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Abebe</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Henok Girma Abebe"> <meta name="keywords" content="Henok Girma Abebe"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Henok Girma Abebe"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 73</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Henok Girma Abebe</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> A Systematic Categorization of Arguments against the Vision Zero Goal: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Girma%20Abebe">Henok Girma Abebe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Vision Zero is a long-term goal of preventing all road traffic fatalities and serious injuries which was first adopted in Sweden in 1997. It is based on the assumption that death and serious injury in the road system is morally unacceptable. In order to approach this end, vision zero has put in place strategies that are radically different from the traditional safety work. The vision zero, for instance, promoted the adoption of the best available technology to promote safety, and placed the ultimate responsibility for traffic safety on system designers. Despite Vision Zero’s moral appeal and its expansion to different safety areas and also parts of the world, important philosophical concerns related to the adoption and implementation of the vision zero remain to be addressed. Moreover, the vision zero goal has been criticized on different grounds. The aim of this paper is to identify and systematically categorize criticisms that have been put forward against vision zero. The findings of the paper are solely based on a critical analysis of secondary sources and snowball method is employed to identify the relevant philosophical and empirical literatures. Two general categories of criticisms on the vision zero goal are identified. The first category consists of criticisms that target the setting of vision zero as a ‘goal’ and some of the basic assumptions upon which the goal is based. Among others, the goal of achieving zero fatalities and serious injuries, together with vision zero’s lexicographical prioritization of safety has been criticized as unrealistic. The second category consists of criticisms that target the strategies put in place to achieve the goal of zero fatalities and serious injuries. For instance, Vision zero’s responsibility ascription for road safety and its rejection of cost-benefit analysis in the formulation and adoption of safety measures has both been criticized as counterproductive. In this category also falls the criticism that Vision Zero safety measures tend to be too paternalistic. Significant improvements have been recorded in road safety work since the adoption of vision zero, however, for the vision zero to even succeed more, it is important that issues and criticisms of philosophical nature associated with it are identified and critically dealt with. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criticisms" title="criticisms">criticisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20approach" title=" systems approach"> systems approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20safety" title=" traffic safety"> traffic safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vision%20zero" title=" vision zero"> vision zero</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97167/a-systematic-categorization-of-arguments-against-the-vision-zero-goal-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Psychological Distress and Associated Factors among Patients Attending Orthopedic Unit of at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Ethiopia, 2022</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chalachew%20Kassaw">Chalachew Kassaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Ababu"> Henok Ababu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bethelhem%20Sileshy"> Bethelhem Sileshy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lulu%20Abebe"> Lulu Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Birhanie%20Mekuriaw"> Birhanie Mekuriaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Psychological discomfort is a state of emotional distress caused by everyday stressors and obligations that are difficult to manage. Orthopedic trauma has a wide range of effects on survivors' physical health, as well as a variety of mental health concerns that impede recovery. Psychiatric and behavioral conditions are 3-5 times more common in people who have undergone physical trauma, and they are a predictor of poor outcomes. Despite the above facts, there is a shortage of research done on the subject. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of psychological distress and associated factor among patients attending orthopedic treatment at Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia 2022. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Dilla University Referral Hospital from October –November 2022. The data was collected via a face-to-face interview, and the Kessler psychological distress scale (K-10) was used to assess psychological distress. A total of 386 patients receiving outpatient and inpatient services at the orthopedic unit were chosen using a simple random selection technique. A Statistical Package for the Social Science version 21 (SPSS-21) was used to enter and evaluate the data. To find related factors, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regressions were used. Variables having a p-value of less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant. Result: A total of 386 participants with a response rate of 94.8% were included in the study. Out of all respondents, 114 (31.4%) of the individuals have experienced psychological distress. Independent variables such as Females [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=5.8, 95%CI=(4.6-15.6)], Average monthly income of <3500 birrs [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =4.8, 95% CI=(2.4-9.8) ], Current history of substance use [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =2.6, 95% CI=(1.66-4.7)], Strong social support [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.4, 95% CI= 0.4(0.2-0.8)], and Poor sleep quality (PSQI score>5) [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.0, 95%CI= 2.0(1.2-2.8)] were significantly associated with psychological distress. Conclusion: The prevalence of psychological distress was high. Being female, having poor social support, and having a high PSQI score were significantly associated factors with psychological distress. It is good if clinicians emphasize orthopedic patients, especially females and those having poor social support and low sleep quality symptoms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20distress" title="psychological distress">psychological distress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthopedic%20unit" title=" orthopedic unit"> orthopedic unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilla%20University%20hospital" title=" Dilla University hospital"> Dilla University hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilla%20Town" title=" Dilla Town"> Dilla Town</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Southern%20Ethiopia" title=" Southern Ethiopia"> Southern Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163582/psychological-distress-and-associated-factors-among-patients-attending-orthopedic-unit-of-at-dilla-university-referral-hospital-in-ethiopia-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Determinants of Repeated Abortion among Women of Reproductive Age Attending Health Facilities in Northern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Yebyo%20Henok">Henok Yebyo Henok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Araya%20Abrha%20Araya"> Araya Abrha Araya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Bayray%20Alemayehu"> Alemayehu Bayray Alemayehu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gelila%20Goba%20Gelila"> Gelila Goba Gelila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Every year, an estimated 19–20 million unsafe abortions take place, almost all in developing countries, leading to 68,000 deaths and millions more injured many permanently. Many women throughout the world, experience more than one abortion in their lifetimes. Repeat abortion is an indicator of the larger problem of unintended pregnancy. This study aimed to identify determinants of repeat abortion in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Methods: Unmatched case-control study was conducted in hospitals in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia, from November 2014 to June 2015. The sample included 105 cases and 204 controls, recruited from among women seeking abortion care at public hospitals. Clients having two or more abortions (“repeat abortion”) were taken as cases, and those who had a total of one abortion were taken as controls (“single abortion”). Cases were selected consecutive based on proportional to size allocation while systematic sampling was employed for controls. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Binary and multiple variable logistic regression analyses were calculated with 95% CI. Results: Mean age of cases was 24 years (±6.85) and 22 years (±6.25) for controls. 79.0% of cases had their sexual debut in less than 18 years of age compared to 57% of controls. 42.2% of controls and 23.8% of cases cited rape as the reason for having an abortion. Study participants who did not understand their fertility cycle and when they were most likely to conceive after menstruation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-3.7), having a previous abortion using medication(AOR=3.3, CI: 1.83, 6.11), having multiple sexual partners in the preceding 12 months (AOR=4.4, CI: 2.39,8.45), perceiving that the abortion procedure is not painful (AOR=2.3, CI: 1.31,4.26), initiating sexual intercourse before the age of 18 years (AOR=2.7, CI: 1.49, 5.23) and disclosure to a third-party about terminating the pregnancy (AOR=2.1, CI: 1.2,3.83) were independent predictors of repeat abortion. Conclusion: This study identified several factors correlated with women having repeat abortions. It may be helpful for the Government of Ethiopia to encourage women to delay sexual debut and decrease their number of sexual partners, including by promoting discussion within families about sexuality, to decrease the occurrence of repeated abortion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abortion" title="abortion">abortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeated%20abortion" title=" repeated abortion"> repeated abortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20abortion" title=" single abortion"> single abortion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62830/determinants-of-repeated-abortion-among-women-of-reproductive-age-attending-health-facilities-in-northern-ethiopia-a-case-control-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Wireless Network and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Mezemr%20Besfat">Henok Mezemr Besfat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haftom%20Gebreslassie%20Gebregwergs"> Haftom Gebreslassie Gebregwergs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> wireless network is one of the most important mediums of transmission of information from one device to another devices. Wireless communication has a broad range of applications, including mobile communications through cell phones and satellites, Internet of Things (IoT) connecting several devices, wireless sensor networks for traffic management and environmental monitoring, satellite communication for weather forecasting and TV without requiring any cable or wire or other electronic conductors, by using electromagnetic waves like IR, RF, satellite, etc. This paper summarizes different wireless network technologies, applications of different wireless technologies and different types of wireless networks. Generally, wireless technology will further enhance operations and experiences across sectors with continued innovation. This paper suggests different strategies that can improve wireless networks and technologies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20senser" title="wireless senser">wireless senser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20technology" title=" wireless technology"> wireless technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20network" title=" wireless network"> wireless network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186581/wireless-network-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> A Safety-Door for Earthquake Disaster Prevention - Part II</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The safety of door has not given much attention. The main problem of doors during and after earthquake is that they are unable to be opened because deviation from its original position by the lateral load. The aim of this research is to develop and evaluate a safety door that keeps the door frame in its original position or keeps its edge angles perpendicular during and post-earthquake. Nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the structural performance and behavior of the proposed door under both monotonic and cyclic loading. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety-door" title="safety-door">safety-door</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake%20disaster" title=" earthquake disaster"> earthquake disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20yield%20point%20steel" title=" low yield point steel"> low yield point steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20energy%20dissipating%20device" title=" passive energy dissipating device"> passive energy dissipating device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FE%20analysis" title=" FE analysis"> FE analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44036/a-safety-door-for-earthquake-disaster-prevention-part-ii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Development and Evaluation of Removable Shear Link with Perforated Web</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this paper is to investigate, through an analytical study, the behavior of both stiffened and un-stiffened removable shear link with perforated web considering different number and size of web openings. Removable shear link with perforated web is a novel shear link beam proposed to be used in eccentrically braced frame (EBF). The proposed link overcomes the difficulties during construction slab due to less cross-sectional areas of the link to control the plastic deformation on the conventional EBF with removable shear link. Finite element analyses were conducted under both cyclic and monotonic loading and from the results obtained design equations are developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eccentrically%20braced%20frame" title="eccentrically braced frame">eccentrically braced frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removable%20shear%20link" title=" removable shear link"> removable shear link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforated%20web" title=" perforated web"> perforated web</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20FE%20analysis" title=" non-linear FE analysis"> non-linear FE analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39370/development-and-evaluation-of-removable-shear-link-with-perforated-web" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Area Exclosure as a Government Strategy to Restore Woody Plant Species Diversity: Case Study in Southern Ethiopia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsegaw%20Abebe">Tsegaw Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temesgen%20Abebe"> Temesgen Abebe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Land degradation is one of a serious environmental challenge in Ethiopia and is one of the major underlying causes for declining agricultural productivity. The Ethiopia government realized the significance of environmental restoration specifically on deforested and degraded land after the 1973 and 1984/85 major famines that struck the country. Among the various conservation strategies, the establishment of area exclosures have been regarded as an effective response to halt and reverse the problems of land degradation. There are limited studies in Ethiopia dealing how the conversion of free grazing lands and degraded lands by closures increase biomass accumulation. However, these studies are not sufficient to conclude about the strength of area closures to restore degraded vegetations at the diverse agro-ecological condition. The overall objective of this study was, therefore, to assess and evaluate the usefulness of area closure technique in enhancing rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and thereby increase the natural capital in the study site (southern Ethiopia). Woody plant species were collected from area exclosure for eight year and adjacent degraded land with similar landscape positions using systematic sampling plot design technique. Woody species diversity was determined by Shannon diversity. Comparative assessment result of woody plant species analysis showed that the density of woody species in the exclosure and degraded site were 778 and 222 individuals per hectare, respectively. A total of 16 woody species, representing 12 families were recorded in the study site. Out of the 12 families, all were recorded in the exclosure while 5 were recorded in the degraded site. Out of the 16 species, 15 were recorded in the exclosure while six were in the degraded site. A total of 10 species were recorded in the exclosure, which were absent in the degraded site. Similarly, one species was recorded in the degraded site which was not present in the exclosure. The results showed that protecting of degraded site from human and animal disturbances promotes woody plant species regenerations and productivity Apart from increasing woody plant species, the local communities have benefited from the exclosure in the form of both products (grass harvesting) and services (ecological). Due to this reason the local communities have positive attitudes and contribute a lot for the success of enclosures in the study site. The present study clearly showed that area closure interventions should be oriented towards managing and improving the productivity of the degraded land, in such a way that both the need for conservation of biodiversity and environmental sustainability, and the demands of the local people for biomass resources can be achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degraded%20land" title="degraded land">degraded land</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exclosure" title=" exclosure"> exclosure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20restoration" title=" land restoration"> land restoration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=woody%20vegetation" title=" woody vegetation"> woody vegetation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16949/area-exclosure-as-a-government-strategy-to-restore-woody-plant-species-diversity-case-study-in-southern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> A New Type Safety-Door for Earthquake Disaster Prevention: Part I</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From the past earthquake events, many people get hurt at the exit while they are trying to go out of the buildings because of the exit doors are unable to be opened. The door is not opened because it deviates from its the original position. The aim of this research is to develop and evaluate a new type safety door that keeps the door frame in its original position or keeps its edge angles perpendicular during and post-earthquake. The proposed door is composed of three components: outer frame joined to the wall, inner frame (door frame) and circular hollow section connected to the inner and outer frame which is used as seismic energy dissipating device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety-door" title="safety-door">safety-door</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake%20disaster" title=" earthquake disaster"> earthquake disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20yield%20point%20steel" title=" low yield point steel"> low yield point steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20energy%20dissipating%20device" title=" passive energy dissipating device"> passive energy dissipating device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FE%20analysis" title=" FE analysis"> FE analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18619/a-new-type-safety-door-for-earthquake-disaster-prevention-part-i" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Improving Water and Sanitation Systems in Rural Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betselot%20Girma%20Argaw">Betselot Girma Argaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The health of people living in rural areas of Ethiopia depends a lot on how good their water and sanitation systems are. Even though there have been efforts to improve these systems, many communities still struggle to get clean water and proper sanitation, which leads to many health problems and unfair conditions. This research looks into the current situation of water and sanitation in rural Ethiopia, focusing on the main challenges that stop these communities from having safe and lasting solutions. By studying current practices, policies, and infrastructure, this paper highlights the areas that need urgent attention. It also reviews successful examples and suggests recommendations that fit the local context. The goal is to offer practical ideas that can help create better strategies to improve the lives of millions of rural Ethiopians, aiming for lasting improvements in water and sanitation in these vulnerable areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Ethiopia%20water" title="rural Ethiopia water">rural Ethiopia water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanitation%20infrastructure" title=" sanitation infrastructure"> sanitation infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20solutions" title=" sustainable solutions"> sustainable solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20accessibility" title=" water accessibility"> water accessibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189293/improving-water-and-sanitation-systems-in-rural-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Analytical Evaluation on Structural Performance and Optimum Section of CHS Damper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeonghyun%20Jang"> Jeonghyun Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to evaluate the effective size, section and structural characteristics of circular hollow steel (CHS) damper. CHS damper is among steel dampers which are used widely for seismic energy dissipation because they are easy to install, maintain and are inexpensive. CHS damper dissipates seismic energy through metallic deformation due to the geometrical elasticity of circular shape and fatigue resistance around connection part. After calculating the effective size, which is found to be height to diameter ratio of √("3"), nonlinear FE analyses were carried out to evaluate the structural characteristics and effective section (diameter-to-ratio). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20hollow%20steel%20damper" title="circular hollow steel damper">circular hollow steel damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20characteristics" title=" structural characteristics"> structural characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20size" title=" effective size"> effective size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20section" title=" effective section"> effective section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20deformation" title=" large deformation"> large deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FE%20analysis" title=" FE analysis"> FE analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33241/analytical-evaluation-on-structural-performance-and-optimum-section-of-chs-damper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Application of Freeze Desalination for Tace elements Removal from Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fekadu%20Melak">Fekadu Melak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsegaye%20Girma%20Asere"> Tsegaye Girma Asere</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Trace element ions, such as Cr(VI) and F−, are of particular interest due to their environmental impact. Both ions exhibit an anionic nature in water that can show similar removal tendencies except for their significant differences in ionic radius. Accordingly, partial freezing was performed to examine freeze separation efficiencies of Cr(VI) and F– from aqueous solutions. Real groundwater and simulated wastewater were included to test effeciency of F– and Cr(VI), respectively. Parameters such as initial ion concentration, salt addition, and freeze duration were explored. Under optimal operating conditions, freeze separation efficiencies of 90 ± 0.12 to 97 ± 0.54% and 58 ± 0.23% to 60 ± 0.34% from 5 mg/L of Cr(VI) and F–, respectively, were demonstrated. The F– ion intercalation into the ice, initiating the decrement of freeze separation efficiency was observed in the salt addition processes. The influences of structuring-destructuring (kosmotropicity-chaotropicity) and the size-exclusion nature of ice crystals were used to explain the plausible mechanism in freeze separation efficiency trace elemental ions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cr%28VI%29" title="Cr(VI)">Cr(VI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F-" title=" F-"> F-</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20freezing" title=" partial freezing"> partial freezing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size%20exclusion" title=" size exclusion"> size exclusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156289/application-of-freeze-desalination-for-tace-elements-removal-from-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Passive Seismic Energy Dissipation Mechanisms for Smart Green Structural System (SGSS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design philosophy of building structure has been changing over time. The reason behind this is an increase in human interest regarding the improvements in building materials and technology that will affect how we live, the aim to speed up construction period, and the environmental effect which includes earthquakes and other natural disasters. One technique which takes into account the above case is using a prefabricable structural system, in which each and every structural element is designed and prefabricated and assembled on a site so that the construction speed is increased and the environmental impact is also enhanced. This system has immense advantages such as reduced construction cost, reusability, recyclability, faster construction period and less enviromental effect. In this study, some of the developed and evaluated structural elements of building structures are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eccentrically%20braced%20frame" title="eccentrically braced frame">eccentrically braced frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20disaster" title=" natural disaster"> natural disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prefabricable%20structural%20system" title=" prefabricable structural system"> prefabricable structural system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removable%20link" title=" removable link"> removable link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SGSS" title=" SGSS"> SGSS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24787/passive-seismic-energy-dissipation-mechanisms-for-smart-green-structural-system-sgss" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Evaluation on Effective Size and Hysteresis Characteristics of CHS Damper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to evaluate the effective size and hysteresis characteristics of Circular Hollow Steel (CHS) damper. CHS damper is among steel dampers which are used widely for seismic energy dissipation because they are easy to install, maintain and are low cost. CHS damper dissipates seismic energy through metallic deformation due to the geometrical elasticity of circular shape and fatigue resistance around connection part. After calculating the effective size, which is found to be height to diameter ratio of √ ("3”), nonlinear FE analyses were conducted to evaluate the hysteresis characteristics. To verify the analysis simulation quasi static loading was carried out and the result was compared and satisfactory result was obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SS400%20steel" title="SS400 steel">SS400 steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20hollow%20steel%20damper" title=" circular hollow steel damper"> circular hollow steel damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20size" title=" effective size"> effective size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi%20static%20loading" title=" quasi static loading"> quasi static loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FE%20analysis" title=" FE analysis"> FE analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5963/evaluation-on-effective-size-and-hysteresis-characteristics-of-chs-damper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Adaptation and Validation of the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Metaferia%20Gebremariam">Henok Metaferia Gebremariam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Worldwide, considerable resources are spent implementing public health interventions that are interrupted soon after the initial funding ends. However, ambiguity remains as to how health programs can be effectively sustained over time because of the diversity of perspectives, definitions, study methods, outcomes measures and timeframes. From all the above-mentioned research challenges, standardized measures of sustainability should ultimately become a key research issue. To resolve this key challenge, the objective of the study was to adapt a tool for measuring the program’s capacity for sustainability and evaluating its reliability and validity. To adapt and validate the tool, a cross-sectional and cohort study design was conducted at 26 programs in Addis Ababa between September 2014 and May 2015. An adapted version of the tool after the pilot test was administered to 220 staff. The tool was analyzed for reliability and validity. Results show that a 40-item PSAT tool had been adapted into the Amharic version with good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha= 0.80), test-retest reliability(r=0.916) and construct validity. Factor analysis resulted in 7 components explaining 56.67 % of the variance. In conclusion, it was found that the Amharic version of PAST was a reliable and valid tool for measuring the program’s capacity for sustainability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=program%20sustainability" title="program sustainability">program sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health%20interventions" title=" public health interventions"> public health interventions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185849/adaptation-and-validation-of-the-program-sustainability-assessment-tool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Transforming Construction Companies into Full-Fledged Project-Based Organizations: Case of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Asfaw%20Hailu">Henok Asfaw Hailu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20D.%20Rwelamila"> P. D. Rwelamila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creating a suitable environment for successful projects needs a rethink of the organisational design of the parent organisations. A Project-based organisation (PBO) is a unique organizational form suitable for implementing and managing business activities around projects. A construction firm is inherently a PBO as it executes most of its activities through projects. PBO design and development require an empirical foundation. This study aimed to fill this gap by developing a conceptual model to help transform Ethiopian construction firms (ECFs) into full-fledged PBOs by assimilating the required PBO characteristics. The study used an exploratory QUAL-quant research design approach. A thematic content analysis was performed to analyse the qualitative (Interviews) research data. Means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were used to analyse the quantitative data. A transformational conceptual model was proposed and illustrated that transformation needs to begin by assessing the environment, strategic documents, and PBO characteristics. Assimilating missing PBO characteristics into ECFs is vital to realise organisations’ transformation into full-fledged PBOs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project-based%20organization" title="project-based organization">project-based organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20design" title=" organizational design"> organizational design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensions" title=" dimensions"> dimensions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20firms" title=" construction firms"> construction firms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169618/transforming-construction-companies-into-full-fledged-project-based-organizations-case-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Determinants of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Patients Who Underwent First-Line Treatment in Addis Ababa: A Case Control Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Hirpa">Selamawit Hirpa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girmay%20Medhin"> Girmay Medhin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belaineh%20Girma"> Belaineh Girma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muluken%20Melese"> Muluken Melese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Mekonen"> Alemayehu Mekonen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Suarez"> Pedro Suarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gobena%20Ameni"> Gobena Ameni </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Worldwide, there were 650,000 multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases in 2010. Ethiopia is 15th among the 27 MDR-TB high-burden countries. A case control study was conducted at St. Peter Hospital and five health centers in Addis Ababa. Cases were MDR-TB patients who were in treatment at St. Peter Hospital during the study period. Controls were patients who were on first-line anti-TB treatment and were registered as cured or having completed treatment in the period 9 April 2009– 28 February 2010, in five health centers. A structured interview questionnaire was used to assess factors that could potentially be associated with the occurrence of MDR-TB. Factors that were significantly associated with MDR-TB: drug side effects during first-line treatment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.5, 95% CI; 1.9 - 10.5); treatment not directly observed by a health worker (AOR = 11.7, 95% CI; 4–34.3); and retreatment with the Category II regimen (P = 0.000). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adherence%20to%20TB%20treatment" title="adherence to TB treatment">adherence to TB treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDR-TB" title=" MDR-TB"> MDR-TB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TB%20treatment" title=" TB treatment"> TB treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TB%20treatment%20regimens" title=" TB treatment regimens "> TB treatment regimens </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2872/determinants-of-multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-in-patients-who-underwent-first-line-treatment-in-addis-ababa-a-case-control-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Analytical Investigation of Replaceable Links with Reduced Web Section for Link-to-Column Connections in Eccentrically Braced Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sijeong%20Jeong"> Sijeong Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of eccentrically braced frame (EBF) is increasing day by day as EBF possesses high elastic stiffness, stable inelastic response under cyclic lateral loading, and excellent ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The ductility and energy dissipation capacity of EBF depends on the active link beams. Recently, there are two types EBFs; these are conventional EBFs and EBFs with replaceable links. The conventional EBF has a disadvantage during maintenance in post-earthquake. The concept of removable active link beam in EBF is developed to overcome the limitation of the conventional EBF in post-earthquake. In this study, a replaceable link with reduced web section is introduced and design equations are suggested. In addition, nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the proposed links. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EBFs" title="EBFs">EBFs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=replaceable%20link" title=" replaceable link"> replaceable link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake%20disaster" title=" earthquake disaster"> earthquake disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20section" title=" reduced section"> reduced section</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52320/analytical-investigation-of-replaceable-links-with-reduced-web-section-for-link-to-column-connections-in-eccentrically-braced-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Assessment of Smart Mechatronics Application in Agriculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sairoel%20Amertet">Sairoel Amertet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girma%20Gebresenbet"> Girma Gebresenbet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart mechatronics systems in agriculture can be traced back to the mid-1980s, when research into automated fruit harvesting systems began in Japan, Europe, and the United States. Since then, impressive advances have been made in smart mechatronics systems. Furthermore, smart mechatronics systems are promising areas, and as a result, we were intrigued to learn more about them. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to examine the smart mechatronic systems that have been applied to agricultural areas so far, with inspiration from the smart mechatronic system in other sectors. To get an overview of the current state of the art, benefits and drawbacks of smart mechatronics systems, various approaches were investigated. Moreover, smart mechatronic modules and various networks applied in agriculture processing were examined. Finally, we explored how the data retrieved using the one-way analysis of variance related to each other. The result showed that there were strongly related keywords for different journals. With the virtually limited use of sophisticated mechatronics in the agricultural industry and, at the same time, the low production rate, the demand for food security has fallen dramatically. Therefore, the application of smart mechatronics systems in agricultural sectors would be taken into consideration in order to overcome these issues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechatronics" title="mechatronics">mechatronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic" title=" robotic"> robotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic%20system" title=" robotic system"> robotic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title=" automation"> automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20mechanism" title=" agriculture mechanism"> agriculture mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165424/assessment-of-smart-mechatronics-application-in-agriculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Phytochemical and Vitamin Composition of Wild Edible Plants Consumed in South West Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abebe%20Yimer">Abebe Yimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirawdink%20Fikereyesus%20Forsido"> Sirawdink Fikereyesus Forsido</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getachew%20Addis"> Getachew Addis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abebe%20Ayelign"> Abebe Ayelign</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Oxidative stress has been an important health problem as itinduceschronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, diabetics, and neurodegenerative disease. Plant source natural antioxidant has gained attention as synthetic antioxidant negatively impact human health. Wild edible plants arecheap source of dietary-medicine in mainly rural communityin south-west Ethiopia and elsewhere the country. Thus, the study aimed to determine total pheneol,flavoinoids, antioxidant, vitamin C, and beta-carotene content from wild edible plants Solanum nigrum L., Vigna membranacea A. Rich, Dioscorea praehensilis Benth., Trilepisium madagascariense D.C.andCleome gynandra L. Methods: Methanol was used to extract samples of oven-dried edible plants. Total phenolic compound (TPC) was determined using a Folin Ciocalteu method, whereas total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined using the Aluminium chloride colorimetric method. By using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) tests, antioxidant activities were evaluated in vitro. Additionally, beta-carotene was assessed using a spectrophotometric technique, whilst vitamin C was determined using a titration approach. Results: Total flavonoid contentranged from 0.85±0.03 to 11.25±0.01 mg CE/g in D. praehensilis Benth. tuber and C. gynandra L, respectively. Total phenolic compounds varied from 0.25±0.06 GAE/g in D. praehensilis Benth tuber to 35.73±2.52 GAE/g in S.nigrum L. leaves. In the DPPH test, the highest antioxidant value (87.65%) was obtained in the S.nigrum L. leaves, whereas the smallest amount of antioxidant (50.12%)was contained in D. praehensilis Benth tuber. Similarly in FRAP assay,D. praehensilis Benth tuber showed the least reducing potential(49.16± 2.13mM Fe2+/100 g)whilst the highest reducing potential was presented in the S.nigrum L. leaves(188.12±1.13 mM Fe2+/100 g). The beta-carotene content was found between 11.81±0.00 mg/100g in D. praehensilis Benth tubers to 34.49±0.95 mg/100g in V. membranacea A. Rich leaves. The concentration of vitamin C ranged from 10.00±0.61 in D. praehensilis Benth tubers to 45±1.80 mg/100g in V. membranacea A. Rich leaves. The results showed that high positive linear correlations between TPC and TFC of WEPs (r=0.828), as well as between FRAP and total phenolic contents (r = 0.943) and FRAP and vitamin C (r= 0.928). Conclusion: These findings showed the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Solanum nigrum L. and Cleome gynandra L, respectively, are abundant. The outcome may be used as a natural supply of dietary antioxidants, which may be useful in preventing oxidative stress. The study's findings also showed that Vigna membranacea A. Rich leaves were cheap source of vitamin C and beta-carotene for people who consumed these wild green. Additional research on the in vivo antioxidant activity, toxicological analysis, and promotion of these wild food plants for agricultural production should be taken into consideration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-carotene" title=" beta-carotene"> beta-carotene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoids" title=" flavonoids"> flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20content" title=" phenolic content"> phenolic content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20vitamin%20c" title=" and vitamin c"> and vitamin c</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157035/phytochemical-and-vitamin-composition-of-wild-edible-plants-consumed-in-south-west-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Double Encrypted Data Communication Using Cryptography and Steganography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adine%20Barett">Adine Barett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jermel%20Watson"> Jermel Watson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anteneh%20Girma"> Anteneh Girma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kacem%20Thabet"> Kacem Thabet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In information security, secure communication of data across networks has always been a problem at the forefront. Transfer of information across networks is susceptible to being exploited by attackers engaging in malicious activity. In this paper, we leverage steganography and cryptography to create a layered security solution to protect the information being transmitted. The first layer of security leverages crypto- graphic techniques to scramble the information so that it cannot be deciphered even if the steganography-based layer is compromised. The second layer of security relies on steganography to disguise the encrypted in- formation so that it cannot be seen. We consider three cryptographic cipher methods in the cryptography layer, namely, Playfair cipher, Blowfish cipher, and Hills cipher. Then, the encrypted message is passed through the least significant bit (LSB) to the steganography algorithm for further encryption. Both encryption approaches are combined efficiently to help secure information in transit over a network. This multi-layered encryption is a solution that will benefit cloud platforms, social media platforms and networks that regularly transfer private information such as banks and insurance companies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptography" title="cryptography">cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steganography" title=" steganography"> steganography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layered%20security" title=" layered security"> layered security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cipher" title=" Cipher"> Cipher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encryption" title=" encryption"> encryption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168479/double-encrypted-data-communication-using-cryptography-and-steganography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Bank Specialization and Credit Risk: Evidence from Global Financial Crisis Shock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lemu%20Abebe%20Geleta">Lemu Abebe Geleta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, it compare the performance of banks and financial services (operational, financial, and market) across four major regions including Asia, Europe, Africa, and North with the extent of sustainability reporting. We examine how the Environment, Social, and Governance score (ESG) and the three pillars such as Return on Assets, Return on Equity, and Tobin's (Q) affect the performance of banks using data collected from 3450 observations across 40 different nations over ten years of (2011-2020). it also consider implications for governance, macroeconomics, and specific bank attributes. The results indicate a negative correlation between ESG and operational performance (ROA), financial performance (ROE), and market performance (TQ). The inclusion of diverse political and economic contexts lends distinctiveness to this paper. the findings hold significant theoretical implications for global scholars and policymakers. The limited correlation between ESG, its pillars, and the performance of banks and financial services underscores managerial shortcomings within these sectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bank%20specialization" title="bank specialization">bank specialization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crisis" title=" financial crisis"> financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credit%20risk" title=" credit risk"> credit risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=difference-in-differences" title=" difference-in-differences"> difference-in-differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herfindahl%20hirschman%20index" title=" herfindahl hirschman index"> herfindahl hirschman index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190452/bank-specialization-and-credit-risk-evidence-from-global-financial-crisis-shock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Sustainable Production of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles: Exploring Synthesis Techniques, Formation Mechanisms, and Versatile Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yemane%20Tadesse%20Gebreslassie">Yemane Tadesse Gebreslassie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Gidey%20Gebretnsae"> Henok Gidey Gebretnsae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanotechnology has emerged as a highly promising field of research with wide-ranging applications across various scientific disciplines. In recent years, tin oxide has garnered significant attention due to its intriguing properties, particularly when synthesized in the nanoscale range. While numerous physical and chemical methods exist for producing tin oxide nanoparticles, these approaches tend to be costly, energy-intensive, and involve the use of toxic chemicals. Given the growing concerns regarding human health and environmental impact, there has been a shift towards developing cost-effective and environmentally friendly processes for tin oxide nanoparticle synthesis. Green synthesis methods utilizing biological entities such as plant extracts, bacteria, and natural biomolecules have shown promise in successfully producing tin oxide nanoparticles. However, scaling up the production to an industrial level using green synthesis approaches remains challenging due to the complexity of biological substrates, which hinders the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and formation processes. Thus, this review aims to provide an overview of the various sources of biological entities and methodologies employed in the green synthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles, as well as their impact on nanoparticle properties. Furthermore, this research delves into the strides made in comprehending the mechanisms behind the formation of nanoparticles as documented in existing literature. It also sheds light on the array of analytical techniques employed to investigate and elucidate the characteristics of these minuscule particles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title="nanotechnology">nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tin%20oxide" title=" tin oxide"> tin oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20synthesis" title=" green synthesis"> green synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formation%20mechanisms" title=" formation mechanisms"> formation mechanisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182340/sustainable-production-of-tin-oxide-nanoparticles-exploring-synthesis-techniques-formation-mechanisms-and-versatile-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182340.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> The Role of Named Entity Recognition for Information Extraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girma%20Yohannis%20Bade">Girma Yohannis Bade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Kolesnikova"> Olga Kolesnikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grigori%20Sidorov"> Grigori Sidorov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Named entity recognition (NER) is a building block for information extraction. Though the information extraction process has been automated using a variety of techniques to find and extract a piece of relevant information from unstructured documents, the discovery of targeted knowledge still poses a number of research difficulties because of the variability and lack of structure in Web data. NER, a subtask of information extraction (IE), came to exist to smooth such difficulty. It deals with finding the proper names (named entities), such as the name of the person, country, location, organization, dates, and event in a document, and categorizing them as predetermined labels, which is an initial step in IE tasks. This survey paper presents the roles and importance of NER to IE from the perspective of different algorithms and application area domains. Thus, this paper well summarizes how researchers implemented NER in particular application areas like finance, medicine, defense, business, food science, archeology, and so on. It also outlines the three types of sequence labeling algorithms for NER such as feature-based, neural network-based, and rule-based. Finally, the state-of-the-art and evaluation metrics of NER were presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20role%20of%20NER" title="the role of NER">the role of NER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=named%20entity%20recognition" title=" named entity recognition"> named entity recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20extraction" title=" information extraction"> information extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequence%20labeling%20algorithms" title=" sequence labeling algorithms"> sequence labeling algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=named%20entity%20application%20area" title=" named entity application area"> named entity application area</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174225/the-role-of-named-entity-recognition-for-information-extraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Architecture for Multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based Autonomous Precision Agriculture Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebasa%20Girma">Ebasa Girma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nathnael%20Minyelshowa"> Nathnael Minyelshowa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lebsework%20Negash"> Lebsework Negash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in precision agriculture has seen a huge increase recently. As such, systems that aim to apply various algorithms on the field need a structured framework of abstractions. This paper defines the various tasks of the UAVs in precision agriculture and models them into an architectural framework. The presented architecture is built on the context that there will be minimal physical intervention to do the tasks defined with multiple coordinated and cooperative UAVs. Various tasks such as image processing, path planning, communication, data acquisition, and field mapping are employed in the architecture to provide an efficient system. Besides, different limitation for applying Multi-UAVs in precision agriculture has been considered in designing the architecture. The architecture provides an autonomous end-to-end solution, starting from mission planning, data acquisition, and image processing framework that is highly efficient and can enable farmers to comprehensively deploy UAVs onto their lands. Simulation and field tests show that the architecture offers a number of advantages that include fault-tolerance, robustness, developer, and user-friendliness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-UAVs" title=" multi-UAVs"> multi-UAVs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20agriculture" title=" precision agriculture"> precision agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAVs%20architecture" title=" UAVs architecture"> UAVs architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134133/architecture-for-multi-unmanned-aerial-vehicles-based-autonomous-precision-agriculture-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Automatic Assignment of Geminate and Epenthetic Vowel for Amharic Text-to-Speech System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Anberbir">Tadesse Anberbir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20Bankole"> Felix Bankole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomio%20Takara"> Tomio Takara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girma%20Mamo"> Girma Mamo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the development of a text-to-speech synthesizer, automatic derivation of correct pronunciation from the grapheme form of a text is a central problem. Particularly deriving phonological features which are not shown in orthography is challenging. In the Amharic language, geminates and epenthetic vowels are very crucial for proper pronunciation but neither is shown in orthography. In this paper, we proposed and integrated a morphological analyzer into an Amharic Text-to-Speech system, mainly to predict geminates and epenthetic vowel positions, and prepared a duration modeling method. Amharic Text-to-Speech system (AmhTTS) is a parametric and rule-based system that adopts a cepstral method and uses a source filter model for speech production and a Log Magnitude Approximation (LMA) filter as the vocal tract filter. The naturalness of the system after employing the duration modeling was evaluated by sentence listening test and we achieved an average Mean Opinion Score (MOS) 3.4 (68%) which is moderate. By modeling the duration of geminates and controlling the locations of epenthetic vowel, we are able to synthesize good quality speech. Our system is mainly suitable to be customized for other Ethiopian languages with limited resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amharic" title="Amharic">Amharic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gemination" title=" gemination"> gemination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20synthesis" title=" speech synthesis"> speech synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epenthesis" title=" epenthesis"> epenthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171525/automatic-assignment-of-geminate-and-epenthetic-vowel-for-amharic-text-to-speech-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171525.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Development and Structural Performance Evaluation on Slit Circular Shear Panel Damper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Y.%20Abebe">Daniel Y. Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaehyouk%20Choi"> Jaehyouk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are several types of metal-based devices conceived as dampers for the seismic energy absorber whereby damages to the major structural components could be minimized for both new and existing structures. This paper aimed to develop and evaluate structural performance of slit circular shear panel damper for passive seismic energy protection by inelastic deformation. Structural evaluation was done using commercially available nonlinear FE simulation program. The main parameters considered are: diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratio and slit length-to-width ratio (l/w). Depending on these parameters three different buckling modes and hysteretic behaviors were found: yielding prior to buckling without strength degradation, yielding prior to buckling with strength degradation, and yielding with buckling and strength degradation which forms pinching at initial displacement. The susceptible location at which the possible crack is initiated is also identified for selected specimens using rupture index. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slit%20circular%20shear%20panel%20damper" title="slit circular shear panel damper">slit circular shear panel damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis%20characteristics" title=" hysteresis characteristics"> hysteresis characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20length-to-width%20ratio" title=" slip length-to-width ratio"> slip length-to-width ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D%2Ft%20ratio" title=" D/t ratio"> D/t ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FE%20analysis" title=" FE analysis"> FE analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12193/development-and-structural-performance-evaluation-on-slit-circular-shear-panel-damper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Beyond the 'Human Rights and Development' Discourse: A Quest for a Right to Sustainable Development in International Human Rights Law</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roman%20Girma%20Teshome">Roman Girma Teshome</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The intersection between development and human rights has been the point of scholarly debate for a long time. Consequently, a number of principles, which extend from the right to development to the human rights-based approach to development, have been adopted to understand the dynamics between the two concepts. Despite these attempts, the exact relationship between development and human rights has not been fully discovered yet. However, the inevitable interdependence between the two notions and the idea that development efforts must be undertaken by giving due regard to human rights guarantees has gained momentum in recent years. On the other hand, the emergence of sustainable development as a widely accepted approach in development goals and policies makes this unsettled convergence even more complicated. The place of sustainable development in human rights law discourse and the role of the latter in ensuring the sustainability of development programs call for a systematic study. Hence, this article seeks to explore the relationship between development and human rights, particularly focusing on the place given to sustainable development principles in international human right law. It will further quest whether there is a right to sustainable development recognized therein. Accordingly, the article asserts that the principles of sustainable development are directly or indirectly recognized in various human rights instruments, which provides an affirmative response to the question raised hereinabove. This work, therefore, will make expeditions through international and regional human rights instruments as well as case laws and interpretative guidelines of human rights bodies to prove this hypothesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability" title=" social sustainability"> social sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100285/beyond-the-human-rights-and-development-discourse-a-quest-for-a-right-to-sustainable-development-in-international-human-rights-law" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Energy Analysis of Sugarcane Production: A Case Study in Metehara Sugar Factory in Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wasihun%20Girma%20Hailemariam">Wasihun Girma Hailemariam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy is one of the key elements required for every agricultural activity, especially for large scale agricultural production such as sugarcane cultivation which mostly is used to produce sugar and bioethanol from sugarcane. In such kinds of resource (energy) intensive activities, energy analysis of the production system and looking for other alternatives which can reduce energy inputs of the sugarcane production process are steps forward for resource management. The purpose of this study was to determine input energy (direct and indirect) per hectare of sugarcane production sector of Metehara sugar factory in Ethiopia. Total energy consumption of the production system was 61,642 MJ/ha-yr. This total input energy is a cumulative value of different inputs (direct and indirect inputs) in the production system. The contribution of these different inputs is discussed and a scenario of substituting the most influential input by other alternative input which can replace the original input in its nutrient content was discussed. In this study the most influential input for increased energy consumption was application of organic fertilizer which accounted for 50 % of the total energy consumption. Filter cake which is a residue from the sugar production in the factory was used to substitute the organic fertilizer and the reduction in the energy consumption of the sugarcane production was discussed <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20analysis" title="energy analysis">energy analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20fertilizer" title=" organic fertilizer"> organic fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20management" title=" resource management"> resource management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane" title=" sugarcane"> sugarcane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112638/energy-analysis-of-sugarcane-production-a-case-study-in-metehara-sugar-factory-in-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Hate Speech Detection Using Machine Learning: A Survey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edemealem%20Desalegn%20Kingawa">Edemealem Desalegn Kingawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kafte%20Tasew%20Timkete"> Kafte Tasew Timkete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mekashaw%20Girmaw%20Abebe"> Mekashaw Girmaw Abebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terefe%20Feyisa"> Terefe Feyisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abiyot%20Bitew%20Mihretie"> Abiyot Bitew Mihretie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Senait%20Teklemarkos%20Haile"> Senait Teklemarkos Haile</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, hate speech is a growing challenge for society, individuals, policymakers, and researchers, as social media platforms make it easy to anonymously create and grow online friends and followers and provide an online forum for debate about specific issues of community life, culture, politics, and others. Despite this, research on identifying and detecting hate speech is not satisfactory performance, and this is why future research on this issue is constantly called for. This paper provides a systematic review of the literature in this field, with a focus on approaches like word embedding techniques, machine learning, deep learning technologies, hate speech terminology, and other state-of-the-art technologies with challenges. In this paper, we have made a systematic review of the last six years of literature from Research Gate and Google Scholar. Furthermore, limitations, along with algorithm selection and use challenges, data collection, and cleaning challenges, and future research directions, are discussed in detail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amharic%20hate%20speech" title="Amharic hate speech">Amharic hate speech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning%20approach" title=" deep learning approach"> deep learning approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hate%20speech%20detection%20review" title=" hate speech detection review"> hate speech detection review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afaan%20Oromo%20hate%20speech%20detection" title=" Afaan Oromo hate speech detection"> Afaan Oromo hate speech detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163615/hate-speech-detection-using-machine-learning-a-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change on Maize (Zea Mays) Yield in Central Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takele%20Nemomsa">Takele Nemomsa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girma%20Mamo"> Girma Mamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Balemi"> Tesfaye Balemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or variance of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. In Ethiopia; Maize production in relation to climate change at regional and sub- regional scales have not been studied in detail. Thus, this study was aimed to analyse the impact of climate change on maize yield in Ambo Districts, Central Ethiopia. To this effect, weather data, soil data and maize experimental data for Arganne hybrid were used. APSIM software was used to investigate the response of maize (Zea mays) yield to different agronomic management practices using current and future (2020s–2080s) climate data. The climate change projections data which were downscaled using SDSM were used as input of climate data for the impact analysis. Compared to agronomic practices the impact of climate change on Arganne in Central Ethiopia is minute. However, within 2020s-2080s in Ambo area; the yield of Arganne hybrid is projected to reduce by 1.06% to 2.02%, and in 2050s it is projected to reduce by 1.56 While in 2080s; it is projected to increase by 1.03% to 2.07%. Thus, to adapt to the changing climate; farmers should consider increasing plant density and fertilizer rate per hectare. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APSIM" title="APSIM">APSIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downscaling" title=" downscaling"> downscaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response" title=" response"> response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDSM" title=" SDSM "> SDSM </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49392/analysis-of-the-impact-of-climate-change-on-maize-zea-mays-yield-in-central-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> 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