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href="#Istoric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istoric</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Istoric subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Așezare_geografică" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Așezare_geografică"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Așezare geografică</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Așezare_geografică-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primele_așezări" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primele_așezări"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Primele așezări</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primele_așezări-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colonizarea_germană" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonizarea_germană"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Colonizarea germană</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonizarea_germană-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prusia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prusia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Prusia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prusia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-După_Primul_Război_Mondial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#După_Primul_Război_Mondial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>După Primul Război Mondial</span> </div> </a> <ul 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<span>Personalități</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personalități-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orașe_înfrățite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orașe_înfrățite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Orașe înfrățite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orașe_înfrățite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaliningrad</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 133 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-133" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">133 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%8A%E1%8A%92%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%AB%E1%8B%B5" title="ካሊኒንግራድ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ካሊኒንግራድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyningesbeorg" title="Cyningesbeorg – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Cyningesbeorg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="كالينينغراد – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كالينينغراد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="كالينينجراد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كالينينجراد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningr%C3%A1u" title="Kaliningráu – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kaliningráu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalininqrad" title="Kalininqrad – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kalininqrad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="کالینینقراد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کالینینقراد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaliau%C4%8Dios" title="Karaliaučios – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Karaliaučios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калінінград – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Калінінград" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Каралявец – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Каралявец" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="কালিনিনগ্রাদ – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কালিনিনগ্রাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinjingrad" title="Kalinjingrad – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kalinjingrad" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad_(kapital_sa_lalawigan_sa_Rusya)" title="Kaliningrad (kapital sa lalawigan sa Rusya) – cebuană" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kaliningrad (kapital sa lalawigan sa Rusya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="کالینینگراد – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کالینینگراد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – turcă crimeeană" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcă crimeeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8A_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Калининъ Градъ – slavonă" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Калининъ Градъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – sorabă de jos" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="sorabă de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Καλίνινγκραντ – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καλίνινγκραντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="کالینینگراد – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کالینینگراد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%93" title="קלינינגרד – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קלינינגרד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="कैलिनिनग्राद – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कैलिनिनग्राद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinjingrad" title="Kalinjingrad – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kalinjingrad" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kralowc" title="Kralowc – sorabă de sus" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kralowc" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="sorabă de sus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinyingr%C3%A1d" title="Kalinyingrád – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kalinyingrád" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4" title="Կալինինգրադ – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կալինինգրադ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kal%C3%ADn%C3%ADngrad" title="Kalíníngrad – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kalíníngrad" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="カリーニングラード – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カリーニングラード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="კალინინგრადი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კალინინგრადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಲಿನಿನ್‍ಗ್ರಾಡ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಲಿನಿನ್‍ಗ್ರಾಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC%EB%8B%8C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="칼리닌그라드 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="칼리닌그라드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – komi-permiak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningradum" title="Kaliningradum – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kaliningradum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaliau%C4%8Dius" title="Karaliaučius – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karaliaučius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara%C4%BCau%C4%8Di" title="Karaļauči – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karaļauči" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="കലിനിൻഗ്രാഡ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കലിനിൻഗ്രാഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="कालिनिनग्राद – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कालिनिनग्राद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%9B%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ကာလင်နင်ဂရတ်မြို့ – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကာလင်နင်ဂရတ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Калининград ош – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Калининград ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="کالینینگراد – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کالینینگراد" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsbarg" title="Königsbarg – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Königsbarg" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lewiec" title="Królewiec – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królewiec" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%88" title="کالیننگراڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کالیننگراڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AB%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="کالینینګراد – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کالینینګراد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinjingrad" title="Kalinjingrad – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kalinjingrad" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningradi" title="Kaliningradi – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kaliningradi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калињинград – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Калињинград" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali%C5%84ingrad" title="Kalińingrad – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kalińingrad" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="கலினின்கிராத் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கலினின்கிராத்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="คาลีนินกราด – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คาลีนินกราด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrado" title="Kaliningrado – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kaliningrado" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калінінград – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Калінінград" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%88" title="کیلننگراڈ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیلننگراڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%81%E6%A0%BC%E5%8B%92" title="加里宁格勒 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="加里宁格勒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Калининград – calmucă" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Калининград" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="calmucă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="კალინინგრადი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კალინინგრადი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%93" title="קאלינינגראד – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאלינינגראד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%AF%A7%E6%A0%BC%E5%8B%92" title="加里寧格勒 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加里寧格勒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kaliningrad" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%AF%A7%E6%A0%BC%E5%8B%92" title="加里寧格勒 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="加里寧格勒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1829#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div 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href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Kaliningrad" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Kaliningrad" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&oldid=16558136" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1829" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" class="noprint"><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Special:Map/16/54.733/20.483/ro" data-zoom="16" data-lat="54.733" data-lon="20.483" data-overlays="["_81da4049da083deb273f4bbc39feb3bceef1693d"]">54°44′N 20°29′E</a><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Kaliningrad</span>)</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Special:Map/16/54.733/20.483/ro" data-zoom="16" data-lat="54.733" data-lon="20.483" data-overlays="["_81da4049da083deb273f4bbc39feb3bceef1693d"]">54.733°N 20.483°E</a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="dezambiguizare">Acest articol se referă la centrul administrativ al oblastului (regiunii) <a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kaliningrad" title="Regiunea Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a>.  Pentru alte sensuri, vedeți <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_(dezambiguizare)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kaliningrad (dezambiguizare)">Kaliningrad (dezambiguizare)</a>.</div> <table class="infocaseta" style="border-spacing:0;font-size:88%;padding:0;line-height:1.5em"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet harta" style="height:41px">Kaliningrad</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td align="center" colspan="2" class="porecla" style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:2;line-height:1.2em;background:linear-gradient( to right, rgba(45, 41, 46, 0), rgba(45, 41, 46, 0), rgba(45, 41, 46, 0), rgba(16, 23, 33, 0.25)) repeat-y right;padding-top:0">Калининград</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow infocaseta_subheader"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:var(--color-base, #000)">—  <b>Oraș</b>  —</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.7em 0.8em 0.7em 0.8em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Old_cathedral_of_Kaliningrad_in_Russia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Old_cathedral_of_Kaliningrad_in_Russia.jpg/290px-Old_cathedral_of_Kaliningrad_in_Russia.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Old_cathedral_of_Kaliningrad_in_Russia.jpg/435px-Old_cathedral_of_Kaliningrad_in_Russia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Old_cathedral_of_Kaliningrad_in_Russia.jpg/580px-Old_cathedral_of_Kaliningrad_in_Russia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2731" /></a></span><br /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td class="maptable" colspan="2" align="center" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em 0"><table align="center" style="width:100%;background:none;display:table"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="vertical-align:middle"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Kaliningrad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapel"><img alt="Drapel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Kaliningrad.svg/100px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Kaliningrad.svg/150px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Kaliningrad.svg/200px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1144" data-file-height="761" /></a></span><br /><small><b>Drapel</b></small></td><td align="center" style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Kgd_gerb.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Stemă"><img alt="Stemă" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kgd_gerb.png/83px-Kgd_gerb.png" decoding="async" width="83" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kgd_gerb.png/124px-Kgd_gerb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kgd_gerb.png/165px-Kgd_gerb.png 2x" data-file-width="176" data-file-height="213" /></a></span><br /><small><b>Stemă</b></small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" align="center"><div style="width:290px;float:none;clear:none"><div style="width:290px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:290px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Russia_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kaliningrad se află în Rusia"><img alt="Kaliningrad se află în Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Russia_edcp_location_map.svg/290px-Russia_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Russia_edcp_location_map.svg/435px-Russia_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Russia_edcp_location_map.svg/580px-Russia_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="637" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:21.794%;left:4.144%"><div style="position:absolute;left:-4px;top:-4px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kaliningrad"><img alt="Kaliningrad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size:90%;line-height:110%;color:#000 !important;position:absolute;width:6em;top:-0.75em;left:5px;text-align:left"><span style="padding:1px;float:left">Kaliningrad</span></div></div></div><div>Kaliningrad (Rusia)</div></div></div>Poziția geografică</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:small;padding-bottom:0.7em">Coordonate: <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Special:Map/16/54.733/20.483/ro" data-zoom="16" data-lat="54.733" data-lon="20.483" data-overlays="["_81da4049da083deb273f4bbc39feb3bceef1693d"]">54°44′N 20°29′E</a><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">{{PAGENAME}}</span>)</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Special:Map/16/54.733/20.483/ro" data-zoom="16" data-lat="54.733" data-lon="20.483" data-overlays="["_81da4049da083deb273f4bbc39feb3bceef1693d"]">54.733°N 20.483°E</a></span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th><a href="/wiki/%C8%9A%C4%83rile_lumii" class="mw-redirect" title="Țările lumii">Țară</a></th><th class="adr"><span class="country-name"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a></span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th><a href="/wiki/Exclav%C4%83" title="Exclavă">Exclavă</a></th><th class="adr"><span class="region"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kaliningrad" title="Regiunea Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a></span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13626398" class="extiw" title="d:Q13626398">District urban</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_urban_(Urban_district_in_Russia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="District urban (Urban district in Russia) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span></th><th class="adr"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27554528" class="extiw" title="d:Q27554528"><span lang="ru-Latn">Gorodskoi okrug Kaliningrad</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="ru-Latn">Gorodskoi okrug Kaliningrad</span> (human settlement in Russia)|]]</span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th>Atestare</th><td><time datetime="1255">1255</time> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1829#P571" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th>Numit după</th><td><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Kalinin" title="Mihail Kalinin">Mihail Kalinin</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b>Guvernare</b> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th> - Primar</th><td><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123738439" class="extiw" title="d:Q123738439"><span lang="ru-Latn">Aminov, Oleg Alekseevici</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="ru-Latn">Aminov, Oleg Alekseevici</span> (politician rus)|]]</span> (<time datetime="2023-05-10">10 mai 2023</time>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Suprafa%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Suprafață">Suprafață</a></b></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th>  - Total</th><td>215,7 <a href="/wiki/Km%C2%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Km²">km²</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Altitudine" title="Altitudine">Altitudine</a></b></td><td>5 <a href="/wiki/Nivelul_m%C4%83rii" title="Nivelul mării">m.d.m.</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b>Populație</b> (2005)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th> - Total</th><td>434.954 locuitori</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th> - <a href="/wiki/Densitatea_popula%C8%9Biei" title="Densitatea populației">Densitate</a></th><td>2,016 loc./km²</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th><a href="/wiki/Fus_orar" title="Fus orar">Fus orar</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th><a href="/wiki/Cod_po%C8%99tal" title="Cod poștal">Cod poștal</a></th><td class="adr"><span class="postal-code">236 010</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th>Prefix telefonic</th><td>+7 (01 12)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b>Localități înfrățite</b></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td> - 57 orașe înfrățite</td><td><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1829#P190" class="extiw" title="d:Q1829">listă</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th>Cod autovehicule</th><td>39</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="mergedtoprow" style="text-align:center"><b>Prezență online</b> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klgd.ru/en">www.klgd.ru</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geonames.org/554234">GeoNames</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1829#P1566" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1674442">OpenStreetMap relation</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1829#P402" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.7em 0.8em 0.7em 0.8em;align:center;margin:0 auto"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:KaliningradOB.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Poziția localității Kaliningrad"><img alt="Poziția localității Kaliningrad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/KaliningradOB.png/290px-KaliningradOB.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/KaliningradOB.png/435px-KaliningradOB.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/KaliningradOB.png 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="243" /></a><figcaption>Poziția localității Kaliningrad</figcaption></figure>Poziția localității Kaliningrad</td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #dddddd solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1829" class="extiw" title="d:Q1829">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_A%C8%99ezare" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513781">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infocaseta_subheader{background:var(--background-color-disabled-subtle,#ddd)}.mw-parser-output .infocaseta .antet{height:41px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;font-size:150%;font-weight:bolder;line-height:1.2em;color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .porecla{color:var(--color-base,#000)!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .porecla{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .porecla{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}}</style> <p><b>Kaliningrad</b> (în <a href="/wiki/Limba_rus%C4%83" title="Limba rusă">rusă</a> <span lang="ru" style="font-style:italic"><i>Калининград</i></span>, în <a href="/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83" title="Limba germană">germană</a> <span lang="de" style="font-style:italic"><i>Königsberg</i></span>, în poloneză <i>Królewiec</i>, în lituaniană <i>Karaliaučius</i>), oraș centru administrativ al regiunii cu același nume, este o <a href="/wiki/Exclav%C4%83" title="Exclavă">exclavă</a> <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">rusă</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Marea_Baltic%C4%83" title="Marea Baltică">Marea Baltică</a>. Are 440 mii locuitori și a fost fondat în <a href="/wiki/1255" title="1255">1255</a> de <a href="/wiki/Germani" title="Germani">germani</a>. </p><p><i>Königsberg</i> a fost capitala <a href="/wiki/Ordinul_teutonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordinul teutonic">Ordinului Teutonic</a>, apoi a Principatului <a href="/wiki/Prusia" title="Prusia">Prusiei</a> (din <a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a>, regat). În <a href="/wiki/1772" title="1772">1772</a> devine centru administrativ al provinciei <a href="/wiki/Prusia_Oriental%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Prusia Orientală">Prusia Orientală</a> din cadrul Regatului Prusiei. În pofida faptului că, din <a href="/wiki/1648" title="1648">1648</a>, capitala Prusiei a fost, de facto, la <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Königsbergul a rămas locul de încoronare al regilor Prusiei până în <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>. A fost cel mai important centru economic și cultural al estului german până în <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>. </p><p>La faimoasa universitate <i>Albertina</i> din acest oraș (fondată în <a href="/wiki/1544" title="1544">1544</a>, închisă în <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> de către <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniunea Sovietică">sovietici</a> și redeschisă în <a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> cu predare în limba rusă, azi numită <i>Universitatea Immanuel Kant</i>) au activat filozofii <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_von_Herder" title="Johann Gottfried von Herder">Johann Gottfried von Herder</a> și <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>, astronomul <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Bessel" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel">Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel</a>, fizicianul <a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Helmholtz" title="Hermann von Helmholtz">Hermann von Helmholtz</a>, scriitorul <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Theodor_Amadeus_Hoffmann" title="Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann">Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann</a> ș.a. </p><p>Printre monumentele de arhitectură celebre ale orașului se numărau blocul central al Universității Albertina, Domul, castelul regal (aruncat în aer de sovietici în 1967), orașul vechi <i>Knaiphof</i>, cu clădiri din secolele <a href="/wiki/Secolul_XV" class="mw-redirect" title="Secolul XV">XV</a> - <a href="/wiki/Secolul_XVIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Secolul XVIII">XVIII</a> (a suferit mult în momentul asedierii orașului din primăvara anului 1945 și a fost demolat în totalitate între <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> - <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>). </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/2_august" title="2 august">2 august</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> orașul și partea de nord a Prusiei Orientale au fost atribuite <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a>. Inițial, s-a preconizat transferul acestui teritoriu <a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituaniei</a>, la acel moment o republică unională în URSS, dar în 1946 s-a decis crearea unei regiuni în componența <a href="/wiki/Federa%C8%9Bia_Rus%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Federația Rusă">Federației Ruse</a>. Populația germană din oraș a fost <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" class="extiw" title="en:Ethnic cleansing">expatriată</a> în Germania, între <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> și <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a>, orașul fiind populat cu etnici ruși. Tot în <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> orașul a fost denumit "Kaliningrad", în amintirea lui <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Kalinin" title="Mihail Kalinin">Mihail Kalinin</a>, un apropiat al lui <a href="/wiki/Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalin">Stalin</a>. </p><p>În perioada sovietică orașul a fost o importantă bază militară. Dintre vechile monumente de arhitectură se mai păstrează cîteva porți ale orașului, inclusiv Porțile Brandenburgice (<a href="/wiki/Secolul_XVIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Secolul XVIII">secolul al XVIII-lea</a>), palatul Holstein (<a href="/wiki/Secolul_XVII" class="mw-redirect" title="Secolul XVII">secolul al XVII-lea</a>, puternic avariat), câteva biserici din secolele <a href="/wiki/Secolul_XVI" class="mw-redirect" title="Secolul XVI">XVI</a> - <a href="/wiki/Secolul_XIX" class="mw-redirect" title="Secolul XIX">XIX</a>, fostul cartier rezidențial <i>Amalienau</i> (cu vile din secolul al XIX-lea - prima jumătate a <a href="/wiki/Secolul_XX" class="mw-redirect" title="Secolul XX">secolului 20</a>), Teatrul (secolul al XIX-lea) ș.a.m.d. Recent a fost reconstruit <i>Domul</i>, unde se află și mormântul lui Kant. Există ideea reconstrucției celebrului <i>Ordenschloss</i> - castelul regal din Königsberg, rămășițele căruia sunt, în prezent, restabilite și conservate de o echipă de arheologi ruși și germani. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:K%C3%B6nigsbergWappen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/K%C3%B6nigsbergWappen.jpg/220px-K%C3%B6nigsbergWappen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/K%C3%B6nigsbergWappen.jpg/330px-K%C3%B6nigsbergWappen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/K%C3%B6nigsbergWappen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption>Blazonul orașului Königsberg</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Königsberg</b>, tradus în română ar fi "Dealul Regelui", (cunoscut în poloneză sub denumirea <i>Królewiec</i>, în lituaniană <i>Karaliaučius</i>), a fost centrul cultural, economic și administrativ al provinciei <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">germane</a> <a href="/wiki/Prusia_Oriental%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Prusia Orientală">Prusia Orientală</a>. Distrus, în mare parte, în timpul celui de-<a href="/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondial" title="Al Doilea Război Mondial">Al Doilea Război Mondial</a>. La 2 august 1945 a fost anexat de <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a> împreună cu împrejurimile sale, iar în anul <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> a primit denumirea de Kaliningrad, în amintirea lui <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Kalinin" title="Mihail Kalinin">Mihail Kalinin</a>, un om de încredere al lui <a href="/wiki/Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalin">Stalin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Așezare_geografică"><span id="A.C8.99ezare_geografic.C4.83"></span>Așezare geografică</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Așezare geografică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Așezare geografică"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Situat la gura de vărsare a râului <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pregel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pregel — pagină inexistentă">Pregel</a> în <a href="/wiki/Marea_Baltic%C4%83" title="Marea Baltică">Marea Baltică</a>, pe peninsula Frișe Nehrung, un canal de 50 km, prin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pilau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pilau — pagină inexistentă">Pilau</a>, ce leagă orașul de mare. Pe cale rutieră sau cale ferată orașul este situat la 650 km de <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>. Peninsula <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samland — pagină inexistentă">Samland</a> din regiune este cunoscută prin localitățile balneare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cranz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cranz — pagină inexistentă">Cranz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neukuhren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neukuhren — pagină inexistentă">Neukuhren</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmnicken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palmnicken — pagină inexistentă">Palmnicken</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rauschen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rauschen — pagină inexistentă">Rauschen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primele_așezări"><span id="Primele_a.C8.99ez.C4.83ri"></span>Primele așezări</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Primele așezări" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Primele așezări"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Au fost descoperite urme istorice ale unor așezări omenești provenind din epoca de piatră. Astfel de urme arheologice s-au găsit în satele prusace: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juditten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juditten — pagină inexistentă">Juditten</a> (în limba prusacă = negru), Kosse (prusacă: pomi mici), Tragheim (prusacă: poiană), Sackheim (prusacă: rășină de pin), Laak (prusacă: tufișul iepurelui) ș.a.m.d. Insula Dom a fost consolidată din cauza inundațiilor dese, în anul <a href="/wiki/1327" title="1327">1327</a> putând fi locuită. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonizarea_germană"><span id="Colonizarea_german.C4.83"></span>Colonizarea germană</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Colonizarea germană" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Colonizarea germană"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ținutul de la Marea Baltică, în jurul anului <a href="/wiki/1000" title="1000">1000</a> <a href="/wiki/E.n." title="E.n.">e.n.</a>, era locuit de popoarele baltice "pruți". În anul <a href="/wiki/1225" title="1225">1225</a> a fost întemeiat primul ordin (al teutonilor) de călugări germani, prin ordinul regelui Boemiei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottokar_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottokar II — pagină inexistentă">Ottokar II</a>, ce a cucerit cetatea existentă de lemn, înlocuind-o cu o cetate construită din piatră ,"Königsberg", ce folosea călugărilor ca fortăreață împotriva necredincioșilor "pruți". În regiunea cetății apar trei orașe germane <a href="/w/index.php?title=Altsstadt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Altsstadt — pagină inexistentă">Altsstadt</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6benicht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Löbenicht — pagină inexistentă">Löbenicht</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kneiphof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kneiphof — pagină inexistentă">Kneiphof</a>, fiecare cu o administrație proprie. După distrugerea cetății de către pruți, în <a href="/wiki/1263" title="1263">1263</a>, comunitatea germană din jurul cetății a fost refăcută. În anul <a href="/wiki/1286" title="1286">1286</a> comunitatea aparținea de <a href="/wiki/Hansa" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Hansa">Hansa</a>, cu drepturi depline de oraș al Hansei - <a href="/wiki/1340" title="1340">1340</a>. În <a href="/wiki/1330" title="1330">1330</a> - <a href="/wiki/1380" title="1380">1380</a> este construit un Dom (catedrală). După înfrângerea de la <a href="/wiki/Marienburg_(teuton)" title="Marienburg (teuton)">Marienburg</a> a cavalerilor teutoni (1457), devine cetatea Königsberg, centrul Ordinului cavalerilor călugări germani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prusia">Prusia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Prusia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Prusia"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Kaliningrad_05-2017_img09_Kant_Island.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Kaliningrad_05-2017_img09_Kant_Island.jpg/250px-Kaliningrad_05-2017_img09_Kant_Island.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Kaliningrad_05-2017_img09_Kant_Island.jpg/375px-Kaliningrad_05-2017_img09_Kant_Island.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Kaliningrad_05-2017_img09_Kant_Island.jpg/500px-Kaliningrad_05-2017_img09_Kant_Island.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5046" data-file-height="3154" /></a><figcaption>Vechea Catedrală din Kaliningrad (Königsberg)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>În <a href="/wiki/1525" title="1525">1525</a> marele magister al ordinului călugărilor (teutoni) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abrecht_von_Brandenburg-Ansbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abrecht von Brandenburg-Ansbach — pagină inexistentă">Abrecht von Brandenburg-Ansbach</a> schimbă statutul de "Țară a ordinului călugărilor" în "Principatul Prusiei", fapt ce duce la reorganizarea provinciei. După anul <a href="/wiki/1466" title="1466">1466</a> aparține de statul prusac Pommerellen și Ermland, denumit ducatul Prusiei.</li> <li>În <a href="/wiki/1569" title="1569">1569</a> (Uniunea din Lublin), o parte din regiune este unită cu Polonia.</li> <li>În <a href="/wiki/1544" title="1544">1544</a> este întemeiată Universitatea evanghelică din Königsberg, <a href="/wiki/Albertina" class="mw-redirect" title="Albertina">Albertina</a>, de către ducele Albrecht, cu rectoratul în <a href="/wiki/Elbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Elbing">Elbing</a>. Aici a ținut cursuri, ca rector al universității, Villem van de Voldersgraft, fiind și sfetnicul ducelui. Istoricul prusac <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Hartknoch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Hartknoch — pagină inexistentă">Christoph Hartknoch</a> descrie viața rectorului universității în "Vita Guilielmi" (Acta Borusica III).</li> <li>Prințul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Sigismund_von_Brandenburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Sigismund von Brandenburg — pagină inexistentă">Johann Sigismund von Brandenburg</a> urmează pe tronul ducatului Prusiei în <a href="/wiki/1618" title="1618">1618</a> și, la fel ca predecesorii săi, a trebuit să recunoască suveranitatea Poloniei. Prin manevre politice iscusite, prințul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Wilhelm_von_Brandenburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg — pagină inexistentă">Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg</a> reușește să obțină suveranitatea deplină asupra ducatului Prusiei căruia îi aparțin orașele Labiau (<a href="/wiki/1656" title="1656">1656</a>), Wehlau (<a href="/wiki/1657" title="1657">1657</a>). Friden von Oliva, în <a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>, a înăbușit o revoltă cauzată de impozitele mari care erau necesare întreținerii armatei, sumă pretinsă de Polonia (al cărui vasal rămâne mai departe).</li> <li>Abia în <a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a> devine din "Ducatul Prusiei", "Regatul Prusiei" și prințul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich III — pagină inexistentă">Friedrich III</a> poate să se încoroneze, la 18 ianuarie, în Königsberg ca regele <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_I_din_Prusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich I din Prusia — pagină inexistentă">Friedrich I din Prusia</a>. Abia în anul <a href="/wiki/1772" title="1772">1772</a> va fi numit "Frederic cel Mare" rege al Prusiei (fiind regele Prusiei de Est și Prusiei de Vest). Trei orașe, Löbenicht, Altstadt și Kneiphof se alipesc, în <a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a>, orașului Königsberg, care este capitala statului <a href="/wiki/Prusia_de_Est" class="mw-redirect" title="Prusia de Est">Prusia de Est</a>.</li> <li>Pierderi mari din numărul populației "Prusiei Răsăritene", în anii <a href="/wiki/1708" title="1708">1708</a>-<a href="/wiki/1710" title="1710">1710</a>, sunt cauzate de izbucnirea pestei, care a bântuit în regiune. Această pierdere de locuitori a fost înlăturată de "Regele soldat" <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Wilhelm I">Friedrich Wilhelm I</a> prin colonizări forțate în regiune, cum a fost, de exemplu, în <a href="/wiki/1732" title="1732">1732</a>, cazul coloniștilor aduși din <a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a> (exulanti), protestanți refugiați din cauza episcopului catolic Firmian.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_al_II-lea_al_Prusiei" title="Frederic al II-lea al Prusiei">Frederic cel Mare</a> (1740 - 1763) are în Prusia de Est câteva ciocniri de trupe cu armata țarului Rusiei și, drept urmare, provincia este ocupată, în<a href="/wiki/1758" title="1758">1758</a>, de trupele rusești.</li> <li>Marele filozof <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>, născut în <a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a>, este una dintre personalitățile provenite din orașul Königsberg; prin universitate, orașul Königsberg devine un centru al filozofiei din acea perioadă de timp.</li> <li>În anul 1800 orașul avea 60.000 de locuitori, fiind unul dintre cele mai mari orașe germane. Aici s-a născut, în <a href="/wiki/1730" title="1730">1730</a>, filozoful și scriitorul Johann Georg <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamann — pagină inexistentă">Hamann</a>, iar în <a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a> scriitorul și compozitorul <a href="/wiki/E.T.A._Hoffmann" class="mw-redirect" title="E.T.A. Hoffmann">E.T.A. Hoffmann</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_al_II-lea_al_Prusiei" title="Frederic al II-lea al Prusiei">Friedrich II-lea</a> <a href="/wiki/1772" title="1772">1772</a> a luat parte la prima împărțire a Poloniei, iar teritoriul primit la sud de fluviul Vistula va fi numit "Prusia de Vest", sub domnia regilor din dinastia <a href="/wiki/Hohenzollern" title="Hohenzollern">Hohenzollern</a>, capitala fiind Königsberg.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prusia" title="Prusia">Prusia</a> devine din nou teatru de război în timpul lui <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a>, trupele prusace fiind învinse (<a href="/wiki/1807" title="1807">1807</a>). După înfrângerea suferită de Napoleon în campania militară împotriva Rusiei, începe și în Prusia de Est reorganizarea unei lupte de eliberare, în 30 decembrie <a href="/wiki/1812" title="1812">1812</a> având loc Convenția militară de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tauroggen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tauroggen — pagină inexistentă">Tauroggen</a> între generalul prusac <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yorck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yorck — pagină inexistentă">Yorck</a> și comandantul armatei ruse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Karl_von_Diebitsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Karl von Diebitsch — pagină inexistentă">Hans Karl von Diebitsch</a>.</li> <li>Între anii <a href="/wiki/1829" title="1829">1829</a> și <a href="/wiki/1878" title="1878">1878</a> ambele provincii, "Prusia de Est" și "Prusia de Vest", au fost unite împreună ca <a href="/wiki/Prusia" title="Prusia">Prusia</a>, Königsberg fiind mai departe capitala provinciei.</li> <li>Din data de <a href="/wiki/1867" title="1867">1867</a> Prusia devine parte a "Uniunii Germane de Nord", iar din anul <a href="/wiki/1871" title="1871">1871</a> a aparținut (Imperiului) Germaniei (Al II-lea Reich).</li></ul> <p>Se mai poate aminti și anul <a href="/wiki/1860" title="1860">1860</a>, când a fost construită "calea ferată prusacă de est", făcând legătura dintre Königsberg și Berlin, ce a contribuit simțitor la dezvoltarea economică a regiunii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="După_Primul_Război_Mondial"><span id="Dup.C4.83_Primul_R.C4.83zboi_Mondial"></span>După Primul Război Mondial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: După Primul Război Mondial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: După Primul Război Mondial"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dezvoltarea economică a orașului este frânată prin distrugerile materiale și pierderile de vieți omenești din timpul războiului. Prin <a href="/wiki/Pacea_de_la_Versailles" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacea de la Versailles">Pacea de la Versailles</a>, Prusia de Est este separată de restul Germaniei, ceea ce a dus la o situație economică dezastruoasă a ținutului. </p> <ul><li>Deoarece, la sfârșitul Primului Război Mondial, împăratul este obligat să abdice, în anul <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a> devine președintele Germaniei .</li> <li>În grădina zoologică din Königsberg se organizează primul târg internațional la Marea Baltică, ceea ce duce la o ameliorare a greutăților financiare ale provinciei. Acest târg s-a ținut regulat până în anul <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>.</li> <li>În anul 1919 este proiectat primul aeroport civil din Germania de către Hans Hopp în Königsberg-Devau. Îmbunătățiri economice sunt exprimate prin inaugurarea gării de cale ferată în partea sudică a orașului și acțiunea de înlăturare a zidurilor de apărare, clădite în timpul războiului ca o centură în jurul orașului, în locul lor se amenajează parcuri (602 ha).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Al_Doilea_Război_Mondial"><span id="Al_Doilea_R.C4.83zboi_Mondial"></span>Al Doilea Război Mondial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Al Doilea Război Mondial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Al Doilea Război Mondial"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>După atacarea Uniunii Sovietice de către trupele Wehrmachtului, în 22 iunie 1941, orașul Königsberg va suferi bombardamente sovietice. Aceste atacuri aeriene încetează la pătrunderea trupelor germane mai adânc pe teritoriul sovietic, orașul fiind cruțat de distrugerile războiului până în noaptea de 26 spre 27 mai 1944, și 30 august 1944, când o mare parte a orașului, printre care centrul, catedrala, cetatea sunt distruse de bombardamentele britanice, orașul arzând mai multe zile. După aceste bombardamente s-au înregistrat 4.200 de morți, iar un număr de 200.000 de locuitori ai orașului au rămas fără adăpost. </p> <ul><li>Timp de trei luni s-au apărat locuitorii orașului încercuiți de armata sovietică, fiind complet izolați, fără ajutor din Germania. Numai cu câteva săptămâni înaintea sfârșitului războiului armata sovietică a reușit să pătrundă în oraș, soldații dând dovadă de-o cruzime deosebită (a intrat în istorie masacrul unei comunități <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masacrul_din_Metgethen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masacrul din Metgethen — pagină inexistentă">masacrul din Metgethen</a> din luna februarie 1945). Deoarece atacanții sovietici ajunseseră în Piața Universității, unde se afla buncărul lui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Lasch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otto Lasch — pagină inexistentă">Otto Lasch</a>, conducătorul militar al orașului, la data de 9 aprilie 1945, după o luptă crâncenă, cu pierderi însemnate de ambele părți, acesta se predă.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uniunea_Sovietică"><span id="Uniunea_Sovietic.C4.83"></span>Uniunea Sovietică</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Uniunea Sovietică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Uniunea Sovietică"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prin Conferința de la <a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a>, Puterile Învingătoare au hotărât ca nordul "Prusiei de Est" să treacă sub administrație sovietică. La data de <a href="/wiki/17_octombrie" title="17 octombrie">17 octombrie</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> Uniunea Sovietică a integrat partea anexată sub numele de "Kaliningradskaia Oblast" (Regiunea Kaliningrad), cu capitala regiunii Kaliningrad (Königsberg). În anul <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> este schimbat numele orașului în Kaliningrad. Din luna octombrie <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a> s-a început transportul în Germania a populației germane din oraș și din împrejurimi, iar în anul 1948 locuitorii germani au fost definitiv alungați din oraș (până în acel moment se aflau în oraș încă 150.000 de civili germani, majoritatea femei, copii și bătrâni). Acești locuitori au fost arestați și, ca deținuți politici, au fost maltratați și obligați să reconstruiască patria sovietică (din cauza condamnărilor la moarte, foametei și bolilor de subnutriție, abia circa 20.000 dintre ei au reușit să supraviețuiască). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personalități"><span id="Personalit.C4.83.C8.9Bi"></span>Personalități</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Personalități" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Personalități"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonhard_Euler" title="Leonhard Euler">Leonhard Euler</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> - <a href="/wiki/1783" title="1783">1783</a>), <a href="/wiki/Matematician" title="Matematician">matematician</a> <a href="/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia" title="Elveția">elvețian</a>; a rezolvat <i>problema celor 7 poduri din Königsberg</i>, <i>fondatorul <a href="/wiki/Topologie" title="Topologie">topologiei</a></i>, care a dus la formularea <i>teoriei <a href="/wiki/Graf" title="Graf">grafurilor</a></i>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Georg_Hamann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Georg Hamann — pagină inexistentă">Johann Georg Hamann</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76499" class="extiw" title="d:Q76499"><span title="Johann Georg Hamann la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, (<a href="/wiki/1730" title="1730">1730</a> - <a href="/wiki/1788" title="1788">1788</a>), <a href="/wiki/Scriitor" title="Scriitor">scriitor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filozof" title="Filozof">filozof</a> <a href="/wiki/German" class="mw-redirect" title="German">german</a>; adversar al <i>criticismului kantian</i>, exponent al filozofiei <i>sentimentului și credinței</i>, promotor al curentului <i><a href="/wiki/Sturm_und_Drang" title="Sturm und Drang">Sturm und Drang</a></i> și precursor al <i>romantismului</i>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_von_Herder" title="Johann Gottfried von Herder">Johann Gottfried von Herder</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1744" title="1744">1744</a> - <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a>), <a href="/wiki/Filosof" class="mw-redirect" title="Filosof">filosof</a> <a href="/wiki/Iluminism" title="Iluminism">iluminist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Critic_literar" class="mw-redirect" title="Critic literar">critic literar</a> și scriitor german; profesor la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitatea_din_K%C3%B6nigsberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitatea din Königsberg — pagină inexistentă">Universitatea din Königsberg</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672420" class="extiw" title="d:Q672420"><span title="Universitatea din Königsberg la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a> (<a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a> - <a href="/wiki/1804" title="1804">1804</a>), filosof german născut la <i>Königsberg</i>, profesor universitar la <i>Königsberg</i>, întemeietor al <i>filosofiei clasice germane</i>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Bessel" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel">Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1784" title="1784">1784</a> – <a href="/wiki/1846" title="1846">1846</a>), <a href="/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom">astronom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geodezie" title="Geodezie">geodezian</a> și matematician german;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T.A._Hoffmann" class="mw-redirect" title="E.T.A. Hoffmann">Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a> - <a href="/wiki/1882" title="1882">1882</a>), scriitor, <a href="/wiki/Compozitor" title="Compozitor">compozitor</a> și <a href="/wiki/Pictor" title="Pictor">pictor</a> romantic german, născut la <i>Königsberg</i>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Helmholtz" title="Hermann von Helmholtz">Hermann von Helmholtz</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1821" title="1821">1821</a> - <a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fizician" title="Fizician">fizician</a> și <a href="/wiki/Fiziologie" title="Fiziologie">fiziolog</a> german;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff" title="Gustav Robert Kirchhoff">Gustav Robert Kirchhoff</a> (<a href="/wiki/1824" title="1824">1824</a> - <a href="/wiki/1887" title="1887">1887</a>), fizician german;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Clebsch" title="Alfred Clebsch">Alfred Clebsch</a> (<a href="/wiki/1833" title="1833">1833</a> - <a href="/wiki/1872" title="1872">1872</a>), matematician german;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Braun" title="Otto Braun">Otto Braun</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1872" title="1872">1872</a> - <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a>), <a href="/wiki/Prim-ministru" title="Prim-ministru">prim-ministru</a> al <a href="/wiki/Republica_de_la_Weimar" title="Republica de la Weimar">Republicii de la Weimar</a>, s-a născut la <i>Königsberg</i>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Friedrich_Goerdeler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Friedrich Goerdeler — pagină inexistentă">Carl Friedrich Goerdeler</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a> - <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>), a participat la atentatul eșuat contra lui <a href="/wiki/Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler">Hitler</a>, de la <a href="/wiki/20_iulie" title="20 iulie">20 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Otto Wallach</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1847" title="1847">1847</a> - <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>), <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Nobel" title="Premiul Nobel">premiul Nobel</a> pentru <a href="/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie">chimie</a>, pentru lucrările sale privitoare la <i>compușii aliciclici</i>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Reichert" title="Manfred Reichert">Manfred Reichert</a> (<a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> - <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fotbal" title="Fotbal">fotbalist</a> german;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liudmila_Putina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liudmila Putina — pagină inexistentă">Liudmila Putina</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233282" class="extiw" title="d:Q233282"><span title="Liudmila Putina la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> (n. <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a>), soția lui <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tania_Mihailova-Saar" title="Tania Mihailova-Saar">Tania Mihailova-Saar</a> (n. <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a>), <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2nt%C4%83rea%C8%9B%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Cântăreață">cântăreață</a>, <a href="/wiki/Actri%C8%9B%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Actriță">actriță</a> <a href="/wiki/Ru%C8%99i" title="Ruși">ruso</a>-<a href="/wiki/Estoni" title="Estoni">estonă</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orașe_înfrățite"><span id="Ora.C8.99e_.C3.AEnfr.C4.83.C8.9Bite"></span>Orașe înfrățite</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Orașe înfrățite" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Orașe înfrățite"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Poloniei"><img alt="Drapelul Poloniei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Germaniei"><img alt="Drapelul Germaniei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Ţărilor de Jos"><img alt="Drapelul Ţărilor de Jos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Groningen_(ora%C8%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="Groningen (oraș)">Groningen</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C8%9A%C4%83rile_de_Jos" title="Țările de Jos">Țările de Jos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Olanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Olanda">Olanda</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliningrad&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lista_regilor_Prusiei" title="Lista regilor Prusiei">Lista regilor Prusiei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germania#Istorie" title="Germania">Istoria Germaniei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonia#Istorie" title="Polonia">Istoria Poloniei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclav%C4%83" title="Exclavă">Exclavă</a></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="clear:right;border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0 0 1em 1em;font-size:90%;background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9);color:color:var(--color-base, #000);width:230px;padding:2px;spacing:2px;text-align:center;float:right"><div style="float:left;vertical-align:middle"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left:35px;line-height:normal;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kaliningrad?uselang=ro">Kaliningrad</a></b></span></div></div> <p><br /> </p> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Subdiviziuni_ale_Rusiei" title="Format:Subdiviziuni ale Rusiei"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Subdiviziuni_ale_Rusiei" title="Discuție Format:Subdiviziuni ale Rusiei"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Subdiviziuni_ale_Rusiei&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emp%C4%83r%C8%9Birea_administrativ%C4%83_a_Rusiei" class="mw-redirect" title="Împărțirea administrativă a Rusiei">Împărțirea administrativă</a> a <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusiei</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Subiectele_federale_ale_Rusiei" class="mw-redirect" title="Subiectele federale ale Rusiei">Subiecte federale</a></b> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Republicile_Rusiei" title="Republicile Rusiei">Republici</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%AEgheia" title="Adîgheia">Adîgheia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republica_Altai" title="Republica Altai">Republica Altai</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ba%C8%99chiria" title="Bașchiria">Bașchiria</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bureatia" title="Bureatia">Buriatia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Cabardino-Balcaria</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Calm%C3%AEchia" class="mw-redirect" title="Calmîchia">Calmîchia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Karelia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Karelia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Karelia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Karelia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Karelia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Karelia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republica_Carelia" title="Republica Carelia">Carelia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cecenia" title="Cecenia">Cecenia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ciuva%C8%99ia" title="Ciuvașia">Ciuvașia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Crimeea"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republica_Crimeea" title="Republica Crimeea">Crimeea</a></span><sup>3</sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan">Daghestan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Khakassia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Khakassia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Khakassia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Khakassia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Khakassia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Khakassia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hakasia" title="Hakasia">Hakasia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iacutia" title="Iacutia">Iacutia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ingu%C8%99etia" title="Ingușetia">Ingușetia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Komi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Komi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Komi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Komi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Komi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Komi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republica_Komi" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Komi">Komi</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Karaciai-Cerchezia" title="Karaciai-Cerchezia">Karaciai-Cerchezia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El">Mari El</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Mordovia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mordovia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Mordovia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mordovia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Mordovia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mordovia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mordovia" title="Mordovia">Mordovia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Osetia_de_Nord" title="Osetia de Nord">Osetia de Nord</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="270" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Udmurtia" title="Udmurtia">Udmurtia</a> </span></p> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainuturile_Rusiei" title="Ținuturile Rusiei">Ținuturi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Altai_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Altai_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Altai_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Altai_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Altai_Krai.svg/46px-Flag_of_Altai_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Altai" title="Ținutul Altai">Ținutul Altai</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Khabarovsk_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Khabarovsk_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Khabarovsk_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Khabarovsk_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Khabarovsk_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Khabarovsk_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Habarovsk" title="Ținutul Habarovsk">Habarovsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Kamchatka_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kamchatka_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Kamchatka_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kamchatka_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Kamchatka_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kamchatka_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Kamceatka" title="Ținutul Kamceatka">Kamceatka</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Krasnodar" title="Ținutul Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Krasnoyarsk_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Krasnoyarsk_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Krasnoyarsk_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Krasnoyarsk_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Krasnoyarsk_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Krasnoyarsk_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Krasnoiarsk" title="Ținutul Krasnoiarsk">Krasnoiarsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Perm_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Perm_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Perm_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Perm_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Perm_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Perm_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Perm" title="Ținutul Perm">Perm</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Primorsky_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Primorsky_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Primorsky_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Primorsky_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Primorsky_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Primorsky_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="377" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Primorie" title="Ținutul Primorie">Primorie</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Stavropol" title="Ținutul Stavropol">Stavropol</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Zabaykalsky_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zabaykalsky_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Zabaykalsky_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zabaykalsky_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Zabaykalsky_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zabaykalsky_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C8%9Ainutul_Transbaikal" title="Ținutul Transbaikal">Transbaikal</a> </span></p> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Regiunile_Rusiei" title="Regiunile Rusiei">Regiuni</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Amur_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Amur_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Amur_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Amur_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Amur_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Amur_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Amur" title="Regiunea Amur">Amur</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Arkhangelsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Arkhangelsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Arkhangelsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Arkhangelsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Arkhangelsk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Arkhangelsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Arhanghelsk" title="Regiunea Arhanghelsk">Arhanghelsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg/22px-Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg/34px-Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg/44px-Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="527" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Astrahan" title="Regiunea Astrahan">Astrahan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Belgorod_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgorod_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Belgorod_Oblast.svg/34px-Flag_of_Belgorod_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Belgorod_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgorod_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="305" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Belgorod" title="Regiunea Belgorod">Belgorod</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Bryansk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bryansk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Bryansk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bryansk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Bryansk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bryansk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Breansk" title="Regiunea Breansk">Breansk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Celeabinsk" title="Regiunea Celeabinsk">Celeabinsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Yaroslavl_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yaroslavl_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Yaroslavl_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yaroslavl_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Yaroslavl_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yaroslavl_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="531" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Iaroslavl" title="Regiunea Iaroslavl">Iaroslavl</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Irkutsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Irkutsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Irkutsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Irkutsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Irkutsk_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_Irkutsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="658" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Irkutsk" title="Regiunea Irkutsk">Irkutsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Ivanovo_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ivanovo_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Ivanovo_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ivanovo_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Ivanovo_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ivanovo_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Ivanovo" title="Regiunea Ivanovo">Ivanovo</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kaliningrad_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="420" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kaliningrad" title="Regiunea Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Kaluga_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kaluga_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Kaluga_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kaluga_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Kaluga_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kaluga_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="762" data-file-height="505" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kaluga" title="Regiunea Kaluga">Kaluga</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Kemerovo_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kemerovo_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Kemerovo_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kemerovo_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Kemerovo_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kemerovo_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kemerovo" title="Regiunea Kemerovo">Kemerovo</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Kirov_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kirov_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Kirov_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kirov_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Kirov_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kirov_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kirov" title="Regiunea Kirov">Kirov</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Kostroma_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kostroma_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Kostroma_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kostroma_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Kostroma_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kostroma_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kostroma" title="Regiunea Kostroma">Kostroma</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Kurgan_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kurgan_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Kurgan_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kurgan_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Kurgan_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kurgan_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kurgan" title="Regiunea Kurgan">Kurgan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Kursk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kursk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Kursk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kursk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Kursk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kursk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="350" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Kursk" title="Regiunea Kursk">Kursk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Leningrad_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Leningrad_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Leningrad_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Leningrad_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Leningrad_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Leningrad_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Leningrad" title="Regiunea Leningrad">Leningrad</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Lipetsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lipetsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Lipetsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lipetsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Lipetsk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lipetsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Lipe%C8%9Bk" title="Regiunea Lipețk">Lipețk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Magadan_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Magadan_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Magadan_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Magadan_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Magadan_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Magadan_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Magadan" title="Regiunea Magadan">Magadan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Moscow_oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moscow_oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Moscow_oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moscow_oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Moscow_oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Moscow_oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Moscova" title="Regiunea Moscova">Regiunea Moscova</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Murmansk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Murmansk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Murmansk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Murmansk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Murmansk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Murmansk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Murmansk" title="Regiunea Murmansk">Murmansk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg/45px-Flag_of_Nizhny_Novgorod_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1757" data-file-height="1173" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Nijni_Novgorod" title="Regiunea Nijni Novgorod">Nijni Novgorod</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Novgorod_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Novgorod_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Novgorod_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Novgorod_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Novgorod_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Novgorod_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Novgorod" title="Regiunea Novgorod">Novgorod</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Novosibirsk_oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Novosibirsk_oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Novosibirsk_oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Novosibirsk_oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Novosibirsk_oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Novosibirsk_oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Novosibirsk" title="Regiunea Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Omsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Omsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Omsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Omsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Omsk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Omsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Omsk" title="Regiunea Omsk">Omsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Orenburg_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Orenburg_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Orenburg_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Orenburg_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Orenburg_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Orenburg_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Orenburg" title="Regiunea Orenburg">Orenburg</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Oryol_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oryol_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Oryol_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oryol_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Oryol_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Oryol_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Oriol" title="Regiunea Oriol">Oriol</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Penza_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Penza_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Penza_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Penza_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Penza_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Penza_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Penza" title="Regiunea Penza">Penza</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Pskov_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pskov_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Pskov_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pskov_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Pskov_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pskov_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2751" data-file-height="1834" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Pskov" title="Regiunea Pskov">Pskov</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Rostov" title="Regiunea Rostov">Rostov</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Ryazan_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ryazan_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Ryazan_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ryazan_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Ryazan_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ryazan_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Reazan" title="Regiunea Reazan">Reazan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Flag_of_Sakhalin_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sakhalin_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Flag_of_Sakhalin_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sakhalin_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Flag_of_Sakhalin_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sakhalin_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Sahalin" title="Regiunea Sahalin">Sahalin</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Samara_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Samara_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Samara_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Samara_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Samara_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Samara_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="440" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Samara" title="Regiunea Samara">Samara</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Saratov_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saratov_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Saratov_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saratov_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Saratov_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saratov_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Saratov" title="Regiunea Saratov">Saratov</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Smolensk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Smolensk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Smolensk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Smolensk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Smolensk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Smolensk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Smolensk" title="Regiunea Smolensk">Smolensk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Sverdlovsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sverdlovsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Sverdlovsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sverdlovsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Sverdlovsk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sverdlovsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Sverdlovsk" title="Regiunea Sverdlovsk">Sverdlovsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Tambov_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tambov_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Tambov_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tambov_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_Tambov_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tambov_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="902" data-file-height="599" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Tambov" title="Regiunea Tambov">Tambov</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Tyumen_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tyumen_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Tyumen_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tyumen_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Tyumen_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tyumen_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Tiumen" title="Regiunea Tiumen">Tiumen</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Tomsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tomsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Tomsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tomsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Tomsk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tomsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Tomsk" title="Regiunea Tomsk">Tomsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Tula_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tula_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Tula_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tula_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Tula_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tula_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1949" data-file-height="1298" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Tula" title="Regiunea Tula">Tula</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Tver_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tver_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Tver_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tver_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Tver_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tver_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Tver" title="Regiunea Tver">Tver</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Ulyanovsk_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ulyanovsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Ulyanovsk_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ulyanovsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Ulyanovsk_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ulyanovsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Ulianovsk" title="Regiunea Ulianovsk">Ulianovsk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Vladimiri_Oblast.png/23px-Flag_of_Vladimiri_Oblast.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Vladimiri_Oblast.png/35px-Flag_of_Vladimiri_Oblast.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Vladimiri_Oblast.png/46px-Flag_of_Vladimiri_Oblast.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Vladimir" title="Regiunea Vladimir">Vladimir</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Volgograd" title="Regiunea Volgograd">Volgograd</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_Vologda_oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vologda_oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_Vologda_oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vologda_oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_Vologda_oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vologda_oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Vologda" title="Regiunea Vologda">Vologda</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Voronezh_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Voronezh_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Voronezh_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Voronezh_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Voronezh_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_Voronezh_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Voronej" title="Regiunea Voronej">Voronej</a> </span></p> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Ora%C8%99e_federale_ale_Rusiei" title="Orașe federale ale Rusiei">Orașe federale</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Moscow%2C_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moscow%2C_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Moscow%2C_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moscow%2C_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Moscow%2C_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Moscow%2C_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="356" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Moscova" title="Moscova">Moscova</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Saint_Petersburg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Petersburg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Saint_Petersburg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Petersburg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Saint_Petersburg.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Petersburg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sankt_Petersburg" title="Sankt Petersburg">Sankt Petersburg</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup>3</sup> </span></p> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Regiuni_autonome_ale_Rusiei" class="mw-redirect" title="Regiuni autonome ale Rusiei">Regiune autonomă</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_the_Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_the_Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_the_Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="240" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Autonom%C4%83_Evreiasc%C4%83" title="Regiunea Autonomă Evreiască">Regiunea Autonomă Evreiască</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Districte_autonome_ale_Rusiei" title="Districte autonome ale Rusiei">Districte autonome</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Districtul_autonom_Ciukotka" title="Districtul autonom Ciukotka">Ciukotka</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Districtul_autonom_Hant%C3%AE-Mansi" title="Districtul autonom Hantî-Mansi">Hantî-Mansi</a><sup>1</sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Districtul_autonom_Iamalia-Nene%C8%9Bia" title="Districtul autonom Iamalia-Neneția">Iamalia-Neneția</a><sup>1</sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/45px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Districtul_autonom_Nene%C8%9Bia" title="Districtul autonom Neneția">Neneția</a><sup>2</sup> </span></p> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Districte_federale_ale_Rusiei" class="mw-redirect" title="Districte federale ale Rusiei">Districte federale</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Central" title="Districtul Federal Central">Central</a> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Crimeea" title="Districtul Federal Crimeea">Crimeea</a><sup>3</sup> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Orientul_%C3%8Endep%C4%83rtat" title="Districtul Federal Orientul Îndepărtat">Orientul Îndepărtat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Nord-Caucazian" title="Districtul Federal Nord-Caucazian">Nord-Caucazian</a> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Nord-Vestic" title="Districtul Federal Nord-Vestic">Nord-Vestic</a> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Siberian" title="Districtul Federal Siberian">Siberian</a> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Sudic" title="Districtul Federal Sudic">Sudic</a> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Ural" title="Districtul Federal Ural">Ural</a> • <a href="/wiki/Districtul_Federal_Volga" title="Districtul Federal Volga">Volga</a></div>  </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><sup>1</sup> Fac parte din <a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Tiumen" title="Regiunea Tiumen">regiunea Tiumen</a>; <sup>2</sup> Face parte din <a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Arhanghelsk" title="Regiunea Arhanghelsk">regiunea Arhanghelsk</a>; <sup>3</sup>Anexate de <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> fără aprobarea Guvernului Ucrainean; internațional recunoscute ca parte a <a href="/wiki/Ucraina" 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