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class="page-header"><div class="page-header__wrapper"><nav class="page-breadcrumbs" aria-label="You are here:"><ol class="page-breadcrumbs__list"><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item"><a href="/">Home</a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item"><a href="/topics">Topics</a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item" aria-current="page">Cold War</li></ol></nav><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.history.com"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Topics","item":"https://www.history.com/topics"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Cold War"}]}</script><div class="page-header__content"><div class="page-header__content-container"><h1 class="page-header__title">Cold War</h1><div class="page-header__summary"><p>The Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union lasted for decades and resulted in anti-communist suspicions and international incidents that led two superpowers to the brink of nuclear disaster.</p> </div></div></div></div></header><div class="archive__content"><div class="block-featured-posts block-featured-posts--thirds"><div class="block-featured-posts__container"><div class="block-featured-posts__title-container"><h2 class="block-featured-posts__title">Topics</h2><a class="block-featured-posts__more-link button has-elevation" aria-label="See all Topics on Cold War" href="/topics/cold-war/topics">See All</a></div><hr class="block-featured-posts__divider"/><article class="featured-content-card topic-archive-featured"><div class="featured-content-card__wrapper"><a class="featured-content-card__image-container" tabindex="-1" link-name="" href="/topics/cold-war/cold-war-history"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="Operation Ivy Hydrogen Bomb Test in Marshall Islands A billowing white mushroom cloud, mottled with orange, pushes through a layer of clouds during Operation Ivy, the first test of a hydrogen bomb, at Enewetak Atoll in the Marshall Islands. (Photo by © CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images)" sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 595px, 72px" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=64&quality=75&auto=webp 64w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=96&quality=75&auto=webp 96w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=128&quality=75&auto=webp 128w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=256&quality=75&auto=webp 256w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=392&quality=75&auto=webp 392w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=640&quality=75&auto=webp 640w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=750&quality=75&auto=webp 750w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=828&quality=75&auto=webp 828w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=1080&quality=75&auto=webp 1080w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=1248&quality=75&auto=webp 1248w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=1920&quality=75&auto=webp 1920w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=2048&quality=75&auto=webp 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp 3840w" src="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/></span></a><div class="featured-content-card__content"><p class="featured-content-card__eyebrow"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" width="15" height="15"><path d="M10.5 2L6.5 13H11.5L8 22H9.5L17.5 11H13L17 2H10.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Featured</p><h3 class="featured-content-card__title"><a class="featured-content-card__title-link button is-style-standalone" tabindex="-1" link-name="Cold War History" href="/topics/cold-war/cold-war-history">Cold War History</a></h3><p class="featured-content-card__excerpt">The Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union lasted for decades and resulted in anti‑communist suspicions and international incidents that led the two superpowers to the brink of nuclear disaster.</p><a class="featured-content-card__link button is-style-standalone has-icon" link-name="Read more about Cold War History" href="/topics/cold-war/cold-war-history"><span aria-hidden="true">Read more</span><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><span class="screen-reader-text">Read more about Cold War History</span></a></div></div></article><div class="card-grid topic-archive-stories is-style-3-col"><div class="card-grid__container"><article class="card-grid-item"><a aria-label="Joseph McCarthy" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="card-grid-item__link" link-name="" href="/topics/cold-war/joseph-mccarthy"><figure class="card-grid-item__image-fit image-fit"><div class="card-grid-item__image-contain image-fit__image-contain"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="Senator McCarthy Attending US Army Hearings (Original Caption) Senator Joseph R. McCarthy chairman of the Senate Investigations Subcommittee, is shown as he took center stage again to comment on the latest developments in his dispute with the White House and Army Secretary Robert T. Stevens." src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="Senator McCarthy Attending US Army Hearings (Original Caption) Senator Joseph R. McCarthy chairman of the Senate Investigations Subcommittee, is shown as he took center stage again to comment on the latest developments in his dispute with the White House and Army Secretary Robert T. Stevens." loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" sizes="(min-width: 1248px) 300px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(33vw - 1.5rem), (min-width: 636px) calc(50vw - 1.5rem), calc(100vw - 1.5rem)" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=64&quality=75&auto=webp 64w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=96&quality=75&auto=webp 96w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=128&quality=75&auto=webp 128w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=256&quality=75&auto=webp 256w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=392&quality=75&auto=webp 392w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=640&quality=75&auto=webp 640w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=750&quality=75&auto=webp 750w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=828&quality=75&auto=webp 828w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=1080&quality=75&auto=webp 1080w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=1248&quality=75&auto=webp 1248w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=1920&quality=75&auto=webp 1920w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=2048&quality=75&auto=webp 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp 3840w" src="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp"/></noscript></span></div></figure></a><div class="card-grid-item__contain"><a class="card-grid-item__title-link" link-name="Joseph McCarthy - The Cold War In the years after World War II ended, events at home and abroad seemed to many Americans to prove that the “Red menace” was real. In August 1949, for instance, the Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb. Later that year, Communist forces declared victory in the Chinese Civil War and established […]" href="/topics/cold-war/joseph-mccarthy"><h3 class="card-grid-item__title">Joseph McCarthy</h3><p class="card-grid-item__excerpt">The Cold War In the years after World War II ended, events at home and abroad seemed to many Americans to prove that the “Red menace” was real. In August 1949, for instance, the Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb. Later that year, Communist forces declared victory in the Chinese Civil War and established […]</p><div class="card-grid-item__cta"><span class="button is-style-standalone has-icon">Read more<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18" class="card-grid-item__cta-icon"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></div></a></div></article><article class="card-grid-item"><a aria-label="Red Scare" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="card-grid-item__link" link-name="" href="/topics/cold-war/red-scare"><figure class="card-grid-item__image-fit image-fit"><div class="card-grid-item__image-contain image-fit__image-contain"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="A group of protesters demonstrate holding placards against Communist sympathizers outside the Fox Wilshire Theatre in occasion of the premiere of film 'Exodus', which marked the end of the 'Hollywood Blacklist' when screen player Dalton Trumbo, a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten, was credited as the screenwriter of the film, Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, California, US, December 1960. (Photo by American Stock Archive/Archive Photos/Getty Images)" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="A group of protesters demonstrate holding placards against Communist sympathizers outside the Fox Wilshire Theatre in occasion of the premiere of film 'Exodus', which marked the end of the 'Hollywood Blacklist' when screen player Dalton Trumbo, a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten, was credited as the screenwriter of the film, Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, California, US, December 1960. (Photo by American Stock Archive/Archive Photos/Getty Images)" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" sizes="(min-width: 1248px) 300px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(33vw - 1.5rem), (min-width: 636px) calc(50vw - 1.5rem), calc(100vw - 1.5rem)" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=64&quality=75&auto=webp 64w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=96&quality=75&auto=webp 96w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=128&quality=75&auto=webp 128w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=256&quality=75&auto=webp 256w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=392&quality=75&auto=webp 392w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=640&quality=75&auto=webp 640w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=750&quality=75&auto=webp 750w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=828&quality=75&auto=webp 828w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=1080&quality=75&auto=webp 1080w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=1248&quality=75&auto=webp 1248w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=1920&quality=75&auto=webp 1920w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=2048&quality=75&auto=webp 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp 3840w" src="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2010/06/gettyimages-1354029776.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp"/></noscript></span></div></figure></a><div class="card-grid-item__contain"><a class="card-grid-item__title-link" link-name="Red Scare - The Red Scare was hysteria over the perceived threat posed by Communists in the U.S. during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, which intensified in the late 1940s and early 1950s." href="/topics/cold-war/red-scare"><h3 class="card-grid-item__title">Red Scare</h3><p class="card-grid-item__excerpt">The Red Scare was hysteria over the perceived threat posed by Communists in the U.S. during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, which intensified in the late 1940s and early 1950s. </p><div class="card-grid-item__cta"><span class="button is-style-standalone has-icon">Read more<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18" class="card-grid-item__cta-icon"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></div></a></div></article><article class="card-grid-item"><a aria-label="Palmer Raids" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="card-grid-item__link" link-name="" href="/topics/cold-war/palmer-raids"><figure class="card-grid-item__image-fit image-fit"><div class="card-grid-item__image-contain image-fit__image-contain"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" sizes="(min-width: 1248px) 300px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(33vw - 1.5rem), (min-width: 636px) calc(50vw - 1.5rem), calc(100vw - 1.5rem)" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=64&quality=75&auto=webp 64w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=96&quality=75&auto=webp 96w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=128&quality=75&auto=webp 128w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=256&quality=75&auto=webp 256w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=392&quality=75&auto=webp 392w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=640&quality=75&auto=webp 640w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=750&quality=75&auto=webp 750w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=828&quality=75&auto=webp 828w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1080&quality=75&auto=webp 1080w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1248&quality=75&auto=webp 1248w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1920&quality=75&auto=webp 1920w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=2048&quality=75&auto=webp 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp 3840w" src="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp"/></noscript></span></div></figure></a><div class="card-grid-item__contain"><a class="card-grid-item__title-link" link-name="Palmer Raids - Red Scare Following the Russian Revolution in 1917, America was on high alert, fearing Communist revolutionaries on their own shores. The Sedition Act of 1918, which was an expansion of the 1917 Espionage Act, was a direct result of the paranoia. Targeting those who criticized the government, the Sedition Act set into motion an effort […]" href="/topics/cold-war/palmer-raids"><h3 class="card-grid-item__title">Palmer Raids</h3><p class="card-grid-item__excerpt">Red Scare Following the Russian Revolution in 1917, America was on high alert, fearing Communist revolutionaries on their own shores. The Sedition Act of 1918, which was an expansion of the 1917 Espionage Act, was a direct result of the paranoia. Targeting those who criticized the government, the Sedition Act set into motion an effort […]</p><div class="card-grid-item__cta"><span class="button is-style-standalone has-icon">Read more<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18" class="card-grid-item__cta-icon"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></div></a></div></article></div></div></div></div><div class="archive__video"><div class="video-player" tabindex="-1"><button class="video-player__close" 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style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 595px, 72px" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, 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750w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=828&quality=75&auto=webp 828w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=1080&quality=75&auto=webp 1080w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=1248&quality=75&auto=webp 1248w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=1920&quality=75&auto=webp 1920w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=2048&quality=75&auto=webp 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp 3840w" src="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/04/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war.jpg?width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp"/></noscript></span><div class="post-item__video-badges post-item__video-badges--large"><div class="post-item__video-wrapper"><div class="post-item__video-meta"><span class="post-item__video-time">3:57 min</span><span class="post-item__video-rating">TV-PG</span></div><div class="post-item__video-play-large-container"><div class="button has-red-background-color has-icon has-transparent-border"><svg title="Play Icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="post-item__play-icon" width="24" height="24"><path d="M12 2C6.477 2 2 6.477 2 12C2 17.523 6.477 22 12 22C17.523 22 22 17.523 22 12C22 6.477 17.523 2 12 2ZM12 4C16.411 4 20 7.589 20 12C20 16.411 16.411 20 12 20C7.589 20 4 16.411 4 12C4 7.589 7.589 4 12 4ZM10 7.5V16.5L16 12L10 7.5Z" 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See how President Eisenhower intervened to help restore order.</p><a class="featured-content-card__link button is-style-standalone has-icon" link-name="Watch now video about Here’s Why the Suez Crisis Almost Led to Nuclear War" href="/topics/cold-war/heres-why-the-suez-crisis-almost-led-to-nuclear-war-video"><span aria-hidden="true">Watch now</span><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><span class="screen-reader-text">Watch now video about Here’s Why the Suez Crisis Almost Led to Nuclear War</span></a></div></div></article><div class="card-grid topic-archive-stories is-style-3-col"><div class="card-grid__container"><article class="card-grid-item"><a aria-label="Formation of NATO" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="card-grid-item__link" link-name="" href="/topics/cold-war/formation-of-nato-video"><figure class="card-grid-item__image-fit image-fit"><div class="card-grid-item__image-contain image-fit__image-contain"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" sizes="(min-width: 1248px) 300px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(33vw - 1.5rem), (min-width: 636px) calc(50vw - 1.5rem), calc(100vw - 1.5rem)" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, 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has-red-background-color has-icon has-transparent-border"><svg title="Play Icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="post-item__play-icon" width="20" height="20"><path d="M12 2C6.477 2 2 6.477 2 12C2 17.523 6.477 22 12 22C17.523 22 22 17.523 22 12C22 6.477 17.523 2 12 2ZM12 4C16.411 4 20 7.589 20 12C20 16.411 16.411 20 12 20C7.589 20 4 16.411 4 12C4 7.589 7.589 4 12 4ZM10 7.5V16.5L16 12L10 7.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></a><div class="card-grid-item__contain"><a class="card-grid-item__title-link" link-name="Formation of NATO - Tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union resulted in the formation of key alliances that would endure throughout the Cold War." href="/topics/cold-war/formation-of-nato-video"><h3 class="card-grid-item__title">Formation of NATO</h3><p class="card-grid-item__excerpt">Tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union resulted in the formation of key alliances that would endure throughout the Cold War.</p><div class="card-grid-item__cta"><span class="button is-style-standalone has-icon">Watch now<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18" class="card-grid-item__cta-icon"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></div></a></div></article><article class="card-grid-item"><a aria-label="Fidel Castro" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="card-grid-item__link" link-name="" href="/topics/cold-war/fidel-castro-video"><figure class="card-grid-item__image-fit image-fit"><div class="card-grid-item__image-contain image-fit__image-contain"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" sizes="(min-width: 1248px) 300px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(33vw - 1.5rem), (min-width: 636px) calc(50vw - 1.5rem), calc(100vw - 1.5rem)" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/fidel-castro.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/fidel-castro.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/fidel-castro.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/fidel-castro.jpg?width=64&quality=75&auto=webp 64w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/fidel-castro.jpg?width=96&quality=75&auto=webp 96w, 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7.589 20 12C20 16.411 16.411 20 12 20C7.589 20 4 16.411 4 12C4 7.589 7.589 4 12 4ZM10 7.5V16.5L16 12L10 7.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></a><div class="card-grid-item__contain"><a class="card-grid-item__title-link" link-name="Fidel Castro - During Fidel Castro’s tenure as President of Cuba, he survived an estimated 638 attempts on his life – and that’s just from the CIA." href="/topics/cold-war/fidel-castro-video"><h3 class="card-grid-item__title">Fidel Castro</h3><p class="card-grid-item__excerpt">During Fidel Castro’s tenure as President of Cuba, he survived an estimated 638 attempts on his life – and that’s just from the CIA.</p><div class="card-grid-item__cta"><span class="button is-style-standalone has-icon">Watch now<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18" class="card-grid-item__cta-icon"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 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src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" sizes="(min-width: 1248px) 300px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(33vw - 1.5rem), (min-width: 636px) calc(50vw - 1.5rem), calc(100vw - 1.5rem)" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, 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0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="post-item__play-icon" width="20" height="20"><path d="M12 2C6.477 2 2 6.477 2 12C2 17.523 6.477 22 12 22C17.523 22 22 17.523 22 12C22 6.477 17.523 2 12 2ZM12 4C16.411 4 20 7.589 20 12C20 16.411 16.411 20 12 20C7.589 20 4 16.411 4 12C4 7.589 7.589 4 12 4ZM10 7.5V16.5L16 12L10 7.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></a><div class="card-grid-item__contain"><a class="card-grid-item__title-link" link-name="HUAC: A Cold War Witch Hunt - Take a crash course on the House Un‑American Activities Committee (HUAC), a group that investigated the ‘loyalty’ of those suspected of having Communist ties after World War II." href="/topics/cold-war/huac-video"><h3 class="card-grid-item__title">HUAC: A Cold War Witch Hunt</h3><p class="card-grid-item__excerpt">Take a crash course on the House Un‑American Activities Committee (HUAC), a group that investigated the ‘loyalty’ of those suspected of having Communist ties after World War II.</p><div class="card-grid-item__cta"><span class="button is-style-standalone has-icon">Watch now<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18" class="card-grid-item__cta-icon"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></div></a></div></article></div></div></div></div><div class="block-featured-posts block-featured-posts--thirds"><div class="block-featured-posts__container"><div class="block-featured-posts__title-container"><h2 class="block-featured-posts__title">Stories</h2><a class="block-featured-posts__more-link button has-elevation" aria-label="See all Stories on Cold War" href="/topics/cold-war/stories">See All</a></div><hr class="block-featured-posts__divider"/><article class="featured-content-card topic-archive-featured"><div class="featured-content-card__wrapper"><a class="featured-content-card__image-container" tabindex="-1" link-name="" href="/news/hollywood-10-biographies"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="The Hollywood 10 (and two lawyers)." src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="The Hollywood 10 (and two lawyers)." loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 595px, 72px" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2023/03/hollywood-10-GettyImages-514900192.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2023/03/hollywood-10-GettyImages-514900192.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2023/03/hollywood-10-GettyImages-514900192.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, 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class="featured-content-card__eyebrow"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" width="15" height="15"><path d="M10.5 2L6.5 13H11.5L8 22H9.5L17.5 11H13L17 2H10.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Featured</p><h3 class="featured-content-card__title"><a class="featured-content-card__title-link button is-style-standalone" tabindex="-1" link-name="Who Were the Hollywood 10?" href="/news/hollywood-10-biographies">Who Were the Hollywood 10?</a></h3><p class="featured-content-card__excerpt">Hollywood blacklisted these screenwriters, producers and directors for refusing to testify before the House Un‑American Activities Committee.</p><a class="featured-content-card__link button is-style-standalone has-icon" link-name="Read more about Who Were the Hollywood 10?" href="/news/hollywood-10-biographies"><span aria-hidden="true">Read more</span><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><span class="screen-reader-text">Read more about Who Were the Hollywood 10?</span></a></div></div></article><div class="card-grid topic-archive-stories is-style-3-col"><div class="card-grid__container"><article class="card-grid-item"><a aria-label="Why Eisenhower Added ‘Under God’ to the Pledge of Allegiance During the Cold War" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="card-grid-item__link" link-name="" href="/news/pledge-allegiance-under-god-schools"><figure 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data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" sizes="(min-width: 1248px) 300px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(33vw - 1.5rem), (min-width: 636px) calc(50vw - 1.5rem), calc(100vw - 1.5rem)" srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2022/06/pledge-allegiance-gettyimages-479833466.jpg?width=16&quality=75&auto=webp 16w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2022/06/pledge-allegiance-gettyimages-479833466.jpg?width=32&quality=75&auto=webp 32w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2022/06/pledge-allegiance-gettyimages-479833466.jpg?width=48&quality=75&auto=webp 48w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2022/06/pledge-allegiance-gettyimages-479833466.jpg?width=64&quality=75&auto=webp 64w, 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Cold War - The pledge, as recited by U.S. schoolchildren, wasn’t standardized until World War II, and didn’t contain “under God” until 1954." href="/news/pledge-allegiance-under-god-schools"><h3 class="card-grid-item__title">Why Eisenhower Added ‘Under God’ to the Pledge of Allegiance During the Cold War</h3><p class="card-grid-item__excerpt">The pledge, as recited by U.S. schoolchildren, wasn’t standardized until World War II, and didn’t contain “under God” until 1954.</p><div class="card-grid-item__cta"><span class="button is-style-standalone has-icon">Read more<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="18" height="18" class="card-grid-item__cta-icon"><path d="M17.0297 4.72031L23.7797 11.4703C23.925 11.6156 24 11.8078 24 11.9578C24 12.1078 23.9268 12.3416 23.7803 12.488L17.0303 19.238C16.7373 19.5309 16.2624 19.5309 15.9699 19.238C15.6774 18.945 15.677 18.4702 15.9699 18.1777L21.4403 12.7073H0.75C0.335438 12.7073 0 12.3719 0 11.9995C0 11.585 0.335438 11.2495 0.75 11.2495H21.4406L15.9703 5.77921C15.6773 5.48625 15.6773 5.0114 15.9703 4.7189C16.2633 4.4264 16.7391 4.42687 17.0297 4.72031Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></div></a></div></article><article class="card-grid-item"><a aria-label="Photos: 7 Decades of the Soviet Union" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="card-grid-item__link" link-name="" href="/news/soviet-union-photos"><figure class="card-grid-item__image-fit image-fit"><div class="card-grid-item__image-contain image-fit__image-contain"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="An image of the Soviet flag." src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="card-grid-item__image image-fit__image" 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https://www.history.com/editorial/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.editorial.aetnd.com%2Fhistory-article-default.desktop.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://www.history.com/editorial/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.editorial.aetnd.com%2Fhistory-article-default.desktop.jpg&w=1248&q=75 1248w, https://www.history.com/editorial/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.editorial.aetnd.com%2Fhistory-article-default.desktop.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://www.history.com/editorial/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.editorial.aetnd.com%2Fhistory-article-default.desktop.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://www.history.com/editorial/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.editorial.aetnd.com%2Fhistory-article-default.desktop.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="https://www.history.com/editorial/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.editorial.aetnd.com%2Fhistory-article-default.desktop.jpg&w=3840&q=75"/></noscript></span><span class="tdih-posts-grid__article-year"><a aria-label="This year in history archive: 1962" link-name="1962" href="/this-day-in-history/year/1962">1962</a></span><h3 class="tdih-posts-grid__article-title"><a class="tdih-posts-grid__article-link" link-name="Full U.S.‑Cuba embargo is announced" href="/this-day-in-history/full-us-cuba-embargo-is-announced">Full U.S.‑Cuba embargo is announced</a></h3><a class="tdih-posts-grid__article-meta" aria-label="Read more articles on Cold War" link-name="Cold War" href="/topics/cold-war"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20"><path d="M10.5 2L6.5 13H11.5L8 22H9.5L17.5 11H13L17 2H10.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Cold War</a></article><article class="tdih-posts-grid__article has-elevation tdih-posts-grid__article--has-featured-image"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="" 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href="/this-day-in-history/year/1965">1965</a></span><h3 class="tdih-posts-grid__article-title"><a class="tdih-posts-grid__article-link" link-name="Fidel Castro announces that Cubans are free to leave the island" href="/this-day-in-history/fidel-castro-announces-cubans-are-free-to-leave-the-island">Fidel Castro announces that Cubans are free to leave the island</a></h3><a class="tdih-posts-grid__article-meta" aria-label="Read more articles on Cold War" link-name="Cold War" href="/topics/cold-war"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20"><path d="M10.5 2L6.5 13H11.5L8 22H9.5L17.5 11H13L17 2H10.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Cold War</a></article><article class="tdih-posts-grid__article has-elevation"><span 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See how President Eisenhower intervened to help restore 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of NATO"},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"credit":"","credit_url":"","getty_2025":""},"class_list":["post-2270","attachment","type-attachment","status-inherit","hentry"],"prepublish_checks":{},"description":{"rendered":"\u003cp class=\"attachment\"\u003e\u003ca href='https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg'\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=300\u0026amp;height=169\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=300 300w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=1024 1024w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=1536 1536w, 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War."},"alt_text":"","media_type":"image","mime_type":"image/jpeg","media_details":{"file":"2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg","sizes":{"thumbnail":{"width":"150","height":"150","crop":"1","source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=150\u0026height=150\u0026crop=1:1","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"medium":{"width":"300","height":169,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=300\u0026height=169","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"medium_large":{"width":"768","height":"0","crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=768","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"large":{"width":"1024","height":576,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=1024\u0026height=576","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"1536x1536":{"width":1536,"height":864,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=1536\u0026height=864","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"2048x2048":{"width":2048,"height":1152,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=2048\u0026height=1152","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"corpnews_large":{"width":1250,"height":625,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=1250\u0026height=625\u0026crop=2:1","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"corpnews_medium":{"width":800,"height":400,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=800\u0026height=400\u0026crop=2:1","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"corpnews_small":{"width":500,"height":250,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg?width=500\u0026height=250\u0026crop=2:1","file":"formation-of-nato.jpg"},"full":{"file":"formation-of-nato.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"mime_type":"image/jpeg","source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg"}},"width":1920,"height":1080,"filesize":248119},"post":2269,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2017/09/formation-of-nato.jpg"},"4913":{"id":4913,"date":"2023-02-28T07:38:45","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T07:38:45","guid":{"rendered":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg"},"modified":"2023-02-28T07:38:45","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T07:38:45","slug":"huac","status":"inherit","type":"attachment","link":"https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/huac-video/huac/","title":{"rendered":"HUAC"},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"credit":"","credit_url":"","getty_2025":""},"class_list":["post-4913","attachment","type-attachment","status-inherit","hentry"],"prepublish_checks":{},"description":{"rendered":"\u003cp class=\"attachment\"\u003e\u003ca href='https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg'\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=300\u0026amp;height=169\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=300 300w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=1024 1024w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=1536 1536w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=2048 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=1920 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" /\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"caption":{"rendered":"Take a crash course on the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), a group that investigated the \u0026#8220;loyalty\u0026#8221; of those suspected of having Communist ties after World War II."},"alt_text":"","media_type":"image","mime_type":"image/jpeg","media_details":{"file":"2016/10/huac.jpg","sizes":{"thumbnail":{"width":"150","height":"150","crop":"1","source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=150\u0026height=150\u0026crop=1:1","file":"huac.jpg"},"medium":{"width":"300","height":169,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=300\u0026height=169","file":"huac.jpg"},"medium_large":{"width":"768","height":"0","crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=768","file":"huac.jpg"},"large":{"width":"1024","height":576,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=1024\u0026height=576","file":"huac.jpg"},"1536x1536":{"width":1536,"height":864,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=1536\u0026height=864","file":"huac.jpg"},"2048x2048":{"width":2048,"height":1152,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=2048\u0026height=1152","file":"huac.jpg"},"corpnews_large":{"width":1250,"height":625,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=1250\u0026height=625\u0026crop=2:1","file":"huac.jpg"},"corpnews_medium":{"width":800,"height":400,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=800\u0026height=400\u0026crop=2:1","file":"huac.jpg"},"corpnews_small":{"width":500,"height":250,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg?width=500\u0026height=250\u0026crop=2:1","file":"huac.jpg"},"full":{"file":"huac.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"mime_type":"image/jpeg","source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg"}},"width":1920,"height":1080,"filesize":141342},"post":4912,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2016/10/huac.jpg"},"7147":{"id":7147,"date":"2023-02-28T07:40:21","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T07:40:21","guid":{"rendered":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg"},"modified":"2023-02-28T07:40:21","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T07:40:21","slug":"cold-war-gettyimages-615316112","status":"inherit","type":"attachment","link":"https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/cold-war-history/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112/","title":{"rendered":"Cold-War-GettyImages-615316112"},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"credit":"Corbis 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(Photo by © CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images)\" srcset=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=300 300w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=1024 1024w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=1536 1536w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=2048 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/cold-war-gettyimages-615316112.jpg?width=1920 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" /\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"caption":{"rendered":""},"alt_text":"Operation Ivy Hydrogen Bomb Test in Marshall Islands A billowing white mushroom cloud, mottled with orange, pushes through a layer of clouds during Operation Ivy, the first test of a hydrogen bomb, at Enewetak Atoll in the Marshall Islands. 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Mitchell Palmer\" srcset=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=300 300w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1024 1024w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1536 1536w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=2048 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" /\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"caption":{"rendered":""},"alt_text":"Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer","media_type":"image","mime_type":"image/jpeg","media_details":{"file":"2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg","sizes":{"thumbnail":{"width":"150","height":"150","crop":"1","source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=150\u0026height=150\u0026crop=1:1","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"medium":{"width":"300","height":387,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=300\u0026height=387","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"medium_large":{"width":"768","height":"0","crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=768","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"large":{"width":"1024","height":1319,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1024\u0026height=1319","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"1536x1536":{"width":1536,"height":1978,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1536\u0026height=1978","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"2048x2048":{"width":2048,"height":2638,"crop":false,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=2048\u0026height=2638","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"corpnews_large":{"width":1250,"height":625,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=1250\u0026height=625\u0026crop=2:1","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"corpnews_medium":{"width":800,"height":400,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=800\u0026height=400\u0026crop=2:1","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"corpnews_small":{"width":500,"height":250,"crop":true,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg?width=500\u0026height=250\u0026crop=2:1","file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"full":{"file":"attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg","width":3087,"height":3975,"mime_type":"image/jpeg","source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"}},"width":3087,"height":3975,"filesize":6209263},"post":8924,"source_url":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2018/02/attorney-general-a-mitchell-palmer.jpg"},"10027":{"id":10027,"date":"2023-02-28T07:42:10","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T07:42:10","guid":{"rendered":"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg"},"modified":"2023-02-28T07:42:10","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T07:42:10","slug":"joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042","status":"inherit","type":"attachment","link":"https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/joseph-mccarthy/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042/","title":{"rendered":"Joseph-McCarthy-GettyImages-514901042"},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"credit":"Getty Images","credit_url":"https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/senator-joseph-r-mccarthy-chairman-of-the-senate-news-photo/514901042?phrase=Joseph%20McCarthy\u0026adppopup=true","getty_2025":""},"class_list":["post-10027","attachment","type-attachment","status-inherit","hentry"],"prepublish_checks":{},"description":{"rendered":"\u003cp class=\"attachment\"\u003e\u003ca href='https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg'\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=300\u0026amp;height=169\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Senator McCarthy Attending US Army Hearings (Original Caption) Senator Joseph R. McCarthy chairman of the Senate Investigations Subcommittee, is shown as he took center stage again to comment on the latest developments in his dispute with the White House and Army Secretary Robert T. Stevens.\" srcset=\"https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=300 300w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=1024 1024w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=1536 1536w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=2048 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/10/joseph-mccarthy-gettyimages-514901042.jpg?width=1920 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" /\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"caption":{"rendered":""},"alt_text":"Senator McCarthy Attending US Army Hearings (Original Caption) Senator Joseph R. McCarthy chairman of the Senate Investigations Subcommittee, is shown as he took center stage again to comment on the latest developments in his dispute with the White House and Army Secretary Robert T. 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