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href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Primat rootpage-Primat skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Neidio i'r cynnwys</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prif ddewislen" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prif ddewislen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Prif ddewislen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Panel llywio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hafan" title="Ymweld â'r Hafan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hafan</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Porth_y_Gymuned" title="Pethau i'w gwneud, adnoddau a thudalennau'r gymuned"><span>Porth y Gymuned</span></a></li><li id="n-cafe" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Y_Caffi"><span>Y Caffi</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categori:Materion_cyfoes" title="Gwybodaeth yn gysylltiedig â materion cyfoes"><span>Materion cyfoes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChanges" title="Rhestr y newidiadau diweddar ar y wici. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Newidiadau diweddar</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Random" title="Llwytho tudalen ar hap [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Erthygl ar hap</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Cymorth" title="Tudalennau cymorth"><span>Cymorth</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hafan" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wicipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cy.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cy.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Chwilio</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Chwilio Wicipedia" aria-label="Chwilio Wicipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Arbennig:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Chwilio</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Offer personol"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Newidiwch ymddangosiad maint ffont, lled a lliw y dudalen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gwedd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gwedd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy" class=""><span>Rhoi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Primat" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol" class=""><span>Creu cyfrif</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Primat" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mewngofnodi</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Offer personol" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Offer personol</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dewislen defnyddiwr" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy"><span>Rhoi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Primat" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Creu cyfrif</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Primat" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Mewngofnodi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tudalennau ar gyfer golygyddion allgofnodedig <a href="/wiki/Cymorth:Cyflwyniad" aria-label="Dysgu mwy am olygu"><span>dysgu mwy</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyContributions" title="Rhestr golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Cyfraniadau</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyTalk" title="Sgwrs ynglŷn â golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Sgwrs</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cynnwys" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cynnwys</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Y dechrau</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ffylogeneg_a_geneteg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ffylogeneg_a_geneteg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ffylogeneg a geneteg</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ffylogeneg_a_geneteg-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toglo is-adran Ffylogeneg a geneteg</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ffylogeneg_a_geneteg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Esblygiad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Esblygiad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Esblygiad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Esblygiad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Croesrywiau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Croesrywiau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Croesrywiau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Croesrywiau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clonau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clonau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Clonau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clonau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anatomeg_a_ffisioleg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anatomeg_a_ffisioleg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Anatomeg a ffisioleg</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anatomeg_a_ffisioleg-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toglo is-adran Anatomeg a ffisioleg</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anatomeg_a_ffisioleg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Corff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Difodiant_yn_bygwth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Difodiant_yn_bygwth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Difodiant yn bygwth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Difodiant_yn_bygwth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyfeiriadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyfeiriadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cyfeiriadau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyfeiriadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Darllen_pellach" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Darllen_pellach"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Darllen pellach</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Darllen_pellach-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dolenni_allanol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dolenni_allanol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dolenni allanol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dolenni_allanol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cynnwys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toglo'r tabl cynnwys" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toglo'r tabl cynnwys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Primat</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ewch i erthygl mewn iaith arall. Ar gael mewn 131 iaith" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-131" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">131 iaith</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Acehneg" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaat" title="Primaat - Affricaneg" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Primaat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Affricaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaten" title="Primaten - Almaeneg y Swistir" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Primaten" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg y Swistir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B0%E1%89%A5%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B0%E1%8A%94" title="ሰብአስተኔ - Amhareg" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሰብአስተኔ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Aragoneg" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="رئيسيات - Arabeg" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رئيسيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="رئيسيات - Arabeg yr Aifft" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رئيسيات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arabeg yr Aifft" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="প্ৰাইমেট - Asameg" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="প্ৰাইমেট" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asameg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Astwrianeg" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Astwrianeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jidoldunol_(Primates)" title="Jidoldunol (Primates) - Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Jidoldunol (Primates)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatlar" title="Primatlar - Aserbaijaneg" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Primatlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaijaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="پریماتلار - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پریماتلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Приматтар - Bashcorteg" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Приматтар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashcorteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primat%C4%81" title="Primatā - Samogiteg" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Primatā" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogiteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Прыматы - Belarwseg" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прыматы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Прыматы - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прыматы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Примати - Bwlgareg" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Примати" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bwlgareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="প্রাইমেট - Bengaleg" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাইমেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primated" title="Primated - Llydaweg" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Primated" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Llydaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primat" title="Primat - Bosnieg" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Primat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primats" title="Primats - Catalaneg" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Primats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murag-unggoy" title="Murag-unggoy - Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Murag-unggoy" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%95%DB%95%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%86" title="گوانداری ڕەسەن - Cwrdeg Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گوانداری ڕەسەن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Cwrdeg Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prim%C3%A1ti" title="Primáti - Tsieceg" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Primáti" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsieceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Приматсем - Tshwfasheg" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Приматсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tshwfasheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primater" title="Primater - Daneg" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Primater" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaten" title="Primaten - Almaeneg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Primaten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primat" title="Primat - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Primat" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Πρωτεύοντα - Groeg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρωτεύοντα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Groeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Saesneg" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatoj" title="Primatoj - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Primatoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Sbaeneg" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esikloomalised" title="Esikloomalised - Estoneg" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Esikloomalised" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Basgeg" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Extremadureg" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremadureg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نخستی‌سانان - Perseg" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نخستی‌سانان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4delliset" title="Kädelliset - Ffinneg" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kädelliset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Ffinneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Ffrangeg" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Ffrangeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaaten" title="Primaaten - Ffriseg Gogleddol" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Primaaten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaten" title="Primaten - Ffriseg y Gorllewin" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Primaten" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg y Gorllewin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADomhach" title="Príomhach - Gwyddeleg" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Príomhach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Gwyddeleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Galisieg" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9D" title="פרימטים - Hebraeg" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרימטים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebraeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3" title="नरवानर गण - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नरवानर गण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primati" title="Primati - Croateg" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Primati" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primat" title="Primat - Creol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Primat" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C5%91eml%C5%91s%C3%B6k" title="Főemlősök - Hwngareg" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Főemlősök" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hwngareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Պրիմատներ - Armeneg" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրիմատներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Indoneseg" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremdard%C3%BDr" title="Fremdardýr - Islandeg" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fremdardýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Eidaleg" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Eidaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%8A%E9%95%B7%E7%9B%AE" title="霊長目 - Japaneeg" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="霊長目" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Jafanaeg" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jafanaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პრიმატები - Georgeg" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პრიმატები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Приматтар - Casacheg" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Приматтар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Casacheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪ್ರೈಮೇಟ್ - Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪ್ರೈಮೇಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%9E%A5%EB%A5%98" title="영장류 - Coreeg" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="영장류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B7" title="Приматтэз - Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Приматтэз" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prymat" title="Prymat - Cernyweg" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Prymat" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cernyweg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Примат - Cirgiseg" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Примат" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Cirgiseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Lladin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Lladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaten" title="Primaten - Lwcsembwrgeg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Primaten" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lwcsembwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Приматар - Lezgheg" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Приматар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aapechtege" title="Aapechtege - Limbwrgeg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aapechtege" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limbwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Lombardeg" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatai" title="Primatai - Lithwaneg" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Primatai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithwaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prim%C4%81ti" title="Primāti - Latfieg" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Primāti" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latfieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Примати - Macedoneg" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Примати" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="പ്രൈമേറ്റ് - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രൈമേറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primat" title="Primat - Maleieg" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Primat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ပရိုင်းမိတ် - Byrmaneg" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပရိုင်းမိတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Byrmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaten" title="Primaten - Almaeneg Isel" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Primaten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg Isel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="प्राथमिकवर्ग - Nepaleg" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्राथमिकवर्ग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaten" title="Primaten - Iseldireg" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Primaten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Iseldireg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatar" title="Primatar - Norwyeg Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Primatar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primater" title="Primater - Norwyeg Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Primater" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AEnma" title="Prînma - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Prînma" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mag%C3%AD_d%C3%B3%C3%B3_Mag%C3%AD_Ndahalin%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Magí dóó Magí Ndahalinígíí - Nafaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Magí dóó Magí Ndahalinígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Nafaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Ocsitaneg" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ocsitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaantiyyaa" title="Olaantiyyaa - Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Olaantiyyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B8" title="ਆਗੂ ਮਾਨਸ - Pwnjabeg" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਗੂ ਮਾਨਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pwnjabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dda"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naczelne" title="Naczelne - Pwyleg" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Naczelne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pwyleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%AF%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3" title="آگو مانس - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آگو مانس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%BC" title="پرايميټ - Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پرايميټ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatas" title="Primatas - Portiwgaleg" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Primatas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portiwgaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makiyuq" title="Makiyuq - Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Makiyuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Rwmaneg" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rwmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Приматы - Rwseg" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Приматы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Приматы - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Приматы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Примааттар - Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Примааттар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Sisileg" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Sgoteg" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Sgoteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primati" title="Primati - Serbo-Croateg" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Primati" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate" title="Primate - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Primate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prim%C3%A1ty" title="Primáty - Slofaceg" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Primáty" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slofaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvaki" title="Prvaki - Slofeneg" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prvaki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slofeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primat%C3%ABt" title="Primatët - Albaneg" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Primatët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Примати - Serbeg" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Примати" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Swndaneg" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Swndaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dda"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primater" title="Primater - Swedeg" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Primater" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="முதனி - Tamileg" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதனி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D" title="ప్రైమేట్ - Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్రైమేట్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3" title="อันดับวานร - Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อันดับวานร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primates" title="Primates - Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Primates" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primat" title="Primat - Tyrceg" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Primat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Приматлар - Tatareg" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Приматлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%91%D1%81" title="Приматъёс - Fotiaceg" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Приматъёс" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Fotiaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Примати - Wcreineg" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Примати" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Wcreineg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%81" title="حیوانات رئیسہ - Wrdw" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حیوانات رئیسہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Wrdw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatlar" title="Primatlar - Wsbeceg" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Primatlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Wsbeceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatad" title="Primatad - Feps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Primatad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Feps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_Linh_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Fng" title="Bộ Linh trưởng - Fietnameg" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ Linh trưởng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Fietnameg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primoatn" title="Primoatn - Fflemeg Gorllewinol" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Primoatn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Fflemeg Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" title="Primata - Winarayeg" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Primata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Winarayeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E9%95%BF%E7%9B%AE" title="灵长目 - Wu Tsieineaidd" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="灵长目" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tsieineaidd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="პრიმატეფი - Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პრიმატეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%98" title="פרימאט - Iddew-Almaeneg" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פרימאט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Iddew-Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%E1%BB%8D%CC%81di%C3%A8y%C3%A0n" title="Akọ́dièyàn - Iorwba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Akọ́dièyàn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Iorwba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E9%95%BF%E7%9B%AE" title="灵长目 - Tsieinëeg" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="灵长目" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tsieinëeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAng-ti%C3%B3ng-l%C5%ABi" title="Lêng-tióng-lūi - Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lêng-tióng-lūi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%88%E9%95%B7%E7%9B%AE" title="靈長目 - Cantoneeg" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="靈長目" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantoneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezibuchophokhulu" title="Ezibuchophokhulu - Swlw" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ezibuchophokhulu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Swlw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7380#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Golygu dolenni rhyngwici" class="wbc-editpage">Golygu dolenni</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Parthau"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Primat" title="Gweld y dudalen bwnc [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Erthygl</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sgwrs:Primat&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Sgwrsio am y dudalen (dim tudalen ar gael) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Sgwrs</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Newid amrywiad iaith" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cymraeg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Golygon"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Primat"><span>Darllen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Golygu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Golygu cod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=history" title="Fersiynau cynt o'r dudalen hon. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Gweld hanes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Blwch offer" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Blwch offer</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Blwch offer</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gweithredoedd </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Primat"><span>Darllen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Golygu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Golygu cod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=history"><span>Gweld hanes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cyffredinol </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:WhatLinksHere/Primat" title="Rhestr o bob tudalen sy'n cysylltu â hon [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Beth sy'n cysylltu yma</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChangesLinked/Primat" rel="nofollow" title="Newidiadau diweddar i dudalennau sydd yn cysylltu â hon [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Newidiadau perthnasol</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:SpecialPages" title="Rhestr o'r holl dudalennau arbennig [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Tudalennau arbennig</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&oldid=11973101" title="Dolen barhaol i'r fersiwn hwn y dudalen hon"><span>Dolen barhaol</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=info" title="Mwy o wybodaeth am y dudalen hon"><span>Gwybodaeth am y dudalen</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CiteThisPage&page=Primat&id=11973101&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Gwybodaeth ar sut i gyfeirio at y dudalen hon"><span>Cyfeirio at y dudalen hon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrimat"><span>Cael URL byr</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrimat"><span>Lawrlwytho cod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Argraffu / allforio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Primat"><span>Llunio llyfr</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:DownloadAsPdf&page=Primat&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lawrlwytho fel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&printable=yes" title="Cynhyrchwch fersiwn o'r dudalen yn barod at ei hargraffu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Fersiwn argraffu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mewn prosiectau eraill </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Primates" hreflang="en"><span>Comin Wikimedia</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Primates" hreflang="en"><span>Wicifywyd</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7380" title="Cysylltu i eitem ystorfa gysylltiedig [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Eitem Wicidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gwedd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Oddi ar Wicipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cy" dir="ltr"><div> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255,192,203)">Primatiaid </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Mandril.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mandril.jpg/225px-Mandril.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mandril.jpg/338px-Mandril.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mandril.jpg/450px-Mandril.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandril&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandril (dim tudalen ar gael)">Mandril</a> (<i>Mandrillus sphinx</i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255,192,203)"><a href="/wiki/Dosbarthiad_gwyddonol" title="Dosbarthiad gwyddonol">Dosbarthiad gwyddonol</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Teyrnas: </td> <td><span class="teyrnas" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ffylwm: </td> <td><span class="ffylwm" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Chordata" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordata">Chordata</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dosbarth: </td> <td><span class="dosbarth" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mammalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammalia">Mammalia</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Urdd: </td> <td><span class="urdd" style="white-space:nowrap;"><b>Primates</b></span><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus" title="Carolus Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, 1758</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255,192,203)">Is-urddau </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strepsirrhini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strepsirrhini (dim tudalen ar gael)">Strepsirrhini</a> - lemyriaid, lorisiaid a galagoaid</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplorrhini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haplorrhini (dim tudalen ar gael)">Haplorrhini</a> - tarsieriaid, mwncïod ac epaod</li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mamal" title="Mamal">Mamal</a> hollysol a phrendrig fel arfer o'r <a href="/wiki/Urdd_(bioleg)" title="Urdd (bioleg)">urdd</a> <i>Primates</i> a nodwedddir gan <a href="/wiki/Llaw" title="Llaw">ddwylo</a> a <a href="/wiki/Troed" title="Troed">thraed</a> <a href="/wiki/Bys" title="Bys">pumbys</a> gafaelog, <a href="/wiki/Golwg" title="Golwg">golwg</a> deulygad, <a href="/wiki/Trwyn" title="Trwyn">trwyn</a> cwta ac <a href="/wiki/Ymennydd" title="Ymennydd">ymennydd</a> mawr yw <b>primat</b> (lluosog y Lladin <i><span lang="la">prīmās</span></i> ‘primas, cyntaf’). Esblygodd y primatiaid 85–55 miliwn o flynyddoedd yn ôl (<a href="/wiki/CP" title="CP">CP</a>) yn gyntaf o famaliaid bach daeardrig, ac a ymaddasodd i fyw yn y coedwigoedd trofannol. Mae llawer o nodweddion primatiaid yn nodweddiadol iawn o'r ymaddasiadau hyn i fywyd yn yr amgylchedd heriol hwn, gan gynnwys ymennydd mawr, craffter gweledol, golwg lliw, gwregys yr ysgwydd a dwylo deheuig, defnyddiol. Mae'r grŵp yn cynnwys <a href="/wiki/Lemwr" title="Lemwr">lemyriaid</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loris (dim tudalen ar gael)">lorisiaid</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galago (dim tudalen ar gael)">galagoaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarsier" title="Tarsier">tarsieriaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mwnci" title="Mwnci">mwncïod</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Epa" title="Epa">epaod</a> (gan gynnwys <a href="/wiki/Bod_dynol" title="Bod dynol">bodau dynol</a>). Ceir yr amrywiaeth fwyaf o brimatiaid yn rhanbarthau trofannol ac isdrofannol <a href="/wiki/Affrica" title="Affrica">Affrica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> a'r <a href="/wiki/Yr_Amerig" title="Yr Amerig">Amerig</a>. Mae'r mwyafrif ohonynt yn byw mewn coed ac mae ganddynt nifer o ymaddasiadau er mwyn dringo. Mae llawer ohonynt yn <a href="/wiki/Hollysydd" title="Hollysydd">hollysol</a> ac yn bwydo ar <a href="/wiki/Ffrwyth" title="Ffrwyth">ffrwythau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deilen" title="Deilen">dail</a> ac anifeiliaid bach. </p><p>Mae primatiaid yn amrywio o ran maint o'r lemwr lleiaf, y llyglemwr madam Berthe (<i>Microcebus berthae</i>) 9.2 cm, sy'n pwyso 30 gram (1 oz), i'r gorila dwyreiniol (<i>Gorilla beringei</i>), sy'n 1.8 metr o daldra ac yn pwyso dros 200 <a href="/wiki/Cilogram" title="Cilogram">cilogram</a>. </p><p>Ceir rhwng 376-522 o <a href="/wiki/Rhywogaeth" title="Rhywogaeth">rywogaethau</a> o brimatiaid byw, yn dibynnu ar ba ddosbarthiad a ddefnyddir. Mae rhywogaethau newydd yn parhau i gael eu darganfod: disgrifiwyd dros 25 o rywogaethau yn y <a href="/wiki/2000au" title="2000au">2000au</a>, 36 yn y <a href="/wiki/2010au" title="2010au">2010au</a>, a thri yn y <a href="/wiki/2020au" title="2020au">2020au</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Maki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Maki.jpg/250px-Maki.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Maki.jpg/375px-Maki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Maki.jpg/500px-Maki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Lemwr cynffondorch (<i>Lemur catta</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Dosberthir primatiaid yn ddau is-urdd: y strepsirrhines a'r <a href="/wiki/Haplorhini" title="Haplorhini">haplorhines</a>. Mae strepsirrinau yn cynnwys y lemyriaid, y galagos, a'r lorisiaid, tra bod haplorhinau'n cynnwys yr <a href="/wiki/Epa" title="Epa">epaod</a> a'r <a href="/wiki/Mwnci" title="Mwnci">mwncïod</a>. Gellir dosbarthu'r mwncïod (y simiaid) ymhellach i <a href="/wiki/Mwnc%C3%AFod_y_Byd_Newydd" title="Mwncïod y Byd Newydd">fwncïod y Byd Newydd</a> (<i>Platyrrhina</i>) a mwnciod yr Hen Fyd (<i>Catarrhina</i>), ac epaod (gan gynnwys <a href="/wiki/Bod_dynol" title="Bod dynol">bodau dynol</a>). Deugain miliwn o flynyddoedd yn ôl, ymfudodd y mwncïod (simiaid) o Affrica i Dde America yn ôl pob tebyg trwy ddrifftio ar ganghenau coed, a arweiniodd at bum teulu gwreiddiol o fwncïod y Byd Newydd. Gwahanodd gweddill y simiaid i epaod (<i>Hominoidea</i>) a mwncïod yr Hen Fyd (<i>Cercopithecoidea</i>) tua 25 miliwn o flynyddoedd yn ôl. Ymhlith y rhywogaethau cyffredin sy'n simiaidd mae'r babŵns yr Hen Fyd, y macaco, y giboniaid, yr <a href="/wiki/Hominidae" title="Hominidae">epaod mawr</a>; a'r mwncïod cycyllog, mwncïod udwyr a gwiwerfwncïod (y <a href="/wiki/Y_Byd_Newydd" title="Y Byd Newydd">Byd Newydd</a>). </p><p>Mae gan y primatiaid ymennydd mawr (o'i gymharu â maint y corff) yng nghyd-destyn mamaliaid eraill, yn ogystal â dibyniaeth gynyddol ar graffter gweledol ar draul yr ymdeimlad o <a href="/wiki/Arogleuo" title="Arogleuo">arogl</a>, sef y system synhwyraidd amlycaf yn y rhan fwyaf o famaliaid. Mae'r nodweddion hyn yn fwy datblygedig mewn mwncïod ac epaod, ac yn llai amlwg mewn lorisiaid a lemyriaid. Mae gan rai primatiaid <a href="/wiki/Golwg" title="Golwg">olwg</a> trilliw. </p><p>Ac eithrio epaod (gan gynnwys bodau dynol), mae gan brimatiaid fel prosimiaid a mwncïod <a href="/wiki/Cynffon" title="Cynffon">gynffonau</a>. Mae gan y rhan fwyaf o brimatiaid fodiau gwrthsymudol hefyd. Mae llawer o rywogaethau yn rhywiol ddwyffurf; gall y gwahaniaethau rhngddynt gynnwys màs y cyhyrau, dosbarthiad braster, lled <a href="/wiki/Pelfis" title="Pelfis">pelfig</a>, maint dannedd llygad, dosbarthiad gwallt, a lliwiad. Mae primatiaid yn datblygu'n arafach na mamaliaid eraill o faint tebyg, maent yn cyrraedd aeddfedrwydd yn hwyrach yn eu hoes, ond mae ganddynt oes hirach. Yn dibynnu ar y rhywogaeth, gall oedolion fyw ar ben ei hunain, mewn parau sy'n paru, neu mewn grwpiau o hyd at gannoedd o aelodau. Mae rhai primatiaid, gan gynnwys gorilod, bodau dynol a babŵns, yn ddaeardrig yn bennaf yn hytrach nag yn brendrig, ond mae gan bob rhywogaeth ymaddasiadau er mwyn dringo coed. Ymhlith y technegau <a href="/wiki/Ymsymudiad" title="Ymsymudiad">ymsymud</a> drwy goed mae neidio o goeden i goeden a siglo rhwng canghennau coed (breichio). Mae technegau ymsymud ar y ddaear yn cynnwys cerdded ar ei bedwar, weithiau ar ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cwgn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cwgn (dim tudalen ar gael)">gygnau</a>, a symudedd dwy-droed. </p><p>Mae'n debygol fod y primatiaid ymhlith yr anifeiliaid mwyaf cymdeithasol ar wyneb y Ddaear, gan eu bod yn ffurfio parau (rhai am oes), grwpiau teuluol, haremau un-gwryw, a grwpiau aml-wryw/aml-benyw. Mae'r rhan fwyaf o brimatiaid yn aros yn rhannol brendrig o leiaf: yr eithriadau yw bodau dynol, rhai epaod mawr eraill, a babŵns, pob un ohonynt wedi gadael y coed am y ddaer ac sy'n awr yn byw ym mhob cyfandir dan haul. </p><p>Gall rhyngweithio agos rhwng bodau dynol a phrimatiaid an-ddynol drosglwyddo clefydau milheintiol, yn enwedig afiechydon <a href="/wiki/Firws" title="Firws">firws</a>, gan gynnwys herpes, y <a href="/wiki/Brech_goch" title="Brech goch">frech goch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clefyd_firaol_ebola" class="mw-redirect" title="Clefyd firaol ebola">ebola</a>, y <a href="/wiki/Y_gynddaredd" title="Y gynddaredd">gynddaredd</a>, a hepatitis. Defnyddir miloedd o brimatiaid an-ddynol mewn llawer o labordai ledled y byd oherwydd eu tebygrwydd seicolegol a ffisiolegol i fodau dynol. Mae tua 60% o rywogaethau o brimatiaid dan fygythiad <a href="/wiki/Difodiant" title="Difodiant">difodiant</a>. Ymhlith y bygythiadau mwyaf cyffredin mae: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Datgoedwigo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Datgoedwigo (dim tudalen ar gael)">datgoedwigo</a> a hela primatiaid i'w defnyddio mewn meddyginiaethau, fel anifeiliaid anwes, neu ar gyfer bwyd. Clirio coedwigoedd trofannol ar raddfa fawr ar gyfer amaethyddiaeth yw'r bygythiad mwyaf. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ffylogeneg_a_geneteg">Ffylogeneg a geneteg</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Golygu'r adran: Ffylogeneg a geneteg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Ffylogeneg a geneteg"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: white; vertical-align: middle; width: [[:Nodyn:If number]]px; margin:0.2em 0 0.2em 1em; float:right; clear:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #dedede; padding: 3px"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-size:85%; width:35em;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euarchontoglires&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euarchontoglires (dim tudalen ar gael)">Euarchontoglires</a>  </span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glires&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glires (dim tudalen ar gael)">Glires</a> </span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rodent" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodent">Rodentia</a> (cnofilod) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lagomorpha" class="mw-redirect" title="Lagomorpha">Lagomorpha</a> (cwningod, sgwarnogod, picaod) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euarchonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euarchonta (dim tudalen ar gael)">Euarchonta</a> </span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treeshrew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treeshrew (dim tudalen ar gael)">Scandentia</a> (chwistlod y coed) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primatomorpha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primatomorpha (dim tudalen ar gael)">Primatomorpha</a></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colugo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colugo (dim tudalen ar gael)">Dermoptera</a> (lemyriaid ehedog) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap"><b>Primatiaid</b></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px double black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p>†<a href="/w/index.php?title=Plesiadapiformes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plesiadapiformes (dim tudalen ar gael)">Plesiadapiformes</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p>primatiaid coronog </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Esblygiad">Esblygiad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Golygu'r adran: Esblygiad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Esblygiad"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Credir bod llinach y primatiaid yn mynd yn ôl o leiaf i'r ffin rhwng y ddau gyfnod <a href="/wiki/Cretasaidd" title="Cretasaidd">Cretasaidd</a>-<a href="/wiki/Paleogen" title="Paleogen">Paleogen</a> hy tua 63–74 miliwn o flynyddoedd <a href="/wiki/CP" title="CP">CP</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2010Williams_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Williams-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanyonSpringer2012_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanyonSpringer2012-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JamesonHou2011_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JamesonHou2011-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PozziHodgson2014_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PozziHodgson2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanyonFinstermeier2013_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanyonFinstermeier2013-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Er hyn, dim ond i'r Palesosen Diweddar Affrica mae'r ffosiliau'n dyddio (c.57 miliwn i flynyddoedd CP) (sef y rhywogaeth <i><a href="/wiki/Altiatlasius" title="Altiatlasius">Altiatlasius</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-BAWilliams_2010_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BAWilliams_2010-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> neu'r trawsnewidiad Paleosen-Ëosen yn y cyfandiroedd gogleddol, c. 55 mof <a href="/wiki/CP" title="CP">CP</a> (<i>Cantius</i>, <i>Donrussellia</i>, <i>Altanius</i>, <i>Plesiadapis</i> a <i>Teilhardina</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2005_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller_2005-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ChatterjeeEtal2009_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChatterjeeEtal2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-placental_radiation_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-placental_radiation-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae astudiaethau eraill, gan gynnwys astudiaethau cloc moleciwlaidd, wedi amcangyfrif bod tarddiad cangen y primatiaid wedi bod yng nghanol y cyfnod <a href="/wiki/Cretasaidd" title="Cretasaidd">Cretasaidd</a>, tua 85 mof CP.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Croesrywiau">Croesrywiau</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Golygu'r adran: Croesrywiau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Croesrywiau"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mae croesrywiau (neu hybridau) primataidd yn cael eu creu mewn caethiwed fel arfer,<sup id="cite_ref-songs_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-songs-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ond bu enghreifftiau yn y gwyllt hefyd.<sup id="cite_ref-natoccur_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-natoccur-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae croesi'n digwydd pan fo amrediad dwy rywogaeth yn gorgyffwrdd i ffurfio parthau croesryw; mae pobl yn creu croesrywiau pan roddir anifeiliaid mewn sŵ neu oherwydd pwysau amgylcheddol megis ysglyfaethu.<sup id="cite_ref-natoccur_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-natoccur-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae croesrywedd rhyng-generig, h.y. croesrywiau o wahanol genera, hefyd wedi'u canfod yn y gwyllt. Er eu bod yn perthyn i genera sydd wedi gwahanu ers sawl miliwn o flynyddoedd, mae rhyngfridio yn dal i ddigwydd rhwng y gelada a'r babŵn hamadryas.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clonau">Clonau</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Golygu'r adran: Clonau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Clonau"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ar 24 Ionawr 2018, adroddodd gwyddonwyr yn Tsieina yn y cyfnodolyn <i>Cell</i> am greu dau glon macac bwyta crancod, o'r enw <i>Zhong Zhong</i> a <i>Hua Hua</i>, gan ddefnyddio'r dull trosglwyddo DNA cymhleth o'r Alban a gynhyrchodd <a href="/wiki/Dolly_(dafad)" title="Dolly (dafad)"><i>Dolly'r</i> ddafad</a>, am y tro cyntaf.<sup id="cite_ref-CELL-20180124_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CELL-20180124-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SCI-20180124_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCI-20180124-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NAT-20180124_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAT-20180124-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC-20180124_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-20180124-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20180124_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20180124-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anatomeg_a_ffisioleg">Anatomeg a ffisioleg</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Golygu'r adran: Anatomeg a ffisioleg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Anatomeg a ffisioleg"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pen">Pen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Golygu'r adran: Pen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Pen"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Primate_skull_series_with_legend_cropped.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Primate_skull_series_with_legend_cropped.png/220px-Primate_skull_series_with_legend_cropped.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Primate_skull_series_with_legend_cropped.png/330px-Primate_skull_series_with_legend_cropped.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Primate_skull_series_with_legend_cropped.png/440px-Primate_skull_series_with_legend_cropped.png 2x" data-file-width="1748" data-file-height="1431" /></a><figcaption>Penglogau primatiaid, gan ddangos y bar ôl-greuol a maint cynyddol yr ymennydd</figcaption></figure> <p>Mae gan benglog y primatiaid <a href="/wiki/Penglog" title="Penglog">greuan</a> mawr cromennog, sy'n arbennig o amlwg mewn epaod dynaidd. Mae'r creuan yn amddiffyn yr ymennydd mawr, nodwedd wahaniaethol o'r grŵp hwn.<sup id="cite_ref-pough_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pough-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae'r cyfaint mewngreuanol (cyfaint y tu mewn i'r greuan) deirgwaith yn fwy mewn <a href="/wiki/Bod_dynol" title="Bod dynol">bodau dynol</a> nag yn y primat annynol mwyaf, gan adlewyrchu maint mwy yr ymennydd.<sup id="cite_ref-aiello_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aiello-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Y cyfaint mewngreuanol cymedrig yw 1,201 centimetr ciwbig (cm<sup>3</sup>) bodau dynol, 469 cm<sup>3</sup> mewn <a href="/wiki/Gorila" title="Gorila">gorila</a>, 400 cm<sup>3</sup> mewn tsimpansî a 397 cm<sup>3</sup> mewn <a href="/wiki/Orang-wtang" class="mw-redirect" title="Orang-wtang">orang-wtang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-aiello_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aiello-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prif duedd esblygiad y primatiaid fu cynnydd ym maint yr ymennydd, yn enwedig y neocortecs (sef rhan ddorsal o'r freithell), sy'n ymwneud â chanfyddiad synhwyrau, cynhyrchu gorchmynion echddygol (<i>motor commands</i>), rhesymu gofodol, <a href="/wiki/Ymwybyddiaeth" title="Ymwybyddiaeth">meddwl ymwybodol</a> ac, mewn bodau dynol, <a href="/wiki/Iaith" title="Iaith">iaith</a>. Tra bod mamaliaid eraill yn dibynnu'n fawr ar eu <a href="/wiki/Arogleuo" title="Arogleuo">synnwyr arogli</a>, mae bywyd prendrig y primatiaid wedi arwain at system synhwyro wedi'i threchu gan <a href="/wiki/Gweld" class="mw-redirect" title="Gweld">weld</a> a chyffwrdd,<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at lleihad y llabed arogleuol ac at ymddygiad cymdeithasol cynyddol gymhleth.<sup id="cite_ref-adw_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adw-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mae gan brimatiaid lygaid sy'n wynebu ymlaen ar flaen y benglog, ac nid yn yr ochr; mae golwg deulygad yn caniatáu canfyddiad pellter eitha cywir.<sup id="cite_ref-pough_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pough-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Campbell_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corff">Corff</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Golygu'r adran: Corff" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Corff"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Chlorocebus_pygerythrus01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Chlorocebus_pygerythrus01.jpg/220px-Chlorocebus_pygerythrus01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Chlorocebus_pygerythrus01.jpg/330px-Chlorocebus_pygerythrus01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Chlorocebus_pygerythrus01.jpg/440px-Chlorocebus_pygerythrus01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Troed ôl ferfet, yn dangos olion bysedd ar y gwadn</figcaption></figure> <p>Yn gyffredinol mae gan brimatiaid bum bys ar bob aelod (breichiau a choesau), gyda math nodweddiadol o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ewin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ewin (dim tudalen ar gael)">ewin</a> ceratin ar ddiwedd pob bawd a bys. Mae gan ochrau gwaelod y dwylo a'r traed badiau sensitif ar flaenau eu bysedd. Mae gan y mwyafrif fodiau gwrthwynebol, nodwedd primataidd sydd wedi'i datblygu fwyaf mewn <a href="/wiki/Bod_dynol" title="Bod dynol">bodau dynol</a>, er nad yw'n gyfyngedig i berson e.e. gall yr oposymiaid a'r <a href="/wiki/Coala" title="Coala">coalas</a>, ddod a'u bodiau at eu bysedd er mwyn gafael mewn rhyw wrthrych.<sup id="cite_ref-pough_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pough-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae bodiau felly'n caniatáu i rai rhywogaethau ddefnyddio offer. <sup id="cite_ref-pough_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pough-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Difodiant_yn_bygwth">Difodiant yn bygwth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Golygu'r adran: Difodiant yn bygwth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Difodiant yn bygwth"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mae'r <a href="/wiki/Undeb_Rhyngwladol_dros_Gadwraeth_Natur" title="Undeb Rhyngwladol dros Gadwraeth Natur">Undeb Rhyngwladol dros Gadwraeth Natur</a> (IUCN) yn rhestru mwy na thraean o archesgobion fel rhai sydd mewn perygl difrifol neu'n agored i niwed. Mae tua 60% o rywogaethau primatiaid dan fygythiad difodiant, gan gynnwys: 87% o rywogaethau ym Madagascar, 73% yn Asia, 37% yn Affrica, a 36% yn Ne a Chanolbarth America. <sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yn ogystal, mae gan 75% o rywogaethau primatiaid boblogaethau sy'n lleihau. <sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rheoleiddir masnach, gan fod pob rhywogaeth wedi'i rhestru gan CITES yn Atodiad II, ac eithrio 50 o rywogaethau ac isrywogaethau a restrir yn Atodiad I, sy'n cael eu hamddiffyn yn llawn rhag masnach. <sup id="cite_ref-IFAW_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IFAW-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-CITES_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITES-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mae mwy na 90% o rywogaethau o brimatiaid i'w cael mewn coedwigoedd trofannol.<sup id="cite_ref-Mittermeier_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mittermeier-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowlishaw-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prif achos colli coedwigoedd yw clirio ar gyfer amaethyddiaeth, er bod torri coed masnachol, cynaeafu pren, mwyngloddio ac adeiladu argaeau hefyd yn cyfrannu at ddinistrio coedwigoedd trofannol <sup id="cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowlishaw-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yn Indonesia mae ardaloedd mawr o goedwigoedd yr iseldir wedi'u clirio i gynhyrchu olew palmwydd, a daeth un dadansoddiad o ddelweddau lloeren i'r casgliad y collir 1,000 o orangwtangiaid Swmatra y flwyddyn yn Ecosystem Leuser yn unig yn ystod 1998 a 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Silky_Sifaka_Pink_Face_Closeup.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Silky_Sifaka_Pink_Face_Closeup.JPG/220px-Silky_Sifaka_Pink_Face_Closeup.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Silky_Sifaka_Pink_Face_Closeup.JPG/330px-Silky_Sifaka_Pink_Face_Closeup.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Silky_Sifaka_Pink_Face_Closeup.JPG/440px-Silky_Sifaka_Pink_Face_Closeup.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Y siffaca sidanaidd sydd mewn perygl difrifol</figcaption></figure> <p>Mae primatiaid â chorff mawr (dros 5 kg) mewn perygl cynyddol o ddifodiant oherwydd eu bod yn fwy proffidiol i botsiars o'u cymharu a phrimatiaid llai.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowlishaw-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maent yn cyrraedd aeddfedrwydd rhywiol yn ddiweddarach ac yn cael cyfnod hirach rhwng genedigaethau. Felly mae poblogaethau'n gwella'n arafach ar ôl cael eu disbyddu gan botsian neu'r fasnach anifeiliaid anwes.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae data ar gyfer rhai dinasoedd yn Affrica yn dangos bod hanner yr holl brotein sy'n cael ei fwyta mewn ardaloedd trefol yn dod o gig lleol a gwyllt.<sup id="cite_ref-Fa_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fa-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae primatiaid sydd mewn perygl fel ginonau a'r dril yn cael eu hela ar lefelau sy'n llawer uwch na'r lefelau cynaliadwy.<sup id="cite_ref-Fa_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fa-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae hyn oherwydd maint eu cyrff mawr, rhwyddineb cludiant a gwerth ariannol yr anifail.<sup id="cite_ref-Fa_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fa-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wrth i ffermio dresmasu ar gynefinoedd coedwigoedd naturiol, mae primatiaid yn bwydo ar y cnydau, gan achosi colledion economaidd mawr i’r ffermwyr,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ac yn rhoi argraff negyddol i bobl leol o brimatiaid, ac yn arafu ymdrechion cadwraeth.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Man_of_the_woods.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Man_of_the_woods.JPG/220px-Man_of_the_woods.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Man_of_the_woods.JPG/330px-Man_of_the_woods.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Man_of_the_woods.JPG/440px-Man_of_the_woods.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="1284" /></a><figcaption>Yr orang-wtang Swmatra sydd mewn perygl difrifol</figcaption></figure> <p>Yn Asia, <a href="/wiki/Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Hindŵaeth">mae Hindŵaeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bwdhaeth" title="Bwdhaeth">Bwdhaeth</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> yn gwahardd bwyta cig primat; fodd bynnag, mae primatiaid yn dal i gael eu hela am fwyd.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowlishaw-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae rhai crefyddau traddodiadol llai yn caniatáu bwyta cig primatiaid.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae'r fasnach anifeiliaid anwes a meddygaeth draddodiadol hefyd yn cynyddu'r galw am hela anghyfreithlon.<sup id="cite_ref-Workman_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Workman-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gwarchodwyd y macac rhesws, <a href="/wiki/Organeb_model" title="Organeb model">organeb enghreifftiol</a>, ar ôl i drapio ei fygwth yn y <a href="/wiki/1960au" title="1960au">1960au</a>; roedd y rhaglen mor effeithiol fel bod y macac rhesws, bellach, yn cael eu hystyried yn bla!<sup id="cite_ref-Southwick_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Southwick-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ceir 21 o brimatiaid mewn perygl difrifol, gyda 7 ohonynt wedi aros ar restr yr IUCN "y 25 Primat Mwyaf Mewn Perygl yn y Byd", a hynny ers 2000: y siffaca sidanaidd, y langur Delacour, y langur penwyn, y douc llwyd, y mwnci Tonkin trwyn pwt, y Croeswr afon (gorila) a'r orang-wtang Swmatra.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yn ddiweddar cyhoeddwyd bod y colobus coch Miss Waldron wedi'u <a href="/wiki/Difodiant" title="Difodiant">difodi'n llwyr</a> pan nad oedd unrhyw olion o'r isrywogaeth i'w ganfod rhwng 1993 ac 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae ychydig o helwyr wedi canfod a lladd unigolion ers hynny, ond mae rhagolygon yr isrywogaeth yn parhau i fod yn llwm.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyfeiriadau">Cyfeiriadau</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Golygu'r adran: Cyfeiriadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Cyfeiriadau"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2010Williams-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2010Williams_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Williams, B.A.; Kay, R.F.; Kirk, E.C. 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A.; Kay, R. F.; Kirk, E. C. 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Academic Press. t. 193. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0-12-045590-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/0-12-045590-0"><bdi>0-12-045590-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Human+Evolutionary+Anatomy&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-12-045590-0&rft.au=Aiello%2C+L.&rft.au=Dean%2C+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-britannica_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="cy" dir="ltr">Gwall cyfeirio: Tag <code><ref></code> annilys; ni roddwyd testun ar gyfer 'ref' o'r enw <code>britannica</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-adw-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-adw_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMyers,_P.1999" class="citation web">Myers, P. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Primates.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left">"</span>Primates" (On-line)"</a>. Animal Diversity Web<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">2008-06-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Primates%22+%28On-line%29&rft.pub=Animal+Diversity+Web&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Myers%2C+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanimaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu%2Fsite%2Faccounts%2Finformation%2FPrimates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campbell-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell,_B._G.Loy,_J._D.2000" class="citation book">Campbell, B. G.; Loy, J. D. (2000). <i>Humankind Emerging</i> (arg. 8th). Allyn & Bacon. t. 85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0-673-52364-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/0-673-52364-0"><bdi>0-673-52364-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Humankind+Emerging&rft.pages=85&rft.edition=8th&rft.pub=Allyn+%26+Bacon&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-673-52364-0&rft.au=Campbell%2C+B.+G.&rft.au=Loy%2C+J.+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_27-0">27.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_27-1">27.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Estrada, Alejandro; Garber, Paul A.; Rylands, Anthony B.; Roos, Christian; Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo; Fiore, Anthony Di; Nekaris, K. Anne-Isola; Nijman, Vincent et al. (2017-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5242557">"Impending extinction crisis of the world's primates: Why primates matter"</a> (yn en). <i>Science Advances</i> <b>3</b> (1): e1600946. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (dim tudalen ar gael)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017SciA....3E0946E">2017SciA....3E0946E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fsciadv.1600946">10.1126/sciadv.1600946</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2375-2548">2375-2548</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (dim tudalen ar gael)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5242557/?tool=pmcentrez">5242557</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28116351">28116351</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5242557">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5242557</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IFAW-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-IFAW_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFIFAW2005" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Fund_for_Animal_Welfare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Fund for Animal Welfare (dim tudalen ar gael)">IFAW</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726171340/http://www.ifaw.org/Publications/Program_Publications/Wildlife_Trade/Campaign_Scientific_Publications/asset_upload_file812_49478.pdf"><i>Born to be wild: Primates are not pets</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Fund for Animal Welfare. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifaw.org/Publications/Program_Publications/Wildlife_Trade/Campaign_Scientific_Publications/asset_upload_file812_49478.pdf">gwreiddiol</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> ar 2011-07-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">2011-02-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Born+to+be+wild%3A+Primates+are+not+pets&rft.pub=International+Fund+for+Animal+Welfare&rft.date=2005&rft.au=IFAW&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifaw.org%2FPublications%2FProgram_Publications%2FWildlife_Trade%2FCampaign_Scientific_Publications%2Fasset_upload_file812_49478.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CITES-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CITES_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCITES2010" class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CITES&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CITES (dim tudalen ar gael)">CITES</a> (2010-10-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cites.org/eng/app/index.php">"Appendices I, II and III"</a>. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">2012-04-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appendices+I%2C+II+and+III&rft.pub=Convention+on+International+Trade+in+Endangered+Species+of+Wild+Fauna+and+Flora&rft.date=2010-10-14&rft.au=CITES&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cites.org%2Feng%2Fapp%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mittermeier-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mittermeier_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMittermeier,_R._A.Cheney,_D._L.1987" class="citation book">Mittermeier, R. A.; Cheney, D. L. (1987). "Conservation of primates and their habitats". In Smuts, B. B.; Cheney, D. L.; Seyfarth, R. M.; Wrangham, R. W. (gol.). <i>Primate Societies</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. tt. 477–490.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conservation+of+primates+and+their+habitats&rft.btitle=Primate+Societies&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=477-490&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.au=Mittermeier%2C+R.+A.&rft.au=Cheney%2C+D.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cowlishaw-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-0">31.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-1">31.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-2">31.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cowlishaw_31-3">31.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCowlishaw,_G.Dunbar,_R.2000" class="citation book">Cowlishaw, G.; Dunbar, R. (2000). <i>Primate Conservation Biology</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-226-11637-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-226-11637-2"><bdi>978-0-226-11637-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Primate+Conservation+Biology&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-226-11637-2&rft.au=Cowlishaw%2C+G.&rft.au=Dunbar%2C+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Van Schaik, C. P.; Monk, K. A.; Robertson, J. M. Y. (2001). "Dramatic decline in orangutan numbers in the Leuser Ecosystem, northern Sumatra". <i>Oryx</i> <b>35</b> (1): 14–25. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-3008.2001.00150.x">10.1046/j.1365-3008.2001.00150.x</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Purvis, A.; Gittleman, J. L.; Cowlishaw, G.; Mace, G. M. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1690772">"Predicting extinction risk in declining species"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society B</i> <b>267</b> (1456): 1947–1952. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspb.2000.1234">10.1098/rspb.2000.1234</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (dim tudalen ar gael)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1690772/?tool=pmcentrez">1690772</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11075706">11075706</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1690772">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1690772</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fa-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Fa_34-0">34.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Fa_34-1">34.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Fa_34-2">34.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Fa, J. E.; Juste, J.; Perez de Val, J.; Castroviejo, J. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_1995-10_9_5/page/1107">"Impact of market hunting on mammal species in Equatorial Guinea"</a>. <i>Conservation Biology</i> <b>9</b> (5): 1107–1115. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1523-1739.1995.9051107.x">10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.9051107.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34261280">34261280</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_1995-10_9_5/page/1107">https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_1995-10_9_5/page/1107</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Hill, C. M. (1997). "Crop-raiding by wild vertebrates: The farmer's perspective in an agricultural community in western Uganda". <i>International Journal of Pest Management</i> <b>43</b> (1): 77–84. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F096708797229022">10.1080/096708797229022</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Hill, C. M. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_american-anthropologist_2002-12_104_4/page/1184">"Primate conservation and local communities: Ethical issues and debates"</a>. <i>American Anthropologist</i> <b>104</b> (4): 1184–1194. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1525%2Faa.2002.104.4.1184">10.1525/aa.2002.104.4.1184</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_american-anthropologist_2002-12_104_4/page/1184">https://archive.org/details/sim_american-anthropologist_2002-12_104_4/page/1184</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Choudhury, A. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wii.gov.in/envis/primates/downloads/page92primatesne.pdf">"Primates in Northeast India: an overview of their distribution and conservation status"</a>. <i>Envis Bulletin: Wildlife and Protected Areas</i> <b>1</b> (1): 92–101<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.wii.gov.in/envis/primates/downloads/page92primatesne.pdf">http://www.wii.gov.in/envis/primates/downloads/page92primatesne.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Adalwyd 2008-08-04</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Kumara, H. N.; Singh, M. (October 2004). "Distribution and abundance of primates in rainforests of the Western Ghats, Karnataka, India and the conservation of <i>Macaca silenus</i>". <i>International Journal of Primatology</i> <b>25</b> (5): 1001–1018. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1023%2FB%3AIJOP.0000043348.06255.7f">10.1023/B:IJOP.0000043348.06255.7f</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Workman-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Workman_39-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Workman, C. (June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_american-anthropologist_2004-06_106_2/page/346">"Primate conservation in Vietnam: toward a holistic environmental narrative"</a>. <i>American Anthropologist</i> <b>106</b> (2): 346–352. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1525%2Faa.2004.106.2.346">10.1525/aa.2004.106.2.346</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_american-anthropologist_2004-06_106_2/page/346">https://archive.org/details/sim_american-anthropologist_2004-06_106_2/page/346</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Nijman, V. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/52/52rbz271-280.pdf">"Conservation of the Javan gibbon <i>Hylobates moloch</i>: population estimates, local extinction, and conservation priorities"</a>. <i>The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</i> <b>52</b> (1): 271–280<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/52/52rbz271-280.pdf">http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/52/52rbz271-280.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Adalwyd 2008-08-04</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">O'Brien, T. G.; Kinnaird, M. F.; Nurcahyo, A.; Iqbal, M.; Rusmanto, M. (April 2004). "Abundance and distribution of sympatric gibbons in a threatened Sumatran rain forest". <i>International Journal of Primatology</i> <b>25</b> (2): 267–284. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1023%2FB%3AIJOP.0000019152.83883.1c">10.1023/B:IJOP.0000019152.83883.1c</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Southwick-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Southwick_42-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Southwick, C. H.; Siddiqi, M. F. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wii.gov.in/envis/primates/downloads/page81statusofprimates.pdf">"Status, conservation and management of primates in India"</a>. <i>Envis Bulletin: Wildlife and Protected Areas</i> <b>1</b> (1): 81–91<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.wii.gov.in/envis/primates/downloads/page81statusofprimates.pdf">http://www.wii.gov.in/envis/primates/downloads/page81statusofprimates.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Adalwyd 2008-08-04</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMittermeierWallisRylandsGanzhorn2009" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russell_Mittermeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russell Mittermeier (dim tudalen ar gael)">Mittermeier, R.A.</a>; Wallis, J.; Rylands, A.B.; Ganzhorn, J.U., gol. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.primate-sg.org/storage/PDF/Primates.in.Peril.2008-2010.pdf"><i>Primates in Peril: The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates 2008–2010</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Illustrated by S.D. Nash. Arlington, VA.: IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), and Conservation International (CI). tt. 23–26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-934151-34-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-934151-34-1"><bdi>978-1-934151-34-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Primates+in+Peril%3A+The+World%27s+25+Most+Endangered+Primates+2008%E2%80%932010&rft.place=Arlington%2C+VA.&rft.pages=23-26&rft.pub=IUCN%2FSSC+Primate+Specialist+Group+%28PSG%29%2C+International+Primatological+Society+%28IPS%29%2C+and+Conservation+International+%28CI%29&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-934151-34-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.primate-sg.org%2Fstorage%2FPDF%2FPrimates.in.Peril.2008-2010.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Oates, J. F.; Abedi-Lartey, M.; McGraw, W. S.; Struhsaker, T. T.; Whitesides, G. H. (October 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_2000-10_14_5/page/1526">"Extinction of a West African Red Colobus Monkey"</a>. <i>Conservation Biology</i> <b>14</b> (5): 1526–1532. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1523-1739.2000.99230.x">10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99230.x</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_2000-10_14_5/page/1526">https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_2000-10_14_5/page/1526</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">McGraw, W. S. (June 2005). "Update on the Search for Miss Waldron's Red Colobus Monkey". <i>International Journal of Primatology</i> <b>26</b> (3): 605–619. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10764-005-4368-9">10.1007/s10764-005-4368-9</a>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Darllen_pellach">Darllen pellach</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Golygu'r adran: Darllen pellach" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Darllen pellach"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFDavid_J._ChiversBernard_A._WoodAlan_Bilsborough1984" class="citation book">David J. Chivers; Bernard A. Wood; Alan Bilsborough, gol. (1984). <i>Food Acquisition and Processing in Primates</i>. New York & London: Plenum Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0-306-41701-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/0-306-41701-4"><bdi>0-306-41701-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Acquisition+and+Processing+in+Primates&rft.place=New+York+%26+London&rft.pub=Plenum+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-306-41701-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3APrimat" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dolenni_allanol">Dolenni allanol</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Golygu'r adran: Dolenni allanol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primat&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Dolenni allanol"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://primate.wisc.edu/primate-info-net/">Rhwyd Gwybodaeth Primad</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/site/accounts/information/Primates.html">Archesgobion</a> ar y We Amrywiaeth Anifeiliaid</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/">Sefydliad Ymchwil Primate</a>, Prifysgol Kyoto</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191011040440/http://primate-brain.org/">Atlasau Ymennydd Archesgobol Cytoarchitectural Cydraniad Uchel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euprim-net.eu">EUPRIM-Net: Rhwydwaith Archesgobion Ewrop</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/APCLNatHist">Delweddau Primate: Casgliad Hanes Natur</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eskeletons.org/">Golygfeydd rhyngweithiol</a> o amrywiol sgerbydau primatiaid yn eSkeletons.org (sy'n gysylltiedig â Phrifysgol Texas yn Austin )</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/Primates/15963">Prosiect gwe Coed y Bywyd</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110426005553/http://tolweb.org/Primates/15963">Archifwyd</a> 2011-04-26 yn y <a href="/wiki/Peiriant_Wayback" title="Peiriant Wayback">Peiriant Wayback</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awdurdod" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Awdurdod" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Awdurdod" class="mw-redirect" title="Awdurdod">Awdurdod</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-sh85-106668">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85106668">sh85106668</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4047256-5">4047256-5</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00569360">00569360</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph124607&CON_LNG=ENG">ph124607</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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