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תוכנה חופשית וקוד פתוח – ויקיפדיה
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data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- version 1.0.2 (change every time you update a partial) --> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="he" dir="rtl"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="mobileonly"> <table class="ambox ambox-content" style="background-color:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #FF4500;border-right:10px solid #FF4500;-moz-border-radius: 1em 1em 1em 0; -webkit-border-radius: 1em 1em 1em 0; border-radius: 1em 1em 1em 0;; width:100%;"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="mbox-text" style="vertical-align:center;font-size:90%;border-bottom:1px solid #fabf6c;padding:2px 10px !important;"><b>יש <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ויקיפדיה:שכתוב ועריכה">לשכתב</a> ערך זה</b>. הסיבה היא: <b>חלקים שונים של ההערך דורשים ניסוח מחדש או הרחבה</b>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:center;font-size:80%;display:block;padding:2px 10px !important;" class="hide-when-compact">אתם מוזמנים לסייע ולתקן את הבעיות, אך אנא אל תורידו את ההודעה כל עוד לא תוקן הדף.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p><b>תוכנה חופשית וקוד פתוח</b> (באנגלית: <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" class="extiw" title="en:Free and open-source software">FOSS</a>; <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ראשי תיבות">ראשי תיבות</a>: <b>F</b>ree and <b>O</b>pen <b>S</b>ource <b>S</b>oftware;) היא <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תוכנה">תוכנה</a> שניתן לסווג אותה הן כ<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תוכנה חופשית">תוכנה חופשית</a> והן כתוכנה שהקוד שלה הוא <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="קוד פתוח">קוד פתוח</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> כלומר, תוכנה שתנאי הרישיון שלה מעניקים לכל אחד <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="רישיון תוכנה">זכות חוקית</a> חופשית להשתמש, להעתיק, ללמוד, ולשנות את התוכנה בכל דרך שהיא ולצורך זה <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="קוד מקור">קוד המקור</a> שלה משותף באופן פומבי. גישה זו נועדה לעודד השתתפות ותרומה, לצורך שיפור הקוד או לצורך הנדסת התוכנה<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="תוכנה קניינית (הדף אינו קיים)">תוכנה קניינית</a>, להבדיל, נמצאת תחת הגבלות <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%96%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="זכויות יוצרים">זכויות יוצרים</a> או תנאים נוספים המוכתבים על ידי רישיון תוכנה, ובמיוחד, קוד המקור שלה אינו זמין לרוב למשתמשים או זמין עם הגבלות.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="he" dir="rtl"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">תוכן עניינים</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">עקרונות</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%98_%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%99"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">מבט כללי</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">תוכנה חופשית</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA"><span class="tocnumber">2.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">ארבעת החירויות הבסיסיות של תוכנה חופשית</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">קוד פתוח</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%99%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">אימוץ על ידי גורמים ממשלתיים</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">קישורים חיצוניים</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">הערות שוליים</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="עקרונות"><span id=".D7.A2.D7.A7.D7.A8.D7.95.D7.A0.D7.95.D7.AA"></span>עקרונות</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "עקרונות"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>על פי עקרונות FOSS, יש לשמור על זכויות חופש אזרחי בתוכנה (ראו "ארבעת החירויות הבסיסיות של תוכנה חופשית"). יתרונות נוספים של FOSS יכולים להיות עלויות נמוכות, אבטחת סייבר משופרת, יציבות הקוד (בעיקר בהקשר של השפעת תוכנות זדוניות), הגנת פרטיות, חינוך, ומתן שליטה גדולה יותר של משתמשים על החומרה שבה הם עושים שימוש. <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="מערכת הפעלה">מערכות הפעלה</a> FOSS, כמו <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="לינוקס">לינוקס</a>, ונגזרות של <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BSD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="BSD">BSD</a>, נמצאות בשימוש רחב כיום בכל רחבי העולם, במחשבים שולחניים. <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תנועת התוכנה החופשית">תנועת התוכנה החופשית</a> (free-software movement) ו<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="תנועת הקוד הפתוח (הדף אינו קיים)">תנועת הקוד הפתוח</a> (open-source software movement) הן קהילות מקוונות שעומדות מאחורי הייצור וההפצה של מודעות ל FOSS, כאשר הקבוצה השנייה מעדיפה להשתמש במונח FLOSS (עבור <b>f</b>ree/<b>l</b>ibre).</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="מבט_כללי"><span id=".D7.9E.D7.91.D7.98_.D7.9B.D7.9C.D7.9C.D7.99"></span>מבט כללי</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "מבט כללי"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>FOSS הוא מונח שמשמש כמטרייה לתוכנה שנחשבת גם חופשית, וגם מוצעת כקוד פתוח לציבור. FOSS תמיד מאפשרת למשתמש לחקור את קוד המקור ונותנת רמת שליטה גבוהה על תפקוד התוכנה, בהשוואה לתוכנה קניינית. המונח "תוכנה חופשית" אינו מתייחס לנושאים כספיים כמו עלות התוכנה או התמיכה, אלא לסוג הרישיון שמאפשר חופש מבחינת זכויות אזרחיות ("free” as in “free speech,” not as in “free beer”)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. ישנם מספר מונחים וראשי תיבות קשורים לתוכנה חופשית וקוד פתוח (FOSS or F/OSS), או "free/libre and open-source software" (FLOSS או F/LOSS).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>אף על פי שיש חפיפה גבוהה בין רישיונות חופשיים לבין רישיונות קוד פתוח, יש הבדל פילוסופי מהותי ביניהם. הטרמינולוגיה FOSS נוצרה כדי להוות לשון מאזניים נייטרלית בשוני שבין שני ממדים אלו, לפי הדוקטרינה של FSF (Free Software Foundation) לעומת OSI (Open <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Source?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Source">Source</a> Institution), ונותנת מונח יחיד מאחד שמאפשר התייחסות לשניהם.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="תוכנה_חופשית"><span id=".D7.AA.D7.95.D7.9B.D7.A0.D7.94_.D7.97.D7.95.D7.A4.D7.A9.D7.99.D7.AA"></span>תוכנה חופשית</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "תוכנה חופשית"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <dl> <dd> <span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Postscript-viewer-blue.svg/25px-Postscript-viewer-blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 25px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Postscript-viewer-blue.svg/25px-Postscript-viewer-blue.svg.png" data-width="25" data-height="25" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Postscript-viewer-blue.svg/38px-Postscript-viewer-blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Postscript-viewer-blue.svg/50px-Postscript-viewer-blue.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> ערך מורחב – <b><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תוכנה חופשית">תוכנה חופשית</a></b><br> </dd> </dl> <p><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="הגדרת התוכנה החופשית (הדף אינו קיים)">הגדרת התוכנה החופשית</a> <small class="noprint" dir="rtl">(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Free_Software_Definition" class="extiw" title="en:The Free Software Definition">אנ'</a>)</small>, שנוסחה על ידי <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A6%27%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ריצ'רד סטולמן">ריצ'רד סטולמן</a> ואומצה על ידי <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%93_%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="המוסד לתוכנה חופשית">המוסד לתוכנה חופשית</a>, מגדירה <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תוכנה חופשית">תוכנה חופשית</a> במונחים של חופש, ולא במונחים של כסף - כלומר, לא "חינם", ובמיוחד היא מכבדת את מה שסטולמן כינה "ארבעת החירויות הבסיסיות". אזכור ראשון של עקרונות אלה הופיע, ככל הידוע, בפרסום ההיסטורי GNU's Bulletin בפברואר 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> גרסה ראשונה של המסמך בגרסתו המלאה פורסמה באתר <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%98_%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="פרויקט גנו">פרויקט גנו</a> ב-2001 והתעדכנה מספר פעמים מאז.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> היא תורגמה ליותר מ-40 שפות, בהן גם לעברית.<sup id="cite_ref-gnu.org_7-0" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-gnu.org-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="ארבעת_החירויות_הבסיסיות_של_תוכנה_חופשית"><span id=".D7.90.D7.A8.D7.91.D7.A2.D7.AA_.D7.94.D7.97.D7.99.D7.A8.D7.95.D7.99.D7.95.D7.AA_.D7.94.D7.91.D7.A1.D7.99.D7.A1.D7.99.D7.95.D7.AA_.D7.A9.D7.9C_.D7.AA.D7.95.D7.9B.D7.A0.D7.94_.D7.97.D7.95.D7.A4.D7.A9.D7.99.D7.AA"></span>ארבעת החירויות הבסיסיות של תוכנה חופשית</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "ארבעת החירויות הבסיסיות של תוכנה חופשית"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>כדי שתוכנה תעמוד בהגדרה "תוכנה חופשית", ה-FSF דורש שרישיון התוכנה שלה יכבד את זכויותיהם של המשתמשים (להבדיל מרישיונות שעוסקים בזכויות המפתחים, או המגבלות החלות על המשתמשים):<sup id="cite_ref-gnu.org_7-1" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-gnu.org-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <ul> <li>החופש להריץ את התוכנה, לכל מטרה שהיא (<b>חירות 0</b>)</li> <li>החופש ללמוד איך תוכנה עובדת, ולשנות אותה לצרכיהם (<b>חירות 1</b>). גישה לקוד המקור היא תנאי מקדים לכך.</li> <li>החופש להפיץ עותקים בהפצה-חוזרת כדי שיוכלו למשל לעזור לשכנים שלהם (<b>חירות 2</b>).</li> <li>החופש לשפר את התוכנה, ולפרסם את השיפורים שלהם לציבור, כך שכל הקהילה תרויח (<b>חירות 3</b>). גישה לקוד-המקור היא תנאי מקדים לכך.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="קוד_פתוח"><span id=".D7.A7.D7.95.D7.93_.D7.A4.D7.AA.D7.95.D7.97"></span>קוד פתוח</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "קוד פתוח"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="הגדרת הקוד הפתוח (הדף אינו קיים)">הגדרת הקוד הפתוח</a> <small class="noprint" dir="rtl">(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Open_Source_Definition" class="extiw" title="en:The Open Source Definition">אנ'</a>)</small>, משמשת את "יוזמת הקוד הפתוח" (OSI) כדי לקבוע אם <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="רישיון תוכנה">רישיון תוכנה</a> עומד בדרישות הארגון להיות "תוכנה בקוד פתוח".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> את ההגדרה ניסח ברוס פרנס על בסיס "כללי <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%93%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="דביאן">דביאן</a> לתוכנה חופשית"<small class="noprint" dir="rtl">(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian_Free_Software_Guidelines" class="extiw" title="en:Debian Free Software Guidelines">אנ'</a>)</small>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ולא על פי ארבעת החירויות הבסיסיות שניסח סטולמן ופורסמה מאוחר יותר.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> כתוצאה מכך ציין פרנס שהקידום של קוד פתוח על ידי <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%A1._%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%93?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="אריק ס. ריימונד">אריק ריימונד</a>, האפיל שלה בצדק על מאמצי ה FSF, וחידש את תמיכתו בתוכנה חופשית.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> לאחר מכן, לאורך שנות ה-2000 חזר לדבר על הצורך בקוד פתוח<sup id="cite_ref-10yearsoss_13-0" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10yearsoss-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-meet_the_perens_14-0" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-meet_the_perens-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="אימוץ_על_ידי_גורמים_ממשלתיים"><span id=".D7.90.D7.99.D7.9E.D7.95.D7.A5_.D7.A2.D7.9C_.D7.99.D7.93.D7.99_.D7.92.D7.95.D7.A8.D7.9E.D7.99.D7.9D_.D7.9E.D7.9E.D7.A9.D7.9C.D7.AA.D7.99.D7.99.D7.9D"></span>אימוץ על ידי גורמים ממשלתיים</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "אימוץ על ידי גורמים ממשלתיים"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="plainlinks" style="border: 1px solid #ddd;font-size:smaller; text-align: right; padding:5px 1em 5px 1em; width: auto;"> פרק זה לוקה בחסר. אנא <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94" title="ויקיפדיה:ברוכים הבאים">תרמו</a> לוויקיפדיה ו<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25D7%25AA%25D7%2595%25D7%259B%25D7%25A0%25D7%2594_%25D7%2597%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A9%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA_%25D7%2595%25D7%25A7%25D7%2595%25D7%2593_%25D7%25A4%25D7%25AA%25D7%2595%25D7%2597%26action%3Dedit">השלימו אותו</a>. </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="קישורים_חיצוניים"><span id=".D7.A7.D7.99.D7.A9.D7.95.D7.A8.D7.99.D7.9D_.D7.97.D7.99.D7.A6.D7.95.D7.A0.D7.99.D7.99.D7.9D"></span>קישורים חיצוניים</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "קישורים חיצוניים"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://opensource.org/licenses/">רשימת רישיונות קוד פתוח</a> מוכרים באתר OSI</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="הערות_שוליים"><span id=".D7.94.D7.A2.D7.A8.D7.95.D7.AA_.D7.A9.D7.95.D7.9C.D7.99.D7.99.D7.9D"></span>הערות שוליים</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: "הערות שוליים"" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="reflist references-small"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"FOSS הוא מונח מקיף הכולל 'תוכנה חופשית' ו'תוכנת קוד פתוח', אשר למרות שהם מתארים מודלים דומים של פיתוח, יש להם תרבות ופילוסופיית פיתוח שונות" (Feller, 2005, עמודים 89, 362). התואר "חופשי" מתאר את היכולת של המשתמשים להעתיק ולעשות שימוש חוזר בתוכנה. המוסד לתוכנה חופשית, ארגון ששם לו למטרה לקדם את מודל החופשיות של תוכנה, מציע לחשוב חופש בהקשר של תוכנה כ"חופש דיבור" ולא על "חינם" כמו "בירה בחינם" (או כפי מטבע הלשון המפורסם באנגלית: "think of free as in free speech, not as in free beer"). תוכנה חופשית מתמקדת בחופש בסיסי למשתמשים, כאשר תוכנה תוכנת קוד פתוח מתמקדת בכח של מודל הפיתוח peer-to-peer. המונח FOSS ניתן לשימוש ללא כל כוונת הטיה נגד אחד ה"צדדים" הפילוסופיים של שני אלו.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_2-0">1</a></sup> <sup><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_2-1">2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36773988">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation .reference-accessdate,.mw-parser-output .citation .reference-archive{unicode-bidi:isolate;direction:rtl}.mw-parser-output .citation .external{unicode-bidi:isolate}.mw-parser-output .reference-accessdate,.mw-parser-output .reference-archive-date{display:none}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">"What is free software? The Free Software Definition"</a>. <i>The GNU Project -- GNU.org</i>. 2018-06-12. <span class="reference-archive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">ארכיון</a><span class="reference-archive-date"> מ-2013-10-14</span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span class="nowrap">2018-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+GNU+Project+--+GNU.org&rft.atitle=What+is+free+software%3F+The+Free+Software+Definition&rft.date=2018-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fphilosophy%2Ffree-sw.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36773988"><cite id="CITEREFStallman" class="citation web cs1">Stallman, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/floss-and-foss.en.html">"FLOSS and FOSS"</a>. <i>The GNU Project -- GNU.org</i> (באנגלית). <span class="reference-archive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916040800/https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/floss-and-foss.en.html">ארכיון</a><span class="reference-archive-date"> מ-2018-09-16</span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span class="nowrap">2018-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+GNU+Project+--+GNU.org&rft.atitle=FLOSS+and+FOSS&rft.aulast=Stallman&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fphilosophy%2Ffloss-and-foss.en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36773988"><cite id="CITEREFStallman" class="citation web cs1">Stallman, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/floss-and-foss.en.html">"FLOSS and FOSS"</a>. <i>www.gnu.org</i> (באנגלית). <span class="reference-archive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916040800/https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/floss-and-foss.en.html">ארכיון</a><span class="reference-archive-date"> מ-2018-09-16</span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span class="nowrap">2018-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gnu.org&rft.atitle=FLOSS+and+FOSS&rft.aulast=Stallman&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fphilosophy%2Ffloss-and-foss.en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard M. Stallman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull1.txt">What is the Free Software Foundation?</a>, gnu.org, פברואר 1986 <span dir="rtl" class="languageicon">(באנגלית)</span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36549940">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;font-weight:bold;color:#555}</style></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is Free Software?</a>, www.gnu.org</span></li> <li id="cite_note-gnu.org-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-gnu.org_7-0">1</a></sup> <sup><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-gnu.org_7-1">2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.he.html">ההגדרה של תוכנה חופשית - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</a>, באתר www.gnu.org</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/opensources/book/perens.html">"<i>The Open Source Definition by Bruce Perens</i>"</a>. 1999-03-29. <span class="reference-archive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140915025222/http://oreilly.com/catalog/opensources/book/perens.html">ארכיון</a><span class="reference-archive-date"> מ-2014-09-15</span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span class="nowrap">2016-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Open+Source+Definition+by+Bruce+Perens&rft.date=1999-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oreilly.com%2Fcatalog%2Fopensources%2Fbook%2Fperens.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span>, Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution, January 1999, ISBN <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%97%D7%93:%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99_%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA/1-56592-582-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="מיוחד:משאבי ספרות/1-56592-582-3"><span dir="ltr">1-56592-582-3</span></a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36773988"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://opensource.org/docs/osd">"<i>The Open Source Definition</i>"</a>. <span class="reference-archive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015144021/http://opensource.org/docs/osd">ארכיון</a><span class="reference-archive-date"> מ-2013-10-15</span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span class="nowrap">2015-06-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Open+Source+Definition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopensource.org%2Fdocs%2Fosd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span>, The Open Source Definition according to the Open Source Initiative</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36773988"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid%3D1129863%26cid%3D26875815">"Slashdot.org"</a>. <i>News.slashdot.org</i>. <span dir="rtl">16 בפברואר 2009</span>. <span class="reference-archive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717074714/http://news.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid%3D1129863%26cid%3D26875815">ארכיון</a><span class="reference-archive-date"> מ-<span dir="rtl">17 ביולי 2013</span></span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span dir="rtl">23 באוקטובר 2011</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News.slashdot.org&rft.atitle=Slashdot.org&rft.date=2009-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.slashdot.org%2Fcomments.pl%3Fsid%3D1129863%26cid%3D26875815&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA:Cite_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תבנית:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"> (<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%94:%D7%A9%D7%92%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#date_auto_xlated" title="עזרה:שגיאות ציטוט">עזרה</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36773988"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716055445/https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/1999/02/msg01641.html">"It's Time to Talk About Free Software Again"</a>. <span class="reference-archive">אורכב מ-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/1999/02/msg01641.html">המקור</a> ב-2014-07-16</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It%27s+Time+to+Talk+About+Free+Software+Again&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flists.debian.org%2Fdebian-devel%2F1999%2F02%2Fmsg01641.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10yearsoss-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10yearsoss_13-0">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36773988"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104135143/http://perens.com/works/articles/State8Feb2008.html">"Bruce Perens - State of Open Source Message: A New Decade For Open Source"</a>. Perens.com. 1998-02-09. <span class="reference-archive">אורכב מ-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://perens.com/works/articles/State8Feb2008.html">המקור</a> ב-<span dir="rtl">4 בנובמבר 2013</span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span class="nowrap">2009-07-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bruce+Perens+-+State+of+Open+Source+Message%3A+A+New+Decade+For+Open+Source&rft.pub=Perens.com&rft.date=1998-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fperens.com%2Fworks%2Farticles%2FState8Feb2008.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA:Cite_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תבנית:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"> (<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%94:%D7%A9%D7%92%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#date_auto_xlated" title="עזרה:שגיאות ציטוט">עזרה</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-meet_the_perens-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-meet_the_perens_14-0">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36773988"><cite id="CITEREFBarr2003" class="citation web cs1">Barr, Joe (<span dir="rtl">13 בינואר 2003</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://akashsingh.ulitzer.com/node/32606">"Meet the Perens"</a>. LinuxWorld Magazine. <span class="reference-archive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106193215/http://akashsingh.ulitzer.com/node/32606">ארכיון</a><span class="reference-archive-date"> מ-<span dir="rtl">6 בנובמבר 2013</span></span></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. נבדק ב-<span dir="rtl">18 בפברואר 2017</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meet+the+Perens&rft.pub=LinuxWorld+Magazine&rft.date=2003-01-13&rft.aulast=Barr&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fakashsingh.ulitzer.com%2Fnode%2F32606&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhe.wikipedia.org%3A%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA:Cite_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="תבנית:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"> (<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%94:%D7%A9%D7%92%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#date_auto_xlated" title="עזרה:שגיאות ציטוט">עזרה</a>)</span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐64f95c4bc9‐mx9wr Cached time: 20241121204614 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.274 seconds Real time usage: 0.352 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1443/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 34566/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5012/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 15/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36098/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.156/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4536847/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 319.413 1 -total 67.75% 216.407 1 תבנית:הערות_שוליים 39.85% 127.298 9 תבנית:Cite_web 18.21% 58.153 4 תבנית:קישור_כללי 15.75% 50.292 1 תבנית:לשכתב 9.80% 31.295 4 תבנית:אם_עברית 5.65% 18.039 1 תבנית:הערה 4.58% 14.629 1 תבנית:ISBN 3.51% 11.214 1 תבנית:מסת"ב 3.38% 10.787 1 תבנית:ערך_מורחב --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key hewiki:pcache:idhash:2007420-0!canonical and timestamp 20241121204614 and revision id 37476035. 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software – אנגלית" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Free and open-source software" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="אנגלית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%2585%25D8%25AC%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25AD%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A9_%25D9%2585%25D9%2581%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B5%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1" title="برمجية حرة مفتوحة المصدر – ערבית" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برمجية حرة مفتوحة المصدر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ערבית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azad_v%25C9%2599_a%25C3%25A7%25C4%25B1q_m%25C9%2599nb%25C9%2599li_proqram_t%25C9%2599minat%25C4%25B1" title="Azad və açıq mənbəli proqram təminatı – אזרית" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Azad və açıq mənbəli proqram təminatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="אזרית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4_%25E0%25A6%2593_%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4_%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A7%258E%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B0_%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25AB%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%2593%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0" title="মুক্ত ও উন্মুক্ত উৎসের সফটওয়্যার – בנגלית" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুক্ত ও উন্মুক্ত উৎসের সফটওয়্যার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="בנגלית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOSS" title="FOSS – קטלאנית" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="FOSS" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="קטלאנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOSS" title="FOSS – סבואנו" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="FOSS" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="סבואנו" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25DB%2595%25D8%25B1%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25DB%2595%25DB%258C_%25D8%25AE%25DB%2586%25DA%2595%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DB%258C_%25D9%2588_%25D8%25B3%25DB%2595%25D8%25B1%25DA%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25DB%2595%25DA%25A9%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25DB%2595" title="بەرنامەی خۆڕایی و سەرچاوەکراوە – כורדית סוראנית" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەرنامەی خۆڕایی و سەرچاوەکراوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="כורדית סוראנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svobodn%25C3%25BD_a_otev%25C5%2599en%25C3%25BD_software" title="Svobodný a otevřený software – צ׳כית" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Svobodný a otevřený software" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="צ׳כית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free/Libre_and_Open_Source_Software" title="Free/Libre and Open Source Software – דנית" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Free/Libre and Open Source Software" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="דנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free/Libre_Open_Source_Software" title="Free/Libre Open Source Software – גרמנית" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Free/Libre Open Source Software" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="גרמנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2595%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B5%25CF%258D%25CE%25B8%25CE%25B5%25CF%2581%25CE%25BF_%25CE%259B%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B3%25CE%25B9%25CF%2583%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CF%258C_%25CE%25BA%25CE%25B1%25CE%25B9_%25CE%259B%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B3%25CE%25B9%25CF%2583%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CF%258C_%25CE%2591%25CE%25BD%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B9%25CF%2587%25CF%2584%25CE%25BF%25CF%258D_%25CE%259A%25CF%258E%25CE%25B4%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25B1" title="Ελεύθερο Λογισμικό και Λογισμικό Ανοιχτού Κώδικα – יוונית" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ελεύθερο Λογισμικό και Λογισμικό Ανοιχτού Κώδικα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="יוונית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_libre_y_de_c%25C3%25B3digo_abierto" title="Software libre y de código abierto – ספרדית" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Software libre y de código abierto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ספרדית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2586%25D8%25B1%25D9%2585%25E2%2580%258C%25D8%25A7%25D9%2581%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25A2%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF_%25D9%2588_%25D9%2585%25D8%25AA%25D9%2586%25E2%2580%258C%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2" title="نرمافزار آزاد و متنباز – פרסית" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نرمافزار آزاد و متنباز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="פרסית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free/Libre_Open_Source_Software" title="Free/Libre Open Source Software – צרפתית" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Free/Libre Open Source Software" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="צרפתית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2583%25E0%25A4%25B6%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%2594%25E0%25A4%25B0_%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25A4_%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%2589%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="निःशुल्क और मुक्तस्रोत सॉफ्टवेयर – הינדי" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निःशुल्क और मुक्तस्रोत सॉफ्टवेयर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="הינדי" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perangkat_lunak_bebas_dan_sumber_terbuka" title="Perangkat lunak bebas dan sumber terbuka – אינדונזית" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perangkat lunak bebas dan sumber terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="אינדונזית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programaro_di_Libera_e_Publika_Fonto" title="Programaro di Libera e Publika Fonto – אידו" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Programaro di Libera e Publika Fonto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="אידו" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frj%25C3%25A1ls_og_opinn_hugb%25C3%25BAna%25C3%25B0ur" title="Frjáls og opinn hugbúnaður – איסלנדית" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frjáls og opinn hugbúnaður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="איסלנדית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_Open_Source_Software" title="Free and Open Source Software – איטלקית" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Free and Open Source Software" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="איטלקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLOSS" title="FLOSS – יפנית" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="FLOSS" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="יפנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2592%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%25A7%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%2590_%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2590_%25E1%2583%25A6%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590_%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25AC%25E1%2583%25A7%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2597" title="პროგრამული უზრუნველყოფა თავისუფალი და ღია საწყისი კოდით – גאורגית" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პროგრამული უზრუნველყოფა თავისუფალი და ღია საწყისი კოდით" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="גאורגית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biypul_h%25C3%25A1m_ash%25C4%25B1q_kodl%25C4%25B1_programmal%25C4%25B1q_t%25C3%25A1miynat" title="Biypul hám ashıq kodlı programmalıq támiynat – קרקלפקית" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Biypul hám ashıq kodlı programmalıq támiynat" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="קרקלפקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2589%25E0%25B2%259A%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25A4_%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B3%2581_%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B3%2581%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25A4-%25E0%25B2%2586%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%25B0_%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B2%2582%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%2582%25E0%25B2%25B6" title="ಉಚಿತ ಮತ್ತು ಮುಕ್ತ-ಆಕರ ತಂತ್ರಾಂಶ – קנאדה" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉಚಿತ ಮತ್ತು ಮುಕ್ತ-ಆಕರ ತಂತ್ರಾಂಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="קנאדה" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%259E%2590%25EC%259C%25A0-%25EC%2598%25A4%25ED%2594%2588_%25EC%2586%258C%25EC%258A%25A4_%25EC%2586%258C%25ED%2594%2584%25ED%258A%25B8%25EC%259B%25A8%25EC%2596%25B4" title="자유-오픈 소스 소프트웨어 – קוריאנית" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자유-오픈 소스 소프트웨어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="קוריאנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B0%25D1%2587%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA_%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Эркин жана ачык булак программалар – קירגיזית" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эркин жана ачык булак программалар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="קירגיזית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580_%25D1%2581%25D0%25BE_%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4" title="Софтвер со слободен и отворен код – מקדונית" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Софтвер со слободен и отворен код" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="מקדונית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D1%258D%25D1%258D%25D0%25BB%25D1%2582%25D1%2582%25D1%258D%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0_%25D1%2587%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BB%25D3%25A9%25D3%25A9%25D1%2582_%25D1%258D%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC_%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B6" title="Нээлттэй ба чөлөөт эхийн програм хангамж – מונגולית" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нээлттэй ба чөлөөт эхийн програм хангамж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="מונגולית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perisian_bebas_dan_sumber_terbuka" title="Perisian bebas dan sumber terbuka – מלאית" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perisian bebas dan sumber terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="מלאית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0_%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25A5%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25A4_%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="स्वतन्त्र तथा खुला स्रोत सफ्टवेयर – נפאלית" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="स्वतन्त्र तथा खुला स्रोत सफ्टवेयर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="נפאלית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrije_software_en_opensourcesoftware" title="Vrije software en opensourcesoftware – הולנדית" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vrije software en opensourcesoftware" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="הולנדית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri_og_%25C3%25A5pen_kildekode" title="Fri og åpen kildekode – נורווגית ספרותית" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fri og åpen kildekode" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="נורווגית ספרותית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolne_i_otwarte_oprogramowanie" title="Wolne i otwarte oprogramowanie – פולנית" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wolne i otwarte oprogramowanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="פולנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_livre_e_de_c%25C3%25B3digo_aberto" title="Software livre e de código aberto – פורטוגזית" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Software livre e de código aberto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="פורטוגזית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_liber_cu_surs%25C4%2583_deschis%25C4%2583" title="Program liber cu sursă deschisă – רומנית" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Program liber cu sursă deschisă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="רומנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5" title="Свободное и открытое программное обеспечение – רוסית" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Свободное и открытое программное обеспечение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="רוסית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25AF%25E0%25B7%2584%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%258A_%25E0%25B7%2584%25E0%25B7%258F_%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%2598%25E0%25B6%25AD_%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2596%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B7%2581%25E0%25B7%258A%25E2%2580%258D%25E0%25B6%25BB_%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2598%25E0%25B6%25AF%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B6%2582%25E0%25B6%259C" title="නිදහස් හා විවෘත මූලාශ්ර මෘදුකාංග – סינהלה" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නිදහස් හා විවෘත මූලාශ්ර මෘදුකාංග" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="סינהלה" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software – אנגלית פשוטה" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Free and open-source software" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="אנגלית פשוטה" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_Open_Source_Software" title="Free and Open Source Software – סלובקית" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Free and Open Source Software" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="סלובקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOSS" title="FOSS – סלובנית" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="FOSS" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="סלובנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floss" title="Floss – אלבנית" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Floss" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="אלבנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580_%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3_%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3_%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0" title="Софтвер слободног и отвореног кода – סרבית" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Софтвер слободног и отвореног кода" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="סרבית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOSS" title="FOSS – שוודית" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="FOSS" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="שוודית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%259F%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%259E%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B8%25AA" title="ซอฟต์แวร์เสรีและโอเพนซอร์ส – תאית" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซอฟต์แวร์เสรีและโอเพนซอร์ส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="תאית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2596zg%25C3%25BCr_ve_a%25C3%25A7%25C4%25B1k_kaynak_kodlu_yaz%25C4%25B1l%25C4%25B1m" title="Özgür ve açık kaynak kodlu yazılım – טורקית" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Özgür ve açık kaynak kodlu yazılım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="טורקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D1%2596%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B2%25D1%2596%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BD%25D1%258F" title="Вільне та відкрите програмне забезпечення – אוקראינית" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вільне та відкрите програмне забезпечення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="אוקראינית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D9%2581%25D8%25AA_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25A2%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF-%25D9%2585%25D8%25B5%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25D9%2581%25D9%25B9_%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D8%25A6%25D8%25B1" title="مفت اور آزاد-مصدر سافٹ ویئر – אורדו" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مفت اور آزاد-مصدر سافٹ ویئر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="אורדו" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erkin_va_ochiq_kodli_dastur" title="Erkin va ochiq kodli dastur – אוזבקית" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Erkin va ochiq kodli dastur" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="אוזבקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%25E1%25BA%25A7n_m%25E1%25BB%2581m_t%25E1%25BB%25B1_do_ngu%25E1%25BB%2593n_m%25E1%25BB%259F" title="Phần mềm tự do nguồn mở – וייטנאמית" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phần mềm tự do nguồn mở" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="וייטנאמית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2587%25AA%25E7%2594%25B1%25E5%258F%258A%25E5%25BC%2580%25E6%2594%25BE%25E6%25BA%2590%25E4%25BB%25A3%25E7%25A0%2581%25E8%25BD%25AF%25E4%25BB%25B6" title="自由及开放源代码软件 – סינית" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="自由及开放源代码软件" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="סינית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2587%25AA%25E7%2594%25B1%25E9%2596%258B%25E6%25BA%2590%25E8%25BB%259F%25E4%25BB%25B6" title="自由開源軟件 – קנטונזית" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="自由開源軟件" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="קנטונזית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img 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