CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134b69e2a175cd6',cH: 'j6nawd4n.fGGa1U4i3wV94JgL0dqOI8OUiqpGM7Jf48-1739784150-1.2.1.1-FkZHqYZyFVzj5kk8uJJKooEkq46RGBEa8xPP3Y8_unB6fLbTOEjejQBemjpYKvZq',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=body%20mass%20index&__cf_chl_tk=_eRn779cV4cM2EJSdR6ba5ND61dn.5rfdhc6TirMoL4-1739784150-1.0.1.1-DH1lH7VUeiafWgkIkWfHcGuYidS4hZnEqgVR7jVN9ts",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739784150',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=body%20mass%20index&__cf_chl_f_tk=_eRn779cV4cM2EJSdR6ba5ND61dn.5rfdhc6TirMoL4-1739784150-1.0.1.1-DH1lH7VUeiafWgkIkWfHcGuYidS4hZnEqgVR7jVN9ts",md: "gUsITmQHzaiTEqmktplrsvJBrH2kkg9IU1_BDQiOKfE-1739784150-1.2.1.1-z5vs4A1_zE9S4crlf0Vd.HJMIY7TpHCDb0Hqr0ebw9Ii_Wo9LdvTevhRiB4F_JXjKqskeuxMzoWFKUAANdur7KAYQMjFj5ZYohSD2ktzbIf7AXh6auBRa2kgRGudz2TnEVk5FIxQHi9Eb7ljwd3jojvztNN93YcwgrNgxq3jaKfhw12h0Ry_.mg.SzhrQXqtgKTg3O64TLvdet.MyngWTMOOll0kdDUVO4PN_HwxyvQ0OcECz..eT0UuX84QMo6ukVvEZ3asMOrSR7oKmenV9nMXh5NyMRSuNZJnkmWACwqX8JJrNvZhoEyteo55nBr5EphbU9Mui5WOTDkQ5LIieFpoCRMWdaVLCDiP0C6Mn6lWoAhTAMmOsOI2n9Q_5K7IU3FI7iWAN1V9zNRaKessd9HeK2HMqRVUeA4sfJuls3O6eQ2rTsUMulZ1M02pdFcau59sUKoauGpDxourQv708YVmMdnP8rbJPjSWXdgHQ9O.09TLqzG3PtR8mQ75V5dhHBj7CsJvnbq.hc6RpWtQ_A8pfkRPKe5FK4F6I9P2Z9oKQZX6ukfyNK_PrdWXXaIG24wdTnpvkG.B6K_3eIZ7YyIkj.Cs70c4mizSbijatonIzmFkqzVGSxvehfpZTgA_a2jYHudOn5GH6ZFqxBwlyIn8cmUrRFF10_TonJHrT2xBjRTTffceWDhteweieZM7DY9VwnUCyvN89nGWg0XySmClMODDiqFX556aK9eaAX2H08xxe7su4lm.b0wSwUko8mfilVJ..3vS6QK6JbqsRGobzzTbD.AGpw6U9RCjZn3CRBsJS730Wz7bX5MkzKvQMYFIB.xPAcUcoXimLWUhf0eOsUPquqQ8qRyu9szimlsecir8LyJXf13Y6POVutMq6QEt8p5RUx2eCZDUVVpBOmZM0Vw.fm6_BmLuQLHbWH27IGHrjwheiQizwNBXQ6BULE_ogqeW_9OvYOMyAIZkaBAUGUAbGkWakeacAVC5WJnWItVFWZ2vB9sGA5zZcygunN8aoUIDiuHZclDyftjvwFfathgDIrHoprrnfUQgj2o.sNF7HXI5dgNW40VXPjktp9fZPV9ZfsO9aSavrDCLct9_Mxf2oQidHFOFJOgxxBujtMPMEVm1C0sLBzcOSDDsvyV0SLEcqFKhLhQgGVN.UPErBuDYn9Lr4pa1ZQ5zFNqJSMCuGRsJ7FBRIM1lmKeEdqNN540k7OWCOTQCNLBoV6sAfNAgZ0QnAAeQFbHn8xC_O1Ppvm18MfNd9gwUZGnIFBeVUm1Ssq0JeqflUp0sR3ngIWPidZMuc3K.jWoswQQb88Lmu1Ap03zPynBo1wQpuMhInj1H5Bl0mxBJ75Xh9mYc7pQmulySEq_M2j8X6gNjC1mr4mN8X5wfVxdE8gtSW23ObKZ0M46qJuA8e8xjRycDXwPNYBAOu3J28OM8u0sFgqioWqmjzwUgO7f1oPztzgxl62JowCYoIA6HhCD7TLClGGx9jEfQqE0zFVhxwcMpikfTTuRsRc1gsuUDesF9ntbktgAkTY4Cb7CLM_kEGNecRHwuwxuydJn4WvK3r_CCwarvYEKDpvM2jud7a_UNL8NxE0bSmeskyKRKFn_nzeX5Gxy7NIlVW4C9caAWRf_xjcgCGm2WfamXu0W7ow0TW2bjBCPAY.ajA00SwDxNNH1_sMoonwMGDheOfJXMKOGfhSlt7ipIqJiXpWabmhfgPBF6wWTw9dd3Cy4xkF0KkdrLsOYrXt8Fbvx8ZFVaRBcvCvr8IBmjcFq1hVpobtIQ_fvxxMm0rPUgbHvRX4DOnU4SJnQICJJ6nRGTRm2vcayrjQ9ku5G4ua14f6QvmsYSDSrM96Jr2QEqyPREV66DJlMzBupqPiq1VQrdLchmN_bKUQVZzMI64Gu4b5JdwkjAXVHQoS8E6C8Wiinwqm6uCtLJfBGaGA8Gbj8jr6sX0Cs",mdrd: "6jXZzePj1Latv_V4VI07GonSAEWhpPUM_BGrQNDUP6U-1739784150-1.2.1.1-OhY41_0JRmQ3EgiDM58xrSJWmb1NjTtM82WtMljP2RLPlZs7mL1nSybz_j.nzwpfDWwYrw7Y6lVZlFHkrN9ZF9KllBcgsH29n_N04OR0PJrW1iOln_rNltCZB6bxNnMw08Jx0l.SmkTu6KAYSR8PH_iNIv3Us4XR2Qu4ZueyG7iz8K7gskR36pa13zWLdRwberu.sCZA.s_KYDkQWjgp1q0jKpaJV1PZKmWErJtPdD67S73t552vT9KlRJVreA9Jabt8Lacw0BPglRO8rLdqjTJIuNkGliiTm.BeL0R5n3H22JqzWfRdp7apiAFeRuBJtuJ7mnLQq9qKcuciWEGbUycZ0Zc2UfIiDqhJEX4mBwZ8FRnFv.SQv3NvLgQo.GpPWB4ZWtk60hEm_gIrtmHMQkfPAMf_zs.qQPiE7QJluVM9SUGyVxRupS8m8zU9Rud6sOYKzpzJeA9wI7IkgE2PWHhn_U8SsU_PF7cyMH9gvRfpt6rUZuyzTtqFuksv64eeFqOAhXWUYD8zt8RjaoaH3ETdeUSAX3z6QtvwWVyJIh46PtClBrOTN833V6gOZGfXQeJCf3YRgFjj13uy192tghdT_d0ltOGiKMOfQQY.GKcxQ3TAKfbMe2Y5rNHZxt40qisCOPYx7wk1v5..bUYGiHvfwp_Rn63dTSz1CBmOXPNTZ53qJ77HtCGRBLu5U2yhzbEq8qM_Zb.Yyy1Vl7OFHPDnaHKvUBM312O3qlpdCDXmTFW0uYDk6rQDMHOfasM14FAJPZj0fD93M5teorUHjNzmiCf7pCYJdcix73sTNNKJe0K.gGWJ8I4YKa1Yg0XPp6fIk9XFiVuLMUiJSqeO_Iyk1Bu7E7CMA.E20eppk.tjyCsp7BRrQzdYnWDpoUf0lGWZzkvUXXl82S9d1IUzX08RtCEchClGPF.WA4HJJLuQl7Ledx8kIygzcwdCzYeJb3h4Jx_2JI1XHy8NmUNjD00wJJZjAV56859OvUasCiScdWXmpL4EsdkbMTuYyV2KRSNGC5q.MC5aNwyuWN4DI9RRi3514Zxcr.ruOoK0K09hbmqyuOSeICpqQjQJ5I.kKr4gKZZtUOedMrunadYUybcLMykEK.Uskf4gKRQDkLJfVjI1ufiZ952LnEfAnXFzC0eM59qAyXJRRjGCqedCputT.KwcyyYrA0XUFPsn2gfJ8hgE9TMEMw2DJ5jPKD7rUZ04spcQTiyV5UhKvNThOiRe12dBMrifQkmSdE_DJJ6qj0hCGDDpiSmC4EZ9ua_7h7r_wy.FS1Ems6_qCrXLTvN5XJAdQFZmdsJLa7JrsQRNr75yjVQr4gPtlVUqdONUtDCugSbU_F3G.ZLHCd3KLbYp7TAgKCrno_fb6OVg.NlmG46JI7Nq_h99m5Z8UCsJrK6Mx_JqRhsWMbjmUOiKj8V2tVD1uMIdybWuBTLJCkQY11bfDT3HzqNEDzevw1YSJuN96vnSndblCWB1ZXvScB6WqH65Gia0yTWHpMqv_SMLtYjgWjY8JXYt_up2RqlYx6VHU_CA35PkpUWfDPdvK24uBiZWIqTRHwUxfO.4jHCvwdsyVMx_tTNqcx88ZcrJZPw5fVAcICU4gxdmVs3cPBN2h5cPk5cPLc4WAVWemw5g8Wihqry3cP8OBR2nNHhyD0xSxiGgnMlYdQhAXRLey_WSZqNvjINbNm4a2_FbV8WncAZ0DQ8oomDCjv9ukPAKE74mNW.w3i1bIHElCSgrHCfAKhv40RngDcLFbbrFQ8J1RestUJqNfJxvqWKzJt2gOQyG1UhvcTbXfvpuRVmY3HGPQs40uYo4anywF2WUp.0Wel3rCR0ujOKXUVwIQi_ADElxJ129HPDS6pTGGsyX8QmELQn5OAj3hmdPm2jt14u8UL8bclAFAcdJuGISsZ2x7Ef2gS.Gd8UBPeo7HBJ1m1wcO5ifiWi63pvqqv_0cuy7V5gxOtgS0U3pqjYS.rkd3Nbcuzf1xwj4NZpS0faJnw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134b69e2a175cd6';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=body%20mass%20index&__cf_chl_rt_tk=_eRn779cV4cM2EJSdR6ba5ND61dn.5rfdhc6TirMoL4-1739784150-1.0.1.1-DH1lH7VUeiafWgkIkWfHcGuYidS4hZnEqgVR7jVN9ts" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>