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id="toc-First_Austrian_Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Austrian_Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>First Austrian Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Austrian_Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French_Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>French Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-End_of_the_Republic_of_Ragusa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#End_of_the_Republic_of_Ragusa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>End of the Republic of Ragusa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-End_of_the_Republic_of_Ragusa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalmatia_under_the_French" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalmatia_under_the_French"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Dalmatia under the French</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalmatia_under_the_French-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_Austrian_Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_Austrian_Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Second Austrian Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_Austrian_Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Italian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Italian National Revival in Dalmatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Croatian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Croatian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Croatian National Revival in Dalmatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Croatian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflict_between_People's_and_Autonomist_parties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflict_between_People's_and_Autonomist_parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Conflict between People's and Autonomist parties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflict_between_People's_and_Autonomist_parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serbo-Croatian_split" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serbo-Croatian_split"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>Serbo-Croatian split</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serbo-Croatian_split-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.5</span> <span>First World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographic_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographic_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Demographic history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographic_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographic history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographic_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1818–1857" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1818–1857"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1818–1857</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1818–1857-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1880" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1880"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1880</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1880-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1900</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1910" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1910"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1910</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1910-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_subdivisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_subdivisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Administrative subdivisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_subdivisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Governors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dalmatian_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalmatian_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Dalmatian Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalmatian_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reichsrat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reichsrat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Reichsrat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reichsrat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kingdom of Dalmatia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مملكة دلماسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مملكة دلماسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_de_Dalmacia" title="Reinu de Dalmacia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinu de Dalmacia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalmatiya_krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Dalmatiya krallığı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dalmatiya krallığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кралство Далмация – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кралство Далмация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevina_Dalmacija" title="Kraljevina Dalmacija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kraljevina Dalmacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalmatsk%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Dalmatské království – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dalmatské království" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongeriget_Dalmatien" title="Kongeriget Dalmatien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kongeriget Dalmatien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Dalmatien" title="Königreich Dalmatien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Königreich Dalmatien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalmaatsia_kuningriik" title="Dalmaatsia kuningriik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dalmaatsia kuningriik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Βασίλειο της Δαλματίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βασίλειο της Δαλματίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_de_Dalmacia" title="Reino de Dalmacia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino de Dalmacia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_de_Dalmatie" title="Royaume de Dalmatie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume de Dalmatie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%AC%EB%A7%88%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%84_%EC%99%95%EA%B5%AD" title="달마티아 왕국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="달마티아 왕국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevina_Dalmacija" title="Kraljevina Dalmacija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kraljevina Dalmacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Dalmasia" title="Kerajaan Dalmasia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajaan Dalmasia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_di_Dalmazia" title="Regno di Dalmazia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno di Dalmazia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%93%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%94" title="ממלכת דלמטיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממלכת דלמטיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="დალმაციის სამეფო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დალმაციის სამეფო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Далмация патшалығы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Далмация патшалығы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalm%C3%A1t_Kir%C3%A1lys%C3%A1g_(1815%E2%80%931918)" title="Dalmát Királyság (1815–1918) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dalmát Királyság (1815–1918)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кралство Далмација – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кралство Далмација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkrijk_Dalmati%C3%AB" title="Koninkrijk Dalmatië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koninkrijk Dalmatië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%81%E3%82%A2%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="ダルマチア王国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダルマチア王国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_Dalmacji" title="Królestwo Dalmacji – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królestwo Dalmacji" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regatul_Dalma%C8%9Biei" title="Regatul Dalmației – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regatul Dalmației" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Королевство Далмация – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Королевство Далмация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbret%C3%ABria_e_Dalmacis%C3%AB" title="Mbretëria e Dalmacisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mbretëria e Dalmacisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevina_Dalmacija" title="Kraljevina Dalmacija – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Kraljevina Dalmacija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevina_Dalmacija" title="Kraljevina Dalmacija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kraljevina Dalmacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungariket_Dalmatien" title="Kungariket Dalmatien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kungariket Dalmatien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ราชอาณาจักรแดลเมเชีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชอาณาจักรแดลเมเชีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Подшоҳии Далмотия – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Подшоҳии Далмотия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&params=44.1167_N_15.2167_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°07′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">15°13′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.1167°N 15.2167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.1167; 15.2167</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former lands of Austria and Austria-Hungary</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Kingdom of Dalmatia</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">Kraljevina Dalmacija</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>)</span><br /><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Regno di Dalmazia</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>)</span><br /><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Königreich Dalmatien</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1797–1805<br />1815–1918</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Dalmatia"><img alt="Flag of Dalmatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Dalmatia" title="Flag of Dalmatia">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_Dalmatia_1797-1918.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Dalmatia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Dalmatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_Dalmatia_1797-1918.png/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_Dalmatia_1797-1918.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_Dalmatia_1797-1918.png/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_Dalmatia_1797-1918.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_Dalmatia_1797-1918.png/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_Dalmatia_1797-1918.png 2x" data-file-width="987" data-file-height="1552" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia" title="Coat of arms of Dalmatia"> Coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalmatien_Donaumonarchie.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Dalmatia (red) in Austria-Hungary, 1914"><img alt="Dalmatia (red) in Austria-Hungary, 1914" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Dalmatien_Donaumonarchie.png/250px-Dalmatien_Donaumonarchie.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Dalmatien_Donaumonarchie.png/375px-Dalmatien_Donaumonarchie.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Dalmatien_Donaumonarchie.png/500px-Dalmatien_Donaumonarchie.png 2x" data-file-width="674" data-file-height="510" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Dalmatia (red) in Austria-Hungary, 1914</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Crown_land" title="Crown land">Crown land</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> and part of <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Cisleithania" title="Cisleithania">Cisleithania</a></i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">Constitutional monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/King" title="King">King</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1815–1835 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis I of Austria">Francis I</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1835–1848 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand I</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1848–1916 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Joseph_I_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Joseph I of Austria">Francis Joseph I</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1916–1918 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Austria" title="Charles I of Austria">Charles I</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1815–1831 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Franjo_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Franjo Tomašić">Franjo Tomašić</a> (first)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1911–1918 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mario_Attems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mario Attems (page does not exist)">Mario Attems</a> (last)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Dalmatia" title="Diet of Dalmatia">Diet of Dalmatia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_Imperialism" title="New Imperialism">New Imperialism</a> / <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">WWI</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Republic_of_Venice" title="Fall of the Republic of Venice">Fall of the Republic of Venice</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 May 1797</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/State_of_Slovenes,_Croats_and_Serbs" title="State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs">Independence</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">29 October 1918</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_florin" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian florin">Florin</a><br />(1815–1892),<br /><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian crown">Crown</a><br />(1892–1918)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/20px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/30px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/40px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Venetian_Dalmatia" title="Venetian Dalmatia"><b>1797:</b><br />Venetian Dalmatia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces"><b>1815:</b><br />Illyrian Provinces</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)"><b>1805:</b><br />Kingdom of Italy</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Dalmatia" title="Governorate of Dalmatia"><b>1918:</b><br />Governorate of Dalmatia</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia"><b>1920:</b><br />Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Kingdom of Dalmatia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: <i lang="hr">Kraljevina Dalmacija</i>; <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Regno di Dalmazia</i>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Königreich Dalmatien</i>) was a <a href="/wiki/Crown_land" title="Crown land">crown land</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> (1815–1867) and the <a href="/wiki/Cisleithania" title="Cisleithania">Cisleithanian</a> half of <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a> (1867–1918). It encompassed the entirety of the region of <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>, with its capital at <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Croatia" title="Category:History of Croatia">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatia" title="History of Croatia">History of <span class="fn org label">Croatia</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1844" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Early history</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatia_before_the_Croats" title="History of Croatia before the Croats">History of Croatia before the Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Roman Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatia_(Roman_province)" title="Dalmatia (Roman province)">Roman Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogothic Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Heraclian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_hypotheses_of_the_Croats" title="Origin hypotheses of the Croats">Origins of the Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Croatia" title="White Croatia">White Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Croats" title="White Croats">White Croats</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Middle Ages</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avar Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Croatia" title="Duchy of Croatia">Duchy of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavs_in_Lower_Pannonia#Principality" title="Slavs in Lower Pannonia">Lower Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dalmatia#Southern_Dalmatia" title="History of Dalmatia">Southern Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_of_Istria" title="March of Istria">March of Istria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(925%E2%80%931102)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)">Kingdom of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_personal_union_with_Hungary" title="Croatia in personal union with Hungary">Union with Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa" title="Republic of Ragusa">Republic of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Poljica" title="Republic of Poljica">Republic of Poljica</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Modernity</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatia#Croatia_in_the_Habsburg_monarchy_(1527–1918)" title="History of Croatia">Ottoman Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Military_Frontier" title="Croatian Military Frontier">Croatian Military Frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Illyria" title="Kingdom of Illyria">Kingdom of Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Slavonia">Kingdom of Slavonia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kingdom of Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triune_Kingdom" title="Triune Kingdom">Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia-Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia">Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">20th century</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatia_during_World_War_I" title="Croatia during World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Slovenes,_Croats_and_Serbs" title="State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs">State of Slovenes,<br />Croats and Serbs</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_affairs_in_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Croatian affairs in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Banovina_of_Croatia" title="Banovina of Croatia">Banovina of Croatia</a></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">World War II</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia#Names" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Federal State of Croatia</a></span></div></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Socialist Republic of Croatia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Contemporary Croatia</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Croatian War of Independence">War of independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatia_(1995%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Croatia (1995–present)">Croatia since 1995</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa"> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Croatian_history" title="Timeline of Croatian history">Timeline</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/16px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Croatia" title="Portal:Croatia">Croatia portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Croatia" title="Template:History of Croatia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Croatia" title="Template talk:History of Croatia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Croatia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Croatia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a> had annexed the lands of Dalmatia after the Napoleonic <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_First_Coalition" title="War of the First Coalition">War of the First Coalition</a>: when <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> launched his <a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_1796_in_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Campaigns of 1796 in the French Revolutionary Wars">Italian Campaign</a> into the Habsburg duchies of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Mantua" title="Duchy of Mantua">Mantua</a> in 1796, culminating in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mantua_(1796%E2%80%9397)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Mantua (1796–97)">Siege of Mantua</a>, he compelled Emperor <a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis II</a> to make peace. In 1797 the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Treaty of Campo Formio</a> was signed, whereby the Habsburg emperor renounced possession of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Netherlands" title="Austrian Netherlands">Austrian Netherlands</a> and officially recognized the independence of the Italian <a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic" title="Cisalpine Republic">Cisalpine Republic</a>. In turn, Napoleon ceded to him the possessions of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a>, including the Dalmatian coast (<a href="/wiki/Venetian_Dalmatia" title="Venetian Dalmatia">Venetian Dalmatia</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Kotor" title="Bay of Kotor">Bay of Kotor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Venetian_Albania" title="Venetian Albania">Venetian Albania</a>). The Republic of Venice had sided with Austria in order to defend her <i><a href="/wiki/Domini_di_Terraferma" title="Domini di Terraferma">Domini di Terraferma</a></i> and was occupied by French troops on 14 May 1797. The treaty ended the centuries-long history of the Venetian Republic. </p><p>The newly acquired Habsburg crown land stretched from the <a href="/wiki/Rab_(island)" title="Rab (island)">Rab</a> Island and <a href="/wiki/Karlobag" title="Karlobag">Karlobag</a> in the north down the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic</a> coast to <a href="/wiki/Budva" title="Budva">Budva</a> in the south, while the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa" title="Republic of Ragusa">Republic of Ragusa</a> (Dubrovnik) retained its independence until 1808. When in 1804 Francis II created the title of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Austria" title="Emperor of Austria">Emperor of Austria</a> for himself (as Francis I), he also added that of "King of Dalmatia" (<i>Dalmatiae Rex</i>). However, the possessions were again lost after the Austrian defeat in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Battle of Austerlitz</a> and the 1805 <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Pressburg_(1805)" title="Peace of Pressburg (1805)">Peace of Pressburg</a>, when they temporarily formed part of the French <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a>. Not until the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a> in 1814–15 was the Kingdom of Dalmatia formed from the regained territories, now including the former Republic of Ragusa and stretching down to <a href="/wiki/Sutomore" title="Sutomore">Sutomore</a> in the southeast. </p><p>Around 1850, the Austrians had the <a href="/wiki/Prevlaka" title="Prevlaka">Prevlaka</a> fortress erected to control the maritime traffic in the Bay of Kotor. Upon the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Austrian_Empire" title="Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire">Revolutions of 1848</a>, Dalmatia was temporarily under the control of Ban <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Croatia</a>. However, the Italian-speaking elite dominating the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Dalmatia" title="Diet of Dalmatia">Diet of Dalmatia</a> urged autonomy for the kingdom as an Austrian crown land –  against the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_national_revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian national revival">Croatian national revival</a> movement's demand for a <a href="/wiki/Triune_Kingdom" title="Triune Kingdom">Triune Kingdom</a> of Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia. In the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Compromise_of_1867" title="Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867">Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867</a>, a unification with the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia-Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia">Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</a> was denied. While Croatia-Slavonia was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Crown_of_Saint_Stephen" title="Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen">Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen</a>, Dalmatia remained a crown land of the <i>Cislethanian</i> (Austrian) half of the Dual Monarchy. </p><p>The kingdom was a separate administrative division of Austria-Hungary until 1918, when its territory –  except for <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a> and the islands of <a href="/wiki/Lastovo" title="Lastovo">Lastovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palagruza" class="mw-redirect" title="Palagruza">Palagruza</a> which were annexed by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> –  became part of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Slovenes,_Croats_and_Serbs" title="State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs">State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbs,_Croats_and_Slovenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes">Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes</a> (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). As a result of the <a href="/wiki/Vidovdan_Constitution" title="Vidovdan Constitution">Vidovdan Constitution</a> (in 1921), the majority of the kingdom was divided into the Split Oblast and Dubrovnik Oblast, with the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Kotor" title="Bay of Kotor">Bay of Kotor</a> being administratively split off to the largely Montenegrin Zeta Oblast. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Austrian_Administration">First Austrian Administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: First Austrian Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many workers and citizens throughout Dalmatia were revolted by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">fall of the Venetian Republic</a> in 1797. A strong movement for unification of Dalmatia with <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia-Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia">Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</a> emerged. The <a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscans</a> and many other members of the clergy held gatherings, for example in the village of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gornji_Karin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gornji Karin (page does not exist)">Gornji Karin</a>, where they demanded unification.<sup id="cite_ref-mac265_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mac265-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were joined by Archbishop <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lelije_Cipiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lelije Cipiko (page does not exist)">Lelije Cipiko</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Split-Makarska" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska">Split</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Makarska" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Makarska">Bishop of Makarska</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a> clergy. In June 1797, they formed a delegation which planned to travel to Vienna and ask the Emperor to approve unification but they were pre-empted by the Treaty of Campo Formio, so they decided to contact the <a href="/wiki/Ban_of_Croatia" title="Ban of Croatia">Croatian Ban</a> instead.<sup id="cite_ref-mac265_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mac265-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the Treaty of Campo Formio, signed on 18 October 1797 between the <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a>, Venetian territories were divided between the two states with Habsburg Monarchy gaining <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a> and Dalmatia. </p><p>The Austrian army, with about 4,000 soldiers, was led by the Croatian general <a href="/wiki/Mathias_Rukavina_von_Boynograd" title="Mathias Rukavina von Boynograd">Mathias Rukavina von Boynograd</a> in claiming the newly acquired territories. Rukavina, a supporter of the unification of Dalmatia and Croatia-Slavonia, was named Military Governor of Dalmatia. The people and the clergy were delighted to see the arrival of a Croat-led army composed predominantly of ethnic Croats.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992266_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992266-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Dalmatia was treated as a newly conquered territory and so it had no autonomous government but was directly subjected to the government in Vienna. </p><p>In 1798, the Imperial and Royal Government (Croatian: <i lang="hr">Carska i kraljevska Vlada</i>; Italian: <i lang="it">Cesareo Regio Governo</i>), headed by the governor, was founded in Zadar. Members of the government and the governor were appointed by the Emperor and were subordinated to the <i>Imperial and Royal Court Committee for Istria, Dalmatia, and Albania</i> in Venice (Croatian: <i lang="hr">Carsko i kraljevsko dvorsko povjerenstvo za Istru, Dalmaciju i Albaniju</i>; Italian: <i lang="it">Ces. Reg. commissione aulica per l'Istria, Dalmazia ed Albania</i>), and since 1802 to the Viennese Royal Chamber's Section for Dalmatia and the Bay of Kotor (Croatian: <i lang="hr">Sekcija za Dalmaciju i Boku kotorsku Dvorske kancelarije</i>). Dalmatia was divided into administrative-court districts, headed by the rectors and judge-administrators. Seats of the districts were in <a href="/wiki/Cres_(town)" title="Cres (town)">Cres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krk_(town)" title="Krk (town)">Krk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rab_(town)" title="Rab (town)">Rab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pag_(town)" title="Pag (town)">Pag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nin,_Croatia" title="Nin, Croatia">Nin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novigrad,_Zadar_County" title="Novigrad, Zadar County">Novigrad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skradin" title="Skradin">Skradin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinj" title="Sinj">Sinj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trogir" title="Trogir">Trogir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klis" title="Klis">Klis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Omi%C5%A1" title="Omiš">Omiš</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bra%C4%8D" title="Brač">Brač</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hvar_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hvar (city)">Hvar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kor%C4%8Dula_(town)" title="Korčula (town)">Korčula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imotski" title="Imotski">Imotski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makarska" title="Makarska">Makarska</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poljica,_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poljica, Montenegro (page does not exist)">Poljica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metkovi%C4%87" title="Metković">Metković</a>. </p><p>In 1802, the Habsburg court officially rejected the request for the unification of Dalmatia with the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. During its short first administration of Dalmatia, the Austrian government did little to change the existing Venetian system and implemented only limited reforms in education and the judiciary. In 1803, a gymnasium was opened in Zadar. After the Austrian defeat against Napoleon, according to the provisions of the 1805 <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Pressburg_(1805)" title="Peace of Pressburg (1805)">Peace of Pressburg</a>, Dalmatia was handed over to the French, who annexed it to Napoleon's <a href="/wiki/Client_state" title="Client state">client state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a>. That ended the first Austrian administration of Dalmatia. </p><p>From the Middle Ages to the 19th century, Italian and Slavic communities in Dalmatia had lived peacefully side by side because they did not know the national identification, given that they generically defined themselves as "<a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_identity" title="Dalmatian identity">Dalmatians</a>", of "Romance" or "Slavic" culture.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French_Administration">French Administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: French Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the Peace of Pressburg, Napoleon sent General <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Jean_Joseph_Molitor" title="Gabriel Jean Joseph Molitor">Gabriel Jean Joseph Molitor</a> to take over Dalmatia. In February 1806, the French occupied northern Dalmatia down to the <a href="/wiki/Neretva_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Neretva River">Neretva River</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Kotor" title="Bay of Kotor">Bay of Kotor</a>, which was also given to the French by the Peace, was held by the Russians and their Montenegrin allies. In addition, the Russians also occupied the <a href="/wiki/Kor%C4%8Dula" title="Korčula">Korčula</a> and sought to capture the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa" title="Republic of Ragusa">Republic of Ragusa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="End_of_the_Republic_of_Ragusa">End of the Republic of Ragusa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: End of the Republic of Ragusa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa#End_of_the_Republic" title="Republic of Ragusa">Republic of Ragusa § End of the Republic</a></div> <p>According to the provisions of the Peace of Pressburg, France was entitled to all of Dalmatia and the Bay of Kotor. The territory of the Republic of Ragusa (Dubrovnik) cut off terrestrial connection between those French territories.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Napoleon's army on one side, and the weakened <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> on other, the Republic was no longer safe.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 27, 1806, endangered by the Russians, the Republic surrendered without resistance to the French troops. A French force of about 1,200 soldiers under the command of General <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Lauriston" title="Jacques Lauriston">Jacques Lauriston</a> entered the city under the false pretenses.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the entry of the French army into Dubrovnik, war operations in the Ottoman Empire, led by the joint Russian military and Montenegrin paramilitary forces, who were assisted by Serb population from the hinterland, began. At the beginning of October 1806, with the help of General <a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Auguste de Marmont</a>, the hostile Russian army was expelled from the territory of the Dubrovnik Republic. Shortly thereafter, the French took over Dubrovnik's government. The needs of a large number of French troops financially exhausted Dubrovnik. Dubrovnik's mercantile navy was destroyed or lost in the Mediterranean ports, and the once very lucrative trade with the hinterland was interrupted. On January 31, 1808, General Marmont, with Napoleon's approval, dissolved Dubrovnik's Senate and abolished Dubrovnik's independence. After the abolition of the Republic, the Dubrovnik area with Bay of Kotor was subjected to Napoleon's <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a> and between 1810 and 1814 included in the French <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dalmatia_under_the_French">Dalmatia under the French</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Dalmatia under the French"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marmont.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Marmont.jpg/170px-Marmont.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Marmont.jpg/255px-Marmont.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Marmont.jpg/340px-Marmont.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1496" data-file-height="1978" /></a><figcaption>Marshal <a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Auguste de Marmont</a>, military commander of Dalmatia during French rule (1806–1813)</figcaption></figure> <p>Soon after the occupation of Dalmatia, Napoleon appointed General <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Dandolo" title="Vincenzo Dandolo">Vincenzo Dandolo</a> to the position of the <a href="/wiki/Provveditore_generale" class="mw-redirect" title="Provveditore generale">provéditeur général</a> of Dalmatia (appointed on April 28, 1806) and General <a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Auguste de Marmont</a> to the position of a military commander of Dalmatia (appointed on June 12, 1806).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalmatia was administratively linked to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a> whose seat was in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>. On October 14, 1809, Illyrian Provinces were created with the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Sch%C3%B6nbrunn" title="Treaty of Schönbrunn">Treaty of Schönbrunn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Oršolić_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oršolić-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The center of the <i>Dalmatian Government</i> (Italian: <i lang="it">La Proveditura Generale</i>), led by the General Dandolo, was in Zadar. Italian become the official language. Dalmatian interests were advocated (only formally) by the so-called <i>Dalmatian minister without portfolio</i> who worked at the then central government of the Kingdom of Italy in Milan. Ivan Stratico served as a Minister for a long time. <i>Proveditura Generale</i> was divided into six departments (judiciary, internal affairs, finance, military affairs, teaching, accounting) that were led by the <i>department heads</i>. In addition, there were also 1 police and 1 military supervisor. All of them were subordinated to the Secretary-General (Italian: <i lang="it">Segretario Generale</i>) who was Proveditore Generale's right hand. <i>Main Council of Dalmatians</i> (Italian: <i lang="it">Consiglio Generale della Dalmazia</i>) was an advisory body. It was composed of 48 members who were chosen by the Government from the districts, one or more from each, according to the number of districts' inhabitants. The first members were appointed by the Government alone, and after each year 12 of them would resign, after which the Council proposed a list from which the Government would then pick 12 new candidates and appoint them to serve on the council. The council was presided over by the <i>Proveditore Generale</i> and it discussed various subjects relevant for Dalmatia. Councils' conclusions were only valid after <i>Proveditore Generale'</i>s formal confirmation.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The judiciary was separated from the administration. There were 22 local or reconciliatory courts (Italian: <i lang="it">Giudici Locali o di Pace</i>), primarily in all districts, as well as in some other more important areas. Zadar, Split and <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a> were seats of the tribunals which were courts of appeal for local courts and first-instance courts in all civil and criminal cases. Furthermore, a Court of Appeal for Tribunal verdicts was established in Zadar, while the Court in Milan was the Supreme Court (Italian: <i lang="it">Tribunale di Cassazione</i>). The original intention was to introduce French laws (<a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Code" title="Napoleonic Code">Napoleonic Code</a> et al.), but it soon became apparent that this would have been unfeasible due to the popular perceptions and customs, especially in property, inheritance and marital affairs. Therefore, in addition to superior French laws, Austrian and Venetian laws were also implied. The equality of all before the law was introduced as well.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalmatia was territorially divided into counties, districts, municipalities, and villages. According to such division, Dalmatia was divided into four counties: Zadar, Šibenik, Split and Makarska. Zadar County was divided into six districts (<a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krk" title="Krk">Krk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cres" title="Cres">Cres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lo%C5%A1inj" title="Lošinj">Lošinj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rab_(island)" title="Rab (island)">Rab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pag_(town)" title="Pag (town)">Pag</a>), Šibenik County into three (<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skradin" title="Skradin">Skradin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a>), Split County into five (Split, <a href="/wiki/Trogir" title="Trogir">Trogir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinj" title="Sinj">Sinj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nere%C5%BEi%C5%A1%C4%87a" title="Nerežišća">Nerežišća</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hvar" title="Hvar">Hvar</a>) and Makarska into three (<a href="/wiki/Makarska" title="Makarska">Makarska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imotski" title="Imotski">Imotski</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kor%C4%8Dula" title="Korčula">Korčula</a>). County was led by a commissioner (Italian: <i lang="it">Delegato</i>), district by a Vice-commissioner (Italian: <i lang="it">Vice-delegato</i>), municipality by a municipal mayor, and village by an elder captain (Italian: <i lang="it">Capitani-anziani</i>). When the Bay of Kotor was given to France by the 1809 <a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Tilsit" title="Treaties of Tilsit">Treaties of Tilsit</a>, and a year later the Republic of Dubrovnik was abolished, a special <i>Proveditore Generale</i>, Dominik Garagnin, was appointed to rule over four counties (<a href="/wiki/Cavtat" title="Cavtat">Cavtat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ston" title="Ston">Ston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lopud" title="Lopud">Lopud</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kotor" title="Kotor">Kotor</a>) and two districts (<a href="/wiki/Herceg_Novi" title="Herceg Novi">Herceg Novi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Budva" title="Budva">Budva</a>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Franjo_Ksaver_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Franjo_Ksaver_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg/170px-Franjo_Ksaver_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Franjo_Ksaver_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg/255px-Franjo_Ksaver_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Franjo_Ksaver_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg/340px-Franjo_Ksaver_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="867" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Franjo_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Franjo Tomašić">Franjo Tomašić</a>, the first governor of the Kingdom of Dalmatia</figcaption></figure> <p>The new territorial-administrative system has fundamentally redefined the existing Venetian system in Dalmatia. Some forms of governing bodies from the Venetian period were retained, e.g. the position of the <i>Proveditore Generale</i> and in military terms, the reshuffled institutions of territorial forces. During the French rule in Dalmatia, not much has been done for Dalmatian economic prosperity.<sup id="cite_ref-Oršolić_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oršolić-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first feature of the cultural revival of Dalmatia under the French administration was the launch of the bilingual weekly <a href="/wiki/Il_Regio_Dalmata_%E2%80%93_Kraglski_Dalmatin" title="Il Regio Dalmata – Kraglski Dalmatin">Il Regio Dalmata – Kraglski Dalmatin</a>, whose first issue came out on July 12, 1806. Particular attention was devoted to education, as there were virtually no schools in Dalmatia when General Dandolo first arrived. French sought to build road connections with northern Croatia, and partly with Bosnia and Herzegovina. Construction of new roads was probably followed by military-strategic interests (with respect to the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_campaign_of_1807%E2%80%9314" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic campaign of 1807–14">maritime blockade</a> of the Adriatic by England and Russia), but they were also used for economic purposes. Many Dalmatians, especially lower clergymen with the Franciscans at their forehead, hated the French administration, seeing in them "atheists and <a href="/wiki/Jacobin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobin">Jacobins</a>" because the French revoked numerous privileges of some Dalmatian municipalities and corporations trying to modernize Dalmatia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_Austrian_Administration">Second Austrian Administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Second Austrian Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zadar_PortaTerraferma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Zadar_PortaTerraferma.jpg/220px-Zadar_PortaTerraferma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Zadar_PortaTerraferma.jpg/330px-Zadar_PortaTerraferma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Zadar_PortaTerraferma.jpg/440px-Zadar_PortaTerraferma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The city gates to <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a> features the <a href="/wiki/Lion_of_Saint_Mark" title="Lion of Saint Mark">Lion of Saint Mark</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a>. Zadar was the capital of the Kingdom of Dalmatia</figcaption></figure> <p>Already in 1811, the British took over <a href="/wiki/Vis_(island)" title="Vis (island)">Vis</a> from French, and in 1812 <a href="/wiki/Lastovo" title="Lastovo">Lastovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kor%C4%8Dula" title="Korčula">Korčula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pelje%C5%A1ac" title="Pelješac">Pelješac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hvar" title="Hvar">Hvar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cavtat" title="Cavtat">Cavtat</a>, Dubrovnik islands and Split. <a href="/wiki/Kotor" title="Kotor">Kotor</a> was held by the Russians. After Napoleon's defeat in the 1813 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Battle of Leipzig</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> took control of the Illyrian provinces. The takeover of Dalmatia was easily accomplished in the fall of 1813 by General <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Franjo Tomašić">Franjo Tomašić</a> and his troops of 2,900 Croatian soldiers, because the people of Dalmatia, under the leadership of the clergy, especially the Franciscans, met them as liberators. After the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zara_(1813)" title="Siege of Zara (1813)">surrender of Zadar</a> (December 6), General Todor Milutinović went on a military campaign to take over Dubrovnik (succeeding on January 27, 1814) and Bay of Kotor, which he did by June 1814. Thus, territory stretching from <a href="/wiki/Zrmanja" title="Zrmanja">Zrmanja</a> river to the town of <a href="/wiki/Budva" title="Budva">Budva</a> was again subordinated to Vienna. This was confirmed at the 1815 <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baron Tomašić was appointed new Governor of Dalmatia, while the administration was taken over by the newly formed Provincial Government which was led by Tomašić himself. In order to integrate the area between <a href="/wiki/Rab_(island)" title="Rab (island)">Rab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Budva" title="Budva">Budva</a>, the Viennese court has established a special territorial unit – Kingdom of Dalmatia. With the same intent, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XII" title="Pope Leo XII">Pope Leo XII</a> issued <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">papal bull</a> <a href="/wiki/Locum_Beati_Petri" title="Locum Beati Petri">Locum Beati Petri</a> by which he founded unified Zadar <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_(religious_jurisdiction)" title="Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)">metropolis</a> which was superior to all Dalmatian dioceses, including historical Archdioceses of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Split-Makarska" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska">Split</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Dubrovnik" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cosic_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cosic-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the period between 1816 and 1822, all new bodies of central and provincial government were founded in Zadar. The judicial reorganization was carried out as well. These administrative and judicial bodies worked until 1852/1854 and some until 1868, when the whole administration was reformed, when new judicial organs and provincial governing bodies were established. Such organization, with minor changes, remained in force until 1918. By the provisions of the 1861 <a href="/wiki/February_Patent" title="February Patent">February Patent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Dalmatia" title="Diet of Dalmatia">Diet of Dalmatia</a> was founded. Austrians were bringing foreign civil servants to Dalmatia, mostly from Austria and northern Italy (then part of the Monarchy).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992271_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992271-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1832, a new road that went through <a href="/wiki/Velebit" title="Velebit">Velebit</a>'s Mali Alan <a href="/wiki/Mountain_pass" title="Mountain pass">mountain pass</a> was opened. It was the only connection between Dalmatia and continental Croatia. The Austrian government increased the number of schools; by 1839 there were 50, and by 1846 around 150, attended by a third of school children. Croatian language in schools was almost an exception in comparison to Italian. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Italian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia">Italian National Revival in Dalmatia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Italian National Revival in Dalmatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Italians" title="Dalmatian Italians">Dalmatian Italians</a> looked with sympathy towards the <a href="/wiki/Risorgimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Risorgimento">Risorgimento</a> movement that fought for the <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">unification of Italy</a>. However, after 1866, when the <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friuli" title="Friuli">Friuli</a> regions were ceded by the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrians</a> to the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Kingdom Italy</a>, Dalmatia remained part of the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a>, together with other Italian-speaking areas on the eastern Adriatic. This triggered the gradual rise of <a href="/wiki/Italian_irredentism_in_Dalmatia" title="Italian irredentism in Dalmatia">Italian irredentism among many Italians in Dalmatia</a>, who demanded the unification of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Littoral" title="Austrian Littoral">Austrian Littoral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiume" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiume">Fiume</a> and Dalmatia with Italy. The Italians in Dalmatia supported the Italian Risorgimento: as a consequence, the Austrians saw the Italians as enemies and favored the Slav communities of Dalmatia. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VenetianDalmatia1797.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/VenetianDalmatia1797.jpg/220px-VenetianDalmatia1797.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/VenetianDalmatia1797.jpg/330px-VenetianDalmatia1797.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/VenetianDalmatia1797.jpg/440px-VenetianDalmatia1797.jpg 2x" data-file-width="543" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>Austrian linguistic map from 1896. In green the areas where <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</a> were the majority of the population, in orange the areas where <a href="/wiki/Istrian_Italians" title="Istrian Italians">Istrian Italians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Italians" title="Dalmatian Italians">Dalmatian Italians</a> were the majority of the population. The boundaries of <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Dalmatia" title="Venetian Dalmatia">Venetian Dalmatia</a> in 1797 are delimited with blue dots.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the meeting of the Council of Ministers of 12 November 1866, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I of Austria</a> outlined a wide-ranging project aimed at the <a href="/wiki/Germanization" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanization">Germanization</a> or <a href="/wiki/Slavization" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavization">Slavization</a> of the areas of the empire with an Italian presence:<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>His Majesty expressed the precise order that action be taken decisively against the influence of the Italian elements still present in some regions of the Crown and, appropriately occupying the posts of public, judicial, masters employees as well as with the influence of the press, work in <a href="/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdtirol" title="Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol">South Tyrol</a>, Dalmatia and <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Littoral" title="Austrian Littoral">Littoral</a> for the Germanization and Slavization of these territories according to the circumstances, with energy and without any regard. His Majesty calls the central offices to the strong duty to proceed in this way to what has been established.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Franz Joseph I of Austria, Council of the Crown of 12 November 1866<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Dalmatia, especially its maritime cities, once had a substantial local ethnic Italian population (<a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Italians" title="Dalmatian Italians">Dalmatian Italians</a>), making up 33% of the total population of Dalmatia in 1803,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this was reduced to 20% in 1816.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Austrian censuses, the Dalmatian Italians formed 12.5% of the population in 1865,<sup id="cite_ref-:9_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this was reduced to 2.8% in 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Dalmatia there was a constant decline in the Italian population, in a context of repression that also took on violent connotations.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Italian population in Dalmatia was concentrated in the major coastal cities. In the city of <a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a> in 1890 there were 1,969 Dalmatian Italians (12.5% of the population), in <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a> 7,423 (64.6%), in <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a> 1,018 (14.5%), in <a href="/wiki/Kotor" title="Kotor">Kotor</a> 623 (18.7%) and in <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a> 331 (4.6%).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other Dalmatian localities, according to Austrian censuses, Dalmatian Italians experienced a sudden decrease: in the twenty years 1890-1910, in <a href="/wiki/Rab_(island)" title="Rab (island)">Rab</a> they went from 225 to 151, in <a href="/wiki/Vis_(island)" title="Vis (island)">Vis</a> from 352 to 92, in <a href="/wiki/Pag_(island)" title="Pag (island)">Pag</a> from 787 to 23, completely disappearing in almost all the inland locations. </p><p>Until 1909, both <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a> were recognized as official languages in Dalmatia. After 1909, Italian lost its official status, thus it could no longer be used in the public and administrative sphere.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Croatian_National_Revival_in_Dalmatia">Croatian National Revival in Dalmatia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Croatian National Revival in Dalmatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>French and Austrian rule greatly contributed to Croatian national awakening in Dalmatia, which was also influenced by the ideas of the <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_movement" title="Illyrian movement">Illyrian movement</a>, active in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Kingdom of Croatia</a>. In 1835, <a href="/wiki/Bo%C5%BEidar_Petranovi%C4%87" title="Božidar Petranović">Božidar Petranović</a> began printing <i>Serbo-Dalmatian Magazine</i> (Croatian: <i lang="hr">Srbsko-dalmatinski magazin</i>) in Zadar, while in 1844 <a href="/wiki/Ante_Kuzmani%C4%87" title="Ante Kuzmanić">Ante Kuzmanić</a> launched <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zora_dalmatinska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zora dalmatinska (page does not exist)">Zora dalmatinska</a></i> magazine (Dalmatian Dawn) and began working on the linguistic and national awareness of the Dalmatians, which was until then only encouraged by the clergy. <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutionary 1848</a> initially created political division between the <i>markists</i>, who wanted to rebuild the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of St. Mark</a> (Venice), and the <i>monarchists</i>, proponents of the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a>. As wealthy Italians had full control over cities and their assemblies due to the electoral system, proposals of the Croatian Kingdom's county and city assemblies to the "Dalmatian brothers of the same blood and language" for the unification of Dalmatia and Croatia, were rejected. Nevertheless, Croatian national movement was very strong. In response to the <a href="/wiki/Autonomist_Party" title="Autonomist Party">Autonomist Party</a>'s refusal to accept unification, vicars and inhabitants of the <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Hinterland" title="Dalmatian Hinterland">Dalmatian Hinterland</a> sent a letter to the Croatian ban <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a> in which they stated that they were still seeking unification and that its opponents were in the great minority. In December 1848, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I</a> appointed Jelačić Governor of Dalmatia. His appointment was opposed by the Split and Zadar municipalities (both governed by the Autonomist Party), while Croats, especially those in Dubrovnik, met Jelačić with great expectations that were later mostly not fulfilled.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992288_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992288-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jelačić's role remained largely ceremonial, and the Viennese court refused any discussion on the matter of unification. In 1851, ban Jelačić visited Kingdom, and was welcomed with special enthusiasm in <a href="/wiki/Dobrota" title="Dobrota">Dobrota</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to counter the opponents of unification (Italians in particular), Croats were establishing public libraries and cultural societies throughout Dalmatia, mostly under the "Slavic" name. Eventually, Government made the decision by which the Croatian language was taught as a second language in Dalmatian schools. However, there weren't many schools in which the Croatian language was being taught so that's why the Franciscans founded first Croatian gymnasium in 1854 in <a href="/wiki/Sinj" title="Sinj">Sinj</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conflict_between_People's_and_Autonomist_parties"><span id="Conflict_between_People.27s_and_Autonomist_parties"></span>Conflict between People's and Autonomist parties</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Conflict between People's and Autonomist parties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87.jpg/170px-Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87.jpg/255px-Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87.jpg/340px-Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87" title="Mihovil Pavlinović">Mihovil Pavlinović</a>, one of the most prominent advocators of unification of Dalmatia with the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1860, Emperor Franz Joseph I decided to renew the Empire's constitutional and political life so he convened an expanded <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Council_(Austria)" title="Imperial Council (Austria)">Imperial Council</a>. Representatives of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambroz_Vranyczany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambroz Vranyczany (page does not exist)">Ambroz Vranyczany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Josip_Juraj_Strossmayer" title="Josip Juraj Strossmayer">Josip Juraj Strossmayer</a>, raised the question of the unification of the Kingdoms of Croatia-Slavonia and Dalmatia. A representative of Dalmatia, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frane_Borelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frane Borelli (page does not exist)">Frane Borelli</a>, stated that the Italians were indeed a minority in Dalmatia, but that he didn't believe it was the right time for unification. At the time, there were two opposing political parties in Dalmatia: Croatian nationalist liberal <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Dalmatia)" title="People's Party (Dalmatia)">People's Party</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Miho_Klai%C4%87" title="Miho Klaić">Miho Klaić</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mihovil_Pavlinovi%C4%87" title="Mihovil Pavlinović">Mihovil Pavlinović</a>, and Italian nationalist conservative <a href="/wiki/Autonomist_Party" title="Autonomist Party">Autonomist Party</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Bajamonti" title="Antonio Bajamonti">Antonio Bajamonti</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luigi_Lapenno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luigi Lapenno (page does not exist)">Luigi Lapenno</a>. Autonomist Party was supported by the Dalmatian Governor <a href="/wiki/Lazar_Mamula" title="Lazar Mamula">Lazar Mamula</a>, the cities of Zadar and Split, some other smaller cities and municipalities, as well as the Viennese court that feared the weakening of Austria in relation to Croatia-Slavonia and Hungary if the unification happened. People's Party was supported by <a href="/wiki/Stari_Grad,_Croatia" title="Stari Grad, Croatia">Stari Grad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vrboska" title="Vrboska">Vrboska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metkovi%C4%87" title="Metković">Metković</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bol,_Croatia" title="Bol, Croatia">Bol</a>, Dubrovnik and <a href="/wiki/Kotor" title="Kotor">Kotor</a>. The main point of People's Party program was the unification of Dalmatia with Croatia-Slavonia and the introduction of Croatian language in the administration and education. </p><p>On the occasion of the convocation of the <i>Ban's Conference</i> in <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> in 1860, representatives from Dalmatia were invited to discuss unification, but the Autonomist Party, supported by Ante Mamula, obstructed initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992294_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992294-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Dalmatia" title="Diet of Dalmatia">Diet of Dalmatia</a> was first convened in 1861. Autonomist Party held the majority of seats due to the unfair electoral system by which large landowners, clerks, and representatives of wealthy citizens, although accounting for only around 20% of the Dalmatian population, had a significant advantage. Diet refused unification of Dalmatia with Croatia-Slavonia. The <a href="/wiki/Austro-Prussian_War" title="Austro-Prussian War">Austro-Prussian War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third Italian War of Independence</a> resulted in the 1866 maritime <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lissa_(1866)" title="Battle of Lissa (1866)">Battle of Vis</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Compromise_of_1867" title="Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867">Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867</a>, which strengthened the division and unveiled the prospect of unification of Dalmatia with Croatia-Slavonia to a minimum, the People's Party returned to the political and cultural struggle to <a href="/wiki/Croatisation" title="Croatisation">croatize</a> Dalmatia, especially focusing on schools, wanting to introduce Croatian as a teaching language. Therefore, their aim was to win power in the municipalities, since the school curriculums were within the municipal scope.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992309_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992309-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1862, they launched a weekly in Italian <i>Il Nazionale</i> in order to win over voters whose primary language was Italian. They later started publishing weekly in Croatian <i><a href="/wiki/Narodni_list" title="Narodni list">Narodni list</a></i> (People's Gazette) as well. In 1869, Mihovil Pavlinović wrote Croatian political program -<i>Hrvatska misao</i> (Croatian Thought), in which he advocated the Croatian right to independence and the establishment of unified and constitutional Croatian state that would have included all "historical Croatian territories", including Dalmatia.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1869, an armed revolt known as the <a href="/wiki/Krivo%C5%A1ije_uprising_(1869)" title="Krivošije uprising (1869)">Krivošije uprising</a> occurred in the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Kotor" title="Bay of Kotor">Bay of Kotor</a> hinterland region of <a href="/wiki/Krivo%C5%A1ije" title="Krivošije">Krivošije</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The uprising broke out after a decisive Prussian victory over the Austrian Empire in the 1866 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%B6niggr%C3%A4tz" title="Battle of Königgrätz">Battle of Königgrätz</a>, and the consequent introduction of mandatory conscription for the people from that region who were by then traditionally exempt from conscription. Due to conscription, sailors lost essential years they could have used for working at sea. People that lived in the mountains were disarmed so they lost the opportunity to go to <a href="/wiki/Herzegovina" title="Herzegovina">Herzegovina</a> to hunt small and large cattle. The formal peace accord, by which the conscription was abandoned, and people allowed to retain their weapons, was signed on 11 January 1870.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of the People's and Autonomist parties were increasingly clashing as tensions began to rise. On July 31, 1869, during the visit of the Italian ship on a <a href="/wiki/Hydrography" title="Hydrography">hydrographic</a> mission, a clash between Italian sailors and Croatian citizens of <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a> broke out. 14 Italian sailors and a few Croats were seriously injured. This clash turned into a diplomatic conflict between the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> and Austria-Hungary, known as the <i>Monzambano Affair</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the meantime, the People's Party started getting better organized and slowly winning rural municipalities in the <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Hinterland" title="Dalmatian Hinterland">Dalmatian Hinterland</a> and on the islands, which culminated in the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Dalmatia#Diet_of_1870" title="Diet of Dalmatia">1870 election</a>, when it won the majority of seats in the Diet. On February 15, 1873, the Party won the first major city, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Ante_%C5%A0upuk" title="Ante Šupuk">Ante Šupuk</a> was elected mayor. In 1882, despite intimidation and violence by the Autonomist Party's paramilitary units, the People's Party <a href="/wiki/Gajo_Bulat" title="Gajo Bulat">Gajo Bulat</a> defeated the Autonomist Party's <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Bajamonti" title="Antonio Bajamonti">Antonio Bajamonti</a>, thus becoming the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Split" title="Mayor of Split">Mayor of Split</a>. Shortly thereafter, the People's Party won the election in the <a href="/wiki/Stari_Grad,_Hvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Stari Grad, Hvar">Stari Grad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trogir" title="Trogir">Trogir</a> municipalities, while the Autonomist Party only governed Zadar. In 1883, Croatian was proclaimed the official language of the Diet of Dalmatia. </p><p>At the same time, the network of Croatian schools grew. In 1866, the <i>Croatian Teachers' School</i> (Croatian: <i lang="hr">Hrvatska učiteljska škola</i>) was opened in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbanasi,_Croatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arbanasi, Croatia (page does not exist)">Arbanasi</a> near Zadar. In 1883, there were about 300 primary, and 3 high schools (in Dubrovnik, Kotor and Split) in which the Croatian language was thought. In 1898, Croatian gymnasium was opened in Zadar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Serbo-Croatian_split">Serbo-Croatian split</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Serbo-Croatian split"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fran_Gundulic2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Fran_Gundulic2.JPG/310px-Fran_Gundulic2.JPG" decoding="async" width="310" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Fran_Gundulic2.JPG/465px-Fran_Gundulic2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Fran_Gundulic2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="478" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Unveiling_of_the_Gunduli%C4%87_monument" title="Unveiling of the Gundulić monument">Erection of the monument dedicated to Ivan Gundulić</a> in Dubrovnik, 20 May 1893</figcaption></figure> <p>Ever since <a href="/wiki/Vuk_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Vuk Karadžić">Vuk Karadžić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilija_Gara%C5%A1anin" title="Ilija Garašanin">Ilija Garašanin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jovan_Suboti%C4%87" title="Jovan Subotić">Jovan Subotić</a> started writing about Dalmatia as a Serbian land, and following the recognition of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Kingdom of Serbia</a> as an independent state at the 1878 <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Congress of Berlin</a>, the different interests of Croats and Serbs in Dalmatia became more evident. Serbs continuously started mentioning Dalmatia as a "Serbian land".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992312_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992312-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Croatia's enthusiasm with the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_rule_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina#Occupation" title="Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, which involved numerous Croatian soldiers from Dalmatia, many of whom had died, and the request for the unification of Bosnia-Herzegovina with Croatia-Slavonia, the conflict was inevitable.<sup id="cite_ref-sdalm_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdalm-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1879, Serbs from <a href="/wiki/Bukovica,_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bukovica, Croatia">Bukovica</a> voted for the Italian candidate of the Autonomist Party, instead of People's Party Mihovil Klaić. The People's Party called this the <i>Bukovica betrayal</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sdalm_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdalm-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly afterward, separate Croatian and Serbian parties were founded, but Croats still held a majority in the Diet of Dalmatia. </p><p>In November 1881, Serbs and Montenegrins that lived in the hinterland of the Bay of Kotor, on the territory of the Kingdom of Dalmatia, rebelled against the mandatory conscription, which was the obligation of all citizens of the Monarchy. The Austrian army, headed by <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal" title="Field marshal">field marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Jovanovi%C4%87" title="Stjepan Jovanović">Stjepan Jovanović</a>, suppressed this rebellion in May 1882. </p><p>In 1891, <a href="/wiki/Frano_Supilo" title="Frano Supilo">Frano Supilo</a> started publishing <i>Crvena Hrvatska</i> (Red Croatia), the journal in which he was writing against Serbian pretensions on Dalmatia and in favor of the unification of Dalmatia with Croatia.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1893, on the occasion of <a href="/wiki/Unveiling_of_the_Gunduli%C4%87_monument" title="Unveiling of the Gundulić monument">the erection of a monument dedicated to Ivan Gundulić in Dubrovnik</a>, there were great tensions between Croats and Serbs. Namely, many Croatian dignitaries, politicians, and artists came to Dubrovnik so the festivity turned into an exhibition of Croatian nationalism when people started chanting for Croatia, as opposed to the wishes of some of the people of Dubrovnik who were proponents of Serbian ideas, like <a href="/wiki/Medo_Puci%C4%87" title="Medo Pucić">Medo Pucić</a>. </p><p>With the affirmation of the so-called <i>New Direction Policy</i>, Serbo-Croatian relations started getting better. This was confirmed by the signing of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zadar_Resolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zadar Resolution (page does not exist)">Zadar Resolution</a> on 25 February 1907. Dr. <a href="/wiki/Lovro_Monti" title="Lovro Monti">Lovro Monti</a> stated: "With Serbs, we can do a lot, without Serbs a little, and against Serbs nothing."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBilandžić199925_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBilandžić199925-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1905, for the first time, a native of Dalmatia, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niko_Nardelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niko Nardelli (page does not exist)">Niko Nardelli</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Dalmatia)" title="People's Party (Dalmatia)">NS</a>), was appointed Governor. In 1912, Italian was abolished in public offices and courts. However, the Austrian government still used Italian and German in its official correspondence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_World_War">First World War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: First World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg/220px-Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg/330px-Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg/440px-Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/SMS_Erzherzog_Ferdinand_Max" title="SMS Erzherzog Ferdinand Max">SMS <i>Erzherzog Ferdinand Max</i></a>, 1905</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Promised_Borders_of_the_Tready_of_London.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Promised_Borders_of_the_Tready_of_London.png/220px-Promised_Borders_of_the_Tready_of_London.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Promised_Borders_of_the_Tready_of_London.png/330px-Promised_Borders_of_the_Tready_of_London.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Promised_Borders_of_the_Tready_of_London.png/440px-Promised_Borders_of_the_Tready_of_London.png 2x" data-file-width="1114" data-file-height="785" /></a><figcaption>Territories promised to Italy by the <a href="/wiki/London_Pact" class="mw-redirect" title="London Pact">London Pact</a> (1915), i.e. <a href="/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige" class="mw-redirect" title="Trentino-Alto Adige">Trentino-Alto Adige</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Julian_March" title="Julian March">Julian March</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a> (tan), and the <a href="/wiki/Sne%C5%BEnik_(plateau)" title="Snežnik (plateau)">Snežnik Plateau</a> area (green). Dalmatia, after the WWI, however, was not assigned to Italy but to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enrico_Millo_circa_1915_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Enrico_Millo_circa_1915_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Enrico_Millo_circa_1915_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Enrico_Millo_circa_1915_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Enrico_Millo_circa_1915_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Enrico_Millo_circa_1915_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Enrico_Millo_circa_1915_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Millo" title="Enrico Millo">Enrico Millo</a>, the first governor of the Italian <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Dalmatia" title="Governorate of Dalmatia">Governorate of Dalmatia</a> (1918–1920)</figcaption></figure> <p>Dalmatia was a strategic region during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> that both <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a> intended to seize from <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>. Italy joined the <a href="/wiki/Triple_Entente" title="Triple Entente">Triple Entente</a> <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Allies</a> in 1915 upon agreeing to the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1915)" title="Treaty of London (1915)">Treaty of London</a> that guaranteed Italy the right to annex a large portion of Dalmatia in exchange for Italy's participation on the Allied side. Immediately upon the outbreak of the First World War, all organizations that the government considered close to Serbia or to the idea of the creation of a single state for all South Slavic peoples were forbidden. Many prominent politicians were persecuted and arrested while some emigrated. Until 1915, when the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> joined the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Entente Powers</a> after the Treaty of London, there were no war operations on the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic">Adriatic</a>, but since then the maritime conflicts became frequent. Due to the Allied blockade of the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Otranto" title="Strait of Otranto">Strait of Otranto</a>, trade in the Adriatic almost completely stopped. The government recruited many ships for military purposes, while the civilian sailing has been almost completely suspended. Mandatory blackouts were imposed on the islands and in the ports due to the fear of bombing. A number of church bells were removed, melted and used for war purposes. Fighting was also taking place around <a href="/wiki/Lastovo" title="Lastovo">Lastovo</a> and the distant islands so <a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">artillery batteries</a> were placed there. In 1917, <a href="/wiki/French_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="French Air Force">French Air Force</a> bombed Lastovo.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Dalmatia, hunger and scarcity began to emerge, while at the same time Hungarian laws banned the export of foodstuff to the Austrian half of the Monarchy (which Dalmatia was part of) in the case of war. Dalmatia received food aid through the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Trieste" title="Port of Trieste">port of Trieste</a>, but the amounts were inadequate, sometimes even completely useless, and often arriving too late (for example, supplies intended for 1917 arrived in 1918<sup id="cite_ref-franko_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-franko-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Therefore, Franciscans and benefactors from <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> organized the action of sending Dalmatian children to <a href="/wiki/Slavonia" title="Slavonia">Slavonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moslavina" title="Moslavina">Moslavina</a> so they could have adequate nutrition. The war destroyed Dalmatian agriculture. At the end of the war, epidemics of the <a href="/wiki/Typhus" title="Typhus">typhus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cholera" title="Cholera">cholera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_influenza" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish influenza">Spanish influenza</a> broke out, causing the death of many people.<sup id="cite_ref-franko_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-franko-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1915, Croats made up 34% of <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Austro-Hungarian Navy">Austro-Hungarian Navy</a> personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from the Navy, Dalmatians also fought in land units, namely in the <i>22nd Imperial Regiment, 23rd Zadar Imperial Home Guard Regiment, 37th Dubrovnik Imperial Regiment and the Dalmatian Mounted Rifles</i>. Following the Italian announcement of war, Croats were mostly sent to fight on fronts against Italy because the government expected them to be motivated to fight against those who mistreated them in the past. As the war ceased, there were also cases of defection, and in February 1918 a rebellion of sailors in the Bay of Kotor broke out, the <a href="/wiki/Cattaro_Mutiny" class="mw-redirect" title="Cattaro Mutiny">Cattaro Mutiny</a>. In 1917, representatives of Dalmatia in <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Council_(Austria)" title="Imperial Council (Austria)">Imperial Council</a> headed by <a href="/wiki/Vjekoslav_Spin%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Vjekoslav Spinčić">Vjekoslav Spinčić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josip_Smodlaka" title="Josip Smodlaka">Josip Smodlaka</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivo_Prodan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivo Prodan (page does not exist)">Ivo Prodan</a>, wrote the <a href="/wiki/May_Declaration" title="May Declaration">May Declaration</a>, in which they presented a program of unification of all South Slavs within the Austria-Hungary that had to be divided into three equal parts: Austria, Hungary, and Croatia. At the end of the war, the <i>National Council for Dalmatia</i> was founded in Zadar and the unified <i>National Organization for Dalmatia</i> in Split. These bodies soon started to independently govern Dalmatia.<sup id="cite_ref-franko_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-franko-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last days of the Monarchy, General <a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Sarkoti%C4%87" title="Stjepan Sarkotić">Stjepan Sarkotić</a> managed to convince Hungarian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Wekerle" title="Sándor Wekerle">Sándor Wekerle</a> and Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Austria" title="Charles I of Austria">Charles I.</a> to support the unification of Dalmatia with Croatia, but that didn't happen until the collapse of the Monarchy in 1918. On October 29, 1918, when the Austro-Hungarian Parliament dismantled, the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Parliament" title="Croatian Parliament">Croatian Parliament</a> passed a decision by which Croatia-Slavonia terminated state-law relations with Austria-Hungary and, together with Dalmatia and <a href="/wiki/Corpus_separatum_(Fiume)" title="Corpus separatum (Fiume)">town of Rijeka</a>, joined <a href="/wiki/State_of_Slovenes,_Croats_and_Serbs" title="State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs">State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs</a>. </p><p>At the end of World War I, from 5–6 November 1918, Italian forces were reported to have reached <a href="/wiki/Vis_(island)" title="Vis (island)">Vis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lastovo" title="Lastovo">Lastovo</a>, Šibenik, and other localities on the Dalmatian coast.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of hostilities in November 1918, the Italian military had seized control of the entire portion of Dalmatia that had been guaranteed to Italy by the Treaty of London and by 17 November had seized Rijeka as well creating the first <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Dalmatia" title="Governorate of Dalmatia">Governorate of Dalmatia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Paul_O_2005._Pp._17_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_O_2005._Pp._17-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1918, Admiral <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Millo" title="Enrico Millo">Enrico Millo</a> declared himself Italy's Governor of Dalmatia.<sup id="cite_ref-Paul_O_2005._Pp._17_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_O_2005._Pp._17-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Famous <a href="/wiki/Italian_nationalism" title="Italian nationalism">Italian nationalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Gabriele_D%27Annunzio" title="Gabriele D'Annunzio">Gabriele D'Annunzio</a> supported the seizure of Dalmatia, and proceeded to Zadar in an Italian warship in December 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of World War I, the Austrian Empire disintegrated, and Dalmatia was again split between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a>) which controlled most of it, and the Kingdom of Italy which held small portions of northern Dalmatia around Zadar and the islands of <a href="/wiki/Cres" title="Cres">Cres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lo%C5%A1inj" title="Lošinj">Lošinj</a>, and Lastovo. Italy entered World War I in a territorial gamble, mostly to gain Dalmatia. But Italy got only a small part of its pretensions, so Dalmatia mostly stayed Yugoslav. Despite the fact that there were only a few thousand <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Italians" title="Dalmatian Italians">Italian-speakers in Dalmatia</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the constant decrease that occurred in previous decades, <a href="/wiki/Italian_irredentism" title="Italian irredentism">Italian irredentists</a> continued to lay claim to all of Dalmatia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographic_history">Demographic history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographic history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1818–1857"><span id="1818.E2.80.931857"></span>1818–1857</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1818–1857"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to M. Lorković, the total population of Dalmatia numbered 297,912 in 1818; 326,739 in 1825; 338,599 in 1830; 390,381 in 1840; and 393,715 in 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-Peričić1998_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peričić1998-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Karaman-151_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karaman-151-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Based on the 1857 census, the Kingdom of Dalmatia had 415,628 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to an analysis of the 1857 census, 318,500 (76.5%) inhabitants were Croats, 77,500 (18.5%) were Serbs, and ca. 20,000 were Italian-speakers (5%).<sup id="cite_ref-Manini2001_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manini2001-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The percentage of Dalmatian Serbs had been 19.9% in the 1830–50 period.<sup id="cite_ref-Manini2001_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manini2001-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the cities, the inhabitants were 71% Croat, 22% Italian and 7% Serb.<sup id="cite_ref-Manini2001_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manini2001-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were 745 Serbs in Kotor; in all other cities there were fewer than 400.<sup id="cite_ref-Manini2001_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manini2001-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of Serbs in Dalmatia fell; however, in the north it rose.<sup id="cite_ref-Manini2001_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manini2001-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the Orthodox, there was one priest for every 400 people, while among the Catholics, there was one priest for every 330 people.<sup id="cite_ref-Manini2001_47-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manini2001-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1880">1880</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1880"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1880 Austrian census, recorded the following ethnic groups in the Kingdom:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li>371,565 <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a></li> <li>78,714 <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a></li> <li>27,305 <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900">1900</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1900"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1900 Austrian census:<sup id="cite_ref-Dalmatia-1900_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dalmatia-1900-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Religion</dt></dl> <ul><li>496,966 <a href="/wiki/Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholics">Catholics</a></li> <li>96,279 <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox Christianity">Eastern Orthodox</a></li> <li>539 others</li></ul> <dl><dt>Language<sup id="cite_ref-Dalmatia-1900_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dalmatia-1900-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a>: 565,276 (95,2%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: 15,279 (2,6%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: 2,306 (0,4%)</li> <li>Total: 593,784</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1910">1910</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 1910"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the official 1910 Austrian census, population by religion and mother language was:<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Religion</dt></dl> <ul><li>539,057 Catholics</li> <li>105,332 Eastern Orthodox</li> <li>1,257 others</li></ul> <dl><dt>Language</dt></dl> <ul><li>Serbo-Croatian: 610,649</li> <li>Italian: 18,028</li> <li>German: 3,081</li> <li>Others: 3,077</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cities">Cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The major cities were (1900):<sup id="cite_ref-Dalmatia-1900_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dalmatia-1900-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>, the capital, with 13,016 inhabitants</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a> (18,547)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a> (10,072)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a> (8,437)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_subdivisions">Administrative subdivisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Administrative subdivisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.jpg/290px-Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.jpg/435px-Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.jpg/580px-Kingdom_of_Dalmatia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="625" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Kingdom of Dalmatia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalmatia_(Kingdom).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Dalmatia_%28Kingdom%29.svg/290px-Dalmatia_%28Kingdom%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Dalmatia_%28Kingdom%29.svg/435px-Dalmatia_%28Kingdom%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Dalmatia_%28Kingdom%29.svg/580px-Dalmatia_%28Kingdom%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1098" data-file-height="1063" /></a><figcaption>Extent of the Kingdom of Dalmatia, superimposed on the modern-day internal borders of <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Kotor" title="Bay of Kotor">Bay of Kotor</a> area is in <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1822 to 1868 the Kingdom of Dalmatia was administratively divided into four circles (counties, Italian: <i>circoli</i> or <i>capitanati circolari</i>, Croatian: <i>okruzi</i> or <i>okružna poglavarstva</i>) – Zadar, Split, Dubrovnik and Kotor – these were subdivided into smaller districts (Italian: <i>distretti-preture</i>, Croatian: <i>kotari-preture</i>), each comprised municipalities (Italian: <i>comuni</i>, Croatian: <i>općine</i>). In 1868 the circles were abolished and Dalmatia was divided into 13 larger (administrative) districts (Italian: <i>distretti politici</i> or <i>capitanati distrettuali</i>, Croatian: <i>kotari</i> or <i>kotarska poglavarstva</i>) whose capitals were (1880): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benkovac" title="Benkovac">Benkovac</a></li> <li>Dubrovnik</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hvar" title="Hvar">Hvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imotski" title="Imotski">Imotski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kor%C4%8Dula" title="Korčula">Korčula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotor" title="Kotor">Kotor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makarska" title="Makarska">Makarska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metkovi%C4%87" title="Metković">Metković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinj" title="Sinj">Sinj</a></li> <li>Split</li> <li>Šibenik</li> <li>Zadar</li></ul> <p>Districts, as governmental units with the government-appointed <a href="/wiki/Prefect" title="Prefect">prefect</a> (Italian: <i>capitano distrettuale</i>, Croatian: <i>kotarski poglavar</i>), were subdivided into judicial districts (Italian: <i>distretti giudiziari</i>, Croatian: <i>sudski kotari</i>) and these into municipalities (Italian: <i>comuni</i>, Croatian: <i>općine</i>) as <a href="/wiki/Local_authorities" class="mw-redirect" title="Local authorities">local authorities</a> with the elected <a href="/wiki/Municipal_council" title="Municipal council">municipal council</a> (Italian: <i>consiglio comunale</i>, Croatian: <i>općinsko vijeće</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">mayor</a> (Italian: <i>podestà</i>, Croatian: <i>načelnik</i>) elected by the council. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Roman Catholic archbishop had his seat in Zadar, while the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Kotor" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Kotor">diocese of Kotor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Hvar-Bra%C4%8D-Vis" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Hvar-Brač-Vis">diocese of Hvar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Dubrovnik" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Dubrovnik">diocese of Dubrovnik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Šibenik">diocese of Šibenik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Split-Makarska" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska">diocese of Split</a> were bishoprics. At the head of the Orthodox community stood the bishop of Zadar. </p><p>The use of Croatian-Slavonic liturgies written in the <a href="/wiki/Glagolitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Glagolitic">Glagolitic</a> alphabet, a very ancient privilege of the Roman Catholics in Dalmatia and Croatia, caused much controversy during the first years of the 20th century. There was considerable danger that the Latin liturgies would be altogether superseded by the Glagolitic, especially among the northern islands and in rural communes, where the Slavonic element is all-powerful. In 1904, the Vatican forbade the use of Glagolitic at the festival of SS. <a href="/wiki/Cyril_and_Methodius" title="Cyril and Methodius">Cyril and Methodius</a>, as likely to impair the unity of Catholicism. A few years previously the Slavonic archbishop Rajcevic of Zara, in discussing the "Glagolitic controversy", had denounced the movement as "an innovation introduced by <a href="/wiki/Panslavism" class="mw-redirect" title="Panslavism">Panslavism</a> to make it easy for the Catholic clergy, after any great revolution in the Balkan States, to break with Latin Rome." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governors">Governors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Governors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding-bottom:0; font-weight:medium;"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Dalmatia" title="Category:History of Dalmatia">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dalmatia" title="History of Dalmatia">History of <span class="fn org label">Dalmatia</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;padding:0.8em 0 1.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia" title="Coat of arms of Dalmatia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia_%28Dalmatinski_Grb%29.png/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia_%28Dalmatinski_Grb%29.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia_%28Dalmatinski_Grb%29.png/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia_%28Dalmatinski_Grb%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia_%28Dalmatinski_Grb%29.png/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Dalmatia_%28Dalmatinski_Grb%29.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="949" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Antiquity</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyria" title="Illyria">Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatae" title="Dalmatae">Dalmatae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tariotes" title="Tariotes">Tariotes</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatia_(Roman_province)" title="Dalmatia (Roman province)">Roman Province</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Middle Ages</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_city-states" title="Dalmatian city-states">Neolatin Dalmatian City-states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Croatia" title="Duchy of Croatia">Duchy of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narentania" class="mw-redirect" title="Narentania">Narentania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zahumlje" class="mw-redirect" title="Zahumlje">Zahumlje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Travunija" class="mw-redirect" title="Travunija">Travunija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theme_of_Dalmatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Theme of Dalmatia">Theme of Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(925%E2%80%931102)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)">Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_Dalmatia" title="Venetian Dalmatia">Venetian Dalmatia</a>(1000-1358)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_personal_union_with_Hungary" title="Croatia in personal union with Hungary">Kingdom of Croatia and Dalmatia</a>(1102–1409)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_Dalmatia" title="Venetian Dalmatia">Venetian Dalmatia</a>(1409-1797)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banate_of_Bosnia" title="Banate of Bosnia">Bosnian Banate</a> (1325–1377)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Early modern period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa" title="Republic of Ragusa">Republic of Ragusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Poljica" title="Republic of Poljica">Republic of Poljica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hvar_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hvar Rebellion">Hvar Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">19th century</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triune_Kingdom_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Triune Kingdom of Croatia">Triune Kingdom of Croatia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kingdom of Dalmatia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">20th century</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Littoral_Banovina" title="Littoral Banovina">Littoral Banovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banovina_of_Croatia" title="Banovina of Croatia">Banovina of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Dalmatia" title="Governorate of Dalmatia">Governorate of Dalmatia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Croatian War of Independence">Croatian War of Independence</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Battle of Šibenik">Battle of Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_Channels" title="Battle of the Dalmatian Channels">Battle of the Dalmatian Channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Dalmatia" title="Template:History of Dalmatia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Dalmatia" title="Template talk:History of Dalmatia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Dalmatia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Dalmatia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Head of the Austrian imperial administration in Dalmatia was <a href="/wiki/Imperial-Royal" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial-Royal">Imperial-Royal</a> Provincial Governor (Italian: <i>I. R. Governatore Provinciale</i>, Croatian: <i>c. k. Guverner</i>) appointed by the emperor. From 1852 he was known as Imperial-Royal Lieutenant (Italian: <i>I. R. Luogotenente</i>, Croatian: <i>c. k. Namjesnik</i>). </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franjo_Toma%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Franjo Tomašić">Franjo Tomašić</a> (1815–1831)</li> <li>Wenzeslau Lilienberg Water (1831–1841)</li> <li>Ivan August Turszky (1841–1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Welden" title="Ludwig von Welden">Ludwig von Welden</a> (1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a> (1848–1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Mamula" title="Lazar Mamula">Lazar Mamula</a> (1859–1865)</li> <li>Franjo Filipović (1865–1868)</li> <li>Johann Wagner (1868–1869)</li> <li>Gottfried Auersperg (1869)</li> <li>Julius Fluk von Leidenkron (1869–1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavrilo_Rodi%C4%87" title="Gavrilo Rodić">Gavrilo Rodić</a> (1870–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Jovanovi%C4%87" title="Stjepan Jovanović">Stjepan Jovanović</a> (1882–1885)</li> <li>Ludovik Cornaro (1885–1886)</li> <li>Dragutin Blažeković (1886–1890)</li> <li>Emil David (1890–1902)</li> <li>Erasmus Handel (1902–1905)</li> <li>Nicola Nardelli (1905–1911)</li> <li>Mario Attems (1911–1918)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military">Military</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Military units in the kingdom at the start of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Army" title="Common Army">Common Army</a> <ul><li>22nd (Dalmatian) Infantry Regiment "Graf von Lacy" (garrison: Spalato/Split)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial-Royal_Landwehr" title="Imperial-Royal Landwehr">Imperial-Royal Landwehr</a> <ul><li>Imperial-Royal Mounted Dalmatian State Rifle Division (garrison: Sinj)</li> <li>23rd Imperial-Royal Landwehr Infantry Regiment (garrison: Zara/Zadar)</li> <li>37th Imperial-Royal Landwehr Infantry Regiment (garrison: Gravosa/Gruž)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dalmatian_Parliament">Dalmatian Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Dalmatian Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kingdom of Dalmatia held elections to the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Dalmatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Dalmatia">Parliament of Dalmatia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1861" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1861">1861</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1864" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1864">1864</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1867" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1867">1867</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1870" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1870">1870</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1876" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1876">1876</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1883" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1883">1883</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1889" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1889">1889</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1895" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1895">1895</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1901" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1901">1901</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_parliamentary_election,_1908" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian parliamentary election, 1908">1908</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reichsrat">Reichsrat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Reichsrat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>1907</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1907_Cisleithanian_legislative_election_in_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia" title="1907 Cisleithanian legislative election in the Kingdom of Dalmatia">1907 Cisleithanian legislative election in the Kingdom of Dalmatia</a></div> <p>In the 1907 elections, Dalmatia elected the following representatives to the lower chamber of the <a href="/wiki/Reichsrat_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reichsrat (Austria)">Reichsrat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reichsrat_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reichsrat (Austria)">Imperial Council</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hrcak.srce.hr_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hrcak.srce.hr-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Dalmatia)" title="People's Party (Dalmatia)">Croatian Party</a> <ul><li>Ante Dulibić</li> <li>Vicko Ivčević</li> <li>Frane Ivanišević</li> <li>Ante Tresić Pavičić</li> <li>Ante Vuković</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juraj_Biankini" title="Juraj Biankini">Juraj Biankini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Rights" title="Party of Rights">Party of Rights</a> <ul><li>Ivo Prodan</li> <li>Josip Virgil Perić</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_People%27s_Party_(Dalmatia)" title="Serb People's Party (Dalmatia)">Serb People's Party</a> <ul><li>Dušan Baljak</li> <li>Miho Bjeladinović</li></ul></li> <li>Independent <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frane_Buli%C4%87" title="Frane Bulić">Frane Bulić</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt>1911</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1911_Cisleithanian_legislative_election_in_the_Kingdom_of_Dalmatia" title="1911 Cisleithanian legislative election in the Kingdom of Dalmatia">1911 Cisleithanian legislative election in the Kingdom of Dalmatia</a></div> <p>In the 1911 elections, Dalmatia elected the following representatives:<sup id="cite_ref-hrcak.srce.hr_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hrcak.srce.hr-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Croatian Party <ul><li>Vicko Ivčević</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pero_%C4%8Cingrija" title="Pero Čingrija">Pero Čingrija</a></li> <li>Ante Tresić Pavičić</li> <li>Juraj Biankini</li></ul></li> <li>Party of Rights <ul><li>Ivo Prodan</li> <li>Ante Dulibić</li> <li>Ante Sesardić</li> <li>Josip Virgil Perić</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_People%27s_Party_(Dalmatia)" title="Serb People's Party (Dalmatia)">Serb People's Party</a> <ul><li>Dušan Baljak</li> <li>Gjuro Vukotić</li></ul></li> <li>Croatian Popular Progressive Party <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Smodlaka" title="Josip Smodlaka">Josip Smodlaka</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1538%E2%80%931867)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1538–1867)">Kingdom of Hungary (Habsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia-Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia">Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Croatian_history" title="Timeline of Croatian history">Timeline of Croatian history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Dalmatia" title="Diet of Dalmatia">Diet of Dalmatia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mac265-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mac265_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mac265_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacan1992">Macan 1992</a>, p. 265</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992266-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992266_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacan1992">Macan 1992</a>, p. 266.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210222025553/https://xoom.virgilio.it/jump.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"L'Adriatico orientale e la sterile ricerca delle nazionalità delle persone" di Kristijan Knez; La Voce del Popolo (quotidiano di Fiume) del 2/10/2002"</a> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xoomer.alice.it/histria/storiaecultura/testiedocumenti/articoligiornali/artadriatico.htm">the original</a> on 22 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22L%27Adriatico+orientale+e+la+sterile+ricerca+delle+nazionalit%C3%A0+delle+persone%22+di+Kristijan+Knez%3B+La+Voce+del+Popolo+%28quotidiano+di+Fiume%29+del+2%2F10%2F2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxoomer.alice.it%2Fhistria%2Fstoriaecultura%2Ftestiedocumenti%2Farticoligiornali%2Fartadriatico.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferdo Šišić, Hrvatska povijest, Kratki pregled povijesti republike dubrovačke, Zagreb, 1913.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferdo Šišić, Hrvatska povijest, Kratki pregled povijesti republike dubrovačke, Zagreb, 1913</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140903101956/http://www.caas.unizg.hr/skupovi/skupovi/57/FRANCUSKA%20UPRAVA%20U%20DUBROVNIKU%20-%20PROGRAM.doc">"Međunarodni znanstveni skup: Francuska uprava u Dubrovniku (1808. – 1814.)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caas.unizg.hr/skupovi/skupovi/57/FRANCUSKA%20UPRAVA%20U%20DUBROVNIKU%20-%20PROGRAM.doc">the original</a> on 2014-09-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Me%C4%91unarodni+znanstveni+skup%3A+Francuska+uprava+u+Dubrovniku+%281808.+%E2%80%93+1814.%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caas.unizg.hr%2Fskupovi%2Fskupovi%2F57%2FFRANCUSKA%2520UPRAVA%2520U%2520DUBROVNIKU%2520-%2520PROGRAM.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107031949/http://radio.hrt.hr/radio-dubrovnik/ep/gradoplov/157766/">"Gradoplov :: Radio Dubrovnik"</a>. <i>radio.hrt.hr</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://radio.hrt.hr/radio-dubrovnik/ep/gradoplov/157766/">the original</a> on 2017-11-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=radio.hrt.hr&rft.atitle=Gradoplov+%3A%3A+Radio+Dubrovnik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fradio.hrt.hr%2Fradio-dubrovnik%2Fep%2Fgradoplov%2F157766%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.filatelija.net/crticeizpp5.htm">http://www.filatelija.net/crticeizpp5.htm</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107030652/http://povijest.net/izvjestaj-generala-molitora/">"Izvještaj generala Molitora o pohodu u Dalmaciju 1806. godine"</a>. <i>Hrvatski povijesni portal</i>. 12 February 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://povijest.net/izvjestaj-generala-molitora/">the original</a> on 7 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hrvatski+povijesni+portal&rft.atitle=Izvje%C5%A1taj+generala+Molitora+o+pohodu+u+Dalmaciju+1806.+godine&rft.date=2023-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpovijest.net%2Fizvjestaj-generala-molitora%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oršolić-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Oršolić_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oršolić_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/18690">"Tado ORŠOLIĆ, <i>Teritorijalne snage za francuske uprave u Dalmaciji (1806.–1809.)</i>"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tado+OR%C5%A0OLI%C4%86%2C+Teritorijalne+snage+za+francuske+uprave+u+Dalmaciji+%281806.%E2%80%931809.%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Ffile%2F18690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferdo Šišić, Hrvatska povijest, Austrijska i francuska dalmacija i Ilirija (1797.-1815.), Zagreb, 1913.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cosic-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cosic_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/95497">http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/95497</a> Stjepan Ćosić, <i>Državna uprava u Dalmaciji i crkveni preustroj 1828./1830. godine</i>, p. 51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992271-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992271_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacan1992">Macan 1992</a>, p. 271.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Die Protokolle des Österreichischen Ministerrates 1848/1867. V Abteilung: Die Ministerien Rainer und Mensdorff. VI Abteilung: Das Ministerium Belcredi</i>, Wien, Österreichischer Bundesverlag für Unterricht, Wissenschaft und Kunst 1971, vol. 2, p. 297. Citazione completa della fonte e traduzione in Luciano Monzali, <i>Italiani di Dalmazia. Dal Risorgimento alla Grande Guerra</i>, Le Lettere, Firenze 2004, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJürgen_Baurmann,_Hartmut_Gunther_and_Ulrich_Knoop1993" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jürgen Baurmann, Hartmut Gunther and Ulrich Knoop (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l3tCTXoeAysC&pg=279"><i>Homo scribens: Perspektiven der Schriftlichkeitsforschung</i></a> (in German). Walter de Gruyter. p. 279. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3484311347" title="Special:BookSources/3484311347"><bdi>3484311347</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Homo+scribens%3A+Perspektiven+der+Schriftlichkeitsforschung&rft.pages=279&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=3484311347&rft.au=J%C3%BCrgen+Baurmann%2C+Hartmut+Gunther+and+Ulrich+Knoop&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl3tCTXoeAysC%26pg%3D279&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBartoli1919" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Bartoli" title="Matteo Bartoli">Bartoli, Matteo</a> (1919). <i>Le parlate italiane della Venezia Giulia e della Dalmazia</i> (in Italian). Tipografia italo-orientale. p. 16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+parlate+italiane+della+Venezia+Giulia+e+della+Dalmazia&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Tipografia+italo-orientale&rft.date=1919&rft.aulast=Bartoli&rft.aufirst=Matteo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span>[ISBN unspecified]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeton-Watson1967" class="citation book cs1">Seton-Watson, Christopher (1967). <i>Italy from Liberalism to Fascism, 1870–1925</i>. Methuen. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780416189407" title="Special:BookSources/9780416189407"><bdi>9780416189407</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Italy+from+Liberalism+to+Fascism%2C+1870%E2%80%931925&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Methuen&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=9780416189407&rft.aulast=Seton-Watson&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">"Dalmazia", <i>Dizionario enciclopedico italiano</i> (in Italian), vol. III, <a href="/wiki/Treccani" title="Treccani">Treccani</a>, 1970, p. 729</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dalmazia&rft.btitle=Dizionario+enciclopedico+italiano&rft.pages=729&rft.pub=Treccani&rft.date=1970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:9_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeričić2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Peričić, Šime (2003-09-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/12136">"O broju Talijana/talijanaša u Dalmaciji XIX. stoljeća"</a>. <i>Radovi Zavoda za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zadru</i> (in Croatian) (45): 342. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1330-0474">1330-0474</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radovi+Zavoda+za+povijesne+znanosti+HAZU+u+Zadru&rft.atitle=O+broju+Talijana%2Ftalijana%C5%A1a+u+Dalmaciji+XIX.+stolje%C4%87a&rft.issue=45&rft.pages=342&rft.date=2003-09-19&rft.issn=1330-0474&rft.aulast=Peri%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft.aufirst=%C5%A0ime&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2F12136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130529164005/http://www.omm1910.hu/?%2Fde%2Fdatenbank">"Spezialortsrepertorium der österreichischen Länder I-XII, Wien, 1915–1919"</a> (in German). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omm1910.hu/?/de/datenbank">the original</a> on 2013-05-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spezialortsrepertorium+der+%C3%B6sterreichischen+L%C3%A4nder+I-XII%2C+Wien%2C+1915%E2%80%931919&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omm1910.hu%2F%3F%2Fde%2Fdatenbank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaimondo_Deranez1919" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Raimondo Deranez (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xoomer.alice.it/histria/storiaecultura/testiedocumenti/bombardieritesti/particolari_dalmazia.htm"><i>Particolari del martirio della Dalmazia</i></a> (in Italian). Ancona: Stabilimento Tipografico dell'Ordine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Particolari+del+martirio+della+Dalmazia&rft.place=Ancona&rft.pub=Stabilimento+Tipografico+dell%27Ordine&rft.date=1919&rft.au=Raimondo+Deranez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxoomer.alice.it%2Fhistria%2Fstoriaecultura%2Ftestiedocumenti%2Fbombardieritesti%2Fparticolari_dalmazia.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guerrino Perselli, <i>I censimenti della popolazione dell'Istria, con Fiume e Trieste e di alcune città della Dalmazia tra il 1850 e il 1936</i>, Centro di Ricerche Storiche - Rovigno, Unione Italiana - Fiume, Università Popolare di Trieste, Trieste-Rovigno, 1993</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">"Dalmazia", <i>Dizionario enciclopedico italiano</i> (in Italian), vol. III, <a href="/wiki/Treccani" title="Treccani">Treccani</a>, 1970, p. 730, <q>Nel 1909 l'uso della lingua italiana viene proibito negli uffici dello Stato.</q> [In 1909 the use of the Italian language was prohibited in the offices of the State]</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dalmazia&rft.btitle=Dizionario+enciclopedico+italiano&rft.pages=730&rft.pub=Treccani&rft.date=1970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992288-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992288_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacan1992">Macan 1992</a>, p. 288.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.matica.hr/kolo/kolo2007_3.nsf/AllWebDocs/Kulturni_zivot_Boke_i_preporodna_gibanja">"Vanda Babić, Josip Miletić: Kulturni život Boke i preporodna gibanja [Bay of Kotor's Cultural Life and Revolutionary Movements], Kolo, Broj 3, Fall of 2007"</a>. <i>matica.hr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nik%C5%A1a+Stan%C4%8Di%C4%87%3A+Iz+rukopisne+ostav%C5%A1tine+Mihovila+Pavlinovi%C4%87a%2C+Historijski+zbornik+25-26%2C+Zagreb+1972.-73.%2C+p.+305-332.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historiografija.hr%2Fhz%2F1972%2FHZ_25-26_15_STANCIC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFW._R._Rosner1995" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">W. R. Rosner (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl/oebl_S/Schoenfeld_Anton_1827_1898.xml">"Schönfeld, Anton (Maria Emmerich Wilhelm) Frh. von (1827–1898), Feldzeugmeister"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%96sterreichisches_Biographisches_Lexikon_1815%E2%80%931950" title="Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950">Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon ab 1815</a></i> (online) (in German). Vol. 11. <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Austrian Academy of Sciences">Austrian Academy of Sciences</a>. pp. 70–71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sch%C3%B6nfeld%2C+Anton+%28Maria+Emmerich+Wilhelm%29+Frh.+von+%281827%E2%80%931898%29%2C+Feldzeugmeister&rft.btitle=%C3%96sterreichisches+Biographisches+Lexikon+ab+1815&rft.pages=70-71&rft.pub=Austrian+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.date=1995&rft.au=W.+R.+Rosner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biographien.ac.at%2Foebl%2Foebl_S%2FSchoenfeld_Anton_1827_1898.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Montenegrin) Tomislav Grgurević: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.montenegrina.net/pages/pages1/istorija/petrovici_xviii_vijek/cg_i_bokeljski_ustanak1869_t_grgurevic.html">Crna Gora i Bokeljski ustanak</a>, Montenegrina/Feljton iz lista Republika, objavljen krajem 2007. Pristupljeno 16. svibnja 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence Sondhaus: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O8xHL01QG8cC&dq=monzambano+sebenico&pg=PA12">The Naval Policy of Austria-Hungary, 1867-1918: Navalism, Industrial Development, and the Politics of Dualism</a>, Purdue University Press, 1994., p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacan1992312-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacan1992312_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacan1992">Macan 1992</a>, p. 312.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sdalm-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sdalm_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdalm_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr/20000813/podlistak.htm">"Slobodna Dalmacija, Nedjelja 13. kolovoza 2000. – podlistak: Preokret i odvajanje"</a>. <i>arhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=arhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr&rft.atitle=Slobodna+Dalmacija%2C+Nedjelja+13.+kolovoza+2000.+%E2%80%93+podlistak%3A+Preokret+i+odvajanje&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr%2F20000813%2Fpodlistak.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crvena Hrvatska, Dubrovnik, No. 32, August 12, 1893, pp. 1–2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBilandžić199925-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBilandžić199925_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBilandžić1999">Bilandžić 1999</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHlede" class="citation web cs1">Hlede, Vjekoslav. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130407004915/http://www.lastovo.org/hr/history">"Povijest Lastova"</a>. <i>www.lastovo.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lastovo.org/hr/history">the original</a> on 2013-04-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lastovo.org&rft.atitle=Povijest+Lastova&rft.aulast=Hlede&rft.aufirst=Vjekoslav&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lastovo.org%2Fhr%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-franko-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-franko_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-franko_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-franko_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Franko Mirošević: Prilozi za povijest Dalmacije u 1918. godini</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radio.cz/en/section/czech-history/when-czech-mariners-sailed-the-seas">"When Czech mariners sailed the seas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Prague" title="Radio Prague">Radio Prague</a>. 10 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=When+Czech+mariners+sailed+the+seas&rft.pub=Radio+Prague&rft.date=2011-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio.cz%2Fen%2Fsection%2Fczech-history%2Fwhen-czech-mariners-sailed-the-seas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giuseppe Praga, Franco Luxardo. <i>History of Dalmatia</i>. Giardini, 1993. Pp. 281.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paul_O_2005._Pp._17-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Paul_O_2005._Pp._17_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paul_O_2005._Pp._17_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul O'Brien. <i>Mussolini in the First World War: the Journalist, the Soldier, the Fascist</i>. Oxford, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Berg, 2005. Pp. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Rossi<i>The Rise of Italian Fascism: 1918–1922</i>. New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2010. Pp. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHehn2005" class="citation book cs1">Hehn, Paul N. (2005-09-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nOALhEZkYDkC&dq=%22signed+a+treaty+on+November+12,+1920,+at+Rapallo&pg=PA45"><i>A Low, Dishonest Decade: The Great Powers, Eastern Europe and the Economic Origins of World War II</i></a>. A&C Black. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-1761-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-1761-9"><bdi>978-0-8264-1761-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Low%2C+Dishonest+Decade%3A+The+Great+Powers%2C+Eastern+Europe+and+the+Economic+Origins+of+World+War+II&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2005-09-26&rft.isbn=978-0-8264-1761-9&rft.aulast=Hehn&rft.aufirst=Paul+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnOALhEZkYDkC%26dq%3D%2522signed%2Ba%2Btreaty%2Bon%2BNovember%2B12%2C%2B1920%2C%2Bat%2BRapallo%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peričić1998-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Peričić1998_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŠime_Peričić1998" class="citation book cs1">Šime Peričić (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gR_tAAAAMAAJ"><i>Gospodarska povijest Dalmacije od 18. do 20. stoljeća</i></a>. Matica hrvatska. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789536419159" title="Special:BookSources/9789536419159"><bdi>9789536419159</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gospodarska+povijest+Dalmacije+od+18.+do+20.+stolje%C4%87a&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Matica+hrvatska&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9789536419159&rft.au=%C5%A0ime+Peri%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgR_tAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Karaman-151-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Karaman-151_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIgor_Karaman2000" class="citation book cs1">Igor Karaman (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=weVNAAAAMAAJ"><i>Hrvatska na pragu modernizacije, 1750-1918</i></a>. Naklada Ljevak. p. 151. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-178-155-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-178-155-8"><bdi>978-953-178-155-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hrvatska+na+pragu+modernizacije%2C+1750-1918&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Naklada+Ljevak&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-953-178-155-8&rft.au=Igor+Karaman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DweVNAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistische übersichten über die bevölkerung und den viehstand von Österreich nach der zählung vom 31. October 1857, p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Manini2001-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Manini2001_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manini2001_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manini2001_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manini2001_47-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manini2001_47-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manini2001_47-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarino_Manini2001" class="citation book cs1">Marino Manini (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C7M4AAAAMAAJ"><i>Zbornik radova s Međunarodnog znanstvenog skupa Talijankska uprava na hrvatskom prostoru i egzodus Hrvata 1918-1943</i></a>. Hrvatski institut za povijest. p. 312.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zbornik+radova+s+Me%C4%91unarodnog+znanstvenog+skupa+Talijankska+uprava+na+hrvatskom+prostoru+i+egzodus+Hrvata+1918-1943&rft.pages=312&rft.pub=Hrvatski+institut+za+povijest&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Marino+Manini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC7M4AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dalmatia-1900-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dalmatia-1900_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dalmatia-1900_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dalmatia-1900_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Gemeindelexikon der im Reichsrate vertretenen Königreiche und Länder</i>, vol. 14: Dalmatien, p. 88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130529164005/http://www.omm1910.hu/?%2Fde%2Fdatenbank">"Spezialortsrepertorium der österreichischen Länder I-XII, Wien, 1915–1919"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omm1910.hu/?/de/datenbank">the original</a> on 2013-05-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spezialortsrepertorium+der+%C3%B6sterreichischen+L%C3%A4nder+I-XII%2C+Wien%2C+1915%E2%80%931919&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omm1910.hu%2F%3F%2Fde%2Fdatenbank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hrcak.srce.hr-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hrcak.srce.hr_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hrcak.srce.hr_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/18700">"Dvije pobjede don Ive Prodana na izborima za Carevinsko vijeće u Beču"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dvije+pobjede+don+Ive+Prodana+na+izborima+za+Carevinsko+vije%C4%87e+u+Be%C4%8Du&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Ffile%2F18700&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBilandžić1999" class="citation book cs1">Bilandžić, Dušan (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-WZsQgAACAAJ"><i>Hrvatska moderna povijest</i></a>. Golden marketing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/953-6168-50-2" title="Special:BookSources/953-6168-50-2"><bdi>953-6168-50-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hrvatska+moderna+povijest&rft.pub=Golden+marketing&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=953-6168-50-2&rft.aulast=Biland%C5%BEi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Du%C5%A1an&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-WZsQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacan1992" class="citation book cs1">Macan, Trpimir (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zE6CQgAACAAJ"><i>Povijest hrvatskog naroda</i></a>. Školska knjiga. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/86-401-0058-6" title="Special:BookSources/86-401-0058-6"><bdi>86-401-0058-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Povijest+hrvatskog+naroda&rft.pub=%C5%A0kolska+knjiga&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=86-401-0058-6&rft.aulast=Macan&rft.aufirst=Trpimir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzE6CQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Jayne, Kingsley Garland (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Dalmatia"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Dalmatia">"Dalmatia" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). pp. 772–776.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dalmatia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=772-776&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Jayne&rft.aufirst=Kingsley+Garland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Stipetić, Vladimir (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rmNKlAEACAAJ"><i>Dva stoljeća razvoja hrvatskog gospodarstva (1820.-2005.)</i></a>. HAZU. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-154-110-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-154-110-7"><bdi>978-953-154-110-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dva+stolje%C4%87a+razvoja+hrvatskog+gospodarstva+%281820.-2005.%29&rft.pub=HAZU&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-953-154-110-7&rft.aulast=Stipeti%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrmNKlAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKingdom+of+Dalmatia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kingdom_of_Dalmatia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kingdom of Dalmatia">Kingdom of Dalmatia</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/kuk_dalmatien.htm">German protectorate</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Kingdom of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Illyria" title="Kingdom of Illyria">Kingdom of Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Slavonia">Kingdom of Slavonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduchy_of_Austria" title="Archduchy of Austria">Archduchy of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bukovina" title="Duchy of Bukovina">Duchy of Bukovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Duchy of Carinthia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carniola" title="Duchy of Carniola">Duchy of Carniola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Duchy of Styria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Salzburg" title="Duchy of Salzburg">Duchy of Salzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Silesia" title="Austrian Silesia">Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1711%E2%80%931867)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867)">Grand Principality of Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_of_Istria#Habsburg_Margraviate" title="March of Istria">Margraviate of Istria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Moravia" title="Margraviate of Moravia">Margraviate of Moravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol#Counts_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Princely County of Tyrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princely_County_of_Gorizia_and_Gradisca" title="Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca">Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voivodeship_of_Serbia_and_Banat_of_Temeschwar" title="Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar">Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Free_City_of_Trieste" title="Imperial Free City of Trieste">Imperial Free City of Trieste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Frontier" title="Military Frontier">Military Frontier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subdivisions_of_Austria-Hungary" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Austria-Hungary" 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title="Archduchy of Austria">Archduchy of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bukovina" title="Duchy of Bukovina">Duchy of Bukovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Duchy of Carinthia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carniola" title="Duchy of Carniola">Duchy of Carniola</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kingdom of Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia_and_Lodomeria" title="Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria">Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Littoral" title="Austrian Littoral">Austrian Littoral</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gorizia_and_Gradisca" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorizia and Gradisca">Gorizia and Gradisca</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/March_of_Istria#Habsburg_Margraviate" title="March of Istria">Istria</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Free_City_of_Trieste" title="Imperial Free City of Trieste">Trieste</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Moravia" title="Margraviate of Moravia">Margraviate of Moravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Salzburg" title="Duchy of Salzburg">Duchy of Salzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Silesia" title="Austrian Silesia">Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Duchy of Styria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">County of Tyrol</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/County_of_Vorarlberg" class="mw-redirect" title="County of Vorarlberg">County of Vorarlberg</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transleithania" class="mw-redirect" title="Transleithania">Transleithania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia-Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia">Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_separatum_(Fiume)" title="Corpus separatum (Fiume)">Fiume and its surroundings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Frontier" title="Military Frontier">Military Frontier</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1867–1882)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Condominium_(international_law)" title="Condominium (international law)">Condominiums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_rule_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>de jure</i> 1908–1918; <i>de facto</i> 1878–1918)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Novi_Pazar" title="Sanjak of Novi Pazar">Sanjak of Novi Pazar</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(de facto 1878–1908)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Carpathian passes</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1918)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_concession_of_Tianjin" title="Austro-Hungarian concession of Tianjin">Concession zone in Tianjin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1901–1917)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kingdom_of_Dalmatia&params=44.1167_N_15.2167_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°07′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">15°13′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.1167°N 15.2167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.1167; 15.2167</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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