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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Événements</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Événements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Proche-Orient" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proche-Orient"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Proche-Orient</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proche-Orient-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naissance_en_863" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naissance_en_863"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Naissance en 863</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naissance_en_863-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Décès_en_863" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Décès_en_863"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Décès en 863</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Décès_en_863-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">863</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 130 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-130" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">130 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – abkhaze" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="863 እ.ኤ.አ. – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="863 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B8%DB%B6%DB%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۸۶۳ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۸۶۳ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – bavarois" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%A9" title="৮৬৩ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="৮৬৩" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%A9" title="মারি ৮৬৩ – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ৮৬৩" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/863." title="863. – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="863." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_ni%C3%A8ng" title="863 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="863 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A8%D9%A6%D9%A3" title="٨٦٣ – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="٨٦٣" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – kachoube" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kachoube" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B8%DB%B6%DB%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۸۶۳ (میلادی) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۸۶۳ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%E5%B9%B4" title="863年 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="863年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/863." title="863. – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="863." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_(almanak_jilyen)" title="863 (almanak jilyen) – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="863 (almanak jilyen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%E5%B9%B4" title="863年 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="863年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="863 жыл – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="863 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%EB%85%84" title="863년 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="863년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_m." title="863 m. – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="863 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/863._gads" title="863. gads – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="863. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – mokcha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A9" title="इ.स. ८६३ – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. ८६३" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_%D0%B8" title="863 и – mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="863 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B8%DB%B6%DB%B3" title="۸۶۳ – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۸۶۳" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – napolitain" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A9" title="सन् ८६३ – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् ८६३" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – sotho du Nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%AC%E0%AD%A9" title="୮୬୩ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୮୬୩" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/863-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="863-æм аз – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="863-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A9" title="८६३ – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="८६३" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="863 год – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="863 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A9" title="८६३ – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="८६३" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%D8%B9" title="863ع – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="863ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/863." title="863. – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="863." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – same d’Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="same d’Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_863" title="Соли 863 – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 863" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._1406" title="พ.ศ. 1406 – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 1406" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="863 ел – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="863 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%D8%A1" title="863ء – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="863ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – flamand occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamand occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%E5%B9%B4" title="863年 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="863年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/863" title="863 – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="863" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%E5%B9%B4" title="863年 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="863年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/863_n%C3%AE" title="863 nî – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="863 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/863%E5%B9%B4" title="863年 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="863年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25052#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/863"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/863" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/863" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&oldid=208086977" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=863&id=208086977&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F863"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F863"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=863"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=863&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:863" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25052" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Cette page concerne l'année <b>863</b> du <a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">calendrier julien</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:21em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #C0D1E2;"> <div><small>Chronologies</small></div> </div><table><caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/860" title="860">860</a> <a href="/wiki/861" title="861">861</a> <a href="/wiki/862" title="862">862</a> <b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">863</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/864" title="864">864</a> <a href="/wiki/865" title="865">865</a> <a href="/wiki/866" title="866">866</a><br /><small><b>Décennies :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_830" title="Années 830">830</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_840" title="Années 840">840</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_850" title="Années 850">850</a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_860" title="Années 860">860</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_870" title="Années 870">870</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_880" title="Années 880">880</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_890" title="Années 890">890</a><br /><small><b>Siècles :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/VIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIe siècle">VII<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/VIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIIe siècle">VIII<sup>e</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/IXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IXe siècle">IX<sup>e</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Xe_si%C3%A8cle" title="Xe siècle">X<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/XIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIe siècle">XI<sup>e</sup></a><br /><small><b>Millénaires :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="IIe millénaire av. J.-C.">-II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="Ier millénaire av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire" title="Ier millénaire">I<sup>er</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIe millénaire">II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIIe millénaire">III<sup>e</sup></a></td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Calendriers</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_romain" title="Calendrier romain">Romain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_chinois" title="Calendrier chinois">Chinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_gr%C3%A9gorien" title="Calendrier grégorien">Grégorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9bra%C3%AFque" title="Calendrier hébraïque">Hébraïque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_hindou" title="Calendrier hindou">Hindou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9girien" title="Calendrier hégirien">Hégirien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_persan" title="Calendrier persan">Persan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" title="Calendrier républicain">Républicain</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#CEE0F2;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ann%C3%A9es" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p>L'année <b>863</b> est une <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9e_commune" title="Année commune">année commune</a> qui <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9e_commune_commen%C3%A7ant_un_vendredi" title="Année commune commençant un vendredi">commence un vendredi</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Événements"><span id=".C3.89v.C3.A9nements"></span>Événements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Événements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Événements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proche-Orient">Proche-Orient</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Proche-Orient" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Proche-Orient"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3_septembre" title="3 septembre">3 septembre</a> : la campagne de l’émir de <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lit%C3%A8ne" title="Mélitène">Mélitène</a> <a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Aqta" title="Omar al-Aqta">Omar al-Aqta</a> jusqu’à <a href="/wiki/Amisos" class="mw-redirect" title="Amisos">Amisos</a> est arrêtée par la victoire byzantine de <a href="/wiki/Petronas_Mamikonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Petronas Mamikonian">Petronas</a> à la <a href="/wiki/Bataille_de_Poson" title="Bataille de Poson">bataille de Poson</a>, sur le fleuve <a href="/wiki/Halys" class="mw-redirect" title="Halys">Halys</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Anatolie" title="Anatolie">Anatolie</a>. Le chef des <a href="/wiki/Paulicianisme" title="Paulicianisme">Pauliciens</a> <a href="/wiki/Karb%C3%A9as" title="Karbéas">Karbéas</a> est tué et remplacé par son neveu et gendre <a href="/wiki/Chrysocheir" title="Chrysocheir">Chrysocheir</a> (main d’or)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Petronas remporte une seconde victoire sur l'émir d'Arminiya au col de Haloras (Olor, à 85 km de <a href="/wiki/Mu%C5%9F" title="Muş">Muş</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Europe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Europe"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg/250px-Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg/330px-Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg/500px-Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>À la demande de <a href="/wiki/Rastislav" title="Rastislav">Rotislav</a>, qui désire résister à la pression carolingienne, la <a href="/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme" title="Bohême">Bohême</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Moravie" title="Moravie">Moravie</a> sont évangélisées par Constantin-Cyrille (né vers <a href="/wiki/826" title="826">826</a>) et Méthode (né vers <a href="/wiki/815" title="815">815</a>), deux frères lettrés de <a href="/wiki/Thessalonique" title="Thessalonique">Thessalonique</a>. Méthode a succédé à <a href="/wiki/Photios_Ier_de_Constantinople" title="Photios Ier de Constantinople">Photios</a> comme professeur à l’université. Constantin, polyglotte, connaît parfaitement le slave parlé par les Macédoniens et jouit de la réputation d’un grammairien averti. Ils traduisent les livres saints et la liturgie en <a href="/wiki/Vieux-slave" title="Vieux-slave">slavon</a> et inventent un alphabet dérivé du grec et augmenté de signes pour traduire les sonorités proprement slaves, l’<a href="/wiki/Alphabet_glagolitique" title="Alphabet glagolitique">alphabet glagolitique</a>, qui deviendra plus tard en pays bulgare l’<a href="/wiki/Alphabet_cyrillique" title="Alphabet cyrillique">alphabet cyrillique</a>. Cyrille et Méthode obtiennent un succès populaire considérable, alors que leurs concurrents Francs étaient détestés, même si la Moravie se tourne rapidement vers l’obédience romaine. <a href="/wiki/Cyrille_et_M%C3%A9thode" title="Cyrille et Méthode">Cyrille et Méthode</a> en Moravie, peinture de <a href="/wiki/Jan_Matejko" title="Jan Matejko">Jan Matejko</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/24_janvier" title="24 janvier">24 janvier</a> : mort de <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Provence" title="Charles de Provence">Charles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liste_des_rois_de_Bourgogne" title="Liste des rois de Bourgogne">roi de Provence et de Bourgogne</a>, sans héritiers<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ses oncles <a href="/wiki/Louis_II_de_Germanie" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis II de Germanie">Louis II</a> et <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_le_Chauve" title="Charles II le Chauve">Charles le Chauve</a> se partagent le royaume au gré des vœux des aristocraties locales.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janvier" title="Janvier">Janvier</a> : <a href="/wiki/Dorestad" title="Dorestad">Dorestad</a>, port prospère de l’embouchure du fleuve (<abbr class="abbr" title="7ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles), est pillé une dernière fois par les <a href="/wiki/Vikings" title="Vikings">Vikings</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> puis disparaît brutalement des chroniques<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Son déclin, attribué aux raids normands, est sans doute également dû au changement de cours du fleuve. Les <a href="/wiki/Danemark" title="Danemark">Danois</a> remontent le <a href="/wiki/Rhin" title="Rhin">Rhin</a> en pillant, et s'installent dans une île près de <a href="/wiki/Neuss_(Rh%C3%A9nanie-du-Nord-Westphalie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuss (Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie)">Neuss</a> en avant de <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>. Ils en sont repoussés en avril par une attaque conjointe de <a href="/wiki/Lothaire_II_de_Lotharingie" class="mw-redirect" title="Lothaire II de Lotharingie">Lothaire II</a> et des Saxons<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avril" title="Avril">Avril</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> : Traité d'<a href="/wiki/Entrammes_(Mayenne)" title="Entrammes (Mayenne)">Entrammes</a> : le roi de Bretagne, <a href="/wiki/Salomon_de_Bretagne" title="Salomon de Bretagne">Salomon</a>, prête fidélité à <a href="/wiki/Charles_le_Chauve" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles le Chauve">Charles le Chauve</a> et reçoit le territoire d' <i>Entre deux rivières</i> et l’<a href="/wiki/Abbaye_Saint-Aubin_d%27Angers" title="Abbaye Saint-Aubin d'Angers">abbaye Saint-Aubin d'Angers</a><sup id="cite_ref-Piolin_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Piolin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_avril" title="11 avril">11 avril</a> : Charles le Chauve célèbre <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2ques" title="Pâques">Pâques</a> au <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Mans</a><sup id="cite_ref-Piolin_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Piolin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Mi-<a href="/wiki/Juin" title="Juin">juin</a> : concile de <a href="/wiki/Metz" title="Metz">Metz</a> qui accepte le divorce de <a href="/wiki/Lothaire_II_de_Lotharingie" class="mw-redirect" title="Lothaire II de Lotharingie">Lothaire II</a>. Le pape <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Ier_(pape)" title="Nicolas Ier (pape)">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a> casse les décisions prises à Metz dès le début de l'année suivante<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_juillet" title="5 juillet">5 juillet</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> : <a href="/wiki/Cyrille_et_M%C3%A9thode" title="Cyrille et Méthode">Cyrille et Méthode</a> arrivent en <a href="/wiki/Grande_Moravie" class="mw-redirect" title="Grande Moravie">Grande Moravie</a> et commencent à l'évangéliser<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octobre" title="Octobre">Octobre</a> : <ul><li>Ambassade de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89mirat_de_Cordoue" title="Émirat de Cordoue">émir de Cordoue</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ier_(Omeyyade)" title="Muhammad Ier (Omeyyade)">Muhammad <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a> auprès de <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_le_Chauve" title="Charles II le Chauve">Charles le Chauve</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lot_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Les Vikings de Maurus, s'installent à l'embouchure de la <a href="/wiki/Charente_(d%C3%A9partement)" title="Charente (département)">Charente</a>. Il pillent <a href="/wiki/Saintes" title="Saintes">Saintes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Angoulême">Angoulême</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poitiers" title="Poitiers">Poitiers</a> (décembre), <a href="/wiki/Ligug%C3%A9" title="Ligugé">Ligugé</a> et vont peut-être jusqu'à <a href="/wiki/Limoges" title="Limoges">Limoges</a> et <a href="/wiki/Clairmont_(ville)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clairmont (ville)">Clermont</a> (<a href="/wiki/864" title="864">864</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Lot_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_octobre" title="4 octobre">4 octobre</a> : dans les environs de <a href="/wiki/Saintes" title="Saintes">Saintes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turpion_(comte_d%27Angoul%C3%AAme)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turpion (comte d'Angoulême)">Turpion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liste_des_comtes_d%27Angoul%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="Liste des comtes d'Angoulême">comte d'Angoulême</a> voyant que Landry, comte de Saintonge ne faisait rien, ose défier le chef normand Maurus. Les deux adversaires se précipitent l'un sur l'autre avec leurs chevaux et se transpercent mutuellement avec leurs lances. Les Normands seront vainqueurs mais intimidés par la mort de leur chef regagnent leurs navires avec leur butin après avoir pillé Saintes<sup id="cite_ref-Lot_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_octobre" title="25 octobre">25 octobre</a> : concile de <a href="/wiki/Verberie" title="Verberie">Verberie</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_d%C3%A9cembre" title="2 décembre">2 décembre</a> : Charles le Chauve est à <a href="/wiki/Auxerre" title="Auxerre">Auxerre</a> après avoir rassemblé une armée en Bourgogne pour marcher contre son fils Charles l'Enfant, <a href="/wiki/Royaume_d%27Aquitaine" title="Royaume d'Aquitaine">roi d'Aquitaine</a>, qui s'est révolté. Il marche sur <a href="/wiki/Nevers" title="Nevers">Nevers</a> pour traverser la <a href="/wiki/Loire_(fleuve)" class="mw-redirect" title="Loire (fleuve)">Loire</a>, quand Charles l'Enfant et les grands d'Aquitaine font leur soumission<sup id="cite_ref-Lot_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flateyjarbok_Haraldr_Halfdan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flateyjarbok_Haraldr_Halfdan.jpg/220px-Flateyjarbok_Haraldr_Halfdan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flateyjarbok_Haraldr_Halfdan.jpg/330px-Flateyjarbok_Haraldr_Halfdan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flateyjarbok_Haraldr_Halfdan.jpg/440px-Flateyjarbok_Haraldr_Halfdan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="558" /></a><figcaption>Passation de pouvoir entre <a href="/wiki/Harald_Ier_de_Norv%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Harald Ier de Norvège">Harald <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> de Norvège</a> (à la couronne) et son père.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Début du règne de <a href="/wiki/Harald_Ier_de_Norv%C3%A8ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Harald Ier de Norvège">Harald <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> de Norvège</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Vestfold" class="mw-redirect" title="Royaume de Vestfold">roi de Vestfold</a> à l'âge de dix ans à la mort de son père <a href="/wiki/Halfdan_III_de_Vestfold" title="Halfdan III de Vestfold">Halfdan le Noir</a>, puis de <a href="/wiki/Norv%C3%A8ge" title="Norvège">Norvège</a> en <a href="/wiki/872" title="872">872</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Humfroy, <a href="/wiki/Marquisat_de_Gothie" title="Marquisat de Gothie">marquis de Gothie</a>, enlève <a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a> au comte <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Ier_de_Toulouse-Rouergue" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Ier de Toulouse-Rouergue">Raimond</a>. L’année suivante, l’usurpateur, menacé par les enquêteurs (<i><a href="/wiki/Missi" class="mw-redirect" title="Missi">missi</a></i>) du roi, abandonne le Toulousain et la Gothie et s’enfuit en Italie<sup id="cite_ref-Lot2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Dans un concile tenu à Rome au début de l'année <a href="/wiki/Patriarche_de_Constantinople" title="Patriarche de Constantinople">patriarche de Constantinople</a> <a href="/wiki/Photios_Ier_de_Constantinople" title="Photios Ier de Constantinople">Photios</a> est excommunié et déposé par le pape <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Ier_(pape)" title="Nicolas Ier (pape)">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a>, qui affirme que le principe de sa juridiction personnelle l’emporte sur les synodes constantinopolitains<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Le schisme a pour principale cause une querelle de juridiction à propos de la <a href="/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie">Bulgarie</a>. Le pouvoir impérial se range derrière Photios.</li></ul> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naissance_en_863"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Naissance_en_863" title="Catégorie:Naissance en 863">Naissance en 863</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Naissance en 863" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Naissance en 863"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Naissance_en_863" title="Naissance en 863">Naissance en 863</a>.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Décès_en_863"><span id="D.C3.A9c.C3.A8s_en_863"></span><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s_en_863" title="Catégorie:Décès en 863">Décès en 863</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Décès en 863" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Décès en 863"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s_en_863" title="Décès en 863">Décès en 863</a>.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Robert Fossier, Janet Sondheimer <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=DvZbOBavZNgC&pg=PA332"><i>The Cambridge illustrated history of the Middle Ages</i></a> Cambridge University Press, 1997 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-521-26644-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-521-26644-4"><span class="nowrap">978-0-521-26644-4</span></a>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=K6-Q33akAkcC&pg=PA61"><i>Arméniens et byzantins à l'époque de Photius</i></a> Peeters Publishers, 2004 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-90-429-1412-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-90-429-1412-4"><span class="nowrap">978-90-429-1412-4</span></a>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Jean Devisse <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=SJFXnXR2vfAC&pg=PA357"><i>Hincmar</i></a> Librairie Droz, 1975 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-600-03972-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-600-03972-7"><span class="nowrap">978-2-600-03972-7</span></a>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"> Stéphane Lebecq <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=mGrJ510uYncC&pg=PA313"><i>Marchands et navigateurs frisons du haut Moyen Âge, Volume 2</i></a> Presses Univ. Septentrion, 1983 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-85939-198-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-85939-198-0"><span class="nowrap">978-2-85939-198-0</span></a>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=gkO9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA104"><i>The annals of St-Bertin</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Honor%C3%A9_Raymond_Capefigue" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste Honoré Raymond Capefigue">Jean-Baptiste Honoré Raymond Capefigue</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=uV0PAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA264"><i>Essai sur les invasions maritimes des Normands dans les Gaules</i></a> Impr. royale, 1823</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Abel_Durand" title="Abel Durand">Abel Durand</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=eqUZAAAAIAAJ&q=Trait%C3%A9+d'Entrammes+avril+863&dq=Trait%C3%A9+d'Entrammes+avril+863&pgis=1"><i>Nantes dans la France de l'ouest : les provinces dans la Reconstruction Nationale</i></a> Plon, 1941</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Piolin-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Piolin_8-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Piolin_8-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Paul Piolin <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=pz4oAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA355"><i>Histoire de l'église du Mans, Volume 2</i></a> Julien, Lanier et cie, 1854</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Augustinus Calmet <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=er0WAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT32"><i>Histoire universelle</i></a> Jean Renauld Doulssecker, 1741</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Date commémorative</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=gDbKexa1jfcC&pg=PT131"><i>Anniversaries and holidays</i></a> ALA Editions, 2000 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-8389-0695-8" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-8389-0695-8"><span class="nowrap">978-0-8389-0695-8</span></a>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lot-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lot_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lot_12-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lot_12-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Lot_12-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lot" title="Ferdinand Lot">Ferdinand Lot</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/bec_0373-6237_1915_num_76_1_448548"><i>La Loire, l'Aquitaine et la Seine de 862 à 866. Robert le Fort</i> </a> Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes, 1915, Volume 76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=na3NAAAAMAAJ&pg=PT172"><i>Encyclopédie théologique</i></a>, 1854</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="1838"><cite class="italique">Suède et Norwége</cite>, Paris, F. Didot frères, <time>1838</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=XyEsAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA507">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Su%C3%A8de+et+Norw%C3%A9ge&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=F.+Didot+fr%C3%A8res&rft.date=1838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A863"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lot2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lot2_15-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lot1948"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ferdinand_Lot1948">Ferdinand <span class="nom_auteur">Lot</span>, <cite class="italique">Naissance de la France</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Librairie Arthème Fayard</a>,, <time>1948</time>, 864 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/lot_ferdinand/Naissance_de_la_france/lot_naissance_france.doc">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Naissance+de+la+France&rft.pub=Librairie+Arth%C3%A8me+Fayard&rft.aulast=Lot&rft.aufirst=Ferdinand&rft.date=1948&rft.tpages=864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A863"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Fleury" title="Claude Fleury">Claude Fleury</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=VC0YteGeKjYC&pg=RA2-PA436"><i>Histoire ecclesiastique, 7, Volume 27</i></a> chez Hyppolite-Louis Guerin, 1779</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/date/0863/">L’année 863</a> sur le site de la <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge" title="Portail du Haut Moyen Âge"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Armoiries_imaginaires_de_Charlemagne_%281%29.svg/20px-Armoiries_imaginaires_de_Charlemagne_%281%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Armoiries_imaginaires_de_Charlemagne_%281%29.svg/30px-Armoiries_imaginaires_de_Charlemagne_%281%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Armoiries_imaginaires_de_Charlemagne_%281%29.svg/40px-Armoiries_imaginaires_de_Charlemagne_%281%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="776" data-file-height="922" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge" title="Portail:Haut Moyen Âge">Portail du Haut Moyen Âge</a></span> • <span class="bandeau-sous-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge/Empire_carolingien" title="Portail:Haut Moyen Âge/Empire carolingien">section <b>Empire carolingien</b></a></span></span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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