. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bounds%20of%20linear%20codes" title="bounds of linear codes">bounds of linear codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Griesmer%20bound" title=" Griesmer bound"> Griesmer bound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20of%20linear%20codes" title=" construction of linear codes"> construction of linear codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20binary%20linear%20codes" title=" optimal binary linear codes"> optimal binary linear codes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31628/on-the-construction-of-some-optimal-binary-linear-codes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">755</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1342</span> A Corporate Social Responsibility View on Bribery Control in Business Relationships</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irfan%20Ameer">Irfan Ameer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bribery control in developing countries is the biggest challenge for multinational enterprises (MNEs). Bribery practices are socially embedded and institutionalized, and therefore may achieve collective legitimacy in the society. MNEs often have better and strict norms, codes and standards about such corrupt practices. Bribery in B2B sales relationships has been researched but studies focusing on the role of firm in controlling bribery are scarce. The main objective of this paper is to explore MNEs strategies to control bribery in an environment where bribery is institutionalized. This qualitative study uses narrative approach and focuses on key events, actors and their role in controlling bribery in B2B sales relationships. The context of this study is pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan and data is collected through 23 episodic interviews supported by secondary data. The Corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature e.g. CSR three domain model and CSR pyramid is used to make sense of MNEs strategies to control bribery in developing countries. Results show that MNEs’ bribery control strategies are rather emerging based on the role of some key stakeholders and events which shape bribery strategies. Five key bribery control strategies were found through which MNEs can control both demand and supply side of bribery: bribery related codes development; bribery related codes implementation; focusing on competitive advantage; find mutually beneficial ethical solution; and collaboration with ethical stakeholders. The results also highlight the problems associated with each strategy. Study is unique in a sense that it focuses on stakeholders having unethical interests and provides guidelines to MNEs in controlling bribery practices in B2B sales relationships. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bribery" title="bribery">bribery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSR" title=" CSR"> CSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrative%20research" title=" narrative research"> narrative research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B2B%20sales" title=" B2B sales"> B2B sales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MNEs" title=" MNEs "> MNEs </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29881/a-corporate-social-responsibility-view-on-bribery-control-in-business-relationships" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1341</span> Maximum Distance Separable b-Symbol Repeated-Root γ-Constacylic Codes over a Finite Chain Ring of Length 2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Laaouine">Jamal Laaouine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Elhassani%20Charkani"> Mohammed Elhassani Charkani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let p be a prime and let b be an integer. MDS b-symbol codes are a direct generalization of MDS codes. The γ-constacyclic codes of length pˢ over the finite commutative chain ring Fₚm [u]/ < u² > had been classified into four distinct types, where is a nonzero element of the field Fₚm. Let C₃ be a code of Type 3. In this paper, we obtain the b-symbol distance db(C₃) of the code C₃. Using this result, necessary and sufficient conditions under which C₃ is an MDS b-symbol code are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constacyclic%20code" title="constacyclic code">constacyclic code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeated-root%20code" title=" repeated-root code"> repeated-root code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20distance%20separable" title=" maximum distance separable"> maximum distance separable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDS%20codes" title=" MDS codes"> MDS codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=b-symbol%20distance" title=" b-symbol distance"> b-symbol distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20chain%20rings" title=" finite chain rings"> finite chain rings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131201/maximum-distance-separable-b-symbol-repeated-root-gh-constacylic-codes-over-a-finite-chain-ring-of-length-2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1340</span> ‘Ethical Relativism’ in Offshore Business: A Critical Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biswanath%20Swain">Biswanath Swain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethical relativism, as an ethical perspective, holds that moral worth of a course of action is dependent on a particular space and time. Moral rightness or wrongness of a course of action varies from space to space and from time to time. In short, ethical relativism holds that morality is relative to the context. If we reflect conscientiously on the scope of this perspective, we will find that it is wide-spread amongst the marketers involved in the offshore business. However, the irony is that most of the marketers gone along with ethical relativism in their offshore business have been found to be unsuccessful in terms of loss in market-share and bankruptcy. The upshot is purely self-defeating in nature for the marketers. GSK in China and Nestle Maggi in India are some of the burning examples of that sort. The paper argues and recommends that a marketer, as an alternative, should have recourse to Kantian ethical perspective to deliberate courses of action sensitive to offshore business as Kantian ethical perspective is logically and methodologically sound in nature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title="business">business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=course%20of%20action" title=" course of action"> course of action</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kant" title=" Kant"> Kant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morality" title=" morality"> morality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore" title=" offshore"> offshore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relativism" title=" relativism"> relativism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56151/ethical-relativism-in-offshore-business-a-critical-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1339</span> Ethical and Personality Factors and Accounting Professional Judgement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon%20Hashemi">Shannon Hashemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Daneshfar"> Alireza Daneshfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accounting ethical awareness has been widely promoted in recent years both in academia and in practice. However, the effectiveness of ethical awareness on accountants' judgment and choice of action is still debatable. This study investigates whether Machiavellianism and gender, as significant personality factors, influence the effect of ethical awareness on accountants' decision-making. Using an experiment, the results of ANOVA tests show that although introducing ethical awareness positively influences the accountants' judgment and choice of action, such an effect is significantly moderated by the accountants' Machiavellianism score and gender. Specifically, the test results show that the effect of introducing ethical awareness was higher on males with low Machiavellian score. The results also show that when the Machiavellian scores were high, the effect of ethical awareness was lower for both males and females. Applications of the results are discussed for accounting professionals as well as accounting ethics educators and researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20awareness" title="ethical awareness">ethical awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting%20decision%20making" title=" accounting decision making"> accounting decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Machiavellianism" title=" Machiavellianism"> Machiavellianism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANOVA" title=" ANOVA"> ANOVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting%20education" title=" accounting education"> accounting education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150345/ethical-and-personality-factors-and-accounting-professional-judgement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1338</span> Performance Evaluation of One and Two Dimensional Prime Codes for Optical Code Division Multiple Access Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurjit%20Kaur">Gurjit Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neena%20Gupta"> Neena Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have analyzed and compared the performance of various coding schemes. The basic ID prime sequence codes are unique in only dimension, i.e. time slots, whereas 2D coding techniques are not unique by their time slots but with their wavelengths also. In this research, we have evaluated and compared the performance of 1D and 2D coding techniques constructed using prime sequence coding pattern for Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) system on a single platform. Analysis shows that 2D prime code supports lesser number of active users than 1D codes, but they are having large code family and are the most secure codes compared to other codes. The performance of all these codes is analyzed on basis of number of active users supported at a Bit Error Rate (BER) of 10-9. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDMA" title="CDMA">CDMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCDMA" title=" OCDMA"> OCDMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title=" BER"> BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OOC" title=" OOC"> OOC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PC" title=" PC"> PC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPC" title=" EPC"> EPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPC" title=" MPC"> MPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-D%20PC%2FPC" title=" 2-D PC/PC"> 2-D PC/PC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%BBc" title=" λc"> λc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%BBa" title=" λa"> λa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45035/performance-evaluation-of-one-and-two-dimensional-prime-codes-for-optical-code-division-multiple-access-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1337</span> Ethical Leadership: A Theological and Ethical Alternative to the Culture of Greed in South African Government</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mookgo%20Solomon%20Kgatle">Mookgo Solomon Kgatle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introductory Statement: The effect of corruption in South Africa has seriously constrained development of the national economy and has significantly inhibited good governance in the country. The significance of this paper is a demonstration that Corruption in a South African government is greatly influenced by the culture of greed by leaders in government. Many leaders in government are not satisfied with what they receive on monthly basis in the form of salaries and allowances. Thus, the quest to accumulate, as many material possessions by cabinet ministers and public servants is what is crippling the annual budget and disadvantaging the poor masses of our people including women, children and the elderly. Basic Methodology: In order to deal with this dilemma, this paper proposes ethical leadership as a theological and ethical alternative and antidote to the culture of greed in government. Research Findings: Ethical leadership is proposed because unlike the culture of greed, it is a leadership that is based on respect for ethical principles and standards and for the dignity and privileges of others. Ethical leadership is synonymous with principles like trust, morality, consideration, equality, and justice. Conclusion: The conclusion is that ethical leadership is one of the solutions that can assist the South African government to deal with the root causes of corruption, that is, the culture of greed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20leadership" title="ethical leadership">ethical leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theological%20ethics" title=" theological ethics"> theological ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture%20of%20greed" title=" culture of greed"> culture of greed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title=" corruption"> corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100494/ethical-leadership-a-theological-and-ethical-alternative-to-the-culture-of-greed-in-south-african-government" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1336</span> Performance of VSAT MC-CDMA System Using LDPC and Turbo Codes over Multipath Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20El%20Ghazi">Hassan El Ghazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20El%20Jourmi"> Mohammed El Jourmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayeb%20Sadiki"> Tayeb Sadiki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmail%20Ahouzi"> Esmail Ahouzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to model and analyze a geostationary satellite communication system based on VSAT network and Multicarrier CDMA system scheme which presents a combination of multicarrier modulation scheme and CDMA concepts. In this study the channel coding strategies (Turbo codes and LDPC codes) are adopted to achieve good performance due to iterative decoding. The envisaged system is examined for a transmission over Multipath channel with use of Ku band in the uplink case. The simulation results are obtained for each different case. The performance of the system is given in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio (Eb/N0). The performance results of designed system shown that the communication system coded with LDPC codes can achieve better error rate performance compared to VSAT MC-CDMA system coded with Turbo codes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20communication" title="satellite communication">satellite communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VSAT%20Network" title=" VSAT Network"> VSAT Network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MC-CDMA" title=" MC-CDMA"> MC-CDMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDPC%20codes" title=" LDPC codes"> LDPC codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbo%20codes" title=" turbo codes"> turbo codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uplink" title=" uplink"> uplink</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20041/performance-of-vsat-mc-cdma-system-using-ldpc-and-turbo-codes-over-multipath-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1335</span> In Search of Bauman’s Moral Impulse in Shadow Factories of China </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Hatami">Akram Hatami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naser%20Firoozi"> Naser Firoozi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vesa%20Puhakka"> Vesa Puhakka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethics and responsibility are rapidly becoming a distinguishing feature of organizations. In this paper, we analyze ethics and responsibility in shadow factories in China. We engage ourselves with Bauman’s moral impulse perspective because his idea can contextualize ethics and responsibility. Moral impulse is a feeling of a selfless, infinite and unconditional responsibility towards, and care for, Others. We analyze a case study from a secondary data source because, for such a critical phenomenon as business ethics in shadow factories, collecting primary data is difficult, since they are unregistered factories. We argue that there has not been enough attention given to the ethics and responsibility in shadow factories in China. Our main goal is to demonstrate that, considering the Other, more importantly the employees, in ethical decision-making is a simple instruction beyond the narrow version of ethics by ethical codes and rules. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20impulse" title="moral impulse">moral impulse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=responsibility" title=" responsibility"> responsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shadow%20factories" title=" shadow factories"> shadow factories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bauman%E2%80%99s%20moral%20impulse" title=" Bauman’s moral impulse"> Bauman’s moral impulse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84339/in-search-of-baumans-moral-impulse-in-shadow-factories-of-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1334</span> Moral Identity and Moral Attentiveness as Predictors of Ethical Leadership in Financial Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pilar%20Gamarra%20Gamarra">Pilar Gamarra Gamarra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michele%20Girotto"> Michele Girotto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the expanding field of leaders’ ethical behavior research, little attention has been paid to the association between finance leaders’ ethical traits (beyond personality) and ethical leadership, and more importantly, how these ethical characteristics can be predictors of ethical behavior at the leadership level in the financial sector. In this study, we tested a theoretical model based on uponsocial cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986) and the cognitive-developmental model (Piaget, 1932) to examine leaders’ moral identity and moral attentiveness as antecedents of ethical leadership. After the 2008 economic crisis, the marketplace has awakened to the potential dangers of unethical behavior. The unethical behavior of the leaders of the financial sector was identified as guilty of this economic catastrophe. For that reason, it seems increasingly prudent for organizations to have leaders who are cognitively inclined toward ethical behavior. This evidence suggests that moral attentiveness and moral identity is perhaps one way of identifying those kinds of leaders. For leaders who are morally attentive and have a high moral identity, themes of ethics interventions are consistent with their way of seeing the word. As a result, these leaders could become critical components of change in organizations and could provide the energy and skills necessary for these efforts to be successful. Ethical behavior of leader from the financial sector and marketing sectors must be joined to manage the change. In this study, a leader’s moral identity, leader’s moral attentiveness, and self-importance of Ethical Leadership are measured for financial and marketing leaders to be compared to determine the relationship between the three variables in each sector. Other conclusion related to gender, educational level or generation are obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20leadership" title="ethical leadership">ethical leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20identity" title=" moral identity"> moral identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20attentiveness" title=" moral attentiveness"> moral attentiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20leaders" title=" financial leaders"> financial leaders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20leaders" title=" marketing leaders"> marketing leaders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20behavior" title=" ethical behavior"> ethical behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142171/moral-identity-and-moral-attentiveness-as-predictors-of-ethical-leadership-in-financial-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1333</span> Performance Analysis and Comparison of Various 1-D and 2-D Prime Codes for OCDMA Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurjit%20Kaur">Gurjit Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shashank%20Johri"> Shashank Johri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arpit%20Mehrotra"> Arpit Mehrotra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we have analyzed and compared the performance of various coding schemes. The basic ID prime sequence codes are unique in only dimension i.e. time slots whereas 2D coding techniques are not unique by their time slots but with their wavelengths also. In this research we have evaluated and compared the performance of 1D and 2D coding techniques constructed using prime sequence coding pattern for OCDMA system on a single platform. Results shows that 1D Extended Prime Code (EPC) can support more number of active users compared to other codes but at the expense of larger code length which further increases the complexity of the code. Modified Prime Code (MPC) supports lesser number of active users at λc=2 but it has a lesser code length as compared to 1D prime code. Analysis shows that 2D prime code supports lesser number of active users than 1D codes but they are having large code family and are the most secure codes compared to other codes. The performance of all these codes is analyzed on basis of number of active users supported at a Bit Error Rate (BER) of 10-9. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDMA" title="CDMA">CDMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCDMA" title=" OCDMA"> OCDMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title=" BER"> BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OOC" title=" OOC"> OOC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PC" title=" PC"> PC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPC" title=" EPC"> EPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPC" title=" MPC"> MPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-D%20PC%2FPC" title=" 2-D PC/PC"> 2-D PC/PC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%BBc" title=" λc"> λc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%BBa" title=" λa"> λa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35194/performance-analysis-and-comparison-of-various-1-d-and-2-d-prime-codes-for-ocdma-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1332</span> Role of QR Codes in Environmental Consciousness of Apparel Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleanor%20L.%20Kutschera">Eleanor L. Kutschera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the possible impact that QR codes play in helping individuals make more sustainable choices regarding apparel consumption. Data was collected via an online survey to ascertain individuals’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors with regard to QR codes and how this impacts their decisions to purchase apparel. Results from 250 participants provide both qualitative and quantitative data that provide valuable information regarding consumers’ use of QR codes and more sustainable purchases. Specifically, results indicate that QR codes are currently under-utilized in the apparel industry but have the potential to generate more environmentally conscious purchases. Also, results posit that while the cost of the item is the most influential factor in purchasing sustainable garments, other factors such as how, where, and what it is made of are in the middle, along with the company’s story/inspiration for creation have an impact. Moreover, participants posit the use of QR codes could make them more informed and empowered consumers, and they would be more likely to make purchases that are better for the environment. Participants’ qualitative responses provide useful incentives that could increase their future sustainable purchases. Finally, this study touches on the study’s limitations, implications, and future direction of research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20ID" title="digital ID">digital ID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QR%20codes" title=" QR codes"> QR codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20consciousness" title=" environmental consciousness"> environmental consciousness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fashion%20industry" title=" fashion industry"> fashion industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparel%20consumption" title=" apparel consumption"> apparel consumption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153535/role-of-qr-codes-in-environmental-consciousness-of-apparel-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1331</span> The Developmental of Ethical Behavior of Nursing Students in Borommarajonani College of Nursing, Suratthani, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ubonrattan%20Phophatanachai">Ubonrattan Phophatanachai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phensri%20Thongphet"> Phensri Thongphet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weerawan%20Kerdtong"> Weerawan Kerdtong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purposes of this study were to compare the ethical behavior regarding responsibility and polite manners of nursing students of Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Suratthani, Thailand before and after providing the activity session of ethical behavior development. The samples consisted of 103 sophomores in the academic year 2006. The tools were tested for reliability and content validity. The reliability of the Ethical Behavior Questionnaire measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.94. Data were analyzed using means, standard deviations, and dependent t-test. The findings were as follows: a) after the activity session, the mean scores of ethical behavior regarding responsibility and polite manners of nursing students increased from middle level to high level; b) mean scores of responsibilities and polite manners after the activity session were significantly higher than those before the session (t =28.36, p < .001; t =23.9, p < .001, respectively). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20of%20ethical%20behavior" title="development of ethical behavior">development of ethical behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20students" title=" nursing students"> nursing students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20informatics" title=" nursing informatics"> nursing informatics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4362/the-developmental-of-ethical-behavior-of-nursing-students-in-borommarajonani-college-of-nursing-suratthani-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1330</span> The Ethical and Social Implications of Using AI in Healthcare: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20Singh">Deepak Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> AI technology is rapidly being integrated into the healthcare system, bringing many ethical and social implications. This literature review examines the various aspects of this phenomenon, focusing on the ethical considerations of using AI in healthcare, such as how it might affect patient autonomy, privacy, and doctor-patient relationships. Furthermore, the review considers the potential social implications of AI in Healthcare, such as the potential for automation to reduce the availability of healthcare jobs and the potential to widen existing health inequalities. The literature suggests potential benefits and drawbacks to using AI in healthcare, and it is essential to consider the ethical and social implications before implementation. It is concluded that more research is needed to understand the full implications of using AI in healthcare and that ethical regulations must be in place to ensure patient safety and the technology's responsible use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI" title="AI">AI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telemedicine" title=" telemedicine"> telemedicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telehealth" title=" telehealth"> telehealth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy" title=" privacy"> privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient" title=" patient"> patient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rights" title=" rights"> rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167013/the-ethical-and-social-implications-of-using-ai-in-healthcare-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1329</span> Simulation Analysis of Wavelength/Time/Space Codes Using CSRZ and DPSK-RZ Formats for Fiber-Optic CDMA Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaswinder%20Singh">Jaswinder Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, comparative analysis is carried out to study the performance of wavelength/time/space optical CDMA codes using two well-known formats; those are CSRZ and DPSK-RZ using RSoft’s OptSIM. The analysis is carried out under the real-like scenario considering the presence of various non-linear effects such as XPM, SPM, SRS, SBS and FWM. Fiber dispersion and the multiple access interference are also considered. The codes used in this analysis are 3-D wavelength/time/space codes. These are converted into 2-D wavelength-time codes so that their requirement of space couplers and fiber ribbons is eliminated. Under the conditions simulated, this is found that CSRZ performs better than DPSK-RZ for fiber-optic CDMA applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Optical%20CDMA" title="Optical CDMA">Optical CDMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multiple%20access%20interference%20%28MAI%29" title=" Multiple access interference (MAI)"> Multiple access interference (MAI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSRZ" title=" CSRZ"> CSRZ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPSK-RZ" title=" DPSK-RZ"> DPSK-RZ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7843/simulation-analysis-of-wavelengthtimespace-codes-using-csrz-and-dpsk-rz-formats-for-fiber-optic-cdma-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">645</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1328</span> Teaching Ethical Behaviour: Conversational Analysis in Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikhil%20Kewalkrishna%20Mehta">Nikhil Kewalkrishna Mehta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the past researchers have questioned the effectiveness of ethics training in higher education. Also, there are observations that support the view that ethical behaviour (range of actions)/ethical decision making models used in the past make use of vignettes to explain ethical behaviour. The understanding remains in the perspective that these vignettes play a limited role in determining individual intentions and not actions. Some authors have also agreed that there are possibilities of differences in one’s intentions and actions. This paper makes an attempt to fill those gaps by evaluating real actions rather than intentions. In a way this study suggests the use of an experiential methodology to explore Berlo’s model of communication as an action along with orchestration of various principles. To this endeavor, an attempt was made to use conversational analysis in the pursuance of evaluating ethical decision making behaviour among students and middle level managers. The process was repeated six times with the set of an average of 15 participants. Similarities have been observed in the behaviour of students and middle level managers that calls for understanding that both the groups of individuals have no cognizance of their actual actions. The deliberations derived out of conversation were taken a step forward for meta-ethical evaluations to portray a clear picture of ethical behaviour among participants. This study provides insights for understanding demonstrated unconscious human behaviour which may fortuitously be termed both ethical and unethical. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20behaviour" title="ethical behaviour">ethical behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unethical%20behavior" title=" unethical behavior"> unethical behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20decision%20making" title=" ethical decision making"> ethical decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intentions%20and%20actions" title=" intentions and actions"> intentions and actions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conversational%20analysis" title=" conversational analysis"> conversational analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20actions" title=" human actions"> human actions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity" title=" sensitivity"> sensitivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15197/teaching-ethical-behaviour-conversational-analysis-in-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20codes&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20codes&page=3">3</a></li> 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