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class="mw-page-title-main">1887 Yellow River flood</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inundacions_de_la_Xina_de_1887" title="Inundacions de la Xina de 1887 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Inundacions de la Xina de 1887" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flutkatastrophe_am_Gelben_Fluss_1887" title="Flutkatastrophe am Gelben Fluss 1887 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Flutkatastrophe am Gelben Fluss 1887" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%AF_(%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B8%DB%B7)" title="طغیان رودخانه زرد (۱۸۸۷) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طغیان رودخانه زرد (۱۸۸۷)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inondations_de_1887_en_Chine" title="Inondations de 1887 en Chine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Inondations de 1887 en Chine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1887%EB%85%84_%ED%99%A9%ED%95%98_%ED%99%8D%EC%88%98" title="1887년 황하 홍수 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1887년 황하 홍수" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvione_del_Fiume_Giallo_del_1887" title="Alluvione del Fiume Giallo del 1887 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alluvione del Fiume Giallo del 1887" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%94%D7%95%D7%91_(1887)" title="השיטפון בנהר הצהוב (1887) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השיטפון בנהר הצהוב (1887)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umwuzure_w%27umugezi_w%27Umuhondo_mu_wa_1887" title="Umwuzure w'umugezi w'Umuhondo mu wa 1887 – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umwuzure w'umugezi w'Umuhondo mu wa 1887" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overstroming_van_de_Gele_Rivier_(1887)" title="Overstroming van de Gele Rivier (1887) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Overstroming van de Gele Rivier (1887)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1887%E5%B9%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4" title="1887年黄河洪水 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1887年黄河洪水" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oversv%C3%B8mmelsen_av_Guleelven_i_1887" title="Oversvømmelsen av Guleelven i 1887 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oversvømmelsen av Guleelven i 1887" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1887-yil_Sariq_daryo_suv_toshqini" title="1887-yil Sariq daryo suv toshqini – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1887-yil Sariq daryo suv toshqini" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D1%8D_1887_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Наводнение на Хуанхэ 1887 года – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Наводнение на Хуанхэ 1887 года" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1887_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="1887 دریائے زرد کا سیلاب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1887 دریائے زرد کا سیلاب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%A9_l%E1%BB%A5t_s%C3%B4ng_Ho%C3%A0ng_H%C3%A0_n%C4%83m_1887" title="Lũ lụt sông Hoàng Hà năm 1887 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lũ lụt sông Hoàng Hà năm 1887" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1887%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AA%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E7%81%BE" title="1887年个黄河大水灾 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" 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role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the human-induced flood, see <a href="/wiki/1938_Yellow_River_flood" title="1938 Yellow River flood">1938 Yellow River flood</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Flood of the Yellow River in China</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>The <b>1887 Yellow River flood</b> in <a href="/wiki/Qing_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Qing China">Qing China</a> began in September 1887 and killed at least 930,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-Tang_&_Li_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tang_&_Li-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gunn2007_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunn2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the single deadliest flood in China, making it one of the largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_China_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in China by death toll">disasters in China by death toll</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1887_Yellow_River_flood&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For many centuries, farmers living near the Yellow River in China had built <a href="/wiki/Dike_(construction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dike (construction)">dikes</a> to contain the rivers which flowed higher over time because they had to deposit their silt on the riverbed. In 1887, this rising river, swollen by days of heavy rain, overcame the dikes on around 28 September, causing a massive flood. Since there is no international unit to measure a flood's strength it is usually classified by the extent of the damage done, depth of the water, and the number of casualties. </p><p>The water of the Yellow River are generally thought to have broken through the dikes in <a href="/wiki/Huayuankou,_Henan" title="Huayuankou, Henan">Huayuankou</a>, near the city of <a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou">Zhengzhou</a> in <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a> province. Owing to the low-lying plains near the area, the flood spread very quickly throughout Northern <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, covering an estimated 50,000 square miles (130,000 km<sup>2</sup>), swamping agricultural settlements and commercial centers. After the flood, two million were left <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homeless</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunn2007_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunn2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resulting <a href="/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic">pandemic</a> and lack of basic essentials claimed as many lives as those lost directly to the flood. It was one of the worst floods in history, though the later <a href="/wiki/1931_China_floods" title="1931 China floods">1931 Yangtze-Huai River flood</a> may have killed as many as four million.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highest estimated death toll is 2,000,000. The lowest estimated death toll was 900,000<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1887_Yellow_River_flood&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_China_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in China by death toll">List of disasters in China by death toll</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_floods_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of floods in China">List of floods in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters_by_death_toll" title="List of natural disasters by death toll">List of natural disasters by death toll</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1887_Yellow_River_flood&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Tang_&_Li-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tang_&_Li_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREF汤其成李秀云1995" class="citation book cs1">汤其成; 李秀云 (1995). "水圈中的自然灾害" [Natural disaster in the Hydrosphere]. In 王劲峰 (ed.). <i>中国自然灾害区划——灾害区划、影响评价、减灾对策</i>. Beijing: 中国科学技术出版社. p. 41.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E6%B0%B4%E5%9C%88%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E3%80%81%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D%E8%AF%84%E4%BB%B7%E3%80%81%E5%87%8F%E7%81%BE%E5%AF%B9%E7%AD%96&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=1995&rft.au=%E6%B1%A4%E5%85%B6%E6%88%90&rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E7%A7%80%E4%BA%91&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1887+Yellow+River+flood" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunn2007-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gunn2007_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gunn2007_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4YzF-DT__aIC&pg=PA141">Encyclopedia of Disasters: Environmental Catastrophes and Human Tragedies</a>, Angus M. Gunn, 2007, chapter 35: 'Yellow River China flood 1887', pp. 141–144 (this source quotes the figure of 900,500, and 2 million homeless, though some sources give other figures)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrimble2007" class="citation book cs1">Trimble, Stanley Wayne (2007). <i>Encyclopedia of Water Science</i>. CRC Press. p. 383. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-9627-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-9627-4"><bdi>978-0-8493-9627-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Water+Science&rft.pages=383&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8493-9627-4&rft.aulast=Trimble&rft.aufirst=Stanley+Wayne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1887+Yellow+River+flood" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://listverse.com/2007/09/07/top-10-deadliest-natural-disasters/">"Top 10 Deadliest Natural Disasters"</a>. 7 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+10+Deadliest+Natural+Disasters&rft.date=2007-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flistverse.com%2F2007%2F09%2F07%2Ftop-10-deadliest-natural-disasters%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1887+Yellow+River+flood" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1887_Yellow_River_flood&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/flood/deluge.html">Dealing with the Deluge</a>, Flood! 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