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S. Moonje</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 5 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-5" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">5 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87" title="बाळकृष्ण शिवराम मुंजे – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बाळकृष्ण शिवराम मुंजे" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D._%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86" title="ബി.എസ്. മൂൺജെ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബി.എസ്. മൂൺജെ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87" title="बाळकृष्ण शिवराम मुंजे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बाळकृष्ण शिवराम मुंजे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li 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class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/B._S._Moonje" title="Special:EditPage/B. S. Moonje">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22">"B. S. Moonje"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Balakrishna Shivram Moonje</b> (<b>B.S.Moonje</b>, also <b>B.S. Munje</b>, 12 December 1872 – 3 March 1948) was a leader of the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Mahasabha" title="Hindu Mahasabha">Hindu Mahasabha</a> in India. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=B._S._Moonje&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/B._S._Moonje" title="Special:EditPage/B. S. Moonje">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22">"B. S. Moonje"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22B.+S.+Moonje%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Moonje was born into a <a href="/wiki/Deshastha_Brahmin" title="Deshastha Brahmin">Deshastha Rigvedi Brahmin</a> (<a href="/wiki/DRB" class="mw-redirect" title="DRB">DRB</a>) family<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1872 at <a href="/wiki/Bilaspur,_Chhattisgarh" title="Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh">Bilaspur</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_Provinces" title="Central Provinces">Central Provinces</a>. He completed his <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Medicine" title="Doctor of Medicine">Medical Degree</a> from <a href="/wiki/Grant_Medical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Grant Medical College">Grant Medical College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> in 1898, and was employed in <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Corporation_of_Greater_Mumbai" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai">Bombay Municipal Corporation</a> as a Medical Officer. </p><p>Following the death of <a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a> in 1920, Moonje dissociated from Congress. He disagreed with the two main policies of <a href="/wiki/M._K._Gandhi" class="mw-redirect" title="M. K. Gandhi">M. K. Gandhi</a>, namely his non-violence and secularism. His association with Hindu Mahasabha increased and he was also political mentor of Hedgewar who founded RSS in 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moonje was the All India President of the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Mahasabha" title="Hindu Mahasabha">Hindu Mahasabha</a> from 1927 until he handed over the charge to <a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a> in 1937. Until his death, he was active in the Mahasabha and toured all over India.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Savarkar had his strong support. He also attended the Round Table Conferences (in London) twice, despite strong opposition from Congress leaders on his views. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trip_to_Italy">Trip to Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=B._S._Moonje&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Trip to Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During March 15 to 24, 1931, Moonje travelled to Italy, where he met with Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a> and was shown the militarization of society through a guided tour of organizations such as Balilla, the <a href="/wiki/Accademia_della_Farnesina" title="Accademia della Farnesina">Accademia della Farnesina</a> and other military schools and educational institutions. He visited the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Fascism" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Fascism">Fascist</a> <a href="/wiki/Youth_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Youth organization">youth organization</a> the <a href="/wiki/Opera_Nazionale_Balilla" title="Opera Nazionale Balilla">Opera Nazionale Balilla</a>, which he praised.<sup id="cite_ref-Frontline_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frontline-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Balilla institutions and the conception of the whole organisation have appealed to me most, though there is still not discipline and organisation of high order. The whole idea is conceived by Mussolini for the military regeneration of Italy. Italians, by nature, appear ease-loving and non-martial like the Indians generally. They have cultivated, like Indians, the work of peace and neglected the cultivation of the art of war. Mussolini saw the essential weakness of his country and conceived the idea of the Balilla organisation. Nothing better could have been conceived for the military organisation of Italy. The idea of fascism vividly brings out the conception of unity amongst people. India and particularly Hindu India need some such institution for the military regeneration of the Hindus.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>B. S. Moonje, Diary entry, <sup id="cite_ref-Frontline_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frontline-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Moonje was deeply influenced by these fascist organizations, in which he saw an opportunity to militarize Hindu society in order to fight against both internal and external threats. After returning from his Italy visit, he set up <a href="/wiki/Bhonsala_Military_School" title="Bhonsala Military School">Bhonsala Military School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nasik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasik">Nasik</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Swayamsevak_Sangh" title="Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh">Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh</a> (RSS) later appropriated this model on a larger scale, and there is an uncanny similarity between the RSS and Balilla in terms of recruitment and organizational setup.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moonje remained in constant contact with the fascist supporter <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Tucci" title="Giuseppe Tucci">Giuseppe Tucci</a> through letters.<sup id="cite_ref-Jansatta_2022_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jansatta_2022-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moonje died on 3 March 1948, aged 75. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=B._S._Moonje&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJaffrelot1996" class="citation book cs1">Jaffrelot, Christophe (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iVsfVOTUnYEC"><i>The Hindu nationalist movement and Indian politics : 1925 to the 1990s : strategies of identity-building, implantation and mobilisation (with special reference to Central India)</i></a>. Penguin Books India. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1850653011" title="Special:BookSources/978-1850653011"><bdi>978-1850653011</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+nationalist+movement+and+Indian+politics+%3A+1925+to+the+1990s+%3A+strategies+of+identity-building%2C+implantation+and+mobilisation+%28with+special+reference+to+Central+India%29&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1850653011&rft.aulast=Jaffrelot&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiVsfVOTUnYEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170427110437/http://www.caravanmagazine.in/vantage/the-rss-bhonsala-military-school-dhirendra-k-jha">"How the RSS Became Involved In Running the Bhonsala Military School - The Caravan"</a>. <i>caravanmagazine.in</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caravanmagazine.in/vantage/the-rss-bhonsala-military-school-dhirendra-k-jha">the original</a> on 27 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=caravanmagazine.in&rft.atitle=How+the+RSS+Became+Involved+In+Running+the+Bhonsala+Military+School+-+The+Caravan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcaravanmagazine.in%2Fvantage%2Fthe-rss-bhonsala-military-school-dhirendra-k-jha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frontline-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Frontline_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frontline_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/moonje-amp-mussolini/article6756630.ece">"Moonje & Mussolini"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Frontline_(magazine)" title="Frontline (magazine)">Frontline</a></i>. 23 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Frontline&rft.atitle=Moonje+%26+Mussolini&rft.date=2015-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffrontline.thehindu.com%2Fcover-story%2Fmoonje-amp-mussolini%2Farticle6756630.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJavid2022" class="citation journal cs1">Javid, Aaqib (21 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.openedition.org/samaj/8034">"Marzia Casolari. In the Shadow of the Swastika: The Relationships Between Indian Radical Nationalism, Italian Fascism and Nazism"</a>. <i>South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal</i> (29). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fsamaj.8034">10.4000/samaj.8034</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1960-6060">1960-6060</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:261999800">261999800</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Multidisciplinary+Academic+Journal&rft.atitle=Marzia+Casolari.+In+the+Shadow+of+the+Swastika%3A+The+Relationships+Between+Indian+Radical+Nationalism%2C+Italian+Fascism+and+Nazism&rft.issue=29&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A261999800%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1960-6060&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fsamaj.8034&rft.aulast=Javid&rft.aufirst=Aaqib&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Fsamaj%2F8034&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jansatta_2022-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jansatta_2022_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jansatta.com/explained/when-hindu-mahasabha-leader-bs-moonje-was-influenced-by-mussolini/2213543/">"जब मुसोलिनी से प्रभावित हुआ था हिंदू महासभा का बड़ा नेता, कहा था- बढ़ते राष्ट्र को ऐसे संगठन की जरूरत"</a>. <i>Jansatta</i> (in Hindi). 9 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jansatta&rft.atitle=%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AC+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86+%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%2C+%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE-+%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B+%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%A8+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4&rft.date=2022-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jansatta.com%2Fexplained%2Fwhen-hindu-mahasabha-leader-bs-moonje-was-influenced-by-mussolini%2F2213543%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=B._S._Moonje&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBapu2013" class="citation book cs1">Bapu, Prabhu (2013). <i>Hindu Mahasabha in Colonial North India, 1915–1930: Construction Nation and History</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-67165-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-67165-1"><bdi>978-0-415-67165-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindu+Mahasabha+in+Colonial+North+India%2C+1915%E2%80%931930%3A+Construction+Nation+and+History&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-415-67165-1&rft.aulast=Bapu&rft.aufirst=Prabhu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCasolari2020" class="citation book cs1">Casolari, Marzia (27 July 2020). <i>In the Shadow of the Swastika: The Relationships Between Indian Radical Nationalism, Italian Fascism and Nazism</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9781003051442">10.4324/9781003051442</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781003051442" title="Special:BookSources/9781003051442"><bdi>9781003051442</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:225358839">225358839</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Shadow+of+the+Swastika%3A+The+Relationships+Between+Indian+Radical+Nationalism%2C+Italian+Fascism+and+Nazism&rft.date=2020-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A225358839%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9781003051442&rft.isbn=9781003051442&rft.aulast=Casolari&rft.aufirst=Marzia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJaffrelot1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christophe_Jaffrelot" title="Christophe Jaffrelot">Jaffrelot, Christophe</a> (1996). <i>The Hindu Nationalist Movement and Indian Politics</i>. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-301-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-301-1"><bdi>978-1-85065-301-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+Nationalist+Movement+and+Indian+Politics&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-85065-301-1&rft.aulast=Jaffrelot&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AB.+S.+Moonje" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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