CINXE.COM

<!doctype html><html invert style="font-size: 10px;font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #fafafa;" lang="en-US"><head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.youtube.com/feed/history","20190218175912","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1550512752"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/jwplayer/jwplayer.js?v=hiYhl5rb" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-video.js?v=TFNEreMA" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> _wmVideos_.init({ prefix:"/web" }); </script>  <meta http-equiv="origin-trial" data-feature="Media Capabilities" data-expires="2018-04-12" content="AjLq5uNF7MpG/eM34tWcJD3h8yZY1Q72ckfwdKbUNKGtUNaZkrw55eq2tI60vG0IlsCNw33W9WmuV113EAsdHAwAAABpeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL3lvdXR1YmUuY29tOjQ0MyIsImZlYXR1cmUiOiJNZWRpYUNhcGFiaWxpdGllcyIsImV4cGlyeSI6MTUyMzQ5MTIwMCwiaXNTdWJkb21haW4iOnRydWV9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" data-feature="Long Task Observer" data-expires="2017-04-17" content="AgXf9faUpH8YmYNhInb5nw8BxXZaT8pZlj3At6FUrcvdBzs0I8VxKDkfinT4bbXfPZX8lXKfjotQZrhFVnpzFwYAAABZeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL3d3dy55b3V0dWJlLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiTG9uZ1Rhc2tPYnNlcnZlciIsImV4cGlyeSI6MTQ5MjQ3MzYwMH0="><script>var ytcfg = {d: function() {return (window.yt && yt.config_) || ytcfg.data_ || (ytcfg.data_ = {});},get: function(k, o) {return (k in ytcfg.d()) ? ytcfg.d()[k] : o;},set: function() {var a = arguments;if (a.length > 1) {ytcfg.d()[a[0]] = a[1];} else {for (var k in a[0]) {ytcfg.d()[k] = a[0][k];}}}};window.ytcfg.set('EMERGENCY_BASE_URL', "\/error_204?level=ERROR\u0026client.name=1\u0026t=jserror\u0026client.version=2.20190213");</script><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://s.ytimg.com/yts/img/favicon-vfl8qSV2F.ico" type="image/x-icon"><link rel="icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://s.ytimg.com/yts/img/favicon_32-vflOogEID.png" sizes="32x32"><link rel="icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://s.ytimg.com/yts/img/favicon_48-vflVjB_Qk.png" sizes="48x48"><link rel="icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://s.ytimg.com/yts/img/favicon_96-vflW9Ec0w.png" sizes="96x96"><link rel="icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://s.ytimg.com/yts/img/favicon_144-vfliLAfaB.png" sizes="144x144"><title>YouTube</title><script>var ytcsi = {gt: function(n) {n = (n || '') + 'data_';return ytcsi[n] || (ytcsi[n] = {tick: {},info: {}});},now: window.performance && window.performance.timing &&window.performance.now ? function() {return window.performance.timing.navigationStart + window.performance.now();} : function() {return (new Date()).getTime();},tick: function(l, t, n) {ticks = ytcsi.gt(n).tick;var v = t || ytcsi.now();if (ticks[l]) {ticks['_' + l] = (ticks['_' + l] || [ticks[l]]);ticks['_' + l].push(v);}ticks[l] = v;},info: function(k, v, n) {ytcsi.gt(n).info[k] = v;},setStart: function(s, t, n) {ytcsi.info('yt_sts', s, n);ytcsi.tick('_start', t, n);}};(function(w, d) {ytcsi.setStart('dhs', w.performance ? w.performance.timing.responseStart : null);var isPrerender = (d.visibilityState || d.webkitVisibilityState) == 'prerender';var vName = (!d.visibilityState && d.webkitVisibilityState)? 'webkitvisibilitychange' : 'visibilitychange';if (isPrerender) {ytcsi.info('prerender', 1);var startTick = function() {ytcsi.setStart('dhs');d.removeEventListener(vName, startTick);};d.addEventListener(vName, startTick, false);}if (d.addEventListener) {d.addEventListener(vName, function() {ytcsi.tick('vc');}, false);}var slt = function(el, t) {setTimeout(function() {var n = ytcsi.now();el.loadTime = n;if (el.slt) {el.slt();}}, t);};w.__ytRIL = function(el) {if (!el.getAttribute('data-thumb')) {if (w.requestAnimationFrame) {w.requestAnimationFrame(function() {slt(el, 0);});} else {slt(el, 16);}}};})(window, document);</script> <script src="/web/20190218175912js_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/web-animations-next-lite.min-vflDmW-uJ/web-animations-next-lite.min.js" type="text/javascript" name="web-animations-next-lite.min/web-animations-next-lite.min"></script> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("rsbe_dph", null, '');}</script> <link rel="import" href="/yts/htmlbin/desktop_polymer-vfl_z7Uq3.html" name="desktop_polymer"> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("rsae_dph", null, '');}</script> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("lpcs", null, '');}window.Polymer = {"useNativeCSSProperties":true,"suppressBindingNotifications":true,"lazyRegister":"max","disableUpgradeEnabled":true,"suppressTemplateNotifications":true};(function() {window.ytplayer = {};ytcfg.set({"XHR_APIARY_HOST":"youtubei.youtube.com","HISTORY_CACHE_MAX_SIZE":100,"INNERTUBE_API_VERSION":"v1","YPC_MB_URL":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190218175912\/https:\/\/payments.youtube.com\/payments\/v4\/js\/integrator.js?ss=md","EXPERIMENT_FLAGS":{"enable_wta_classic_search_pyv":true,"desktop_classic_video_masthead_wta_support":true,"kevlar_history_buttons":true,"kevlar_transparent_player_background":true,"kevlar_cancel_scheduled_comment_jobs_on_navigate":true,"debug_forced_promo_id":"","desktop_polymer_video_masthead_mute_ad_support":true,"kevlar_cancellable_service_request":true,"warm_load_nav_start_web":true,"polymer_video_renderer_defer_menu":true,"backstage_share_as_community_post":true,"kevlar_help_use_locale":true,"kevlar_live_badges":true,"app_settings_snapshot_min_time_between_snapshots_hours":24,"web_gel_lact":true,"enable_youtubei_innertube":true,"kevlar_thumbnail_fluid":true,"kevlar_miniplayer_button":true,"desktop_notification_high_priority_ignore_push":true,"enable_web_ketchup_hero_animation":true,"kevlar_autonav_popup_filtering":true,"desktop_reactr_enable_dogfood":true,"kevlar_mousedown_prefetch":true,"enable_service_ajax_csn":true,"kevlar_view_playlist_text_no_video_count":true,"clear_web_implicit_clicktracking":true,"embed_api_deprecation":true,"kevlar_enable_logging_directives":true,"enable_web_poster_hover_animation":true,"service_worker_push_enabled":true,"kevlar_flexy_watch_no_smaller_players":true,"mentions_linkify_user_mention":true,"polymer_enable_mdx":true,"web_enable_history_cache_map":true,"kevlar_miniplayer":true,"polymer_selective_initialization_watch":true,"kevlar_use_page_data_will_update":true,"kevlar_use_page_dispose_jobs":true,"kevlar_tooltip_impression_cap":2,"attach_child_on_gel_web":true,"service_worker_push_prompt_cap":-1,"kevlar_flexy_watch_secondary_column_extra_margin":0,"kevlar_mealbar_popup":true,"kevlar_flexy_watch_new_dom":true,"desktop_pyv_on_watch_missing_params":true,"recommended_scroll":"dependent","kevlar_flexy_watch_v2":true,"enable_webcam_scheduling_hint":true,"enable_classic_creation_menu":true,"kevlar_use_ytd_player":true,"kevlar_home_skeleton_hide_later":true,"live_chat_increased_min_height":true,"web_logging_max_batch":100,"player_unified_fullscreen_transitions":true,"very_optimistically_create_gel_client":true,"disable_autoshare_ui":true,"live_chat_message_sampling_rate":4.0,"inline_comment_taller_inbox":true,"viewport_load_collection_wait_time":0,"log_js_exceptions_fraction":0.2,"web_dont_cancel_pending_navigation_same_url":true,"service_worker_push_prompt_delay_microseconds":3888000000000,"kevlar_flexy_watch_space_below_player":136,"enable_server_side_search_pyv":true,"polymer_schedule_immediate_components":true,"live_chat_replay":true,"kevlar_svg_content_modularization_enabled":true,"kevlar_enable_editable_playlists":true,"use_webrtc_ingestor_handshake":true,"kevlar_home_skeleton":true,"is_part_of_any_user_engagement_experiment":true,"is_browser_support_for_webcam_streaming":true,"kevlar_prefetch":true,"retry_web_logging_batches":true,"kevlar_nitrate_driven_tooltips":true,"kevlar_home_skeleton_less_grids":true,"live_chat_replay_milliqps_threshold":5000,"kevlar_flexy_watch_cold_sizing":true,"third_party_integration_main":true,"external_fullscreen":true,"kevlar_exit_fullscreen_leaving_watch":true,"defer_menus":true,"grid_playlist_view_more_text":true,"high_priority_flyout_frequency":3,"disable_youthere_lact_threshold_check":true,"kevlar_searchbox_designs":"legacy-centered","kevlar_mousedown_prefetch_blacklist":true,"desktop_polymer_video_masthead_always_use_responsive_iframe":true,"flush_onbeforeunload":true,"enable_desktop_polymer_video_masthead_upgrade":true,"cold_load_nav_start_web":true,"polymer_report_missing_web_navigation_endpoint_rate":0.1,"log_window_onerror_fraction":0.1,"service_worker_push_watch_page_prompt":true,"enable_cold_load_instrumentation":true,"enable_html5_conversion_ve_reporting":true,"polymer_page_data_load_refactoring":true,"interaction_click_on_gel_web":true,"enable_classic_encoder_pointback":true,"polymer_task_manager_status":"production","desktop_action_companion_wta_support":true,"kevlar_no_url_params":true,"watch_next_pause_autoplay_lact_sec":4500,"external_fullscreen_button_click_threshold":2,"web_memory_bloat_mb":0,"tighter_critical_section":true,"enable_webcam_scheduling":true,"web_always_load_chat_support":true,"enable_signals":true,"enable_gel_web_client_event_id":true,"autoplay_pause_sampling_fraction":0.0,"kevlar_history_nav_new_screen":true,"desktop_pyv_on_watch_via_valor":true,"remove_web_visibility_batching":true,"log_web_screen_end":true,"ten_video_reordering":[0,1,2,3,6,4,5,7,8,9],"kevlar_masthead_skeleton":true,"enable_webcam_dynamic_poll_period":true,"searchbox_reporting":true,"kevlar_real_search_endpoint":true,"web_show_masthead_early":true,"enable_red_carpet_experience_web":true,"defer_overlays":true,"catch_invalid_url_components":true,"web_emulated_idle_callback_delay":0,"kevlar_guide_subscription_uncollapsed_count":7,"polymer_selective_registration":true,"enable_docked_chat_messages":true,"player_swfcfg_cleanup":true,"client_streamz_web_flush_count":100,"theater_mode_at_all_widths":true,"kevlar_search_thumbnails_resize":true,"kevlar_allow_multistep_video_init":true,"log_vis_on_tab_change":true,"kevlar_use_page_dispose_jobs_priority":"low","kevlar_abort_continuation_handler_on_navigate_and_refetch":true,"user_engagement_experiments_rate_limit_ms":86400000,"enable_creator_highlights":true,"kevlar_droppable_prefetchable_requests":true,"enable_logging_directives_desktop":true,"external_fullscreen_with_edu":true,"service_worker_enabled":true,"service_worker_push_force_notification_prompt_tag":"1","ad_to_video_use_gel":true,"json_serialize_service_endpoints2":true,"disable_comments_prescan_visibility":true,"desktop_companion_wta_support":true,"desktop_polymer":true,"kevlar_sticky_channel_header":true,"is_browser_supported_for_live_studio_streaming":true,"polymer_addcreator_settimeout":true,"restore_player_preloading":true,"gfeedback_for_signed_out_users_enabled":true,"log_web_meta_interval_ms":0,"enable_web_red_carpet_video_as_thumbnail":true,"service_worker_scope":"\/","live_chat_top_chat_window_length_sec":4,"autoplay_pause_by_lact_sec":0,"service_worker_push_home_only":true,"element_pool_populator_auto_abort":true,"kevlar_time_caching_start_threshold":15,"kevlar_mousedown_prefetchable_components":["ytd-playlist-video-renderer","ytd-grid-video-renderer","ytd-compact-video-renderer","ytd-video-renderer","ytd-playlist-panel-video-renderer"],"desktop_videowall_companion_wta_support":true,"kevlar_generate_subs_button_without_delay":true,"scheduled_watch_response":true,"autoescape_tempdata_url":true,"polymer_warm_thumbnail_preload":true,"external_fullscreen_button_shown_threshold":10,"kevlar_player_stop_by_action":true,"web_system_health_fraction":0.01,"web_max_history_cache_size":100,"use_push_for_desktop_live_chat":true,"kevlar_settings_page":true,"live_chat_use_new_default_filter_mode":true,"wn_comments_use_gel":true,"html5_serverside_pagead_id_sets_cookie":true,"kevlar_improved_autonav":true,"enable_watch_next_pause_autoplay_lact":true,"global_spacebar_pause":true,"desktop_scheduler_soft_state_timer":800,"kevlar_use_multiline_ellipsis":true,"enable_desktop_polymer_video_masthead":true,"low_engagement_player_quality_cap":360,"enable_wta_kevlar_watch_pyv":true,"kevlar_time_caching":true,"live_chat_top_chat_split":0.5,"enable_wta_kevlar_search_pyv":true,"service_worker_push_logged_out_prompt_watches":-1,"youthere_innertube_actions":true,"desktop_notification_set_title_bar":true,"kevlar_watch_fullerscreen_refactor":true,"preview_play_duration":3000,"kevlar_enable_reorderable_playlists":true,"kevlar_better_logging_hides":true,"twelve_video_reordering":[0,1,2,4,7,8,3,5,6,9,10,11],"polymer_report_client_url_requested_rate":0.001,"web_android9_useragent_fix":true,"use_watch_fragments2":true,"live_chat_flash_money_button_on_super_chat_delivery":true,"desktop_polymer_video_masthead_wta_support":true,"kevlar_set_internal_player_size":true,"enable_verified_author_highlights":true,"show_join_button_user_edu_kevlar":true,"polymer_simple_endpoint":true,"youtubei_for_web":true,"client_streamz_web_flush_interval_seconds":60,"autoplay_pause_by_lact_sampling_fraction":0.0,"kevlar_next_up_next_edu_emoji":"","kevlar_disable_fast_player_sizing_on_channel_page":true,"defer_rendering_outside_visible_area":true,"desktop_keyboard_capture_keydown_killswitch":true,"same_domain_static_resources_desktop":true,"kevlar_center_search_results":true,"desktop_image_companion_wta_support":true,"polymer_selective_initialization":true,"kevlar_mealbar_trigger_conditions":true,"log_playback_associated_web":true,"recommended_video_reordering":true,"cold_missing_history":true,"move_desktop_topbar_to_watch_next":true,"kevlar_enable_search_on_watch_history":true,"service_worker_push_home_page_prompt":true,"botguard_periodic_refresh":true,"user_mention_suggestions_edu_impression_cap":10,"kevlar_disable_background_prefetch":true,"kevlar_manage_subscriptions_link":true,"kevlar_no_early_init_unpause":true,"kevlar_nitrate_mealbar_button_to_spec":true,"kevlar_use_chunking_lib":true,"enable_more_related_ve_logging":true,"enable_servlet_errors_streamz":true,"interaction_logging_on_gel_web":true,"enable_client_streamz_web":true,"polymer_cold_home_preload":true,"live_chat_flagging_reasons":true,"service_worker_push_prompt_delay_ms":3888000000,"enable_webcam_dvr":true,"graft_guide_on_navigation":true,"kevlar_flexy_watch_v2_extended":true,"autoplay_time":8000,"kevlar_time_caching_end_threshold":15,"kevlar_watch_skeleton":true,"pbj_navigate_limit":-1,"interaction_screen_on_gel_web":true,"optimistically_create_transport_client":true,"cancel_pending_navs":true,"app_settings_snapshot_is_logging_enabled":true,"kevlar_use_response_ttl_to_invalidate_cache":true,"enable_servlet_streamz":true,"kevlar_enable_live_badge":true,"desktop_polymer_video_masthead_session_tempdata_ttl":30,"add_old_subscribe_button":true,"user_mention_suggestions_in_posts":true,"kevlar_menu_logging":true,"visibility_time_between_jobs_ms":100,"tvfilm_complete_transaction_grafting":true,"enable_shorter_posts_on_home_desktop":true,"enable_playlist_visibility":true,"enable_afv_div_reset_in_kevlar":true,"desktop_shopping_companion_wta_support":true,"live_chat_inline_moderation":true,"kevlar_log_native_right_click_ve":true,"desktop_pyv_on_watch_override_lact":true,"polymer2_not_shady_build":true,"consent_url_override":"","lact_local_listeners":true,"enable_button_behavior_reuse":true,"polymer_sel_auto":true},"ANIMATED_YOODLE_JS_URL":"\/yts\/jsbin\/www-animated-yoodle-vflJQzEaP\/www-animated-yoodle.js","ENABLE_SERVICE_REQUEST":true,"GAPI_LOCALE":"en_US","SCHEDULER_SOFT_STATE_TIMER":800,"SUPPORTS_ANIMATIONS":true,"INNERTUBE_API_KEY":"AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8","GAPI_HINT_PARAMS":"m;\/_\/scs\/abc-static\/_\/js\/k=gapi.gapi.en.Qyhlf-E27OQ.O\/rt=j\/d=1\/rs=AHpOoo_77KcTN4WVhdQMqIfKBMTqlRW8yg\/m=__features__","SCHEDULED_LAZY_LIST":true,"ELEMENT_POOL_DEFAULT_CAP":75,"SBOX_SETTINGS":{"IS_FUSION":false,"SEARCHBOX_DESIGN_EXPERIMENT":"legacy-centered","HAS_ON_SCREEN_KEYBOARD":false,"SUGG_EXP_ID":"","PSUGGEST_TOKEN":null,"SEARCHBOX_BEHAVIOR_EXPERIMENT":"zero-prefix","SEARCHBOX_ENABLE_REFINEMENT_SUGGEST":true,"REQUEST_DOMAIN":"de","PQ":"","SESSION_INDEX":null,"IS_POLYMER":true,"REQUEST_LANGUAGE":"en"},"START_IN_FULL_WINDOW_MODE":false,"PLAYER_JS_URL":"\/yts\/jsbin\/player_ias-vflRtzyEV\/en_US\/base.js","GOOGLE_FEEDBACK_PRODUCT_DATA":{"polymer":"active","accept_language":"en-US,en;q=0.9"},"CHANNEL_DEFAULT_BANNER":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190218175912\/https:\/\/s.ytimg.com\/yts\/img\/channels\/c4\/default_banner-vfl7DRgTn.png","REUSE_COMPONENTS":true,"NO_EMPTY_DATA_IMG":true,"SIGNIN_URL":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190218175912\/https:\/\/accounts.google.com\/ServiceLogin?uilel=3\u0026service=youtube\u0026continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Ffeature%3D__FEATURE__%26hl%3Den%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26next%3D%252Ffeed%252Fhistory%26app%3Ddesktop\u0026hl=en\u0026passive=true","GOOGLE_FEEDBACK_PRODUCT_ID":"59","VISITOR_DATA":"CgstZUpCNTFVRXlyYyjw5KvjBQ%3D%3D","ID_TOKEN":null,"INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME":1,"HTML_DIR":"ltr","XSRF_FIELD_NAME":"session_token","ZWIEBACK_PING_URLS":["https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190218175912\/https:\/\/www.google.com\/pagead\/lvz?pg=feed\u0026req_ts=1550512752\u0026evtid=AP6uYybtqd2mGfaKXEWbF6jUemjid0zNBN2BpFdvjGI3Ovk-dAqGOsiva-r-h38E8wwsVq_vboTFsYcDvrjAG1oVLNQJ-XrA2g\u0026sigh=AJ7yOszHBYMXSeSrDfz-Pncow3pdn7Elvg"],"LANGUAGE":"English","ENABLE_ELEMENT_POOL_AUTO_ABORT":true,"MINIPLAYER_ENABLED":true,"LATEST_ECATCHER_SERVICE_TRACKING_PARAMS":{"client.name":"WEB"},"EVENT_ID":"cPJqXKDYCdXlkgaahKYo","WELCOME_POPUP_ENABLED_END":null,"ROOT_VE_TYPE":3945,"SBOX_JS_URL":"\/yts\/jsbin\/www-searchbox-vfloBVOwm\/www-searchbox.js","LOGGED_IN":false,"SERVICE_WORKER_PROMPT_NOTIFICATIONS":false,"PAGE_CL":233770365,"VARIANTS_CHECKSUM":"b9f6854c00eb4a7c2422be0740a41a64","ONE_PICK_URL":"","COUNTRY":"Germany","INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION":"2.20190213","START_IN_THEATER_MODE":false,"YTR_FAMILY_CREATION_URL":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190218175912\/https:\/\/families.google.com\/webcreation?usegapi=1","DISABLE_DATA_REPLAY":false,"XSRF_TOKEN":"QUFFLUhqbk00MnVEdjJ5WTEwcHI0SER0SWxzLTJQa2tmd3xBQ3Jtc0tsZDhvVWhZYWFMemk4cDhlOVRILUg1cDZjRWUzWFN3YW5kcmdvSkhwNXRqSEJkS093dXo0RVQ1ZC12T3loWFQ0WGJvWUxIMzlkcUx2OVY0T2FENEJQZXBHeFF5bFhHTVA3cHJ6c1VSS0ZmR3NvVVhka2gwZi1JR1dwMU5mMXp1MHJGTDZRWFhEVWg2OFZKSmVHX2ZEaXVDYnI4dmc=","DISABLE_YT_IMG_DELAY_LOADING":false,"PLAYER_CSS_URL":"\/yts\/cssbin\/player-vfl6PEqvQ\/www-player-webp.css","DISABLE_WARM_LOADS":false,"INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_GL":"DE","CLIENT_PROTOCOL":"HTTP\/1.1","HTML_LANG":"en","ENABLE_ELEMENT_POOL_POPULATOR":true,"PAGE_BUILD_LABEL":"youtube.ytfe.desktop_20190212_3_RC1","ENABLE_IMG_TRANSITION":false,"DEFERRED_DETACH":true,"STAMPER_STABLE_LIST":true,"SESSION_INDEX":null,"IS_TABLET":false,"VISIBILITY_TIME_BETWEEN_JOBS_MS":100,"GAPI_HOST":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190218175912\/https:\/\/apis.google.com","CLIENT_TRANSPORT":"tcp","INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_HL":"en","UPLOAD_BTN_CLICKTRACKING":"ei=cPJqXKDYCdXlkgaahKYo\u0026feature=mhsb","USE_CUSTOM_CONTROLS":false,"RECORD_LONG_TASKS":false,"ASYNC_WATCH":true});ytcfg.set("SBOX_LABELS", {"SUGGESTION_DISMISS_LABEL":"Remove","SUGGESTION_DISMISSED_LABEL":"Suggestion removed"});var setMessage = function(msg) {if (window.yt && yt.setMsg) {yt.setMsg(msg);} else {window.ytcfg = window.ytcfg || {};ytcfg.msgs = msg;}};setMessage({'SIGN_IN_LABEL': "Sign in",'SHARE_LABEL': "Share",'GUIDE_ALT_LABEL': "Guide",'LOGO_ALT_LABEL': "YouTube Home",'BACK_ALT_LABEL': "Back",'CHOOSE_COUNTRY_LABEL': "Choose your location",'COUNTRY_LABEL': "Location:",'CHOOSE_LANGUAGE_LABEL': "Choose your language",'LANGUAGE_LABEL': "Language:",'OFF': "Off",'ON': "On",'RESTRICTED_MODE_LABEL': "Restricted Mode:",'RESTRICTED_MODE_TEXT_LINE_1': "Restricted Mode hides videos that may contain inappropriate content flagged by users and other signals. No filter is 100% accurate, but it should help you avoid most inappropriate content.",'RESTRICTED_MODE_TEXT_LINE_2': "Your Restricted Mode setting will apply to this browser only.",'RESTRICTED_MODE_TITLE': "Restricted Mode",'SBOX_PLACEHOLDER': "Search",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_PROMPT': "Report search predictions",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_TITLE': "Report search predictions",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_SUGGESTIONS': "Select predictions you would like to report:",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_CATEGORY': "The selected predictions are:",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_HATEFUL': "Hateful",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_EXPLICIT': "Sexually explicit",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_VIOLENT': "Violent",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_DANGEROUS': "Dangerous and harmful activity",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_OTHER': "Other",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_REASON': "Reason (required)",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_ADDITIONAL': "Provide additional details (optional)",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_SUBMIT': "Submit",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_REPORT': "Report",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_CANCEL': "Cancel",'SBOX_INAPPROPRIATE_TOAST': "Thanks for your feedback!",'CLASSIC_YOUTUBE_LABEL': "Restore old YouTube",'ADD_TO_DROPDOWN_LABEL': "Save to...",'REQUIRED_LABEL': "Required",'NO_ANGLE_BRACKET_LABEL': "Cannot contain \u003c or \u003e",'EDIT_AVATAR_LABEL': "Edit channel icon",'AD_BADGE_TEXT': "Ad",'EDU_GOT_IT': "Got It",'MINIPLAYER_EDU_TITLE': "Keep watching while you browse",'MINIPLAYER_EDU_TEXT': "You can turn off this miniplayer in Settings",'MINIPLAYER_EDU_SETTINGS': "Settings",'NEXT_UP_NEXT_EDU_TITLE': "Control what video to play next",'NEXT_UP_NEXT_EDU_TEXT': "Click the ⋮ icon on any video to try it out.\n",'SUBS_FILTER_EDU_TEXT': "See new videos from each channel",'SUBS_GUIDE_ITEM_EDU_TEXT': "See new videos from all of your subscriptions",'SUBS_FILTER_EDU_CHANNEL_TEXT': "Now showing new videos from this channel.",'LIBRARY_GUIDE_ITEM_EDU_TITLE': "Check out your new Library",'LIBRARY_GUIDE_ITEM_EDU_TEXT': "Find your history, playlists, purchases, and more",'MENTIONS_EDU_TITLE': "Learn more",'MENTIONS_EDU_TEXT': "Go to the Help Center to see how mentions work on YouTube.",'EXPLORE_EDU_TEXT': "New! More ways to find great videos, channels and topics",'LS_LOADING_STANDARD': "Loading standard view",'LS_LOAD_HTML': "\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/feed\/history?dp_lcl=1\u0026amp;disable_polymer=1\"\u003eLoad basic HTML\u003c\/a\u003e (for slow connections)\n",'LS_HOLD_ON': "Loading YouTube is taking longer than expected. Hold on ...",'LS_TIMED_OUT': "Something is wrong, it usually doesn’t take this long. You can continue to wait or click \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/feed\/history?pbjreload=10\"\u003ehere\u003c\/a\u003e to reload the page.\n",'JOIN_MEMBERSHIP_EDU_TITLE': "Membership",'JOIN_MEMBERSHIP_EDU_TEXT': "Get exclusive perks when you purchase a membership to this channel.",'MANAGE_MEMBERSHIP_EDU_TITLE': "See your members-only perks",'MANAGE_MEMBERSHIP_EDU_TEXT': "Access your benefits and manage your membership from here."});})();ytcfg.set('MENTIONS_EDU_HELP_LINK', "https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190218175912\/https:\/\/support.google.com\/youtube\/?p=creator_community");ytcfg.set('scheduler', {useRaf: true, timeout: 20});ytcfg.set('initialInnerWidth', window.innerWidth);ytcfg.set('initialInnerHeight', window.innerHeight);ytcfg.set("YTO_CKEE_ENABLED", {"guide":false,"wax_on":true,"crane_kick":true});ytcfg.set("YTO_CKEE_VIDEOS", ["1Aoc-cd9eYs","1jTy2VMqaM4","81XSlh_UKJg","9S9ydLeG-Lw","9z1nTwP2n0w","Anw5KRS2bjs","EsXRIHhAo5M","MfePCtYUy1g","NujGR1l9hAc","XPRNwg7KNos","_COmckF6OxE","_rB36UGoP4Y","aDTUH8VkhVE","c1z7iLlFu9E","d2_2oCRPrjM","hkwDj6A1oNk","iIaVdlcDRA0","l2t7qNQBthk","nrc-fRMHvBM","vNgbK85d0ZM","xCwwxNbtK6Y","xLtYmhj-0Kg","yO-hXXhYVkc"]);ytcfg.set("YTO_CKEE_FRAMERATE", 301);ytcfg.set("YTO_CKEE_SEEK_THRESHOLD", 0.5);window.ytcfg.set('COLD_LOADED_PAGE', 'feed');window.ytcfg.set('LINK_API_KEY', "AIzaSyDophAQuyyiBr8h0nypEwXUKozH-BEswD0");window.ytcfg.set('LINK_OIS_DOMAIN', "oauthintegrations.googleapis.com");if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("lpcf", null, '');}</script> <script src="/web/20190218175912js_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/scheduler-vflLmoSIG/scheduler.js" type="text/javascript" name="scheduler/scheduler"></script> <script src="/web/20190218175912js_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/www-tampering-vflBFV4ow/www-tampering.js" type="text/javascript" name="www-tampering/www-tampering"></script> <script src="/web/20190218175912js_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/spf-vflhSOzLf/spf.js" type="text/javascript" name="spf/spf"></script> <script src="/web/20190218175912js_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/network-vflNZTggj/network.js" type="text/javascript" name="network/network"></script> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("csl", null, '');}</script> <style name="www-roboto">@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Regular'),local('Roboto-Regular'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu72xKOzY.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0460-052F,U+1C80-1C88,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Regular'),local('Roboto-Regular'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu5mxKOzY.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Regular'),local('Roboto-Regular'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu7mxKOzY.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+1F00-1FFF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Regular'),local('Roboto-Regular'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4WxKOzY.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0370-03FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Regular'),local('Roboto-Regular'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu7WxKOzY.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Regular'),local('Roboto-Regular'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu7GxKOzY.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0100-024F,U+0259,U+1E00-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Regular'),local('Roboto-Regular'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxK.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Italic'),local('Roboto-Italic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xFIzIFKw.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0460-052F,U+1C80-1C88,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Italic'),local('Roboto-Italic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xMIzIFKw.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Italic'),local('Roboto-Italic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xEIzIFKw.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+1F00-1FFF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Italic'),local('Roboto-Italic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xLIzIFKw.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0370-03FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Italic'),local('Roboto-Italic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xHIzIFKw.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Italic'),local('Roboto-Italic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xGIzIFKw.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0100-024F,U+0259,U+1E00-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Roboto Italic'),local('Roboto-Italic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xIIzI.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium Italic'),local('Roboto-MediumItalic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51S7ACc3CsTKlA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0460-052F,U+1C80-1C88,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium Italic'),local('Roboto-MediumItalic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51S7ACc-CsTKlA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium Italic'),local('Roboto-MediumItalic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51S7ACc2CsTKlA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+1F00-1FFF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium Italic'),local('Roboto-MediumItalic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51S7ACc5CsTKlA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0370-03FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium Italic'),local('Roboto-MediumItalic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51S7ACc1CsTKlA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium Italic'),local('Roboto-MediumItalic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51S7ACc0CsTKlA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0100-024F,U+0259,U+1E00-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium Italic'),local('Roboto-MediumItalic'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51S7ACc6CsQ.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium'),local('Roboto-Medium'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fCRc4EsA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0460-052F,U+1C80-1C88,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium'),local('Roboto-Medium'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fABc4EsA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium'),local('Roboto-Medium'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fCBc4EsA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+1F00-1FFF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium'),local('Roboto-Medium'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBxc4EsA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0370-03FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium'),local('Roboto-Medium'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fCxc4EsA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium'),local('Roboto-Medium'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fChc4EsA.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0100-024F,U+0259,U+1E00-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF;}@font-face{font-family:'Roboto';font-style:normal;font-weight:500;src:local('Roboto Medium'),local('Roboto-Medium'),url(//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912im_/https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBBc4.woff2)format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD;}</style><script name="www-roboto">if (document.fonts && document.fonts.load) {document.fonts.load("400 10pt Roboto", "E");document.fonts.load("500 10pt Roboto", "E");}</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20190218175912cs_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/cssbin/www-onepick-webp-vflsYL2Tr.css" name="www-onepick"><style name="global_styles">html[hide-scrollbar]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}html[hide-scrollbar]{width:100%;height:100%;overflow-x:hidden}html[fullscreen]{overflow:hidden}body{padding:0;margin:0;overflow-y:scroll}body.autoscroll{overflow-y:auto}body.no-scroll{overflow:hidden}body.no-y-scroll{overflow-y:hidden}html[fullscreen] body{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0}.hidden{display:none}textarea{--paper-input-container-input_-_white-space:pre-wrap}.ytd-hidden-scrollbar-measurer::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><style name="masthead_shell">ytd-masthead.shell{background:#fff;position:fixed;top:0;right:0;left:0;display:-ms-flex;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;height:56px;-ms-flex-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;align-items:center}ytd-masthead.shell #menu-icon{margin-left:16px}ytd-app>ytd-masthead.chunked{position:fixed;top:0;width:100%}ytd-masthead.shell.dark,ytd-masthead.shell.theater{background:#232323}ytd-masthead.shell.full-window-mode{background:#232323;opacity:0;transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 5px))}ytd-masthead.shell>*:first-child{padding-left:16px}ytd-masthead.shell>*:last-child{padding-right:16px}ytd-masthead #masthead-logo{display:-ms-flex;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex}ytd-masthead #masthead-logo #country-code{margin-right:2px}ytd-masthead.shell #yt-logo-svg,ytd-masthead.shell #yt-logo-red-svg{align-self:center;margin-left:8px;padding:0;color:black}ytd-masthead.shell #a11y-skip-nav{display:none}ytd-masthead.shell svg{width:40px;height:40px;padding:8px;margin-right:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:rgba(17,17,17,.4);fill:currentColor}ytd-masthead .external-icon{width:24px;height:24px}ytd-masthead .yt-icons-ext{fill:currentColor;color:rgba(17,17,17,.4)}ytd-masthead.shell.dark .yt-icons-ext ytd-masthead.shell.theater .yt-icons-ext{fill:#fff}ytd-masthead svg#yt-logo-svg{width:80px}ytd-masthead svg#yt-logo-red-svg{width:106.4px}ytd-app>#drop-shadow{pointer-events:none;box-shadow:inset 0 4px 8px -3px rgba(17,17,17,.06);height:8px;position:fixed;top:56px;width:100%;z-index:2}@media (max-width:656px){ytd-masthead.shell>*:first-child{padding-left:8px}ytd-masthead.shell>*:last-child{padding-right:8px}ytd-masthead.shell svg{margin-right:0}ytd-masthead #masthead-logo{-ms-flex:1 1 .000000001px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;-webkit-flex-basis:.000000001px;flex-basis:.000000001px}ytd-masthead.shell #yt-logo-svg,ytd-masthead.shell #yt-logo-red-svg{margin-left:4px}}@media (min-width:876px){ytd-masthead #masthead-logo{width:129px}}#masthead-skeleton-icons{display:flex;flex:1;flex-direction:row;justify-content:flex-end}ytd-masthead.masthead-finish #masthead-skeleton-icons{display:none}.masthead-skeleton-icon{border-radius:50%;height:32px;width:32px;margin:0 8px;background-color:hsl(0,0%,89%)}ytd-masthead.dark .masthead-skeleton-icon{background-color:hsl(0,0%,16%)}</style><style name="masthead_custom_styles" is="custom-style" id="ext-styles">ytd-masthead .yt-icons-ext{color:var(--yt-swatch-text)}ytd-masthead svg#yt-logo-svg #youtube-paths path,ytd-masthead svg#yt-logo-red-svg #youtube-red-paths path{fill:var(--yt-swatch-logo-override,#282828)}ytd-masthead.dark svg#yt-logo-svg #youtube-paths path,ytd-masthead.dark svg#yt-logo-red-svg #youtube-red-paths path,ytd-masthead.theater svg#yt-logo-svg #youtube-paths path,ytd-masthead.theater svg#yt-logo-red-svg #youtube-red-paths path{fill:var(--yt-swatch-logo-override,#fff)}</style><style name="searchbox">#search-input.ytd-searchbox-spt input{-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;background-color:transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;color:inherit;font-family:'Roboto','Noto',sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;line-height:24px;margin-left:4px;max-width:100%;outline:none;text-align:inherit;width:100%;-ms-flex:1 1 .000000001px;-webkit-flex:1;flex:1;-webkit-flex-basis:.000000001px;flex-basis:.000000001px}#search-container.ytd-searchbox-spt{pointer-events:none;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}#search-input.ytd-searchbox-spt #search::-webkit-input-placeholder,#search-input.ytd-searchbox-spt #search::-moz-input-placeholder,#search-input.ytd-searchbox-spt #search:-ms-input-placeholder{color:hsl(0,0%,53.3%)}</style><style name="emergencycssformatted">#a11y-skip-nav { display: none !important } #watch-page-skeleton #related { display: none } [dark] ytd-menu-popup-tip-renderer { color: #FFFFFF; } .yt-simple-endpoint { text-decoration: none } ytd-playlist-panel-video-renderer { display: flex; min-height: 56px; padding: 4px 8px 4px 0 } #guide-inner-content:hover { overflow-y: auto }</style><style name="emergencycss">.ytp-player-minimized .ad-container-single-media-element-annotations { display: block; } ytd-watch-flexy { min-width: 0; } ytd-watch-flexy[flexy_] #primary.ytd-watch-flexy { min-width: calc(var(--ytd-watch-flexy-min-player-height) * (var(--ytd-watch-flexy-width-ratio) / var(--ytd-watch-flexy-height-ratio))); } ytd-watch-flexy[flexy_] #secondary.ytd-watch-flexy { min-width: 300px; } ytd-live-chat-frame[collapsed] { height: auto !important; } ytd-live-chat-frame[collapsed] iframe.ytd-live-chat-frame { height: 0; max-height: 0; }</style><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/opensearch?locale=en_US" title="YouTube"><link rel="manifest" href="/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/manifest.json"></head><body dir="ltr"><script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("bs", null, '');}ytcfg.set('initialBodyClientWidth', document.body.clientWidth);window.ytcfg.set('SERVICE_WORKER_KILLSWITCH', false);</script> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("ai", null, '');}</script> <style> #logo-red-icon-container.ytd-topbar-logo-renderer { width: 86px; } </style> <ytd-app> <ytd-masthead id="masthead" slot="masthead" class="shell "><div id="search-container" class="ytd-searchbox-spt" slot="search-container"></div><div id="search-input" class="ytd-searchbox-spt" slot="search-input"><input id="search" autocapitalize="none" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" hidden name="search_query" tabindex="0" type="text" spellcheck="false"></div><svg id="menu-icon" class="external-icon" preserveaspectratio="xMidYMid meet"><g id="menu" class="yt-icons-ext" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z"/></g></svg><div id="masthead-logo" slot="masthead-logo"> <div style="display: flex;"> <svg id="yt-logo-svg" class="external-icon" viewbox="0 0 200 60"> <g id="yt-logo" viewbox="0 0 200 60" preserveaspectratio="xMidYMid meet"> <g> <path fill="#FF0000" d="M63,14.87c-0.72-2.7-2.85-4.83-5.56-5.56C52.54,8,32.88,8,32.88,8S13.23,8,8.32,9.31 c-2.7,0.72-4.83,2.85-5.56,5.56C1.45,19.77,1.45,30,1.45,30s0,10.23,1.31,15.13c0.72,2.7,2.85,4.83,5.56,5.56 C13.23,52,32.88,52,32.88,52s19.66,0,24.56-1.31c2.7-0.72,4.83-2.85,5.56-5.56C64.31,40.23,64.31,30,64.31,30 S64.31,19.77,63,14.87z"/> <polygon fill="#FFFFFF" points="26.6,39.43 42.93,30 26.6,20.57"/> </g> <g> <g id="youtube-paths"> <path fill="#282828" d="M92.69,48.03c-1.24-0.84-2.13-2.14-2.65-3.91c-0.52-1.77-0.79-4.12-0.79-7.06v-4 c0-2.97,0.3-5.35,0.9-7.15c0.6-1.8,1.54-3.11,2.81-3.93c1.27-0.82,2.94-1.24,5.01-1.24c2.04,0,3.67,0.42,4.9,1.26 c1.23,0.84,2.13,2.15,2.7,3.93c0.57,1.78,0.85,4.16,0.85,7.12v4c0,2.94-0.28,5.3-0.83,7.08c-0.55,1.78-1.45,3.09-2.7,3.91 c-1.24,0.82-2.93,1.24-5.06,1.24C95.65,49.29,93.93,48.87,92.69,48.03z M99.66,43.71c0.34-0.9,0.52-2.37,0.52-4.4v-8.59 c0-1.98-0.17-3.42-0.52-4.34c-0.34-0.91-0.95-1.37-1.82-1.37c-0.84,0-1.43,0.46-1.78,1.37c-0.34,0.91-0.52,2.36-0.52,4.34v8.59 c0,2.04,0.16,3.51,0.49,4.4c0.33,0.9,0.93,1.35,1.8,1.35C98.71,45.06,99.31,44.61,99.66,43.71z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M188.16,37.13v1.39c0,1.77,0.05,3.09,0.16,3.98c0.1,0.88,0.32,1.53,0.65,1.93 c0.33,0.4,0.84,0.61,1.53,0.61c0.93,0,1.57-0.36,1.91-1.08c0.34-0.72,0.53-1.92,0.56-3.6l5.35,0.31 c0.03,0.24,0.04,0.57,0.04,0.99c0,2.55-0.7,4.45-2.09,5.71c-1.39,1.26-3.36,1.89-5.91,1.89c-3.06,0-5.2-0.96-6.43-2.88 c-1.23-1.92-1.84-4.88-1.84-8.9v-4.81c0-4.14,0.64-7.15,1.91-9.06c1.27-1.9,3.45-2.85,6.54-2.85c2.13,0,3.76,0.39,4.9,1.17 c1.14,0.78,1.94,1.99,2.41,3.64c0.46,1.65,0.7,3.93,0.7,6.83v4.72H188.16z M188.95,25.53c-0.31,0.39-0.52,1.03-0.63,1.91 c-0.11,0.88-0.16,2.23-0.16,4.02v1.98h4.54v-1.98c0-1.77-0.06-3.11-0.18-4.02c-0.12-0.91-0.34-1.56-0.65-1.93 c-0.31-0.37-0.8-0.56-1.46-0.56C189.75,24.94,189.26,25.14,188.95,25.53z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M77.59,36.61l-7.06-25.49h6.16l2.47,11.55c0.63,2.85,1.09,5.27,1.39,7.28h0.18 c0.21-1.44,0.67-3.85,1.39-7.24l2.56-11.6h6.16L83.7,36.61v12.23h-6.11V36.61z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M126.45,21.28v27.55h-4.85l-0.54-3.37h-0.13c-1.32,2.55-3.3,3.82-5.93,3.82c-1.83,0-3.18-0.6-4.05-1.8 c-0.87-1.2-1.3-3.07-1.3-5.62V21.28h6.2v20.23c0,1.23,0.13,2.11,0.4,2.63c0.27,0.52,0.72,0.79,1.35,0.79 c0.54,0,1.06-0.16,1.55-0.49c0.49-0.33,0.86-0.75,1.1-1.26V21.28H126.45z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M158.27,21.28v27.55h-4.85l-0.54-3.37h-0.13c-1.32,2.55-3.3,3.82-5.93,3.82c-1.83,0-3.18-0.6-4.05-1.8 c-0.87-1.2-1.3-3.07-1.3-5.62V21.28h6.2v20.23c0,1.23,0.13,2.11,0.4,2.63c0.27,0.52,0.72,0.79,1.35,0.79 c0.54,0,1.06-0.16,1.55-0.49c0.49-0.33,0.86-0.75,1.1-1.26V21.28H158.27z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M143.31,16.11h-6.16v32.72h-6.07V16.11h-6.16v-4.99h18.38V16.11z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M178.8,25.69c-0.38-1.74-0.98-3-1.82-3.78c-0.84-0.78-1.99-1.17-3.46-1.17c-1.14,0-2.2,0.32-3.19,0.97 c-0.99,0.64-1.75,1.49-2.29,2.54h-0.05l0-14.52h-5.98v39.11h5.12l0.63-2.61h0.13c0.48,0.93,1.2,1.66,2.16,2.2 c0.96,0.54,2.02,0.81,3.19,0.81c2.1,0,3.64-0.97,4.63-2.9c0.99-1.93,1.48-4.95,1.48-9.06v-4.36 C179.36,29.84,179.17,27.43,178.8,25.69z M173.11,36.93c0,2.01-0.08,3.58-0.25,4.72c-0.16,1.14-0.44,1.95-0.83,2.43 c-0.39,0.48-0.91,0.72-1.57,0.72c-0.51,0-0.98-0.12-1.42-0.36c-0.43-0.24-0.79-0.6-1.06-1.08V27.71 c0.21-0.75,0.57-1.36,1.08-1.84c0.51-0.48,1.06-0.72,1.66-0.72c0.63,0,1.12,0.25,1.46,0.74c0.34,0.49,0.58,1.33,0.72,2.49 c0.13,1.17,0.2,2.83,0.2,4.99V36.93z"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div style="display: none;"> <svg id="yt-logo-red-svg" class="external-icon" viewbox="0 0 98 24" style="width:86px;"> <g id="yt-logo-red" viewbox="0 0 98 24" preserveaspectratio="xMidYMid meet"> <g> <path fill="#FF0000" d="M28.4,5.12c-0.34-1.24-1.31-2.2-2.55-2.52C23.62,2,14.68,2,14.68,2S5.75,2,3.52,2.6 C2.29,2.93,1.33,3.89,1,5.12C0.59,7.39,0.39,9.69,0.4,12c-0.01,2.31,0.19,4.61,0.6,6.88c0.33,1.23,1.29,2.19,2.52,2.52 C5.75,22,14.68,22,14.68,22s8.93,0,11.16-0.6c1.24-0.32,2.22-1.28,2.56-2.52c0.41-2.27,0.61-4.57,0.6-6.88 C29.01,9.69,28.81,7.39,28.4,5.12z"/> <polygon fill="#FFFFFF" points="11.83,16.29 19.25,12 11.83,7.71"/> </g> <g id="youtube-red-paths"> <path fill="#282828" d="M41.67,8.35V9c0,3.45-1.53,5.48-4.88,5.48h-0.51v6h-2.74V3.42h3.49C40.22,3.42,41.67,4.77,41.67,8.35z M38.79,8.6c0-2.49-0.45-3.09-2-3.09h-0.51v7h0.47c1.47,0,2-1.06,2-3.37L38.79,8.6z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M48.14,7.83L48,11.08c-1.17-0.24-2.13-0.08-2.6,0.69v8.78h-2.67V8h2.17l0.24,2.71h0.1c0.28-2,1.2-3,2.39-3 C47.8,7.73,47.98,7.77,48.14,7.83z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M51.27,15.25v0.63c0,2.21,0.12,3,1.06,3s1.1-0.69,1.12-2.12l2.43,0.14c0.18,2.7-1.23,3.9-3.61,3.9 c-2.9,0-3.76-1.9-3.76-5.35v-2.23c0-3.64,1-5.41,3.84-5.41s3.64,1.51,3.64,5.29v2.15H51.27z M51.27,12.67v0.9h2.06v-0.89 c0-2.3-0.16-3-1-3s-1,0.67-1,3L51.27,12.67z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M70.02,11.1v9.46H67.2v-9.25c0-1-0.27-1.53-0.88-1.53c-0.54,0.02-1.02,0.34-1.25,0.82 c0.01,0.17,0.01,0.34,0,0.51v9.46h-2.79v-9.26c0-1-0.27-1.53-0.88-1.53c-0.53,0.02-1,0.33-1.23,0.8v10H57.4V8h2.23l0.25,1.59l0,0 c0.51-1.12,1.63-1.85,2.86-1.86c1.05-0.07,1.98,0.67,2.16,1.7c0.55-1.01,1.61-1.65,2.76-1.66C69.4,7.78,70.02,9,70.02,11.1z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M71.4,4.83c0-1.35,0.49-1.74,1.53-1.74s1.53,0.45,1.53,1.74s-0.47,1.74-1.53,1.74S71.4,6.22,71.4,4.83z M71.59,8h2.7v12.56h-2.7V8z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M83.5,8v12.56h-2.2L81.05,19h-0.06c-0.46,1.08-1.53,1.77-2.7,1.74c-1.67,0-2.43-1.06-2.43-3.37V8h2.82 v9.19c0,1.1,0.23,1.55,0.8,1.55c0.52-0.02,0.98-0.33,1.2-0.8V8H83.5z"/> <path fill="#282828" d="M97.8,11.1v9.46h-2.82v-9.25c0-1-0.27-1.53-0.88-1.53c-0.54,0.02-1.02,0.34-1.25,0.82 c0.01,0.17,0.01,0.34,0,0.51v9.46h-2.79v-9.26c0-1-0.27-1.53-0.88-1.53c-0.53,0.02-1,0.33-1.23,0.8v10h-2.81V8h2.26l0.24,1.59l0,0 c0.51-1.12,1.63-1.85,2.86-1.86c1.04-0.07,1.97,0.64,2.17,1.66c0.55-0.99,1.6-1.61,2.73-1.62C97.15,7.78,97.8,9,97.8,11.1z"/> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <span id="country-code"></span></div><div id="masthead-skeleton-icons" slot="masthead-skeleton"><div class="masthead-skeleton-icon"></div><div class="masthead-skeleton-icon"></div><div class="masthead-skeleton-icon"></div><div class="masthead-skeleton-icon"></div></div></ytd-masthead><div id="drop-shadow"></div> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/yt/about/" style="display: none;">About</a> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/yt/press/" style="display: none;">Press</a> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/yt/copyright/" style="display: none;">Copyright</a> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/t/contact_us" style="display: none;">Contact us</a> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/yt/creators/" style="display: none;">Creators</a> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/yt/advertise/" style="display: none;">Advertise</a> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/yt/dev/" style="display: none;">Developers</a> <a slot="guide-links-primary" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/t/impressum?hl=de&gl=DE" dir="ltr" style="display: none">Impressum</a> <a slot="guide-links-secondary" href="/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/t/terms" style="display: none;">Terms</a> <a slot="guide-links-secondary" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/" style="display: none;">Privacy</a> <a slot="guide-links-secondary" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/yt/policyandsafety/" style="display: none;">Policy & Safety</a> <a slot="guide-links-secondary" href="/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/testtube" style="display: none;">Test new features</a> <div id="vat-notice" slot="vat-notice" style="display: none;"> <div dir="ltr">All prices include VAT</div> </div> <div id="copyright" slot="copyright" style="display: none;"> <div dir="ltr" style="display:inline">© 2019 YouTube, LLC</div> </div> </ytd-app> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("nc_pj", null, '');}</script> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("rsbe_dpj", null, '');}</script> <script src="/web/20190218175912js_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/desktop_polymer-vfl7NmEYI/desktop_polymer.js" type="text/javascript" name="desktop_polymer/desktop_polymer"></script> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("rsae_dpj", null, '');}</script> <script> if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("ac", null, '');} var onPolymerReady = function(e) { window.removeEventListener('script-load-dpj', onPolymerReady); if (!Polymer.Element) { // TODO(b/109936521): Cleanup. Polymer.RenderStatus._makeReady(); } if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("apr", null, '');} } if (window.Polymer && Polymer.RenderStatus) { // Will be the case if loading synchronously the // static_content_bundle.POLYMER_JS above. onPolymerReady(); } else { // Fallback, using polymer js load event as an indicator of Polymer ready. // script-load-dpj is triggered by the script.onload call once the polymer // desktop js binary is loaded. // (cf post_polyfill_js_binary in static_content.spt) window.addEventListener('script-load-dpj', onPolymerReady); } </script>  <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("pdc", null, '');}</script> <script> window["ytInitialData"] = {"responseContext":{"serviceTrackingParams":[{"service":"GUIDED_HELP","params":[{"key":"context","value":"yt_web_kevlar_history"},{"key":"logged_in","value":"0"}]},{"service":"GFEEDBACK","params":[{"key":"context","value":"yt_web_kevlar_history"},{"key":"browse_id","value":"FEhistory"},{"key":"e","value":"23710476,23733013,23736685,23744176,23751767,23752869,23755886,23755898,23758087,23759539,23760462,23760558,23761607,23762649,23767634,23774273,23777631,23778936,23780479,23780598,23783316,23783369,23783454,23784101,23785334,23786264,23786533,23787228,23788364,23788851,23789422,23789671,23789881,23790739,23793330,23795144,23795276,23795814,9405964,9449243,9450138,9460516,9471235,9474358"},{"key":"logged_in","value":"0"},{"key":"pn","value":"feed"}]},{"service":"CSI","params":[{"key":"yt_fn","value":"history"},{"key":"GetBrowse_rid","value":"0x1a4c9ddc0f7c67ca"},{"key":"c","value":"WEB"},{"key":"cver","value":"2.20190213"},{"key":"yt_li","value":"0"}]},{"service":"ECATCHER","params":[{"key":"client.name","value":"WEB"},{"key":"client.version","value":"2.20190213"},{"key":"innertube.build.changelist","value":"233723759"},{"key":"innertube.build.experiments.source_version","value":"234231954"},{"key":"innertube.build.label","value":"youtube.ytfe.innertube_20190212_3_RC1"},{"key":"innertube.build.timestamp","value":"1550058450"},{"key":"innertube.build.variants.checksum","value":"b9f6854c00eb4a7c2422be0740a41a64"},{"key":"innertube.run.job","value":"ytfe-innertube-replica-only.ytfe"}]}],"maxAgeSeconds":0,"webResponseContextExtensionData":{"ytConfigData":{"csn":"cPJqXKDYCdXlkgaahKYo","visitorData":"CgstZUpCNTFVRXlyYyjw5KvjBQ%3D%3D","rootVisualElementType":3945},"feedbackDialog":{"polymerOptOutFeedbackDialogRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"We're sorry to see you go!"},"subtitle":{"runs":[{"text":"Please tell us why. Your feedback helps us improve YouTube. Remember, you can always return to the new design by going to "},{"text":"youtube.com/new","navigationEndpoint":{"commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/new"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.youtube.com/new"}}},{"text":"."}]},"options":[{"polymerOptOutFeedbackOptionRenderer":{"optionKey":"missing","description":{"simpleText":"Something is missing"},"responsePlaceholder":{"simpleText":"Tell us more"}}},{"polymerOptOutFeedbackOptionRenderer":{"optionKey":"broken","description":{"simpleText":"Something is broken"},"responsePlaceholder":{"simpleText":"Tell us more"}}},{"polymerOptOutFeedbackOptionRenderer":{"optionKey":"harder","description":{"simpleText":"Something is harder to use"},"responsePlaceholder":{"simpleText":"Tell us more"}}},{"polymerOptOutFeedbackOptionRenderer":{"optionKey":"dislike","description":{"simpleText":"I don't like the new design"},"responsePlaceholder":{"simpleText":"Tell us more"}}},{"polymerOptOutFeedbackOptionRenderer":{"optionKey":"unlisted","description":{"simpleText":"My reason isn't listed"},"responsePlaceholder":{"simpleText":"Tell us more"}}},{"polymerOptOutFeedbackNullOptionRenderer":{"description":{"simpleText":"I prefer not to answer"}}}],"disclaimer":{"runs":[{"text":"Go to the "},{"text":"Legal Help page","navigationEndpoint":{"commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://support.google.com/youtube/bin/answer.py?answer=140536"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://support.google.com/youtube/bin/answer.py?answer=140536"}}},{"text":" to request content changes for legal reasons. Your feedback, additional info, and email will be sent to Google. See "},{"text":"Privacy Policy","navigationEndpoint":{"commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/"}}},{"text":" and "},{"text":"Terms of Service","navigationEndpoint":{"commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.google.com/policies/terms/"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.google.com/policies/terms/"}}},{"text":"."}]},"dismissButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLUE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"text":{"simpleText":"No thanks"}}},"submitButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLUE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":true,"text":{"simpleText":"Submit"}}},"closeButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_DEFAULT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"icon":{"iconType":"CLOSE"}}},"cancelButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLUE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"text":{"simpleText":"Cancel"}}}}}}},"contents":{"twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer":{"secondaryContents":{"browseFeedActionsRenderer":{"contents":[{"subFeedSelectorRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"History type"},"options":[{"subFeedOptionRenderer":{"name":{"simpleText":"Watch history"},"isSelected":true,"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CEYQkZwBGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/feed/history","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE"}},"browseEndpoint":{"browseId":"FEhistory"}},"trackingParams":"CEYQkZwBGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"subFeedOptionRenderer":{"name":{"simpleText":"Search history"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CEUQkZwBGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/feed/history/search_history","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE"}},"browseEndpoint":{"browseId":"FEhistory","params":"Eg5zZWFyY2hfaGlzdG9yeQ%3D%3D"}},"trackingParams":"CEUQkZwBGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"subFeedOptionRenderer":{"name":{"simpleText":"Comments"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CEQQkZwBGAIiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/feed/history/comment_history","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE"}},"browseEndpoint":{"browseId":"FEhistory","params":"Eg9jb21tZW50X2hpc3Rvcnk%3D"}},"trackingParams":"CEQQkZwBGAIiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"subFeedOptionRenderer":{"name":{"simpleText":"Community"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CEMQkZwBGAMiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/feed/history/community_history","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE"}},"browseEndpoint":{"browseId":"FEhistory","params":"EhFjb21tdW5pdHlfaGlzdG9yeQ%3D%3D"}},"trackingParams":"CEMQkZwBGAMiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"subFeedOptionRenderer":{"name":{"simpleText":"Live chat"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CEIQkZwBGAQiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/feed/history/live_chat_history","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE"}},"browseEndpoint":{"browseId":"FEhistory","params":"EhFsaXZlX2NoYXRfaGlzdG9yeQ%3D%3D"}},"trackingParams":"CEIQkZwBGAQiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"trackingParams":"CEEQkJwBGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"buttonRenderer":{"text":{"simpleText":"Clear all watch history"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDsQ8FsYAiITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"ignoreNavigation":true}},"confirmDialogEndpoint":{"content":{"confirmDialogRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"Clear watch history?"},"confirmEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDwQxjgiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"feedbackEndpoint":{"feedbackToken":"AB9zfpIZU3m0kmALKmar8iDQ1TpqfO3ktjV48t5I6vqtpgNJhWnd9nbjWtQ4NUPmNr8pXm3bPOo85WRSZI0HXLEo-FsY3pf9HpLFSQBZLLWmsObt2Ygpa00","uiActions":{"hideEnclosingContainer":false},"actions":[{"openPopupAction":{"popup":{"notificationActionRenderer":{"responseText":{"simpleText":"Watch history cleared"},"trackingParams":"CEAQuWoiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"popupType":"TOAST"}}]}},"trackingParams":"CDwQxjgiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","dialogMessages":[{"simpleText":"Your signed-out YouTube watch history will be cleared from this device, and your video recommendations will be reset."}],"confirmButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLUE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","text":{"simpleText":"CLEAR WATCH HISTORY"},"serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CD4Q8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"feedbackEndpoint":{"feedbackToken":"AB9zfpJz0-szAnU40f5NhdzAM33aKbRJL8h3jrNy-k7_2mGcMt3nQvKFpxHlfEZwDqZJTn1D7BLtHuVg2r1ese0YIeXEsv1G4xNFFT4doGCvtSd53M39VMo","uiActions":{"hideEnclosingContainer":false},"actions":[{"openPopupAction":{"popup":{"notificationActionRenderer":{"responseText":{"simpleText":"Watch history cleared"},"trackingParams":"CD8QuWoiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"popupType":"TOAST"}}]}},"trackingParams":"CD4Q8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"cancelButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","text":{"simpleText":"CANCEL"},"trackingParams":"CD0Q8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}}}}},"trackingParams":"CDsQ8FsYAiITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg=="}},{"buttonRenderer":{"text":{"simpleText":"Pause watch history"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDcQ8FsYAyITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"ignoreNavigation":true}},"confirmDialogEndpoint":{"content":{"confirmDialogRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"Pause watch history?"},"confirmEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDgQxjgiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"feedbackEndpoint":{"feedbackToken":"AB9zfpKlKYFdRHN-DxLzUSZJmrNlRmbKEhFV58TN-SOu40yyPBngI8b06jhAL7Luh5flckrbQaNnUaVA4lP8uEdX1w3PfoHoPvmem9otw8nkOUw6_KS8Dj5Fk893BMCX7v7lWdhMapy18lbF4LPeUTSqBWHgIUjt-_tYepGgVXhAgrET3WEaI9xLL4KL_LUfeY_W8BsxXlaLBJvnrMMylaqUgHh8J5sm6atZ4f5x943ved_XCO2DllfZV2OuN0QOZbD6k3v8RqoklHULiDa_jrQ5Sau_j3sSheAfMKh-pUB9as4qrc5qJ7AZGINz84Us7gHrBD3FdYEv-aZza65CfQYpqMu0U-UTbeqB-GBpSC_Uuqfc_3a4drJj2E4k4zzZm89MMkEPC3Ac6Gtw0hJXKcbG35PCNH4g3JQEpmmlHuY6sW6Zci1crdX4k68DAfIlzonx9C-KHggaf_dtRdMU53IWF0QTIF5om_xHJo40ltkAQEtMHk-mqOmy5pcAfni_KYNb67kJCz622qgUsZqk82b95btQMy3ynzwO_HNTqBPqNQWLg4sPkkmQQv545ZAHyrM1jKLI4VeichQiuHjPzZXCxdU4c0EVCAaCIhOArPbga4FTpO8s_VYe21SJEPsfE2WTIoe11S-tOtZ7m7n1BqBic0A0wKh_zmlYLGwJKQxTcaGCntqwGOrzUX4BstWEg8Bmi5Q45vtD9sh1ou9UoOK52DDyWD-w2bqDXV8r_vlLPf326wFpfhsfTBOvw76hApSssZ_wp__W0DEheA-YN9a9k9fSAtVtZQ","uiActions":{"hideEnclosingContainer":false}}},"trackingParams":"CDgQxjgiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","dialogMessages":[{"simpleText":"Pausing YouTube watch history on this device means you may see fewer recommendations for new videos on YouTube.\n\nRemember, pausing this setting doesn’t delete any previous activity, but you can delete your YouTube watch history data anytime."}],"confirmButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLUE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","text":{"simpleText":"PAUSE"},"serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDoQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"feedbackEndpoint":{"feedbackToken":"AB9zfpKlGAYL7U-Tg7btIYoR9bve8uYzXa4ZJPk9AEoLz2dIPNe_G3by8CZDauIinuZHbILq8H6jzWJala9deIIrCpAwxE5lk2Ydj97GrbIliblMKTvMfwteELJNNSs5t1Vs3KQWE1tElrK4KgyXl_u_JSj2U0IAVdeScAE7pub2kZh6Ga0SyCR-fMN8CrESzoD4JqjFYjbsS9SgUfOI9S2hc2ByRWRfo1-6TrCh_J6dvPF3-3k2koJDVcZp6Lyna4mLWyUyyNKck-eYUqNrPnri8RSPv_lBxzZeHpKAh2qpsD4fMf7NORwa0pYBlhy2HFNBSpiRASSD8uWqcaQ-4dXLkUCWVH4B3xvL-kN25C_-yczTrf_n_XCmbBEzNRhgGpiUMdSBDyO9IcNDfZPa5vE7Zrz40UxeoI1Z6wIyf2dZE2E1z23rk2th3h4cfQRr13lffaR4r8g2JuoGXS6vKpnZZoGU8cvCfk5-8bTQHD5WtFq_5v0a-iG0TxjKkTIDC6LpVOzs4JPo8hcktqZCzQ6rfKY5_QW6pX7EGoq3e4Hq1dCzxMHkxYx9mO4lTRmQod8vDJnCO8cxk-XzYIqaEUv_Ee5Wx-tESUMjVGpBkl4mwksBj5tQ23jj8y-ZWnh8L1z4a6m2Qu8b78p0WjGiNZYWsBb848dwO57RP2d0nASZDdV88UQNNxpQfvcm5dLrWP6ccUYGXkAGHvVwD5U_GoRf6srPXTxAxmMHt6qEc2YWg10cJUFbzDCZBaE6hT2Mn5PWxi_gYqZNAsHN01rD0sP0_JB8nN_iCA","uiActions":{"hideEnclosingContainer":false}}},"trackingParams":"CDoQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"cancelButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","text":{"simpleText":"CANCEL"},"trackingParams":"CDkQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}}}}},"trackingParams":"CDcQ8FsYAyITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg=="}}]}},"tabs":[{"tabRenderer":{"selected":true,"content":{"sectionListRenderer":{"contents":[{"itemSectionRenderer":{"contents":[{"messageRenderer":{"text":{"runs":[{"text":"Watch history isn't viewable when signed out."},{"text":" "},{"text":"Learn more","navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDYQljsYACITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/95725?hl=en"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"//web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/95725?hl=en"}}}]},"trackingParams":"CDYQljsYACITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg=="}}],"trackingParams":"CDUQuy8YACITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg=="}}],"trackingParams":"CDQQui8iEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"tabIdentifier":"FEhistory","trackingParams":"CDMQ8JMBGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}]}},"header":{"feedTabbedHeaderRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"History"}}},"trackingParams":"CAMQhGciEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","topbar":{"desktopTopbarRenderer":{"logo":{"topbarLogoRenderer":{"iconImage":{"iconType":"YOUTUBE_LOGO"},"tooltipText":{"simpleText":"YouTube Home"},"endpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDIQsV4iEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE"}},"browseEndpoint":{"browseId":"FEwhat_to_watch"}},"trackingParams":"CDIQsV4iEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"searchbox":{"fusionSearchboxRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"SEARCH"},"placeholderText":{"simpleText":"Search"},"config":{"webSearchboxConfig":{"requestLanguage":"en","requestDomain":"de","hasOnscreenKeyboard":false,"focusSearchbox":true}},"trackingParams":"CDEQ7VAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","searchEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDEQ7VAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/results?search_query=","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_SEARCH"}},"searchEndpoint":{"query":""}}}},"trackingParams":"CAQQq6wBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","countryCode":"DE","topbarButtons":[{"topbarMenuButtonRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"VIDEO_CALL"},"menuRenderer":{"multiPageMenuRenderer":{"sections":[{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"items":[{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"CREATION_UPLOAD"},"title":{"simpleText":"Upload video"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDAQ898CGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?uilel=3\u0026service=youtube\u0026continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fhl%3Den%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26next%3D%252Fupload%26app%3Ddesktop\u0026hl=en\u0026passive=true"}},"signInEndpoint":{"nextEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CDAQ898CGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/upload"}},"uploadEndpoint":{"hack":true}}}},"trackingParams":"CDAQ898CGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","style":"COMPACT_LINK_STYLE_TYPE_CREATION_MENU"}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"CREATION_LIVE"},"title":{"simpleText":"Go live"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CC8Q9N8CGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?uilel=3\u0026service=youtube\u0026continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fhl%3Den%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26next%3D%252Fwebcam%26app%3Ddesktop\u0026hl=en\u0026passive=true"}},"signInEndpoint":{"nextEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CC8Q9N8CGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/webcam"}},"signalNavigationEndpoint":{"signal":"WEBCAM"}}}},"trackingParams":"CC8Q9N8CGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","style":"COMPACT_LINK_STYLE_TYPE_CREATION_MENU"}}],"trackingParams":"CC4Q968BGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"trackingParams":"CC0Q_6sBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","style":"MULTI_PAGE_MENU_STYLE_TYPE_CREATION"}},"trackingParams":"CCwQ_qsBGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","accessibility":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Create a video or post"}},"tooltip":"Create a video or post","style":"STYLE_DEFAULT"}},{"topbarMenuButtonRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"APPS"},"menuRenderer":{"multiPageMenuRenderer":{"sections":[{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"items":[{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"UNPLUGGED_LOGO"},"title":{"simpleText":"YouTube TV"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCsQ4MUCGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://tv.youtube.com/?utm_source=youtube_web\u0026utm_medium=ep\u0026utm_campaign=home\u0026ve=34273"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://tv.youtube.com/?utm_source=youtube_web\u0026utm_medium=ep\u0026utm_campaign=home\u0026ve=34273","target":"TARGET_NEW_WINDOW"}},"trackingParams":"CCsQ4MUCGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"COLORED_GAMING_LOGO"},"title":{"simpleText":"YouTube Gaming"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCoQ4cUCGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://gaming.youtube.com"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://gaming.youtube.com","target":"TARGET_NEW_WINDOW"}},"trackingParams":"CCoQ4cUCGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"trackingParams":"CCkQ968BGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"items":[{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"YOUTUBE_MUSIC"},"title":{"simpleText":"YouTube Music"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCgQ4sUCGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://music.youtube.com"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://music.youtube.com","target":"TARGET_NEW_WINDOW"}},"trackingParams":"CCgQ4sUCGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"YOUTUBE_KIDS_ROUND"},"title":{"simpleText":"YouTube Kids"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCcQ48UCGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://kids.youtube.com"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://kids.youtube.com","target":"TARGET_NEW_WINDOW"}},"trackingParams":"CCcQ48UCGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"trackingParams":"CCYQ968BGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"items":[{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"YOUTUBE_ROUND"},"title":{"simpleText":"Creator Academy"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCUQ5MUCGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://creatoracademy.youtube.com/page/education?utm_source=YouTube\u0026utm_medium=YT%20Main\u0026utm_campaign=YT%20Appsn"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://creatoracademy.youtube.com/page/education?utm_source=YouTube\u0026utm_medium=YT%20Main\u0026utm_campaign=YT%20Appsn","target":"TARGET_NEW_WINDOW"}},"trackingParams":"CCUQ5MUCGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"YOUTUBE_ROUND"},"title":{"simpleText":"YouTube for Artists"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCQQ5cUCGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://artists.youtube.com/"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://artists.youtube.com/","target":"TARGET_NEW_WINDOW"}},"trackingParams":"CCQQ5cUCGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"trackingParams":"CCMQ968BGAIiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"trackingParams":"CCIQ_6sBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke"}},"trackingParams":"CCEQ_qsBGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","accessibility":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"YouTube apps"}},"tooltip":"YouTube apps","style":"STYLE_DEFAULT"}},{"notificationTopbarButtonRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"CONVERSATIONS"},"menuRequest":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCAQm8gCGAIiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"GET_CONVERSATIONS_MENU"}},"style":"NOTIFICATION_BUTTON_STYLE_TYPE_CONVERSATION_DEFAULT","trackingParams":"CCAQm8gCGAIiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","accessibility":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Messages"}},"tooltip":"Messages","updateUnseenCountEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CCAQm8gCGAIiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"GET_UNSEEN_CONVERSATION_COUNT"}},"notificationCount":0,"handlerDatas":["NOTIFICATION_ACTION_UPDATE_CONVERSATION_UNSEEN_COUNT"]}},{"topbarMenuButtonRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"MORE_VERT"},"menuRenderer":{"multiPageMenuRenderer":{"sections":[{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"items":[{"toggleThemeCompactLinkRenderer":{"primaryIcon":{"iconType":"DARK_THEME"},"secondaryIcon":{"iconType":"CHEVRON_RIGHT"},"toggledOnTitle":{"simpleText":"Dark theme: On"},"toggledOffTitle":{"simpleText":"Dark theme: Off"},"serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CBUQ968BGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"getMultiPageMenuAction":{"menu":{"multiPageMenuRenderer":{"header":{"simpleMenuHeaderRenderer":{"backButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLACK","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"icon":{"iconType":"BACK"},"accessibility":{"label":"Back"},"trackingParams":"CB8Q8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"title":{"simpleText":"Dark theme"}}},"sections":[{"toggleItemRenderer":{"descriptionLines":[{"simpleText":"Dark theme turns the light surfaces of the page dark, creating an experience ideal for night. Try it out!"},{"simpleText":"Your Dark theme setting will apply to this browser only."}],"label":{"simpleText":"Dark theme"},"toggleOnActions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"TOGGLE_DARK_THEME_ON"}}],"toggleOffActions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"TOGGLE_DARK_THEME_OFF"}}],"toggled":false}}],"trackingParams":"CB4Q_6sBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke"}}}}]}}}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"TRANSLATE"},"title":{"simpleText":"Language:"},"trackingParams":"CBoQp0wYASITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","secondaryIcon":{"iconType":"CHEVRON_RIGHT"},"serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CBoQp0wYASITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"getMultiPageMenuAction":{"menu":{"multiPageMenuRenderer":{"header":{"simpleMenuHeaderRenderer":{"backButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLACK","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"icon":{"iconType":"BACK"},"accessibility":{"label":"Back"},"trackingParams":"CB0Q8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"title":{"simpleText":"Choose your language"}}},"sections":[{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"trackingParams":"CBwQ968BGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","webMultiPageMenuSectionRendererExtension":{"hack":true,"page":"languages","inlined":true}}}],"trackingParams":"CBsQ_6sBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke"}}}}]}},"subtitle":{"simpleText":"English"}}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"SETTINGS"},"title":{"simpleText":"Settings"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CBkQp0wYAiITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/account"}},"signalNavigationEndpoint":{"signal":"ACCOUNT_SETTINGS"}},"trackingParams":"CBkQp0wYAiITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg=="}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"HELP"},"title":{"simpleText":"Help"},"trackingParams":"CBgQp0wYAyITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CBgQp0wYAyITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"HELP"}}]}}}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"FEEDBACK"},"title":{"simpleText":"Send feedback"},"trackingParams":"CBcQp0wYBCITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CBcQp0wYBCITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"sendFeedbackAction":{"bucket":"Kevlar"}}]}}}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"icon":{"iconType":"KEYBOARD"},"title":{"simpleText":"Keyboard shortcuts"},"trackingParams":"CBYQp0wYBSITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CBYQp0wYBSITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"SHOW_KEYBOARD_SHORTCUT_DIALOG"}}]}}}}],"trackingParams":"CBUQ968BGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"items":[{"compactLinkRenderer":{"title":{"runs":[{"text":"\nLocation:\n ","deemphasize":true}]},"trackingParams":"CBEQp0wYACITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","secondaryIcon":{"iconType":"CHEVRON_RIGHT"},"serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CBEQp0wYACITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"getMultiPageMenuAction":{"menu":{"multiPageMenuRenderer":{"header":{"simpleMenuHeaderRenderer":{"backButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLACK","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"icon":{"iconType":"BACK"},"accessibility":{"label":"Back"},"trackingParams":"CBQQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"title":{"simpleText":"Choose your location"}}},"sections":[{"multiPageMenuSectionRenderer":{"trackingParams":"CBMQ968BGAAiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","webMultiPageMenuSectionRendererExtension":{"hack":true,"page":"countries","inlined":true}}}],"trackingParams":"CBIQ_6sBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke"}}}}]}},"subtitle":{"runs":[{"text":"Germany","deemphasize":true}]}}},{"compactLinkRenderer":{"title":{"runs":[{"text":"Restricted Mode: Off","deemphasize":true}]},"trackingParams":"CA4Qp0wYASITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","secondaryIcon":{"iconType":"CHEVRON_RIGHT"},"serviceEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CA4Qp0wYASITCKDQv47uxeACFdWyxAodGoIJBSjpHg==","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"getMultiPageMenuAction":{"menu":{"multiPageMenuRenderer":{"header":{"simpleMenuHeaderRenderer":{"backButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLACK","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"icon":{"iconType":"BACK"},"accessibility":{"label":"Back"},"trackingParams":"CBAQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"title":{"simpleText":"Restricted Mode"}}},"sections":[{"toggleItemRenderer":{"descriptionLines":[{"simpleText":"Restricted Mode can help hide videos with potentially mature content. No filter is 100% accurate, but it should help you avoid most of this type of content."},{"simpleText":"Your Restricted Mode setting will apply to this browser only."}],"label":{"simpleText":"Activate Restricted Mode"},"toggleOnActions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"TOGGLE_RESTRICTED_MODE_ON"}}],"toggleOffActions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"TOGGLE_RESTRICTED_MODE_OFF"}}]}}],"trackingParams":"CA8Q_6sBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","style":"MULTI_PAGE_MENU_STYLE_TYPE_RESTRICTED_MODE"}}}}]}}}}],"trackingParams":"CA0Q968BGAEiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"trackingParams":"CAwQ_6sBIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","style":"MULTI_PAGE_MENU_STYLE_TYPE_SYSTEM"}},"trackingParams":"CAsQ_qsBGAMiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","accessibility":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Settings"}},"tooltip":"Settings","style":"STYLE_DEFAULT"}},{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLUE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"text":{"simpleText":"Sign in"},"navigationEndpoint":{"clickTrackingParams":"CAoQ1IAEGAQiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?uilel=3\u0026service=youtube\u0026continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fhl%3Den%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26next%3D%252Ffeed%252Fhistory%26app%3Ddesktop\u0026hl=en\u0026passive=true"}},"signInEndpoint":{"hack":true}},"trackingParams":"CAoQ1IAEGAQiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}}],"hotkeyDialog":{"hotkeyDialogRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"Keyboard shortcuts"},"sections":[{"hotkeyDialogSectionRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"Playback"},"options":[{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Toggle play/pause"},"hotkey":"k"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Rewind 10 seconds"},"hotkey":"j"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Fast forward 10 seconds"},"hotkey":"l"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Previous video"},"hotkey":"P (SHIFT+p)"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Next video"},"hotkey":"N (SHIFT+n)"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Previous frame (while paused)"},"hotkey":",","hotkeyAccessibilityLabel":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Comma"}}}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Next frame (while paused)"},"hotkey":".","hotkeyAccessibilityLabel":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Period"}}}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Decrease playback rate"},"hotkey":"\u003c (SHIFT+,)","hotkeyAccessibilityLabel":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Less than or SHIFT + comma"}}}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Increase playback rate"},"hotkey":"\u003e (SHIFT+.)","hotkeyAccessibilityLabel":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Greater than or SHIFT + period"}}}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Seek to specific point in the video (7 advances to 70% of duration)"},"hotkey":"0..9"}}]}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"General"},"options":[{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Toggle full screen"},"hotkey":"f"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Toggle theater mode"},"hotkey":"t"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Toggle miniplayer"},"hotkey":"i"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Close miniplayer or current dialog"},"hotkey":"ESCAPE"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Toggle mute"},"hotkey":"m"}}]}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"Subtitles and closed captions"},"options":[{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"If the video supports captions, toggle captions ON/OFF"},"hotkey":"c"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Rotate through different text opacity levels"},"hotkey":"o"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Rotate through different window opacity levels"},"hotkey":"w"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Rotate through font sizes (increasing)"},"hotkey":"+"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Rotate through font sizes (decreasing)"},"hotkey":"-","hotkeyAccessibilityLabel":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Minus"}}}}]}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionRenderer":{"title":{"simpleText":"Spherical Videos"},"options":[{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Pan up"},"hotkey":"w"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Pan left"},"hotkey":"a"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Pan down"},"hotkey":"s"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Pan right"},"hotkey":"d"}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Zoom in"},"hotkey":"+ on numpad or ]","hotkeyAccessibilityLabel":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Plus on number pad or right bracket"}}}},{"hotkeyDialogSectionOptionRenderer":{"label":{"simpleText":"Zoom out"},"hotkey":"- on numpad or [","hotkeyAccessibilityLabel":{"accessibilityData":{"label":"Minus on number pad or left bracket"}}}}]}}],"dismissButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_BLUE_TEXT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"text":{"simpleText":"Dismiss"},"trackingParams":"CAkQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4="}},"trackingParams":"CAgQteYDIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke"}},"backButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"trackingParams":"CAcQvIYDIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","command":{"clickTrackingParams":"CAcQvIYDIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"HISTORY_BACK"}}]}}}},"forwardButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"trackingParams":"CAYQvYYDIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","command":{"clickTrackingParams":"CAYQvYYDIhMIoNC_ju7F4AIV1bLECh0aggkFKOke","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"HISTORY_FORWARD"}}]}}}},"a11ySkipNavigationButton":{"buttonRenderer":{"style":"STYLE_DEFAULT","size":"SIZE_DEFAULT","isDisabled":false,"text":{"simpleText":"Skip navigation"},"trackingParams":"CAUQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","command":{"clickTrackingParams":"CAUQ8FsiEwig0L-O7sXgAhXVssQKHRqCCQUo6R4=","commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/service_ajax","sendPost":true}},"signalServiceEndpoint":{"signal":"CLIENT_SIGNAL","actions":[{"signalAction":{"signal":"SKIP_NAVIGATION"}}]}}}}}}}; window["ytInitialPlayerResponse"] = ( null); if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("pdr", null, '');} </script> <script> (function() { var setFiller = function() { var blankSwfConfig = {"params":{"allowscriptaccess":"always","allowfullscreen":"true","bgcolor":"#000000"},"args":{"ssl":"1","apiary_host":"","fexp":"23710476,23733013,23736685,23744176,23751767,23752869,23755886,23755898,23758087,23759539,23760462,23760558,23761607,23762649,23767634,23774273,23777631,23778936,23780479,23780598,23783316,23783369,23783454,23784101,23785334,23786264,23786533,23787228,23788364,23788851,23789422,23789671,23789881,23790739,23793330,23795144,23795276,23795814,9405964,9449243,9450138,9460516,9471235,9474358","innertube_context_client_version":"2.20190213","external_fullscreen":true,"innertube_api_key":"AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8","host_language":"en","transparent_background":"1","cr":"DE","external_play_video":"1","hl":"en_US","enablejsapi":"1","fflags":"html5_no_placeholder_rollbacks=true\u0026persist_text_on_preview_button=true\u0026enable_bulleit_for_mweb=true\u0026html5_disable_move_pssh_to_moov=true\u0026html5_max_av_sync_drift=50\u0026html5_playback_data_migration=true\u0026deprecate_vss_dallas_cache=true\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_require_whitelist=true\u0026html5_preload_media=true\u0026html5_deadzone_multiplier=1.0\u0026kevlar_miniplayer_button=true\u0026html5_pipeline_manifestless=true\u0026html5_ultra_low_latency_streaming_responses=true\u0026html5_manifestless_request_prediction=true\u0026html5_adjust_effective_request_size=true\u0026web_player_response_overlay_parsing=false\u0026tvhtml5_min_readbehind_secs=20\u0026html5_parse_inline_fallback_host=true\u0026html5_shrink_live_timestamps=true\u0026html5_no_audio_append_cap=true\u0026www_for_videostats=true\u0026html5_live_ultra_low_latency_bandwidth_window=0.0\u0026live_readahead_seconds_multiplier=0.8\u0026embed_new_info_bar=true\u0026skip_restore_on_abandon_in_bulleit=true\u0026player_unified_fullscreen_transitions=true\u0026html5_max_live_dvr_window_plus_margin_secs=46800.0\u0026enable_bulleit_for_web_gaming=true\u0026html5_manifestless_accurate_sliceinfo=true\u0026html5_request_size_min_secs=0.0\u0026ad_duration_threshold_for_showing_endcap_seconds=15\u0026enable_bulleit_mweb_remix_ui=true\u0026html5_inline_video_quality_survey=true\u0026html5_peak_shave=true\u0026android_attestation_flow=yt_player\u0026midroll_notify_time_seconds=5\u0026segment_volume_reporting=true\u0026set_default_wta_if_missing_for_externs=true\u0026enable_website_actions_on_mweb=true\u0026disable_client_side_midroll_freq_capping_nonpc=true\u0026web_player_sentinel_is_uniplayer=true\u0026html5_fallbacks_delay_primary_probes=true\u0026set_interstitial_start_button=true\u0026web_player_attestation_auth_headers=true\u0026fast_autonav_in_background=true\u0026html5_new_vis_fullscreen_and_airplay=true\u0026bulleit_web_dim_skip_using_css=true\u0026ima_video_ad_with_overlay_class_logging_percentage=0.01\u0026html5_vss_live_mode_killswitch=true\u0026bulleit_mimic_ima_player_api_calls=true\u0026html5_remove_pause=false\u0026desktop_cleanup_companion_on_instream_begin=true\u0026sdk_wrapper_levels_allowed=0\u0026html5_player_autonav_logging=true\u0026html5_live_abr_repredict_fraction=0.0\u0026html5_tight_max_buffer_allowed_impaired_time=0.0\u0026android_early_fetch_for_autoplay=true\u0026html5_max_readahead_bandwidth_cap=0\u0026html5_allowable_liveness_drift_chunks=2\u0026defer_player_config_and_threed_deciders=true\u0026html5_desktop_vr180_allow_panning=true\u0026bulleit_update_tsla_cookie=true\u0026html5_pipeline_ultra_low_latency=true\u0026tvhtml5_yongle_quality_cap=0\u0026html5_dynamic_readahead_growth_rate=0.0\u0026enable_live_premieres_vss_live_type_lp=true\u0026desktop_player_button_tooltip_with_shortcut=true\u0026send_html5_api_stats_ads_abandon=true\u0026playready_first_play_expiration=-1\u0026html5_get_video_info_promiseajax=true\u0026html5_manifestless_synchronized=true\u0026fix_gpt_pos_params=true\u0026html5_cut_vss_on_visibility=true\u0026kevlar_allow_multistep_video_init=true\u0026enable_brand_companion_on_mweb=true\u0026html5_stop_video_in_cancel_playback=true\u0026html5_incremental_parser_buffer_extra_bytes=16384\u0026html5_seeking_buffering_only_playing=true\u0026variable_load_timeout_ms=0\u0026max_resolution_for_white_noise=360\u0026html5_disable_vp8_only_browsers=true\u0026postroll_notify_time_seconds=5\u0026mweb_cougar_big_controls=true\u0026playready_on_borg=true\u0026dash_manifest_version=5\u0026html5_adaptation_fix=true\u0026bulleit_disable_preroll_release_on_dispose=true\u0026html5_suspend_manifest_on_pause=true\u0026html5_live_4k_more_buffer=true\u0026embed_api_deprecation=true\u0026kevlar_miniplayer=true\u0026html5_probe_media_capabilities=true\u0026enable_survey_ad_info_dialog=true\u0026html5_enable_webm_cue_refactor=true\u0026html5_default_quality_cap=0\u0026ad_video_end_renderer_duration_milliseconds=7000\u0026html5_release_mediakey_after_load=true\u0026fix_bulleit_cue_range_seek=true\u0026use_fast_fade_in_0s=true\u0026html5_background_cap_idle_secs=60\u0026html5_gapless=true\u0026bulleit_use_http_get_by_default_for_get_midroll_info=true\u0026html5_reason_reporting_migration=true\u0026html5_log_hls_video_height_change_as_format_change=true\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_timeout_secs=2.0\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_target_buffer_health_secs=0.5\u0026html5_frame_accurate_seek_limit=3\u0026enable_static_font_size_on_text_only_preview=true\u0026html5_widevine_hw_secure_all=true\u0026bulleit_register_cue_range_events_before_ad_init=true\u0026html5_stale_dash_manifest_retry_factor=1.0\u0026html5_no_shadow_env_data_redux=true\u0026html5_incremental_parser_coalesce_slice_buffers=true\u0026low_engagement_player_quality_cap=360\u0026html5_log_playback_rate_change_killswitch=true\u0026dynamic_ad_break_seek_threshold_sec=0\u0026html5_ad_stats_bearer=true\u0026mweb_playsinline=true\u0026html5_store_xhr_headers_readable=true\u0026bulleit_use_video_end_cuerange_for_completion=true\u0026legacy_autoplay_flag=true\u0026html5_quality_cap_min_age_secs=0\u0026html5_serverside_biscotti_id_wait_ms=1000\u0026uniplayer_dbp=true\u0026provide_default_wta_reasons=true\u0026html5_ignore_updates_before_initial_ping=true\u0026enable_instream_companion_on_mweb=true\u0026html5_live_low_latency_bandwidth_window=0.0\u0026html5_request_size_padding_secs=3.0\u0026html5_av1_thresh_lcc=0\u0026html5_suspend_loader=true\u0026autoplay_time=8000\u0026html5_live_normal_latency_bandwidth_window=0.0\u0026show_thumbnail_on_standard=true\u0026html5_live_disable_dg_pacing=true\u0026html5_serverside_call_server_on_biscotti_timeout=true\u0026doubleclick_gpt_retagging=true\u0026mweb_cougar=true\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_min_buffer_health_secs=0.25\u0026use_touch_events_for_bulleit_mweb=true\u0026add_border_to_bulleit_mweb_skip=true\u0026bulleit_round_up_tsla=true\u0026html5_vp9_live_whitelist=true\u0026stop_using_ima_sdk_gpt_request_activity=true\u0026html5_connect_timeout_secs=7.0\u0026html5_media_fullscreen=true\u0026disable_survey_interstitial_for_non_bl_surveys_desktop=true\u0026html5_delay_initial_loading=true\u0026bulleit_get_midroll_info_timeout_ms=8000\u0026mweb_ios_handle_player_click_by_touch_event=true\u0026hide_preskip=true\u0026mpu_visible_threshold_count=2\u0026html5_incremental_parser_buffer_duration_secs=1.5\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_load_speed_check_interval=0.5\u0026web_logging_max_batch=100\u0026html5_live_abr_head_miss_fraction=0.0\u0026html5_enable_widevine_key_rotation=true\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_min_load_speed=1.5\u0026enable_text_ad_overlay_link_fix=true\u0026html5_use_adaptive_live_readahead=true\u0026tvhtml5_disable_live_prefetch=true\u0026html5_background_quality_cap=360\u0026bulleit_block_player_pause_until_ad_start=true\u0026html5_prefer_server_bwe3=true\u0026use_local_interactions_library=true\u0026external_fullscreen_with_edu=true\u0026html5_waiting_before_ended=true\u0026html5_enable_non_diegetic=true\u0026defer_playability_status_fillers=true\u0026html5_jumbo_ull_subsegment_readahead_target=1.3\u0026html5_jumbo_mobile_subsegment_readahead_target=3.0\u0026html5_live_no_streaming_impedance_mismatch=true\u0026html5_av1_thresh=0\u0026enable_overlay_hide_timer_fix=true\u0026html5_optimality_migration=true\u0026enable_afv_div_reset_in_kevlar=true\u0026log_playback_associated_web=true\u0026website_actions_throttle_percentage=1.0\u0026html5_vis_upgrades_are_resizes=true\u0026html5_restrict_streaming_xhr_on_sqless_requests=true\u0026html5_min_buffer_to_resume=6\u0026call_release_video_in_bulleit=true\u0026html5_readahead_ratelimit=3000\u0026html5_tv_bearer=true\u0026enable_bulleit=true\u0026variable_buffer_timeout_ms=0\u0026allow_live_autoplay=true\u0026html5_use_media_capabilities=true\u0026html5_qoe_bearer=true\u0026fixed_padding_skip_button=true\u0026player_destroy_old_version=true\u0026html5_use_streaming_xhr_abort_support=true\u0026html5_playbackmanager_enable_notify_new_drm_info=true\u0026show_countdown_on_bumper=true\u0026html5_ignore_public_setPlaybackQuality=true\u0026html5_ad_no_buffer_abort_after_skippable=true\u0026vss_dni_delayping=0\u0026html5_msi_error_fallback=true\u0026html5_disable_subscribe_new_vis=true\u0026bulleit_check_overlay_container_before_show=true\u0026use_new_skip_icon=true\u0026html5_max_headm_for_streaming_xhr=0\u0026html5_repredict_interval_secs=0.0\u0026html5_new_queueing=true\u0026attach_child_on_gel_web=true\u0026html5_df_downgrade_thresh=0.0\u0026enable_live_premiere_web_player_indicator=true\u0026html5_probe_live_using_range=true\u0026web_player_response_playback_tracking_parsing=true\u0026html5_bmffparser_use_fast_read_string=true\u0026enable_kevlar_action_companion_cleanup=true\u0026html5_use_hasAdvanced_for_pbs=true\u0026enable_embed_autoplay_delay=true\u0026sdk_ad_prefetch_time_seconds=-1\u0026tv_html5_bulleit_unify_adinfo=true\u0026bulleit_terminate_ad_when_ending_with_commands=true\u0026show_interstitial_for_3s=true\u0026html5_elbow_tracking_tweaks=true\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_seek_latency_fudge=0.5\u0026use_ima_media_selection_in_bulleit=true\u0026html5_ignore_bad_bitrates=true\u0026html5_disable_audio_slicing=true\u0026enable_bulleit_mweb_gaming_ui=true\u0026html5_hfr_quality_cap=0\u0026preskip_button_style_ads_backend=countdown_next_to_thumbnail\u0026ima_disable_reset_active_media_load_timeout=true\u0026html5_variability_no_discount_thresh=1.0\u0026html5_progressive_fallback=true\u0026html5_min_readbehind_secs=0\u0026html5_manifestless_captions=true\u0026html5_min_secs_between_format_selections=8.0\u0026html5_probe_primary_delay_base_ms=0\u0026enable_html5_conversion_ve_reporting=true\u0026turn_down_serialized_player_request_for_bulleit_living_room=true\u0026html5_subsegment_readahead_min_buffer_health_secs_on_timeout=0.1\u0026bulleit_register_placements_in_order=true\u0026desktop_action_companion_wta_support=true\u0026html5_request_sizing_multiplier=0.8\u0026mweb_add_ad_info_button_on_fullscreen_only_devices=true\u0026lightweight_watch_video_swf=true\u0026bulleit_remove_client_side_midroll_reactivation=true\u0026html5_platform_whitelisted_for_frame_accurate_seeks=true\u0026html5_manifestless_always_redux=true\u0026enable_mute_ad_endpoint_resolution_on_bulleit=true\u0026html5_minimum_readahead_seconds=0.0\u0026show_thumbnail_behind_ypc_offer_module=true\u0026allow_midrolls_on_watch_resume_in_bulleit=true\u0026html5_probe_secondary_during_timeout_miss_count=2\u0026html5_new_seeking=true\u0026bulleit_use_touch_events_for_skip=true\u0026unplugged_tvhtml5_video_preload_on_focus_delay_ms=0\u0026disable_client_side_midroll_freq_capping=true\u0026html5_get_video_info_timeout_ms=30000\u0026king_crimson_player_redux=true\u0026disable_new_pause_state3=true\u0026ad_to_video_use_gel=true\u0026html5_aspect_from_adaptive_format=true\u0026web_player_music_visualizer_treatment=fake\u0026live_chunk_readahead=3\u0026desktop_companion_wta_support=true\u0026skip_ad_button_with_thumbnail=true\u0026html5_fludd_suspend=true\u0026html5_tight_max_buffer_allowed_bandwidth_stddevs=0.0\u0026vmap_enabled_living_room=true\u0026visibility_error_html_dump_sample_rate=0.01\u0026bulleit_send_engage_ping_on_companion_click=true\u0026spacecast_uniplayer_decorate_manifest=true\u0026lasr_captions_holdback_counterfactual_id=0\u0026variable_buffer_timeout_living_room_ms=0\u0026desktop_videowall_companion_wta_support=true\u0026use_forced_linebreak_preskip_text=true\u0026html5_manifestless_interpolate=true\u0026mweb_undim_skip_button_on_ad_pause=true\u0026bulleit_publish_external_playback_events=true\u0026dynamic_ad_break_pause_threshold_sec=0\u0026delay_ads_gvi_call_on_bulleit_living_room_ms=0\u0026html5_manifestless_no_redundant_seek_to_head=true\u0026mweb_muted_autoplay_animation=shrink\u0026show_interstitial_white=true\u0026html5_min_readbehind_cap_secs=60\u0026web_player_assume_format3_available=true\u0026html5_request_size_max_secs=31\u0026html5_streaming_xhr_optimize_lengthless_mp4=true\u0026html5_streaming_xhr_progress_includes_latest=true\u0026html5_creativeless_vast_on_ima=true\u0026html5_live_pin_to_tail=true\u0026mweb_enable_instream_ui_refresh=true\u0026html5_min_upgrade_health=0\u0026html5_streaming_xhr_buffer_mdat=true\u0026unplugged_tvhtml5_botguard_attestation=true\u0026mweb_muted_autoplay=true\u0026enable_overlays_wta=true\u0026set_interstitial_advertisers_question_text=true\u0026html5_jumbo_ull_nonstreaming_mffa_ms=4000\u0026enable_bulleit_lidar_integration=true\u0026html5_autonav_quality_cap=0\u0026html5_decode_to_texture_cap=true\u0026html5_expire_preloaded_players=true\u0026html5_disable_extra_update_resource=true\u0026html5_platform_minimum_readahead_seconds=0.0\u0026bulleit_use_video_ad_div_as_overlay_container=true\u0026enable_prefetch_for_postrolls=true\u0026html5_unrewrite_timestamps=true\u0026web_player_api_logging_fraction=0.01\u0026html5_qoe_intercept=\u0026enable_endcap_on_mweb=true\u0026html5_variability_discount=0.5\u0026delay_bulleit_media_load_timer=true\u0026mweb_autonav=true\u0026interaction_click_on_gel_web=true\u0026html5_max_buffer_duration=120\u0026youtubei_for_web=true\u0026use_new_style=true\u0026html5_spherical_bicubic_mode=1\u0026html5_bandwidth_window_size=0\u0026html5_hls_min_video_height=0\u0026mweb_playsinline_webview=true\u0026use_always_dimmed_skip_in_bulleit_web=true\u0026bulleit_use_cue_video_to_reset_on_stop_ad=true\u0026desktop_image_companion_wta_support=true\u0026html5_log_rebuffer_events=0\u0026html5_sticky_reduces_discount_by=0.0\u0026html5_manifestless_shrink_timestamps=true\u0026html5_post_interrupt_readahead=20\u0026html5_maximum_readahead_seconds=0.0\u0026html5_disable_preserve_reference=true\u0026html5_widevine_robustness_strings=true\u0026html5_vp9_live_blacklist_edge=true\u0026enable_simple_preview_for_postrolls_html5=true\u0026process_extensions_in_vast_wrappers_for_survey_ads=true\u0026html5_license_constraint_delay=5000\u0026html5_video_tbd_min_kb=0\u0026web_player_native_json=true\u0026html5_enable_embedded_player_visibility_signals=true\u0026preskip_countdown_font_size=\u0026use_survey_skip_in_0s=true\u0026interaction_screen_on_gel_web=true\u0026html5_min_has_advanced=true\u0026bulleit_extract_delayed_mpu_on_all_placement_init=true\u0026html5_hls_initial_bitrate=0\u0026html5_exile_broken_instances=true\u0026html5_variability_full_discount_thresh=3.0\u0026live_fresca_v2=true\u0026web_player_kaios_autoplay=true\u0026forced_brand_precap_duration_ms=2000\u0026html5_default_ad_gain=0.5\u0026use_refreshed_overlay_buttons=true\u0026html5_dont_predict_end_time_in_past=true\u0026use_full_timing_library=true\u0026desktop_shopping_companion_wta_support=true\u0026html5_serverside_call_server_on_biscotti_error=true\u0026html5_disable_non_contiguous=true\u0026flex_theater_mode=true\u0026enable_bulleit_ve_single_clickthrough=true\u0026mweb_bulleit_show_ad_top_bar_for_phones=true\u0026html5_pause_video_fix=true","gapi_hint_params":"m;\/_\/scs\/abc-static\/_\/js\/k=gapi.gapi.en.Qyhlf-E27OQ.O\/rt=j\/d=1\/rs=AHpOoo_77KcTN4WVhdQMqIfKBMTqlRW8yg\/m=__features__","show_miniplayer_button":"1","use_miniplayer_ui":"1","xhr_apiary_host":"youtubei.youtube.com","innertube_api_version":"v1","ps":"desktop-polymer","apiary_host_firstparty":"","use_fast_sizing_on_watch_default":false,"player_error_log_fraction":"1.0"},"url":"","sts":17940,"html5":true,"assets":{"css":"\/yts\/cssbin\/player-vfl6PEqvQ\/www-player-webp.css","js":"\/yts\/jsbin\/player_ias-vflRtzyEV\/en_US\/base.js"},"attrs":{"id":"movie_player"}}; var fillerData = { browse: { filler: true, page: 'browse' }, home: { filler: true, page: 'home', endpoint: { commandMetadata: { webCommandMetadata: { url: "/", webPageType: "WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE" } }, urlEndpoint: { url: "/" } }, response: { contents: { twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer: { tabs: [{ tabRenderer: { selected: true, content: { sectionListRenderer: { contents: [], continuations: [{ nextContinuationData: {continuation: ''} }] } } } }] } } } }, search: { filler: true, page: 'search', endpoint: { commandMetadata: { webCommandMetadata: { url: "/results", webPageType: "WEB_PAGE_TYPE_SEARCH" } }, urlEndpoint: { url: "/results" } }, response: { contents: { twoColumnSearchResultsRenderer: { primaryContents: { sectionListRenderer: { contents: [], subMenu: { searchSubMenuRenderer: {} } } }, secondaryContents: { secondarySearchContainerRenderer: { contents: [] } } } } } }, watch: { filler: true, page: 'watch', endpoint: { commandMetadata: { webCommandMetadata: { url: "/watch", webPageType: "WEB_PAGE_TYPE_WATCH" } }, urlEndpoint: { url: "/watch" } }, playerResponse: { playabilityStatus: { status: 'OK' } }, response: { contents: { twoColumnWatchNextResults: { results: { results: { contents: [{ videoPrimaryInfoRenderer: {}, videoSecondaryInfoRenderer: {} }] } }, secondaryResults: { secondaryResults: {} } } } } }, player: blankSwfConfig }; window.ytcfg.set('FILLER_DATA', fillerData); }; window.getPageData = function() { if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.tick("pr", null, '');} var endpoint = null; endpoint = {"commandMetadata":{"webCommandMetadata":{"url":"/feed/history","webPageType":"WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE"}},"urlEndpoint":{"url":"/feed/history"}}; var data = { page: "browse", player: ytplayer.config, playerResponse: window.ytInitialPlayerResponse, url: "\/feed\/history", csn: "cPJqXKDYCdXlkgaahKYo", response: window.ytInitialData, endpoint: endpoint }; return { data: data, endpoint: endpoint }; }; if (window.loadDataHook) { var pageData = window.getPageData(); window.loadDataHook(pageData.endpoint, pageData.data); window.loadDataHook = null; } setFiller(); })(); var meta = document.createElement('meta'); meta.name = 'referrer'; meta.content = 'origin-when-cross-origin'; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta); </script> <span style="display:none" id="legal-help-page"> Go to the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175912/https://www.google.com/support/legal/answer/3110420">Legal Help page</a> to request content changes for legal reasons. </span> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20190218175912cs_/https://www.youtube.com/yts/cssbin/www-main-desktop-watch-page-skeleton-webp-vflQ9GNSj.css" name="www-main-desktop-watch-page-skeleton"> <div id="watch-page-skeleton" class="watch-skeleton hidden"> <div id="container"> <div id="related"> <div class="autoplay skeleton-light-border-bottom"> <div id="upnext" class="skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="video-skeleton"> <div class="video-details"> <div class="thumbnail skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="details flex-1"> <div class="video-title text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="video-meta text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="info-container"> <div id="primary-info" class="skeleton-light-border-bottom"> <div id="title" class="text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div id="info"> <div id="count" class="text-shell skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="flex-1"></div> <div id="menu"> <div class="menu-button skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="menu-button skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="menu-button skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="menu-button skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div class="menu-button skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="secondary-info" class="skeleton-light-border-bottom"> <div id="top-row"> <div id="video-owner" class="flex-1"> <div id="channel-icon" class="skeleton-bg-color"></div> <div id="upload-info" class="flex-1"> <div id="owner-name" class="text-shell skeleton-bg-color"> </div> <div id="published-date" class="text-shell skeleton-bg-color"> </div> </div> </div> <div id="subscribe-button" class="skeleton-bg-color"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script>if (window.ytcsi) {window.ytcsi.info("st", 83, '');}</script></body></html>