CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Bolivarian National Intelligence Service - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"486cddad-ccfb-4645-ad0d-1198ed9c15db","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service","wgTitle":"Bolivarian National Intelligence Service","wgCurRevisionId":1257891548,"wgRevisionId":1257891548,"wgArticleId":1150827,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 European Spanish-language sources (es-es)","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","Webarchive template wayback links","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles containing Spanish-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2023","Commons category link from Wikidata", "Coordinates not on Wikidata","Venezuelan intelligence agencies","Secret police","Political repression in Venezuela","Government agencies established in 2010","2010 establishments in Venezuela"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service","wgRelevantArticleId":1150827,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"SEBIN","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000, "wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service","wgCoordinates":{"lat":10.4954,"lon":-66.8826},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q6126016","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles": "ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Seal_of_SEBIN.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1174"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Seal_of_SEBIN.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="782"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="626"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Bolivarian National Intelligence Service - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service rootpage-Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Bolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Bolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Predecessors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predecessors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Predecessors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predecessors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bolivarian_Revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bolivarian_Revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Bolivarian Revolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bolivarian_Revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Domestic actions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Domestic_actions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Domestic actions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Domestic_actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_surveillance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_surveillance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Public surveillance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_surveillance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Surveillance_of_Jewish_community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surveillance_of_Jewish_community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Surveillance of Jewish community</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surveillance_of_Jewish_community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protest_suppression" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protest_suppression"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Protest suppression</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protest_suppression-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2004_Venezuela_recall_protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004_Venezuela_recall_protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>2004 Venezuela recall protests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004_Venezuela_recall_protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014_Venezuelan_protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014_Venezuelan_protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>2014 Venezuelan protests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014_Venezuelan_protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Torture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Torture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>International actions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_actions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International actions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Chile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bolivarian National Intelligence Service</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%95%D0%91%D0%86%D0%9D" title="СЕБІН – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="СЕБІН" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_Bolivariano_de_Inteligencia_Nacional" title="Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="سرویس اطلاعات ملی بولیوار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرویس اطلاعات ملی بولیوار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_national_de_renseignement_bolivarien" title="Service national de renseignement bolivarien – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Service national de renseignement bolivarien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEBIN" title="SEBIN – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="SEBIN" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_Bolivariano_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Nacional" title="Serviço Bolivariano de Inteligência Nacional – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Serviço Bolivariano de Inteligência Nacional" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%95%D0%91%D0%98%D0%9D" title="СЕБИН – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="СЕБИН" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_Bolivariano_de_Inteligencia_Nacional" title="Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6126016#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&oldid=1257891548" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&id=1257891548&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bolivarian_Intelligence_Service" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6126016" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&params=10.4954_N_66.8826_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°29′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">66°52′57″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.4954°N 66.8826°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.4954; -66.8826</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=SEBIN&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="SEBIN">SEBIN</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Secret police force of Venezuela</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">Bolivarian National Intelligence Service</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional</i></span><br /><b>SEBIN</b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_SEBIN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Seal_of_SEBIN.png/140px-Seal_of_SEBIN.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Seal_of_SEBIN.png/210px-Seal_of_SEBIN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Seal_of_SEBIN.png/280px-Seal_of_SEBIN.png 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="312" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><span class="nowrap">Seal of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_SEBIN.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SEBIN.gif/150px-Flag_of_SEBIN.gif" decoding="async" width="150" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SEBIN.gif/225px-Flag_of_SEBIN.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_SEBIN.gif/300px-Flag_of_SEBIN.gif 2x" data-file-width="699" data-file-height="421" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the Bolivarian Intelligence Service</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef"><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">Intelligence agency</a> overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">June 2, 2010<span class="noprint">; 14 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2010-06-02</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">Intelligence agency</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/National_Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Prevention_Services" title="National Directorate of Intelligence and Prevention Services">DISIP</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/La_Tumba_(Caracas)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Tumba (Caracas)">Plaza Venezuela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Classified_information" title="Classified information">Classified</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$169 million (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-SEBIN2013_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEBIN2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">Intelligence agency</a> executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Delcy_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Delcy Rodríguez">Delcy Rodríguez</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Gonz%C3%A1lez_L%C3%B3pez" title="Gustavo González López">Gustavo González López</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent department</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Venezuela" title="Vice President of Venezuela">Vice President of Venezuela</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Bolivarian National Intelligence Service</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional</i>, <b>SEBIN</b>) is the premier <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">intelligence agency</a> in <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. SEBIN is an internal security force subordinate to the <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Venezuela" title="Vice President of Venezuela">Vice President of Venezuela</a> since 2012 and is dependent on Vice President <a href="/wiki/Delcy_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Delcy Rodríguez">Delcy Rodríguez</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SEBIN has been described as the <a href="/wiki/Political_police" class="mw-redirect" title="Political police">political police</a> force of the <a href="/wiki/Bolivarianism#Bolivarianism_of_Hugo_Chávez" title="Bolivarianism">Bolivarian</a> government.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Venezuelan intelligence agency has an extensive record of <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> violations,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including recent allegations of torture and murder of political opponents.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predecessors">Predecessors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Predecessors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_General_de_Polic%C3%ADa" title="Dirección General de Policía">Dirección General de Policía</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Prevention_Services" title="National Directorate of Intelligence and Prevention Services">National Directorate of Intelligence and Prevention Services</a></div> <p>The predecessor of SEBIN was established in March 1969 with the name of DISIP, <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/National_Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Prevention_Services" title="National Directorate of Intelligence and Prevention Services">Dirección Nacional de los Servicios de Inteligencia y Prevención</a></i></span> ("National Directorate of Intelligence and Prevention Services"), by then-<a href="/wiki/President_of_Venezuela" title="President of Venezuela">president</a> <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Caldera" title="Rafael Caldera">Rafael Caldera</a>, replacing the <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_General_de_Polic%C3%ADa" title="Dirección General de Policía">Dirección General de Policía</a> (DIGEPOL). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> wrote in 1993 that DISIP was involved in targeting political dissenters within Venezuela and was involved in abusive tactics.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In their 1997 and 1998 reports, <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> also detailed human rights violations by DISIP, including unlawful detention of Venezuelan human rights activists.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bolivarian_Revolution">Bolivarian Revolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bolivarian Revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helicoide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Helicoide.jpg/220px-Helicoide.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Helicoide.jpg/330px-Helicoide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Helicoide.jpg/440px-Helicoide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="290" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/El_Helicoide" title="El Helicoide">El Helicoide</a>, the first headquarters of SEBIN</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1999, President Hugo Chávez began the restructuring of DISIP, with commanders and analysts being selected for their political attributes and rumors of some <a href="/wiki/Colectivo_(Venezuela)" title="Colectivo (Venezuela)">armed civilian groups</a> gaining credentials from such actions.<sup id="cite_ref-ENmay2014_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENmay2014-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A retired SEBIN commissioner explained that there began to be "biased and incomplete reports, tailored to the new ears, that began to proliferate and ultimately affects the ability of the institution to process information and know what happens".<sup id="cite_ref-ENmay2014_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENmay2014-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 4, 2009, President Chávez, during a swearing-in ceremony for the high command of the recently created Bolivarian National Police (<a href="/wiki/Polic%C3%ADa_Nacional_Bolivariana" class="mw-redirect" title="Policía Nacional Bolivariana">Policía Nacional Bolivariana</a>), announced the change of name of DISIP, with immediate effect, to Bolivarian Intelligence Service (Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia, or SEBIN).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The restructuring of SEBIN was completed in 2013 with one of its goals to guarantee the "continuity and consolidation of the <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Revolution" title="Bolivarian Revolution">Bolivarian Revolution</a> in power".<sup id="cite_ref-ENmay2014_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENmay2014-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UNIVISION1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNIVISION1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/2014_Venezuelan_protests" title="2014 Venezuelan protests">2014 Venezuelan protests</a>, SEBIN agents opened fire on protesters which resulted in the deaths of two and the dismissal of Brigadier General Manuel Gregorio Bernal Martinez days later.<sup id="cite_ref-UNIVISION1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNIVISION1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the Nicolás Maduro presidency, a building that was originally intended to be a subway station and offices in <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Venezuela" title="Plaza Venezuela">Plaza Venezuela</a> was converted into the headquarters for SEBIN.<sup id="cite_ref-UNIVISION1_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNIVISION1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ABC_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Domestic_actions">Domestic actions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Domestic actions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SEBIN had raided facilities of reporters and human rights defenders several times.<sup id="cite_ref-ENsebin_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENsebin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also stated that SEBIN occasionally intimidated reporters by following them in <a href="/wiki/Unmarked_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Unmarked vehicle">unmarked vehicles</a> where SEBIN personnel would "watch their homes and offices, the public places like bakeries and restaurants, and would send them text messages to their cell phones".<sup id="cite_ref-ENsebin_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENsebin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Narcosobrinos_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Narcosobrinos incident">Narcosobrinos incident</a> which saw President Maduro's nephews arrested in the United States for drug trafficking, <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> reporter <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Dreier" title="Hannah Dreier">Hannah Dreier</a>, who had been awarded for her reporting on Venezuela,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was detained by SEBIN agents in <a href="/wiki/Sabaneta,_Barinas" title="Sabaneta, Barinas">Sabaneta, Barinas</a>. SEBIN agents threatened her during an interrogation, saying they would behead her like <a href="/wiki/ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL">ISIL</a> did to <a href="/wiki/James_Foley_(journalist)" title="James Foley (journalist)">James Foley</a> and said that they would let her go for a kiss. Finally, agents said that they wanted to coerce the United States to exchange Maduro's nephews for Dreier, accusing her of being a spy and sabotaging the Venezuelan economy.<sup id="cite_ref-HDdepart_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDdepart-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_surveillance">Public surveillance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Public surveillance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CONATEL_to_SEBIN_Venezuela_Twitter_IP_address.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/CONATEL_to_SEBIN_Venezuela_Twitter_IP_address.jpg/250px-CONATEL_to_SEBIN_Venezuela_Twitter_IP_address.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/CONATEL_to_SEBIN_Venezuela_Twitter_IP_address.jpg/375px-CONATEL_to_SEBIN_Venezuela_Twitter_IP_address.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/CONATEL_to_SEBIN_Venezuela_Twitter_IP_address.jpg/500px-CONATEL_to_SEBIN_Venezuela_Twitter_IP_address.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2404" /></a><figcaption>A communication from General Director of <a href="/wiki/National_Commission_of_Telecommunications" title="National Commission of Telecommunications">CONATEL</a>, William Castillo Bolle, giving information on Venezuelan Twitter users to <a href="/wiki/SEBIN" class="mw-redirect" title="SEBIN">SEBIN</a> General Commissioner <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Gonz%C3%A1lez_L%C3%B3pez" title="Gustavo González López">Gustavo González López</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In an <i>El Nuevo Herald</i>, former SEBIN officials and security experts state that the Venezuelan government has allegedly spent millions of dollars to spy on Venezuelans; using Italian and Russian technology to monitor emails, keywords and telephone conversations of its citizens; especially those who use the dominant, state-controlled telecommunications provider <a href="/wiki/CANTV" title="CANTV">CANTV</a>. Acquired information is used to create a "<a href="/wiki/Person_of_interest" title="Person of interest">person of interest</a>" for Venezuelan authorities, where only selected individuals could have been fully spied on and where a database had been created to monitor those who publicly disagreed with the <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Revolution" title="Bolivarian Revolution">Bolivarian Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, multiple Twitter users were arrested and faced prosecution due to the tweets they made.<sup id="cite_ref-TWEETinfo_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWEETinfo-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Romero_(activist)" title="Alfredo Romero (activist)">Alfredo Romero</a>, executive director of the Venezuelan Penal Forum (FPV), stated that the arrests of Twitter users in Venezuela was a measure to instill fear among those using social media that were critical against the government.<sup id="cite_ref-TWEETinfo_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWEETinfo-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2014, eight Venezuelans were arrested shortly after the death of PSUV official <a href="/wiki/Robert_Serra" title="Robert Serra">Robert Serra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TWITarrests8_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWITarrests8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though the eight Venezuelans were arrested in October 2014, the Venezuelan government had been monitoring them since June 2014 according to leaked documents, with the state telecommunications agency <a href="/wiki/National_Commission_of_Telecommunications" title="National Commission of Telecommunications">Conatel</a> providing <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> and other details to the Venezuelan intelligence agency <a href="/wiki/SEBIN" class="mw-redirect" title="SEBIN">SEBIN</a> in order to arrest Twitter users.<sup id="cite_ref-TWITarrests8_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWITarrests8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Surveillance_of_Jewish_community">Surveillance of Jewish community</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Surveillance of Jewish community"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2013, 50 documents were leaked by <i>Analisis24</i> showing that SEBIN had been collecting "private information on prominent Venezuelan Jews, local Jewish organizations and Israeli diplomats in Latin America". Some info that was gathered by SEBIN operations included office photos, home addresses, passport numbers and travel itineraries. The leaked documents were believed to be authentic according to multiple sources which included the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a>, that stated, "It is chilling to read reports that the SEBIN received instructions to carry out clandestine surveillance operations against members of the Jewish community".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protest_suppression">Protest suppression</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Protest suppression"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2004_Venezuela_recall_protests">2004 Venezuela recall protests</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2004 Venezuela recall protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2004, <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> stated in a report following <a href="/wiki/2004_Venezuela_recall" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 Venezuela recall">2004 Venezuela recall</a> protests that SEBIN (then DISIP) "allegedly used excessive force to control the situation on a number of occasions".<sup id="cite_ref-AImarch2004_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AImarch2004-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2014_Venezuelan_protests">2014 Venezuelan protests</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2014 Venezuelan protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SEBIN_agent_2014.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/SEBIN_agent_2014.png/150px-SEBIN_agent_2014.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/SEBIN_agent_2014.png/225px-SEBIN_agent_2014.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/SEBIN_agent_2014.png/300px-SEBIN_agent_2014.png 2x" data-file-width="995" data-file-height="1008" /></a><figcaption>SEBIN agent at military ceremony in 2014</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2014_Venezuelan_protests" title="2014 Venezuelan protests">2014 Venezuelan protests</a></div> <p>Seven SEBIN members caused the first deaths of the <a href="/wiki/2014_Venezuelan_protests" title="2014 Venezuelan protests">2014 Venezuelan protests</a> on 12 February 2014 after shooting at unarmed and fleeing protesters several times, in violation of protocol, which resulted in the deaths of <a href="/wiki/Bassil_Da_Costa" title="Bassil Da Costa">Bassil Da Costa</a> and Juan Montoya.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SEBINshooting_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEBINshooting-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Days later, on February 17, armed SEBIN agents raided the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Popular_Will" title="Popular Will">Popular Will</a> in Caracas and held individuals who were inside at gunpoint.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following human rights violations by SEBIN during the protests, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> used powers granted from the <a href="/wiki/Venezuela_Defense_of_Human_Rights_and_Civil_Society_Act_of_2014" title="Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014">Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014</a> and ordered the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">United States Department of the Treasury</a> to freeze assets and property of the Director General of SEBIN, Gustavo Enrique González López and the former Director General, Manuel Gregorio Bernal Martínez.<sup id="cite_ref-TIME_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TIME-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Torture">Torture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Torture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Alb%C3%A1n" title="Fernando Albán">Fernando Albán</a></div> <p>Dubbed "<a href="/wiki/La_Tumba" title="La Tumba">La Tumba</a>", or "The Tomb", by Venezuelan officials, political prisoners are held five stories underground of the SEBIN headquarters in inhumane conditions at freezing temperatures and with no ventilation, sanitation, or daylight.<sup id="cite_ref-FUSION1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FUSION1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NEWSau_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEWSau-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USsenate_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USsenate-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cells are two by three meters that have a cement bed, security cameras and barred doors, with each cell aligned next to one another so there are no interactions between prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such conditions have caused prisoners to become very ill though they are denied medical treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-USsenate_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USsenate-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denounces of torture in "The Tomb", specifically <a href="/wiki/White_torture" title="White torture">white torture</a>, are also common, with some prisoners attempting to commit suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FUSION1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FUSION1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NEWSau_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEWSau-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such conditions are to force prisoners to plead guilty to crimes they are accused of.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The torture of political prisoners has included the capture, mistreatment and in some cases killing of their pets.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A SEBIN former official told the <a href="/wiki/Independent_International_Fact-Finding_Mission_on_Venezuela" title="Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Venezuela">Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Venezuela</a> that its director, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Calder%C3%B3n_(officer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos Calderón (officer) (page does not exist)">Carlos Calderón</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Calder%C3%B3n_(comisario)" class="extiw" title="es:Carlos Calderón (comisario)">es</a>]</span>, was directly involved in torture within the agency during the protests. Among other ill-treatment, he placed plastic bags on protesters, or poured water on them, and beat them to extract information.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_actions">International actions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: International actions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SebinCaracas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/SebinCaracas.jpg/250px-SebinCaracas.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/SebinCaracas.jpg/375px-SebinCaracas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/SebinCaracas.jpg/500px-SebinCaracas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3829" data-file-height="2872" /></a><figcaption>A SEBIN agent on a motorcycle in Caracas</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2012, <a href="/wiki/Livia_Acosta_Noguera" title="Livia Acosta Noguera">Livia Acosta Noguera</a> and at least 10 other SEBIN agents that were allegedly operating under the guise of diplomatic missions left the United States following a controversy involving Acosta.<sup id="cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENHnov2014-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a <a href="/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univision</a> documentary, while Acosta was a cultural attaché in Mexico, she allegedly met with Mexican students posing as hackers that were supposedly planning to launch cyberattacks on the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, the <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a> and several nuclear plants.<sup id="cite_ref-UNIjan2012_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNIjan2012-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCjan2012_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCjan2012-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNNjan2012_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNjan2012-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After an FBI investigation and reactions from members of the United States congress, the United States <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of State">Department of State</a> declared Acosta <i><a href="/wiki/Persona_non_grata" title="Persona non grata">persona non grata</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-UNIjan2012_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNIjan2012-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCjan2012_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCjan2012-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the withdrawal of SEBIN agents, the government of <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Nicolás Maduro</a> allegedly "maintains a network of spies in the United States, formed by supporters of the Bolivarian Revolution who are paid handsomely," according to former SEBIN officials.<sup id="cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENHnov2014-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former officials also stated that the contributions of "spies" is maintained by members of the "Patriotas Cooperantes" and from open source contributions, such as from press reports or information posted on websites.<sup id="cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENHnov2014-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Venezuelan government has used such tactics to reportedly observe government opposition organizations in the United States and has allegedly spied on United States government officials such as Cuban-American senator and representative <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>-<a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">FL</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Ileana_Ros-Lehtinen" title="Ileana Ros-Lehtinen">Ileana Ros-Lehtinen</a> (R-FL), respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENHnov2014-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 February 2019, General Director Manuel Cristopher Figuera was sanctioned by the United States for suspected human rights violations and torture.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuela_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Venezuela uprising">Venezuelan uprising on 30 April 2019</a>, the U.S. removed sanctions against Manuel Cristopher Figuera, who broke ranks with Maduro.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chile">Chile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On February 21, 2024, SEBIN allegedly kidnapped the Venezuelan dissident and former army member Ronald Ojeda from his apartment in Santiago de Chile.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ojeda had received political asylum in Chile in 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SEBIN_headquarters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/SEBIN_headquarters.jpg/180px-SEBIN_headquarters.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/SEBIN_headquarters.jpg/270px-SEBIN_headquarters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/SEBIN_headquarters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="282" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>One of two headquarters of SEBIN, where <i><a href="/wiki/La_Tumba_(Caracas)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Tumba (Caracas)">La Tumba</a></i> is located, in Caracas</figcaption></figure> <p>SEBIN operates from two headquarters; <a href="/wiki/El_Helicoide" title="El Helicoide">El Helicoide</a> the original headquarters of the agency.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its second and more updated facility at <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Venezuela" title="Plaza Venezuela">Plaza Venezuela</a>, where <i><a href="/wiki/La_Tumba_(Caracas)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Tumba (Caracas)">La Tumba</a></i> (The Tomb) is located.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This federal entity could be considered the only security agency in Venezuela that never participates in any direct involvement with the general public. SEBIN doesn't patrol the public roads, arrest civilians, or do regular law enforcement work like police departments and doesn't participate in any police raids, joint task forces, or operations not related to the ministry of interior and justice. It is an agency that combines their counterparts of the FBI, CIA, Secret Service, and US Marshal core work, such as counterterrorism, intelligence, counterintelligence, government investigations, and background investigations and provides protection/escort for high-ranking government officials, among other federally mandated duties. Officers of this agency are rarely seen in public wearing their full black uniforms; they can be seen providing protection within a few federal buildings throughout the country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKrygierPartlow2017" class="citation news cs1">Krygier, Rachelle; Partlow, Joshua (June 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/in-venezuela-prisoners-say-abuse-is-so-bad-they-are-forced-to-eat-pasta-mixed-with-excrement/2017/06/23/39a0c85e-4acb-11e7-987c-42ab5745db2e_story.html">"In Venezuela, prisoners say abuse is so bad they are forced to eat pasta mixed with excrement"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2017</span>. <q>The headquarters of the Venezuelan intelligence service is a vast pyramid-shaped edifice known as <a href="/wiki/El_Helicoide" title="El Helicoide">the Helicoide</a>, a former shopping mall which now functions as an interrogation pen for political prisoners and protesters.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=In+Venezuela%2C+prisoners+say+abuse+is+so+bad+they+are+forced+to+eat+pasta+mixed+with+excrement&rft.date=2017-06-24&rft.aulast=Krygier&rft.aufirst=Rachelle&rft.au=Partlow%2C+Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fthe_americas%2Fin-venezuela-prisoners-say-abuse-is-so-bad-they-are-forced-to-eat-pasta-mixed-with-excrement%2F2017%2F06%2F23%2F39a0c85e-4acb-11e7-987c-42ab5745db2e_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SEBIN2013-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SEBIN2013_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.derechos.org.ve/pw/wp-content/uploads/1.3.-SEBIN1.pdf">"SERVICIO BOLIVARIANO DE INTELIGENCIA NACIONAL SEBIN - Memoria 2013"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Venezuela" title="Vice President of Venezuela">Vicepresidencia de la República</a>. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SERVICIO+BOLIVARIANO+DE+INTELIGENCIA+NACIONAL+SEBIN+-+Memoria+2013&rft.pub=Vicepresidencia+de+la+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.derechos.org.ve%2Fpw%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F1.3.-SEBIN1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lapatilla.com/2018/06/14/con-su-nuevo-cargo-delcy-rodriguez-sera-la-responsable-del-sebin/">"Con su nuevo cargo, Delcy Rodríguez será la responsable del Sebin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/La_Patilla" title="La Patilla">La Patilla</a>]</i> (in European Spanish). 14 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Patilla%5D&rft.atitle=Con+su+nuevo+cargo%2C+Delcy+Rodr%C3%ADguez+ser%C3%A1+la+responsable+del+Sebin&rft.date=2018-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lapatilla.com%2F2018%2F06%2F14%2Fcon-su-nuevo-cargo-delcy-rodriguez-sera-la-responsable-del-sebin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">* <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Informe-Panel-Independiente-Venezuela-EN.pdf">"REPORT OF THE GENERAL SECRETARIAT OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES AND THE PANEL OF INDEPENDENT INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS ON THE POSSIBLE COMMISSION OF CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY IN VENEZUELA"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>: <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organization of American States</a>. May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2018</span>. <q>The Bolivarian National Intelligence Service are the political police of the <a href="/wiki/Bolivarianism#Bolivarianism_of_Hugo_Chávez" title="Bolivarianism">Bolivarian</a> Government.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=REPORT+OF+THE+GENERAL+SECRETARIAT+OF+THE+ORGANIZATION+OF+AMERICAN+STATES+AND+THE+PANEL+OF+INDEPENDENT+INTERNATIONAL+EXPERTS+ON+THE+POSSIBLE+COMMISSION+OF+CRIMES+AGAINST+HUMANITY+IN+VENEZUELA&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Organization+of+American+States&rft.date=2018-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freliefweb.int%2Fsites%2Freliefweb.int%2Ffiles%2Fresources%2FInforme-Panel-Independiente-Venezuela-EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss2016" class="citation book cs1">Ross, Clifton (2016). <i>Home from the Dark Side of Utopia: A Journey through American Revolutions</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_CA" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland, CA">Oakland, CA</a>: <a href="/wiki/AK_Press" title="AK Press">AK Press</a>. <q>... SEBIN (Bolivarian secret police) ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Home+from+the+Dark+Side+of+Utopia%3A+A+Journey+through+American+Revolutions&rft.place=Oakland%2C+CA&rft.pub=AK+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Clifton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLares2015" class="citation book cs1">Lares, Fermin (2015). <i>The Chavismo Files</i>. Page Publishing, Incorporated. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781682138434" title="Special:BookSources/9781682138434"><bdi>9781682138434</bdi></a>. <q>... Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional (Bolivarian Intelligence Service) (SEBIN), the political police of the regime.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chavismo+Files&rft.pub=Page+Publishing%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781682138434&rft.aulast=Lares&rft.aufirst=Fermin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CCPR/Shared%20Documents/VEN/INT_CCPR_CSS_VEN_20686_E.pdf"><i>POLITICAL PERSECUTION IN VENEZUELA</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Center for Justice and Peace (CEPAZ). June 2015. p. 64<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2018</span>. <q>The body of research commissioned for the cases is the political police, the SEBIN ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=POLITICAL+PERSECUTION+IN+VENEZUELA&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Center+for+Justice+and+Peace+%28CEPAZ%29&rft.date=2015-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftbinternet.ohchr.org%2FTreaties%2FCCPR%2FShared%2520Documents%2FVEN%2FINT_CCPR_CSS_VEN_20686_E.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrinkunas2014" class="citation web cs1">Trinkunas, Harold (20 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2014/02/20/toward-a-peaceful-solution-for-venezuelas-crisis/">"Toward a Peaceful Solution for Venezuela's Crisis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Brookings_Institution" title="Brookings Institution">Brookings Institution</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2018</span>. <q>Already, this has allowed journalists to identify SEBIN agents by name ... and it has led President Maduro to fire the head of the political police</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brookings+Institution&rft.atitle=Toward+a+Peaceful+Solution+for+Venezuela%27s+Crisis&rft.date=2014-02-20&rft.aulast=Trinkunas&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Fblog%2Fup-front%2F2014%2F02%2F20%2Ftoward-a-peaceful-solution-for-venezuelas-crisis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/venezuela/article211374659.html">"Confusion swirls around Venezuelan prison revolt where US. citizen is detained"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Miami_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Miami Herald">The Miami Herald</a></i>. 17 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-08</span></span>. <q>Political police officers from SEBIN ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+Herald&rft.atitle=Confusion+swirls+around+Venezuelan+prison+revolt+where+US.+citizen+is+detained&rft.date=2018-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2Fnews%2Fnation-world%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fvenezuela%2Farticle211374659.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCristóbal_Nagel2015" class="citation web cs1">Cristóbal Nagel, Juan (16 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/10/16/venezuelas-other-political-prisoners/">"Venezuela's Other Political Prisoners"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-08</span></span>. <q>Venezuela's political police, the SEBIN, ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Venezuela%27s+Other+Political+Prisoners&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft.aulast=Crist%C3%B3bal+Nagel&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2015%2F10%2F16%2Fvenezuelas-other-political-prisoners%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=2432518&CategoryId=10717">"TalCual: Sebin Rules in Venezuela"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Herald_Tribune" title="Latin American Herald Tribune">Latin American Herald Tribune</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-08</span></span>. <q>The use of the civil justice system to repress dissent seems not to be working as well as it should for the Government anymore and for that reason Sebin, Venezuela's political police force, is trying to get the control of the courts of justice by forcing some of their judges to comply with its orders.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Latin+American+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=TalCual%3A+Sebin+Rules+in+Venezuela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laht.com%2Farticle.asp%3FArticleId%3D2432518%26CategoryId%3D10717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/05/17/611849195/please-help-me-american-caught-in-venezuelan-prison-riot-pleads-on-video">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Please Help Me!' American Caught In Venezuelan Prison Riot Pleads On Video"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a></i>. 17 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-08</span></span>. <q>... Venezuelan political police headquarters, SEBIN, ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=%27Please+Help+Me%21%27+American+Caught+In+Venezuelan+Prison+Riot+Pleads+On+Video&rft.date=2018-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fthetwo-way%2F2018%2F05%2F17%2F611849195%2Fplease-help-me-american-caught-in-venezuelan-prison-riot-pleads-on-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMárquez2014" class="citation web cs1">Márquez, Humberto (7 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipsnews.net/2014/03/guns-darken-political-unrest-venezuela/">"Gun Violence Darkens Political Unrest in Venezuela"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Inter_Press_Service" title="Inter Press Service">Inter Press Service</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-08</span></span>. <q>Agents of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN, the political police) were present ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inter+Press+Service&rft.atitle=Gun+Violence+Darkens+Political+Unrest+in+Venezuela&rft.date=2014-03-07&rft.aulast=M%C3%A1rquez&rft.aufirst=Humberto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipsnews.net%2F2014%2F03%2Fguns-darken-political-unrest-venezuela%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://larepublica.pe/mundo/1073344-el-sebin-la-policia-secreta-que-solo-responde-a-nicolas-maduro">"El Sebin, la policía secreta que solo responde a Nicolás Maduro"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/La_Rep%C3%BAblica_(Peru)" class="mw-redirect" title="La República (Peru)">La República</a></i> (in Spanish). 2017-08-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-08</span></span>. <q>El Sebin, la policía secreta que solo responde a Nicolás Maduro (The Sebin, the secret police that only responds to Nicolás Maduro)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=El+Sebin%2C+la+polic%C3%ADa+secreta+que+solo+responde+a+Nicol%C3%A1s+Maduro&rft.date=2017-08-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flarepublica.pe%2Fmundo%2F1073344-el-sebin-la-policia-secreta-que-solo-responde-a-nicolas-maduro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/internacionales/el-accionar-de-la-temible-policia-secreta-chavista-1615573.html">"El accionar de la temible policía secreta chavista - Edicion Impresa"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ABC_Color" title="ABC Color">ABC Color</a></i> (in European Spanish). 23 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-08</span></span>. <q>El Sebin, policía secreta del régimen chavista (The Sebin, the secret police of the chavista regime)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+Color&rft.atitle=El+accionar+de+la+temible+polic%C3%ADa+secreta+chavista+-+Edicion+Impresa&rft.date=2017-07-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.com.py%2Fedicion-impresa%2Finternacionales%2Fel-accionar-de-la-temible-policia-secreta-chavista-1615573.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOAS2009" class="citation web cs1">OAS (2009-08-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-001/19">"OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development"</a>. <i>www.oas.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.oas.org&rft.atitle=OAS+-+Organization+of+American+States%3A+Democracy+for+peace%2C+security%2C+and+development&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.au=OAS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oas.org%2Fen%2Fmedia_center%2Fpress_release.asp%3FsCodigo%3DE-001%2F19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/06/oas-venezuela-region-top-priority-190626221605933.html">"OAS says Venezuela is the region's top priority"</a>. <i>www.aljazeera.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&rft.atitle=OAS+says+Venezuela+is+the+region%27s+top+priority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2F06%2Foas-venezuela-region-top-priority-190626221605933.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/posada/19761013.pdf">"CIA declassified document 926816, October 13, 1976"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CIA+declassified+document+926816%2C+October+13%2C+1976&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latinamericanstudies.org%2Fposada%2F19761013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/wr2k1/americas/venezuela.html">"Human Rights Watch World Report 2001: Venezuela: Human Rights Developments"</a>. <i>www.hrw.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hrw.org&rft.atitle=Human+Rights+Watch+World+Report+2001%3A+Venezuela%3A+Human+Rights+Developments&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fwr2k1%2Famericas%2Fvenezuela.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/worldreport99/americas/venezuela.html">"HRW World Report 1999: Venezuela: Human Rights Developments"</a>. <i>www.hrw.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hrw.org&rft.atitle=HRW+World+Report+1999%3A+Venezuela%3A+Human+Rights+Developments&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fworldreport99%2Famericas%2Fvenezuela.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040430024035/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/04/12/venezu8423.htm">"Letter to President Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (Human Rights Watch, 12-4-2004)"</a>. <i>hrw.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/04/12/venezu8423.htm">the original</a> on 2004-04-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hrw.org&rft.atitle=Letter+to+President+Hugo+Rafael+Ch%C3%A1vez+Fr%C3%ADas+%28Human+Rights+Watch%2C+12-4-2004%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrw.org%2Fenglish%2Fdocs%2F2004%2F04%2F12%2Fvenezu8423.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/Venez93O.pdf">"Human Rights in Venezuela"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a></i>. October 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=Human+Rights+in+Venezuela&rft.date=1993-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Freports%2FVenez93O.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/ar97/AMR53.htm">1997 AI Report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050601023832/http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/ar97/AMR53.htm">Archived</a> June 1, 2005, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/ar98/amr53.htm">1998 AI Report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050601014203/http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/ar98/amr53.htm">Archived</a> June 1, 2005, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ENmay2014-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ENmay2014_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENmay2014_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENmay2014_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZerpa2014" class="citation news cs1">Zerpa, Fabiola (18 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160320144158/http://www.el-nacional.com/siete_dias/ARELLANO-DARIO-FUNCIONARIOS-GLIDIS-SEBIN_0_409759164.html">"Abran la puerta, es el Sebin"</a>. <a href="/wiki/El_Nacional_(Caracas)" class="mw-redirect" title="El Nacional (Caracas)">El Nacional</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.el-nacional.com/siete_dias/ARELLANO-DARIO-FUNCIONARIOS-GLIDIS-SEBIN_0_409759164.html">the original</a> on 20 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Abran+la+puerta%2C+es+el+Sebin&rft.date=2014-05-18&rft.aulast=Zerpa&rft.aufirst=Fabiola&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.el-nacional.com%2Fsiete_dias%2FARELLANO-DARIO-FUNCIONARIOS-GLIDIS-SEBIN_0_409759164.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNIVISION1-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNIVISION1_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNIVISION1_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNIVISION1_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://huelladigital.univisionnoticias.com/venezuela-los-rostros-de-la-represion/category/la-tumba/">"Un calabozo macabro"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univision</a>. 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Un+calabozo+macabro&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhuelladigital.univisionnoticias.com%2Fvenezuela-los-rostros-de-la-represion%2Fcategory%2Fla-tumba%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABC-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABC_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABC_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABC_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABC_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVinogradoff2015" class="citation news cs1">Vinogradoff, Ludmila (10 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.es/internacional/20150210/abci-tumba-celdas-tortura-venezuela-201502091144.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"La tumba", siete celdas de tortura en el corazón de Caracas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_(newspaper)" title="ABC (newspaper)">ABC</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22La+tumba%22%2C+siete+celdas+de+tortura+en+el+coraz%C3%B3n+de+Caracas&rft.date=2015-02-10&rft.aulast=Vinogradoff&rft.aufirst=Ludmila&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.es%2Finternacional%2F20150210%2Fabci-tumba-celdas-tortura-venezuela-201502091144.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ENsebin-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ENsebin_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENsebin_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140520050521/http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Abogados-denuncian-Sebin-seguimientos-amedrentarlos_0_411558984.html">"Abogados denuncian que el Sebin realiza seguimientos para amedrentarlos"</a>. <i>El Nacional</i>. 19 May 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Abogados-denuncian-Sebin-seguimientos-amedrentarlos_0_411558984.html">the original</a> on 20 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Nacional&rft.atitle=Abogados+denuncian+que+el+Sebin+realiza+seguimientos+para+amedrentarlos&rft.date=2014-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.el-nacional.com%2Fpolitica%2FAbogados-denuncian-Sebin-seguimientos-amedrentarlos_0_411558984.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ap.org/ap-in-the-news/2017/associated-press-announces-2017-staff-awards">"Associated Press announces 2017 staff awards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 23 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Associated+Press+announces+2017+staff+awards&rft.date=2017-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ap.org%2Fap-in-the-news%2F2017%2Fassociated-press-announces-2017-staff-awards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDdepart-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HDdepart_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170802074234/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/departing-ap-reporter-looks-back-at-venezuelas/2017/08/02/4f3c86be-7738-11e7-8c17-533c52b2f014_story.html">"Departing AP reporter looks back at Venezuela's slide"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. 2 August 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/departing-ap-reporter-looks-back-at-venezuelas/2017/08/02/4f3c86be-7738-11e7-8c17-533c52b2f014_story.html">the original</a> on 2 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Departing+AP+reporter+looks+back+at+Venezuela%27s+slide&rft.date=2017-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fthe_americas%2Fdeparting-ap-reporter-looks-back-at-venezuelas%2F2017%2F08%2F02%2F4f3c86be-7738-11e7-8c17-533c52b2f014_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lapatilla.com/site/2014/11/02/el-nuevo-herald-gobierno-gasta-millones-en-espionaje-electronico-de-sus-ciudadanos/">"El Nuevo Herald: Gobierno gasta millones en espionaje electrónico de sus ciudadanos"</a>. La Patilla. 2 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=El+Nuevo+Herald%3A+Gobierno+gasta+millones+en+espionaje+electr%C3%B3nico+de+sus+ciudadanos&rft.date=2014-11-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lapatilla.com%2Fsite%2F2014%2F11%2F02%2Fel-nuevo-herald-gobierno-gasta-millones-en-espionaje-electronico-de-sus-ciudadanos%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TWEETinfo-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TWEETinfo_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TWEETinfo_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150219075651/http://www.infobae.com/2014/11/01/1605875-venezuela-ya-son-siete-los-tuiteros-detenidos-opiniones-inadecuadas">"Venezuela: ya son siete los tuiteros detenidos por "opiniones inadecuadas"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Infobae" title="Infobae">Infobae</a>. 1 November 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infobae.com/2014/11/01/1605875-venezuela-ya-son-siete-los-tuiteros-detenidos-opiniones-inadecuadas">the original</a> on 19 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Venezuela%3A+ya+son+siete+los+tuiteros+detenidos+por+%22opiniones+inadecuadas%22&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infobae.com%2F2014%2F11%2F01%2F1605875-venezuela-ya-son-siete-los-tuiteros-detenidos-opiniones-inadecuadas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TWITarrests8-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TWITarrests8_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TWITarrests8_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mediashift.org/2015/07/netizen-report-leaked-documents-reveal-egregious-abuse-of-power-by-venezuela-in-twitter-arrests/">"Netizen Report: Leaked Documents Reveal Egregious Abuse of Power by Venezuela in Twitter Arrests"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Global_Voices_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Voices Online">Global Voices Online</a>. 17 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Netizen+Report%3A+Leaked+Documents+Reveal+Egregious+Abuse+of+Power+by+Venezuela+in+Twitter+Arrests&rft.date=2015-07-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmediashift.org%2F2015%2F07%2Fnetizen-report-leaked-documents-reveal-egregious-abuse-of-power-by-venezuela-in-twitter-arrests%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFilar2013" class="citation news cs1">Filar, Ray (5 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/news/world-news/102193/venezuela-spying-jewish-community">"Venezuela 'spying' on Jewish community"</a>. The JC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Venezuela+%27spying%27+on+Jewish+community&rft.date=2013-02-05&rft.aulast=Filar&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-news%2F102193%2Fvenezuela-spying-jewish-community&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/venezuela-spying-on-its-jews-documents-reveal/">"Venezuela spying on its Jews, documents reveal"</a>. The Times of Israel. 31 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Venezuela+spying+on+its+Jews%2C+documents+reveal&rft.date=2014-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fvenezuela-spying-on-its-jews-documents-reveal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AImarch2004-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AImarch2004_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040322012454/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR530032004?open&of=ENG-VEN">"VENEZUELA Protestors in civil disturbances"</a>. <i>Amnesty International</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR530032004?open&of=ENG-VEN">the original</a> on March 22, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amnesty+International&rft.atitle=VENEZUELA+Protestors+in+civil+disturbances&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.amnesty.org%2Flibrary%2FIndex%2FENGAMR530032004%3Fopen%26of%3DENG-VEN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeuman2014" class="citation news cs1">Neuman, William (26 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/27/world/americas/venezuela-accuses-intelligence-officers-of-murdering-2.html?_r=0">"Venezuela Accuses Intelligence Officers of Murdering 2"</a>. The New York Times<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Venezuela+Accuses+Intelligence+Officers+of+Murdering+2&rft.date=2014-02-26&rft.aulast=Neuman&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F02%2F27%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fvenezuela-accuses-intelligence-officers-of-murdering-2.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SEBINshooting-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SEBINshooting_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/140219/foreign-journal-provides-identity-of-shooters">"Foreign journal provides identity of shooters"</a>. <i>El Universal</i>. 19 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Universal&rft.atitle=Foreign+journal+provides+identity+of+shooters&rft.date=2014-02-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com%2Fnacional-y-politica%2F140219%2Fforeign-journal-provides-identity-of-shooters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGupta2014" class="citation news cs1">Gupta, Girish (17 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/02/17/venezuela-expells-americans/5545453/">"Venezuelan security forces raid major opposition base"</a>. <i>USA Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Venezuelan+security+forces+raid+major+opposition+base&rft.date=2014-02-17&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Girish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2014%2F02%2F17%2Fvenezuela-expells-americans%2F5545453%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TIME-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TIME_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRhodan2015" class="citation news cs1">Rhodan, Maya (9 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/3737536/barack-obama-venezuela-sanctions/">"White House Sanctions Seven Officials in Venezuela"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=White+House+Sanctions+Seven+Officials+in+Venezuela&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft.aulast=Rhodan&rft.aufirst=Maya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F3737536%2Fbarack-obama-venezuela-sanctions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FUSION1-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FUSION1_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FUSION1_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150729034955/http://interactive.fusion.net/venezuela-torture-prisons/">"UNEARTHING THE TOMB: INSIDE VENEZUELA'S SECRET UNDERGROUND TORTURE CHAMBER"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fusion_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fusion (TV channel)">Fusion</a>. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://interactive.fusion.net/venezuela-torture-prisons/">the original</a> on July 29, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=UNEARTHING+THE+TOMB%3A+INSIDE+VENEZUELA%27S+SECRET+UNDERGROUND+TORTURE+CHAMBER&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finteractive.fusion.net%2Fvenezuela-torture-prisons%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NEWSau-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NEWSau_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEWSau_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151021131605/http://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/political-protesters-are-left-to-rot-in-venezuelas-secretive-underground-prison/story-fnu2pycd-1227457672139">"Political protesters are left to rot in Venezuela's secretive underground prison"</a>. <a href="/wiki/News.com.au" title="News.com.au">News.com.au</a>. 25 July 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/political-protesters-are-left-to-rot-in-venezuelas-secretive-underground-prison/story-fnu2pycd-1227457672139">the original</a> on 21 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Political+protesters+are+left+to+rot+in+Venezuela%27s+secretive+underground+prison&rft.date=2015-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Ffinance%2Feconomy%2Fpolitical-protesters-are-left-to-rot-in-venezuelas-secretive-underground-prison%2Fstory-fnu2pycd-1227457672139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USsenate-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USsenate_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USsenate_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150729035041/http://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/031715_Canton_Testimony.pdf">"Statement of Santiago A. Canton Executive Director, RFK Partners for Human Rights Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/031715_Canton_Testimony.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 29, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Senate&rft.atitle=Statement+of+Santiago+A.+Canton+Executive+Director%2C+RFK+Partners+for+Human+Rights+Robert+F.+Kennedy+Human+Rights&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreign.senate.gov%2Fimo%2Fmedia%2Fdoc%2F031715_Canton_Testimony.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarra2020" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Marra, Yohana (1 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cronica.uno/tortura-a-presos-politicos-incluye-tratos-crueles-y-encierro-de-sus-mascotas/">"Tortura a presos políticos incluye tratos crueles y encierro de sus mascotas"</a>. <i>Crónica Uno</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cr%C3%B3nica+Uno&rft.atitle=Tortura+a+presos+pol%C3%ADticos+incluye+tratos+crueles+y+encierro+de+sus+mascotas&rft.date=2020-02-01&rft.aulast=Marra&rft.aufirst=Yohana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcronica.uno%2Ftortura-a-presos-politicos-incluye-tratos-crueles-y-encierro-de-sus-mascotas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cronica.uno/thor-la-mascota-de-un-preso-politico-que-encerraron-por-22-meses-en-el-sebin/">"Thor, la mascota de un preso político que encerraron por 22 meses en el Sebin"</a>. <i>Crónica Uno</i> (in Spanish). 2020-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cr%C3%B3nica+Uno&rft.atitle=Thor%2C+la+mascota+de+un+preso+pol%C3%ADtico+que+encerraron+por+22+meses+en+el+Sebin&rft.date=2020-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcronica.uno%2Fthor-la-mascota-de-un-preso-politico-que-encerraron-por-22-meses-en-el-sebin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndependent_International_Fact-Finding_Mission_on_Venezuela2022" class="citation book cs1">Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Venezuela (12 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/ffmv/2022-09-20/FFMV-CRP-3-Spanish.docx"><i>Crímenes de lesa humanidad cometidos a través de los servicios de inteligencia del Estado: estructuras y personas involucradas en la implementación de un plan para reprimir la oposición al gobierno</i></a> [<i>Crimes against humanity committed through the State intelligence services: structures and individuals involved in the implementation of a plan to repress opposition to the government</i>]. p. 103.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cr%C3%ADmenes+de+lesa+humanidad+cometidos+a+trav%C3%A9s+de+los+servicios+de+inteligencia+del+Estado%3A+estructuras+y+personas+involucradas+en+la+implementaci%C3%B3n+de+un+plan+para+reprimir+la+oposici%C3%B3n+al+gobierno&rft.pages=103&rft.date=2022-09-12&rft.au=Independent+International+Fact-Finding+Mission+on+Venezuela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohchr.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fhrbodies%2Fhrcouncil%2Fffmv%2F2022-09-20%2FFFMV-CRP-3-Spanish.docx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ENHnov2014-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENHnov2014_36-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaria_Delgado2014" class="citation news cs1">Maria Delgado, Antonio (16 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elnuevoherald.com/noticias/mundo/america-latina/venezuela-es/article3973033.html">"El régimen de Maduro mantiene una red de espías en Estados Unidos"</a>. El Nuevo Herald<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=El+r%C3%A9gimen+de+Maduro+mantiene+una+red+de+esp%C3%ADas+en+Estados+Unidos&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.aulast=Maria+Delgado&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elnuevoherald.com%2Fnoticias%2Fmundo%2Famerica-latina%2Fvenezuela-es%2Farticle3973033.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNIjan2012-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNIjan2012_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNIjan2012_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noticias.univision.com/article/829724/2012-01-08/documentales/la-amenaza-irani/eu-expulsa-consul-venezuela-miami-livia-acosta-noguera">"Expulsan a Cónsul de Venezuela en Miami mencionada en documental de Univision"</a>. Univision. 8 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Expulsan+a+C%C3%B3nsul+de+Venezuela+en+Miami+mencionada+en+documental+de+Univision&rft.date=2012-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnoticias.univision.com%2Farticle%2F829724%2F2012-01-08%2Fdocumentales%2Fla-amenaza-irani%2Feu-expulsa-consul-venezuela-miami-livia-acosta-noguera&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCjan2012-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBCjan2012_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCjan2012_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-16461697">"US expels Venezuela's Miami consul Livia Acosta Noguera"</a>. BBC. 9 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=US+expels+Venezuela%27s+Miami+consul+Livia+Acosta+Noguera&rft.date=2012-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-16461697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNNjan2012-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CNNjan2012_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2012/01/08/us/venezuela-consul/">"U.S. expels Venezuelan diplomat in Miami"</a>. CNN. 9 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U.S.+expels+Venezuelan+diplomat+in+Miami&rft.date=2012-01-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2012%2F01%2F08%2Fus%2Fvenezuela-consul%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDerby2014" class="citation news cs1">Derby, Kevin (18 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150204110426/http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/blog/nicolas-maduros-regime-spied-marco-rubio-and-ileana-ros-lehtinen">"Nicolas Maduro's Regime Spies on Marco Rubio and Ileana Ros-Lehtinen"</a>. Sunshine State News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/blog/nicolas-maduros-regime-spied-marco-rubio-and-ileana-ros-lehtinen">the original</a> on 4 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nicolas+Maduro%27s+Regime+Spies+on+Marco+Rubio+and+Ileana+Ros-Lehtinen&rft.date=2014-11-18&rft.aulast=Derby&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sunshinestatenews.com%2Fblog%2Fnicolas-maduros-regime-spied-marco-rubio-and-ileana-ros-lehtinen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lapatilla.com/2019/02/15/eeuu-sanciona-a-cinco-funcionarios-venezolanos-cercanos-a-maduro/">"Manuel Quevedo entre los cinco funcionarios de Maduro sancionados por EEUU"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/La_Patilla" title="La Patilla">La Patilla</a></i> (in European Spanish). 2019-02-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Patilla&rft.atitle=Manuel+Quevedo+entre+los+cinco+funcionarios+de+Maduro+sancionados+por+EEUU&rft.date=2019-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lapatilla.com%2F2019%2F02%2F15%2Feeuu-sanciona-a-cinco-funcionarios-venezolanos-cercanos-a-maduro%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamptom,_Roberta2019" class="citation news cs1">Ramptom, Roberta (7 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-politics-usa-pence/u-s-lifts-sanctions-on-venezuelan-general-who-broke-with-maduro-pence-idUSKCN1SD2FF">"U.S. lifts sanctions on Venezuelan general who broke with Maduro"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=U.S.+lifts+sanctions+on+Venezuelan+general+who+broke+with+Maduro&rft.date=2019-05-07&rft.au=Ramptom%2C+Roberta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-venezuela-politics-usa-pence%2Fu-s-lifts-sanctions-on-venezuelan-general-who-broke-with-maduro-pence-idUSKCN1SD2FF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elmostrador.cl/noticias/pais/2024/02/28/exoficial-venezolano-que-pidio-proteccion-en-chile-asegura-que-secuestro-de-ojeda-fue-un-mensaje/">"Exoficial venezolano que pidió protección en Chile asegura que secuestro de Ojeda fue un "mensaje"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>El Mostrador</i> (in Spanish). 2024-02-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Mostrador&rft.atitle=Exoficial+venezolano+que+pidi%C3%B3+protecci%C3%B3n+en+Chile+asegura+que+secuestro+de+Ojeda+fue+un+%E2%80%9Cmensaje%E2%80%9D&rft.date=2024-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elmostrador.cl%2Fnoticias%2Fpais%2F2024%2F02%2F28%2Fexoficial-venezolano-que-pidio-proteccion-en-chile-asegura-que-secuestro-de-ojeda-fue-un-mensaje%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-46864864">"El Helicoide: From an icon to an infamous Venezuelan jail"</a>. 2019-01-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=El+Helicoide%3A+From+an+icon+to+an+infamous+Venezuelan+jail&rft.date=2019-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-46864864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/venezuela-opposition-lawmaker-dies-in-prison/a-45806913">"Venezuela opposition lawmaker dies in prison – DW – 10/09/2018"</a>. <i>dw.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dw.com&rft.atitle=Venezuela+opposition+lawmaker+dies+in+prison+%E2%80%93+DW+%E2%80%93+10%2F09%2F2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fvenezuela-opposition-lawmaker-dies-in-prison%2Fa-45806913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caracaschronicles.com/2015/06/05/sotano-5-art-imitates-la-tumba/">"Sotano 5: Art Imitates La Tumba"</a>. <i>Caracas Chronicles</i>. 2015-06-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Caracas+Chronicles&rft.atitle=Sotano+5%3A+Art+Imitates+La+Tumba&rft.date=2015-06-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.caracaschronicles.com%2F2015%2F06%2F05%2Fsotano-5-art-imitates-la-tumba%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABolivarian+National+Intelligence+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bolivarian_Intelligence_Service" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bolivarian Intelligence Service">Bolivarian Intelligence Service</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_intelligence_agencies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template talk:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_intelligence_agencies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">intelligence agencies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign<br />intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Afghanistan: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Intelligence" title="General Directorate of Intelligence">GDI</a></li> <li>Albania: <a href="/wiki/SHISH" title="SHISH">SHISH</a></li> <li>Algeria: <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Renseignement_et_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Département du Renseignement et de la Sécurité">DRS</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Externa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência Externa (page does not exist)">SIE</a></li> <li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Intelligence" title="Secretariat of Intelligence">SIDE</a></li> <li>Armenia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">NSS</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Secret_Intelligence_Service" title="Australian Secret Intelligence Service">ASIS</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Azerbaijan)">XKX</a></li> <li>Bahrain: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Bahrain)" title="National Security Agency (Bahrain)">NSA</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Intelligence" title="National Security Intelligence">NSI</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a></li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence-Security_Agency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Intelligence-Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">OSA-OBA</a></li> <li>Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Intelligence and Security">DIS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Intelligence_Agency" title="Brazilian Intelligence Agency">ABIN</a></li> <li>Brunei: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brunei_Research_Department_(International)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brunei Research Department (International) (page does not exist)">BRD</a></li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Agency_(Bulgaria)" title="State Intelligence Agency (Bulgaria)">DAR</a></li> <li>Cameroon: <a href="/wiki/Brigade_Mixte_Mobile" title="Brigade Mixte Mobile">BMM</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></li> <li>Chad: <a href="/wiki/Agence_nationale_de_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" title="Agence nationale de sécurité">ANS</a></li> <li>Chile: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Nacional_de_Inteligencia" title="Agencia Nacional de Inteligencia">ANI</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">MSS</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a></li> <li>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_de_Inteligencia" title="Dirección de Inteligencia">DI</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Foreign_Relations_and_Information" title="Office for Foreign Relations and Information">ÚZSI</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a></li> <li>Djibouti: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigade_Sp%C3%A9ciale_de_Recherche_de_la_Gendarmerie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigade Spéciale de Recherche de la Gendarmerie (page does not exist)">BSRG</a></li> <li>Ecuador: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Secretariat_(Ecuador)" title="National Intelligence Secretariat (Ecuador)">SENAIN</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Directorate_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Intelligence Directorate (Egypt)">Mukhabarat</a></li> <li>Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Foreign_Intelligence_Service" title="Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service">EFIS</a></li> <li>Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="National Intelligence and Security Service">NISS</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a></li> <li>Gambia: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Services_(The_Gambia)" title="State Intelligence Services (The Gambia)">SIS</a></li> <li>Georgia: <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Intelligence_Service" title="Georgian Intelligence Service">GIS</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service" title="Federal Intelligence Service">BND</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_National_Investigations" title="Bureau of National Investigations">BNI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_Unit" title="Border Guard Unit">BGU</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Department_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Department Unit (page does not exist)">RDU</a></li> <li>Greece: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_Hivatal" title="Információs Hivatal">IH</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Wing" title="Research and Analysis Wing">RAW</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_State_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian State Intelligence Agency">BIN</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Intelligence_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)">VAJA</a></li> <li>Iraq: <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_National_Intelligence_Service" title="Iraqi National Intelligence Service">INIS</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Ireland)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)">G2</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Esterna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna">AISE</a></li> <li>Ivory Coast: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Security_Council_(Ivory_Coast)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Security Council (Ivory Coast) (page does not exist)">NSC</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Intelligence_and_Research_Office" title="Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office">CIRO</a></li> <li>Jordan: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Directorate_(Jordan)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Intelligence Directorate (Jordan)">GID</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Kazakhstan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Kazakhstan)">Syrbar</a></li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Kenya)" title="National Intelligence Service (Kenya)">NIS</a></li> <li>Kyrgyzstan: <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_National_Security_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyrgyz National Security Service">UKMK</a></li> <li>Kuwait: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuwait_State_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuwait State Security (page does not exist)">KSS</a></li> <li>Latvia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satversmes_aizsardz%C4%ABbas_birojs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satversmes aizsardzības birojs (page does not exist)">SAB</a></li> <li>Liberia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Liberia)" title="National Security Agency (Liberia)">NSA</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Department_of_Lithuania" title="State Security Department of Lithuania">VSD</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_General_Security" title="General Directorate of General Security">GDGS</a></li> <li>Libya: <a href="/wiki/Mukhabarat_el-Jamahiriya" title="Mukhabarat el-Jamahiriya">MJ</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Research_Division_of_the_Prime_Minister%27s_Department" title="Research Division of the Prime Minister's Department">MEIO</a></li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_y_Seguridad_Nacional_(M%C3%A9xico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro de Investigación y Seguridad Nacional (México)">CISEN</a></li> <li>Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a></li> <li>Mongolia: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Agency_of_Mongolia" title="General Intelligence Agency of Mongolia">GIA</a></li> <li>Montenegro: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Montenegro)" title="National Security Agency (Montenegro)">ANB</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Direction_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_la_surveillance_du_territoire" class="mw-redirect" title="Direction générale de la surveillance du territoire">DGST</a></li> <li>Mozambique: <a href="/w/index.php?title=State_Security_and_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State Security and Intelligence Service (page does not exist)">SISE</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="General Intelligence and Security Service">AIVD</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Nigeria)" title="National Intelligence Agency (Nigeria)">NIA</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Administration_for_Security_and_Counterintelligence" title="Administration for Security and Counterintelligence">UBK</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a></li> <li>Oman: <a href="/wiki/Palace_Office_(Oman)" title="Palace Office (Oman)">Palace Office</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">ISI</a></li> <li>Papua New Guinea: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="National Intelligence Organization (Papua New Guinea)">NIO</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NICA</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Estrat%C3%A9gicas_de_Defesa" title="Serviço de Informações Estratégicas de Defesa">SIED</a></li> <li>Qatar: <a href="/wiki/Qatar_State_Security" title="Qatar State Security">QSS</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Romania)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Romania)">SIE</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Russia)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)">SVR</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Presidency" title="General Intelligence Presidency">GIP</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a></li> <li>Sierra Leone: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_and_Security_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence and Security Unit (page does not exist)">CISU</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Division" title="Security and Intelligence Division">SID</a></li> <li>Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%A1_informa%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_slu%C5%BEba" title="Slovenská informačná služba">SIS</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency">SOVA</a></li> <li>Somalia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="National Intelligence and Security Agency">NISA</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Agency_(South_Africa)" title="State Security Agency (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>South Korea: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(South_Korea)" title="National Intelligence Service (South Korea)">NIS</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Centre_(Spain)" title="National Intelligence Centre (Spain)">CNI</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Service_(Sri_Lanka)" title="State Intelligence Service (Sri Lanka)">SIS</a></li> <li>Sudan: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Service_(Sudan)" title="General Intelligence Service (Sudan)">GIS</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Kontoret_f%C3%B6r_s%C3%A4rskild_inh%C3%A4mtning" title="Kontoret för särskild inhämtning">KSI</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/General_Security_Directorate_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Security Directorate (Syria)">GSD</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Bureau_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Bureau (Republic of China)">NSB</a></li> <li>Tajikistan: <a href="/wiki/State_Committee_for_National_Security_(Tajikistan)" title="State Committee for National Security (Tajikistan)">GKNB</a></li> <li>Tanzania: <a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service">TISS</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Thailand)" title="National Intelligence Agency (Thailand)">NIA</a></li> <li>Togo: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Intelligence_Agency_(Togo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Intelligence Agency (Togo) (page does not exist)">NIA</a></li> <li>Tunisia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunisian_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunisian Intelligence Agency (page does not exist)">TIA</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a></li> <li>Turkmenistan: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_National_Security_(Turkmenistan)" title="Ministry for National Security (Turkmenistan)">MNS</a></li> <li>Uganda: <a href="/wiki/External_Security_Organisation" title="External Security Organisation">ESO</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine">SZRU</a></li> <li>United Arab Emirates: <a href="/wiki/Signals_Intelligence_Agency" title="Signals Intelligence Agency">SIA</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/MI6" title="MI6">SIS (<i>MI6</i>)</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</a></li> <li>Uzbekistan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Uzbekistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Service (Uzbekistan)">SSS</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/wiki/General_Department_of_Military_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="General Department of Military Intelligence">TC2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domestic<br />intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Algeria: <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Renseignement_et_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Département du Renseignement et de la Sécurité">CSS</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_e_Seguran%C3%A7a_de_Estado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência e Segurança de Estado (page does not exist)">SINSE</a></li> <li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Intelligence" title="Secretariat of Intelligence">SIDE</a></li> <li>Armenia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">NSS</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Security_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Security Intelligence Organisation">ASIO</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="State Security Service (Azerbaijan)">DTX</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(Bangladesh)" title="Special Branch (Bangladesh)">SB</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Belgium)" title="State Security Service (Belgium)">VS/SE</a></li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/State_Investigation_and_Protection_Agency" title="State Investigation and Protection Agency">SIPA</a></li> <li>Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Intelligence and Security">DIS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Police_of_Brazil" title="Federal Police of Brazil">PF</a></li> <li>Brunei: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Department_(Brunei)" title="Internal Security Department (Brunei)">IRD</a></li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/State_Agency_for_National_Security" title="State Agency for National Security">DANS</a></li> <li>Burundi: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Burundi)" title="National Intelligence Service (Burundi)">SNR</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></li> <li>Chile: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Nacional_de_Inteligencia" title="Agencia Nacional de Inteligencia">ANI</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">MSS</a></li> <li>Colombia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Directorate_(Colombia)" title="National Intelligence Directorate (Colombia)">DNI</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Security_Information_Service" title="Security Information Service">BIS</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Security_and_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Security and Intelligence Service">PET</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Homeland_Security_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Security (Egypt)">EHS</a></li> <li>Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Internal_Security_Service" title="Estonian Internal Security Service">KAPO</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Security_and_Intelligence_Service" title="Finnish Security and Intelligence Service">SUPO</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_for_Internal_Security" title="General Directorate for Internal Security">DGSI</a></li> <li>Georgia: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_of_Georgia" title="State Security Service of Georgia">SSSG</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution">BfV</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="State Office for the Protection of the Constitution">LfV</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/wiki/Ghana_Police_Service" title="Ghana Police Service">GPS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Criminal_Investigative_Department&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Criminal Investigative Department (page does not exist)">CID</a></li> <li>Greece: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a></li> <li>Hong Kong: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Department" title="National Security Department">NSD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Safeguarding_National_Security_of_the_CPG_in_the_HKSAR" class="mw-redirect" title="Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR">CPGNSO</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Protection_Office" title="Constitution Protection Office">AH</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(India)" title="Intelligence Bureau (India)">IB</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Police#Central_Executive_Agencies" title="Indonesian National Police">Baintelkam Polri</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Intelijen_dan_Keamanan_Kepolisian_Negara_Republik_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Intelijen dan Keamanan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia">id</a>), <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_State_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian State Intelligence Agency">BIN</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Intelligence_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)">VAJA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Organization_of_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Organization of Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution">IRGC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Security_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Security Police">PAVA</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Garda_Crime_and_Security_Branch" title="Garda Crime and Security Branch">CSB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Detective_Unit" title="Special Detective Unit">SDU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Surveillance_Unit" title="Garda National Surveillance Unit">NSU</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Shin_Bet" title="Shin Bet">Shin Bet</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Interna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna">AISI</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_Security_Bureau" title="National Police Agency Security Bureau">NPA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Metropolitan_Police_Department_Public_Security_Bureau" title="Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department Public Security Bureau">TMPD PSB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Public Security Intelligence Agency">PSIA</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Kenya)" title="National Intelligence Service (Kenya)">NIS</a></li> <li>Kosovo: <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Intelligence_Agency" title="Kosovo Intelligence Agency">AKI</a></li> <li>Latvia: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Latvia)" title="State Security Service (Latvia)">VDD</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Special_Investigation_Service" title="Special Investigation Service">STT</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/Information_Branch" title="Information Branch">ISF IB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_State_Security" title="Lebanese State Security">LSS</a></li> <li>Luxembourg: <a href="/wiki/Service_de_Renseignement_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Service de Renseignement de l'État">SREL</a></li> <li>Macau: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pol%C3%ADcia_Judici%C3%A1ria_(Macau)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polícia Judiciária (Macau) (page does not exist)">DS</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Special_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Special Branch">SB</a></li> <li>Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/National_Coordinator_for_Security_and_Counterterrorism" title="National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism">NCTV</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Nigeria)" title="State Security Service (Nigeria)">SSS</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(North_Korea)" title="Ministry of State Security (North Korea)">SSD</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Agency_of_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Agency of Republic of Macedonia">IA</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Police_Security_Service" title="Norwegian Police Security Service">PST</a></li> <li>Oman: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Service" title="Internal Security Service">ISS</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(Pakistan)" title="Intelligence Bureau (Pakistan)">IB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Investigation_Agency" title="Federal Investigation Agency">FIA</a></li> <li>Palestine: <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Preventive_Security" title="Palestinian Preventive Security">PSS</a></li> <li>Paraguay: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Secretar%C3%ADa_Nacional_de_Inteligencia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretaría Nacional de Inteligencia (page does not exist)">SNI</a></li> <li>Peru: <a href="/wiki/National_Directorate_of_Intelligence_(Peru)" title="National Directorate of Intelligence (Peru)">DINI</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">NBI</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NICA</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Ochrony_Pa%C5%84stwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Ochrony Państwa">SOP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stra%C5%BC_Marsza%C5%82kowska" class="mw-redirect" title="Straż Marszałkowska">SM</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Seguran%C3%A7a" title="Serviço de Informações de Segurança">SIS</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Intelligence_Service" title="Romanian Intelligence Service">SRI</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">FSB</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/Mabahith" title="Mabahith">Mabahith</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Department_(Singapore)" title="Internal Security Department (Singapore)">ISD</a></li> <li>Somalia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="National Intelligence and Security Agency">NISA</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_Security_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of State Security (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>South Korea: Intelligence Bureau, <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="National Police Agency (South Korea)">KNPA</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Center_for_Counter-Terrorism_and_Organized_Crime" title="Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime">CITCO</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Service_(Sri_Lanka)" title="State Intelligence Service (Sri Lanka)">SIS</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Security_Service" title="Swedish Security Service">SÄPO</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/General_Security_Directorate_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Security Directorate (Syria)">GSD</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice_Investigation_Bureau" title="Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau">MJIB</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Operations_Command" title="Internal Security Operations Command">ISOC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_Bureau" title="Special Branch Bureau">SB</a></li> <li>Togo: <a href="/wiki/Agence_nationale_des_renseignements_(Togo)" title="Agence nationale des renseignements (Togo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Presidency_of_General_Directorate_of_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Presidency of General Directorate of Security (page does not exist)">İB</a></li> <li>Uganda: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Organisation" title="Internal Security Organisation">ISO</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">SBU</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">Security Service (<i>MI5</i>)</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Domestic_Extremism_and_Disorder_Intelligence_Unit" title="National Domestic Extremism and Disorder Intelligence Unit">NDEDIU</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Ballistics_Intelligence_Service" title="National Ballistics Intelligence Service">NBIS</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/DHS_Office_of_Intelligence_and_Analysis" title="DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis">I&A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a></li> <li>Uzbekistan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Uzbekistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Service (Uzbekistan)">SNB</a></li> <li>Venezuela: <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Intelligence Service">SEBIN</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Department_of_Public_Security_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Department of Public Security Intelligence (page does not exist)">TC5</a> (<a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_c%E1%BB%A5c_T%C3%ACnh_b%C3%A1o,_B%E1%BB%99_C%C3%B4ng_an_(Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam)" class="extiw" title="vi:Tổng cục Tình báo, Bộ Công an (Việt Nam)">vi</a>)</li> <li>Zimbabwe: <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Central Intelligence Organisation">CIO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Algeria: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_centrale_de_la_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9_de_l%27arm%C3%A9e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction centrale de la sécurité de l'armée (page does not exist)">DCSA</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Militar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência Militar (page does not exist)">SIM</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Defence Intelligence Organisation">DIO</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/Heeresnachrichtenamt" class="mw-redirect" title="Heeresnachrichtenamt">HNaA</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Forces_Intelligence" title="Directorate General of Forces Intelligence">DGFI</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Belarus (page does not exist)">GRU MO RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Departamento_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Estrat%C3%A9gica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Departamento de Inteligência Estratégica (page does not exist)">DIE</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Intelligence_Command" title="Canadian Forces Intelligence Command">CFINTCOM</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_of_the_Joint_Staff_Department" title="Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department">CMC JSD Intelligence Bureau</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/DEMIAP" title="DEMIAP">DEMIAP</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Security and Intelligence Agency">VSOA</a></li> <li>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Directorate" title="Military Counterintelligence Directorate">DCIM</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_(Czech_Republic)" title="Military Intelligence (Czech Republic)">VZ</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence_and_reconnaissance_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military intelligence and reconnaissance (Egypt)">DMISR</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Division_(Finland)" title="Intelligence Division (Finland)">PE TIEDOS</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Direction_du_renseignement_militaire" title="Direction du renseignement militaire">DRM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Service_(Germany)" title="Military Counterintelligence Service (Germany)">MAD</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Intelligence_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Intelligence Unit (page does not exist)">MIU</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katonai_Nemzetbiztons%C3%A1gi_Szolg%C3%A1lat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katonai Nemzetbiztonsági Szolgálat (page does not exist)">KNBSZ</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran (page does not exist)">General Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Islamic Republic of Iran Army">SAHEFAJA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution">SAHEFASA</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Ministry_of_Defence_and_Armed_Forces_Logistics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (page does not exist)">SAHEFAVEDJA</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(India)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (India)">DMI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Agency_(India)" title="Defence Intelligence Agency (India)">DIA</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Strategic_Intelligence_Agency" title="Indonesian Strategic Intelligence Agency">BAIS TNI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Army_Intelligence_Centre" title="Indonesian Army Intelligence Centre">Pusintelad</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Ireland)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)">G2</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Israel)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Israel)">Aman</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Centro_Intelligence_Interforze" title="Centro Intelligence Interforze">CII</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Headquarters" title="Defense Intelligence Headquarters">DIH</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Second_Investigation_Department" title="Second Investigation Department">AOTD</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Defence_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Malaysian Defence Intelligence Organisation">DIO</a></li> <li>Maldives: <a href="/wiki/Maldives_National_Defence_Force" title="Maldives National Defence Force">MNDF</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Direction_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_des_%C3%A9tudes_et_de_la_documentation" class="mw-redirect" title="Direction générale des études et de la documentation">DGED</a></li> <li>Myanmar: <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence_of_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="Military intelligence of Myanmar">Sa Ya Pa</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Dutch Military Intelligence and Security Service">MIVD</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Defence_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Defence Intelligence and Security">DDIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Agency_(Nigeria)" title="Defence Intelligence Agency (Nigeria)">DIA</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Service_for_Security_and_Intelligence" title="Military Service for Security and Intelligence">MSSI</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Military Intelligence (Pakistan)">MI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naval_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Naval Intelligence (Pakistan)">NI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Air Intelligence (Pakistan)">AI</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines#AFP-wide_service_support_and_separate_units" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">ISAFP</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/CISMIL" class="mw-redirect" title="CISMIL">CISMIL</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Direc%C5%A3ia_General%C4%83_de_Informa%C5%A3ii_a_Ap%C4%83r%C4%83rii" class="mw-redirect" title="Direcţia Generală de Informaţii a Apărării">DGIA</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">GRU</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Armed_Forces_Intelligence_and_Security_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Armed Forces Intelligence and Security Commission (page does not exist)">AFISC</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Security_Agency" title="Military Security Agency">VBA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Agency" title="Military Intelligence Agency">VOA</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Intelligence Organisation">MIO</a></li> <li>Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A9_spravodajstvo" title="Vojenské spravodajstvo">VS</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_Security_Service_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_(Slovenia)" title="Intelligence and Security Service of the Ministry of Defence (Slovenia)">OVS</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Division_(SANDF)" title="Defence Intelligence Division (SANDF)">SANDF-ID</a></li> <li>South Korea: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="Defense Intelligence Agency (South Korea)">DIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defense_Counterintelligence_Command" title="Defense Counterintelligence Command">DCC</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces_Intelligence_Center" title="Spanish Armed Forces Intelligence Center">CIFAS</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Sri Lanka)">DMI</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Service">MUST</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rischer_Nachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Militärischer Nachrichtendienst">MND</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffennachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Luftwaffennachrichtendienst">LWND</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Syria)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria)">MI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Intelligence_Directorate" title="Air Force Intelligence Directorate">AFID</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Military Intelligence Bureau">MIB</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armed_Forces_Security_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armed Forces Security Center (page does not exist)">AFSC</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Genelkurmay_%C4%B0stihbarat_Daire_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Genelkurmay İstihbarat Daire Başkanlığı">GENKUR İ.D.B.</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_(Ukraine)" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)">HUR MO</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence" title="Defence Intelligence">DI</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">DIA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Naval_Intelligence" title="Office of Naval Intelligence">ONI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Corps_(United_States_Army)" title="Military Intelligence Corps (United States Army)">MIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Air Force Intelligence">USAFI</a></li></ul></li> <li>Venezuela: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_General_de_Contrainteligencia_Militar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar">DGCIM</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/wiki/General_Department_of_Military_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="General Department of Military Intelligence">TC2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Signals_Directorate" title="Australian Signals Directorate">ASD</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/National_Telecommunication_Monitoring_Centre" title="National Telecommunication Monitoring Centre">NTMC</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Subchefia_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_do_Estado-Maior_de_Defesa" title="Subchefia de Inteligência do Estado-Maior de Defesa">2ª Sch/EMD</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Communications_Security_Establishment" title="Communications Security Establishment">CSE</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission">SIGINT</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Operational_Technology_Centre_for_the_Surveillance_of_Telecommunications" class="mw-redirect" title="Operational Technology Centre for the Surveillance of Telecommunications">OTC</a></li> <li>Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/Information_Network_Security_Agency" title="Information Network Security Agency">INSA</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a>, <a href="/wiki/DRSD" title="DRSD">DRSD</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service" title="Federal Intelligence Service">BND</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Department_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Department Unit (page does not exist)">RDU</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Cipher_Bureau" title="Joint Cipher Bureau">JCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Technical_Research_Organisation" title="National Technical Research Organisation">NTRO</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/National_Cyber_And_Crypto_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="National Cyber And Crypto Agency">BSSN</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Siber_dan_Sandi_Negara" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara">id</a>)</li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Communications_and_Information_Services_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications and Information Services Corps">CIS</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Unit_8200" title="Unit 8200">8200</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Headquarters" title="Defense Intelligence Headquarters">DIH</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Nationale_SIGINT_Organisatie" title="Nationale SIGINT Organisatie">NSO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Sigint_Cyber_Unit" title="Joint Sigint Cyber Unit">JSCU</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">GCSB</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Authority_(Norway)" title="National Security Authority (Norway)">NSM</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">JSIB</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Narodowe_Centrum_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Cyberprzestrzeni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narodowe Centrum Bezpieczeństwa Cyberprzestrzeni (page does not exist)">NCBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/3rd_Ship_Flotilla#Sub-Units" title="3rd Ship Flotilla">gOR 3.FO</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_for_Radioelectronic_Combat_Reconnaissance_and_Support_%E2%80%B3Lieutenant_Colonel_Jan_Kowalewski%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre for Radioelectronic Combat Reconnaissance and Support ″Lieutenant Colonel Jan Kowalewski″ (page does not exist)">CRiWWRE</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Przasnysz_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Przasnysz Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment (page does not exist)">2.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Oliwa_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment_%E2%80%B3Admiral_Arendt_Dickman%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Oliwa Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment ″Admiral Arendt Dickman″ (page does not exist)">6.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Serviciul_de_Telecomunica%C8%9Bii_Speciale" title="Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale">STS</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Special_Communications_Service_of_Russia" title="Special Communications Service of Russia"><i>Spetssvyaz</i></a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_State_Security" title="Presidency of State Security">PSS</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_Security_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of State Security (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/National_Cryptologic_Center" title="National Cryptologic Center">CCN</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/National_Defence_Radio_Establishment" title="National Defence Radio Establishment">FRA</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Syria)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria)">MI</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Sinyal_%C4%B0stihbarat%C4%B1_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinyal İstihbaratı Başkanlığı">MİT-SİB</a></li> <li>UAE: <a href="/wiki/Signals_Intelligence_Agency" title="Signals Intelligence Agency">SIA</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Derzhspetszviazok" class="mw-redirect" title="Derzhspetszviazok">Derzhspetszviazok</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Communications Headquarters">GCHQ</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">NSA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Imagery_intelligence" title="Imagery intelligence">Imagery<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Geospatial-Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation">AGO</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Air_Intelligence" title="Directorate of Air Intelligence">DAI</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Badan_Informasi_Geospasial" class="mw-redirect" title="Badan Informasi Geospasial">BIG</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_Group" title="Air Intelligence Group">Air Intelligence Group</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_Centre_for_Geospatial_Data_Infrastructure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malaysian Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure (page does not exist)">MaCGDI</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_intelligence_agencies#Other_organisations" title="New Zealand intelligence agencies">GEOINT NZ</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_IMINT_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polish IMINT Centre (page does not exist)">ORO</a>, <a href="/wiki/12th_Unmanned_Aerial_Vehicles_Base" title="12th Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Base">12.BBSP</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Air Intelligence (Pakistan)">Air Intelligence</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency#NMARSC" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NMARSC</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Geoespacial_do_Ex%C3%A9rcito" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro de Informação Geoespacial do Exército">CIGeoE</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">TsVTI GRU</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Fusion_Centre" title="Defence Intelligence Fusion Centre">DGIFC</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">NGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_intelligence" title="Financial intelligence">Financial<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Unidad_de_Inteligencia_Financiera_(Argentina)" title="Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera (Argentina)">UIF</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Transaction_Reports_and_Analysis_Centre" title="Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre">AUSTRAC</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Monitoring_Service_(Azerbaijan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Monitoring Service (Azerbaijan)">MMX</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Financial_Intelligence_Unit" title="Bangladesh Financial Intelligence Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Council_for_Financial_Activities_Control" title="Council for Financial Activities Control">COAF</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Transactions_and_Reports_Analysis_Centre_of_Canada" title="Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada">FINTRAC</a></li> <li>Fiji: <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Financial_Intelligence_Unit" title="Fiji Financial Intelligence Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Tracfin" title="Tracfin">Tracfin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Direction_Nationale_du_Renseignement_et_des_Enqu%C3%AAtes_Douani%C3%A8res" title="Direction Nationale du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières">DNRED</a></li> <li>Iceland: <a href="/wiki/Skattranns%C3%B3knarstj%C3%B3ri_R%C3%ADkisins" class="mw-redirect" title="Skattrannsóknarstjóri Ríkisins">SR</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Central_Economic_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Central Economic Intelligence Bureau">CEIB</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Financial_Transaction_Reports_and_Analysis_Center" title="Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center">PPATK</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Economic_Crime_Bureau" title="Garda National Economic Crime Bureau">GNECB</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unit%C3%A0_di_Informazione_Finanziaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unità di Informazione Finanziaria (page does not exist)">UIF</a></li> <li>Lithuania (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Crime_Investigation_Service" title="Financial Crime Investigation Service">FNTT</a>)</li> <li>Malta: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Intelligence_Analysis_Unit" title="Financial Intelligence Analysis Unit">FIAU</a></li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Unidad_de_Inteligencia_Financiera_(Mexico)" title="Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera (Mexico)">UIF</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Information_and_Investigation_Service" title="Fiscal Information and Investigation Service">FIOD</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Financial_Information_Inspector&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Financial Information Inspector (page does not exist)">GIIF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tax_and_Customs_Service_(Poland)" title="Tax and Customs Service (Poland)">SCS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Anticorruption_Bureau" title="Central Anticorruption Bureau">CBA</a></li> <li>Qatar: <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Financial_Information_Unit" title="Qatar Financial Information Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Rosfinmonitoring" title="Rosfinmonitoring">Rosfinmonitoring</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Directorate_of_Financial_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Directorate of Financial Intelligence (page does not exist)">GDOFI</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Customs_Surveillance_Service" title="Customs Surveillance Service">SVA</a>, <a href="/wiki/SEPBLAC" title="SEPBLAC">SEPBLAC</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Investigation_Board_(Turkey)" title="Financial Crimes Investigation Board (Turkey)">MASAK</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Terrorism_and_Financial_Intelligence" title="Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence">TFI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">FinCEN</a></li> <li>Vatican: <a href="/wiki/Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority_(Vatican_City)" title="Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Vatican City)">ASIF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criminal_intelligence" title="Criminal intelligence">Criminal<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_Inteligencia_Criminal" title="Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Criminal">DNIC</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Criminal_Intelligence_Commission" title="Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission">ACIC</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Investigation_Department_(Bangladesh)" title="Criminal Investigation Department (Bangladesh)">CID</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Intelligence_Service_Canada" title="Criminal Intelligence Service Canada">CISC</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Finland)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Finland)">NBI</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Central Bureau of Investigation">CBI</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Police#Central_Executive_Agencies" title="Indonesian National Police">Baintelkam Polri</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Intelijen_dan_Keamanan_Kepolisian_Negara_Republik_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Intelijen dan Keamanan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia">id</a>)</li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Direzione_Investigativa_Antimafia" title="Direzione Investigativa Antimafia">DIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Divisione_Investigazioni_Generali_e_Operazioni_Speciali" title="Divisione Investigazioni Generali e Operazioni Speciali">DIGOS</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">NBI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Police#Operational_units" title="Philippine National Police">PNP-IG</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Headquarters_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Police Headquarters (Poland)">BWiIK KGP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centralne_Biuro_%C5%9Aledcze_Policji" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralne Biuro Śledcze Policji">CBŚP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_(Poland)" title="Border Guard (Poland)">ZOŚ KGSG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Gendarmerie_(Poland)" title="Military Gendarmerie (Poland)">ZK KGŻW</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Direc%C8%9Bia_General%C4%83_de_Protec%C8%9Bie_Intern%C4%83" title="Direcția Generală de Protecție Internă"> DGPI</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Crime_Intelligence_Division" title="Crime Intelligence Division">Crime Intelligence Division</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Information" title="General Commissariat of Information">CGI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_Guard_Information_Service" title="Civil Guard Information Service">SIGC</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Judiciary_Police" title="General Commissariat of Judiciary Police">CGPJ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Operative_Unit" title="Central Operative Unit">UCO</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intelligence<br />community</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Intelligence_Community" title="Australian Intelligence Community">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_intelligence_community" title="Bangladeshi intelligence community">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_security_and_intelligence_system" title="Croatian security and intelligence system">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_intelligence_agencies_of_France" title="List of intelligence agencies of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_intelligence_agencies" title="List of Indian intelligence agencies">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Intelligence_Community" title="Israeli Intelligence Community">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_intelligence_agencies" title="Italian intelligence agencies">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_intelligence_agencies" title="New Zealand intelligence agencies">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Intelligence_community" title="Pakistani Intelligence community">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agencies_of_Russia" title="Intelligence agencies of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_intelligence_agencies" title="British intelligence agencies">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intelligence<br />alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_de_Berne" title="Club de Berne">Club de Berne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">Five Eyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximator_(intelligence_alliance)" title="Maximator (intelligence alliance)">Maximator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egmont_Group_of_Financial_Intelligence_Units" title="Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units">Egmont Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct<br /> agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japan">Imperial Japan</a>: <a href="/wiki/Special_Higher_Police" title="Special Higher Police">Tokko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>: <a href="/wiki/Embroidered_Uniform_Guard" title="Embroidered Uniform Guard">Embroidered Uniform Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>: <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a>, <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Counterintelligence_Service_(Yugoslavia)" title="Counterintelligence Service (Yugoslavia)">KOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">Espionage</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_intelligence_agencies" title="List of intelligence agencies">List of intelligence agencies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_leak" title="News leak">Leaks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak" title="United States diplomatic cables leak">Diplomatic cable leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)">NSA leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vault_7" title="Vault 7">CIA leaks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Firewall_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Firewall of China">Great Firewall of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_China" title="Mass surveillance in China">Mass surveillance in China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_agency" title="Security agency">Security agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance" title="Mass surveillance">Surveillance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Brother_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)" title="Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">Big Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_detail_record" title="Call detail record">Call detail record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivore_(software)" title="Carnivore (software)">Carnivore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dishfire" title="Dishfire">Dishfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECHELON" title="ECHELON">ECHELON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRISM_(surveillance_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="PRISM (surveillance program)">PRISM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Ghost" title="Stone Ghost">Stone Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbulence_(NSA)" title="Turbulence (NSA)">Turbulence (NSA programme)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">National security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveillance_issues_in_smart_cities" title="Surveillance issues in smart cities">Surveillance issues in smart cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Border_protection_agencies" title="Template:Border protection agencies">Border guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Coast_guards" title="Template:Coast guards">Coast guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Customs_services" title="Template:Customs services">Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Police" title="Template:Police">Law enforcement agency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_law_enforcement_agencies" title="Template:Types of law enforcement agencies">Types</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template:National intelligence agencies">Intelligence agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Crisis_in_Venezuela" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Crisis_in_Venezuela" title="Template:Crisis in Venezuela"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Crisis_in_Venezuela" title="Template talk:Crisis in Venezuela"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Crisis_in_Venezuela" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Crisis in Venezuela"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Crisis_in_Venezuela" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Crisis_in_Venezuela" title="Crisis in Venezuela">Crisis in Venezuela</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Protests against Nicolás Maduro">Protests against Nicolás Maduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_presidential_crisis" title="Venezuelan presidential crisis">Venezuelan presidential crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Venezuela_(1999%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Venezuela (1999–present)">History of Venezuela (1999–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Venezuela" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ongoing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013%E2%80%93present_economic_crisis_in_Venezuela" title="2013–present economic crisis in Venezuela">Economic crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_missions" title="Bolivarian missions">Bolivarian missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Revolution" title="Bolivarian Revolution">Bolivarian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarianism" title="Bolivarianism">Bolivarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Venezuela" title="Censorship in Venezuela">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavismo" title="Chavismo">Chavismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Venezuela#Crimes_against_humanity" title="Human rights in Venezuela">Crimes against humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Venezuela#Bolivarian_Revolution" title="Corruption in Venezuela">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_crisis_defection" title="Venezuelan crisis defection">Defections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_bol%C3%ADvar" title="Venezuelan bolívar">Devaluation of the Venezuelan bolívar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro_administration" title="Economic policy of the Nicolás Maduro administration">Economic policies under Nicolás Maduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_crisis_in_Venezuela" title="Energy crisis in Venezuela">Energy crisis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zulia_energy_collapse" title="Zulia energy collapse">Zulia energy collapse</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Venezuela_(1999%E2%80%93present)#From_2009:_Term_limits_eliminated_and_human_rights_abuses" title="History of Venezuela (1999–present)">Human rights abuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_Venezuela" title="Hyperinflation in Venezuela">Hyperinflation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade_in_Venezuela" title="Illegal drug trade in Venezuela">Illegal drug trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Venezuelan_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="International sanctions during the Venezuelan crisis">Internationa sanctions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._sanctions_during_the_Venezuelan_crisis" title="U.S. sanctions during the Venezuelan crisis">U.S. sanctions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interventions_of_political_parties_in_Venezuela" title="Interventions of political parties in Venezuela">Interventions of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negotiations_during_the_Venezuelan_crisis" title="Negotiations during the Venezuelan crisis">Negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_refugee_crisis" title="Venezuelan refugee crisis">Refugee crisis and diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortages_in_Venezuela" title="Shortages in Venezuela">Resource shortages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_protector" title="State protector">State protectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="Venezuela and state-sponsored terrorism">State-sponsored terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_of_emergency_in_Venezuela" title="States of emergency in Venezuela">States of emergency in Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catatumbo_campaign" title="Catatumbo campaign">Catatumbo campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemon_conflict" title="Pemon conflict">Pemon conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Venezuela" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela">Coronavirus pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Colombia%E2%80%93Venezuela_diplomatic_crisis" title="2010 Colombia–Venezuela diplomatic crisis">Colombian diplomatic crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Brito" title="Franklin Brito">Death of Franklin Brito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDVAL_affair" title="PDVAL affair">PDVAL affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Venezuelan_parliamentary_election" title="2010 Venezuelan parliamentary election">Parliamentary election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/III_National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="III National Assembly of Venezuela">III National Assembly of Venezuela</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amuay_tragedy" title="Amuay tragedy">Amuay tragedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Venezuelan_presidential_election" title="2012 Venezuelan presidential election">Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Venezuelan_regional_elections" title="2012 Venezuelan regional elections">Regional elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Death of Hugo Chávez">Death of Hugo Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Venezuelan_presidential_election" title="2013 Venezuelan presidential election">Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakazo" title="Dakazo">Dakazo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Venezuelan_municipal_elections" title="2013 Venezuelan municipal elections">Municipal elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Salida" title="La Salida">La Salida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Venezuelan_protests" title="2014 Venezuelan protests">2014 protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2014_Venezuelan_protests" title="Timeline of the 2014 Venezuelan protests">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_L%C3%B3pez#Imprisonment" title="Leopoldo López">Detention of Leopoldo López</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Panama%E2%80%93Venezuela_diplomatic_crisis" title="2014 Panama–Venezuela diplomatic crisis">Panama diplomatic crisis (1st)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela_Defense_of_Human_Rights_and_Civil_Society_Act_of_2014" title="Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014">Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ledezma" title="Antonio Ledezma">Detention of Antonio Ledezma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Colombia%E2%80%93Venezuela_migrant_crisis" title="2015 Colombia–Venezuela migrant crisis">Colombian diplomatic/migration crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resolution_8610" title="Resolution 8610">Resolution 8610</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2015_Venezuelan_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the 2015 Venezuelan protests">2015 protests (timeline)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcosobrinos_affair" title="Narcosobrinos affair">Narcosobrinos affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Venezuelan_parliamentary_election" title="2015 Venezuelan parliamentary election">Parliamentary election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IV_National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="IV National Assembly of Venezuela">IV National Assembly of Venezuela</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Tumeremo_massacre" title="2016 Tumeremo massacre">Tumeremo massacre (first)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Venezuelan_recall_referendum_project" title="2016 Venezuelan recall referendum project">Recall referendum movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2016_Venezuelan_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the 2016 Venezuelan protests">2016 protests (timeline)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gilber_Caro#2017_incarceration" title="Gilber Caro">Detention of Gilber Caro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Venezuelan_constitutional_crisis" title="2017 Venezuelan constitutional crisis">Constitutional crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_of_All_Marches" title="Mother of All Marches">Mother of All Marches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracas_helicopter_incident" title="Caracas helicopter incident">Caracas helicopter incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Venezuelan_referendum" title="2017 Venezuelan referendum">Referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Venezuelan_National_Assembly_attack" title="2017 Venezuelan National Assembly attack">National Assembly attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Venezuelan_Constituent_Assembly_election" title="2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election">Constituent Assembly election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_2017_National_Constituent_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="Members of the 2017 National Constituent Assembly of Venezuela">Members</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Venezuelan_regional_elections" title="2017 Venezuelan regional elections">Regional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Venezuelan_municipal_elections" title="2017 Venezuelan municipal elections">Municipal elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Fort_Paramacay" title="Attack on Fort Paramacay">Attack on Fort Paramacay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Andr%C3%A9s_Garc%C3%ADa_(politician)" title="Carlos Andrés García (politician)">Death of Carlos Andrés García</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_against_Hatred" title="Law against Hatred">Law against Hatred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Venezuelan_protests" title="2017 Venezuelan protests">2017 protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2017_Venezuelan_protests" title="Timeline of the 2017 Venezuelan protests">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Junquito_raid" title="El Junquito raid">El Junquito raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Nicolás Maduro presidential campaign">Presidential campaign of Nicolás Maduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Valencia,_Venezuela_fire" title="2018 Valencia, Venezuela fire">Valencia fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Panama%E2%80%93Venezuela_diplomatic_crisis" title="2018 Panama–Venezuela diplomatic crisis">Panama diplomatic crisis (2nd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Venezuelan_presidential_election" title="2018 Venezuelan presidential election">Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Para%C3%ADso_stampede" title="El Paraíso stampede">El Paraíso stampede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracas_drone_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Caracas drone attack">Caracas drone attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detention_of_Juan_Requesens" title="Detention of Juan Requesens">Detention of Juan Requesens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viernes_Rojo" title="Viernes Rojo">Economic reforms and <i>Viernes Rojo</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Alb%C3%A1n" title="Fernando Albán">Murder of Fernando Albán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2018_Tumeremo_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="October 2018 Tumeremo massacre">Tumeremo massacre (third)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2018_Venezuelan_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the 2018 Venezuelan protests">2018 protests (timeline)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Second inauguration of Nicolás Maduro">Inauguration of Nicolás Maduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela_TPS_Act_of_2019" title="Venezuela TPS Act of 2019">Venezuela TPS Act of 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plan_Pa%C3%ADs" title="Plan País">Plan País</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_shipping_of_humanitarian_aid_to_Venezuela" title="2019 shipping of humanitarian aid to Venezuela">Humanitarian aid mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuelan_Amnesty_Law" title="2019 Venezuelan Amnesty Law">Amnesty Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela_Aid_Live" title="Venezuela Aid Live">Venezuela Aid Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statute_Governing_the_Transition_to_Democracy" title="Statute Governing the Transition to Democracy">Statute Governing the Transition to Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al%C3%AD_Dom%C3%ADnguez" title="Alí Domínguez">Murder of Alí Domínguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuelan_blackouts" title="2019 Venezuelan blackouts">Widespread blackouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Marrero" title="Roberto Marrero">Detention of Roberto Marrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilber_Caro#2019_detention_and_disappearance" title="Gilber Caro">Disappearance of Gilber Caro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuelan_uprising_attempt" title="2019 Venezuelan uprising attempt">30 April uprising attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acarigua_prison_riot" title="Acarigua prison riot">Acarigua prison riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Acosta_Ar%C3%A9valo" title="Rafael Acosta Arévalo">Death of Rafael Acosta Arévalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_of_Rufo_Chac%C3%B3n" title="Attack of Rufo Chacón">Attack of Rufo Chacón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Juan Carlos Márquez">Death of Juan Carlos Márquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmundo_Rada" title="Edmundo Rada">Murder of Edmundo Rada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operaci%C3%B3n_Alacr%C3%A1n" title="Operación Alacrán">Operación Alacrán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuelan_protests" title="2019 Venezuelan protests">2019 protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019_Venezuelan_protests" title="Timeline of the 2019 Venezuelan protests">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Venezuelan_National_Assembly_Delegated_Committee_election" title="2020 Venezuelan National Assembly Delegated Committee election">National Assembly leadership election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addy_Valero" title="Addy Valero">Death of Addy Valero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Cagua_fire" title="2020 Cagua fire">Cagua fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Barquisimeto_shooting" title="2020 Barquisimeto shooting">Barquisimeto shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Venezuela" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanare_prison_riot" title="Guanare prison riot">Guanare prison riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Gideon_(2020)" title="Operation Gideon (2020)">Operation Gideon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_El_Palito_oil_spill" title="2020 El Palito oil spill">El Palito oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Saab" title="Alex Saab">Detention of Alex Saab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Venezuelan_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Venezuelan parliamentary election">Parliamentary election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V_National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="V National Assembly of Venezuela">V National Assembly of Venezuela</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Vega_raid" title="La Vega raid">La Vega raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Apure_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Apure clashes">Apure clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Arauca_clashes" title="2022 Arauca clashes">Arauca clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Venezuelan_recall_referendum_project" title="2022 Venezuelan recall referendum project">Recall referendum project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Solidarity_Law" title="Anti-Solidarity Law">Anti-Solidarity Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados_Agreement" title="Barbados Agreement">Barbados Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Unitary_Platform_presidential_primaries" title="2023 Unitary Platform presidential primaries">Unitary Platform presidential primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Venezuelan_referendum" title="2023 Venezuelan referendum">Referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Guyana%E2%80%93Venezuela_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Guyana–Venezuela crisis">Guyana–Venezuela crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_El_Palito_oil_spill" title="2023 El Palito oil spill">El Palito oil spill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detention_of_Roc%C3%ADo_San_Miguel" title="Detention of Rocío San Miguel">Detention of Rocío San Miguel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_against_Fascism,_Neofascism_and_Similar_Expressions" title="Law against Fascism, Neofascism and Similar Expressions">Law against Fascism, Neofascism and Similar Expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulla_Loca_mine_disaster" title="Bulla Loca mine disaster">Bulla Loca mine disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Venezuelan_presidential_election" title="2024 Venezuelan presidential election">Presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_2024_Venezuelan_presidential_election" title="International reactions to the 2024 Venezuelan presidential election">international reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Venezuelan_protests" title="2024 Venezuelan protests">protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Venezuelan_political_crisis" title="2024 Venezuelan political crisis">political crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Venezuelan_blackouts" title="2024 Venezuelan blackouts">Widespread blackouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Argentine_Embassy_and_ambassador%27s_residence_in_Venezuela" title="Siege of the Argentine Embassy and ambassador's residence in Venezuela">Argentine embassy siege</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deaths during protests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassil_Da_Costa" title="Bassil Da Costa">Bassil Da Costa</a></li> <li>Robert Redman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9nesis_Carmona" title="Génesis Carmona">Génesis Carmona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldin_Moreno" title="Geraldin Moreno">Geraldin Moreno</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Kluivert_Roa" title="Murder of Kluivert Roa">Kluivert Roa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Paola_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Killing of Paola Ramírez">Paola Ramírez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Pablo_Pernalete" title="Juan Pablo Pernalete">Juan Pablo Pernalete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Armando_Ca%C3%B1izales" title="Killing of Armando Cañizales">Armando Cañizales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Miguel_Castillo" title="Killing of Miguel Castillo">Miguel Castillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Pa%C3%BAl_Moreno" title="Killing of Paúl Moreno">Paúl Moreno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Figuera" title="Orlando Figuera">Orlando Figuera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neomar_Lander" title="Neomar Lander">Neomar Lander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Fabi%C3%A1n_Urbina" title="Killing of Fabián Urbina">Fabián Urbina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_David_Vallenilla" title="Killing of David Vallenilla">David Vallenilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Xiomara_Scott" title="Killing of Xiomara Scott">Xiomara Scott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Maduro</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Nicolás Maduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ameliach" title="Francisco Ameliach">F. Ameliach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diosdado_Cabello" title="Diosdado Cabello">D. Cabello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A1n_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Adán Chávez">A. Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tareck_El_Aissami" title="Tareck El Aissami">T. El Aissami</a> <ul><li>arrested in 2024</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Escarr%C3%A1" title="Hermann Escarrá">H. Escarrá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarek_William_Saab" title="Tarek William Saab">T. W. Saab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilia_Flores" title="Cilia Flores">C. Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arist%C3%B3bulo_Ist%C3%BAriz" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristóbulo Istúriz">A. Istúriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El%C3%ADas_Jaua" title="Elías Jaua">E. Jaua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibisay_Lucena" title="Tibisay Lucena">T. Lucena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Alfonzo" title="Indira Alfonzo">I. Alfonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro_Guerra" title="Nicolás Maduro Guerra">N. Maduro Guerra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Mata_Figueroa" title="Carlos Mata Figueroa">C. Mata Figueroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Mel%C3%A9ndez" title="Carmen Meléndez">C. Meléndez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%ADver_Alcal%C3%A1_Cordones" title="Clíver Alcalá Cordones">C. Alcalá Cordones</a> <ul><li>until 2013</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luisa_Ortega_D%C3%ADaz" title="Luisa Ortega Díaz">L. Ortega Díaz</a> <ul><li>until 2017</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Padrino_L%C3%B3pez" title="Vladimir Padrino López">V. Padrino López</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Ram%C3%ADrez_(politician)" title="Rafael Ramírez (politician)">R. Ramírez</a> <ul><li>until 2018</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Parra" title="Luis Parra">L. Parra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Rangel_Silva" title="Henry Rangel Silva">H. Rangel Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delcy_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Delcy Rodríguez">D. Rodríguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(Venezuelan_politician)" title="Jorge Rodríguez (Venezuelan politician)">J. Rodríguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Arreaza" title="Jorge Arreaza">J. Arreaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isa%C3%ADas_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Isaías Rodríguez">I. Rodríguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarek_William_Saab" title="Tarek William Saab">T. W. Saab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Varela" title="Iris Varela">I. Varela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dar%C3%ADo_Vivas" title="Darío Vivas">D. Vivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Amoroso" title="Elvis Amoroso">E. Amoroso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bladimir_Lugo" title="Bladimir Lugo">B. Lugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Cristopher_Figuera" title="Manuel Cristopher Figuera">M. C. Figuera</a> <ul><li>until 2019</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Far%C3%ADas" title="Erika Farías">E. Farías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddy_Bernal" title="Freddy Bernal">F. Bernal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Alfonzo" title="Indira Alfonzo">I. Alfonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yv%C3%A1n_Gil" title="Yván Gil">Y. Gil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anti-Maduro</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Guaid%C3%B3" title="Juan Guaidó">Juan Guaidó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Alberto_P%C3%A9rez" title="Óscar Alberto Pérez">Óscar Pérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%ADver_Alcal%C3%A1_Cordones" title="Clíver Alcalá Cordones">C. Alcalá Cordones</a> <ul><li>since 2013</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_Borges" title="Julio Borges">J. Borges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luisa_Ortega_D%C3%ADaz" title="Luisa Ortega Díaz">L. Ortega Díaz</a> <ul><li>since 2017</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Ram%C3%ADrez_(politician)" title="Rafael Ramírez (politician)">Rafael Ramírez</a> <ul><li>since 2018</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Corina_Machado" title="María Corina Machado">María Corina Machado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrique_Capriles" title="Henrique Capriles">H. Capriles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Falc%C3%B3n" title="Henri Falcón">H. Falcón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Adri%C3%A1n" title="Tamara Adrián">Adrián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Arria" title="Diego Arria">Arria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Guillermo_Aveledo" title="Ramón Guillermo Aveledo">Aveledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilber_Caro" title="Gilber Caro">Caro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddy_Guevara" title="Freddy Guevara">F. Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ledezma" title="Antonio Ledezma">A. Ledezma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_L%C3%B3pez" title="Leopoldo López">L. López</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosmit_Mantilla" title="Rosmit Mantilla">Mantilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Mendoza" title="Enrique Mendoza">Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_P%C3%A9rez_%C3%81lvarez" title="Pablo Pérez Álvarez">Pérez Álvarez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_P%C3%A9rez_Vivas" title="César Pérez Vivas">Pérez Vivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ramos_Allup" title="Henry Ramos Allup">Ramos Allup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Requesens" title="Juan Requesens">J. Requesens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafaela_Requesens" title="Rafaela Requesens">R. Requesens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabiana_Rosales" title="Fabiana Rosales">F. Rosales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Rosales" title="Manuel Rosales">M. Rosales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrique_Salas_Feo" title="Henrique Salas Feo">H. Salas Feo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicencio_Scarano_Spisso" title="Vicencio Scarano Spisso">V. S. Scarano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilian_Tintori" title="Lilian Tintori">L. Tintori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Torrealba" title="Jesús Torrealba">J. Torrealba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Vel%C3%A1squez" title="Andrés Velásquez">A. Velásquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Silva_Silva" title="José Luis Silva Silva">J. L. Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Cristopher_Figuera" title="Manuel Cristopher Figuera">M. C. Figuera</a> <ul><li>since 2019</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delsa_Sol%C3%B3rzano" title="Delsa Solórzano">D. Solórzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Barboza" title="Omar Barboza">O. Barboza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JJ_Rend%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="JJ Rendón">J. J. Rendón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Pablo_Guanipa" title="Juan Pablo Guanipa">J. P. Guanipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Guanipa" title="Tomás Guanipa">T. Guanipa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Maduro</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" title="Union of South American Nations">Union of South American Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALBA" title="ALBA">Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas</a></li> <li>Political parties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_Pole" title="Great Patriotic Pole">Great Patriotic Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Socialist_Party_of_Venezuela" title="United Socialist Party of Venezuela">United Socialist Party of Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Social_Democracy" title="For Social Democracy">PODEMOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Electoral_Movement_(Venezuela)" title="People's Electoral Movement (Venezuela)">People's Electoral Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li>Media outlets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agencia_Venezolana_de_Noticias" title="Agencia Venezolana de Noticias">Agencia Venezolana de Noticias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesur" title="Telesur">Telesur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezolana_de_Televisi%C3%B3n" title="Venezolana de Televisión">Venezolana de Televisión</a></li></ul></li> <li>State organizations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Tribunal_of_Justice_(Venezuela)" title="Supreme Tribunal of Justice (Venezuela)">Supreme Tribunal of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Council_(Venezuela)" title="National Electoral Council (Venezuela)">National Electoral Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Constituent_National_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Constituent National Assembly">Constituent National Assembly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Intelligence Service">Bolivarian Intelligence Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian National Guard">Bolivarian National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Barrio_Adentro" title="Mission Barrio Adentro">Mission Barrio Adentro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Committees_for_Supply_and_Production" title="Local Committees for Supply and Production">Local Committees for Supply and Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeland_card" title="Homeland card">Carnet de la Patria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colectivo_(Venezuela)" title="Colectivo (Venezuela)">Colectivos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anti-Maduro</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organization of American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercosur" title="Mercosur">Mercosur</a></li> <li>Political parties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unity_Roundtable" title="Democratic Unity Roundtable">Democratic Unity Roundtable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Will" title="Popular Will">Popular Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_First" title="Justice First">Justice First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Action_(Venezuela)" title="Democratic Action (Venezuela)">Democratic Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_New_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="A New Era">Un Nuevo Tiempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Come_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Come Venezuela">Come Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copei" title="Copei">Copei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Socialism_(Venezuela)" class="mw-redirect" title="Movement for Socialism (Venezuela)">Movimiento al Socialismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Advance" title="Progressive Advance">Progressive Advance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_for_Change" title="Agreement for Change">Agreement for Change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Venezuela)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Venezuela)">National Assembly (majority)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitolio_TV" title="Capitolio TV">Capitolio TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enforced_disappearances_in_Venezuela" title="Enforced disappearances in Venezuela">Enforced disappearances in Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guaire_miners" title="Guaire miners">Guaire miners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Venezuela" title="Human rights in Venezuela">Human rights in Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Venezuela" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Venezuela">International Criminal Court investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orinoco_Mining_Arc" title="Orinoco Mining Arc">Orinoco Mining Arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perrera" title="Perrera">Perrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_prisoners_in_Venezuela" title="Political prisoners in Venezuela">Political prisoners in Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolving_door_effect" title="Revolving door effect">Revolving door effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torture_in_Venezuela" title="Torture in Venezuela">Torture in Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_(2023_film)" title="Simón (2023 film)">Simón</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Revolution_in_film" title="Bolivarian Revolution in film">Bolivarian Revolution in film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&params=10.4954_N_66.8826_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°29′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">66°52′57″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.4954°N 66.8826°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.4954; -66.8826</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&oldid=1257891548">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&oldid=1257891548</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Venezuelan_intelligence_agencies" title="Category:Venezuelan intelligence agencies">Venezuelan intelligence agencies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Secret_police" title="Category:Secret police">Secret police</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_repression_in_Venezuela" title="Category:Political repression in Venezuela">Political repression in Venezuela</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government_agencies_established_in_2010" title="Category:Government agencies established in 2010">Government agencies established in 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2010_establishments_in_Venezuela" title="Category:2010 establishments in Venezuela">2010 establishments in Venezuela</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_European_Spanish-language_sources_(es-es)" title="Category:CS1 European Spanish-language sources (es-es)">CS1 European Spanish-language sources (es-es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Spanish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Spanish-language text">Articles containing Spanish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_not_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates not on Wikidata">Coordinates not on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 03:41<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-lg4pt","wgBackendResponseTime":145,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.040","walltime":"1.340","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4724,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":304666,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3549,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":218044,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1075.088 1 -total"," 37.20% 399.915 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.78% 223.424 1 Template:Infobox_government_agency"," 20.75% 223.054 30 Template:Cite_news"," 20.12% 216.289 1 Template:Infobox"," 12.01% 129.073 1 Template:Br_separated_entries"," 11.94% 128.386 6 Template:Navbox"," 11.42% 122.798 2 Template:Lang"," 10.17% 109.292 1 Template:National_intelligence_agencies"," 8.69% 93.476 21 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.636","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":26045776,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-g2kkn","timestamp":"20241130135404","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Bolivarian National Intelligence Service","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivarian_National_Intelligence_Service","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6126016","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6126016","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-11-09T23:47:22Z","dateModified":"2024-11-17T03:41:11Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3c\/Seal_of_SEBIN.png","headline":"Venezuelan national intelligence agency"}</script> </body> </html>