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class="nav-link">National Commissions</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://pax.unesco.org/PermanentDelegations/PermanentDelegationsAllFR.html" class="nav-link">Permanent Delegations</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/hq-committee" class="nav-link">Headquarters Committee</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://core.unesco.org/" class="nav-link">Core Data Portal</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Statutory Documents</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/collections/governing-bodies/headquarters-committee" class="nav-link">Headquarters Commitee</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/collections/governing-bodies/general-conference" class="nav-link">General Conference documents</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/collections/governing-bodies/executive-board" class="nav-link">Executive Board documents</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000378083_eng" class="nav-link">Medium-Term Strategy for 2022-2029 (41 C/4)</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000389188" class="nav-link">Approved programme and budget 2024-2025 (42 C/5)</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Resources</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Documents</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/" class="nav-link">UNESDOC - Digital library</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/artcollection/jsps/welcome.jsp" class="nav-link">Art Collection</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/archives/multimedia/" class="nav-link">Multimedia archives</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/archives" class="nav-link">Archives</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://courier.unesco.org/en" class="nav-link">UNESCO Courier</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/131897504@N08/albums" class="nav-link">Official Photo Gallery</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/basictexts" class="nav-link">Basic Texts</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Databases and Statistics</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://core.unesco.org/en/home" class="nav-link">Core data portal</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/data-center" class="nav-link">More data</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/safety-journalists/observatory" class="nav-link">Observatory of killed Journalists</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://uis.unesco.org/" class="nav-link">UNESCO Institute for Statistics</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.education-inequalities.org/" class="nav-link">World Inequality Database on Education</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/classroom" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">UNESCO Classroom</a><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/campus" class="nav-link">UNESCO Campus</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://shop.unesco.org/en" class="nav-link">UNESCO Shop</a></li></ul></li></ul><div class="vocabulary--websites"><span class="title nav-link">All UNESCO websites</span><div class="right"><input aria-label="Search for a site or UNESCO entity" class="dynamic-search" placeholder="Search for a site or UNESCO entity" type="search" /><div class="wrapper-websites"><div data-letter="B" data-nid="419205" id="taxonomy-term-419205" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/biennaleluanda/2021/en" title="Biennale of Luanda" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Biennale of Luanda</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Pan-African Forum for the Culture of Peace</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="C" data-nid="426910" id="taxonomy-term-426910" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://core.unesco.org" title="Core Data Portal" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Core Data Portal</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Public access to information is a key component of UNESCO's commitment to transparency and its accountability.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="D" data-nid="426556" id="taxonomy-term-426556" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/creativity/en" title="Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005 Convention)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005 Convention)</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Based on human rights and fundamental freedoms, the 2005 Convention ultimately provides <strong>a new framework for informed, transparent and </strong></p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="E" data-nid="423651" id="taxonomy-term-423651" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/interculturaldialogue/en" title="E-platform on Intercultural Dialogue" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">E-platform on Intercultural Dialogue</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>UNESCO鈥檚 e-Platform on intercultural dialogue is designed for organizations and individuals to learn from shared knowledge or experiences from infl</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="G" data-nid="434693" id="taxonomy-term-434693" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">GEM-reports</div></div></div><div data-letter="G" data-nid="423648" id="taxonomy-term-423648" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/gem-report/en" title="Global Education Monitoring Report (GEM Report)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Global Education Monitoring Report (GEM Report)</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Established in 2002, the GEM Report is an editorially independent report, hosted and published by UNESCO.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="426122" id="taxonomy-term-426122" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/" title="Intangible Culture Heritage (ICH)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Intangible Culture Heritage (ICH)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="429335" id="taxonomy-term-429335" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC)</div></div></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="434571" id="taxonomy-term-434571" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">International Decade of Sciences for Sustainable Development</div></div></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="434394" id="taxonomy-term-434394" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">International Year of Glaciers</div></div></div><div data-letter="M" data-nid="419206" id="taxonomy-term-419206" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/mab/50anniversary/en" title="Man and the Biosphere - 50th Anniversary" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Man and the Biosphere - 50th Anniversary</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="R" data-nid="423647" id="taxonomy-term-423647" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/access-to-information/2021/en" title="Report on Public Access to Information (SDG 16.10.2) 2021" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Report on Public Access to Information (SDG 16.10.2) 2021</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>To recovery and beyond: The report takes stock of the global progress on the adoption and implementation of legal guarantees on Access to Info</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="R" data-nid="423806" id="taxonomy-term-423806" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/reshaping-creativity/2022/en" title="Reshaping Policies for Creativity - 2022 Report" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Reshaping Policies for Creativity - 2022 Report</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Addressing culture as a global public good</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="S" data-nid="419207" id="taxonomy-term-419207" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/science/2021/en" title="Science Report 2021" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Science Report 2021</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="S" data-nid="432195" id="taxonomy-term-432195" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">Spotlight Children (GEM campaign)</div></div></div><div data-letter="T" data-nid="423658" id="taxonomy-term-423658" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://courier.unesco.org/en" title="The UNESCO Courier" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">The UNESCO Courier</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>For almost 75 years, <em>the UNESCO Courier</em> has served as a platform for international debates on issues that concern the entire pla</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="428474" id="taxonomy-term-428474" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/safety-journalists/2022/en" title="UNESCO Director-General's Report on the Safety of Journalists and the Danger of Impunity 2022" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO Director-General's Report on the Safety of Journalists and the Danger of Impunity 2022</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="419208" id="taxonomy-term-419208" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.uil.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL)</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Lifelong learning is key to overcoming global challenges and to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="434368" id="taxonomy-term-434368" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)</div></div></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="428475" id="taxonomy-term-428475" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.ibe.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO International Bureau of Education" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO International Bureau of Education</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="423652" id="taxonomy-term-423652" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="http://www.iiep.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="425968" id="taxonomy-term-425968" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (IESALC)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (IESALC)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="429336" id="taxonomy-term-429336" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.iicba.unesco.org/en" title="UNESCO's International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa (IICBA)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO's International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa (IICBA)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="418330" id="taxonomy-term-418330" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org" title="UNESCO.org" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO.org</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Main UNESCO website</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="424690" id="taxonomy-term-424690" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/" title="UNESDOC" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESDOC</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>UNESCO Digital Library website.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="419210" id="taxonomy-term-419210" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://whc.unesco.org/" title="World Heritage Convention (WHC)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Heritage Convention (WHC)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="423642" id="taxonomy-term-423642" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/world-media-trends/2021/en" title="World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development - Global Report 2021-2022" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development - Global Report 2021-2022</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="433913" id="taxonomy-term-433913" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report</div></div></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="419204" id="taxonomy-term-419204" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/reports/wwdr/2021/en" title="World Water Development Report 2021" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report 2021</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The Value of water</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="423807" id="taxonomy-term-423807" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/wwdr/2022/en" title="World Water Development Report 2022" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report 2022</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Groundwater, making the invisible visible</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="433448" id="taxonomy-term-433448" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/wwdr/2023/en" title="World Water Development Report 2023" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report 2023</div></div> </a></div></div></div></div> </nav></div></div></div><div class="dropdown block block-unesco-common block-unesco-commonlanguage-blocklanguage-interface col-lg-1 col-md-12" id="block-languageswitcher"><div data-block="header"><button class="btn btn-link btn-link-white dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">English</button><div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton"><ul class="language-switcher-language-url"><li hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577" class="is-active" aria-current="page"><a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla" class="language-link is-active" hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577" aria-current="page">English</a></li><li hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577"><a href="/fr/legal-affairs/oisla" class="language-link" hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577">Fran莽ais</a></li><li hreflang="es" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577"><a href="/es/legal-affairs/oisla" class="language-link" hreflang="es" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577">Espa帽ol</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button></div><div class="sub-header"><div class="region region-sub-header row"><div class="site-name-wrapper block block-unesco-common block-unesco-common-site-name" id="block-unescositename"> <a href="/en" data-block="sub_header"><p class="site-name js-site-name">UNESCO</p></a></div><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-mainnavigation-menu" id="block-mainnavigation" class="block block-menu navigation menu--main navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark col"><h5 class="visually-hidden" id="block-mainnavigation-menu">Main navigation</h5><div class="main-navigation collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul data-region="sub_header" data-block="sub_header" class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-0"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" title="Expand menu Expertise">Expertise</span><div class="big menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-0 dropdown-menu bg-primary menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-level_0"><div class="row submenu-wrapper"><div class="left-wrapper col-lg-3 col-md-12"><div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">We bring people and nations together through education, culture and science.</div><div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden menu-links field__items"><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/brief">In brief </a></div><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/our-expertise">Fields of expertise</a></div></div></div><div class="right-wrapper col-lg-9 col-md-12"><div class="main-navigation collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-1"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/education" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/343">Education</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/education" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg.webp?itok=E-L8Amx4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg.webp?itok=NDU1Mcnn 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg.webp?itok=DyPBy-9M 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=E-L8Amx4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=NDU1Mcnn 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=DyPBy-9M 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=DyPBy-9M" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Education</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/natural-sciences" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/348">Natural Sciences</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/natural-sciences" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg.webp?itok=vayDruKQ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg.webp?itok=mTL5vj-L 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg.webp?itok=Qb9qCxtV 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=vayDruKQ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=mTL5vj-L 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=Qb9qCxtV 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=Qb9qCxtV" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Natural Sciences</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/social-human-sciences" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/355">Social and Human Sciences</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/social-human-sciences" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg.webp?itok=23MFaBf4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg.webp?itok=Lbj-M5aq 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg.webp?itok=VP8k9teF 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=23MFaBf4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=Lbj-M5aq 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=VP8k9teF 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=VP8k9teF" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Social and Human Sciences</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/culture" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/365">Culture</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/culture" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg.webp?itok=AXL34OZb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg.webp?itok=msvmcaWM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg.webp?itok=qeXpCAxZ 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=AXL34OZb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=msvmcaWM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=qeXpCAxZ 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=qeXpCAxZ" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Culture</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/communication-information" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/370">Communication & Information</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/communication-information" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg.webp?itok=eJ-Ycr_I 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg.webp?itok=qvo5lSJk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg.webp?itok=DHEQ5doq 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=eJ-Ycr_I 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=qvo5lSJk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=DHEQ5doq 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=DHEQ5doq" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Communication & Information</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/ocean" class="nav-link">Ocean</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/ocean" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=P_U8h-4H 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=7I-KYwOk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=iCaATAKz 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=P_U8h-4H 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=7I-KYwOk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=iCaATAKz 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=iCaATAKz" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Ocean</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/africa" class="nav-link">Priority Africa</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/africa" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=wp3K69dY 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=DeTGS2cv 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=mrtF24gl 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=wp3K69dY 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=DeTGS2cv 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=mrtF24gl 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=mrtF24gl" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Priority Africa</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/gender-equality" class="nav-link">Priority Gender Equality</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/gender-equality" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg.webp?itok=UIbtw61b 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg.webp?itok=avtgOocJ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg.webp?itok=1Y6RMwwt 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=UIbtw61b 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=avtgOocJ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=1Y6RMwwt 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=1Y6RMwwt" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Priority Gender Equality</span></div></a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" title="Expand menu Impact">Impact</span><div class="big menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-0 dropdown-menu bg-primary menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-level_0"><div class="row submenu-wrapper"><div class="left-wrapper col-lg-3 col-md-12"><div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Discover UNESCO's impact around the world and the organisation's endeavour to build durable peace.</div><div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden menu-links field__items"><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/key-challenges">Key Challenges</a></div><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/achievements">Key Achievements</a></div></div></div><div class="right-wrapper col-lg-9 col-md-12"><div class="main-navigation collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-1"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/explore" class="nav-link">Interactive Map</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/explore" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg.webp?itok=JZXV0Heh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg.webp?itok=X6cisev6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg.webp?itok=ermTQwIo 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=JZXV0Heh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=X6cisev6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=ermTQwIo 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=ermTQwIo" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Interactive Map</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/lists-designations" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66210">Lists and designations</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/lists-designations" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg.webp?itok=Ct778Ps0 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg.webp?itok=_o_cx-TP 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg.webp?itok=pHZnN1QM 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=Ct778Ps0 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=_o_cx-TP 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=pHZnN1QM 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=pHZnN1QM" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Lists and designations</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/en/impact" class="nav-link">Presence Worldwide</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/en/impact" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg.webp?itok=dNA42rtj 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg.webp?itok=d7o-Aem- 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg.webp?itok=ypPzk8BT 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=dNA42rtj 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=d7o-Aem- 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=ypPzk8BT 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=ypPzk8BT" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Presence Worldwide</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66535">Standard setting & legal affairs</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg.webp?itok=Q5e2K5r6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg.webp?itok=y94-0zL9 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg.webp?itok=bXHjf7qO 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg?itok=Q5e2K5r6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg?itok=y94-0zL9 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg?itok=bXHjf7qO 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img 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width="400" height="512"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2022-07/2022-02-14_04-07-24.jpg?itok=9zwXC-02" width="400" height="512" alt="Salle X" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div><div class="field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">UNESCO / C. Alix</div></div></div><div class="header-texts"><div><a href="/en/legal-affairs" class="title" hreflang="en">Legal Affairs</a></div></div></div><div class="hub-menu-header hub-header-66535"><ul class="menu menu-lvl1"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs" hreflang="en">Home</a></li><li class="icon-external menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/governing-bodies?hub=66535">Governing bodies</a><div class="lvl1-wrapper"><ul class="menu menu-lvl2"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/governing-bodies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66574">Governing Bodies Homepage</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/governing-bodies#general-conference" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66574">General Conference</a><ul class="menu menu-lvl3"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/rules-procedure-gc" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66538">Rules of Procedure of the General Conference</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/gc-resolutions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66668">Resolutions and documents of the General Conference</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/legal-committee" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66637">Legal Committee</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/governing-bodies#executive-board" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66574">Executive Board</a><ul class="menu menu-lvl3"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/rules-procedure-exb" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66541">Rules of Procedure of the Executive Board</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/decisions-exb" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66663">Decisions and documents of the Executive Board</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/cr-committee" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66628">Committee on Conventions and 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Ceremony</a><ul class="menu menu-lvl3"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/conventions-ceremony" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66820">Third Ceremony (November 2023)</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/conventions-ceremony#_nd-conventions-ceremony-held-the-margins-of-the-41th-session-of-the-general-conference" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66820">Second Ceremony (November 2021)</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/conventions-ceremony#_st-conventions-ceremony-held-the-margins-of-the-40th-session-of-the-general-conference" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66820">First Ceremony (November 2019)</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/legal-texts-about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66905">Legal Texts</a><div class="lvl1-wrapper"><ul class="menu menu-lvl2"><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a 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href="https://www.unesco.org/en/node/67118">Legal texts on UNESCO's standard-setting</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/legal-texts/unesco-specific-conv">Legal texts on UNESCO conventions</a></li></ul></li><li class="icon-external menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/legal-texts-about?hub=66535#Other-legal-texts">Other legal texts</a><ul class="menu menu-lvl3"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/other-legal-texts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66707">External Relations</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/other-legal-texts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66707">Administrative and Financial</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/other-legal-texts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66707">Programme</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/other-legal-texts?hub=66535">All other legal texts</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="icon-external menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/node/66577">About us</a><div class="lvl1-wrapper"><ul class="menu menu-lvl2"><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577" class="is-active" aria-current="page">The Office of International Standards and Legal Affairs</a><ul class="menu menu-lvl3"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla#our-responsibilities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577" class="is-active" aria-current="page">Our responsibilities</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla#our-priorities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577" class="is-active" aria-current="page">Our priorities</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla#our-team" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66577" class="is-active" aria-current="page">Our team</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></div> </article><div class="node__content"><div class="main-node-content"><div class="content-header"><h1 class="title article-title">Office of International Standards and Legal Affairs</h1></div><div class="content-narrow"><div class="media-wrapper"><div class="media-image field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-medium"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_desktop/public/2022-05/Tableau%20Bureau%20SV.jpg.webp?itok=oS2CwOTO 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="610" height="805"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_tablet/public/2022-05/Tableau%20Bureau%20SV.jpg.webp?itok=lK1pkGU5 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="700" height="924"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_mobile/public/2022-05/Tableau%20Bureau%20SV.jpg.webp?itok=ISCSw69I 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="431"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_desktop/public/2022-05/Tableau%20Bureau%20SV.jpg?itok=oS2CwOTO 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="610" height="805"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_tablet/public/2022-05/Tableau%20Bureau%20SV.jpg?itok=lK1pkGU5 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="700" height="924"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_mobile/public/2022-05/Tableau%20Bureau%20SV.jpg?itok=ISCSw69I 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="431"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_desktop/public/2022-05/Tableau%20Bureau%20SV.jpg?itok=oS2CwOTO" width="610" height="805" alt="Painting LA" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div></div></div><div class="media-footer"><div class="media-copyright">UNESCO</div></div></div><div class="last-update"><span>Last update:</span><span>24 October 2024</span></div><aside class="content-summary summary-simple page"><div class="item-list"><h3>Summary</h3><ul><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla#our-responsibilities" class="summary-link">Our responsibilities</a></li><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla#our-priorities" class="summary-link">Our priorities</a></li><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla#our-team" class="summary-link">Our team</a></li></ul></div></aside><div class="field field--name-field-paragraphs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The Office of International Standards and Legal Affairs is a corporate service reporting directly to the <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/director-general">Director-General</a>. </p></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="our-responsibilities" class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Our responsibilities</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The responsibilities of the Office are: </p><ul><li>to provide legal advice to the General Conference, the Executive Board and various meetings convened by UNESCO and to all the intergovernmental bodies established by the General Conference and the Executive Board and those established for the implementation of the conventions; </li><li>to provide legal advice on questions arising for the Organization and concerning its Constitution, statutory texts and regulations, its privileges and immunities;</li><li>to provide advice on the conclusion and application of agreements with Member States or other organizations and on contracts to which the Organization is a party; </li><li>to represent the Organization before the Administrative Tribunal of the International Labour Organization and other international tribunals or dispute resolution boards; </li><li>to assist in the drawing up and application of international standard-setting instruments and to exercise depository functions of the Director-General in relation to international treaties; and </li><li>to serve as the secretariat of the Committee on Conventions and Recommendations of the Executive Board and of the Legal Committee of the General Conference acting also as credentials committee.</li></ul><p> </p></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="our-priorities" class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Our priorities</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The Office of International Standards and Legal Affairs aims at protecting the Organization鈥檚 interests along two main lines:</p><ul><li>Ensuring compliance with the Organization鈥檚 rules, regulations and procedures;</li><li>Pursuing improvements in the legal safety of activities carried out by the Organization.</li></ul></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="our-team" class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Our team</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p><strong>Mr Santiago VILLALPANDO</strong><br><strong>UNESCO Legal Adviser</strong><br><strong>Director of the Office of International Standards and Legal Affairs </strong></p></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--cards-article paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="row"> <a class="card card-height-fixed card-text card-overlay card-link-wrapper" data-uri-image-style="/sites/default/files/styles/card_1_column/public/2022-06/49212530721_931035429b_o.jpg?itok=ICaWRjCT" data-uri-image-style-mobile="/sites/default/files/styles/card_1_column/public/2022-06/49212530721_931035429b_o.jpg?itok=ICaWRjCT" href="/en/legal-affairs/oisla/dir-la" title="UNESCO Legal Adviser and Director"><div class="card-arrow arrow-black"></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">UNESCO Legal Adviser and Director</div></div> </a></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph--hidden paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-full paragraph--view-mode--default"></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>___</p><p><u>Office of the Director (LA/DIR)</u></p><p>Mr Julien BOISSISE, Legal Officer</p><p>Ms Hairiat MOHAMED, Senior Legal Secretary</p><p> </p><p><u>Section of Conventions and Recommendations (LA/CR)</u></p><p><strong>Mr Guillermo TRASANCOS, Chief of Section, Senior Legal Officer</strong></p><p>Mr Jean-Christophe BADAROUX-MENDIETA, Legal Officer</p><p>Mr Martin BRESKVAR, Associate Legal Officer</p><p>Mr Sotirios KONSTANTIS, Associate Legal Officer</p><p> </p><p><u>Section of International Administrative Law (LA/AL)</u></p><p><strong>Mr Fabrizio MASTROGIROLAMO, Chief of Section, Senior Legal Officer</strong></p><p>Mr Alexandre DEGANIS, Legal Officer</p><p><span>Mr Alvaro Felipe ROJAS CEBALLOS</span>, Legal Officer</p><p>Ms Brenda COSTECALDE ORPINEDA, Associate Legal Officer</p><p>Ms Marie-Jos茅 DELGADO, Secretary</p><p> </p><p><u>Section of General Legal Affairs (LA/GL)</u></p><p><strong>Ms Chantal CLAXTON-PROUST, Chief of Section, Senior Legal Officer</strong></p><p>Ms Asoid GARCIA-MARQUEZ, Legal Officer</p><p>Ms Tineke BAIRD, Legal Officer</p><p>Ms Agnieszka Maria MARTIN, Legal Officer</p><p>Ms H茅lia FARINHO FERREIRA, Documentalist</p></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="our-responsibilities" class="paragraph--hidden paragraph-simple js-dropdown paragraph paragraph--type--dropdown paragraph--view-mode--default"></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="our-priorities" class="paragraph--hidden paragraph-simple js-dropdown paragraph paragraph--type--dropdown 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