Search results for: Mikko M盲kel盲

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M盲kel盲</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Mikko M盲kel盲"> <meta name="keywords" content="Mikko M盲kel盲"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Mikko M盲kel盲"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Mikko M盲kel盲</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Release of Elements in Bottom Ash and Fly Ash from Incineration of Peat- and Wood-Residues using a Sequential Extraction Procedure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Risto%20Poykio">Risto Poykio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kati%20Manskinen"> Kati Manskinen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olli%20Dahl"> Olli Dahl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mikko%20M%C3%A4kel%C3%A4"> Mikko M盲kel盲</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hannu%20Nurmesniemi"> Hannu Nurmesniemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>When the results of the total element concentrations using USEPA method 3051A are compared to the sequential extraction analyses (i.e. the sum of fractions BCR1, BCR2 and BRC3), it can be calculated that the recovery values of elements varied between 56.8-% and 69.4-% in the bottom ash, and between 11.3-% and 70.9-% in the fly ash. This indicates that most of the elements in the ashes do not occur as readily soluble forms.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ash" title="Ash">Ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BCR" title=" BCR"> BCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=leaching" title=" leaching"> leaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solubility" title=" solubility"> solubility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/release-of-elements-in-bottom-ash-and-fly-ash-from-incineration-of-peat-and-wood-residues-using-a-sequential-extraction-procedure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1580</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Comparison of The Fertilizer Properties of Ash Fractions from Medium-Sized (32 MW) and Small-Sized (6 MW) Municipal District Heating Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hannu%20Nurmesniemi">Hannu Nurmesniemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mikko%20M%C3%A4kel%C3%A4"> Mikko M盲kel盲</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Risto%20P%C3%B6yki%C3%B6"> Risto P枚yki枚</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olli%20Dahl"> Olli Dahl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the low heavy metal concentrations, the bottom ash from a 32 MW municipal district heating plant was determined to be a potential forest fertilizer as such. However, additional Ca would be needed, because its Ca concentration of 1.9- % (d.w.) was lower than the statutory Finnish minimum limit value of 6.0-% (d.w.) for Ca in forest fertilizer. Due to the elevated As concentration (53.0 mg/kg; d.w.) in the fly ash from the 32 MW municipal district heating plant, and Cr concentration (620 mg/kg; d.w.) in the ash fraction (i.e. mixture of the bottom ash and fly ash) from the 6 MW municipal district heating plant, which exceed the limit values of 30 mg/kg (d.w.) and 300 mg/kg (d.w.) for As and Cr, respectively, these residues are not suitable as forest fertilizers. Although these ash fractions cannot be used as a forest fertilizer as such, they can be used for the landscaping of landfills or in industrial and other areas that are closed to the public. However, an environmental permit is then needed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ash" title="Ash">Ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fertilizer" title=" fertilizer"> fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=peat" title=" peat"> peat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=forest%20residue" title=" forest residue"> forest residue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/comparison-of-the-fertilizer-properties-of-ash-fractions-from-medium-sized-32-mw-and-small-sized-6-mw-municipal-district-heating-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Application of a Modified BCR Approach to Investigate the Mobility and Availability of Trace Elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo,Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg) from a Solid Residue Matrix Designed for Soil Amendment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mikko%20M%C3%A4kel%C3%A4">Mikko M盲kel盲</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Risto%20P%C3%B6yki%C3%B6"> Risto P枚yki枚</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gary%20Watkins"> Gary Watkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hannu%20Nurmesniemi"> Hannu Nurmesniemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olli%20Dahl"> Olli Dahl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Trace element speciation of an integrated soil amendment matrix was studied with a modified BCR sequential extraction procedure. The analysis included pseudo-total concentration determinations according to USEPA 3051A and relevant physicochemical properties by standardized methods. Based on the results, the soil amendment matrix possessed neutralization capacity comparable to commercial fertilizers. Additionally, the pseudo-total concentrations of all trace elements included in the Finnish regulation for agricultural fertilizers were lower than the respective statutory limit values. According to chemical speciation, the lability of trace elements increased in the following order: Hg < Cr < Co < Cu < As < Zn < Ni < Pb < Cd < V < Mo < Ba. The validity of the BCR approach as a tool for chemical speciation was confirmed by the additional acid digestion phase. Recovery of trace elements during the procedure assured the validity of the approach and indicated good quality of the analytical work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BCR" title="BCR">BCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bioavailability" title=" bioavailability"> bioavailability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20element" title=" trace element"> trace element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=industrialresidue" title=" industrialresidue"> industrialresidue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sequential%20extraction" title=" sequential extraction"> sequential extraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/application-of-a-modified-bcr-approach-to-investigate-the-mobility-and-availability-of-trace-elements-as-ba-cd-co-cr-cu-moni-pb-zn-and-hg-from-a-solid-residue-matrix-designed-for-soil-amendment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1844</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Estimating Localization Network Node Positions with a Multi-Robot System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mikko%20Elomaa">Mikko Elomaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aarne%20Halme"> Aarne Halme</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A novel method using bearing-only SLAM to estimate node positions of a localization network is proposed. A group of simple robots are used to estimate the position of each node. Each node has a unique ID, which it can communicate to a robot close by. Initially the node IDs and positions are unknown. A case example using RFID technology in the localization network is introduced.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Localization%20network" title="Localization network">Localization network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Multi-robot" title=" Multi-robot"> Multi-robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RFID" title=" RFID"> RFID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SLAM" title=" SLAM"> SLAM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/estimating-localization-network-node-positions-with-a-multi-robot-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7801.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Watermark-based Counter for Restricting Digital Audio Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mikko%20L%C3%B6ytynoja">Mikko L枚ytynoja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nedeljko%20Cvejic"> Nedeljko Cvejic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tapio%20Sepp%C3%A4nen"> Tapio Sepp盲nen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper we introduce three watermarking methods that can be used to count the number of times that a user has played some content. The proposed methods are tested with audio content in our experimental system using the most common signal processing attacks. The test results show that the watermarking methods used enable the watermark to be extracted under the most common attacks with a low bit error rate.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Digital%20rights%20management" title="Digital rights management">Digital rights management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=restricted%20usage" title=" restricted usage"> restricted usage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=content%20protection" title=" content protection"> content protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spread%20spectrum" title=" spread spectrum"> spread spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=audio%20watermarking." title=" audio watermarking."> audio watermarking.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/watermark-based-counter-for-restricting-digital-audio-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Towards a Complete Automation Feature Recognition System for Sheet Metal Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bahaa%20Eltahawy">Bahaa Eltahawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mikko%20Ylih%C3%A4rsil%C3%A4"> Mikko Ylih盲rsil盲</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reino%20Virrankoski"> Reino Virrankoski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Esko%20Pet%C3%A4j%C3%A4"> Esko Pet盲j盲</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sheet metal processing is automated, but the step from product models to the production machine control still requires human intervention. This may cause time consuming bottlenecks in the production process and increase the risk of human errors. In this paper we present a system, which automatically recognizes features from the CAD-model of the sheet metal product. By using these features, the system produces a complete model of the particular sheet metal product. Then the model is used as an input for the sheet metal processing machine. Currently the system is implemented, capable to recognize more than 11 of the most common sheet metal structural features, and the procedure is fully automated. This provides remarkable savings in the production time, and protects against the human errors. This paper presents the developed system architecture, applied algorithms and system software implementation and testing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Feature%20recognition" title="Feature recognition">Feature recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=automation" title=" automation"> automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sheet%20metal%20manufacturing" title=" sheet metal manufacturing"> sheet metal manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CAM" title=" CAM"> CAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CAD." title=" CAD."> CAD.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006986/towards-a-complete-automation-feature-recognition-system-for-sheet-metal-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006986/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary 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