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Dostupan je na 44 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83" title="إحصاء فيرمي وديراك – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إحصاء فيرمي وديراك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93Dirak_statistikas%C4%B1" title="Fermi–Dirak statistikası – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fermi–Dirak statistikası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96_%E2%80%94_%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Статыстыка Фермі — Дзірака – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Статыстыка Фермі — Дзірака" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Статистика на Ферми-Дирак – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Статистика на Ферми-Дирак" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E2%80%93%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E2%80%8D%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ফের্মি–ডির‍্যাক পরিসংখ্যান – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফের্মি–ডির‍্যাক পরিসংখ্যান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93Diracova_statistika" title="Fermi–Diracova statistika – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fermi–Diracova statistika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estad%C3%ADstica_de_Fermi-Dirac" title="Estadística de Fermi-Dirac – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estadística de Fermi-Dirac" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermiho%E2%80%93Diracovo_rozd%C4%9Blen%C3%AD" title="Fermiho–Diracovo rozdělení – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fermiho–Diracovo rozdělení" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Dirac-Statistik" title="Fermi-Dirac-Statistik – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fermi-Dirac-Statistik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93Dirac_statistics" title="Fermi–Dirac statistics – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fermi–Dirac statistics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistiko_Fermi%E2%80%93Dirac" title="Statistiko Fermi–Dirac – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Statistiko Fermi–Dirac" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estad%C3%ADstica_de_Fermi-Dirac" title="Estadística de Fermi-Dirac – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estadística de Fermi-Dirac" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Diraci_statistika" title="Fermi-Diraci statistika – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fermi-Diraci statistika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Diracen_estatistika" title="Fermi-Diracen estatistika – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fermi-Diracen estatistika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="آمار فرمی-دیراک – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمار فرمی-دیراک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermin%E2%80%93Diracin_statistiikka" title="Fermin–Diracin statistiikka – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fermin–Diracin statistiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistique_de_Fermi-Dirac" title="Statistique de Fermi-Dirac – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Statistique de Fermi-Dirac" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staitistic_Fermi-Dirac" title="Staitistic Fermi-Dirac – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Staitistic Fermi-Dirac" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99-%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A7" title="התפלגות פרמי-דיראק – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התפלגות פרמי-דיראק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93Dirac-statisztika" title="Fermi–Dirac-statisztika – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fermi–Dirac-statisztika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%AB-%D4%B4%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ֆերմի-Դիրակի վիճակագրություն – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆերմի-Դիրակի վիճակագրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistik_Fermi-Dirac" title="Statistik Fermi-Dirac – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Statistik Fermi-Dirac" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistica_di_Fermi-Dirac" title="Statistica di Fermi-Dirac – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Statistica di Fermi-Dirac" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9F%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E9%96%A2%E6%95%B0" title="フェルミ分布関数 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フェルミ分布関数" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%AF%B8-%EB%94%94%EB%9E%99_%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84" title="페르미-디랙 통계 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페르미-디랙 통계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Diracstatistiek" title="Fermi-Diracstatistiek – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fermi-Diracstatistiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Dirac-statistikk" title="Fermi-Dirac-statistikk – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fermi-Dirac-statistikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Dirac_statistikk" title="Fermi-Dirac statistikk – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fermi-Dirac statistikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statystyka_Fermiego-Diraca" title="Statystyka Fermiego-Diraca – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Statystyka Fermiego-Diraca" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estat%C3%ADstica_de_Fermi-Dirac" title="Estatística de Fermi-Dirac – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estatística de Fermi-Dirac" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8_%E2%80%94_%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Статистика Ферми — Дирака – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Статистика Ферми — Дирака" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Diracova_statistika" title="Fermi-Diracova statistika – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fermi-Diracova statistika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Dirac_statistics" title="Fermi-Dirac statistics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fermi-Dirac statistics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermiho-Diracovo_rozdelenie" title="Fermiho-Diracovo rozdelenie – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fermiho-Diracovo rozdelenie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Diracova_statistika" title="Fermi-Diracova statistika – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fermi-Diracova statistika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ферми-Диракова статистика – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ферми-Диракова статистика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93Dirac-statistik" title="Fermi–Dirac-statistik – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fermi–Dirac-statistik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi-Dirac_istatistikleri" title="Fermi-Dirac istatistikleri – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fermi-Dirac istatistikleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8_%E2%80%94_%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5" title="Ферми — Дирак бүленеше – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ферми — Дирак бүленеше" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96_%E2%80%94_%D0%94%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Статистика Фермі — Дірака – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Статистика Фермі — Дірака" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_Dirak_statistikasi" title="Fermi Dirak statistikasi – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fermi Dirak statistikasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%91ng_k%C3%AA_Fermi%E2%80%93Dirac" title="Thống kê Fermi–Dirac – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thống kê Fermi–Dirac" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%B1%B3-%E7%8B%84%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1" title="费米-狄拉克统计 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="费米-狄拉克统计" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/FD_e_mu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><b>Fermi-Diracova distribucija</b> kao funkcija omjera ε/μ ucrtana za 4 različite temperature</figcaption></figure> <p>U kvantnoj statističkoj fizici, <b>Fermi-Diracova statistika</b> opisuje distribuciju <a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermiona</a> po energetskim stanjima, u stanju <a href="/w/index.php?title=Termodinami%C4%8Dka_ravnote%C5%BEa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termodinamička ravnoteža (stranica ne postoji)">termodinamičke ravnoteže</a>. Za razliku od klasične fizike i klasične statističke fizike, u ovom slučaju čestice se ponašaju tako da:<br /> a) nije moguće razlučiti dva fermiona, to su indentične čestice<br /> b) vrijedi <a href="/wiki/Paulijev_princip_isklju%C4%8Denja" title="Paulijev princip isključenja">Paulijev princip isključenja</a>, prema kojemu se dva fermiona ne mogu istovremeno nalaziti u istom kvantnom stanju. </p><p>Za Fermi-Diracovu statistiku, očekivani broj čestica koje se nalaze u stanju s energijom <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ϵ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9be3140164b763359077d92b2cd33798eb6a488c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.744ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}}"></span> dan je kao: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n_{i}={\frac {g_{i}}{e^{(\epsilon _{i}-\mu )/kT}+1}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>ϵ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n_{i}={\frac {g_{i}}{e^{(\epsilon _{i}-\mu )/kT}+1}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2e85f95076e19359ce4a06eac9c1f8f2ca5c9bdf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:19.125ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n_{i}={\frac {g_{i}}{e^{(\epsilon _{i}-\mu )/kT}+1}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>gdje je: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n_{i}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n_{i}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8bbff8c0dabfe71faadc70a4a97b38f36f31d7e2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.775ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n_{i}\ }"></span> broj čestica u stanju <i>i</i></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ϵ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f872bab2767cb74592f25d64f9b91d0960574d2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.324ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}\ }"></span> energija stanja <i>i</i></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g_{i}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g_{i}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2d626e8269916fb187c6df477dc78e5a6da7936d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.489ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g_{i}\ }"></span> je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Degeneracija_stanja_u_kvantnoj_mehanici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Degeneracija stanja u kvantnoj mehanici (stranica ne postoji)">degeneracija stanja</a> <i>i</i> (broj stanja s energijom <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ϵ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f872bab2767cb74592f25d64f9b91d0960574d2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.324ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \epsilon _{i}\ }"></span>),</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mu \ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>μ</mi> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mu \ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/99074b24941bae36892be9ed75f46020eebd33e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.982ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mu \ }"></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemijski_potencijal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kemijski potencijal (stranica ne postoji)">kemijski potencijal</a>, često nazvan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermijeva_energija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermijeva energija (stranica ne postoji)">Fermijeva energija</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{F}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{F}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bd993cd127f1bcc8956fce7e659fb9d075165ca7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.759ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{F}\ }"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \ k\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>k</mi> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \ k\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8935251d1d80092d1ee9915b33a2060812b7988c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.373ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \ k\ }"></span> <a href="/wiki/Boltzmannova_konstanta" title="Boltzmannova konstanta">Boltzmannova konstanta</a></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \ T\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>T</mi> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \ T\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/23b4c938623dcbe74c7954cc4b414811f7cf2823" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.798ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \ T\ }"></span> <a href="/wiki/Apsolutna_temperatura" class="mw-redirect" title="Apsolutna temperatura">apsolutna temperatura</a></dd></dl> <p>U slučaju kada je <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mu }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>μ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mu }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9fd47b2a39f7a7856952afec1f1db72c67af6161" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.402ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mu }"></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermijeva_energija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermijeva energija (stranica ne postoji)">Fermijeva energija</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{F}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{F}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bd993cd127f1bcc8956fce7e659fb9d075165ca7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.759ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{F}\ }"></span> i nema degeneracije, tj. <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g_{i}=1\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g_{i}=1\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48fec658cf5501c0b978544a876324a347f2f23e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.75ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g_{i}=1\ }"></span>, funkcija se naziva <b>Fermijeva funkcija</b>: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F(E)={\frac {1}{e^{(\epsilon _{i}-E_{F})/kT}+1}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>ϵ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F(E)={\frac {1}{e^{(\epsilon _{i}-E_{F})/kT}+1}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e8eca854654ec76aed9ceb34de004d77dc10c10b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:23.641ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F(E)={\frac {1}{e^{(\epsilon _{i}-E_{F})/kT}+1}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p><br /> Mnoštvo fermiona koji međusobno ne intereagiraju i slijede Fermi-Diracovu statistiku naziva se <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermionski_plin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermionski plin (stranica ne postoji)">Fermionski plin</a>. </p><p>Ova statistička distribucija uvedena je 1926.g. od strane <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrica Fermija</a> i <a href="/wiki/Paul_Adrien_Maurice_Dirac" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac">Paula A. M. Diraca</a>. Vjerojatno najpoznatiji primjer primjene ove distribucije je opis vodljivih elektrona u <a href="/wiki/Metali" class="mw-redirect" title="Metali">metalu</a>, koji je dao <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Sommerfeld" title="Arnold Sommerfeld">Arnold Sommerfeld</a> 1927.g. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fermi-Diracova_statistika&oldid=7077435">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fermi-Diracova_statistika&oldid=7077435</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kategorija:Kvantna mehanika">Kvantna mehanika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Statisti%C4%8Dka_mehanika" title="Kategorija:Statistička mehanika">Statistička mehanika</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 28. studenoga 2024. u 18:52.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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