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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Satelliet" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Satelliet" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Satelliet" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Inleiding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inleiding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Inleiding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inleiding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontwikkeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontwikkeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ontwikkeling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontwikkeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geskiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Geskiedenis subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vroeë_voorstellings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vroeë_voorstellings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Vroeë voorstellings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vroeë_voorstellings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kunsmatige_satelliete" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kunsmatige_satelliete"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Kunsmatige satelliete</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kunsmatige_satelliete-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nie-militêre_satellietdienste" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nie-militêre_satellietdienste"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nie-militêre satellietdienste</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Nie-militêre_satellietdienste-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Nie-militêre satellietdienste subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Nie-militêre_satellietdienste-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vaste_satellietdienste" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaste_satellietdienste"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Vaste satellietdienste</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaste_satellietdienste-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mobiele_satellietdienste" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mobiele_satellietdienste"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Mobiele satellietdienste</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mobiele_satellietdienste-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navorsingsatelliete" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navorsingsatelliete"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Navorsingsatelliete</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navorsingsatelliete-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satelliettipes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satelliettipes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Satelliettipes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satelliettipes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wentelbane" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wentelbane"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Wentelbane</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Wentelbane-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Wentelbane subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Wentelbane-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sentriese_klassifiserings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sentriese_klassifiserings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Sentriese klassifiserings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sentriese_klassifiserings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hoogteklassifiserings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoogteklassifiserings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Hoogteklassifiserings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoogteklassifiserings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Helling_klassifiserings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helling_klassifiserings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Helling klassifiserings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helling_klassifiserings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spesiale_klasifiserings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spesiale_klasifiserings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Spesiale klasifiserings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spesiale_klasifiserings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellietsubstelsels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellietsubstelsels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Satellietsubstelsels</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Satellietsubstelsels-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Satellietsubstelsels subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Satellietsubstelsels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ADCS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ADCS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>ADCS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ADCS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drywingsbeheerstelsel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drywingsbeheerstelsel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Drywingsbeheerstelsel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drywingsbeheerstelsel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kommunikasieloonvrag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kommunikasieloonvrag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Kommunikasieloonvrag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kommunikasieloonvrag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Missiespesifieke_loonvrag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Missiespesifieke_loonvrag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Missiespesifieke loonvrag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Missiespesifieke_loonvrag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hoe_bly_satelliete_in_die_lug?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoe_bly_satelliete_in_die_lug?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Hoe bly satelliete in die lug?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoe_bly_satelliete_in_die_lug?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Einde_van_leeftyd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Einde_van_leeftyd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Einde van leeftyd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Einde_van_leeftyd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lande_met_lanseervermoë" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lande_met_lanseervermoë"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Lande met lanseervermoë</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lande_met_lanseervermoë-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Lande met lanseervermoë subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lande_met_lanseervermoë-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mislukte_eerste_lanserings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mislukte_eerste_lanserings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Mislukte eerste lanserings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mislukte_eerste_lanserings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lande_se_eerste_satelliete" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lande_se_eerste_satelliete"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Lande se eerste satelliete</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lande_se_eerste_satelliete-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aanvalle_op_satelliete" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aanvalle_op_satelliete"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Aanvalle op satelliete</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aanvalle_op_satelliete-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dienste_deur_satelliete_gelewer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dienste_deur_satelliete_gelewer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Dienste deur satelliete gelewer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dienste_deur_satelliete_gelewer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Verwysing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronnelys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronnelys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Bronnelys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronnelys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgawe" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Satelliet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 130 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-130" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">130 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D2%A9%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Иԥсабаратәым амҩаныза – Abkasies" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Иԥсабаратәым амҩаныза" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkasies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelite_artificial" title="Satelite artificial – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Satelite artificial" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9_(%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4)" title="उपग्रह (मानवनिर्मित) – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="उपग्रह (मानवनिर्मित)" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A" title="قمر اصطناعي – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قمر اصطناعي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="صاطليت – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="صاطليت" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="কৃত্ৰিম উপগ্ৰহ – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কৃত্ৰিম উপগ্ৰহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lite_artificial" title="Satélite artificial – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Satélite artificial" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCni_peyk" title="Süni peyk – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Süni peyk" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%88" title="قوشما اویدو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قوشما اویدو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Штучны спадарожнік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Штучны спадарожнік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Изкуствен спътник – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Изкуствен спътник" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="उपग्रह – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="उपग्रह" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="কৃত্রিম উপগ্রহ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কৃত্রিম উপগ্রহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loarell" title="Loarell – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Loarell" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vje%C5%A1ta%C4%8Dki_satelit" title="Vještački satelit – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vještački satelit" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A8l%C2%B7lit_artificial" title="Satèl·lit artificial – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Satèl·lit artificial" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="مانگی دەستکرد – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مانگی دەستکرد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Um%C4%9Bl%C3%A1_dru%C5%BEice" title="Umělá družice – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Umělá družice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloeren" title="Lloeren – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lloeren" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellit" title="Satellit – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Satellit" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellit_(Raumfahrt)" title="Satellit (Raumfahrt) – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Satellit (Raumfahrt)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%AC%DE%93%DE%AC%DE%8D%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%93%DE%B0" title="ސެޓެލައިޓް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސެޓެލައިޓް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%85%CF%86%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Τεχνητός δορυφόρος – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τεχνητός δορυφόρος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Satellite" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artefarita_satelito" title="Artefarita satelito – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Artefarita satelito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lite_artificial" title="Satélite artificial – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Satélite artificial" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehiskaaslane" title="Tehiskaaslane – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tehiskaaslane" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelite_artifizial" title="Satelite artifizial – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Satelite artifizial" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="ماهواره – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماهواره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelliitti" title="Satelliitti – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Satelliitti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fylgisveinur" title="Fylgisveinur – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Fylgisveinur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_artificiel" title="Satellite artificiel – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Satellite artificiel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellit" title="Satellit – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Satellit" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit – Friuliaans" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Satelit" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellyt" title="Satellyt – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Satellyt" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satail%C3%ADt_(sp%C3%A1s%C3%A1rthach)" title="Satailít (spásárthach) – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Satailít (spásárthach)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="衛星 – Gan-Sjinees" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="衛星" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lit_artifisy%C3%A8l" title="Satélit artifisyèl – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Satélit artifisyèl" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saideal_fuadain" title="Saideal fuadain – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Saideal fuadain" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lite_artificial" title="Satélite artificial – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Satélite artificial" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%89%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="ઉપગ્રહ પ્રક્ષેપણ યાન – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઉપગ્રહ પ્રક્ષેપણ યાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruinlag" title="Cruinlag – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cruinlag" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauraron_dan_adam" title="Tauraron dan adam – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tauraron dan adam" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F" title="לוויין – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לוויין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="उपग्रह – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उपग्रह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetni_satelit" title="Umjetni satelit – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Umjetni satelit" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%B1hold" title="Műhold – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Műhold" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Արբանեակներ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Արբանեակներ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Satelit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificala_satelito" title="Artificala satelito – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Artificala satelito" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gervitungl" title="Gervitungl – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gervitungl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_artificiale" title="Satellite artificiale – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Satellite artificiale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="人工衛星 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="人工衛星" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satilait" title="Satilait – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Satilait" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Жасанды серік – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жасанды серік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%83%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9" title="ಕೃತಕ ಉಪಗ್ರಹ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕೃತಕ ಉಪಗ್ರಹ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B3%B5%EC%9C%84%EC%84%B1" title="인공위성 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인공위성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8E%D8%A8%D9%95%D9%86%D8%A0_%D8%AF%D8%A0%DB%81_%D8%AC%DB%81%D8%B2%D9%95" title="نَبٕنؠ دؠہ جہزٕ – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="نَبٕنؠ دؠہ جہزٕ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyk_(teknoloj%C3%AE)" title="Peyk (teknolojî) – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Peyk (teknolojî)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelles_artificialis" title="Satelles artificialis – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Satelles artificialis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellit_(Raumfaart)" title="Satellit (Raumfaart) – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Satellit (Raumfaart)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3nsmaon" title="Kónsmaon – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kónsmaon" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirbtinis_palydovas" title="Dirbtinis palydovas – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dirbtinis palydovas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ksl%C4%ABgais_pavadonis" title="Mākslīgais pavadonis – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mākslīgais pavadonis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="उपग्रह – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="उपग्रह" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanabolana" title="Zanabolana – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zanabolana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80miorangi" title="Āmiorangi – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Āmiorangi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit – Minangkabaus" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Satelit" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Вештачки сателит – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вештачки сателит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="കൃത്രിമോപഗ്രഹം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൃത്രിമോപഗ്രഹം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Хиймэл дагуул – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хиймэл дагуул" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="उपग्रह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उपग्रह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Satelit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lite_arteficial" title="Satélite arteficial – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Satélite arteficial" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF" title="ဂြိုဟ်တု – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂြိုဟ်တု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellit_(Ruumfohrt)" title="Satellit (Ruumfohrt) – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Satellit (Ruumfohrt)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="उपग्रह – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="उपग्रह" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstmaan" title="Kunstmaan – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kunstmaan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitt" title="Satellitt – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Satellitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstig_satellitt" title="Kunstig satellitt – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kunstig satellitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelite" title="Satelite – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Satelite" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellit_artificial" title="Satellit artificial – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Satellit artificial" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmaartuu" title="Marmaartuu – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Marmaartuu" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B9" title="ଉପଗ୍ରହ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉପଗ୍ରହ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF" title="ਉਪਗ੍ਰਹਿ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉਪਗ੍ਰਹਿ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelite" title="Satelite – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Satelite" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztuczny_satelita" title="Sztuczny satelita – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sztuczny satelita" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81" title="مصنوعی سیارہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مصنوعی سیارہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%96%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%8D" title="سپوږمکۍ – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سپوږمکۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lite_artificial" title="Satélite artificial – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Satélite artificial" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antakilla" title="Antakilla – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antakilla" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelit_artificial" title="Satelit artificial – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Satelit artificial" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Искусственный спутник – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Искусственный спутник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Штучный сателит – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Штучный сателит" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A8lliti_artificiali" title="Satèlliti artificiali – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Satèlliti artificiali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Satellite" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="مصنوعي سيارو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مصنوعي سيارو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetni_satelit" title="Umjetni satelit – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Umjetni satelit" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_(artificial)" title="Satellite (artificial) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Satellite (artificial)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umel%C3%A1_dru%C5%BEica" title="Umelá družica – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Umelá družica" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Satelit" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayax_gacmeed" title="Dayax gacmeed – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dayax gacmeed" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sateliti_artificial" title="Sateliti artificial – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sateliti artificial" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Вештачки сателит – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вештачки сателит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Satelit" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellit" title="Satellit – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Satellit" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelaiti" title="Satelaiti – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Satelaiti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/ya_nisangaan_nu_tademaway_sipunuay_sakaytinengan_a_bunac" title="ya nisangaan nu tademaway sipunuay sakaytinengan a bunac – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="ya nisangaan nu tademaway sipunuay sakaytinengan a bunac" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="செயற்கைக்கோள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செயற்கைக்கோள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%83%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%8A" title="ಕೃತಕ ಉಪಗ್ರಹೊ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕೃತಕ ಉಪಗ್ರಹೊ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE_%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="కృత్రిమ ఉపగ్రహము – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కృత్రిమ ఉపగ్రహము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Моҳвора – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Моҳвора" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ดาวเทียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาวเทียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelayt" title="Satelayt – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Satelayt" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yapay_uydu" title="Yapay uydu – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yapay uydu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%88%D9%86%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%8A_%DA%BE%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%BE" title="سۈنئىي ھەمراھ – Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سۈنئىي ھەمراھ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Штучний супутник – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Штучний супутник" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86%DB%81" title="مصنوعی سیارچہ – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مصنوعی سیارچہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%CA%BCiy_yo%CA%BBldosh" title="Sunʼiy yoʻldosh – Oesbekies" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sunʼiy yoʻldosh" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oesbekies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A8%C5%82ite_artifisa%C5%82e" title="Satèłite artifisałe – Venesiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Satèłite artifisałe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%87_tinh" title="Vệ tinh – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vệ tinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelayt" title="Satelayt – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Satelayt" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="人造卫星 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="人造卫星" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Һазрин кегдемл дахуль – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Һазрин кегдемл дахуль" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94" title="ხელუანური ალმაშარე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ხელუანური ალმაშარე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98" title="סאטעליט – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאטעליט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="人造衛星 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="人造衛星" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%AEn-ch%C5%8D_%C5%8De-chhe%E2%81%BF" title="Jîn-chō ōe-chheⁿ – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Jîn-chō ōe-chheⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" title="人造衞星 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="人造衞星" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isivoko" title="Isivoko – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isivoko" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26540#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Satelliet" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Satelliet" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Satelliet"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Satelliet"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Satelliet" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Satelliet" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&oldid=2695065" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Satelliet&id=2695065&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSatelliet"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSatelliet"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Satelliet"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Satelliet&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Satellites" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26540" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><i>Hierdie artikel beskryf kunsmatige satelliete. Vir natuurlike satelliete, meestal bekend as 'n voorwerp se maan, verwys na <a href="/wiki/Natuurlike_satelliet" title="Natuurlike satelliet">Natuurlike satelliet</a>.</i></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Navstar-2F.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Navstar-2F.jpg/220px-Navstar-2F.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Navstar-2F.jpg/330px-Navstar-2F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Navstar-2F.jpg/440px-Navstar-2F.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1644" /></a><figcaption>NAVSTAR – <i>Global Positioning System</i>-satelliet van die tweede generasie</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Sputnik_asm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Sputnik_asm.jpg/220px-Sputnik_asm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Sputnik_asm.jpg/330px-Sputnik_asm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Sputnik_asm.jpg/440px-Sputnik_asm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1094" data-file-height="896" /></a><figcaption>’n Replika van Spoetnik 1.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Laika_ac_Sputnik_2_Replica_(6995685051).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Laika_ac_Sputnik_2_Replica_%286995685051%29.jpg/120px-Laika_ac_Sputnik_2_Replica_%286995685051%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Laika_ac_Sputnik_2_Replica_%286995685051%29.jpg/180px-Laika_ac_Sputnik_2_Replica_%286995685051%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Laika_ac_Sputnik_2_Replica_%286995685051%29.jpg/240px-Laika_ac_Sputnik_2_Replica_%286995685051%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>’n Replika van Spoetnik 2.</figcaption></figure> <p>Die term <b>satelliet</b> (afgelei van <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latyn</a> <i>satelles</i>, "lyfwagter") verwys in die <a href="/wiki/Ruimtevaart" title="Ruimtevaart">ruimtevaart</a> na 'n mensgemaakte voorwerp wat vir wetenskaplike, <a href="/wiki/Ruimte-ekonomie" title="Ruimte-ekonomie">kommersiële</a> of militêre doeleindes in 'n elliptiese of ronde <a href="/wiki/Wentelbaan" title="Wentelbaan">wentelbaan</a> om 'n ander voorwerp soos byvoorbeeld die aarde of die <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">maan</a> geplaas word. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gravitasie" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitasie">Gravitasie</a> trek die satelliet nader aan die primêre voorwerp, maar die satelliet beweeg in 'n ander rigting sodat die satelliet heeltyd die primêre voorwerp vermy. Die woord word oor die algemeen gebruik om 'n <b>kunsmatige satelliet</b> te beskryf (in teenstelling met <a href="/wiki/Natuurlike_satelliet" title="Natuurlike satelliet">natuurlike satelliete</a>). Alle voorwerpe wat deel vorm van die <a href="/wiki/Sonnestelsel" title="Sonnestelsel">sonnestelsel</a>, insluitend die <a href="/wiki/Aarde" title="Aarde">aarde</a>, is natuurlike satelliete van die <a href="/wiki/Son" title="Son">son</a>, of satelliete van daardie voorwerpe, soos byvoorbeeld die <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">maan</a>, en word in 'n aparte artikel behandel. </p><p>Die wêreld se eerste kunsmatige satelliet, <a href="/wiki/Spoetnik_1" title="Spoetnik 1">Spoetnik 1</a> is in 1957 deur die <a href="/wiki/Sowjetunie" title="Sowjetunie">Sowjetunie</a> gelanseer. Sedertdien is duisende satelliete in wentelbane om die aarde geplaas. Sekere satelliete, soos groot ruimtestasies, is al gelanseer in dele en dan herbou in die ruimte. Kunsmatige satelliete is al ontwikkel deur meer as 40 lande en 10 lande is tans in staat om satelliete te lanseer. Omtrent 'n duisend van die satelliete wat tans om die aarde wentel, is steeds operasioneel terwyl duisende nie-operasionele satelliete en afgebreekte stukke om die aarde wentel as <a href="/wiki/Ruimterommel" title="Ruimterommel">ruimterommel</a>. Daar is al ook satelliete om ander hemelliggame geplaas, soos byvoorbeeld die <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">Maan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercurius" title="Mercurius">Mercurius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturnus" title="Saturnus">Saturnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/433_Eros" title="433 Eros">Eros</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwergplaneet)" title="Ceres (dwergplaneet)">Ceres</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en die <a href="/wiki/Son" title="Son">Son</a>. </p><p>Omtrent 6600 satelliete is al gelanseer. Daar is onlangs geskat dat omtrent 3600 steeds wentel<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> terwyl net 1000 van daardie satelliete steeds operasioneel is.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inleiding">Inleiding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Inleiding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Inleiding"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dieselfde wette wat vir die beweging van byvoorbeeld die maan om die aarde geld, geld ook vir die beweging van 'n satelliet. Wanneer 'n satelliet in 'n min of meer sirkelvormige baan om die aarde beweeg, is die <a href="/wiki/Middelpuntvliedende_krag" title="Middelpuntvliedende krag">middelpuntvliedende krag</a> as gevolg van die beweging in ewewig met die aarde se swaartekrag. Satelliete word gewoonlik eers in 'n elliptiese baan geplaas en dan, indien nodig, in 'n sirkelvormige baan gebring. </p><p>Die punt in die baan wat die verste van die aarde af is, heet die <a href="/wiki/Apogeum" class="mw-redirect" title="Apogeum">apogeum</a> en die naaste punt die <a href="/wiki/Perigeum" class="mw-redirect" title="Perigeum">perigeum</a>. Die hoek wat die baanvlak met die ewenaarvlak maak, staan bekend as die <a href="/wiki/Baanhelling" title="Baanhelling">inklinasie</a> en dit bepaal oor watter geografiese breedtegraad die satelliet wentel. Namate die satelliet verder van die aarde af is, neem dit langer om ’n omwenteling te voltooi en op ’n hoogte van 36 000 km is die omlooptyd ongeveer 24 uur. </p><p>Aangesien die <a href="/wiki/Aarde" title="Aarde">aarde</a> binne 24 uur om sy eie as wentel, kan die satelliet nou relatief tot 'n bepaalde punt op aarde saam met hierdie punt sy wenteling uitvoer en dus stasionêr raak ten opsigte van die aardposisie (<a href="/wiki/Geostasion%C3%AAre_wentelbaan" title="Geostasionêre wentelbaan">geostasionêre wentelbaan</a>). 'n Satelliet wat ’n aantal omwentelings in 24 uur voltooi en op sekere tye presies weer op dieselfde plek is, volg ’n geosinchrone baan en staan bekend as 'n <a href="/wiki/Geostasion%C3%AAre_satelliet" class="mw-redirect" title="Geostasionêre satelliet">geostasionêre satelliet</a>. 'n Satelliet se wentelbaan is nie presies <a href="/wiki/Ellips" title="Ellips">ellips</a>- of sirkelvormig nie aangesien die hemelliggaam (die aarde) waaromheen dit wentel, nie 'n reëlmatige vorm het nie. </p><p>Die wentelbaan word ook beïnvloed deur ander hemelliggame, die stralingsdruk van die son (<a href="/wiki/Sonwind" title="Sonwind">sonwind</a>) en die dampkring om die aarde. Die dampkring veroorsaak deur die wrywing wat dit bied, dat ’n satelliet geleidelik nader aan die aarde beweeg totdat dit uiteindelik daarop neerstort. Vanuit 'n hoogte van 100 km sal 'n satelliet byvoorbeeld na 10 uur neerstort, vanuit 300 km ongeveer na 15 dae, vanuit 450 km na 1 jaar en vanuit 650 km na 125 jaar. </p><p>By 'n snelheid van 11,2 km/s (40 320 km/ h) gaan 'n satelliet se elliptiese baan oor in 'n paraboliese baan en dit beland in 'n baan om die <a href="/wiki/Son" title="Son">son</a>. Teen 'n snelheid van 46 km/ s (165 600 km/h) sal 'n satelliet die sonnestelsel verlaat. Die tuig moet dan eerder 'n ruimtetuig as 'n satelliet genoem word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ontwikkeling">Ontwikkeling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Ontwikkeling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ontwikkeling"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> het die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">VSA</a> ’n satellietprogram aangekondig wat waarskynlik meer op militêre as wetenskaplike gebruik gerig was. In <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a> is daar besluit om 'n Internasionale Geofisiese Jaar (IGJ) vir die periode 1957–1959 in te stel. In <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a> het president <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight Eisenhower</a> aangekondig dat ’n vuurpyl, die Vanguard, gebruik sou word om 'n wetenskaplike satelliet te lanseer. Die Sowjetunie het die VSA egter voorgespring en op <a href="/wiki/4_Oktober" title="4 Oktober">4 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> is die bolvormige Spoetnik 1 gelanseer. </p><p>Dit het 'n deursnee van 58 cm gehad en 83 kg geweeg. Na 92 dae het dit in die dampkring uitgebrand. <a href="/wiki/Spoetnik_1" title="Spoetnik 1">Spoetnik 1</a> is opgevolg deur <a href="/wiki/Spoetnik_2" title="Spoetnik 2">Spoetnik 2</a>, met die hond <a href="/wiki/Laika" title="Laika">Laika</a> aan boord. Die satelliet het 508 kg geweeg. Die eerste Amerikaanse satelliet, <a href="/wiki/Explorer_1" title="Explorer 1">Explorer 1</a>, is in <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> in 'n wentelbaan geplaas. Dit het slegs 14 kg geweeg, maar was toegerus met instrumente wat tot die ontdekking van die bekende <a href="/wiki/Van_Allen-gordel" title="Van Allen-gordel">Van Allen-gordel</a> gelei het. </p><p>Al hoe meer satelliete is daarna gelanseer (tot 100 per jaar), waaraan ander lande ook begin deelneem het, waaronder <a href="/wiki/Engeland" title="Engeland">Engeland</a> (<a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> (1962), <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a> (<a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>), <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frankryk</a> (<a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a>)<a href="/wiki/Australi%C3%AB" title="Australië">, Australië</a> <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">(1967</a>), <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> (<a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a>), die <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">Volksrepubliek China</a> (<a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederland</a> (<a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a>) en <a href="/wiki/Indi%C3%AB" title="Indië">Indië</a> (<a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a>). Teenswoordig wentel duisende satelliete en dele van ruimtetuie om die aarde en daar word soms tereg daarna verwys as ruimteafval of ruimterommel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vroeë_voorstellings"><span id="Vroe.C3.AB_voorstellings"></span>Vroeë voorstellings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Vroeë voorstellings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Vroeë voorstellings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die eerste bekende navorsing oor die moontlikheid van 'n kunsmatige satelliet is deur <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> voorgestel as 'n gedagte-eksperiment in sy <i>A Treatise of the System of the World.</i> </p><p>Die eerste bekende fiktiewe beskrywing van 'n satelliet was in die kortverhaal <i><a href="/wiki/The_Brick_Moon" title="The Brick Moon">The Brick Moon</a>,</i> geskryf deur Edward Everett Hale. Hierdie storie is reeds in 1869 gepubliseer en die konsep van 'n satelliet is weer beskryf in <a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne" title="Jules Verne">Jules Verne</a> se verhaal <i>The Begum's Fortune(1879).</i> </p><p>Die konsep van 'n satelliet is in 1903 amptelik ondersoek deur <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Tsiolkofski" title="Konstantin Tsiolkofski">Konstantin Tsiolkofski</a> in sy artikel <i>Exploring Space Using Jet Propulsion Devices.</i> Hierdie artikel het beskryf hoe 'n vuurpyl wat vloeibare <a href="/wiki/Waterstof" title="Waterstof">waterstof</a> en <a href="/wiki/Suurstof" title="Suurstof">suurstof</a> as brandstof gebruik, gebruik kan word om 'n minimale wentelspoed van 8 km/s te bereik. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a> het Herman Potočnik die boek <i>Die probleem van Ruimtevaart – Die Vuurpylmotor</i> bekend gestel. Die boek het 'n plan beraam om ruimtevaart te vergemaklik en permanente hawens vir mense in die ruimte te bou. Die boek het die wentelbaan van 'n geostasionêre ruimtestasie bepaal sowel as die andere nodige besonderhede vir die stasie. Die boek het verder gegaan deur te beskryf hoe satelliete vir waarnemingsdoeleindes gebruik kan word en die spesiale toestande in die ruimte gebruik kan word vir 'n verskeidenheid wetenskaplike ondersoeke. Daar was ook kort beskrywings van kommunikasie, maar die boek het nie die moderne toepassings van satelliete vir massakommunikasie en uitsending voorspel nie. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Arthur C. Clarke</a> het in 1945 in 'n artikel 'n wye beskrywing van die moontlike gebruike van kommunikasiesatelliete vir grootskaalse kommunikasie gegee. Clarke het uitgebrei oor lanseringsmetodiek, moontlike wentelbane en ander aspekte van die moontlikhede met 'n netwerk van satelliete. Een van sy groot argumente was oor die voordele van wêreldwye dekking, wat hy voorgestel het deur drie geostasionêre satelliete gelewer kan word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kunsmatige_satelliete">Kunsmatige satelliete</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Kunsmatige satelliete" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Kunsmatige satelliete"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die eerste gelanseerde kunsmatige satelliet was <a href="/wiki/Spoetnik_1" title="Spoetnik 1">Spoetnik 1</a>, gelanseer deur die Sowjetunie op 4 Oktober 1957 as deel van die <i>Sowjet Spoetnikprogram</i> waarvan Sergei Korolef die hoofontwerper was. Daar is 'n krater op die duskant van die maan wat in sy eer vernoem is. Hierdie het die intensiteit van die <a href="/wiki/Ruimtewedloop" title="Ruimtewedloop">ruimtewedloop</a> tussen die Sowjetunie en die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State van Amerika</a> verhoog en het 'n sogenaamde <i>Spoetnikkrisis</i> by die laasgenoemde veroorsaak. Hierdie was te danke aan die Amerikaanse bekendstelling dat hulle 'n satelliet in die lente van 1958 sal lanseer. Die Sowjetunie het twee dae na die bekendstelling aangekondig dat hulle 'n satelliet so vroeg soos die herfs van 1957 sal lanseer. </p><p><i>Spoetnik 1</i> het inligting oor die atmosferiese lae se digthede verkry deur sy eie wentelbaanveranderings te meet sowel as om data oor radioseindistribusie in die <a href="/wiki/Ionosfeer" title="Ionosfeer">ionosfeer</a> te verkry. </p><p><i>Spoetnik 2</i> is op 3 November 1957 gelanseer en het die eerste lewende wese in 'n wentelbaan geplaas, 'n <a href="/wiki/Hond" title="Hond">hond</a> genaamd Laika. </p><p>Die Amerikaners het daarna onder geweldige interne druk hul eie satelliet ontwikkel onder twee kompeterende ontwikkelingsprogramme. Alhoewel die eerste poging misluk het, het die Amerikaners wel op <a href="/wiki/31_Januarie" title="31 Januarie">31 Januarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> hul eerste satelliet <i>Explorer 1</i> in 'n wentelbaan geplaas. </p><p>Slegs drie jaar en ses maande na die suksesvolle lansering van <i>Spoetnik</i> het die Amerikaners 115 kunsmatige satelliete aangeteken. Volgens gegewens van die Amerikaanse <a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a> was daar op <a href="/wiki/31_Mei" title="31 Mei">31 Mei</a> <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> altesaam sowat 1 950 mensgemaakte voorwerpe in die ruimte, waarvan 1 889 op 'n ronde wentelbaan om die aarde, 17 in 'n ellips en 38 op 'n wentelbaan rondom die son. Van hierdie voorwerpe was 394 aardsatelliete en ruimtetuie, waarvan 289 deur die Verenigde State, 83 deur die Sowjetunie, vyf deur Frankryk, twee deur die Verenigde Koninkryk en drie deur die <i>European Space Research Organisation</i> gelanseer is. </p><p>In 2006 het die aantal bekende aktiewe satelliete meer as 800 beloop.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daar is ook enkele duisend ander mensgemaakte voorwerpe soos uitgediende satelliete, dele van vuurpyle en ander ruimte-afval in 'n wentelbaan om die aarde – volgens ESA-gegewens het hul aantal in 1996 sowat 8 500 beloop.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die <i>United States Strategic Command</i> se <i>Joint Space Operations Center</i> verwys na 18 500 mensgemaakte voorwerpe wat ons planeet in Februarie <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a> omsirkel het. Ongeag die groot aantal voorwerpe kom botsings nouliks voor. Die eerste bekende botsing van 'n aktiewe satelliet met 'n uitgediende voorwerp het vroeg in 2009 plaasgevind: 'n Russiese <i>Cosmos-2251</i>-satelliet, wat in 1993 gelanseer is en vanaf 1999 buite werking was, het met 'n kommunikasie-satelliet van die Amerikaanse maatskappy <i>Iridium Satellite</i> gebots. Die Amerikaanse satelliet is hiermee ernstig beskadig. </p><p>Die grootste kunsmatige satelliet wat tans om die aarde wentel is die <a href="/wiki/Internasionale_Ruimtestasie" title="Internasionale Ruimtestasie">Internasionale Ruimtestasie</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk">Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Ruimtewaarnemingsnetwerk"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die <i>United States Space Surveillance Network</i> (SSN) verkry data oor alle voorwerpe wat om die aarde wentel. Hierdie netwerk was reeds in 1957 ingestel met die lansering van <i>Spoetnik</i> en het sedertdien reeds meer as 26 000 voorwerpe gemonitor. Daar is tans meer as 8000 mensgemaakte voorwerpe wat steeds gemonitor word. Die ander voorwerpe sou die aarde se atmosfeer weereens binne gedring het en of uitgebrand het of die wrywing oorleef het en die aarde getref het. </p><p>Die SSN moniteer voorwerpe wat groter as 10 cm in deursnee is (dit is belangrik om te stel dat teen 8 km/s het selfs sulke klein voorwerp 'n geweldige hoeveelheid kinetiese energie en kan dus 'n bedreiging vir ander satelliete wees). Slegs omtrent 7% van die voorwerp is operasionele satelliete (rofweg 560 satelliete) terwyl die res <a href="/wiki/Ruimterommel" title="Ruimterommel">ruimterommel</a> is. Die SSN se hoofdoelwit is om die aktiwiteite van werkende satelliete te moniteer, maar hulle hou ook data oor ruimterommel wat andersins verkeerd geïdentifiseer kan word as <a href="/wiki/Missiele" class="mw-redirect" title="Missiele">missiele</a> wanneer dit weer die atmosfeer binnedring. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nie-militêre_satellietdienste"><span id="Nie-milit.C3.AAre_satellietdienste"></span>Nie-militêre satellietdienste</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Nie-militêre satellietdienste" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Nie-militêre satellietdienste"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vaste_satellietdienste">Vaste satellietdienste</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Vaste satellietdienste" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Vaste satellietdienste"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vaste satellietdienste verskaf dataoordrag tussen verskeie lande en selfs kontinente. Dit kan data in die vorm van video, suiwer data of spraakdata insluit en word gedoen deur gebruik te maak van geosinkrone satelliete, soos byvoorbeeld <a href="/wiki/DStv" title="DStv">DStv</a> wat deur Intelsat 20 uitgesaai word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobiele_satellietdienste">Mobiele satellietdienste</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Mobiele satellietdienste" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Mobiele satellietdienste"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mobiele satellietstelsels laat kommunikasie toe tussen geïsoleerde landelike gebiede, <a href="/wiki/Skepe" class="mw-redirect" title="Skepe">skepe</a> ter see, <a href="/wiki/Vliegtuie" class="mw-redirect" title="Vliegtuie">vliegtuie</a> en die res van die wêreld. Hierdie satelliete sal nie geosinkroon wees nie weens die beperkte hoeveelheid plek in daardie wentelbaan en die gebrek aan aanvraag in die gebiede, maar sal wisselvallige dienste lewer. Partykeer kan effektief konstante dekking gelewer word deur van verskeie satelliete gebruik te maak. Die hoofdoel van hierdie dienste is om kommunikasie moontlik te maak en navigasiedata te verskaf. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Navorsingsatelliete">Navorsingsatelliete</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: Navorsingsatelliete" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Navorsingsatelliete"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Navorsingsatelliete kan gebruik word om 'n wye verskeidenheid data te versamel. Hulle kan niekommersieel wees (gewoonlik deur Universiteite befonds) of kommersieel (meestal vir navigasie-inligting). Sulke satelliete, veral niekommersiële satelliete is gewoonlik heelwat kleiner met universiteite wat tans meestal net gebruik maak van <a href="/w/index.php?title=CubeSat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CubeSat (bladsy bestaan nie)">CubeSat</a>-tegnologie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Satelliettipes">Satelliettipes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Satelliettipes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Satelliettipes"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Astronomiese satelliete word gebruik vir die waarneming van planete en ander hemelliggame.</li> <li>Biosatelliete is satellite wat ontwerp is om lewende organismes te kan dra (meestal bakterie). Hierdie word gedoen vir wetenskaplike navorsing.</li> <li>Kommunikasiesatelliete word gebruik om kommunikasie toe te laat deur heruitsending of deur massaseine uit te saai. Meeste kommunikasiesatelliete gebruik geosinkrone of <a href="/wiki/Lae_aardwentelbaan" title="Lae aardwentelbaan">lae aardwentelbane</a>.</li> <li>Waarnemingsatelliete word gebruik vir niemilitêre waarneming, soos byvoorbeeld om die omgewing waar te neem en kaarte te maak.</li> <li>Navigasiesatelliete is satelliete wat gebruikers op die grond toelaat om hul eie posisie te bepaal. Die gebrek aan obstruksies tussen die gebruiker en die satelliet, sowel as die verbetering van tegnologie het daartoe gelei dat die gebruiker sy posisie relatief akkuraat tot binne 'n paar meter kan bepaal.</li> <li>Aanvalsatelliete is satelliete wat ontwerp is om ander satelliete, missiele en ruimte-eiendom te vernietig.</li> <li>Ruimtestasies is groot kunsmatige strukture wat om die aarde wentel en ontwerp is sodat mense daarbinne kan bly. 'n Ruimtestasie word onderskei van 'n ruimtetuig deur dat dit geen grootskaalse aandrywingstelsel het nie.</li> <li>Weersatelliete word gebruik om die aarde se weer- en klimaatpatrone waar te neem.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wentelbane">Wentelbane</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Wysig afdeling: Wentelbane" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Wentelbane"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wentelbane kan op verskeie maniere geklassifiseer word en word gegroepeer soos nodig. Om die nut van verskillende wentelbane te verduidelik, moet 'n paar eienskappe van die wentelbane verduidelik word. Eerstens, die aarde is 'n satelliet van die son. Dis beteken dat teen alle tye is die aarde besig om te beweeg in 'n wentelbaan om die son. Tweedens, die aarde draai om sy eie as. </p><p>Dus as 'n satelliet om die aarde wentel in 'n rigting teenoor die draairigting sal dit vir 'n waarnemer op die grond lyk asof die satelliet teen 'n ver groter snelheid as wat hy wel beweeg weg van die waarnemer af beweeg. Vir 'n waarnemer om 'n satelliet te sien asof dit op 'n vaste posisie is, moet die satelliet se snelheid gelyk wees aan die aarde se draaisnelheid. </p><p>So 'n wentelbaan word 'n geosinkrone wentelbaan genoem en bestaan uit satelliete uit wat 35,786 km bo die aarde is. Enige ander wentelbaan het dan 'n beperkte kommunikasiegleuf met 'n waarnemer op die grond, wanneer sig moontlik is tussen die satelliet en die waarnemer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sentriese_klassifiserings">Sentriese klassifiserings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Wysig afdeling: Sentriese klassifiserings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Sentriese klassifiserings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>'n Sentriese klassifisering beskryf 'n wentelbaan met betrekking tot die groter voorwerp waarom die satelliet wentel. Die algemeenste wentelbane deur mense gebruik is om die aarde, maar ander wentelbane is moontlik. </p> <ul><li>Geosentriese wentelbaan: 'n Wentelbaan om die aarde. Die maan en meeste kunsmatige satelliet val in hierdie kategorie.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliosentriese_wentelbaan" title="Heliosentriese wentelbaan">Heliosentriese wentelbaan</a>: 'n Wentelbaan om die son. Die aarde is 'n natuurlike satelliet van die son, en daar is kunsmatige son satelliet sowel as ruimterommel wat dit tans wentel.</li> <li>Aerosentriese wentelbaan: 'n Wentelbaan om 'n ander hemelliggaam, soos byvoorbeeld <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hoogteklassifiserings">Hoogteklassifiserings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Wysig afdeling: Hoogteklassifiserings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Hoogteklassifiserings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die hoogte van die satelliet word gewoonlik gemeet as verskil tussen die afstand tussen die aarde se middelpunt en die satelliet en die afstand tussen die aardoppervlak en die satelliet. Omdat die atmosfeer se digtheid eksponensieel afneem, is daar geweldig minder wrywingskragte op hoër wentelbane as laeres. Dit het die gevolg dat groter satelliete gewoonlik hoër geplaas word as kleineres. </p> <ul><li>Lae Aarde Wentelbaan (LAW) – geosentriese wentelbane met 'n hoogte van laer as 350 km en tot omtrent 2000 km.</li> <li>Medium Aarde Wentelbaan (MAW) – geosentriese wentelbaan tussen 2000 km en 35,786 km.</li> <li>Geosinkrone Wentelbaan (GEO) – 'n belangrike wentelbaan teen 'n hoogte van 35786 km. Die satelliet sal hier nie relatief tot die punt onder hom op die grond beweeg nie (daar is 'n klein hoeveelheid beweging maar nie genoeg om meeste aannames te affekteer nie)</li> <li>Hoë Aarde Wentelbaan (HAW) – enige wentelbaan bo 'n geosinkrone wentelbaan se 35786 km hoogte.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Helling_klassifiserings">Helling klassifiserings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Wysig afdeling: Helling klassifiserings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Helling klassifiserings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die helling van 'n wentelbaan verwys na die hoek die helling en 'n plat vlak wat deur die ewenaar loop. 'n Satelliet met 'n helling van 0 grade sal dus altyd in lyn met die ewenaar bly. </p> <ul><li>Polêre wentelbaan: 'n Wentelbaan wat die satelliet min of meer bokant beide pole verby laat beweeg in 'n enkele omwenteling. So 'n wentelbaan sal 'n helling van min of meer 90 grade hê.</li> <li>Polêre sonsinkrone wentelbaan: 'n Wentelbaan waar die satelliet die ewenaar teen dieselfde plaaslike tyd elke dag sal sny. Hierdie wentelbaan word gebruik deur satelliete wat beelde wil neem, aangesien die skaduwees baie soortgelyk sal wees vir elke omwenteling.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spesiale_klasifiserings">Spesiale klasifiserings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Wysig afdeling: Spesiale klasifiserings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Spesiale klasifiserings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Sonsinkrone wentelbaan: 'n Wentelbaan wat se hoogte en helling so gekies is dat dit teen dieselfde plaaslike tyd oor enige punt van die aardoppervlak sal beweeg. Dit kan gebruik word om die satelliet in konstante sonlig te plaas en is nuttig vir spioenasie, <a href="/wiki/Weervoorspelling" title="Weervoorspelling">weervoorspelling</a> en beeldneming.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Satellietsubstelsels">Satellietsubstelsels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Wysig afdeling: Satellietsubstelsels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Satellietsubstelsels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elke satelliet wat gelanseer word, word gekenmerk deur sy loonvraag. Vir 'n satelliet wat verskille in plantegroeistreke ondersoek, kan dit byvoorbeeld 'n kragtige beeldnemer wees. Eenvoudig gestel is die loonvraag dit wat die satelliet toelaat om sy primêre funksie te verrig. Verder moet alle satelliete 'n ADCS(<i>Attittude Determination and Control System</i>) stelsels hê, sowel as 'n drywingsbeheerstelsel en 'n kommunikasie loonvraag. Elke stelsel het 'n unieke doel wat bydrae tot die primêre funksie van die satelliet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ADCS">ADCS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Wysig afdeling: ADCS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: ADCS"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die ADCS van 'n satelliet beheer die beweging en oriëntasie van die satelliet. Wanneer 'n satelliet in 'n wentelbaan geplaas word is daar steeds baie onsekerheid oor sy spesifieke posisie. Die satelliet sal ook gewoonlik tuimel (dit wil sê in 'n onbeheerde manier draai om een van sy asse) totdat die ADCS dit kan beheer. </p><p>Die doel van die ADCS is om relatief akkurate inligting oor die satelliet se posisie te kry (dit word gewoonlik gedoen deur gebruik te maak van die sterre – twee beelde van sterre word geneem en bekende sterre word geïdentifiseer. Met informasie oor die satelliet se snelheid kan daar dan wiskundig 'n skatting van die satelliet se posisie gemaak word), sowel as om die oriëntasie van die satelliet te beheer. 'n Satelliet wat vry wentel (sonder enige menslike invloed) sal tuimel op so 'n manier om die meeste energie te behou. Dus moet daar aktief krag deur die ADCS op die satelliet toegepas word om die satelliet in 'n gewenste rigting te laat wys. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drywingsbeheerstelsel">Drywingsbeheerstelsel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Wysig afdeling: Drywingsbeheerstelsel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Drywingsbeheerstelsel"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enige satelliet het 'n beperkte hoeveelheid drywing beskikbaar. Satelliete het gewoonlik ook sonpanele wat gebruik kan word om hul batterye te herlaai. Dit is belangrik om by te voeg dat die satelliet 'n totale sonsverduistering sal ervaar weens die aarde wat tussen die son en die satelliet is. Die effektiewe bestuur van 'n satelliet se drywing laat dit toe om gewoonlik 'n effektiewe leeftyd te hê waartydens dit genoeg drywing sal hê om sy primêre funksie te vervul. Daarna sal die meerderheid van die satelliet se stelsels afgeskakel moet word of in 'n laedrywyingsmodus moet werk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kommunikasieloonvrag">Kommunikasieloonvrag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Wysig afdeling: Kommunikasieloonvrag" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Kommunikasieloonvrag"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die kommunikasie bestaan uit die antennas en senders wat gebruik word om data te stuur en te ontvang. 'n Satelliet se kommunikasie word verdeel tussen bevele aan die satelliet en die aflaai van nuttige data wat deur die satelliet ingesamel is (byvoorbeeld beelde wat deur die satelliet geneem is). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Missiespesifieke_loonvrag">Missiespesifieke loonvrag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Wysig afdeling: Missiespesifieke loonvrag" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Missiespesifieke loonvrag"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die missiespesifieke loongvrag sal spesifieke komponente behels wat uniek is tot elke satelliet en die satelliet toelaat om sy primêre funksie te verrig. Vir 'n kommunikasiesatelliet kan dit 'n kragtige uitsaaier wees, vir 'n verkenningsatelliet kan dit 'n beeldopnemer wees.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hoe_bly_satelliete_in_die_lug?"><span id="Hoe_bly_satelliete_in_die_lug.3F"></span>Hoe bly satelliete in die lug?</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Wysig afdeling: Hoe bly satelliete in die lug?" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Hoe bly satelliete in die lug?"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die wet van <a href="/wiki/Swaartekrag" title="Swaartekrag">swaartekrag</a>, wat vir die eerste keer in die <a href="/wiki/17de_eeu" title="17de eeu">17de eeu</a> deur <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>, geformuleer is, sê dat die aarde enige voorwerp in sy omgewing wat vry kan beweeg, aantrek. Wanneer mens ’n klip in die lug in gooi, trek dit nie onbepaald opwaarts nie; dit beweeg al hoe stadiger, stop en val dan terug na die aarde. Die rede hiervoor is dat die aarde die klip deur swaartekrag aantrek. </p><p>Hoe vinniger die klip beweeg, hoe verder sal dit trek voordat dit na die aarde terugkeer. As ons dus 'n klip vinnig genoeg van die aarde kan gooi, maar nie vinnig genoeg dat dit heeltemal wegskiet nie, dan kan dit in 'n area beland waar dit altyd val, maar nie vinnig genoeg om aan die aarde te raak nie, aangesien die aarde ook beweeg: dit beland in 'n baan om die aarde; die snelheid van die klip sodanig is dat die krag wat die klip van die aarde wil wegvoer, net so groot is soos die swaartekrag wat die klip afwaarts dwing. Dus beweeg die klip in 'n wentelbaan om die aarde. </p><p>Ons kan dit met ’n eenvoudige proef verduidelik: as mens 'n emmer half met water vul en dit vinnig in die rondte swaai, bly die water in die emmer, selfs al is die emmer onderstebo. As die emmer te stadig geswaai word, sal die water uitloop. As ons dus wil hê dat die water in die emmer moet bly, moet die emmer vinnig genoeg beweeg. In hierdie oefening stel die water die satelliet voor; die snelheid waarmee ons die emmer swaai, verteenwoordig die <a href="/wiki/Snelheid" title="Snelheid">snelheid</a> van die satelliet in sy wentelbaan om die <a href="/wiki/Aarde" title="Aarde">aarde</a> en ons arm verteenwoordig die swaartekrag van die aarde. </p><p>Om na die klip terug te keer: die klip sal nie naby die aarde se oppervlak in 'n <a href="/wiki/Wentelbaan" title="Wentelbaan">wentelbaan</a> kan beweeg nie, aangesien sy snelheid deur wrywing met die lugdeeltjies gou sou afneem en hy dus sy wentelsnelheid sou verloor. Maar op enige hoogte hoër as 150 km bo die aarde is die lug so dun dat wrywing nie meer ’n rol speel nie. Op so 'n hoogte sal die klip of ’n satelliet in 'n elliptiese (ovaalvormige) baan om die aarde beweeg indien dit 'n snelheid van sowat 29 000 km/h (of omtrent 8 km/s) kan handhaaf Indien dit nie hierdie snelheid kan  handhaaf nie word dit teruggetrek in die aarde se <a href="/wiki/Aarde_se_atmosfeer" title="Aarde se atmosfeer">atmosfeer</a> en die geweldige <a href="/wiki/Wrywing" title="Wrywing">wrywing</a> veroorsaak dat dit uitbrand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einde_van_leeftyd">Einde van leeftyd</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Wysig afdeling: Einde van leeftyd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Einde van leeftyd"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Satelliete het 'n beperkte tyd waarvoor hulle een of meer doele probeer verrig vir hul unieke missie. Nadat 'n sekere tyd verstryk het of die satelliet nie meer in staat is om sy missie te verrig nie, het die satelliet die einde van sy leeftyd bereik. Die satelliet kan dan uit sy wentelbaan verwyder word of geskuif word na 'n wentelbaan wat nie van belang is nie. (Sekere wentelbane is van baie meer nut met betrekking tot menslike belang as ander.) </p><p>Weens die geskiedenis van die <a href="/wiki/Ruimtewedloop" title="Ruimtewedloop">ruimtewedloop</a> en beperkings tot algemene begrotings is daar nie genoegsame beplanning gedoen met betrekking tot die verwydering van satelliete uit 'n wentelbaan nie. Dus is die meerderheid van ouer satelliete steeds in wentelbane om die aarde, en dra so by tot die probleem van <a href="/wiki/Ruimterommel" title="Ruimterommel">ruimterommel</a>. Indien 'n satelliet lank genoeg wentel sal hy egter van self vernietig word deur die toenemende kragte wat daarop uitgeoefen word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lande_met_lanseervermoë"><span id="Lande_met_lanseervermo.C3.AB"></span>Lande met lanseervermoë</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Wysig afdeling: Lande met lanseervermoë" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Lande met lanseervermoë"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hierdie lys beskryf lande wat onafhanklik van ander lande satelliete binne wentelbane kan plaas. Let wel: Talle ander lande het die vermoë om satelliete volledig te ontwerp en te bou, maar is afhanklik van ander lande om die satelliete te lanseer. Hierdie lys dek nie daardie lande nie, maar lys slegs lande wat heeltemal op hul eie satelliete kan lanseer sowel as die datum van die eerste keer toe hulle suksesvol gelanseer het. </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <caption>Eerste lansering deur land </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Orde </th> <th>Land </th> <th>Eerste lanseringsdatum </th> <th>Vuurpyl </th> <th>Satelliet </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Sowjetunie"><img alt="Vlag van Sowjetunie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sowjetunie" title="Sowjetunie">Sowjetunie</a> </td> <td>4 Oktober 1957 </td> <td>Spoetnik-PS </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spoetnik_1" title="Spoetnik 1">Spoetnik 1</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Verenigde State van Amerika"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde State van Amerika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State</a> </td> <td>1 Februarie 1958 </td> <td>Juno I </td> <td>Explorer 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Frankryk"><img alt="Vlag van Frankryk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frankryk</a> </td> <td>26 November 1965 </td> <td>Diamant-A </td> <td>Astérix </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Japan"><img alt="Vlag van Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>11 Februarie 1970 </td> <td>Lambda-4S </td> <td>Osumi </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Volksrepubliek China"><img alt="Vlag van Volksrepubliek China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">China</a> </td> <td>24 April 1970 </td> <td>Long March 1 </td> <td>Dong Fang Hong I </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Verenigde Koninkryk"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde Koninkryk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Koninkryk" title="Verenigde Koninkryk">Verenigde Koninkryk</a> </td> <td>28 Oktober 1971 </td> <td>Black Arrow </td> <td>Prospero </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Indië"><img alt="Vlag van Indië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Indi%C3%AB" title="Indië">Indië</a> </td> <td>18 Julie 1980 </td> <td>SLV </td> <td>Rohini D1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Israel"><img alt="Vlag van Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td>19 September 1988 </td> <td>Shavit </td> <td>Ofeq 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>- </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Rusland"><img alt="Vlag van Rusland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Rusland</a> </td> <td>21 Januarie 1992 </td> <td>Soyuz-U </td> <td>Kosmos 2175 </td></tr> <tr> <td>- </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Oekraïne"><img alt="Vlag van Oekraïne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne">Oekraïne</a> </td> <td>13 Julie 1992 </td> <td>Tsyklon-3 </td> <td>Strela </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Iran"><img alt="Vlag van Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>2 Februarie 2009 </td> <td>Safir-1 </td> <td>Omid </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Noord-Korea"><img alt="Vlag van Noord-Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Noord-Korea" title="Noord-Korea">Noord-Korea</a> </td> <td>12 Desember 2012 </td> <td>Unha-3 </td> <td>Kwangmyongsong-3 Unit 2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mislukte_eerste_lanserings">Mislukte eerste lanserings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Wysig afdeling: Mislukte eerste lanserings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Mislukte eerste lanserings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State van Amerika</a> het onsuksesvol probeer lanseer in 1957, voor hul sukses behaal het in 1958.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republiek_China" title="Republiek China">Republiek China</a> het onsuksesvol in 1969 probeer lanseer voordat hulle suksesvol was teen 1970.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indi%C3%AB" title="Indië">Indië</a> het wel 'n satelliet met buitelandse hulp gelanseer in 1975, voor 'n onsuksesvolle onafhanklike poging in 1979 en het daarna in 1980 sukses behaal.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasili%C3%AB" title="Brasilië">Brasilië</a> het 'n satelliet met buitelandse hulp gelanseer in 1985, maar was onsuksesvol in al drie hul onafhanklike pogings in 1997, 1999 en 2003 onderskeidelik.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noord-Korea" title="Noord-Korea">Noord-Korea</a> het al verskeie kere voor hul suksesvolle lansering voorgegee dat hulle wel suksesvol gelanseer het, maar hierdie was bevraagteken deur die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State van Amerika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> en <a href="/wiki/Suid-Korea" title="Suid-Korea">Suid-Korea</a>, wat voorgestel het dat dit eerder toetse was vir missieloperasies.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suid-Korea" title="Suid-Korea">Suid-Korea</a> het in 1992 'n satelliet met buitelandse hulp gelanseer. Hulle was daarna onsuksesvol in hul ontwikkeling van hul eie lanseerder. Hulle het egter hul eerste lanseerder volledig ontwikkel met Russiese hulp in 2013 (Naro-3).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lande_se_eerste_satelliete">Lande se eerste satelliete</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Wysig afdeling: Lande se eerste satelliete" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Lande se eerste satelliete"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Lande se eerste satelliete insluitend die wat met buitelandse hulp gelanseer is<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Land </th> <th>Lanseringsjaar </th> <th>Eerste Satelliet </th> <th>Loonvragte wat in April 2016 wentel<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Sowjetunie"><img alt="Vlag van Sowjetunie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sowjetunie" title="Sowjetunie">Sowjetunie</a> <p>(<span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Rusland"><img alt="Vlag van Rusland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Rusland</a>) </p> </td> <td>1957 <p>(1992) </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spoetnik_1" title="Spoetnik 1">Spoetnik 1</a> <p>(Kosmos 2175) </p> </td> <td>1457 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Verenigde State van Amerika"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde State van Amerika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State</a> </td> <td>1958 </td> <td>Explorer 1 </td> <td>1252 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Verenigde Koninkryk"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde Koninkryk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Koninkryk" title="Verenigde Koninkryk">Verenigde Koninkryk</a> </td> <td>1962 </td> <td>Ariel 1 </td> <td>40 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Canada_(Pantone).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Kanada"><img alt="Vlag van Kanada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> </td> <td>1962 </td> <td>Alouette 1 </td> <td>43 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Italië"><img alt="Vlag van Italië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a> </td> <td>1964 </td> <td>San Marco 1 </td> <td>22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Frankryk"><img alt="Vlag van Frankryk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frankryk</a> </td> <td>1965 </td> <td>Astérix </td> <td>60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Australië"><img alt="Vlag van Australië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Australi%C3%AB" title="Australië">Australië</a> </td> <td>1967 </td> <td>WRESAT </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Duitsland"><img alt="Vlag van Duitsland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitsland</a> </td> <td>1969 </td> <td>Azur </td> <td>49 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Japan"><img alt="Vlag van Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>1970 </td> <td>Ōsumi </td> <td>153 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Volksrepubliek China"><img alt="Vlag van Volksrepubliek China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">China</a> </td> <td>1970 </td> <td>Dong Fang Hong I </td> <td>210 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Nederland"><img alt="Vlag van Nederland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederland</a> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>ANS </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Spanje"><img alt="Vlag van Spanje" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>Intasat </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Indië"><img alt="Vlag van Indië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Indi%C3%AB" title="Indië"> Indië</a> </td> <td>1975 </td> <td>Aryabhata </td> <td>65 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Indonesië"><img alt="Vlag van Indonesië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Indonesi%C3%AB" title="Indonesië">Indonesië</a> </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>Palapa A1 </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Tsjeggo-Slowakye"><img alt="Vlag van Tsjeggo-Slowakye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tsjeggo-Slowakye" title="Tsjeggo-Slowakye">Tsjeggoslowakye</a> </td> <td>1978 </td> <td>Magion 1 </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Bulgarye"><img alt="Vlag van Bulgarye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarye" title="Bulgarye">Bulgarye</a> </td> <td>1981 </td> <td>Intercosmos Bulgaria 1300 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Saoedi-Arabië"><img alt="Vlag van Saoedi-Arabië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië">Saoedi-Arabië</a> </td> <td>1985 </td> <td>Arabsat-1A </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Brazil.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Brasilië"><img alt="Vlag van Brasilië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Brasili%C3%AB" title="Brasilië">Brasilië</a> </td> <td>1985 </td> <td>Brasilsat A1 </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Mexico.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Meksiko"><img alt="Vlag van Meksiko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Meksiko" title="Meksiko">Meksiko</a> </td> <td>1985 </td> <td>Morelos 1 </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Swede"><img alt="Vlag van Swede" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Swede" title="Swede">Swede</a> </td> <td>1986 </td> <td>Viking </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Israel"><img alt="Vlag van Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td>1988 </td> <td>Ofeq 1 </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Luxemburg"><img alt="Vlag van Luxemburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/22px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/33px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/44px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxemburg" title="Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a> </td> <td>1988 </td> <td>Astra 1A </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Argentina.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Argentinië"><img alt="Vlag van Argentinië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Argentini%C3%AB" title="Argentinië">Argentinië</a> </td> <td>1990 </td> <td>Lusat </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Hongkong"><img alt="Vlag van Hongkong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong">Hongkong</a> </td> <td>1990 </td> <td>AsiaSat 1 </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Pakistan"><img alt="Vlag van Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>1990 </td> <td>Badr-1 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Suid-Korea"><img alt="Vlag van Suid-Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Suid-Korea" title="Suid-Korea">Suid-Korea</a> </td> <td>1992 </td> <td>Kitsat A </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Portugal"><img alt="Vlag van Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>PoSAT-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Thailand.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Thailand"><img alt="Vlag van Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/22px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/33px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/44px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>Thaicom 1 </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Turkye"><img alt="Vlag van Turkye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkye" title="Turkye">Turkye</a> </td> <td>1994 </td> <td>Turksat 1B </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Tsjeggië"><img alt="Vlag van Tsjeggië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tsjeggi%C3%AB" title="Tsjeggië">Tsjeggië</a> </td> <td>1995 </td> <td>Magion 4 </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Oekraïne"><img alt="Vlag van Oekraïne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne">Oekraïne</a> </td> <td>1995 </td> <td>Sich-1 </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Malaysia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Maleisië"><img alt="Vlag van Maleisië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Maleisi%C3%AB" title="Maleisië">Maleisië</a> </td> <td>1996 </td> <td>MEASAT </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Norway.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Noorweë"><img alt="Vlag van Noorweë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">Noorweë</a> </td> <td>1997 </td> <td>Thor 2 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Filippyne"><img alt="Vlag van Filippyne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Filippyne" title="Filippyne">Filippyne</a> </td> <td>1997 </td> <td>Mabuhay 1 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Egipte"><img alt="Vlag van Egipte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/22px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/33px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/44px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td>Nilesat 101 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Chile.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Chili"><img alt="Vlag van Chili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/22px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/33px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/44px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td>FASat-Bravo </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Singapore.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Singapoer"><img alt="Vlag van Singapoer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/22px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/33px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/44px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Singapoer" title="Singapoer">Singapoer</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td>ST-1 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Republiek van China"><img alt="Vlag van Republiek van China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Republiek_van_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republiek van China">Taiwan</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>ROCSAT-1 </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Denemarke"><img alt="Vlag van Denemarke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Denemarke" title="Denemarke">Denemarke</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>Ørsted </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_South_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Suid-Afrika"><img alt="Vlag van Suid-Afrika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Suid-Afrika" title="Suid-Afrika">Suid-Afrika</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/SUNSAT" title="SUNSAT">SUNSAT</a> </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Verenigde Arabiese Emirate"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde Arabiese Emirate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Arabiese_Emirate" title="Verenigde Arabiese Emirate">Verenigde Arabiese Emirate</a> </td> <td>2000 </td> <td>Thuraya 1 </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Morocco.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Marokko"><img alt="Vlag van Marokko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/22px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/33px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/44px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a> </td> <td>2001 </td> <td>Maroc-Tubsat </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Tonga.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Tonga"><img alt="Vlag van Tonga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a> </td> <td>2002 </td> <td>Esiafi 1 (voormalige Comstar D4) </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Algerië"><img alt="Vlag van Algerië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Algeri%C3%AB" title="Algerië">Algerië</a> </td> <td>2002 </td> <td>Alsat 1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Griekeland"><img alt="Vlag van Griekeland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Griekeland" title="Griekeland">Griekeland</a> </td> <td>2003 </td> <td>Hellas Sat 2 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Cyprus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Siprus"><img alt="Vlag van Siprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Siprus" title="Siprus">Siprus</a> </td> <td>2003 </td> <td>Hellas Sat 2 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Nigerië"><img alt="Vlag van Nigerië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nigeri%C3%AB" title="Nigerië">Nigerië</a> </td> <td>2003 </td> <td>Nigeriasat 1 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Iran"><img alt="Vlag van Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td>2005 </td> <td>Sina-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Kasakstan"><img alt="Vlag van Kasakstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan">Kasakstan</a> </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>KazSat 1 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Colombia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Colombia"><img alt="Vlag van Colombia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> </td> <td>2007 </td> <td>Libertad 1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Mauritius.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Mauritius"><img alt="Vlag van Mauritius" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> </td> <td>2007 </td> <td>Rascom-QAF 1 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Viëtnam"><img alt="Vlag van Viëtnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/22px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/33px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/44px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%ABtnam" title="Viëtnam">Viëtnam</a> </td> <td>2008 </td> <td>Vinasat-1 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Venezuela.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Venezuela"><img alt="Vlag van Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/22px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/33px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/44px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> </td> <td>2008 </td> <td>Venesat-1 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Switzerland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Switserland"><img alt="Vlag van Switserland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Switserland" title="Switserland">Switserland</a> </td> <td>2009 </td> <td>SwissCube-1 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Man (eiland)"><img alt="Vlag van Man (eiland)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Mann.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Man_(eiland)" title="Man (eiland)">Man (eiland)</a> </td> <td>2011 </td> <td>ViaSat-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Pole"><img alt="Vlag van Pole" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pole" title="Pole">Pole</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>PW-Sat </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Hongarye"><img alt="Vlag van Hongarye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hongarye" title="Hongarye">Hongarye</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>MaSat-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Roemenië"><img alt="Vlag van Roemenië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Roemeni%C3%AB" title="Roemenië">Roemenië</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>Goliat </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Belarus"><img alt="Vlag van Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Wit-Rusland</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>BKA (BelKA-2)[ </td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Noord-Korea"><img alt="Vlag van Noord-Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Noord-Korea" title="Noord-Korea">Noord-Korea</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Eenheid 2 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Azerbeidjan"><img alt="Vlag van Azerbeidjan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbeidjan" title="Azerbeidjan">Azerbeidjan</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>Azerspace </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Oostenryk"><img alt="Vlag van Oostenryk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Oostenryk" title="Oostenryk">Oostenryk</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Bermuda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Bermuda"><img alt="Vlag van Bermuda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>Bermudasat 1 (voormalige EchoStar VI) </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Ecuador.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Ecuador"><img alt="Vlag van Ecuador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>NEE-01 Pegaso </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Estland"><img alt="Vlag van Estland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Estland" title="Estland">Estland</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>ESTCube-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Jersey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Jersey"><img alt="Vlag van Jersey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>O3b-1,-2,-3,-4 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Qatar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Katar"><img alt="Vlag van Katar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/22px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/33px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/44px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Katar" title="Katar">Katar</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>Es'hailSat1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Peru.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Peru"><img alt="Vlag van Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/22px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/33px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/44px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>PUCPSAT-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Bolivia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Bolivië"><img alt="Vlag van Bolivië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bolivi%C3%AB" title="Bolivië">Bolivië</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>TKSat-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Lithuania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Litaue"><img alt="Vlag van Litaue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Litaue" title="Litaue">Litaue</a> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>LituanicaSAT-1 en LitSat-1 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Belgium.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van België"><img alt="Vlag van België" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgi%C3%AB" title="België">België</a> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>QB50P1 en QB50P2 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Uruguay.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Uruguay"><img alt="Vlag van Uruguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/22px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/33px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/44px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>Antelsat </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Irak"><img alt="Vlag van Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>Tigrisat </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Turkmenistan"><img alt="Vlag van Turkmenistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> </td> <td>2015 </td> <td>TurkmenAlem52E/MonacoSAT </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Laos.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Laos"><img alt="Vlag van Laos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/22px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/33px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/44px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td>2015 </td> <td>Laosat-1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aanvalle_op_satelliete">Aanvalle op satelliete</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Wysig afdeling: Aanvalle op satelliete" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Aanvalle op satelliete"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dit is in die moderne tyd moontlik om satelliete te kraak en hul data te steel of effektief hulle kommunikasies af te luister.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dit het die gevolg dat sekuriteit in satellietkommunikasie ook ontwikkel moet word. </p><p>Om te wys dat hulle die vermoë het om satelliete uit hul wentelbane uit te verwyder, het Rusland, China en die Verenigde State satelliete in lae aardwentelbane vernietig met missiele. In 2007 het China 'n verouderde weersatelliet met 'n missiel vernietig, wat meer as 40 000 stukke ruimterommel geskep het.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Verenigde State het ook in 2008 'n ongebruikte spionasiesatelliet met missiele vernietig.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dienste_deur_satelliete_gelewer">Dienste deur satelliete gelewer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Wysig afdeling: Dienste deur satelliete gelewer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Dienste deur satelliete gelewer"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Agricultural_monitoring_in_Spain_ESA371156.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Agricultural_monitoring_in_Spain_ESA371156.gif/220px-Agricultural_monitoring_in_Spain_ESA371156.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Agricultural_monitoring_in_Spain_ESA371156.gif/330px-Agricultural_monitoring_in_Spain_ESA371156.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Agricultural_monitoring_in_Spain_ESA371156.gif/440px-Agricultural_monitoring_in_Spain_ESA371156.gif 2x" data-file-width="1087" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption>'n Reeks <a href="/wiki/Satellietfoto" title="Satellietfoto">satellietbeelde</a> onthul die <a href="/wiki/Seisoen" title="Seisoen">seisoenale</a> opeenvolging en groei van <a href="/wiki/Landbou" title="Landbou">landbougewasse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Data verkry oor oesskattings en ander landboutoepassings</li> <li>Satellietgedrewe toegang tot die internet</li> <li>Satelliettelevisie</li> <li>Satelliettelefoondienste</li> <li>Satellietnavigasie</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysing">Verwysing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysing" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysing"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nasa.gov/press/2015/march/nasa-spacecraft-becomes-first-to-orbit-a-dwarf-planet/#.VPtPWbYrvcs">http://www.nasa.gov/press/2015/march/nasa-spacecraft-becomes-first-to-orbit-a-dwarf-planet/#.VPtPWbYrvcs</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131112013308/http://seattletimes.com/html/nationworld/2022236028_apxfallingsatellite.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20131112013308/http://seattletimes.com/html/nationworld/2022236028_apxfallingsatellite.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Operations/Space_Debris/Global_experts_agree_action_needed_on_space_debris">http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Operations/Space_Debris/Global_experts_agree_action_needed_on_space_debris</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/space_weapons/technical_issues/ucs-satellite-database.html">http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/space_weapons/technical_issues/ucs-satellite-database.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509103739/http://www.ucsusa.org/global_security/space_weapons/whats-in-space.html">"<i>What's in Space? Satellites: Types, orbits, countries, and debris</i>"</a>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucsusa.org/global_security/space_weapons/whats-in-space.html">die oorspronklike</a> op 9 Mei 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">17 Februarie</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What%E2%80%99s+in+Space%3F+Satellites%3A+Types%2C+orbits%2C+countries%2C+and+debris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucsusa.org%2Fglobal_security%2Fspace_weapons%2Fwhats-in-space.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ASatelliet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213155126/http://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/satellitenunfall100.html"><i>Russischer und US-Satellit kollidieren. Erster Satellitencrash im All?</i></a> <span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(en) James R. Wertz et al "Space Mission Engineering: The New SMAD", 2011, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9781881883166" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-881883-16-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.tbs-satellite.com/tse/online/thema_first.html">http://www.tbs-satellite.com/tse/online/thema_first.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225001237/http://celestrak.org/satcat/boxscore.php">"argiefkopie"</a>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.celestrak.com/satcat/boxscore.asp">die oorspronklike</a> op 25 Februarie 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Julie</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=argiefkopie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.celestrak.com%2Fsatcat%2Fboxscore.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ASatelliet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080320084037/http://blogs.ittoolbox.com/security/dmorrill/archives/hack-a-satellite-while-it-is-in-orbit-15690">"argiefkopie"</a>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.ittoolbox.com/security/dmorrill/archives/hack-a-satellite-while-it-is-in-orbit-15690">die oorspronklike</a> op 20 Maart 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Maart</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=argiefkopie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.ittoolbox.com%2Fsecurity%2Fdmorrill%2Farchives%2Fhack-a-satellite-while-it-is-in-orbit-15690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ASatelliet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/18/world/asia/18cnd-china.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/18/world/asia/18cnd-china.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.popularmechanics.com/blogs/science_news/4251430.html">http://www.popularmechanics.com/blogs/science_news/4251430.html</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronnelys">Bronnelys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronnelys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section's source code: Bronnelys"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kennis_(ensiklopedie)" title="Kennis (ensiklopedie)">Kennis</a></i>, 1980, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/079810824X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7981-0824-X</a>, volume 2, bl. 266</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAreldspektrum" title="Wêreldspektrum">Wêreldspektrum</a></i>, 1982, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0908409664" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-908409-66-4</a>, volume 25, bl. 11</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelliet&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Satellites" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Satellites">Satelliet</a></b></i>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/satellite-communication">"Satellite communication"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">22 Desember</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Satellite+communication&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftechnology%2Fsatellite-communication&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ASatelliet" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="toccolours" style="text-align: left; width: 100%; font-size: 85%; clear:both; margin: 0em 0em -0.5em; padding: .5em 1em; vertical-align: middle;"> <tbody><tr> <td>Hierdie artikel is in sy geheel of gedeeltelik vanuit die <span class="plainlinks"></span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite" class="extiw" title="en:Satellite">Engelse Wikipedia</a> vertaal. </td> <td width="20"><div style="position: relative; width: 20px; height: 20px; overflow: hidden"> <div style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; font-size: 100px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 100px; z-index: 3"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Vertaalvanaf/info" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjabloon:Vertaalvanaf/info"><span title="Klik vir info oor hierdie sjabloon.">   </span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; 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mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Nuwe onderwerp</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-9fdbc9b66-mljwm","wgBackendResponseTime":211,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.380","walltime":"0.652","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5748,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":44753,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8573,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":19485,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 439.873 1 -total"," 52.13% 229.313 88 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