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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operational history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operational history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-St_Nazaire_raid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#St_Nazaire_raid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>St Nazaire raid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-St_Nazaire_raid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mediterranean_theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mediterranean_theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Mediterranean theatre</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"2nd Commando" redirects here. For the Australian regiment, see <a href="/wiki/2nd_Commando_Regiment_(Australia)" title="2nd Commando Regiment (Australia)">2nd Commando Regiment (Australia)</a>. For the Canadian batalion, see <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Airborne_Regiment" title="Canadian Airborne Regiment">Canadian Airborne Regiment</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">No. 2 Commando</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1940–1946</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="406" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Commandos" class="mw-redirect" title="British Commandos">Commando</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data">Coastal raiding force<br />Assault Infantry</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">Battalion</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Combined_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined Operations">Combined Operations</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_Nazaire_Raid" title="St Nazaire Raid">St Nazaire Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Italy#Salerno_landings" title="Allied invasion of Italy">Salerno landings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Devon" title="Operation Devon">Operation Devon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Comacchio" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Lake Comacchio">Battle of Lake Comacchio</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Colonel">Lieutenant Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Charles_Newman" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus Charles Newman">Augustus Charles Newman</a> VC OBE TD<br />Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/Jack_Churchill" title="Jack Churchill">Jack Churchill</a> DSO* MC*<br />Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_West_Fynn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis West Fynn (page does not exist)">Francis West Fynn</a> MC</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Combined Operations Shoulder Patch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Commandos_Patch.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Insignia of Combined Operations units it is a combination of a red Thompson submachine gun, a pair of wings, an anchor and mortar rounds on a black backing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/British_Commandos_Patch.svg/70px-British_Commandos_Patch.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/British_Commandos_Patch.svg/105px-British_Commandos_Patch.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/British_Commandos_Patch.svg/140px-British_Commandos_Patch.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="403" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p><b>No. 2 Commando</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalion</a>-sized <a href="/wiki/British_Commandos" class="mw-redirect" title="British Commandos">British Commando</a> unit of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army_during_the_Second_World_War" title="British Army during the Second World War">British Army during the Second World War</a>. The first No.2 Commando was formed on 22 June 1940 for a parachuting role at Cambrai Barracks, <a href="/wiki/Perham_Down" title="Perham Down">Perham Down</a>, near Tidworth, Hants. The unit at the time consisted of four troops: 'A', 'B', 'C' and 'D'. Eventually 11 troops were raised.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 21 November, it was re-designated as the 11th Special Air Service (SAS) Battalion and eventually re-designated <a href="/wiki/1st_Battalion,_Parachute_Regiment" title="1st Battalion, Parachute Regiment">1st Parachute Battalion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After their re-designation as the 11th SAS Battalion, a second No. 2 Commando was formed. This No. 2 Commando was the leading commando unit in the <a href="/wiki/St_Nazaire_Raid" title="St Nazaire Raid">St Nazaire Raid</a> and suffered heavy casualties. Those who made it back from St Nazaire rejoined the few who had not gone on the raid, and the commando was reinforced by the first intake of volunteers from the new Commando Basic Training Centre at Achnacarry. No. 2 Commando then went on to serve in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_and_Middle_East_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II">Mediterranean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Sicily</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, before being disbanded in 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-mo91_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mo91-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The commandos were formed in 1940, by the order of <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">British Prime Minister</a>. He called for specially trained troops that would "develop a reign of terror down the enemy coast".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At first they were a small force of volunteers who carried out small raids against enemy occupied territory,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but by 1943 their role had changed into lightly equipped assault Infantry which specialised in spearheading <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">amphibious landings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The man initially selected as the overall commander of the force was <a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_Fleet_(Royal_Navy)" title="Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Sir" title="Sir">Sir</a> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Keyes" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Keyes">Roger Keyes</a> himself a veteran of the landings at <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallipoli Campaign">Galipoli</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Zeebrugge_raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeebrugge raid">Zeebrugge raid</a> in the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Keyes resigned in October 1941 and was replaced by Admiral <a href="/wiki/Louis_Mountbatten,_1st_Earl_Mountbatten_of_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma">Louis Mountbatten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-haw48_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haw48-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the autumn of 1940 more than 2,000 men had volunteered for commando training, and what became known as the <a href="/wiki/Special_Service_Brigade" title="Special Service Brigade">Special Service Brigade</a> was formed into 12 units called commandos.<sup id="cite_ref-haw48_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haw48-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each commando would number around 450 men commanded by a <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)">lieutenant colonel</a>. They were subdivided into <a href="/wiki/Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Troops">troops</a> of 75 men and further divided into 15-man <a href="/wiki/Section_(military_unit)" title="Section (military unit)">sections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-haw48_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haw48-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commandos were all volunteers seconded from other British Army regiments and retained their own <a href="/wiki/Cap_badge" title="Cap badge">cap badges</a>, with the exception of No 2 Commando who adopted the fighting knife as their cap badge, and remained on their regimental roll for pay purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-mo12_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mo12-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially commando training was done on a unit basis with selected officers and nco's attending STC Lochailort for specialist training, returning to their units to pass on the skills learnt. From February 1942 the then STC at Achnacarry which was being used as a Holding wing for Lochailort, was renamed the Commando Depot ( later redesignated as the Commando Basic Training Centre) and became the centre for all Commando training. Initially the volunteers went through a six-week intensive commando course at <a href="/wiki/Achnacarry" title="Achnacarry">Achnacarry</a>, in the Scottish Highlands.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Training concentrated on fitness, speed marches, weapons training, map reading, climbing, small boat operations and demolitions both by day and by night.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1943 the commandos had moved away from small raiding operations and had been formed into <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigades</a> of assault infantry to spearhead future Allied landing operations. Three units were left un-brigaded to carry out smaller-scale raids.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1943 the commando formation was also standardised, into a small headquarters, five fighting Troops, a Heavy Weapons troop, and a signals platoon. The fighting Troops consisted of 65 men of all ranks divided into two 30-man sections which, in turn, were divided into three ten man sub-sections. The Heavy Weapons Troop was made up of 3 inch Mortar and <a href="/wiki/Vickers_machine_gun" title="Vickers machine gun">Vickers machine gun</a> teams.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first No 2 Commando, under the command of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)">Lieutenant Colonel</a> Jackson, did not carry out any operations before being turned over to parachute duties - it was subsequently taken prisoner of war in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Compass" title="Operation Compass">Operation Compass</a>. After the formation of the 11th SAS Battalion a new No. 2 Commando was formed, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Charles_Newman" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus Charles Newman">Augustus Charles Newman</a>, from a new batch of volunteers.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first action that men from No. 2 Commando were involved in was two <a href="/wiki/Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Troops">troops</a> supporting <a href="/wiki/No._3_Commando" title="No. 3 Commando">No. 3 Commando</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Archery" title="Operation Archery">Vaagso raid</a> in December 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next action involving men of No. 2 Commando was <a href="/wiki/Operation_Musketoon" title="Operation Musketoon">Operation Musketoon</a> in September 1942. This was a raid against the <a href="/wiki/Glomfjord_power_plant" title="Glomfjord power plant">Glomfjord hydroelectric power plant</a> in <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>. The raid, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Captain_(land)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (land)">Captain</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Graeme_Black&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graeme Black (page does not exist)">Graeme Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Cross" title="Military Cross">MC</a>, landed by submarine and succeeded in blowing up pipelines, turbines and tunnels, effectively destroying the generating station; the associated aluminium plant was shut down permanently. One commando was killed in the raid; another seven were captured while trying to escape the area and were taken to <a href="/wiki/Colditz_Castle" title="Colditz Castle">Colditz Castle</a>. From there they were taken to <a href="/wiki/Sachsenhausen_(detention_camp)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sachsenhausen (detention camp)">Sachsenhausen concentration camp</a> and executed, the first victims of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Commando_Order" title="Commando Order">Commando Order</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The three remaining commandos managed to escape to Sweden, eventually returning to No. 2 Commando.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="St_Nazaire_raid">St Nazaire raid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: St Nazaire raid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101II-MW-3721-19,_St._Nazaire,_britische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="two British soldiers one appears wounded being helped by his comrade with a German guard in the background" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101II-MW-3721-19%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101II-MW-3721-19%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101II-MW-3721-19%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101II-MW-3721-19%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101II-MW-3721-19%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101II-MW-3721-19%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="795" /></a><figcaption>Commandos captured after the <a href="/wiki/St_Nazaire_Raid" title="St Nazaire Raid">St Nazaire Raid</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-065-2302-39,_St._Nazaire,_britischer_Kriegsgefangener.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-065-2302-39%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britischer_Kriegsgefangener.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-065-2302-39%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britischer_Kriegsgefangener.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-065-2302-39%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britischer_Kriegsgefangener.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-065-2302-39%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britischer_Kriegsgefangener.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-065-2302-39%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britischer_Kriegsgefangener.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-065-2302-39%2C_St._Nazaire%2C_britischer_Kriegsgefangener.jpg 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="508" /></a><figcaption>A wounded Highlander POW of Captain Roy Detachment after the <a href="/wiki/St_Nazaire_Raid" title="St Nazaire Raid">St Nazaire Raid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/St_Nazaire_Raid" title="St Nazaire Raid">St Nazaire Raid</a> (Operation Chariot) was a seaborne attack on the heavily defended docks of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Nazaire" title="Saint-Nazaire">St. Nazaire</a> in occupied France on the night of 28 March 1942. The raid has since been called "The greatest raid of all".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was a <a href="/wiki/Combined_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined operation">combined operation</a> undertaken by <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> and Commando units. The main commando force was provided by No. 2 Commando with supporting demolition parties from other commando units.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intention of the raid was to destroy the <a href="/wiki/Dry_dock" title="Dry dock">dry dock</a> which would force any large German warship in need of repairs, such as the <i><a href="/wiki/German_battleship_Tirpitz" title="German battleship Tirpitz">Tirpitz</a></i>, to return to home waters rather than seek safe haven along the Atlantic coast.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the 600 men who left the port of <a href="/wiki/Falmouth,_Cornwall" title="Falmouth, Cornwall">Falmouth, Cornwall</a>, England, on the raid only 225 would return.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main commando force was 100 men from No.2 Commando. In addition to demolition tasks, they were to assault the harbour gun positions and provide covering fire for the demolition parties. Demolition Parties from No.2 Commando were supported by those drawn from <a href="/wiki/No._1_Commando" title="No. 1 Commando">No. 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/No._3_Commando" title="No. 3 Commando">No. 3</a>, <a href="/wiki/No._4_Commando" title="No. 4 Commando">No. 4</a>, <a href="/wiki/No._5_Commando" title="No. 5 Commando">No. 5</a>, <a href="/wiki/No._9_Commando" title="No. 9 Commando">No. 9</a> and <a href="/wiki/No._12_Commando" title="No. 12 Commando">No. 12 Commando</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The raid was considered a success even with 25% of the force killed and most of the rest captured.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commando Commanding Officer Lieutenant Colonel Newman and his surviving troops were captured trying to escape the town into open country, when they ran out of ammunition. For his part in the raid Newman was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gaz_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gaz-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Posthumous_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Posthumous recognition">posthumous</a> Victoria Cross was awarded after the war to <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Durrant" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Durrant">Thomas Durrant</a> of No. 1 Commando for his part in the raid, upon recommendation by Newman.<sup id="cite_ref-gaz_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gaz-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mediterranean_theatre">Mediterranean theatre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mediterranean theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the capture of Lieutenant Colonel Newman at St Nazaire the commando unit received a new commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/Jack_Churchill" title="Jack Churchill">Jack Churchill</a>, in April 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commando was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_and_Middle_East_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II">Mediterranean Theatre</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/2nd_Special_Service_Brigade" title="2nd Special Service Brigade">2nd Special Service Brigade</a> and in July 1943 landed at <a href="/wiki/Catania" title="Catania">Catania</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No. 2 Commando had a quiet time in the Sicily campaign and their only noteworthy action was landing in advance of the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Eighth Army (United Kingdom)">British Eighth Army</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scaletta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scaletta (page does not exist)">Scaletta</a> about 15 miles (24 km) south of <a href="/wiki/Messina" title="Messina">Messina</a> on 15 August. Here they engaged the German rearguard and then on 16 August were involved in house to house fighting in Scaletta itself.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salerno">Salerno</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Salerno"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SalernoDDayPlans1943.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="map showing Allied landing areas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/SalernoDDayPlans1943.jpg/400px-SalernoDDayPlans1943.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/SalernoDDayPlans1943.jpg/600px-SalernoDDayPlans1943.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/SalernoDDayPlans1943.jpg/800px-SalernoDDayPlans1943.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="829" /></a><figcaption>Salerno D-Day plan.</figcaption></figure> <p>After Sicily was secured, the <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Italy" title="Allied invasion of Italy">Allied invasion of Italy</a> followed, beginning 3 September 1943. No. 2 Commando landed at <a href="/wiki/Vietri_sul_Mare" title="Vietri sul Mare">Vietri sul Mare</a> at 03:30 hours, their initial target was a German gun battery. After the commandos scaled the cliffs they discovered the battery was undefended; they moved towards Vietri itself, and the town was secured two hours later. Establishing their headquarters there, they then opened Marina beach for further landings.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No. 2 Commando was next ordered to capture a German observation post outside of the town of <a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Molina_(Italy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Molina (Italy) (page does not exist)">La Molina</a> which controlled a pass leading down to the Salerno beach-head. No. 2 and <a href="/wiki/41_Commando" title="41 Commando">No. 41 (Royal Marine) Commandos</a>, infiltrated the town and captured the post, taking 42 prisoners including a mortar squad.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 11 September the commandos made contact with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Rangers" title="United States Army Rangers">U.S. Army Rangers</a> who had landed to their west.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 13 September the commando defended the village of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dragone_(Italy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dragone (Italy) (page does not exist)">Dragone</a> against the attacking <a href="/wiki/Fallschirmj%C3%A4ger" title="Fallschirmjäger">German paratroopers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panzergrenadier" title="Panzergrenadier">panzergrenadiers</a>. The battle cost the commando 28 dead and 51 wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a day's rest following the battle the commando moved to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mercatello&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mercatello (page does not exist)">Mercatello</a>, about three miles east of Salerno. Together with No. 41 (RM) Commando, they were tasked by Brigade to "sweep the area and clean out the German forces". Having completed the requested "sweep", the commando returned, bringing with them 150 captured Germans.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both commandos were then ordered back to occupy the area known as the "pimple". Over the next days the commando losses grew and included the then-<a href="/wiki/Henry_Wellesley,_6th_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Henry Wellesley, 6th Duke of Wellington">Duke of Wellington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally relieved on 18 September they were withdrawn to Sicily. During the Salerno operations No. 2 and No. 41 (RM) Commandos had 367 killed, wounded or missing out of the 738 who had made the landing.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Yugoslavia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A depleted No. 2 Commando landed on the Yugoslavian island of <a href="/wiki/Vis_(island)" title="Vis (island)">Vis</a> 16 January 1944; almost half the commando, consisting of replacements and training staff, remained in Italy. They would remain in the area for the next six months and carried out a number of operations including raids on German garrisons, attacking shipping, making assaults on fixed positions and even helping in the construction of an airfield.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 26 January and 4 February the commando attacked the German garrison near <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milna_(Hvar)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milna (Hvar) (page does not exist)">Milna</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Hvar" title="Hvar">Hvar</a> four times. On 19 March the 110 men from No. 2 Commando attacked the village of <a href="/wiki/Grohote" title="Grohote">Grohote</a> killing six and capturing 102 Germans with the loss of one man.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By May 1944 No. 2 Commando had been joined on the island of Vis by <a href="/wiki/40_Commando" title="40 Commando">No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando</a>, <a href="/wiki/43_Commando_Fleet_Protection_Group_Royal_Marines" title="43 Commando Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines">No. 43 (Royal Marine) Commando</a>, some men from the <a href="/wiki/Highland_Light_Infantry" title="Highland Light Infantry">Highland Light Infantry</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> detachment. On 2 June <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)">Lieutenant Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Churchill" title="Jack Churchill">Jack Churchill</a>, in command of both Royal Marine commandos and a group of <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Yugoslav Partisans</a> in an assault on German fortifications, was captured after having been knocked unconscious. He was replaced as commanding officer by Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_West_Fynn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis West Fynn (page does not exist)">Francis West Fynn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the commando marched past Marshal <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> at an airfield they had helped construct on 23 June they returned to Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albania">Albania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Albania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On their return from Yugoslavia the commando were based near <a href="/wiki/Monopoli" title="Monopoli">Monopoli</a> in Italy; they recruited new men and carried out parachute training. On the night 28/29 July 250 men from No. 2 Commando landed at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spilje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spilje (page does not exist)">Spilje</a> in <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>; their objective was a German position near the village of <a href="/wiki/Himare" class="mw-redirect" title="Himare">Himare</a>. After withdrawing they estimated that 100 Germans had been killed; the commando lost 29 dead and 61 wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 22 September No. 2 Commando raided Albania again; their objective this time was to capture the port town of <a href="/wiki/Sarande" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarande">Sarande</a>. The Commando landed on a beach 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Sarande and soon came under artillery fire. Believing the German garrison to consist of 200 men they discovered that the true German strength was 2000 men. Requested reinforcements from No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando arrived 24 September. Sarande was captured by the combined force on 9 October. With the capture of the town, the German garrison on <a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Corfu</a> was cut off and surrendered to the commandos in November.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comacchio">Comacchio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Comacchio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On their return to Italy No. 2 Commando and the rest of <a href="/wiki/2nd_Special_Service_Brigade" title="2nd Special Service Brigade">2 Commando Brigade</a> was gathered together for <a href="/wiki/Operation_Roast" title="Operation Roast">Operation Roast</a> the battle at <a href="/wiki/Comacchio" title="Comacchio">Comacchio</a> <a href="/wiki/Lagoon" title="Lagoon">lagoon</a>. Their task was to capture a spit of land which extended from Lake Comacchio to the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a>, with possible further exploitation northwards.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No. 2 Commando started the attack at 19:00 hours 1 April 1945 by boat across Comacchio lagoon; they reached the opposite shore at 05:00 hours 2 April and approached the Germans from the rear and started their attack. All the Brigade objectives were achieved, with all the German forces south of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Porto_Garibaldi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Porto Garibaldi (page does not exist)">Porto Garibaldi</a> captured or destroyed. Fighting continued until mid April when No. 2 Commando were withdrawn having lost 23 men in the operation.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The German forces in Italy surrendered on 2 May 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-cva_15-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the Second World War all the British Army Commandos were disbanded and the commando role was taken over by the Royal Marines.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However the present day <a href="/wiki/Parachute_Regiment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)">Parachute Regiment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Special_Boat_Service" title="Special Boat Service">Special Boat Service</a> can all trace their origins to the commandos.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle_honours">Battle honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Battle honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following <a href="/wiki/Battle_honour" title="Battle honour">Battle honours</a> were awarded to the British Commandos during the Second World War.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dodecanese_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodecanese Campaign">Adriatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign">Alethangyaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Plunder" title="Operation Plunder">Aller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Shingle" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Shingle">Anzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Argenta_Gap" title="Battle of the Argenta Gap">Argenta Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign">Burma 1943–45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieppe_Raid" title="Dieppe Raid">Dieppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Overlord" title="Operation Overlord">Dives Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian Campaign">Djebel Choucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Scheldt" title="Battle of the Scheldt">Flushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodecanese_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodecanese Campaign">Greece 1944–45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Campaign_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Campaign (World War II)">Italy 1943–45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_170" title="Battle of Hill 170">Kangaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Campaign_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Campaign (World War II)">Landing at Porto San Venere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Landing in Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Plunder" title="Operation Plunder">Leese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Litani" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Litani">Litani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Madagascar" title="Battle of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean,_Middle_East_and_African_theatres_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean, Middle East and African theatres of World War II">Middle East 1941, 1942, 1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Shingle" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Shingle">Monte Ornito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign">Myebon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normandy_Landing" class="mw-redirect" title="Normandy Landing">Normandy Landing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_African_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="North African Campaign">North Africa 1941–43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-West_Europe_1944-45" class="mw-redirect" title="North-West Europe 1944-45">North-West Europe 1942, 1944–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claymore" title="Operation Claymore">Norway 1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Pursuit to Messina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Varsity" title="Operation Varsity">Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Chariot" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Chariot">St. Nazaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Italy" title="Allied invasion of Italy">Salerno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisia Campaign">Sedjenane 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Sicily 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian Campaign">Steamroller Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria-Lebanon_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Syria-Lebanon Campaign">Syria 1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Termoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Termoli">Termoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Archery" title="Operation Archery">Vaagso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Roast" title="Operation Roast">Valli di Comacchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Scheldt" title="Battle of the Scheldt">Westkapelle</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=No._2_Commando&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commandoveterans.org/2Commando">"2 Commando | Commando Veterans Archive"</a>. <i>www.commandoveterans.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.commandoveterans.org&rft.atitle=2+Commando+%7C+Commando+Veterans+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commandoveterans.org%2F2Commando&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shott & McBride, p.4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mo91-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mo91_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moreman, p.91</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chappell, p.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chappell, p.3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moreman, p.8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chappell, p.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-haw48-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-haw48_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-haw48_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-haw48_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haskew, p.48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mo12-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mo12_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moreman, p.12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commandoveterans.org/EarlyCommandoTraining">"A timeline of Commando Training | Commando Veterans Archive"</a>. <i>www.commandoveterans.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.commandoveterans.org&rft.atitle=A+timeline+of+Commando+Training+%7C+Commando+Veterans+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commandoveterans.org%2FEarlyCommandoTraining&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">van der Bijl, p.12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moreman, pp.84–85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">van der Bijl, p.28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moreman, p.15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cva-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cva_15-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121191541/http://www.commandoveterans.org/history_2cdo.html">"History of No. 2 Commando"</a>. Commando Veterans Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commandoveterans.org/history_2cdo.html">the original</a> on 21 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+No.+2+Commando&rft.pub=Commando+Veterans+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commandoveterans.org%2Fhistory_2cdo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Messenger, p. 165</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History of the Second World War Magazine series Part 31 p.846</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Miller, p.41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ford, p.19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moreman, p.66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/cornwall/content/articles/2005/07/04/coast05_walk_stage5_feature.shtml">"Remembering St Nazaire raid"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remembering+St+Nazaire+raid&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fcornwall%2Fcontent%2Farticles%2F2005%2F07%2F04%2Fcoast05_walk_stage5_feature.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neillands, p.46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neillands, p.53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gaz-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gaz_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gaz_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette37134" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37134/supplement/3171">"No. 37134"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i> (Supplement). 15 June 1945. pp. 3171–3172.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+37134&rft.pages=3171-3172&rft.date=1945-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F37134%2Fsupplement%2F3171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parker p.133</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tomblin, p.266</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parker pp.136–137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tomblin, p.273</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commandoveterans.org">"Commandos - United We Conquer | Commando Veterans Archive"</a>. <i>www.commandoveterans.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.commandoveterans.org&rft.atitle=Commandos+-+United+We+Conquer+%7C+Commando+Veterans+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commandoveterans.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lord & Graham, pp.216–317</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Otway, pp.31–32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Breuer, pp.46–47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Molinari, p.22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moreman, p.94</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_der_Bijl2006" class="citation book cs1">van der Bijl, Nick (2006). <i>No. 10 Inter-Allied Commando 1942–45</i>. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-999-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-999-1"><bdi>1-84176-999-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No.+10+Inter-Allied+Commando+1942%E2%80%9345&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-84176-999-1&rft.aulast=van+der+Bijl&rft.aufirst=Nick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreuer2001" class="citation book cs1">Breuer, William B. (2001). <i>Daring missions of World War II</i>. John Wiley and Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-40419-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-40419-4"><bdi>978-0-471-40419-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Daring+missions+of+World+War+II&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-471-40419-4&rft.aulast=Breuer&rft.aufirst=William+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappell1996" class="citation book cs1">Chappell, Mike (1996). <i>Army Commandos 1940–45</i>. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85532-579-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-85532-579-9"><bdi>1-85532-579-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Army+Commandos+1940%E2%80%9345&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=1-85532-579-9&rft.aulast=Chappell&rft.aufirst=Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaskew2007" class="citation book cs1">Haskew, Michael E (2007). <i>Encyclopaedia of Elite Forces in the Second World War</i>. Pen and Sword. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84415-577-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84415-577-4"><bdi>978-1-84415-577-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Elite+Forces+in+the+Second+World+War&rft.pub=Pen+and+Sword&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84415-577-4&rft.aulast=Haskew&rft.aufirst=Michael+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLordWatson2004" class="citation book cs1">Lord, Cliff; Watson, Graham (2004). <i>Royal Corps of Signals</i>. Helion & Company Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-874622-92-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-874622-92-2"><bdi>1-874622-92-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal+Corps+of+Signals&rft.pub=Helion+%26+Company+Limited&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-874622-92-2&rft.aulast=Lord&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft.au=Watson%2C+Graham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMessenger1991" class="citation book cs1">Messenger, Charles (1991). <i>The Last Prussian: A Biography of Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt, 1875–1953</i>. Brassey's. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-036707-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-036707-1"><bdi>978-0-08-036707-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Prussian%3A+A+Biography+of+Field+Marshal+Gerd+von+Rundstedt%2C+1875%E2%80%931953&rft.pub=Brassey%27s&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-08-036707-1&rft.aulast=Messenger&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1981" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Russell (1981). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/commandos00mill"><i>The Commandos</i></a></span>. Time-Life Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8094-3399-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8094-3399-0"><bdi>0-8094-3399-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Commandos&rft.pub=Time-Life+Books&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-8094-3399-0&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcommandos00mill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMolinari2007" class="citation book cs1">Molinari, Andrea (2007). <i>Desert Raiders: Axis and Allied Special Forces 1940–43</i>. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84603-006-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84603-006-2"><bdi>978-1-84603-006-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Desert+Raiders%3A+Axis+and+Allied+Special+Forces+1940%E2%80%9343&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84603-006-2&rft.aulast=Molinari&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoreman2006" class="citation book cs1">Moreman, Timothy Robert (2006). <i>British Commandos 1940–46</i>. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-986-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-986-X"><bdi>1-84176-986-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Commandos+1940%E2%80%9346&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-84176-986-X&rft.aulast=Moreman&rft.aufirst=Timothy+Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeilands2005" class="citation book cs1">Neilands, Robin (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diepperaidstoryo00robi"><i>The Dieppe Raid</i></a></span>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-34781-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-253-34781-5"><bdi>0-253-34781-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dieppe+Raid&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-253-34781-5&rft.aulast=Neilands&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdiepperaidstoryo00robi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOtway1990" class="citation book cs1">Otway, Lieutenant-Colonel T.B.H. (1990). <i>The Second World War 1939–1945 Army – Airborne Forces</i>. Imperial War Museum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-901627-57-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-901627-57-7"><bdi>0-901627-57-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Second+World+War+1939%E2%80%931945+Army+%E2%80%93+Airborne+Forces&rft.pub=Imperial+War+Museum&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-901627-57-7&rft.aulast=Otway&rft.aufirst=Lieutenant-Colonel+T.B.H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShorttMcBride1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Shortt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Shortt (page does not exist)">Shortt, James</a>; McBride, Angus (1981). <i>The Special Air Service</i>. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85045-396-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85045-396-8"><bdi>0-85045-396-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Special+Air+Service&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-85045-396-8&rft.aulast=Shortt&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=McBride%2C+Angus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTomblin2004" class="citation book cs1">Tomblin, Barbara (2004). <i>With utmost spirit: Allied naval operations in the Mediterranean, 1942–1945</i>. University Press of Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8131-2338-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8131-2338-0"><bdi>0-8131-2338-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=With+utmost+spirit%3A+Allied+naval+operations+in+the+Mediterranean%2C+1942%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-8131-2338-0&rft.aulast=Tomblin&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANo.+2+Commando" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:British_Commando_units_of_the_Second_World_War" title="Template:British Commando units of the Second World War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_Commando_units_of_the_Second_World_War" title="Template talk:British Commando units of the Second World War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_Commando_units_of_the_Second_World_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British Commando units of the Second World War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_Commando_units_of_the_Second_World_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/British_Commandos" class="mw-redirect" title="British Commandos">British Commando units of the Second World War</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Army:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._1_Commando" title="No. 1 Commando">No. 1 Commando</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">No. 2 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._3_Commando" title="No. 3 Commando">No. 3 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._4_Commando" title="No. 4 Commando">No. 4 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._5_Commando" title="No. 5 Commando">No. 5 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._6_Commando" title="No. 6 Commando">No. 6 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._7_Commando" title="No. 7 Commando">No. 7 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._8_(Guards)_Commando" title="No. 8 (Guards) Commando">No. 8 (Guards) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._9_Commando" title="No. 9 Commando">No. 9 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._10_(Inter-Allied)_Commando" title="No. 10 (Inter-Allied) Commando">No. 10 (Inter-Allied) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._11_(Scottish)_Commando" title="No. 11 (Scottish) Commando">No. 11 (Scottish) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._12_Commando" title="No. 12 Commando">No. 12 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._14_(Arctic)_Commando" title="No. 14 (Arctic) Commando">No. 14 (Arctic) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._50_Commando" title="No. 50 Commando">No. 50 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._51_Commando" title="No. 51 Commando">No. 51 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._52_Commando" title="No. 52 Commando">No. 52 Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._62_Commando" title="No. 62 Commando">No. 62 Commando (Small Scale Raiding Force)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Commando" title="Middle East Commando">Middle East Commando</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal Marine:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/40_Commando" title="40 Commando">No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/41_Commando" title="41 Commando">No. 41 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42_Commando" title="42 Commando">No. 42 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43_Commando_Fleet_Protection_Group_Royal_Marines" title="43 Commando Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines">No. 43 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._44_(Royal_Marine)_Commando" title="No. 44 (Royal Marine) Commando">No. 44 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45_Commando" title="45 Commando">No. 45 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._46_(Royal_Marine)_Commando" title="No. 46 (Royal Marine) Commando">No. 46 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._47_(Royal_Marine)_Commando" title="No. 47 (Royal Marine) Commando">No. 47 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._48_(Royal_Marine)_Commando" title="No. 48 (Royal Marine) Commando">No. 48 (Royal Marine) Commando</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal Navy:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_Commandos" title="Royal Naval Commandos">Royal Naval Commandos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_commando_frogmen" title="British commando frogmen">British commando frogmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal Air Force:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_Commandos" title="Royal Air Force Commandos">Royal Air Force Commandos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint Service:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._30_Commando" title="No. 30 Commando">No. 30 Commando</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brigades (<a href="/wiki/List_of_British_special_service_brigades_of_the_Second_World_War" title="List of British special service brigades of the Second World War">List</a>):</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Service_Brigade" title="Special Service Brigade">Special Service Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Special_Service_Brigade" title="1st Special Service Brigade">1st Special Service Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Special_Service_Brigade" title="2nd Special Service Brigade">2nd Special Service Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Commando_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="3 Commando Brigade (United Kingdom)">3rd Special Service Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Special_Service_Brigade" title="4th Special Service Brigade">4th Special Service Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service_Troops" title="Special Air Service Troops">Special Air Service Troops</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ad hoc Forces:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Forfar" title="Operation Forfar">Forfarforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layforce" title="Layforce">Layforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layforce_II" title="Layforce II">Layforce II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northforce" title="Northforce">Northforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timberforce" title="Timberforce">Timberforce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Commando forces:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Boat_Service" title="Special Boat Service">Special Boat Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service#Second_World_War" title="Special Air Service">Special Raiding Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popski%27s_Private_Army" title="Popski's Private Army">No. 1 Demolition Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Range_Desert_Group" title="Long Range Desert Group">Long Range Desert Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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