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Vimaladharmasuriya I - Wikipedia
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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Kingship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kingship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Welcoming_the_Dutch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Welcoming_the_Dutch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Welcoming the Dutch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Welcoming_the_Dutch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buddhism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buddhism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Buddhism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buddhism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimaladharmasuriya_I." title="Vimaladharmasuriya I. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vimaladharmasuriya I." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimala_Dharma_Surya_I_de_Kandy" title="Vimala Dharma Surya I de Kandy – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vimala Dharma Surya I de Kandy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimaladharmasuriya_I" title="Vimaladharmasuriya I – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vimaladharmasuriya I" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%85%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A2" title="පළමුවන විමලධර්මසූරිය රජ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පළමුවන විමලධර්මසූරිය රජ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimaladharmasuriya_I" title="Vimaladharmasuriya I – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vimaladharmasuriya I" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King of Kandy from 1592 to 1604</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Vimaladharmasūriya I</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Thrisinhaladheeshwara <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Lankeshwara<br />Bhupathi</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Vimaladharmasuriya_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/King_Vimaladharmasuriya_I.jpg/220px-King_Vimaladharmasuriya_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/King_Vimaladharmasuriya_I.jpg/330px-King_Vimaladharmasuriya_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/King_Vimaladharmasuriya_I.jpg/440px-King_Vimaladharmasuriya_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="769" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Kandy">King of Kandy</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">1592–1604</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rajasinha_I_of_Sitawaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasinha I of Sitawaka">Rajasinha I of Sitawaka</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Senarat_of_Kandy" title="Senarat of Kandy">Senarat of Kandy</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Konappu Bandara<br />Peradeniya, Sri Lanka</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1604<br />Royal Palace, Kandy, Sri Lanka.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label">Royal Cremation Yard, Asgiri Temple, Kandy, Sri Lanka.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data">Queen <a href="/wiki/Kusumasana_Devi" title="Kusumasana Devi">Kusumasana Devi</a> of Kandy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data">Dona Amelia (Yakadadoli)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Crown Prince Mahastenne (died 1612)</li><li>Princess Suriya Mahadasin/Suriya Devi (died 1617)</li><li>Princess Sampala Mahadasin/ Sama Devi</li><li>Prince Wijayapala, Prince of Matale</li><li>Prince Kumarasinghe, Prince of Uva</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_language" title="Sinhala language">Sinhala</a></th><td class="infobox-data">පළමුවන විමලධර්මසූරිය</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virasundara_Bandara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virasundara Bandara (page does not exist)">Virasundara Bandara</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data">Kosbokke Gedara Vimalu <br /> (concubine of Virasundara Bandara)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Theravada" title="Theravada">Theravada Buddhism</a><br /> <i>previous</i> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Vimaladharmasūriya I</b> was a king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kandy" title="Kingdom of Kandy">Kandy</a> from 1590 to 1604. His reputation was built when he successfully repulsed two major <a href="/wiki/Sinhalese%E2%80%93Portuguese_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinhalese–Portuguese War">Portuguese offensives on Kandy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Campaign_of_Danture" title="Campaign of Danture">Battle of Danture</a> in 1594 and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gannoruwa" title="Battle of Gannoruwa">Battle of Balana</a> in 1602, in both of which the Portuguese were humiliatingly defeated. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Name">Name</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vimaladharmasuriya I is referred to by four names by different sources. Rajavaliya<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mentions his early name as Konappu Bandara and says he is the son of a Kandyan chieftain, Weerasundara Bandara of Peradeniya. Reports of early Dutch visitors Sebald de Veert and Joris van Spilbergen mention him as Don João da Austria.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Joao Rebeiro mentions one Don Juan <a href="/wiki/Appuhamy" title="Appuhamy">Appuhamy</a>, a commoner who was sent to conquer the kingdom of Kandy and of Konnapu Bandara. Historians have also noted that from 1604 to 1617 there is little information available as to what happened in the Kandyan Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, there is the possibility of mixing up of several personalities by later historians in reconstructing the history of that period. As per the deed given by this king to the chief commander of <a href="/wiki/Campaign_of_Danture" title="Campaign of Danture">Campaign of Danture</a>, his mother's name is Kosbokke Gedara Vimalu, after whom he took up his name Vimaladharmasuriya.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vimaladharmasuriya I, known as Konappu Banḍāra or Galagoda Wimaladharmasurya Bandara before his ascension, was the son of a distinguished aristocrat, from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hatara_k%C5%8Drale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hatara kōrale (page does not exist)">Hatara kōrale</a> (‘four districts’) (roughly equivalent to today’s <a href="/wiki/Kegalla_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegalla District">Kegalla District</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galagoda_Weerasundara_Bandara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galagoda Weerasundara Bandara (page does not exist)">Galagoda Weerasundara Bandara</a>. Tikiri Galagoda Kumarihamy was a relation and descendant of the family of Galagoda.Vimaladharmasuriya's father was murdered by <a href="/wiki/Rajasinha_I_of_Sitawaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasinha I of Sitawaka">Rajasinghe l</a>. As a result Banḍāra had to flee to <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Goa" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Goa">Portuguese Goa</a> where he became a Catholic convert as Dom João de Áustria.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEObeyesekere2017161_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEObeyesekere2017161-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trouble_in_the_Kingdom">Trouble in the Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Trouble in the Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rajasinha_I_of_Sitawaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasinha I of Sitawaka">Rajasinghe l</a> invaded Kandyan Kingdom in 1582 with the help of Veerasundara Bandara and overthrew the Kandyan ruler <a href="/wiki/Karalliyadde_Bandara" title="Karalliyadde Bandara">Karalliyadde Bandara</a>. During the invasion, <a href="/wiki/Karaliyadde_Bandara" class="mw-redirect" title="Karaliyadde Bandara">Karaliyadde Bandara</a> was able to decamp from Kandy with his wife, younger daughter (<a href="/wiki/Kusumasana_Devi" title="Kusumasana Devi">Kusumasana Devi</a>) and nephew (<a href="/wiki/Yamasinghe_Bandara" title="Yamasinghe Bandara">Yamasinghe Bandara</a>). But him and his wife died on the way while his nephew and daughter was able to reach Portuguese fort at <a href="/wiki/Mannar_District" title="Mannar District">Mannar</a>. Rajasinghe I made Veerasundara Bandara the ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kandy" title="Kingdom of Kandy">Kandyan Kingdom</a>. But soon became suspicious of him. Rajasinghe I tricked Veerasundara Bandara to come to Seethawaka and killed him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Under_the_Portuguese_and_Baptism">Under the Portuguese and Baptism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Under the Portuguese and Baptism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of his father's murder Konappu Bandara secretly ran away from Kandy to the Portuguese fort at Colombo. He was sent to <a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a> and in there he was Baptised as Dom João and learned fighting techniques from Portuguese. It was said that he attended some of the battles there with the Portuguese. The ruler appointed by Rajasinghe l for the Kandyan Kingdom was Nikapitiye Bandara who turned out to be a ruthless ruler. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingship">Kingship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Kingship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vimala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/36/Vimala.jpg/250px-Vimala.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/36/Vimala.jpg/375px-Vimala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/36/Vimala.jpg/500px-Vimala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="371" /></a><figcaption>Vimaladharmasuriya meeting with the Dutch explorer <a href="/wiki/Joris_van_Spilbergen" title="Joris van Spilbergen">Joris van Spilbergen</a> in 1602</figcaption></figure> <p>King Vimaladharmasuriya is regarded by some historians as the Kandyan Kingdom's second founder, responsible for its revival. He was baptized under the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portuguese</a> name of Dom João da Austria. In 1594 he married Princess <a href="/wiki/Kusmasana_Devi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kusmasana Devi">Kusmasana Devi</a> who, as Dona Catherina, was put forward by the Portuguese as the rightful claimant to the throne and became king. After renouncing <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> and embracing <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, Vimaladharmasuriya constructed a two-tiered shrine close to his palace in order to sanctify his capital, <a href="/wiki/Kandy" title="Kandy">Kandy</a>, and accommodate the politically-important <a href="/wiki/Relic_of_the_tooth_of_the_Buddha" title="Relic of the tooth of the Buddha">relic of the tooth of the Buddha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Welcoming_the_Dutch">Welcoming the Dutch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Welcoming the Dutch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Dutch explorer <a href="/wiki/Joris_van_Spilbergen" title="Joris van Spilbergen">Joris van Spilbergen</a> offered an alliance to fight off the Portuguese. Following these negotiations, <a href="/wiki/Sebald_de_Weert" title="Sebald de Weert">Sebald de Weert</a> was officially sent by Admiral <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wybrand_van_Warwijck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wybrand van Warwijck (page does not exist)">Wybrand van Warwijck</a> to mount a joint counter-attack against the Portuguese. The alliance ended in disaster, however, during a drinking party, where the Dutch became rowdy, De Weert according to <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Valentijn" class="mw-redirect" title="François Valentijn">François Valentijn</a> insulted the queen, and De Weert and all 47 Dutchmen accompanying him consequently were killed. An alliance would not be possible again until 1612, when a new envoy, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcellus_de_Boschouwer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcellus de Boschouwer (page does not exist)">Marcellus de Boschouwer</a>, established a treaty with <a href="/wiki/Senarat_of_Kandy" title="Senarat of Kandy">Senarat of Kandy</a>, ultimately leading to the eviction of the Portuguese from the island, and about one century of Dutch rule in coastal regions, until the British in turn took the island in 1815. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buddhism">Buddhism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Buddhism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the time of Vimaladharmasuriya's coronation Buddhism was on the verge of disappearing from the island. The king learned that ordained Buddhist monks no longer existed on the island so he sent one of his ministers to <a href="/wiki/Lower_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Burma">Lower Burma</a> and reestablished Buddhism in Kandy. By this time, the relic of the tooth of the Buddha was hidden in <a href="/wiki/Delgamuwa_Raja_Maha_Vihara" title="Delgamuwa Raja Maha Vihara">Delgamuwa Raja Maha Vihara</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sabaragamuwa_Province" title="Sabaragamuwa Province">Sabaragamuwa Province</a>. The king brought the tooth relic to Kandy and built a two-storied <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_the_Tooth" title="Temple of the Tooth">Temple of the Tooth</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Palace of Kandy">Royal Palace of Kandy</a> to house the relic. He also repaired many ruined Buddhist temples throughout his kingdom such as Gadaladeniya, Lakathilaka and Ridi Viharaya.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Portrayed by Sangeeth Satharasinghe in the 2019 <a href="/wiki/TV_Derana" title="TV Derana">TV Derana</a> TV series <i>Kusumasana Devi</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sri_Lankan_monarchs" title="List of Sri Lankan monarchs">List of Sri Lankan monarchs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output 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href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edupub.gov.lk">"chapter 1, Kandyan kingdom, page 15"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=chapter+1%2C+Kandyan+kingdom%2C+page+15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedupub.gov.lk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVimaladharmasuriya+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=si.wikibooks.org&rft.atitle=%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA+-+%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA+iii+-+Wikibooks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsi.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25BA_-_%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25BA_iii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVimaladharmasuriya+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Earliest Dutch Visitors to Ceylon, Nissanka Perera, S. Godage and Brothers, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kandy Fights the Portuguese, C. Gaston Perera, Vijithayapa Publications, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.sundayobserver.lk/2014/07/20/spe03.asp">"What happened at Danthure 400 years ago"</a>. <i>archives.sundayobserver.lk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archives.sundayobserver.lk&rft.atitle=What+happened+at+Danthure+400+years+ago&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.sundayobserver.lk%2F2014%2F07%2F20%2Fspe03.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVimaladharmasuriya+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mawratanews.lk/mahawanshaya/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%99-%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%96-%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94-%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%82">"මවගෙ නමින් රජවූ අපූරු සිංහලයා"</a>. 2019-10-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%99+%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A+%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%96+%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94+%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F&rft.date=2019-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mawratanews.lk%2Fmahawanshaya%2F%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B6%259C%25E0%25B7%2599-%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%258A-%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%2596-%25E0%25B6%2585%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B7%2596%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%2594-%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%2582&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVimaladharmasuriya+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEObeyesekere2017161-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEObeyesekere2017161_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFObeyesekere2017">Obeyesekere 2017</a>, p. 161.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFObeyesekere2017 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPilimatalavuva2007" class="citation news cs1">Pilimatalavuva, Ananda (March 4, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sundaytimes.lk/070304/KandyTimes/514_kt1.html">"A kingdom is born, a kingdom is lost"</a>. <i>Kandy Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1391-0531">1391-0531</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2008</span> – via <a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times_(Sri_Lanka)" title="The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)">The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)</a>. <q>He also took actions to enhance the cotton industry. He took steps to develop the iron and steel industries at Kotmale and Walpane, as well as the nitrite industry in the Kandyan Kingdom.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kandy+Times&rft.atitle=A+kingdom+is+born%2C+a+kingdom+is+lost&rft.date=2007-03-04&rft.issn=1391-0531&rft.aulast=Pilimatalavuva&rft.aufirst=Ananda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sundaytimes.lk%2F070304%2FKandyTimes%2F514_kt1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVimaladharmasuriya+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeneviratnaPolk1992" class="citation book cs1">Seneviratna, Anuradha; Polk, Benjamin (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zdKhuDerQsgC&dq=vimaladharmasuriya+i&pg=RA3-PA134"><i>Buddhist Monastic Architecture in Sri Lanka: The Woodland Shrines</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170172819" title="Special:BookSources/9788170172819"><bdi>9788170172819</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-02-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buddhist+Monastic+Architecture+in+Sri+Lanka%3A+The+Woodland+Shrines&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9788170172819&rft.aulast=Seneviratna&rft.aufirst=Anuradha&rft.au=Polk%2C+Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzdKhuDerQsgC%26dq%3Dvimaladharmasuriya%2Bi%26pg%3DRA3-PA134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVimaladharmasuriya+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Culavamsa</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGananath_Obeyesekere2017" class="citation book cs1">Gananath Obeyesekere (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1557938/">"Between the Portuguese and the Nāyakas: the many faces of the Kandyan Kingdom, 1591– 1765"</a>. In Biedermann, Zoltan; Strathern, Alan (eds.). <i>Sri Lanka at the crossroads of history</i>. London: UCL Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781911307846" title="Special:BookSources/9781911307846"><bdi>9781911307846</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Between+the+Portuguese+and+the+N%C4%81yakas%3A+the+many+faces+of+the+Kandyan+Kingdom%2C+1591%E2%80%93+1765&rft.btitle=Sri+Lanka+at+the+crossroads+of+history&rft.place=London&rft.pub=UCL+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781911307846&rft.au=Gananath+Obeyesekere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2F1557938%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVimaladharmasuriya+I" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vimaladharmasuriya_I&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/gen3000.html">Kings & Rulers of Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lakdiva.org/codrington/">Codrington's Short History of Ceylon</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Vimaladharmasuriya I </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/SriLankan_chronicle#Konnapu_Bandara_Dynasty_(1591–1739)" class="mw-redirect" title="SriLankan chronicle">Konnapu Bandara Dynasty</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> ? ?</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> ? 1604</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rajasimha_I_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasimha I of Sri Lanka">Rajasimha I</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Kandyan_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandyan Kingdom">King of Kandy</a> </b><br />1592 –1604 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Senarat_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Senarat of Sri Lanka">Senarat</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_the_Kingdom_of_Kandy" title="Template:Monarchs of the Kingdom of Kandy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_the_Kingdom_of_Kandy" title="Template talk:Monarchs of the Kingdom of Kandy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_the_Kingdom_of_Kandy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of the Kingdom of Kandy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_Kandyan_monarchs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kandyan_monarchs" title="List of Kandyan monarchs">List of Kandyan monarchs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Siri_Sanga_Bo" title="House of Siri Sanga Bo">House of Siri Sanga Bo</a><br />(1473–1592)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sena_Sammatha_Wickramabahu_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sena Sammatha Wickramabahu of Kandy">Sena Sammatha Wickramabahu</a> (1473–1511)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayaweera_Astana_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jayaweera Astana of Kandy">Jayaweera Astana</a> (1511–1551)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaliyadde_Bandara_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Karaliyadde Bandara of Kandy">Karaliyadde Bandara</a> (1551–1581)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dona_Catherina_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Dona Catherina of Kandy">Dona Catherina</a> (1581–1581)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasinha_I_of_Sitawaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasinha I of Sitawaka">Rajasinha I</a> (1581–1591)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of Dinajara<br />(1590–1739)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vimaladharmasuriya_I_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy">Vimaladharmasuriya I</a> (1590–1604)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senarat_of_Kandy" title="Senarat of Kandy">Senarat</a> (1604–1635)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasinghe_II_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasinghe II of Kandy">Rajasinghe II</a> (1635–1687)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimaladharmasurya_II_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Vimaladharmasurya II of Kandy">Vimaladharmasurya II</a> (1687–1707)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Narendra_Sinha_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Vira Narendra Sinha of Kandy">Vira Narendra Sinha</a> (1707–1739)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nayaks_of_Kandy" title="Nayaks of Kandy">Nayaks of Kandy</a><br />(1739–1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vijaya_Rajasinha_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Vijaya Rajasinha of Kandy">Sri Vijaya Rajasinha</a> (1739–1747)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirti_Sri_Rajasinha_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirti Sri Rajasinha of Kandy">Kirti Sri Rajasinha</a> (1747–1782)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajadhi_Rajasinha_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajadhi Rajasinha of Kandy">Rajadhi Rajasinha</a> (1782–1798)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vikrama_Rajasinha_of_Kandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Vikrama Rajasinha of Kandy">Sri Vikrama Rajasinha</a> (1798–1815)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Monarchs from 1473 to 1592 were only regional rulers</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐f7rzp Cached time: 20241124163957 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.385 seconds Real time usage: 0.528 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