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"up" : ""; if (i == curr) { cont.style.display = "block"; } else { cont.style.display = "none"; } } } </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!--------head结束----------> <div id="main"> <!--------内容开始----------> <div class="column"> <div class="column_l"> <div class="det"> <div class="det_title"> <ul> <li class="det_title_name">宁夏人民医院新区医院地源热泵系统设计</li> <!-- <li class="det_title_from">来源:<span>新华社</span></li> --> <li class="det_title_time">2015-09-28</li> </ul> </div> <div class="det_title_fenxiang"> <div class="fenxiang"> <!-- JiaThis Button BEGIN --> <div class="jiathis_style_32x32"> <a class="jiathis_button_weixin"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_tsina"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_cqq"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_qzone"></a> <a href="http://www.jiathis.com/share" class="jiathis jiathis_txt jiathis_separator jtico jtico_jiathis" target="_blank"></a> <a class="jiathis_counter_style"></a> </div> <script type="text/javascript" > var jiathis_config={ summary:"", shortUrl:false, hideMore:false } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://v3.jiathis.com/code/jia.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <!-- JiaThis Button END --> </div> <div class="huifu"></div> </div> <div class="mess_text"><p>一、引言</p> <p>由于医院功能的特殊性,其所需能源种类多、电能消耗大。有资料表明:医院的能耗是一般办公建筑的1.6~2倍,而医院建筑空调通风的能耗占到整个建筑总能耗的65%。因此,现代化医院应在确保服务质量的前提下,采用一种稳定、高效、节能、环保的冷热源设备,降低能源消耗,为医院可持续发展提供保障。地源热泵系统作为打造绿色建筑中的一种新型技术在众多公共建筑中得到应用,该系统利用浅层地下水温度较为恒定的特性,以浅层地下水作为能量载体,通过压缩机系统,在夏季将建筑物内的热量转移到地下水中,在冬季将地下水中的热量转移到建筑物内,实现了建筑物的制冷和供暖。但由于地源热泵实施的技术难度大,且对水文地质条件有特殊要求,医院基于银川平原的地质水文条件及其经济评价,确定了地源热泵在医院应用可行性的前提下实施了该项目,下面将对其运行过程中的系统测试与性能进行分析。</p> <p>二、宁夏人民医院新区医院项目概况</p> <p>(一)建筑规模</p> <p>宁夏回族自治区人民医院新区医院于2007年6月21日开工建设,2008年主体工程完工,项目占地面积170000m2,建筑面积120000m2。</p> <p>(二)节能措施</p> <p>1.外墙构造</p> <p>外墙体采用300厚加气混凝土砌块(或钢筋混凝土梁柱)+35厚XPS板保温层+铝板幕墙(金属氟碳喷涂),K&le;0.6W/(m2&middot;k);</p> <p>屋面采用保温防水一体化的50厚聚氨脂硬泡体,K&le;0.55W/(m2&middot;k)。</p> <p>2.门窗构造本工程窗墙比南向为0.38,东向为0.36,西向为0.42,北向为0.39,外窗采用断桥绝热铝合金加中空玻璃窗,外窗气密性不应低于《建筑幕墙物理性能分级》GB/T15225规定的Ⅲ级。</p> <p>外窗传热系数(包括透明幕墙)K&le;2.3W/(m2&middot;k),东、南、西向遮阳系数SC&le;0.60,玻璃的可见光透射比&ge;0.4;玻璃屋顶面积小于屋顶面积的20%,采用钢化夹胶中空彩釉玻璃,K&le;2.7W/(m2&middot;k),遮阳系数SC&le;0.50。外门做门斗或热风幕;当房间挑空时,在楼板底部粘贴30厚自熄型挤塑聚苯板保温层,K&le;0.6W/(m2&middot;k)。</p> <p>三、地源热泵系统使用概况</p> <p>在本项目中,医院空调采用风机盘管加新风系统,供暖供回水温度为40℃~45℃,制冷供回水温度为7℃~12℃。冬季,经潜水泵抽取的温度为12℃的地下水经过旋流除砂器,进入板式换热器侧换热后,温度降至2℃,然后回灌到地下同一含水层中。高温型热泵机组冷凝器侧产生40℃~45℃的热水,通过循环水泵被输送到用户末端供暖系统。</p> <p>夏季,经潜水泵抽取的温度为12℃的地下水经过旋流除砂器,进入板式换热器,吸收热量后温度升至25℃,然后回灌到地下同一含水层中。热泵机组蒸发器侧产生7℃~12℃的冷冻水,通过循环水泵被输送到用户末端的空调系统。为降低输送能耗,水系统采用变频调速变流量系统。</p> <p>本项目冷、热负荷为:Q冷=10399kW,Q热=11088kW。</p> <p>系统采用地下水作为热源,地下水出水量及回灌比例必须经现场抽回水实验得出。</p> <p>银川地区水温度为12℃左右,制冷工况下,按照8℃的供、回水温差计算,需要井水量为1000.0m3/h,制热工况下,按照10℃的供、回水温差计算,需要井水量为1000.0m3/h。</p> <p>根据当地出具的水文报告,单井抽水量为100m3/h。鉴于此,布置10口取水井,井间距为40m,10眼水井总抽水量应为1000m3/h。按照1∶1.5的回灌比例,设置15口回灌水井。</p> <p>本项目水源热泵系统的组成包括:水井工程,包括打井、井室砌筑、井水泵及其配电、井室内阀部件及仪表安装等;井水外线工程,包括挖土方、室外井水管道敷设等;机房内设备安装,包括热泵机组、冷热水循环水泵、集分水器、软水器及水箱、补水与定压装置、井水深度洁净装置、电子水垢处理仪、管道、各类阀门、保温、消声降噪、自动控制等。</p> <p>地源热泵是一个成熟的技术,关键技术是水源井的成井工艺,如果技术不过关会导致井水含砂量过高和回灌不畅。在本设计中,除了强调成井工艺水平,成井队伍素质外,重点解决好回灌阻塞、设备腐蚀、井水泵功耗过高和运行管理等环节。抽水井、回灌井分开设置,在没有充分运行数据的情况下,不应采用同井回灌方式,消除短路隐患,保证温差稳定。</p> <p>四、项目主要设备</p> <p>1.项目机组</p> <p>本项目选配3台半封闭螺杆满液式水源热泵机组,见表1。</p> <p style="text-align: center"><img alt="表1" width="500" height="81" src="http://www.chinahvacr.com/file/upload/201509/28/10-53-35-12-397040.png" /></p> <p>2.附属设备</p> <p>机房中与主机相配套的附属设备,见表2。</p> <p style="text-align: center"><img alt="表2" width="500" height="189" src="http://www.chinahvacr.com/file/upload/201509/28/10-53-49-24-397040.png" /></p> <p>五、项目运行实测数据</p> <p>检测时间:2012年3月22日~23日。检测工况:制热。</p> <p>1.检测数据</p> <p>(1)地源水系统地源水总管流量:1172m3/h,两台90kW水泵运行,流速:1.8m/s;流量:730m3/h,1台90kW水泵运行,流速:1.2m/s。地源水机组出水温度:6.3℃~8.9℃,回水温度:5.2℃~7.8℃。</p> <p>(2)空调循环水系统</p> <p>空调水总管流量:756m3/h,1台90kW+1台55kW水泵运行,流速:1.3m/s。流量:530m3/h,1台90kW水泵运行,流速:0.9m/s。</p> <p>空调水机组出水温度:42℃~45℃,回水温度:39.6℃~41.9℃。</p> <p>(3)机组工作电流:1060A。</p> <p>(4)水泵工作电流:地源水泵1台90kW,160A;2台90kW同时运行,250A;空调水1台90kW,140A。</p> <p>2.系统检测效率</p> <p>根据实际检测的数据,计算空调水运行1台90kW水泵时,地源侧开启1台水泵时系统的检测效率,结果见表3。</p> <p style="text-align: center"><img alt="表3" width="500" height="78" src="http://www.chinahvacr.com/file/upload/201509/28/10-54-09-11-397040.png" /></p> <p>地源热泵系统在医院应用中的性能分析</p> <p>六、结束语</p> <p>地源热泵系统是住建部、财政部共同推广应用的可再生能源建筑应用技术之一。宁夏人民医院新区的地源热泵系统是国家可再生能源建筑应用示范项目,对此技术在宁夏及广大西部地区的推广应用具有重要的示范意义。项目运行效果良好,现场测试系统效率COP达到3.7,在充分认识到地源热泵系统的潜在风险的基础上,科学设计、精心施工及专业管理可以保证地源热泵系统的安全高效运行。</p></div> <div class="mess_textlist"> </div> <div class="xw_line"> </div> <div class="mess_footnote"> <ul> <li></li> <li></li> </ul> </div> <div class="fenxiang"> <!-- JiaThis Button BEGIN --> <div class="jiathis_style_32x32"> <a class="jiathis_button_weixin"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_tsina"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_cqq"></a> <a class="jiathis_button_qzone"></a> <a href="http://www.jiathis.com/share" class="jiathis jiathis_txt jiathis_separator jtico jtico_jiathis" target="_blank"></a> <a class="jiathis_counter_style"></a> </div> <script 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