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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Computer graphics artist</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Karl Sims</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_Sims_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Karl_Sims_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Karl_Sims_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="485" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Karl_Sims_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Karl_Sims_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Karl_Sims_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Karl_Sims_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1017" data-file-height="2241" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sims in 2009</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1962 (age 62–63)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (B.S., M.S.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Computer graphics artist, researcher</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Artificial_life" title="Artificial life">Artificial life</a>, <a href="/wiki/Particle_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Particle systems">particle systems</a>, computer animation, <a href="/wiki/Genetic_algorithms" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic algorithms">genetic algorithms</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Karl Sims</b> (born 1962<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a <a href="/wiki/Computer_graphics" title="Computer graphics">computer graphics</a> artist and researcher, who is best known for using <a href="/wiki/Particle_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Particle systems">particle systems</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artificial_life" title="Artificial life">artificial life</a> in computer animation. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Sims&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sims received a B.S. in Life Sciences from <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a> in 1984, and a M.S. in computer graphics from the <a href="/wiki/MIT_Media_Lab" title="MIT Media Lab">MIT Media Lab</a> in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After receiving his master's degree, Sims worked on special effects software at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitney/Demos_Productions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Whitney/Demos Productions (page does not exist)">Whitney/Demos Productions</a> and then was a co-founder of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Optomystic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Optomystic (page does not exist)">Optomystic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Optomystic in 1989, Sims developed software for the <a href="/wiki/Connection_Machine" title="Connection Machine">Connection Machine 2</a> (CM-2) that animated the water from drawings of a deluge by <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>, used in <a href="/wiki/Mark_Whitney" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Whitney">Mark Whitney</a>'s film <i>Excerpts from Leonardo's Deluge</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sims was later artist-in-residence from 1990 to 1996 at the supercomputer manufacturer and artificial intelligence company <a href="/wiki/Thinking_Machines_Corporation" title="Thinking Machines Corporation">Thinking Machines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996, Sims founded and became CEO of <a href="/wiki/GenArts" class="mw-redirect" title="GenArts">GenArts</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a> company that developed special effects <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plugins</a> used in film and video production.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008 he moved to a role on the board of directors when <a href="/wiki/Insight_Partners" title="Insight Partners">Insight Partners</a> acquired a majority stake in the company. </p><p>Sims' animations <i>Particle Dreams</i> and <i>Panspermia</i> used the CM-2 to animate and render various complex phenomena via particle systems. <i>Panspermia</i> was also used as the video for <a href="/wiki/Pantera" title="Pantera">Pantera</a>'s 1994 cover of <a href="/wiki/Black_Sabbath" title="Black Sabbath">Black Sabbath</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Planet_Caravan" title="Planet Caravan">Planet Caravan</a>". </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Galapagos-icc-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Galapagos-icc-2.jpg/220px-Galapagos-icc-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Galapagos-icc-2.jpg/330px-Galapagos-icc-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Galapagos-icc-2.jpg/440px-Galapagos-icc-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1427" data-file-height="1027" /></a><figcaption><i>Galápagos</i> installation</figcaption></figure> <p>Sims wrote landmark papers on virtual creatures and <a href="/wiki/Artificial_evolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial evolution">artificial evolution</a> for computer art. His virtual creatures used an <a href="/wiki/Artificial_neural_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a> to process input from virtual sensors and act on virtual muscles between cuboid 'limbs'.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The creatures were evolved to display multiple modes of water and land based movements such as swimming like a sea snake or fish, jumping and tumbling (walking was not achieved). The creatures were also co-evolved in different species to compete for possession of a virtual cube, displaying the <a href="/wiki/Red_Queen%27s_Hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Queen's Hypothesis">red queen effect</a>. The cover of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Langton" title="Christopher Langton">Chris Langton</a>'s 1995 book <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artificial_Life:_An_Overview&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artificial Life: An Overview (page does not exist)">Artificial Life: An Overview</a></i> uses an image of the creatures generated by Sims.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1997, Sims created the interactive installation <i>Galápagos</i> for the <a href="/wiki/NTT_InterCommunication_Center" title="NTT InterCommunication Center">NTT InterCommunication Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this installation, viewers help evolve 3D animated creatures by selecting which ones will be allowed to live and produce new, mutated offspring. </p><p>His paper "Artificial Evolution for Computer Graphics" described the application of <a href="/wiki/Genetic_algorithm" title="Genetic algorithm">genetic algorithms</a> to generate abstract 2D images from complex mathematical formulae, evolved under the guidance of a human. He used this method to create the video <i>Primordial Dance</i> – which, according to one published study with supplementary video, calls to mind the history of early 20th century abstraction among its several evolutionary themes<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – as well as parts of <i>Liquid Selves</i>. <i>Genetic Images</i> was an interactive installation also based on this method; it was exhibited at the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre Georges Pompidou">Centre Georges Pompidou</a> in Paris, 1993, as well as <a href="/wiki/Ars_Electronica" title="Ars Electronica">Ars Electronica</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> Interactive Media Festival. </p><p>Sims received an <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a> in 2019 for outstanding achievement in engineering development.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1998, he was awarded a <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellowship">MacArthur Fellowship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has won two Golden Nicas at <a href="/wiki/Prix_Ars_Electronica" title="Prix Ars Electronica">Prix Ars Electronica</a>, in 1991 and in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has also received honors from <a href="/wiki/Imagina" title="Imagina">Imagina</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Computer_Graphics_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Computer Graphics Association (page does not exist)">National Computer Graphics Association</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlin_Video_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlin Video Festival (page does not exist)">Berlin Video Festival</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=NICOGRAPH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NICOGRAPH (page does not exist)">NICOGRAPH</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Images_du_Futur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Images du Futur (page does not exist)">Images du Futur</a>, and other festivals. </p><p>He is married to MIT professor <a href="/wiki/Pattie_Maes" title="Pattie Maes">Pattie Maes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-people.com_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-people.com-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Sims&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Flow exhibit demonstration</i>, 2020 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2w5vf0WkGYg">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>)</li> <li><i>Seven Experiments in Procedural Animation</i>, 2018 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVoV9xV_LU4">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>)</li> <li><i>Evolved Virtual Creatures</i>, 1994 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZtZia4ZkX8">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>)</li> <li><i>Liquid Selves</i>, 1992 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsnSRRVwkrA">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>)</li> <li><i>Primordial Dance</i>, 1991 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tT1CIQIfses">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>)</li> <li><i>Panspermia</i>, 1990 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxg8qgXVHLU">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>) (Incorporated into <i><a href="/wiki/Beyond_the_Mind%27s_Eye" class="mw-redirect" title="Beyond the Mind's Eye">Beyond the Mind's Eye</a></i>, 1992) )</li> <li><i>Particle Dreams</i>, 1988 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5QEp-oPaQto">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>)</li> <li><i>Excerpts from Leonardo's Deluge</i>, 1989 – software developer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Sims&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Sims1990" class="citation journal cs1">Karl Sims (August 1990). "Particle Animation and Rendering Using Data Parallel Computation". <i>SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings</i>: <span class="nowrap">405–</span>413.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SIGGRAPH+%2790+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Particle+Animation+and+Rendering+Using+Data+Parallel+Computation&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E405-%3C%2Fspan%3E413&rft.date=1990-08&rft.au=Karl+Sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Sims1992" class="citation journal cs1">Karl Sims (1992). "Choreographed Image Flow". <i>Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation</i>. <b>3</b>: <span class="nowrap">31–</span>43. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fvis.4340030106">10.1002/vis.4340030106</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Visualization+and+Computer+Animation&rft.atitle=Choreographed+Image+Flow&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E31-%3C%2Fspan%3E43&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fvis.4340030106&rft.au=Karl+Sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Sims1991" class="citation journal cs1">Karl Sims (July 1991). "Artificial Evolution for Computer Graphics". <i>SIGGRAPH '91 Proceedings</i>: <span class="nowrap">319–</span>328.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SIGGRAPH+%2791+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Artificial+Evolution+for+Computer+Graphics&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E319-%3C%2Fspan%3E328&rft.date=1991-07&rft.au=Karl+Sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Sims1994" class="citation journal cs1">Karl Sims (July 1994). "Evolving Virtual Creatures". <i>SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings</i>: <span class="nowrap">15–</span>22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SIGGRAPH+%2794+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Evolving+Virtual+Creatures&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E15-%3C%2Fspan%3E22&rft.date=1994-07&rft.au=Karl+Sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Sims1994" class="citation journal cs1">Karl Sims (1994). Brooks & Maes (ed.). "Evolving 3D Morphology and Behavior by Competition". <i>Artificial Life IV Proceedings</i>. MIT Press: <span class="nowrap">28–</span>39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Artificial+Life+IV+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Evolving+3D+Morphology+and+Behavior+by+Competition&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E28-%3C%2Fspan%3E39&rft.date=1994&rft.au=Karl+Sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Sims1992" class="citation journal cs1">Karl Sims (1992). "Interactive Evolution of Dynamical Systems". <i>Proceedings of the First European Conference on Artificial Life</i>. MIT Press: <span class="nowrap">171–</span>178.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+First+European+Conference+on+Artificial+Life&rft.atitle=Interactive+Evolution+of+Dynamical+Systems&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E171-%3C%2Fspan%3E178&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Karl+Sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Sims1993" class="citation journal cs1">Karl Sims (1993). "Interactive Evolution of Equations for Procedural Models". <i>The Visual Computer</i>. Springer-Verlag: <span class="nowrap">466–</span>476.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Visual+Computer&rft.atitle=Interactive+Evolution+of+Equations+for+Procedural+Models&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E466-%3C%2Fspan%3E476&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Karl+Sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLehman,_Clune,_Misevic,..Sims,..2020" class="citation journal cs1">Lehman, Clune, Misevic,..Sims,.. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2Fartl_a_00319">"The Surprising Creativity of Digital Evolution"</a>. <i>Artificial Life</i>. <b>26</b> (2). MIT Press: <span class="nowrap">274–</span>306. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03453">1803.03453</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2Fartl_a_00319">10.1162/artl_a_00319</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32271631">32271631</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4519185">4519185</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Artificial+Life&rft.atitle=The+Surprising+Creativity+of+Digital+Evolution&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E274-%3C%2Fspan%3E306&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1803.03453&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4519185%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32271631&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2Fartl_a_00319&rft.au=Lehman%2C+Clune%2C+Misevic%2C..Sims%2C..&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1162%252Fartl_a_00319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Sims&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_life" title="Artificial life">Artificial life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolved_virtual_creatures" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolved virtual creatures">Evolved virtual creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_robotics" title="Evolutionary robotics">Evolutionary robotics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Sims&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zkm.de/en/person/karl-sims">"Karl Sims | ZKM"</a>. <i>zkm.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zkm.de&rft.atitle=Karl+Sims+%7C+ZKM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzkm.de%2Fen%2Fperson%2Fkarl-sims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.siggraph.org/person/karl-sims/">"Karl Sims - ACM SIGGRAPH HISTORY ARCHIVES"</a>. <i>history.siggraph.org</i>. 2017-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.siggraph.org&rft.atitle=Karl+Sims+-+ACM+SIGGRAPH+HISTORY+ARCHIVES&rft.date=2017-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.siggraph.org%2Fperson%2Fkarl-sims%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.siggraph.org/animation-video-pod/excerpts-from-leonardos-deluge-by-optomystic/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Excerpts from Leonardo's Deluge" by Sims - ACM SIGGRAPH HISTORY ARCHIVES"</a>. <i>history.siggraph.org</i>. 2022-12-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.siggraph.org&rft.atitle=%22Excerpts+from+Leonardo%27s+Deluge%22+by+Sims+-+ACM+SIGGRAPH+HISTORY+ARCHIVES&rft.date=2022-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.siggraph.org%2Fanimation-video-pod%2Fexcerpts-from-leonardos-deluge-by-optomystic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cap.csail.mit.edu/engage/spotlights/karl-sims">"Karl Sims | CSAIL Alliances"</a>. <i>cap.csail.mit.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(16 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14626268.2020.1714664">"On the origins of a 13-second segment of Primordial Dance: a brief Karl Sims interview with commentary"</a>. <i>Digital Creativity</i>. <b>31</b>: <span class="nowrap">22–</span>28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14626268.2020.1714664">10.1080/14626268.2020.1714664</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digital+Creativity&rft.atitle=On+the+origins+of+a+13-second+segment+of+Primordial+Dance%3A+a+brief+Karl+Sims+interview+with+commentary&rft.volume=31&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E22-%3C%2Fspan%3E28&rft.date=2020-01-16&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14626268.2020.1714664&rft.au=Smith%2C+Glenn+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F14626268.2020.1714664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSims,_Karl" class="citation web cs1">Sims, Karl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/272773412">"An excerpt from "Primordial Dance" by Karl Sims"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20122115,00.html">the original</a> on 2011-02-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=People.com&rft.atitle=Pattie+Maes+%E2%80%93+Most+Beautiful&rft.date=1997-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.people.com%2Fpeople%2Farchive%2Farticle%2F0%2C%2C20122115%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Sims" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Sims&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karlsims.com/">Karl Sims home page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karlsims.com/evolved-virtual-creatures.html">Virtual creatures pictures & movies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iasl.uni-muenchen.de/links/GCA-IV.3e.html#Evolution">Thomas Dreher: History of Computer Art</a> Chap. IV.3.2: Evolutionary Art of William Latham and Karl Sims</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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