CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>The Wall Street Journal - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3a73a70b-a9d0-4513-8a02-52b66456df16","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"The_Wall_Street_Journal","wgTitle":"The Wall Street Journal","wgCurRevisionId":1259243938,"wgRevisionId":1259243938, "wgArticleId":173070,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"The_Wall_Street_Journal","wgRelevantArticleId":173070,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true, "wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr" },{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang": "dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir" :"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"kus","autonym": "Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym": "олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir" :"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym":"தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir" :"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym": "isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu", "hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh", "xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q164746","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready" ,"user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="The Wall Street Journal - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-The_Wall_Street_Journal rootpage-The_Wall_Street_Journal stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"><div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"> <a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"> <input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="/wiki/Main_Page" data-mw="interface"> Home </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="/wiki/Special:Random" data-mw="interface"> Random </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="/wiki/Special:Nearby" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> Nearby </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=The+Wall+Street+Journal" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> Log in </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=The+Wall+Street+Journal" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> Settings </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en&utm_key=minerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> Donate </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" data-mw="interface"> About Wikipedia </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" data-mw="interface"> Disclaimers </a> </li> </ul> </div> <label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Search </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">The Wall Street Journal</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:The_Wall_Street_Journal" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=The+Wall+Street+Journal" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WSJ" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/WSJ_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="WSJ (disambiguation)">WSJ (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Cleanup plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Cleanup" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article may require <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup">cleanup</a> to meet Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">quality standards</a>. The specific problem is: Promotional additions. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="Special:EditPage/The Wall Street Journal">improve this article</a> if you can. (March 2023) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250428316">.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .infobox-title{font-size:125%;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}</style>The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), also referred to simply as the Journal, is an American newspaper based in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, with a focus on business and finance. It operates on a subscription model, requiring readers to pay for access to its articles and content. The Journal is published six days a week by <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_%26_Company" title="Dow Jones & Company">Dow Jones & Company</a>, a division of <a href="/wiki/News_Corp" title="News Corp">News Corp</a>. The first issue was published on July 8, 1889.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <table class="infobox vcard ib-newspaper"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">The Wall Street Journal</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">It's Your Business</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:WSJ_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/WSJ_Logo.svg/220px-WSJ_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/WSJ_Logo.svg/330px-WSJ_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/WSJ_Logo.svg/440px-WSJ_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="68"></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Daily_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily newspaper">Daily newspaper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Format</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Broadsheet" title="Broadsheet">Broadsheet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dow" title="Charles Dow">Charles Dow</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Jones_(statistician)" title="Edward Jones (statistician)">Edward Jones</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bergstresser" title="Charles Bergstresser">Charles Bergstresser</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Almar_Latour" title="Almar Latour">Almar Latour</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor-in-chief</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Tucker" title="Emma Tucker">Emma Tucker</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy editor</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Forelle" title="Charles Forelle">Charles Forelle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Managing editor</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Liz Harris</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opinion editor</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Paul_A._Gigot" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul A. Gigot">Paul A. Gigot</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Staff writers</th><td class="infobox-data">1,800<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">July 8, 1889; 135 years ago (1889-07-08)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1211_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1211 Avenue of the Americas">1211 Avenue of the Americas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> 10036, U.S.</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Newspaper_circulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspaper circulation">Circulation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div><ul><li>3,966,000 news subscribers <ul><li>3,406,000 digital-only</li> <li>560,000 print + digital</li></ul></li></ul></div> (as of June 2023)<a href="#cite_note-circ-aug23-2">[2]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0099-9660">0099-9660</a> (print) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1042-9840">1042-9840</a> (web)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> number</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/781541372">781541372 </a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wsj.com">wsj.com</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164746#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.4em; border-top: 1px solid #aaa"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the United States">Media of the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_States" title="List of newspapers in the United States">List of newspapers</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> As of 2023, the Wall Street Journal is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_States" title="List of newspapers in the United States">largest newspaper in the United States</a> by <a href="/wiki/Print_circulation" title="Print circulation">print circulation</a>, with 609,650 print subscribers. It has 3.17 million digital subscribers, the second-most in the nation after <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>.<a href="#cite_note-circ-aug23-2">[2]</a> WSJ publishes international editions in various regions around the world, including <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal_Europe" title="The Wall Street Journal Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal_Asia" title="The Wall Street Journal Asia">Asia.</a> The <a href="/wiki/Editorial_Board_at_The_Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Editorial Board at The Wall Street Journal">editorial pages of the Journal</a> are typically <a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">center-right</a> in their positions,<a href="#cite_note-Benkler-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> while the newspaper itself maintains commitment to <a href="/wiki/Journalistic_objectivity" title="Journalistic objectivity">journalistic standards</a> in its reporting.<a href="#cite_note-Benkler-4">[4]</a> The newspaper has won 39 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prizes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Founding_and_19th_century">1.1 Founding and 19th century</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#20th_century">1.2 20th century</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#21st_century">1.3 21st century</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Design_changes">1.4 Design changes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#News_Corporation_and_News_Corp">1.5 News Corporation and News Corp</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Recent_milestones">1.6 Recent milestones</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Features_and_operations">2 Features and operations</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#WSJ.">2.1 WSJ.</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#OpinionJournal.com">2.2 OpinionJournal.com</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#WSJ_Noted.">2.3 WSJ Noted.</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Editorial_board">3 Editorial board</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Editorial_positions">3.1 Editorial positions</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-14"><a href="#Economic">3.1.1 Economic</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-15"><a href="#Political">3.1.2 Political</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-16"><a href="#Scientific">3.1.3 Scientific</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Political_views">4 Political views</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Bias_in_news_pages">4.1 Bias in news pages</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="#Pre-Murdoch_ownership">4.1.1 Pre-Murdoch ownership</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#During_Trump_presidency">4.1.2 During Trump presidency</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Notable_stories">5 Notable stories</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#1939:_World_War_I_battleships">5.1 1939: World War I battleships</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#1952:_Empire_Mail_Order">5.2 1952: Empire Mail Order</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#1954:_Automobile_models">5.3 1954: Automobile models</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#1973:_Spiro_Agnew_bribery">5.4 1973: Spiro Agnew bribery</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#1987:_RJR_Nabisco_buyout">5.5 1987: RJR Nabisco buyout</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="#1988:_Insider_trading">5.6 1988: Insider trading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="#1997:_AIDS_treatment">5.7 1997: AIDS treatment</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="#2000:_Enron">5.8 2000: Enron</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#2001:_9/11">5.9 2001: 9/11</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="#2007:_Stock_option_scandal">5.10 2007: Stock option scandal</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32"><a href="#2008:_Bear_Stearns_fall">5.11 2008: Bear Stearns fall</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-33"><a href="#2010:_McDonald's_healthcare">5.12 2010: McDonald's healthcare</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="#2015:_Malaysia_Prime_Minister_Najib_Razak_and_1MDB">5.13 2015: Malaysia Prime Minister Najib Razak and 1MDB</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><a href="#2015%E2%80%93present:_Theranos_investigation">5.14 2015–present: Theranos investigation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-36"><a href="#2018%E2%80%93present:_Investigation_into_Stormy_Daniels_payment">5.15 2018–present: Investigation into Stormy Daniels payment</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-37"><a href="#2021:_Facebook_company_files_leak">5.16 2021: Facebook company files leak</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-38"><a href="#Controversies">6 Controversies</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-39"><a href="#Hong_Kong_Journalists_Association">6.1 Hong Kong Journalists Association</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-40"><a href="#See_also">7 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-41"><a href="#References">8 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-42"><a href="#Further_reading">9 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-43"><a href="#External_links">10 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_and_19th_century">Founding and 19th century</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding and 19th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg/220px-The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="571" data-file-height="760"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg/220px-The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg/330px-The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg/440px-The_Wall_Street_Journal_first_issue.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Front page of the first issue of The Wall Street Journal on July 8, 1889</figcaption></figure> A predecessor to The Wall Street Journal was the Kiernan News Agency founded by <a href="/wiki/John_J._Kiernan" title="John J. Kiernan">John J. Kiernan</a> in 1869.<a href="#cite_note-Wells-11">[11]</a>: 321, 324 In 1880, Kiernan hired <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Dow" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles H. Dow">Charles H. Dow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_D._Jones" title="Edward D. Jones">Edward D. Jones</a> as reporters. On a recommendation of <a href="/wiki/Collis_Potter_Huntington" title="Collis Potter Huntington">Collis Potter Huntington</a>, Dow and Jones co-founded their own news service, <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_and_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Dow Jones and Company">Dow Jones and Company</a>, with fellow Kiernan reporter <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bergstresser" title="Charles Bergstresser">Charles Bergstresser</a>. Dow Jones was headquartered in the basement of 15 Wall Street, the same building as Kiernan's company next to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange_Building" title="New York Stock Exchange Building">New York Stock Exchange Building</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage2mode2upq22johnjkiernan22_2-3%5D-12">[12]</a> The first products of <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_%26_Company" title="Dow Jones & Company">Dow Jones & Company</a>, the publisher of the Journal, were brief news bulletins, nicknamed flimsies, hand-delivered throughout the day to traders at the <a href="/wiki/Stock_exchange" title="Stock exchange">stock exchange</a>.<a href="#cite_note-late_1800s-13">[13]</a> Beginning in 1883, they were aggregated in a printed daily summary called the Customers' Afternoon Letter, sold for $1.50 per month compared to the $15 a month Dow Jones bulletin service.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D-14">[14]</a> Dow Jones opened its own printing press at <a href="/wiki/Empire_Building_(Manhattan)" title="Empire Building (Manhattan)">71 Broadway</a> in 1885.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D-14">[14]</a> Beginning July 8, 1889, the Afternoon Letter was renamed The Wall Street Journal. The debut issue of the Journal was four pages long, with dimensions of 20 3/4 × 15 1/2 inches and cost of $0.02 per copy. In its early days, the Journal had "a tedious, blow-by-blow account of the day's business without benefit of editing," wrote Edward E. Scharff in 1986.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D-14">[14]</a> For nearly 40 years, the front page had a four-column format, with the middle two devoted to news briefs and the farther two filled with advertisements for brokerage services. The Journal focused on stories from news wires and listings of stocks and bonds, while occasionally covering sports or politics.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D-14">[14]</a> One front-page story on the debut edition of The Wall Street Journal was a raw wire report about the boxing match between <a href="/wiki/John_L._Sullivan" title="John L. Sullivan">John L. Sullivan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jake_Kilrain" title="Jake Kilrain">Jake Kilrain</a>, with varying accounts of the fight citing <a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore American">Baltimore American</a>, and anonymous sources.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22sullivanandkilrain22_5%5D-15">[15]</a> Seldom did The Wall Street Journal publish analysis or opinion articles in its early decades.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22analysiswasrare22_6%5D-16">[16]</a> In addition to a private wire to Boston, the Journal had reporters communicate via telegraph from Washington, Philadelphia, Chicago, Pittsburgh, <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a>, and London.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upqalbany_8%5D-17">[17]</a> In 1896, the Journal began publishing two separate Dow Jones stock indicies, the <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" title="Dow Jones Industrial Average">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Transportation_Average" title="Dow Jones Transportation Average">Dow Jones Railroad Average</a>.<a href="#cite_note-late_1800s-13">[13]</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22twoseparateindexes22_7]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22oneforindustrials22_8]_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22twoseparateindexes22_7%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22oneforindustrials22_8%5D-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The first morning edition of the Journal was published on November 14, 1898. By the late 1890s, daily circulation reached 7,000.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22analysiswasrare22_6%5D-16">[16]</a> Charles Dow wrote the first "Review and Outlook" column on April 21, 1899, a front-page editorial column explaining stock prices in terms of human nature; Dow's thinking would later be known as the <a href="/wiki/Dow_theory" title="Dow theory">Dow theory</a>. Scharff regarded Dow's essays from 1899 to 1902 as "stock market classics".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22Humannature22_6-_7%5D-20">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In the months before passing in 1902, Dow arranged to sell Dow Jones and the Journal to <a href="/wiki/Clarence_W._Barron" title="Clarence W. Barron">Clarence W. Barron</a>, Boston correspondent for the Journal since 1889, for $130,000 (equivalent to $4,578,000 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22in1902at22_9]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage10mode2upq22clarencewalkerbarron22_10]_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22in1902at22_9%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage10mode2upq22clarencewalkerbarron22_10%5D-21">[21]</a> Because Barron had financial difficulties, his wife Jessie Waldron Barron made the $2,500 down payment to buy Dow Jones in 1902; Clarence would first own a Dow Jones share about ten years later.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22jessiewaldron22_14%5D-22">[22]</a> Under Barron ownership, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._Woodlock" title="Thomas F. Woodlock">Thomas F. Woodlock</a> was editor of the Journal from 1902 to 1905.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> By the end of Woodlock's tenure, daily circulation for the Journal rose from 7,000 to 11,000.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22anestimated112C00022_15%5D-25">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Peter_Hamilton" title="William Peter Hamilton">William Peter Hamilton</a> became lead editorial writer in 1908, a time when the Journal began reflecting the views of Barron. Hamilton wrote what Scharff considered "daily sermons in support of free-market capitalism".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22dailysermons22_16%5D-26">[26]</a> Barron and his predecessors were credited with creating an atmosphere of fearless, independent financial reporting—a novelty in the early days of <a href="/wiki/Business_journalism" title="Business journalism">business journalism</a>. In 1921, <a href="/wiki/Barron%27s_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barron's (newspaper)">Barron's</a>, the United States's premier financial weekly, was founded.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> Scharff described the newspaper in the Barron era as "Wall Street's public defender" against regulatory efforts by the U.S. Congress.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage26mode2upq22Wallstreet27spublicdefender22_27%5D-28">[28]</a> Circulation continued to rise, reaching 18,750 to 1920 and 52,000 briefly in 1928.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22anestimated112C00022_15%5D-25">[25]</a> Barron died in 1928, a year before <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">Black Tuesday</a>, the stock market crash that greatly affected the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression in the United States</a>. Barron's descendants, the <a href="/wiki/Bancroft_family" title="Bancroft family">Bancroft family</a>, would continue to control the company until 2007.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">Wall Street Crash of 1929</a> would be yet another challenge to the Journal on top of Barron's death. William Peter Hamilton died of pneumonia on December 9, 1929, aged 63.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage34mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_34%5D-29">[29]</a> Circulation of the Journal, having surpassed 50,000 in 1928, dropped below 28,000 in the 1930s, and the newspaper downsized from 28 to 16 pages in the 1930s as well.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage36mode2upq22numberofpageswouldalsofall22_36%5D-30">[30]</a> Dow Jones president <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Bancroft_(attorney)" title="Hugh Bancroft (attorney)">Hugh Bancroft</a> retired in 1932; following his death in 1933, his widow Jane Waldron Bancroft appointed Kenneth Craven "Casey" Hogate as new company president.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage42mode2upq22metwithcaseyhogate22_43%5D-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Hogate envisioned expanding the scope of the Journal to a "more general business paper" beyond stock and bond numbers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22moregeneralbusinesspaper22_50%5D-33">[33]</a> Expanding westward, The Wall Street Journal debuted a West Coast edition on October 21, 1929, The Wall Street Journal Pacific Coast Edition. The Pacific Coast Edition focused on California businesses and replicated some items from the regular Wall Street Journal; however, its circulation never exceeded 3,000, and the Great Depression led numerous subscription cancellations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage34mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_34],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_50]_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage34mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_34%5D,_%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_50%5D-34">[34]</a> By 1931, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Kilgore" title="Bernard Kilgore">Bernard Kilgore</a> became news editor for The Wall Street Journal, having joined the Journal copy desk in 1929. He began writing a column for the Pacific Coast Edition called "Dear George", a feature explaining obscure financial topics in simpler, plain rhetoric. "Dear George" sharply contrasted with other Wall Street Journal articles that relied on jargon that was incomprehensible even to its own reporters. The Eastern edition of the Journal began carrying "Dear George", and beginning in 1932, Kilgore wrote "Dear George" three times a week from New York for the Journal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22bombaystraddle22_51]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22Deargeorge22_52]_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22bombaystraddle22_51%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22Deargeorge22_52%5D-35">[35]</a> Then in 1934, Kilgore began writing a daily news digest "What's News" for the Journal front page.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22themajorstoriesoftheday22_53%5D-36">[36]</a> Kilgore's writings attracted the attention of the White House; President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> publicly recommended Kilgore's work about pension payments for World War I veterans and a Supreme Court decision on the <a href="/wiki/National_Industrial_Recovery_Act_of_1933" title="National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933">National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22readkilgore22_53%5D-37">[37]</a> However, the Journal continued to struggle financially, with circulation stagnant at 32,000 in 1940. Most editions were only 12 to 14 pages long, and Dow Jones made only $69,000 of profits on $2 million of revenue, mostly due to its news ticker. Scharff observed a lack of coverage about a possible U.S. role in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upq22attentionwasrivetedoneurope22_60%5D-38">[38]</a> In the 1940s, Dow Jones took steps to restructure the Journal. Kilgore was named managing editor of the Journal in 1941 and Dow Jones CEO in 1945.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> Scharff described Kilgore's approach to journalism: "A Journal story had to satisfy its sophisticated readership, but it also had to be clear enough not to discourage neophytes."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage62mode2upq22satisfyitssophisticated22_63]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage64mode2upq22neverdisplacethehometown22_64]_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage62mode2upq22satisfyitssophisticated22_63%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage64mode2upq22neverdisplacethehometown22_64%5D-39">[39]</a> Additionally, Kilgore aimed to have the newspaper appeal to a national audience, by making the East Coast and West Coast editions of the Journal more homogeneous.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage62mode2upq22satisfyitssophisticated22_63]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage64mode2upq22neverdisplacethehometown22_64]_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage62mode2upq22satisfyitssophisticated22_63%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage64mode2upq22neverdisplacethehometown22_64%5D-39">[39]</a> Until printing presses and reporting bureaus could be opened on location, photographs could not be included in the Journal.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> In <a href="/wiki/1947_Pulitzer_Prize" title="1947 Pulitzer Prize">1947</a>, the paper won its first <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a> for William Henry Grimes's <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Editorial_Writing" title="Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing">editorials</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> Also in May 1947, the Journal launched a Southwest edition based in <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_103]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_105]_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_103%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_105%5D-40">[40]</a> The newspaper also added a new slogan in 1949: "Everywhere, Men Who Get Ahead in Business Read The Wall Street Journal."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_103]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_105]_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_103%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_105%5D-40">[40]</a> Circulation grew by nearly four-fold, from 32,000 in 1940 to 140,000 in 1949; however, Kilgore's editorial reforms of the Journal had not yet entered popular understanding.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upq22attentionwasrivetedoneurope22_60],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage104mode2upq22over1402C00022_104]_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upq22attentionwasrivetedoneurope22_60%5D,_%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage104mode2upq22over1402C00022_104%5D-41">[41]</a> The first major journalism award for the Journal was a <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Professional_Journalists" title="Society of Professional Journalists">Sigma Delta Chi</a> public service award, for stories in late 1952 exposing links between Empire Mail Order and organized crime. These stories followed news that <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hughes" title="Howard Hughes">Howard Hughes</a> sold <a href="/wiki/RKO_Pictures" title="RKO Pictures">RKO Pictures</a> to Empire Mail Order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage120mode2upq22howardhughes22_121]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage122mode2upqrko_122]_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage120mode2upq22howardhughes22_121%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage122mode2upqrko_122%5D-42">[42]</a> Circulation of the Journal continued increasing throughout the 1950s, to 205,000 in 1951, 400,000 in 1955, and over 500,000 by 1957.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage154mode2upq22halfmillionmark22_154%5D-43">[43]</a> <a href="/wiki/Warren_H._Phillips" title="Warren H. Phillips">Warren H. Phillips</a> became managing editor of The Wall Street Journal in 1957 after being promoted from Chicago bureau manager. Phillips was Jewish, in contrast to the largely midwestern, <a href="/wiki/WASP" class="mw-redirect" title="WASP">WASP</a> management of the Journal at the time. Phillips, a former socialist, shifted his political views in the 1950s to reflect social liberalism and fiscal conservatism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage166mode2upq22warrenphillipsbecame22_167]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage168mode2upq22tragicomicspectacle22_169]_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage166mode2upq22warrenphillipsbecame22_167%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage168mode2upq22tragicomicspectacle22_169%5D-44">[44]</a> Under Phillips, the Journal provided in-depth coverage of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights movement</a>, on the grounds that it "was something that the average businessman needed to know about".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage166mode2upq22warrenphillipsbecame22_167]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage168mode2upq22tragicomicspectacle22_169]_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage166mode2upq22warrenphillipsbecame22_167%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage168mode2upq22tragicomicspectacle22_169%5D-44">[44]</a> For instance, Journal coverage of the <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine" title="Little Rock Nine">Little Rock Central High School integration crisis</a> went beyond the largely visual, emotional elements on newspapers and television, in depicting local citizens as supportive of integration in contrast to Governor <a href="/wiki/Orval_Faubus" title="Orval Faubus">Orval Faubus</a> and other local politicians.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage170mode2upq22governorfaubushimself22_170-171%5D-45">[45]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/1962%E2%80%931963_New_York_City_newspaper_strike" title="1962–1963 New York City newspaper strike">1962–1963 New York City newspaper strike</a>, the Journal was the only daily newspaper to continue printing in New York City; however, after the strike, Kilgore ordered the printing presses moved from New York to <a href="/wiki/Chicopee,_Massachusetts" title="Chicopee, Massachusetts">Chicopee, Massachusetts</a> effective July 1, 1963. Although Kilgore did not publicly explain his rationale then, Scharff wrote in 1986 that the move resulted from feuds between Dow Jones and the printer's union.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage118mode2upqchicopee_118-119%5D-46">[46]</a> By Kilgore's death in 1967, Wall Street Journal circulation exceeded one million.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> In 1967, Dow Jones Newswires began a major expansion outside of the United States ultimately placing its journalists in every major financial center in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>. In 1970, Dow Jones bought the Ottaway newspaper chain, which at the time comprised nine dailies and three Sunday newspapers. Later, the name was changed to <a href="/wiki/Local_Media_Group" title="Local Media Group">Dow Jones Local Media Group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The first strike affecting a Journal printing plant was a three-day strike at <a href="/wiki/Silver_Spring,_Maryland" title="Silver Spring, Maryland">Silver Spring, Maryland</a>, in 1967; that would be followed by a weeklong strike by truck drivers at the <a href="/wiki/South_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="South Brunswick, New Jersey">South Brunswick, New Jersey</a>, in 1970.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage118mode2upqchicopee_118-119%5D-46">[46]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm/220px--President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="161" data-durationhint="1819" data-mwtitle="President_Reagan's_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7,_1985.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7,_1985.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="654" data-height="480"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-width="654" data-height="480"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="328" data-height="240"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm/President_Reagan%27s_Interview_with_the_Wall_Street_Journal_in_the_Oval_Office_on_February_7%2C_1985.webm.360p.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360"></source></video><figcaption>U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> interviewed by The Wall Street Journal in the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a> in February 1985</figcaption></figure> The period from 1971 to 1997 brought about a series of launches, acquisitions, and joint ventures, including "<a href="/wiki/Factiva" title="Factiva">Factiva</a>", <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal_Asia" title="The Wall Street Journal Asia">The Wall Street Journal Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal_Europe" title="The Wall Street Journal Europe">The Wall Street Journal Europe</a>, the WSJ.com website, Dow Jones Indexes, <a href="/wiki/MarketWatch" title="MarketWatch">MarketWatch</a>, and "WSJ Weekend Edition". In 2007, <a href="/wiki/News_Corporation" title="News Corporation">News Corp.</a> acquired Dow Jones.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/WSJ." class="mw-redirect" title="WSJ.">WSJ.</a>, a luxury lifestyle magazine, was launched in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> A complement to the print newspaper, The Wall Street Journal Online, was launched in 1996 and has allowed access only by subscription from the beginning.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> A weekly (later daily) crossword edited by <a href="/wiki/Mike_Shenk" title="Mike Shenk">Mike Shenk</a> was introduced in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 21st century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_11_February_2002-1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> with Wall Street Journal correspondent <a href="/wiki/Karen_Elliott_House" title="Karen Elliott House">Karen Elliott House</a> in 2002</figcaption></figure> In 2003, Dow Jones began to integrate reporting of the Journal's print and online subscribers together in <a href="/wiki/Audit_Bureau_of_Circulations_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Audit Bureau of Circulations (North America)">Audit Bureau of Circulations</a> statements.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In 2007, it was commonly believed to be the largest paid-subscription news site on the Web, with 980,000 paid subscribers.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> Since then, digital subscription has risen to 1.3 million as of September 2018, falling to number two behind <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> with 3 million digital subscriptions.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> In May 2008, an annual subscription to the <a href="/wiki/Digital_edition" title="Digital edition">digital edition</a> of The Wall Street Journal cost $119 for those who do not have subscriptions to the print edition. By June 2013, the monthly cost for a subscription to the online edition was $22.99, or $275.88 annually, excluding introductory offers.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Digital subscription rates increased dramatically to $443.88 per year as its popularity increased over print, with first-time subscribers paying $187.20 per year.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> On November 30, 2004, <a href="/wiki/Oasys_Mobile" title="Oasys Mobile">Oasys Mobile</a> and The Wall Street Journal released an app that would allow users to access content from The Wall Street Journal Online via their mobile phones.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In September 2005, the Journal launched a weekend edition, delivered to all subscribers, which marked a return to Saturday publication after a lapse of some 50 years. The move was designed in part to attract more consumer advertising.<a href="#cite_note-Crossen-27">[27]</a> In 2005, the Journal reported a readership profile of about 60 percent top management, an average income of $191,000, an average household net worth of $2.1 million, and an average age of 55.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> In 2007, the Journal launched a worldwide expansion of its website to include major foreign-language editions. The paper had also shown an interest in buying the rival <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design_changes">Design changes</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Design changes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The nameplate is unique in having a period at the end.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Front-page advertising in the Journal was re-introduced on September 5, 2006. This followed similar introductions in the European and Asian editions in late 2005.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> After presenting nearly identical front-page layouts for half a century – always six columns, with the day's top stories in the first and sixth columns, "What's News" digest in the second and third, the "A-hed" feature story in the fourth (with 'hed' being jargon for <a href="/wiki/Headline" title="Headline">headline</a>) and themed weekly reports in the fifth column<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> – the paper in 2007 decreased its <a href="/wiki/Broadsheet" title="Broadsheet">broadsheet</a> width from 15 to 12 inches while keeping the length at 22<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>3⁄4 inches, to save <a href="/wiki/Newsprint" title="Newsprint">newsprint</a> costs. News design consultant <a href="/wiki/Mario_Garc%C3%ADa_(designer)" title="Mario García (designer)">Mario Garcia</a> collaborated on the changes. Dow Jones said it would save $18 million a year in newsprint costs across all The Wall Street Journal papers.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> This move eliminated one column of print, pushing the "A-hed" out of its traditional location (though the paper now usually includes a quirky feature story on the right side of the front page, sandwiched among the lead stories). The paper uses ink dot drawings called <a href="/wiki/Hedcut" title="Hedcut">hedcuts</a>, introduced in 1979 and originally created by <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Sprouls" title="Kevin Sprouls">Kevin Sprouls</a>,<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> in addition to photographs, a method of illustration considered a consistent visual signature of the paper. the Journal still heavily employs the use of <a href="/wiki/Caricatures" class="mw-redirect" title="Caricatures">caricatures</a>, including those by illustrator <a href="/wiki/Ken_Fallin" title="Ken Fallin">Ken Fallin</a>, such as when <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Noonan" title="Peggy Noonan">Peggy Noonan</a> memorialized then-recently deceased newsman <a href="/wiki/Tim_Russert" title="Tim Russert">Tim Russert</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> The use of color photographs and graphics has become increasingly common in recent years with the addition of more "lifestyle" sections. The daily was awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_News_Design" title="Society for News Design">Society for News Design</a> World's Best Designed Newspaper award for 1994 and 1997.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News_Corporation_and_News_Corp">News Corporation and News Corp</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: News Corporation and News Corp" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> On May 2, 2007, <a href="/wiki/News_Corporation" title="News Corporation">News Corporation</a> made an unsolicited takeover bid for <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_%26_Company" title="Dow Jones & Company">Dow Jones</a>, offering $60 per share for stock that had been selling for $36.33 per share.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Bancroft_family" title="Bancroft family">Bancroft family</a>, which controlled more than 60% of the voting stock, at first rejected the offer, but later reconsidered its position.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Three months later, on August 1, 2007, News Corporation and Dow Jones entered into a definitive merger agreement.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> The $5 billion sale added The Wall Street Journal to <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>'s news empire, which already included <a href="/wiki/Fox_News_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox News Channel">Fox News Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Business_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Business Network">Fox Business Network</a>, London's <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a> <a href="/wiki/Flagship_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagship station">flagship station</a> <a href="/wiki/WNYW" title="WNYW">WNYW</a> (Channel 5) and <a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MyNetworkTV</a> flagship <a href="/wiki/WWOR-TV" title="WWOR-TV">WWOR</a> (Channel 9).<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> On December 13, 2007, shareholders representing more than 60 percent of Dow Jones's voting stock approved the company's acquisition by News Corporation.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In an editorial page column, publisher <a href="/wiki/L._Gordon_Crovitz" title="L. Gordon Crovitz">L. Gordon Crovitz</a> said the Bancrofts and News Corporation had agreed that the Journal's news and opinion sections would preserve their editorial independence from their new corporate parent.<a href="#cite_note-Crovitz-72">[72]</a> A special committee was established to oversee the paper's editorial integrity. When the managing editor <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Brauchli" title="Marcus Brauchli">Marcus Brauchli</a> resigned on April 22, 2008, the committee said that News Corporation had violated its agreement by not notifying the committee earlier. However, Brauchli said he believed that new owners should appoint their own editor.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> A 2007 Journal article quoted charges that Murdoch had made and broken similar promises in the past. One large shareholder commented that Murdoch has long "expressed his personal, political and <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">business</a> biases through his newspapers and television stations". Former Times assistant editor <a href="/wiki/Fred_Emery_(journalist)" title="Fred Emery (journalist)">Fred Emery</a> remembers an incident when "Mr. Murdoch called him into his office in March 1982 and said he was considering firing Times editor <a href="/wiki/Harold_Evans" title="Harold Evans">Harold Evans</a>. Mr. Emery says he reminded Mr. Murdoch of his promise that editors couldn't be fired without the independent directors' approval. 'God, you don't take all that seriously, do you?' Mr. Murdoch answered, according to Mr. Emery." Murdoch eventually forced out Evans.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In 2011, <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> found evidence that the Journal had artificially inflated its European sales numbers, by paying Executive Learning Partnership for purchasing 16% of European sales. These inflated sales numbers then enabled the Journal to charge similarly inflated advertising rates, as the advertisers would think that they reached more readers than they actually did. In addition, the Journal agreed to run "articles" featuring Executive Learning Partnership, presented as news, but effectively advertising.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The case came to light after a Belgian Wall Street Journal employee, <a href="/wiki/Gert_Van_Mol" title="Gert Van Mol">Gert Van Mol</a>, informed Dow Jones CEO <a href="/wiki/Les_Hinton" title="Les Hinton">Les Hinton</a> about the questionable practice.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> As a result, the then Wall Street Journal Europe CEO and Publisher Andrew Langhoff was fired after it was found out he personally pressured journalists into covering one of the newspaper's business partners involved in the issue.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Since September 2011, all the online articles that resulted from the ethical wrongdoing carry a Wall Street Journal disclaimer informing the readers about the circumstances in which they were created. The Journal, along with its parent Dow Jones & Company, was among the businesses News Corporation spun off in 2013 as the new <a href="/wiki/News_Corp" title="News Corp">News Corp</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> In November 2016, in an effort to cut costs, the Journal's editor-in-chief, <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Baker" title="Gerard Baker">Gerard Baker</a>, announced layoffs of staff and consolidation of its print sections. The new "Business & Finance" section combined the former "Business & Tech" and "Money & Investing" sections. The new "Life & Arts" section took the place of "Personal Journal" and "Arena". In addition, the Journal's "Greater New York" coverage was reduced and moved to the main section of paper.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The section was shuttered on July 9, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-greater-ny-81">[81]</a> A 2018 survey conducted by <a href="/wiki/Gallup_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup (company)">Gallup</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Knight_Foundation" title="Knight Foundation">Knight Foundation</a> found that The Wall Street Journal was considered the third most-accurate and fourth most-unbiased news organization among the general public, tenth among <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a>, and second among <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> In an October 2018 <a href="/wiki/Simmons_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Simmons Research">Simmons Research</a> survey of 38 news organizations, The Wall Street Journal was ranked the most trusted news organization by Americans. <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Benton" title="Joshua Benton">Joshua Benton</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nieman_Journalism_Lab" class="mw-redirect" title="Nieman Journalism Lab">Nieman Journalism Lab</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> wrote that the paper's "combination of respected news pages and conservative editorial pages seem to be a magic formula for generating trust across the ideological spectrum."<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> The Personal Journal section branding was brought back in July 2020.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> From 2019 through 2022, the Journal partnered with <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> to provide content for the social-media site's "News Tab". Facebook paid the Journal in excess of $10 million during that period, terminating the relationship as part of a broader shift away from news content.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> On June 13, 2022, the Journal launched a <a href="/wiki/Review_site" title="Review site">product review website</a> called Buy Side.<a href="#cite_note-axios220622-86">[86]</a> The website remains free and has a distinct team from the Journal newsroom.<a href="#cite_note-axios220622-86">[86]</a> In February 2024, the Journal laid off about 20 employees, primarily economics reporters based in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> Moving forward, those beats will be covered by the newspaper's New York-based business team.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> The next month the paper laid off another five people from its standards and ethics team.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> In April, the paper laid off at least 11 people from its video and social media desks.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> In May, the Journal cut six editorial staff positions from its <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> bureau and another two reporter jobs in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>. Moving forward the paper will shift its focus in the region from Hong Kong to Singapore with new the creation of several new jobs at that bureau.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> More staff were laid off a few weeks later amid further restructuring, including at least eight reporters.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_milestones">Recent milestones</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Recent milestones" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li>WSJ Noted., a monthly digital magazine, launches on June 30, 2020, in a bid to attract younger readers.<a href="#cite_note-noted-nieman-92">[92]</a></li> <li>Reaches 3 million subscribers in May 2020<a href="#cite_note-biz-news-3m-93">[93]</a></li> <li>WSJ Live became available on mobile devices in September 2011.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a></li> <li>WSJ Weekend, the weekend newspaper, expanded September 2010, with two new sections: "Off Duty" and "Review".<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a></li> <li>"Greater New York", a stand-alone, full-color section dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metro</a> area, ran from April 2010 until July 2021.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt-greater-ny-81">[81]</a></li> <li>The Wall Street Journal's San Francisco Bay Area Edition, which focuses on local news and events, launched on November 5, 2009, appearing locally each Thursday in the print Journal and every day online at WSJ.com/SF.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></li> <li>WSJ Weekend, formerly called Saturday's Weekend Edition: September 2005.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a></li> <li>Launch of Today's Journal, which included both the addition of Personal Journal and color capacity to the Journal: April 2002.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></li> <li>Launch of The Wall Street Journal Sunday: September 12, 1999. A four-page print supplement of original investing news, market reports and personal-finance advice that ran in the business sections of other U.S. newspapers. WSJ Sunday circulation peaked in 2005 with 84 newspapers reaching nearly 11 million homes. The publication ceased on February 7, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a></li> <li>Friday Journal, formerly called First Weekend Journal: March 20, 1998.<a href="#cite_note-:3-102">[102]</a></li> <li>WSJ.com launched in April 1996.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></li> <li>First three-section Journal: October 1988.<a href="#cite_note-:3-102">[102]</a></li> <li>First two-section Journal: June 1980.<a href="#cite_note-:3-102">[102]</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Features_and_operations">Features and operations</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Features and operations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> Since 1980, the Journal has been published in multiple sections. The Journal increased its maximum issue length to 96 pages, including up to 24 color pages, in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> With the industry-wide decline in advertising, the Journal in 2009–10 more typically published about 50 to 60 pages per issue.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As of 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit">[update]</a>, The Wall Street Journal had a global news staff of around 2,000 journalists in 85 news bureaus across 51 countries.<a href="#cite_note-djfactsheet-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> As of 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit">[update]</a>, it had 26 printing plants.<a href="#cite_note-djfactsheet-105">[105]</a> Its Asia headquarters is in Hong Kong, but will move to Singapore after it stated it would do so in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> Regularly scheduled sections are: <ul><li>Section One: Every day; corporate news, as well as political and economic reporting and the opinion pages</li> <li>Marketplace: Monday through Friday; coverage of health, technology, <a href="/wiki/Mass_media" title="Mass media">media</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marketing" title="Marketing">marketing</a> industries (the second section was launched June 23, 1980)</li> <li>Money and Investing: Every day; covers and analyzes international financial markets (the third section was launched October 3, 1988)</li> <li>Personal Journal: Published Tuesday through Thursday; covers personal investments, <a href="/wiki/Career" title="Career">careers</a> and cultural pursuits (the section was introduced April 9, 2002)</li> <li>Off Duty: Published Saturdays in WSJ Weekend; focuses on fashion, food, design, travel and gear/tech. The section was launched September 25, 2010.</li> <li>Review: Published Saturdays in WSJ Weekend; focuses on essays, commentary, reviews and ideas. The section was launched September 25, 2010.</li> <li>Mansion: Published Fridays, focuses on high-end real estate. The section was launched October 5, 2012.</li> <li>WSJ Magazine: Launched in 2008 as a quarterly, this luxury magazine supplement distributed within the U.S., European and Asian editions of The Wall Street Journal grew to 12 issues per year in 2014.</li></ul> In addition, several columnists contribute regular features to the Journal opinion page: <ul><li>Mondays: Americas by <a href="/wiki/Mary_O%27Grady" title="Mary O'Grady">Mary O'Grady</a></li> <li>Wednesdays: Business World by <a href="/wiki/Holman_W._Jenkins_Jr." title="Holman W. Jenkins Jr.">Holman W. Jenkins Jr.</a></li> <li>Thursdays: Wonder Land by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Henninger" title="Daniel Henninger">Daniel Henninger</a></li> <li>Fridays: Potomac Watch by <a href="/wiki/Kimberley_Strassel" title="Kimberley Strassel">Kimberley Strassel</a></li> <li>Weekend Edition: Rule of Law, The Weekend Interview (variety of authors), Declarations by <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Noonan" title="Peggy Noonan">Peggy Noonan</a></li></ul> In addition to editorials and columns from the printed newspaper, wsj.com carries two daily web-only opinion columns: <ul><li>Best of the Web Today by <a href="/wiki/James_Taranto" title="James Taranto">James Taranto</a>, the editor of the former OpinionJournal.com website (no subscription required).<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a></li> <li>Political Diary edited by <a href="/wiki/Holman_W._Jenkins_Jr." title="Holman W. Jenkins Jr.">Holman W. Jenkins Jr.</a> and featuring <a href="/wiki/John_Fund" title="John Fund">John Fund</a> (separate subscription required).</li></ul> In addition to these regular opinion pieces, on Fridays the Journal publishes a religion-themed op-ed, titled "Houses of Worship", written by a different author each week. Authors range from the <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> to cardinals. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WSJ.">WSJ.</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: WSJ." class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/WSJ_Magazine" title="WSJ Magazine">WSJ Magazine</a></div> WSJ. is The Wall Street Journal's luxury lifestyle magazine. Its coverage spans art, fashion, entertainment, design, food, architecture, travel and more. Sarah Ball is Editor in Chief and Omblyne Pelier is Publisher.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Launched as a quarterly in 2008, the magazine grew to 12 issues a year for 2014.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> The magazine is inserted into the weekend U.S. edition of The Wall Street Journal and is available on WSJ.com and in the newspaper's iPad app. <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz" title="Penélope Cruz">Penélope Cruz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carmelo_Anthony" title="Carmelo Anthony">Carmelo Anthony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scarlett_Johansson" title="Scarlett Johansson">Scarlett Johansson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emilia_Clarke" title="Emilia Clarke">Emilia Clarke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daft_Punk" title="Daft Punk">Daft Punk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen" title="Gisele Bündchen">Gisele Bündchen</a> have all been featured on the cover. In 2012, the magazine launched its Innovator Awards program. An extension of the November Innovators issue, the awards ceremony, held in New York City at <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a>, honors visionaries across the fields of design, fashion, architecture, humanitarianism, art and technology. In 2013, Adweek named WSJ. the "Hottest Lifestyle Magazine of the Year" in its annual Hot List.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OpinionJournal.com">OpinionJournal.com</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: OpinionJournal.com" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">OpinionJournal.com</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data">News and opinion</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data">The Wall Street Journal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data">The Wall Street Journal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Revenue" title="Revenue">Revenue</a></th><td class="infobox-data">N/A</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opinionjournal.com">opinionjournal.com</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">N/A</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Redirects to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wsj.com/news/opinion">wsj.com/news/opinion</a></td></tr></tbody></table> OpinionJournal.com was a <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">website</a> featuring content from the editorial pages of The Wall Street Journal. It existed separately from the news content at wsj.com until January 2008, when it was merged into the main website.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> The editorials (titled "Review & Outlook") reflected The Journal's <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> political <a href="#Editorial_page_and_political_stance">editorial line</a>, as did its regular <a href="/wiki/Columnist" title="Columnist">columnists</a>, who included <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Noonan" title="Peggy Noonan">Peggy Noonan</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Fund" title="John Fund">John Fund</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Henninger" title="Daniel Henninger">Daniel Henninger</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WSJ_Noted.">WSJ Noted.</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: WSJ Noted." class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> On June 30, 2020, the Journal launched WSJ Noted., a monthly digital "news and culture" magazine for subscribers aged 18–34 in a bid to attract a younger audience to the Journal. The magazine has a group of some 7,000 young adults who are invited to preview content, provide feedback, and join Q&As with Noted staff.<a href="#cite_note-noted-nieman-92">[92]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Editorial_board">Editorial board</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Editorial board" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Editorial_board_at_The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="Editorial board at The Wall Street Journal">Editorial board at The Wall Street Journal</a></div> The Wall Street Journal editorial board members oversee the Journal's editorial page, dictating the tone and direction of the newspaper's opinion section. The Wall Street Journal does not provide details on the exact duties of board members. Every Saturday and Sunday, three editorial page writers and host <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gigot" title="Paul Gigot">Paul Gigot</a>, editor of the editorial page, appear on <a href="/wiki/Fox_News_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox News Channel">Fox News Channel</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Journal_Editorial_Report" title="Journal Editorial Report">Journal Editorial Report</a>, where they discuss current issues with a variety of guests. As editors of the editorial page, <a href="/wiki/Vermont_C._Royster" title="Vermont C. Royster">Vermont C. Royster</a> (served 1958–1971) and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bartley" title="Robert Bartley">Robert Bartley</a> (served 1972–2000) provided a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> interpretation of the news on a daily basis.<a href="#cite_note-vetter-113">[113]</a> Contrasts have been noted between the Journal's news reporting and its editorial pages.<a href="#cite_note-Smith_10/25/2020-114">[114]</a> "While Journal reporters keep busy informing readers," wrote one reporter in 1982, "Journal editorial writers put forth views that often contradict the paper's best reporting and news analysis."<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Two summaries published in 1995 by the progressive blog <a href="/wiki/Fairness_and_Accuracy_in_Reporting" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting">Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting</a>, and in 1996 by the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Journalism_Review" title="Columbia Journalism Review">Columbia Journalism Review</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> criticized the Journal's editorial page for inaccuracy during the 1980s and 1990s. One reference work in 2011 described the editorial pages as "rigidly neoconservative" while noting that the news coverage "has enjoyed a sterling reputation among readers of all political stripes".<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> In July 2020, more than 280 Journal journalists and Dow Jones staff members wrote a letter to new publisher <a href="/wiki/Almar_Latour" title="Almar Latour">Almar Latour</a> to criticize the opinion pages' "lack of <a href="/wiki/Fact-checking" title="Fact-checking">fact-checking</a> and transparency, and its apparent disregard for evidence", adding that "opinion articles often make assertions that are contradicted by WSJ reporting."<a href="#cite_note-wsj-opinion-news-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-119">[119]</a> The editorial board responded that its opinion pages "won't wilt under cancel-culture pressure" and that the objective of the editorial content is to be independent of the Journal's news content and offer alternative views to "the uniform progressive views that dominate nearly all of today's media."<a href="#cite_note-auto1-120">[120]</a> The board's response did not address issues regarding fact-checking that had been raised in the letter.<a href="#cite_note-auto-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editorial_positions">Editorial positions</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Editorial positions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Economic">Economic</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Economic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In the 1900s, the Journal supported the <a href="/wiki/United_States_antitrust_law" title="United States antitrust law">antitrust</a> efforts of President <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a>. However, after the ownership change from Dow to Barron, the Journal became far more unequivocally supportive of free-market economics in the 1920s.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22dailysermons22_16%5D-26">[26]</a> One editorial in March 1928 criticized Congressional efforts to regulate the securities industry: "People who know nothing about credit, surplus bank funds, collateral, call loans or anything else germane to the question profess to be terrified when the Stock Exchange loans attain the figure of $4 billion or more."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage28mode2upq22Peoplewhoknownothing22_28-29%5D-122">[122]</a> On April 14, 1932, the Journal published a commentary by former editor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._Woodlock" title="Thomas F. Woodlock">Thomas F. Woodlock</a> criticizing the <a href="/wiki/Glass%E2%80%93Steagall_legislation" title="Glass–Steagall legislation">Glass–Steagall</a> banking regulation bill: "There are those who cannot endure the sight of autonomous securities markets beyond the control of legislatures, bureaucrats, and, in fact, of courts."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage36mode2upq22numberofpageswouldalsofall22_36%5D-30">[30]</a> In the 1980s, the newspaper's editorial page was particularly influential as the leading voice for <a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">supply-side economics</a>. Under the editorship of <a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Bartley" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert L. Bartley">Robert L. Bartley</a>, it expounded at length on economic concepts such as the <a href="/wiki/Laffer_curve" title="Laffer curve">Laffer curve</a>, and how a decrease in certain marginal tax rates and the <a href="/wiki/Capital_gains_tax_in_the_United_States" title="Capital gains tax in the United States">capital gains tax</a> could allegedly increase overall tax revenue by generating more economic activity.<a href="#cite_note-bartley-obit-123">[123]</a> In the economic argument of <a href="/wiki/Exchange_rate_regime" title="Exchange rate regime">exchange rate regimes</a> (one of the most divisive issues among economists), the Journal has a tendency to support <a href="/wiki/Fixed_exchange_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fixed exchange rate">fixed exchange rates</a> over <a href="/wiki/Floating_exchange_rate" title="Floating exchange rate">floating exchange rates</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Political">Political</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Political" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_(6425462779).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg/220px-Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2362"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg/220px-Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg/330px-Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg/440px-Interview_Wall_Street_Journal_%286425462779%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mark_Rutte" title="Mark Rutte">Mark Rutte</a> (on right), prime minister of the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, being interviewed by The Journal in 2011</figcaption></figure> The Journal's editorial pages and columns, run separately from the news pages, have a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> bent and are highly influential in establishment conservative circles.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Despite this, the Journal refrains from endorsing candidates and has not endorsed a candidate since 1928.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> The editorial board has long argued for a pro-business <a href="/wiki/Immigration_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Immigration policy of the United States">immigration policy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> The Journal's editorial page was seen as critical of many aspects of <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s presidency. In particular, it has been a prominent critic of the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a> legislation passed in 2010, and has featured many opinion columns attacking various aspects of the bill.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The Journal's editorial page has also criticized the <a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_Obama_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy policy of the Obama administration">Obama administration's energy policies</a> and foreign policy.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> On October 25, 2017, the editorial board called for Special Counsel <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mueller" title="Robert Mueller">Robert Mueller</a> to resign from the investigation into <a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections</a> and accused <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign</a> of colluding with Russia.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> In December 2017, the editorial board repeated its calls for Mueller's resignation.<a href="#cite_note-:0-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-135">[135]</a> The editorials by the editorial board caused fractures within The Wall Street Journal, as reporters say that the editorials undermine the paper's credibility.<a href="#cite_note-:0-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> In October 2021, the Journal published a letter from former President Donald Trump in the Letters to the Editor section of the editorial pages. Other news sources described the contents of the letter as false and debunked claims about the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> The next day, the editorial board published their own critique of Trump's letter.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Scientific">Scientific</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Scientific" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The Journal editorial pages were described as a "forum for <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_denial" title="Climate change denial">climate change denial</a>" in 2011 due to columns that attacked climate scientists and accused them of engaging in fraud.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> A 2011 study found that the Journal was alone among major American print news media in how, mainly in its editorial pages, it adopted a <a href="/wiki/False_balance" title="False balance">false balance</a> that overplayed the uncertainty in climate science or denied anthropogenic climate change altogether.<a href="#cite_note-Feldman-143">[143]</a> That year, the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> described the Journal's editorial pages as "a place friendly to climate change skeptics".<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> In 2013, the editorial board and other opinion writers vocally criticized President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a>'s plan to address climate change, mostly without mentioning climate science.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> A 2015 study found The Wall Street Journal was the newspaper that was least likely to present negative <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Effects of global warming">effects of global warming</a> among several newspapers. It was also the most likely to present negative economic framing when discussing <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation" title="Climate change mitigation">climate change mitigation</a> policies, tending to take the stance that the cost of such policies generally outweighs their benefit.<a href="#cite_note-Feldman-143">[143]</a> <a href="/wiki/Climate_Feedback" title="Climate Feedback">Climate Feedback</a>, a fact-checking website on media coverage of climate science, determined that multiple opinion articles range between "low" and "very low" in terms of scientific credibility.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> The Partnership for Responsible Growth stated in 2016 that 14% of the guest editorials on climate change presented the results of "mainstream climate science", while the majority did not. The Partnership also determined that none of the 201 editorials concerning climate change that were published in The Wall Street Journal since 1997 conceded that the burning of <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">fossil fuels</a> is the main <a href="/wiki/Cause_of_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Cause of climate change">cause of climate change</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> In the 1980s and 1990s, the Journal published numerous opinion columns opposing and misrepresenting the scientific consensus on the harms of <a href="/wiki/Passive_smoking" title="Passive smoking">second-hand smoke</a>,<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> <a href="/wiki/Acid_rain" title="Acid rain">acid rain</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ozone_depletion" title="Ozone depletion">ozone depletion</a>,<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> in addition to public policy efforts to curb pesticides and asbestos.<a href="#cite_note-handful-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> The Journal later recognized that efforts to curb acid rain through cap-and-trade had been successful, a decade after the Clean Air Act Amendments.<a href="#cite_note-:2-158">[158]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Political_views">Political views</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Political views" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> Its reporting has been described as "<a href="/wiki/Small-c_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Small-c conservatism">small-c conservatism</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Smith_10/25/2020-114">[114]</a> Some of the Journal's former reporters[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">who?</a>] say that the paper has adopted a more conservative tone since <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>'s purchase.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bias_in_news_pages">Bias in news pages</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bias in news pages" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pre-Murdoch_ownership">Pre-Murdoch ownership</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Pre-Murdoch ownership" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The Journal's editors stress the independence and impartiality of their reporters.<a href="#cite_note-Crovitz-72">[72]</a> According to CNN in 2007, the Journal's "newsroom staff has a reputation for non-partisan reporting."<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> Ben Smith of the New York Times described the Journal's news reporting as "small-c [conservative]", and noted that its readership leans further to the right than that of other major newspapers.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Under the ownership of Clarence W. Barron, the Journal generally restricted editorializing to its opinion pages, but a 1922 series of news articles described the <a href="/wiki/Organized_labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Organized labor">organized labor</a> movement as having "one of the most sordid records of humanity".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22mostsordidrecords22_16-17%5D-162">[162]</a> In a 2004 study, Tim Groseclose and <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Milyo" title="Jeffrey Milyo">Jeffrey Milyo</a> argue the Journal's news pages have a pro-liberal bias because they more often quote liberal think tanks. They calculated the ideological attitude of news reports in 20 media outlets by counting the frequency they cited particular <a href="/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank">think tanks</a> and comparing that to the frequency that legislators cited the same think tanks. They found that the news reporting of the Journal was the most liberal (more liberal than <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> or <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>). The study did not factor in editorials.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Liberman" title="Mark Liberman">Mark Liberman</a> criticized the model used to calculate bias in the study and argued that the model unequally affected liberals and conservatives and that "the model starts with a very peculiar assumption about the relationship between political opinion and the choice of authorities to cite." The authors assume that "think tank ideology ... only matters to liberals."<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> The company's planned and eventual acquisition by <a href="/wiki/News_Corp" title="News Corp">News Corp</a> in 2007 led to significant media criticism and discussion about whether the news pages would exhibit a rightward slant under <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> An August 1, 2007, editorial responded to the questions by asserting that Murdoch intended to "maintain the values and integrity of the Journal".<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="During_Trump_presidency">During Trump presidency</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: During Trump presidency" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 2016 and 2017, the Journal leadership under Baker came under fire from critics, both from the outside and from within the newsroom[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">who?</a>], who viewed the paper's coverage of President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> as too timid.<a href="#cite_note-Ember-167">[167]</a> Particularly controversial was the Journal's November 2016 front-page headline that repeated Trump's false claim that "millions of people" had voted illegally in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_elections,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="United States elections, 2016">election</a>, only noting that the statement was "without corroboration".<a href="#cite_note-Ember-167">[167]</a> Also controversial was a January 2017 note from Baker to Journal editors, directing them to avoid using the phrase "seven majority-Muslim countries" when writing about <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13769" title="Executive Order 13769">Trump's executive order on travel and immigration</a>; Baker later sent a follow-up note "clarifying that there was 'no ban'" on the phrase, "but that the publication should 'always be careful that this term is not offered as the only description of the countries covered under the ban.'"<a href="#cite_note-Ember-167">[167]</a> At a town-hall-style meeting with Journal staff in February 2017, Baker defended the paper's coverage, saying that it was objective and protected the paper from being "dragged into the political process" through a dispute with the Trump administration.<a href="#cite_note-Ember-167">[167]</a> On February 19, 2020, China announced the revoking of the press credentials of three Wall Street Journal reporters based in Beijing. China accused the paper of failing to apologize for publishing articles that criticized China's efforts to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, and failing to investigate and punish those responsible.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> In June 2020, following the <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_George_Floyd" title="Murder of George Floyd">murder of George Floyd</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">subsequent protests</a>, journalists at the Journal sent a letter to editor in chief <a href="/wiki/Matt_Murray_(journalist)" title="Matt Murray (journalist)">Matt Murray</a> demanding changes to the way the paper covers race, policing and finance. The reporters stated that they "frequently meet resistance when trying to reflect the accounts and voices of workers, residents or customers, with some editors voicing heightened skepticism of those sources' credibility compared with executives, government officials or other entities".<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Notable_stories">Notable stories</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notable stories" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> The Journal has won 38 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prizes</a> in its history. Staff journalists who led some of the newspaper's best-known coverage teams have later published books that summarized and extended their reporting. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1939:_World_War_I_battleships">1939: World War I battleships</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: 1939: World War I battleships" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 1939, <a href="/wiki/Vermont_C._Royster" title="Vermont C. Royster">Vermont C. Royster</a> wrote a series of articles showing the length of time required for <a href="/wiki/List_of_battleships_of_World_War_I" title="List of battleships of World War I">World War I battleships</a> to be ready for duty. One story summarized the process of manufacturing armor plates. The U.S. Navy accused Royster, then a Naval Reserve officer, of using classified information for his reporting. Royster said that he obtained the information from <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage58mode2upq22worldwaribattleship22_59]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upqbritannica_60]_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage58mode2upq22worldwaribattleship22_59%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upqbritannica_60%5D-170">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1952:_Empire_Mail_Order">1952: Empire Mail Order</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: 1952: Empire Mail Order" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In October 1952, the Chicago bureau of the Journal received a press release announcing that <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hughes" title="Howard Hughes">Howard Hughes</a> sold his controlling interest in <a href="/wiki/RKO_Pictures" title="RKO Pictures">RKO Pictures</a> to the Empire Mail Order Company. Managing editor Henry Gemmill led reporting efforts that resulted in articles in late 1952 exposing links between Empire Mail Order and organized crime. Following these stories, Hughes canceled the RKO sale. These stories also led to the first major industry award for the Journal, a <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Professional_Journalists" title="Society of Professional Journalists">Sigma Delta Chi</a> public service award for these stories.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage120mode2upq22howardhughes22_121]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage122mode2upqrko_122]_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage120mode2upq22howardhughes22_121%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage122mode2upqrko_122%5D-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1954:_Automobile_models">1954: Automobile models</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: 1954: Automobile models" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> On May 28, 1954, the Journal published a front-page story by John Williams revealing designs of 1955 automobiles by <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a>, and other auto makers. Williams had talked to factory workers and auto executives for several weeks. The story revealed that the cars would have larger engines and wrap-around windshields. The inclusion of drawings was notable for being a rare use of graphics by the Journal of the time. Nearly a week later, <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> canceled its nearly $250,000 in advertising with the Journal; GM president <a href="/wiki/Harlow_Curtice" title="Harlow Curtice">Harlow Curtice</a> accused the Journal of copyright infringement and breach of confidentiality.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22Williamsdidnotattempt22_126]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22may28195422_127]_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22Williamsdidnotattempt22_126%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22may28195422_127%5D-171">[171]</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tofel" title="Richard Tofel">Richard Tofel</a> of <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> commented on this story in 2015: "The little-remembered incident helped establish the notion that news organizations could and should preserve their independence from advertisers."<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1973:_Spiro_Agnew_bribery">1973: Spiro Agnew bribery</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: 1973: Spiro Agnew bribery" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> On August 7, 1973, in an article by <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Landauer" title="Jerry Landauer">Jerry Landauer</a>, the Journal was the first publication to report that U.S. Vice President <a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Spiro Agnew</a> was under federal investigation on bribery, extortion, and tax fraud charges. Agnew released a statement confirming the investigation on the night before the Journal article was published.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> After pleading no contest to one charge of income tax evasion, Agnew was sentenced to a $10,000 fine and three-year suspended jail sentence. On the same day of his sentencing, Agnew resigned as vice president on October 10, 1973.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1987:_RJR_Nabisco_buyout">1987: RJR Nabisco buyout</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: 1987: RJR Nabisco buyout" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 1987, a bidding war ensued between several financial firms for tobacco and food giant <a href="/wiki/RJR_Nabisco" title="RJR Nabisco">RJR Nabisco</a>. Bryan Burrough and John Helyar documented the events in more than two dozen Journal articles. Burrough and Helyar later used these articles as the basis of a bestselling book, <a href="/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate:_The_Fall_of_RJR_Nabisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco">Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco</a>, which was turned into a <a href="/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate_(film)" title="Barbarians at the Gate (film)">film</a> for HBO.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1988:_Insider_trading">1988: Insider trading</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: 1988: Insider trading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In the 1980s, then-Journal reporter <a href="/wiki/James_B._Stewart" title="James B. Stewart">James B. Stewart</a> brought national attention to the illegal practice of <a href="/wiki/Insider_trading" title="Insider trading">insider trading</a>. He was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a> in explanatory journalism in 1988, which he shared with <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hertzberg" title="Daniel Hertzberg">Daniel Hertzberg</a>,<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> who went on to serve as the paper's senior deputy managing editor before resigning in 2009. Stewart expanded on this theme in his 1991 book, <a href="/wiki/Den_of_Thieves_(Stewart_book)" title="Den of Thieves (Stewart book)">Den of Thieves</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1997:_AIDS_treatment">1997: AIDS treatment</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: 1997: AIDS treatment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> David Sanford, a Page One features editor who was infected with <a href="/wiki/HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a> in 1982 in a bathhouse, wrote a front-page personal account of how, with the assistance of improved treatments for HIV, he went from planning his death to planning his retirement.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> He and six other reporters wrote about the new treatments, political and economic issues, and won the 1997 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_National_Reporting" title="Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting">Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting</a> about <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">AIDS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000:_Enron">2000: Enron</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: 2000: Enron" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Weil" title="Jonathan Weil">Jonathan Weil</a>, a reporter at the Dallas bureau of The Wall Street Journal, is credited with first breaking the story of financial abuses at <a href="/wiki/Enron" title="Enron">Enron</a> in September 2000.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Smith_(journalist)" title="Rebecca Smith (journalist)">Rebecca Smith</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_R._Emshwiller" title="John R. Emshwiller">John R. Emshwiller</a> reported on the story regularly,<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> and wrote a book, 24 Days. In October 2021, the Journal released Bad Bets, a podcast that recounted the papers reporting on Enron.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2001:_9/11">2001: 9/11</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: 2001: 9/11" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The Journal claims to have sent the first news report, on the Dow Jones wire, of a plane crashing into the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a> on <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11, 2001</a>.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Its headquarters, at <a href="/wiki/One_World_Financial_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="One World Financial Center">One World Financial Center</a>, was severely damaged by the collapse of the World Trade Center just across the street.<a href="#cite_note-The_Eye_of_the_Storm-185">[185]</a> Top editors worried that they might miss publishing the first issue for the first time in the paper's 112-year history. They relocated to a makeshift office at an editor's home, while sending most of the staff to Dow Jones's <a href="/wiki/South_Brunswick_Township,_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="South Brunswick Township, New Jersey">South Brunswick Township, New Jersey</a>, corporate campus.<a href="#cite_note-Harris_2011-186">[186]</a> The paper was on the stands the next day, albeit in scaled-down form. The front page included a first-hand account of the Twin Towers' collapse written by then-Foreign Editor John Bussey.<a href="#cite_note-The_Eye_of_the_Storm-185">[185]</a> Holed up in a ninth-floor office next to the towers, he phoned in live reports to <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a> as the towers burned.<a href="#cite_note-The_Eye_of_the_Storm-185">[185]</a> He narrowly escaped serious injury when the first tower collapsed, shattering all the windows in the Journal's offices and filling them with dust and debris. The Journal won a <a href="/wiki/2002_Pulitzer_Prize" title="2002 Pulitzer Prize">2002 Pulitzer Prize</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Breaking_News_Reporting" title="Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Reporting">Breaking News Reporting</a> for that day's stories.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-Harris_2011-186">[186]</a> The Journal subsequently conducted a worldwide investigation of the causes and significance of 9/11, using contacts it had developed while covering business in the Arab world. In <a href="/wiki/Kabul,_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabul, Afghanistan">Kabul, Afghanistan</a>, reporters Alan Cullison and Andrew Higgins bought a pair of looted computers that <a href="/wiki/Al_Qaeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Qaeda">Al Qaeda</a> leaders had used to plan assassinations, chemical and biological attacks, and mundane daily activities. The encrypted files were decrypted and translated.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> It was during this coverage that terrorists kidnapped and killed Journal reporter <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Pearl" title="Daniel Pearl">Daniel Pearl</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007:_Stock_option_scandal">2007: Stock option scandal</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: 2007: Stock option scandal" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 2007, the paper won the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Public_Service" title="Pulitzer Prize for Public Service">Pulitzer Prize for Public Service</a>, with its iconic gold medal,<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> for exposing companies that illegally <a href="/wiki/Options_backdating" title="Options backdating">backdate stock options</a> they awarded executives to increase their value. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008:_Bear_Stearns_fall">2008: Bear Stearns fall</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: 2008: Bear Stearns fall" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Kate Kelly wrote a three-part series that detailed events that led to the collapse of <a href="/wiki/Bear_Stearns" title="Bear Stearns">Bear Stearns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010:_McDonald's_healthcare">2010: McDonald's healthcare</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: 2010: McDonald's healthcare" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> A report<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> published on September 30, 2010, detailing allegations <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> had plans to drop health coverage for hourly employees drew criticism from McDonald's as well as the Obama administration. The Wall Street Journal reported the plan to drop coverage stemmed from new healthcare requirements under the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act</a>. McDonald's called the report "speculative and misleading", stating they had no plans to drop coverage.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> The Wall Street Journal report and subsequent rebuttal received coverage from several other media outlets.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015:_Malaysia_Prime_Minister_Najib_Razak_and_1MDB">2015: Malaysia Prime Minister Najib Razak and 1MDB</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: 2015: Malaysia Prime Minister Najib Razak and 1MDB" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 2015, a report<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> published by The Journal alleged that up to $700 million was wired from <a href="/wiki/1MDB" class="mw-redirect" title="1MDB">1MDB</a>, a Malaysian state investment company, to the personal accounts of Malaysia Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Najib_Razak" title="Najib Razak">Najib Razak</a> at <a href="/wiki/AmBank" title="AmBank">AmBank</a>, the fifth largest lender in Malaysia. Razak responded by threatening to sue the New York-based newspaper. The Journal's reporting on the <a href="/wiki/1Malaysia_Development_Berhad_scandal" title="1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal">1MDB scandal</a> was a finalist for the 2016 Pulitzer Prize in international reporting.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> The report prompted some governmental agencies in Malaysia to conduct an investigation into the allegation. On July 28, 2020, Najib Razak was found guilty on seven charges in the 1MDB scandal. He was sentenced to 12 years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015–present:_Theranos_investigation">2015–present: Theranos investigation</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: 2015–present: Theranos investigation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 2015, a report written by the Journal's <a href="/wiki/John_Carreyrou" title="John Carreyrou">John Carreyrou</a> alleged that blood testing company <a href="/wiki/Theranos" title="Theranos">Theranos</a>' technology was faulty and founder <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Holmes" title="Elizabeth Holmes">Elizabeth Holmes</a> was misleading investors.<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bilton-203">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a>, "a damning report published in The Wall Street Journal had alleged that the company was, in effect, a sham—that its vaunted core technology was actually faulty and that Theranos administered almost all of its blood tests using competitors' equipment."<a href="#cite_note-Bilton-203">[203]</a> The Journal has subsequently published several more reports questioning Theranos' and Holmes' credibility.<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> In May 2018, Carreyrou released a book about Theranos, <a href="/wiki/Bad_Blood:_Secrets_and_Lies_in_a_Silicon_Valley_Startup" title="Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup">Bad Blood</a>, which met with critical success (and was compared to Stewart's Den of Thieves<a href="#cite_note-Harry-207">[207]</a>). The following month, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States Attorney for the Northern District of California">U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of California</a> announced the indictment of Holmes on <a href="/wiki/Wire_fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Wire fraud">wire fraud</a> and conspiracy charges in relation to her role as CEO of Theranos.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> Holmes was <a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Elizabeth_A._Holmes,_et_al." title="United States v. Elizabeth A. Holmes, et al.">found guilty on four of the eleven original charges</a> in January 2022.<a href="#cite_note-griffith-209">[209]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>—at the time a major investor in Theranos and owner of the Journal—lost approximately $100 million in his investments in Theranos.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018–present:_Investigation_into_Stormy_Daniels_payment">2018–present: Investigation into Stormy Daniels payment</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: 2018–present: Investigation into Stormy Daniels payment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal" title="Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal">Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal</a></div> On January 12, 2018, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rothfeld" title="Michael Rothfeld">Michael Rothfeld</a> and Joe Palazzolo reported in The Wall Street Journal that during the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential campaign</a>, then-candidate <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s personal lawyer, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cohen_(lawyer)" title="Michael Cohen (lawyer)">Michael Cohen</a> coordinated a $130,000 payment to <a href="/wiki/Stormy_Daniels" title="Stormy Daniels">Stormy Daniels</a> for her silence regarding an alleged affair. In subsequent reports, the method of payment and many other details were extensively covered. In April of that year, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a> agents stormed Cohen's home, seizing records related to the transaction.<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> On August 21, 2018, Cohen pleaded guilty to eight counts including campaign finance violations in connection with the Daniels payment.<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> The coverage earned the Journal the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_National_Reporting" title="Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting">Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021:_Facebook_company_files_leak">2021: Facebook company files leak</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: 2021: Facebook company files leak" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/2021_Facebook_leak" title="2021 Facebook leak">2021 Facebook leak</a>.[<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2021_Facebook_leak&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> In 2021, an internal <a href="/wiki/Document_leak" class="mw-redirect" title="Document leak">document leak</a> from the company then known as Facebook (now <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platforms</a>, or Meta) showed it was aware of harmful societal effects from its platforms, yet persisted in prioritizing profit over addressing these harms. The leak, released by <a href="/wiki/Whistleblower" class="mw-redirect" title="Whistleblower">whistleblower</a> <a href="/wiki/Frances_Haugen" title="Frances Haugen">Frances Haugen</a>, resulted in reporting from The Wall Street Journal in September, as <a href="/wiki/2021_Facebook_leak" title="2021 Facebook leak">The Facebook Files</a> series, as well as the Facebook Papers, by a consortium of news outlets the next month. Primarily, the reports revealed that, based on internally-commissioned studies, the company was fully aware of negative impacts on teenage users of <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>, and the contribution of <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> activity to violence in developing countries. Other takeaways of the leak include the impact of the company's platforms on spreading false information, and Facebook's policy of promoting inflammatory posts. Furthermore, Facebook was fully aware that harmful content was being pushed through Facebook algorithms reaching young users. The types of content included posts promoting <a href="/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa" title="Anorexia nervosa">anorexia nervosa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Self-harm" title="Self-harm">self-harm</a> photos. In October 2021, <a href="/wiki/Whistleblower_Aid" title="Whistleblower Aid">Whistleblower Aid</a> filed eight anonymous <a href="/wiki/Whistleblower" class="mw-redirect" title="Whistleblower">whistleblower</a> complaints with the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a> (SEC) on behalf of Haugen alleging <a href="/wiki/Securities_fraud" title="Securities fraud">securities fraud</a> by the company, after Haugen leaked the company documents the previous month.<a href="#cite_note-2021_Facebook_leak_Zubrow_Gavrilovic_Ortiz_10-4-2021-214">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> After publicly revealing her identity on <a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-2021_Facebook_leak_Pelley_10-4-2021-217">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> Haugen testified before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Commerce_Subcommittee_on_Consumer_Protection,_Product_Safety,_and_Data_Security" title="United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Data Security">U.S. Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Data Security</a> about the content of the leaked documents and the complaints.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> After the company renamed itself as Meta Platforms,<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> Whistleblower Aid filed two additional securities fraud complaints with the SEC against the company on behalf of Haugen in February 2022.<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Controversies" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Criticism_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-criticism" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Criticism#Avoid_sections_and_articles_focusing_on_criticisms_or_controversies" title="Wikipedia:Criticism">"criticism" or "controversy" section</a> may compromise the article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Article_structure" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a>. Please help rewrite or integrate negative information to other sections <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">through discussion</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="Talk:The Wall Street Journal">talk page</a>. (July 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hong_Kong_Journalists_Association">Hong Kong Journalists Association</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Hong Kong Journalists Association" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In June 2024 Wall Street Journal editors learned that WSJ journalist <a href="/wiki/Selina_Cheng" title="Selina Cheng">Selina Cheng</a> was a candidate for the leadership role, or chairperson, of the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Journalists_Association" title="Hong Kong Journalists Association">Hong Kong Journalists Association</a>, the local press union. Cheng's editor demanded that she withdraw from the election and from participation in the union. However, the right to stand for election and participate in a union without employer consent are established under Hong Kong employment law. Cheng did not withdraw and was elected to the leadership role.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> In July 2024, Wall Street Journal chief editor Gordon Fairclough travelled to Hong Kong and fired her from her role at the WSJ. In response to press queries, the WSJ declined to comment on Cheng's case except to acknowledge there had been 'restructuring'. Cheng responded that the restructuring was a layoff of one person.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> The WSJ's action against Cheng attracted a storm of criticism from media organisations, press unions and Human Rights Proponents across the globe.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> Chinese state media, meanwhile, celebrated Cheng's sacking, with the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>-owned <a href="/wiki/Global_Times" title="Global Times">Global Times</a> tabloid calling the press union "a malignant tumour that harms the city's safety and security".<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> When Hong Kong's Security Minister made a similar statement, Cheng responded that The Wall Street Journal fired her to avoid advocating press freedom in the city.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> In November 2024, Cheng filed a lawsuit in Hong Kong against the newspaper over her firing.<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> In a series of articles on News Corp, Australian online news outlet <a href="/wiki/Crikey" title="Crikey">Crikey</a> described Cheng's firing as part of "turmoil" at the WSJ and that "the global purging of newsrooms is as much about creating a politically correct workforce of reliable journalistic cadres as it is about simply saving costs."<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States-China_Economic_and_Security_Review_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission">United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission</a> annual report noted the significance of the event as demonstrating "the pressures on foreign media to self-censor in line with the CCP’s requirements", and that the WSJ's action "calls into question claims that foreign businesses have been unaffected by the new atmosphere following the passage of the <a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law">NSL</a> and <a href="/wiki/Safeguarding_National_Security_Ordinance" title="Safeguarding National Security Ordinance">Article 23 Ordinance</a>."<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/28px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 28px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/28px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="28" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/42px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/56px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Journalism" title="Portal:Journalism">Journalism portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 19px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="32" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/48px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/64px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:New_York_City" title="Portal:New York City">New York City portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Peter_Hamilton" title="William Peter Hamilton">William Peter Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Economic_Times" title="The Economic Times">The Economic Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Economic_Review" title="Far Eastern Economic Review">Far Eastern Economic Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Economic_Freedom" title="Index of Economic Freedom">Index of Economic Freedom</a> – an annual report published by the Journal together with <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucky_duckies" title="Lucky duckies">Lucky duckies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_New_York_City" title="Media in New York City">Media in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Money_(2013_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="On the Money (2013 TV series)">On the Money (2013 TV series)</a> – the current title of a CNBC-produced program known as The Wall Street Journal Report from 1970 until the CNBC/Dow Jones split in January 2013.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal_Special_Editions" title="The Wall Street Journal Special Editions">The Wall Street Journal Special Editions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal_Radio_Network" title="Wall Street Journal Radio Network">Wall Street Journal Radio Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worth_Bingham_Prize" title="Worth Bingham Prize">Worth Bingham Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billion_Dollar_Whale_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Billion Dollar Whale (book)">Billion dollar whale</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <dl><dt>Works cited</dt></dl> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFScharff1986" class="citation book cs1">Scharff, Edward E. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha">Worldly Power: The Making of The Wall Street Journal</a>. New York: Beaufort Books Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8253-0359-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8253-0359-1"><bdi>0-8253-0359-1</bdi></a> – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Worldly+Power%3A+The+Making+of+The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Beaufort+Books+Publishers&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-8253-0359-1&rft.aulast=Scharff&rft.aufirst=Edward+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldlypowermaki0000scha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> zoominfo.com/c/the-wall-street-journal/42844277 </li> <li id="cite_note-circ-aug23-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-circ-aug23_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-circ-aug23_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://investors.newscorp.com/static-files/3e47bb14-f93c-4358-8118-78c0945c9124">"News Corporation 2023 the Annual Report on Form 10-K"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a>. August 15, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240319020042/https://investors.newscorp.com/static-files/3e47bb14-f93c-4358-8118-78c0945c9124">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=News+Corporation+2023+the+Annual+Report+on+Form+10-K&rft.pub=U.S.+Securities+and+Exchange+Commission&rft.date=2023-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finvestors.newscorp.com%2Fstatic-files%2F3e47bb14-f93c-4358-8118-78c0945c9124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20050508005015/en/The-Wall-Street-Journal-Strengthens-Its-International-Editions-Repositions-To-Better-Serve-Global-Business-Leaders-and-Advertisers">"The Wall Street Journal Strengthens Its International Editions; Repositions To Better Serve Global Business Leaders and Advertisers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Wire" title="Business Wire">Business Wire</a> (Press release). May 8, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203023159/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20050508005015/en/The-Wall-Street-Journal-Strengthens-Its-International-Editions-Repositions-To-Better-Serve-Global-Business-Leaders-and-Advertisers">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+Strengthens+Its+International+Editions%3B+Repositions+To+Better+Serve+Global+Business+Leaders+and+Advertisers&rft.date=2005-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesswire.com%2Fnews%2Fhome%2F20050508005015%2Fen%2FThe-Wall-Street-Journal-Strengthens-Its-International-Editions-Repositions-To-Better-Serve-Global-Business-Leaders-and-Advertisers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Benkler-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Benkler_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benkler_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYochai_BenklerRobert_FarisHal_Roberts2018" class="citation book cs1">Yochai Benkler; Robert Faris; Hal Roberts (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MVRuDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22wall+street+journal%22+%22center-right%22+editorial&pg=PA353">Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics</a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 353–354. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-092364-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-092364-8"><bdi>978-0-19-092364-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231118213425/https://books.google.com/books?id=MVRuDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22wall+street+journal%22+%22center-right%22+editorial&pg=PA353">Archived</a> from the original on November 18, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2023. <q>One of our clearest and starkest findings is the near disappearance of center-right media. There is the Wall Street Journal, with its conservative editorial page but continued commitment to journalistic standards in its reporting; and to some extent The Hill plays a center-right role. Both sites appear in the center of the partisan landscape according to our data because readers on the right did not pay attention to these sites any more than readers on the left did.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Network+Propaganda%3A+Manipulation%2C+Disinformation%2C+and+Radicalization+in+American+Politics&rft.pages=353-354&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-19-092364-8&rft.au=Yochai+Benkler&rft.au=Robert+Faris&rft.au=Hal+Roberts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMVRuDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522wall%2Bstreet%2Bjournal%2522%2B%2522center-right%2522%2Beditorial%26pg%3DPA353&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmber2017" class="citation news cs1">Ember, Sydney (March 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/22/business/media/wall-street-journal-editorial-trump.html">"Wall Street Journal Editorial Harshly Rebukes Trump"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170322202247/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/22/business/media/wall-street-journal-editorial-trump.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Editorial+Harshly+Rebukes+Trump&rft.date=2017-03-22&rft.aulast=Ember&rft.aufirst=Sydney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F03%2F22%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fwall-street-journal-editorial-trump.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowden2019" class="citation web cs1">Bowden, John (January 11, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/media/424877-wall-street-journal-editorial-conservatives-could-live-to-regret-trump/">"Wall Street Journal editorial: Conservatives 'could live to regret' Trump emergency declaration"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230520053655/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/424877-wall-street-journal-editorial-conservatives-could-live-to-regret-trump/">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+editorial%3A+Conservatives+%27could+live+to+regret%27+Trump+emergency+declaration&rft.date=2019-01-11&rft.aulast=Bowden&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fmedia%2F424877-wall-street-journal-editorial-conservatives-could-live-to-regret-trump%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVernon2017" class="citation web cs1">Vernon, Pete (March 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/wsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php">"Unpacking WSJ's 'watershed' Trump editorial"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Journalism_Review" title="Columbia Journalism Review">Columbia Journalism Review</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0010-194X">0010-194X</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170621040535/https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/wsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Journalism+Review&rft.atitle=Unpacking+WSJ%27s+%27watershed%27+Trump+editorial&rft.date=2017-03-22&rft.issn=0010-194X&rft.aulast=Vernon&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cjr.org%2Fbusiness_of_news%2Fwsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dowjones.com/products/wsj/">"dowjones.com: The Wall Street Journal"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221209052436/https://www.dowjones.com/products/wsj/">Archived</a> from the original on December 9, 2022. Retrieved August 28, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=dowjones.com%3A+The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dowjones.com%2Fproducts%2Fwsj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-category/209">"National Reporting"</a>. The Pulitzer Prizes. 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426232840/http://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-category/209">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2017. Retrieved August 3, 2022. <q>2019 – Staff of The Wall Street Journal: For uncovering President Trump's secret payoffs to two women during his campaign who claimed to have had affairs with him, and the web of supporters who facilitated the transactions, triggering criminal inquiries and calls for impeachment.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Pulitzer+Prizes&rft.atitle=National+Reporting&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulitzer.org%2Fprize-winners-by-category%2F209&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-year/2023">"2023 Pulitzer Prizes Winners & Finalists"</a>. www.pulitzer.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230511004021/https://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-year/2023">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pulitzer.org&rft.atitle=2023+Pulitzer+Prizes+Winners+%26+Finalists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulitzer.org%2Fprize-winners-by-year%2F2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wells-11"><a href="#cite_ref-Wells_11-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2020" class="citation journal cs1">Wells, Rob (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.robswells.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Journalism-History-2020-John-J-Kiernan-Business-Journalism-Pioneer-1845-1893.pdf">"John J. Kiernan: Business Journalism Pioneer, 1845-1893"</a> (PDF). Journalism History. 46 (4): 321–338. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00947679.2020.1787780">10.1080/00947679.2020.1787780</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journalism+History&rft.atitle=John+J.+Kiernan%3A+Business+Journalism+Pioneer%2C+1845-1893&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=321-338&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00947679.2020.1787780&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.robswells.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2022%2F05%2FJournalism-History-2020-John-J-Kiernan-Business-Journalism-Pioneer-1845-1893.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage2mode2upq22johnjkiernan22_2-3]-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage2mode2upq22johnjkiernan22_2-3%5D_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/2/mode/2up?q=%22john+j.+kiernan%22">2-3</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-late_1800s-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-late_1800s_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-late_1800s_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090227030114/http://www.dowjones.com/TheCompany/History/History.htm">"Dow Jones History: The Late 1800s"</a>. Dow Jones and Company. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dowjones.com/TheCompany/History/History.htm">the original</a> on February 27, 2009. Retrieved September 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dow+Jones+History%3A+The+Late+1800s&rft.pub=Dow+Jones+and+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dowjones.com%2FTheCompany%2FHistory%2FHistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4]-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D_14-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22afternoonletter22_4%5D_14-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22afternoon+letter%22">4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22sullivanandkilrain22_5]-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage4mode2upq22sullivanandkilrain22_5%5D_15-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22sullivan+and+kilrain%22">5</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22analysiswasrare22_6]-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22analysiswasrare22_6%5D_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22analysiswasrare22_6%5D_16-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/6/mode/2up?q=%22analysis+was+rare%22">6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upqalbany_8]-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upqalbany_8%5D_17-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/8/mode/2up?q=albany">8</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22twoseparateindexes22_7]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22oneforindustrials22_8]-18"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22twoseparateindexes22_7%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22oneforindustrials22_8%5D_18-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/6/mode/2up?q=%22two+separate+indexes%22">7</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/8/mode/2up?q=%22one+for+industrials%22">8</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guides.loc.gov/this-month-in-business-history/may/djia-first-published">"Dow Jones Industrial Average First Published"</a>. Library of Congress. Retrieved September 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dow+Jones+Industrial+Average+First+Published&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fguides.loc.gov%2Fthis-month-in-business-history%2Fmay%2Fdjia-first-published&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22Humannature22_6-_7]-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage6mode2upq22Humannature22_6-_7%5D_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/6/mode/2up?q=%22Human+nature%22">6- 7</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22in1902at22_9]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage10mode2upq22clarencewalkerbarron22_10]-21"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage8mode2upq22in1902at22_9%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage10mode2upq22clarencewalkerbarron22_10%5D_21-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/8/mode/2up?q=%22in+1902+at%22">9</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/10/mode/2up?q=%22clarence+walker+barron%22">10</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22jessiewaldron22_14]-22"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22jessiewaldron22_14%5D_22-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22jessie+waldron%22">14</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nebnewspapers.unl.edu/lccn/sn88086144/1903-10-22/ed-1/seq-12/">"News of the Week"</a>. The Nebraska Independent. Lincoln. October 22, 1903. p. 12. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via University of Nebraska–Lincoln.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nebraska+Independent&rft.atitle=News+of+the+Week&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1903-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnebnewspapers.unl.edu%2Flccn%2Fsn88086144%2F1903-10-22%2Fed-1%2Fseq-12%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.nd.edu/Scholastic/VOL_0078/VOL_0078_ISSUE_0009.pdf">"Thomas F. Woodlock, Editor "Wall Street Journal" is 61st Laetare Medalist"</a> (PDF). The Notre Dame Scholastic. Vol. 78, no. 9. April 9, 1943. p. 10. Retrieved September 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Notre+Dame+Scholastic&rft.atitle=Thomas+F.+Woodlock%2C+Editor+%22Wall+Street+Journal%22+is+61st+Laetare+Medalist&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1943-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.nd.edu%2FScholastic%2FVOL_0078%2FVOL_0078_ISSUE_0009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22anestimated112C00022_15]-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22anestimated112C00022_15%5D_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage14mode2upq22anestimated112C00022_15%5D_25-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22an+estimated+11%2C000%22">15</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22dailysermons22_16]-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22dailysermons22_16%5D_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22dailysermons22_16%5D_26-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/16/mode/2up?q=%22daily+sermons%22">16</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Crossen-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crossen_27-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrossen2007" class="citation news cs1">Crossen, Cynthia (August 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20071215123521/https://online.wsj.com/article/SB118591182345183718.html">"It All Began in the Basement of a Candy Store"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. p. B1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118591182345183718">the original</a> on December 15, 2007. Retrieved July 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=It+All+Began+in+the+Basement+of+a+Candy+Store&rft.pages=B1&rft.date=2007-08-01&rft.aulast=Crossen&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB118591182345183718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage26mode2upq22Wallstreet27spublicdefender22_27]-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage26mode2upq22Wallstreet27spublicdefender22_27%5D_28-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/26/mode/2up?q=%22Wall+street%27s+public+defender%22">27</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage34mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_34]-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage34mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_34%5D_29-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/34/mode/2up?q=%22pacific+coast+edition%22">34</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage36mode2upq22numberofpageswouldalsofall22_36]-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage36mode2upq22numberofpageswouldalsofall22_36%5D_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage36mode2upq22numberofpageswouldalsofall22_36%5D_30-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/36/mode/2up?q=%22number+of+pages+would+also+fall%22">36</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage42mode2upq22metwithcaseyhogate22_43]-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage42mode2upq22metwithcaseyhogate22_43%5D_31-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/42/mode/2up?q=%22met+with+casey+hogate%22">43</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ijhf.org/members/1976/kenneth-craven-hogate">"Kenneth Craven Hogate"</a>. Indiana Journalism Hall of Fame. Retrieved September 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kenneth+Craven+Hogate&rft.pub=Indiana+Journalism+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ijhf.org%2Fmembers%2F1976%2Fkenneth-craven-hogate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22moregeneralbusinesspaper22_50]-33"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22moregeneralbusinesspaper22_50%5D_33-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/50/mode/2up?q=%22more+general+business+paper%22">50</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage34mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_34],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_50]-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage34mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_34%5D,_%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22pacificcoastedition22_50%5D_34-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/34/mode/2up?q=%22pacific+coast+edition%22">34</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/50/mode/2up?q=%22pacific+coast+edition%22">50</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22bombaystraddle22_51]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22Deargeorge22_52]-35"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage50mode2upq22bombaystraddle22_51%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22Deargeorge22_52%5D_35-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/50/mode/2up?q=%22bombay+straddle%22">51</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/52/mode/2up?q=%22Dear+george%22">52</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22themajorstoriesoftheday22_53]-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22themajorstoriesoftheday22_53%5D_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/52/mode/2up?q=%22the+major+stories+of+the+day%22">53</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22readkilgore22_53]-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage52mode2upq22readkilgore22_53%5D_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/52/mode/2up?q=%22read+kilgore%22">53</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upq22attentionwasrivetedoneurope22_60]-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upq22attentionwasrivetedoneurope22_60%5D_38-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/60/mode/2up?q=%22attention+was+riveted+on+europe%22">60</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage62mode2upq22satisfyitssophisticated22_63]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage64mode2upq22neverdisplacethehometown22_64]-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage62mode2upq22satisfyitssophisticated22_63%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage64mode2upq22neverdisplacethehometown22_64%5D_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage62mode2upq22satisfyitssophisticated22_63%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage64mode2upq22neverdisplacethehometown22_64%5D_39-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/62/mode/2up?q=%22satisfy+its+sophisticated%22">63</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/64/mode/2up?q=%22never+displace+the+hometown%22">64</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_103]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_105]-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_103%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_105%5D_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_103%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage102mode2upqdallas_105%5D_40-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/102/mode/2up?q=dallas">103</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/102/mode/2up?q=dallas">105</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upq22attentionwasrivetedoneurope22_60],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage104mode2upq22over1402C00022_104]-41"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upq22attentionwasrivetedoneurope22_60%5D,_%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage104mode2upq22over1402C00022_104%5D_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/60/mode/2up?q=%22attention+was+riveted+on+europe%22">60</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/104/mode/2up?q=%22over+140%2C000%22">104</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage120mode2upq22howardhughes22_121]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage122mode2upqrko_122]-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage120mode2upq22howardhughes22_121%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage122mode2upqrko_122%5D_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage120mode2upq22howardhughes22_121%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage122mode2upqrko_122%5D_42-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/120/mode/2up?q=%22howard+hughes%22">121</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/122/mode/2up?q=rko">122</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage154mode2upq22halfmillionmark22_154]-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage154mode2upq22halfmillionmark22_154%5D_43-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/154/mode/2up?q=%22half+million+mark%22">154</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage166mode2upq22warrenphillipsbecame22_167]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage168mode2upq22tragicomicspectacle22_169]-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage166mode2upq22warrenphillipsbecame22_167%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage168mode2upq22tragicomicspectacle22_169%5D_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage166mode2upq22warrenphillipsbecame22_167%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage168mode2upq22tragicomicspectacle22_169%5D_44-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/166/mode/2up?q=%22warren+phillips+became%22">167</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/168/mode/2up?q=%22tragicomic+spectacle%22">169</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage170mode2upq22governorfaubushimself22_170-171]-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage170mode2upq22governorfaubushimself22_170-171%5D_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/170/mode/2up?q=%22governor+faubus+himself%22">170-171</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage118mode2upqchicopee_118-119]-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage118mode2upqchicopee_118-119%5D_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage118mode2upqchicopee_118-119%5D_46-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/118/mode/2up?q=chicopee">118-119</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220412031909/https://www.dowjoneslmg.com/">"Dow Jones Local Media Group, Inc"</a>. Local Media Group. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dowjoneslmg.com/">the original</a> on April 12, 2022. Retrieved July 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dow+Jones+Local+Media+Group%2C+Inc.&rft.pub=Local+Media+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dowjoneslmg.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPérez-Peña2007" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_P%C3%A9rez-Pe%C3%B1a" title="Richard Pérez-Peña">Pérez-Peña, Richard</a> (December 14, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/14/business/media/14dow.html">"News Corp. Completes Takeover of Dow Jones"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved September 14, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=News+Corp.+Completes+Takeover+of+Dow+Jones&rft.date=2007-12-14&rft.aulast=P%C3%A9rez-Pe%C3%B1a&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F12%2F14%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2F14dow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdgecliffe-Johnson2008" class="citation news cs1">Edgecliffe-Johnson, Andrew (September 3, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929154941/http://us.ft.com/ftgateway/superpage.ft?news_id=fto090320082104328499">"WSJ magazine targets upscale market"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://us.ft.com/ftgateway/superpage.ft?news_id=fto090320082104328499">the original</a> on September 29, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=WSJ+magazine+targets+upscale+market&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft.aulast=Edgecliffe-Johnson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fus.ft.com%2Fftgateway%2Fsuperpage.ft%3Fnews_id%3Dfto090320082104328499&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStulberg2017" class="citation news cs1">Stulberg, Ariel (May 23, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/news-paywalls-new-york-times-wall-street-journal.php">"Testing news paywalls: Which are leaky, and which are airtight?"</a>. Columbia Journalism Review. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210525152518/https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/news-paywalls-new-york-times-wall-street-journal.php">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved November 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Journalism+Review&rft.atitle=Testing+news+paywalls%3A+Which+are+leaky%2C+and+which+are+airtight%3F&rft.date=2017-05-23&rft.aulast=Stulberg&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cjr.org%2Fbusiness_of_news%2Fnews-paywalls-new-york-times-wall-street-journal.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKassel2015" class="citation news cs1">Kassel, Matthew (September 14, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observer.com/2015/09/cruciverbalists-rejoice-the-wall-street-journal-adds-a-daily-crossword-puzzle/">"Cruciverbalists Rejoice! The Wall Street Journal Adds a Daily Crossword Puzzle"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">Observer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231110062016/https://observer.com/2015/09/cruciverbalists-rejoice-the-wall-street-journal-adds-a-daily-crossword-puzzle/">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Observer&rft.atitle=Cruciverbalists+Rejoice%21+The+Wall+Street+Journal+Adds+a+Daily+Crossword+Puzzle&rft.date=2015-09-14&rft.aulast=Kassel&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobserver.com%2F2015%2F09%2Fcruciverbalists-rejoice-the-wall-street-journal-adds-a-daily-crossword-puzzle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> "The Wall Street Journal Announces New Integrated Print and Online Sales and Marketing Initiatives". Press release. November 3, 2003. </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phys.org/news/2018-11-newscorp-higher-profits-subscriptions.html">"NewsCorp sees higher profits as subscriptions rise"</a>. phys.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190413220253/https://phys.org/news/2018-11-newscorp-higher-profits-subscriptions.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved April 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=phys.org&rft.atitle=NewsCorp+sees+higher+profits+as+subscriptions+rise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphys.org%2Fnews%2F2018-11-newscorp-higher-profits-subscriptions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://subscribe.wsj.com">"Subscribing to the Wall Street Journal"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. June 17, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114212045/https://subscribe.wsj.com/">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Subscribing+to+the+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.date=2013-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsubscribe.wsj.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://store.wsj.com/shop/us/us/wsjusasa0419/?inttrackingCode=aaqt86ty&icid=WSJ_ON_PHP_ACQ_NA&n2IKsaD9=n2IKsaD9&Pg9aWOPT=Pg9aWOPT&Cp5dKJWb=Cp5dKJWb&APCc9OU1=APCc9OU1%7Ctitle=The">"The Wall Street Journal"</a>. store.wsj.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210806141222/https://store.wsj.com/shop/us/us/wsjusasa0419/?inttrackingCode=aaqt86ty&icid=WSJ_ON_PHP_ACQ_NA&n2IKsaD9=n2IKsaD9&Pg9aWOPT=Pg9aWOPT&Cp5dKJWb=Cp5dKJWb&APCc9OU1=APCc9OU1%7Ctitle=The">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=store.wsj.com&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstore.wsj.com%2Fshop%2Fus%2Fus%2Fwsjusasa0419%2F%3FinttrackingCode%3Daaqt86ty%26icid%3DWSJ_ON_PHP_ACQ_NA%26n2IKsaD9%3Dn2IKsaD9%26Pg9aWOPT%3DPg9aWOPT%26Cp5dKJWb%3DCp5dKJWb%26APCc9OU1%3DAPCc9OU1%257Ctitle%3DThe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webcitation.org/65bLOoIHm?url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=131111">"Oasys Mobile, Inc. News Release"</a>. Phx.corporate. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=131111&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=807942&highlight=">the original</a> on February 20, 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oasys+Mobile%2C+Inc.+News+Release&rft.pub=Phx.corporate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphx.corporate-ir.net%2Fphoenix.zhtml%3Fc%3D131111%26p%3Dirol-newsArticle%26ID%3D807942%26highlight%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitchell2005" class="citation web cs1">Mitchell, Bill (September 21, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060816134815/http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=89351">"The Wall Street Journal Weekend Edition: Expectations, Surprises, Disappointments"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Poynter_Institute" title="Poynter Institute">Poynter Online</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=89351">the original</a> on August 16, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Poynter+Online&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+Weekend+Edition%3A+Expectations%2C+Surprises%2C+Disappointments&rft.date=2005-09-21&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poynter.org%2Fcontent%2Fcontent_view.asp%3Fid%3D89351&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWray2007" class="citation news cs1">Wray, Richard (February 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0,,2003063,00.html">"How the word on Wall Street will spread around the world"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070203082414/http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0%2C%2C2003063%2C00.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+the+word+on+Wall+Street+will+spread+around+the+world&rft.date=2007-02-01&rft.aulast=Wray&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.guardian.co.uk%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C2003063%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2012" class="citation news cs1">Lee, Carol E. (July 31, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120805075139/https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444840104577553020326811222.html">"Punctuation Nerds Stopped by Obama Slogan, 'Forward.'"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390444840104577553020326811222">the original</a> on August 5, 2012. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Punctuation+Nerds+Stopped+by+Obama+Slogan%2C+%27Forward.%27&rft.date=2012-07-31&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Carol+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10000872396390444840104577553020326811222&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060814030343/http://biz.yahoo.com/pz/060718/102326.html">"Wall Street Journal Introduces New Front Page Advertising Opportunity"</a>. July 18, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biz.yahoo.com/pz/060718/102326.html">the original</a> on August 14, 2006. Retrieved August 19, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Introduces+New+Front+Page+Advertising+Opportunity&rft.date=2006-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiz.yahoo.com%2Fpz%2F060718%2F102326.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090101105307/http://info.wsj.com/college/guidedtour/pageone.html">"WSJ.com Guided Tour: Page One"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.wsj.com/college/guidedtour/pageone.html">the original</a> on January 1, 2009. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WSJ.com+Guided+Tour%3A+Page+One&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfo.wsj.com%2Fcollege%2Fguidedtour%2Fpageone.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhrens2005" class="citation news cs1">Ahrens, Frank (October 12, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/11/AR2005101101551.html">"Wall Street Journal To Narrow Its Pages"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080724120700/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/11/AR2005101101551.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved August 19, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+To+Narrow+Its+Pages&rft.date=2005-10-12&rft.aulast=Ahrens&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2005%2F10%2F11%2FAR2005101101551.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051105024706/http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/journal/">"Picturing Business in America"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Portrait_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery">Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/journal/">the original</a> on November 5, 2005. Retrieved August 19, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+National+Portrait+Gallery&rft.atitle=Picturing+Business+in+America&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npg.si.edu%2Fexh%2Fjournal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoonan2008" class="citation news cs1">Noonan, Peggy (June 20, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080624231715/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121390975307189781.html">"A Life's Lesson"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121390975307189781">the original</a> on June 24, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Life%27s+Lesson&rft.date=2008-06-20&rft.aulast=Noonan&rft.aufirst=Peggy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB121390975307189781&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090924092509/http://www.bizbash.com/orlando/content/editorial/12186_caricaturist_captures_the_corporate_market.php">"Caricaturist Captures the Corporate Market"</a>. Biz Bash Orlando. August 11, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bizbash.com/orlando/content/editorial/12186_caricaturist_captures_the_corporate_market.php">the original</a> on September 24, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biz+Bash+Orlando&rft.atitle=Caricaturist+Captures+the+Corporate+Market&rft.date=2008-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizbash.com%2Forlando%2Fcontent%2Feditorial%2F12186_caricaturist_captures_the_corporate_market.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snd.org/competitions/print/worlds-best-designed/">"World's Best-Designed winners (2006)"</a>. Society for News Design. February 23, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170811101446/http://www.snd.org/competitions/print/worlds-best-designed/">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2017. Retrieved October 8, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+Best-Designed+winners+%282006%29&rft.pub=Society+for+News+Design&rft.date=2011-02-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snd.org%2Fcompetitions%2Fprint%2Fworlds-best-designed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulliganMenn2007" class="citation web cs1">Mulligan, Thomas S.; Menn, Joseph (May 2, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-may-02-fi-dowjones2-story.html">"Murdoch offers $5 billion for Wall St. Journal owner"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. Retrieved September 15, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Murdoch+offers+%245+billion+for+Wall+St.+Journal+owner&rft.date=2007-05-02&rft.aulast=Mulligan&rft.aufirst=Thomas+S.&rft.au=Menn%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2007-may-02-fi-dowjones2-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllison2010" class="citation book cs1">Ellison, Sarah (2010). War at the Wall Street Journal: Inside the Struggle To Control an American Business Empire. Boston: <a href="/wiki/Mariner_Books" title="Mariner Books">Mariner Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780547152431" title="Special:BookSources/9780547152431"><bdi>9780547152431</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+at+the+Wall+Street+Journal%3A+Inside+the+Struggle+To+Control+an+American+Business+Empire&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Mariner+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780547152431&rft.aulast=Ellison&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6923474.stm">"Murdoch wins Control of Dow Jones"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. August 1, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070805015221/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6923474.stm">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2007. Retrieved August 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Murdoch+wins+Control+of+Dow+Jones&rft.date=2007-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F6923474.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna20032918">"Murdoch clinches deal for publisher of Journal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>. August 1, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141023174208/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20032918/">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2014. Retrieved August 9, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Murdoch+clinches+deal+for+publisher+of+Journal&rft.date=2007-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2Fwbna20032918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portfolio.com/news-markets/top-5/2007/12/13/News-Corp-Dow-Jones-Deal-Done">"News Corp Dow Jones Deal Done"</a>. Portfolio.com. September 11, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511054943/http://www.portfolio.com/news-markets/top-5/2007/12/13/News-Corp-Dow-Jones-Deal-Done">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved June 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=News+Corp+Dow+Jones+Deal+Done&rft.pub=Portfolio.com&rft.date=2008-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portfolio.com%2Fnews-markets%2Ftop-5%2F2007%2F12%2F13%2FNews-Corp-Dow-Jones-Deal-Done&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crovitz-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crovitz_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crovitz_72-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/L._Gordon_Crovitz" title="L. Gordon Crovitz">L. Gordon Crovitz</a>, "A Report to Our Readers". The Wall Street Journal (New York), page A14, August 1, 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStecklow2008" class="citation news cs1">Stecklow, Steve (April 30, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080502202549/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120949530982953531.html">"WSJ Editor's Resignation Is Criticized By Committee"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. p. B1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120949530982953531.html">the original</a> on May 2, 2008. Retrieved September 27, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=WSJ+Editor%27s+Resignation+Is+Criticized+By+Committee&rft.pages=B1&rft.date=2008-04-30&rft.aulast=Stecklow&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB120949530982953531.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStecklowPatrickPeersHiggins2007" class="citation news cs1">Stecklow, Steve; Patrick, Aaron O.; Peers, Martin; Higgins, Andrew (June 5, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071213115324/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118100557923424501.html">"In Murdoch's Career, A Hand on the News"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. p. A1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118100557923424501.html">the original</a> on December 13, 2007. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=In+Murdoch%27s+Career%2C+A+Hand+on+the+News&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2007-06-05&rft.aulast=Stecklow&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.au=Patrick%2C+Aaron+O.&rft.au=Peers%2C+Martin&rft.au=Higgins%2C+Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB118100557923424501.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavies2011" class="citation news cs1">Davies, Nick (October 12, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/oct/12/wall-street-journal-andrew-langhoff">"Wall Street Journal circulation scam claims senior Murdoch executive"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111019182535/http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2011/oct/12/wall-street-journal-andrew-langhoff">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+circulation+scam+claims+senior+Murdoch+executive&rft.date=2011-10-12&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2011%2Foct%2F12%2Fwall-street-journal-andrew-langhoff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/news-corp-wall-street-journal-phone-hacking-250764">"News Corp Ignored Wall Street Journal Circulation Inflation (Report)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. US. October 12, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120411230654/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/news-corp-wall-street-journal-phone-hacking-250764">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=News+Corp+Ignored+Wall+Street+Journal+Circulation+Inflation+%28Report%29&rft.date=2011-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Fnews-corp-wall-street-journal-phone-hacking-250764&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyers2011" class="citation news cs1">Meyers, Steve (October 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111114094516/http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/mediawire/149205/wall-street-journal-europe-publisher-resigns-after-deal-suggested-outside-influence-over-editorial-content/">"WSJ Europe publisher resigns after reports he 'personally pressured' journalists into covering paper's business partner"</a>. US: <a href="/wiki/Poynter_Institute" title="Poynter Institute">Poynter Institute</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/mediawire/149205/wall-street-journal-europe-publisher-resigns-after-deal-suggested-outside-influence-over-editorial-content/">the original</a> on November 14, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WSJ+Europe+publisher+resigns+after+reports+he+%27personally+pressured%27+journalists+into+covering+paper%27s+business+partner&rft.date=2011-10-13&rft.aulast=Meyers&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poynter.org%2Flatest-news%2Fmediawire%2F149205%2Fwall-street-journal-europe-publisher-resigns-after-deal-suggested-outside-influence-over-editorial-content%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSonne2011" class="citation news cs1">Sonne, Paul (October 12, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111013062055/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203499704576625162816696954.html">"Publisher of WSJ Europe Resigns After Ethics Inquiry"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203499704576625162816696954.html">the original</a> on October 13, 2011. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Publisher+of+WSJ+Europe+Resigns+After+Ethics+Inquiry&rft.date=2011-10-12&rft.aulast=Sonne&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052970203499704576625162816696954.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newscorp.com/2013/06/28/the-new-news-corp-launches-as-global-media-and-information-services-company/">"The New News Corp Launches as Global Media and Information Services Company"</a>. News Corp. June 18, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240421015745/https://newscorp.com/2013/06/28/the-new-news-corp-launches-as-global-media-and-information-services-company/">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News+Corp&rft.atitle=The+New+News+Corp+Launches+as+Global+Media+and+Information+Services+Company&rft.date=2013-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewscorp.com%2F2013%2F06%2F28%2Fthe-new-news-corp-launches-as-global-media-and-information-services-company%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fortune.com/2016/11/02/wall-street-journal-layoffs-cuts-sections/">"Wall Street Journal Begins Layoffs, Cuts Sections"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. New York. November 2, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161104012400/http://fortune.com/2016/11/02/wall-street-journal-layoffs-cuts-sections/">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Begins+Layoffs%2C+Cuts+Sections&rft.date=2016-11-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffortune.com%2F2016%2F11%2F02%2Fwall-street-journal-layoffs-cuts-sections%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-greater-ny-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-greater-ny_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-greater-ny_81-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2021" class="citation news cs1">Robertson, Katie (June 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/17/business/wsj-greater-new-york-section.html">"The Wall Street Journal will close its Greater New York section"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/17/business/wsj-greater-new-york-section.html">the original</a> on December 28, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+will+close+its+Greater+New+York+section.&rft.date=2021-06-17&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F06%2F17%2Fbusiness%2Fwsj-greater-new-york-section.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallupKnight_Foundation2018" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gallup_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup (company)">Gallup</a>; <a href="/wiki/Knight_Foundation" title="Knight Foundation">Knight Foundation</a> (June 20, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://knightfoundation.org/reports/perceived-accuracy-and-bias-in-the-news-media/">"Perceived accuracy and bias in the news media"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211123044852/https://knightfoundation.org/reports/perceived-accuracy-and-bias-in-the-news-media/">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perceived+accuracy+and+bias+in+the+news+media&rft.date=2018-06-20&rft.au=Gallup&rft.au=Knight+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fknightfoundation.org%2Freports%2Fperceived-accuracy-and-bias-in-the-news-media%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenton2018" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Benton" title="Joshua Benton">Benton, Joshua</a> (October 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/">"Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nieman_Lab" class="mw-redirect" title="Nieman Lab">Nieman Lab</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2020. Retrieved July 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nieman+Lab&rft.atitle=Here%27s+how+much+Americans+trust+38+major+news+organizations+%28hint%3A+not+all+that+much%21%29&rft.date=2018-10-05&rft.aulast=Benton&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.niemanlab.org%2F2018%2F10%2Fheres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoush2020" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Roush" title="Chris Roush">Roush, Chris</a> (July 13, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/wsj-is-bringing-back-the-print-personal-journal-section/">"WSJ is bringing back the print Personal Journal section"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Talking_Biz_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Talking Biz News">Talking Biz News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200715053832/https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/wsj-is-bringing-back-the-print-personal-journal-section/">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talking+Biz+News&rft.atitle=WSJ+is+bringing+back+the+print+Personal+Journal+section&rft.date=2020-07-13&rft.aulast=Roush&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalkingbiznews.com%2Fthey-talk-biz-news%2Fwsj-is-bringing-back-the-print-personal-journal-section%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer2022" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Sara (July 28, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/2022/07/28/meta-publishers-news-funding-cut">"Meta officially cuts funding for U.S. news publishers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Axios_(website)" title="Axios (website)">Axios</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220803235841/https://www.axios.com/2022/07/28/meta-publishers-news-funding-cut">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved August 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=Meta+officially+cuts+funding+for+U.S.+news+publishers&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2F2022%2F07%2F28%2Fmeta-publishers-news-funding-cut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-axios220622-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-axios220622_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-axios220622_86-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer2022" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Sara (June 11, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/2022/06/11/wsj-new-commerce-site-buy-side">"Exclusive: WSJ debuts new commerce site "Buy Side""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Axios_(website)" title="Axios (website)">Axios</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220629155321/https://www.axios.com/2022/06/11/wsj-new-commerce-site-buy-side">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved August 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=Exclusive%3A+WSJ+debuts+new+commerce+site+%22Buy+Side%22&rft.date=2022-06-11&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2F2022%2F06%2F11%2Fwsj-new-commerce-site-buy-side&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSommer2024" class="citation news cs1">Sommer, Will (February 2, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2024/02/01/wall-street-journal-shakes-up-dc-bureau-with-big-layoffs/">"Wall Street Journal shakes up D.C. bureau with big layoffs"</a>. Washington Post. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240202194847/https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2024/02/01/wall-street-journal-shakes-up-dc-bureau-with-big-layoffs/">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2024. Retrieved February 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+shakes+up+D.C.+bureau+with+big+layoffs&rft.date=2024-02-02&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Sommer&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fstyle%2Fmedia%2F2024%2F02%2F01%2Fwall-street-journal-shakes-up-dc-bureau-with-big-layoffs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoush2024" class="citation web cs1">Roush, Chris (March 18, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talkingbiznews.com/media-news/wsj-lays-off-five-on-standards-and-ethics-team/">"WSJ lays off five on standards and ethics team"</a>. Talking Biz News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240318234147/https://talkingbiznews.com/media-news/wsj-lays-off-five-on-standards-and-ethics-team/">Archived</a> from the original on March 18, 2024. Retrieved March 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Talking+Biz+News&rft.atitle=WSJ+lays+off+five+on+standards+and+ethics+team&rft.date=2024-03-18&rft.aulast=Roush&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalkingbiznews.com%2Fmedia-news%2Fwsj-lays-off-five-on-standards-and-ethics-team%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolies2024" class="citation news cs1">Bolies, Corbin (April 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/wall-street-journal-lays-off-staff-on-video-and-social-desks">"Wall Street Journal Has Yet Another Round of Layoffs"</a>. The Daily Beast. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240421015741/https://www.thedailybeast.com/wall-street-journal-lays-off-staff-on-video-and-social-desks">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Beast&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Has+Yet+Another+Round+of+Layoffs&rft.date=2024-04-10&rft.aulast=Bolies&rft.aufirst=Corbin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailybeast.com%2Fwall-street-journal-lays-off-staff-on-video-and-social-desks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHale2024" class="citation web cs1">Hale, Erin (May 3, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2024/5/3/wall-street-journal-cuts-hong-kong-staff-shifts-focus-to-singapore">"Wall Street Journal cuts Hong Kong staff, shifts focus to Singapore"</a>. Al Jazeera. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240505013034/https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2024/5/3/wall-street-journal-cuts-hong-kong-staff-shifts-focus-to-singapore">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+cuts+Hong+Kong+staff%2C+shifts+focus+to+Singapore&rft.date=2024-05-03&rft.aulast=Hale&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Feconomy%2F2024%2F5%2F3%2Fwall-street-journal-cuts-hong-kong-staff-shifts-focus-to-singapore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFolkenflik2024" class="citation web cs1">Folkenflik, David (May 30, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2024/05/30/nx-s1-4986419/wall-street-journal-layoffs">"'Wall Street Journal' layoffs continue, despite lucrative AI deal and record profits"</a>. NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240531145427/https://www.npr.org/2024/05/30/nx-s1-4986419/wall-street-journal-layoffs">Archived</a> from the original on May 31, 2024. Retrieved June 1, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=%27Wall+Street+Journal%27+layoffs+continue%2C+despite+lucrative+AI+deal+and+record+profits&rft.date=2024-05-30&rft.aulast=Folkenflik&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F30%2Fnx-s1-4986419%2Fwall-street-journal-layoffs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-noted-nieman-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-noted-nieman_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-noted-nieman_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaura_Hazard2020" class="citation news cs1">Laura Hazard, Owen (June 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/06/the-wall-street-journal-aims-for-a-younger-audience-with-noted-an-instagram-heavy-news-and-culture-magazine/">"The Wall Street Journal aims for a younger audience with Noted, an Instagram-heavy news and culture magazine"</a>. Nieman Lab. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200704031332/https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/06/the-wall-street-journal-aims-for-a-younger-audience-with-noted-an-instagram-heavy-news-and-culture-magazine/">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+aims+for+a+younger+audience+with+Noted%2C+an+Instagram-heavy+news+and+culture+magazine&rft.date=2020-06-30&rft.aulast=Laura+Hazard&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.niemanlab.org%2F2020%2F06%2Fthe-wall-street-journal-aims-for-a-younger-audience-with-noted-an-instagram-heavy-news-and-culture-magazine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-biz-news-3m-93"><a href="#cite_ref-biz-news-3m_93-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoush2020" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Roush" title="Chris Roush">Roush, Chris</a> (May 7, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/news-corp-ceo-thomson-wsj-reaches-3-million-subscribers/">"News Corp CEO Thomson: WSJ reaches 3 million subscribers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Talking_Biz_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Talking Biz News">Talking Biz News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200715000421/https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/news-corp-ceo-thomson-wsj-reaches-3-million-subscribers/">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talking+Biz+News&rft.atitle=News+Corp+CEO+Thomson%3A+WSJ+reaches+3+million+subscribers&rft.date=2020-05-07&rft.aulast=Roush&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalkingbiznews.com%2Fthey-talk-biz-news%2Fnews-corp-ceo-thomson-wsj-reaches-3-million-subscribers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/wall-street-journal-adds-to-live-video-programming/">"Wall Street Journal Adds to Live Video Programming"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. September 13, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140804092439/http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/wall-street-journal-adds-to-live-video-programming/?_r=0">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Adds+to+Live+Video+Programming&rft.date=2011-09-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F13%2Fwall-street-journal-adds-to-live-video-programming%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafer2010" class="citation web cs1">Shafer, Jack (September 25, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2010/09/weekend-update-the-wall-street-journal-remakes-its-saturday-edition.html">"Weekend update: The Wall Street Journal remakes its Saturday edition"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210116092731/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2010/09/weekend-update-the-wall-street-journal-remakes-its-saturday-edition.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved September 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Weekend+update%3A+The+Wall+Street+Journal+remakes+its+Saturday+edition.&rft.date=2010-09-25&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fnews-and-politics%2F2010%2F09%2Fweekend-update-the-wall-street-journal-remakes-its-saturday-edition.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180602155211/https://www.wsj.com/articles/introducing-exchange-from-the-wall-street-journal-1527912001">"Introducing Exchange From The Wall Street Journal"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. June 2, 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/introducing-exchange-from-the-wall-street-journal-1527912001">the original</a> on June 2, 2018. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Introducing+Exchange+From+The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.date=2018-06-02&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fintroducing-exchange-from-the-wall-street-journal-1527912001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gettyimages.de/ereignis/wall-street-journal-launches-ny-section-aiming-to-compete-with-ny-times-97735559#an-issue-of-the-wall-street-journal-is-viewed-beside-the-new-york-on-picture-id98674763">"Wall Street Journal Launches NY Section, Aiming To Compete With NY Times"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170815182308/http://www.gettyimages.de/ereignis/wall-street-journal-launches-ny-section-aiming-to-compete-with-ny-times-97735559#an-issue-of-the-wall-street-journal-is-viewed-beside-the-new-york-on-picture-id98674763">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Launches+NY+Section%2C+Aiming+To+Compete+With+NY+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gettyimages.de%2Fereignis%2Fwall-street-journal-launches-ny-section-aiming-to-compete-with-ny-times-97735559%23an-issue-of-the-wall-street-journal-is-viewed-beside-the-new-york-on-picture-id98674763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adage.com/article/btob/8216-wall-street-journal-8217-launches-san-francisco-edition/277225">"'Wall Street Journal' launches San Francisco edition"</a>. adage.com. November 5, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201126220058/https://adage.com/article/btob/8216-wall-street-journal-8217-launches-san-francisco-edition/277225">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=adage.com&rft.atitle=%27Wall+Street+Journal%27+launches+San+Francisco+edition&rft.date=2009-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadage.com%2Farticle%2Fbtob%2F8216-wall-street-journal-8217-launches-san-francisco-edition%2F277225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20231012182038/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109526182995618560">"Journal to Start Weekend Edition Next September"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. September 16, 2004. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109526182995618560">the original</a> on October 12, 2023. Retrieved September 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Journal+to+Start+Weekend+Edition+Next+September&rft.date=2004-09-16&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB109526182995618560&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewswires2003" class="citation news cs1">Newswires, Dow Jones (May 13, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB105284668510262500">"Dow Jones Ad Linage Remained Soft in April"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210106162207/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB105284668510262500">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved September 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Dow+Jones+Ad+Linage+Remained+Soft+in+April&rft.date=2003-05-13&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Newswires&rft.aufirst=Dow+Jones&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB105284668510262500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150208041727/https://www.wsj.com/articles/goodbye-from-the-wsj-sunday-1423359901">"Goodbye From The WSJ Sunday"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. February 8, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/goodbye-from-the-wsj-sunday-1423359901">the original</a> on February 8, 2015. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Goodbye+From+The+WSJ+Sunday&rft.date=2015-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fgoodbye-from-the-wsj-sunday-1423359901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-102">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_102-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_102-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_102-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201123162007/http://wsjpro.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf">"The Wall Street Journal"</a> (PDF). wsjpro.com. January 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wsjpro.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on November 23, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wsjpro.com&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.date=2012-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwsjpro.com%2Fdjcom%2FFactSheets%2FWallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-wsjlookback06.html">"WSJ.com"</a>. online.wsj.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161219233253/http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-wsjlookback06.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=online.wsj.com&rft.atitle=WSJ.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Fpublic%2Fresources%2Fdocuments%2Finfo-wsjlookback06.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarringerManly2002" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Felicity_Barringer" title="Felicity Barringer">Barringer, Felicity</a>; Manly, Lorne (April 1, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/01/business/media-wall-street-journal-is-set-to-loosen-its-collar.html">"Wall Street Journal Is Set to Loosen Its Collar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved September 15, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Is+Set+to+Loosen+Its+Collar&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.aulast=Barringer&rft.aufirst=Felicity&rft.au=Manly%2C+Lorne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F04%2F01%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia-wall-street-journal-is-set-to-loosen-its-collar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-djfactsheet-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-djfactsheet_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-djfactsheet_105-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130227131559/http://dowjones.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf">"The Wall Street Journal"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_%26_Company" title="Dow Jones & Company">Dow Jones & Company</a>. January 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dowjones.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on February 27, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.pub=Dow+Jones+%26+Company&rft.date=2012-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dowjones.com%2Fdjcom%2FFactSheets%2FWallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110820024720/http://www.dowjones.com/bureaus.asp">"Worldwide Bureaus"</a>. Dow Jones & Company. 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dowjones.com/bureaus.asp">the original</a> on August 20, 2011. Retrieved August 25, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Worldwide+Bureaus&rft.pub=Dow+Jones+%26+Company&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dowjones.com%2Fbureaus.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/companies-markets/wsj-moves-asia-headquarters-hong-kong-singapore">"WSJ moves Asia headquarters from Hong Kong to Singapore"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Business_Times_(Singapore)" title="The Business Times (Singapore)">The Business Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>. May 3, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240503114458/https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/companies-markets/wsj-moves-asia-headquarters-hong-kong-singapore">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Times&rft.atitle=WSJ+moves+Asia+headquarters+from+Hong+Kong+to+Singapore&rft.date=2024-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesstimes.com.sg%2Fcompanies-markets%2Fwsj-moves-asia-headquarters-hong-kong-singapore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opinionjournal.com/best/">"Opinion, Editorials, Columns, Op-Ed, Letters to the Editor, Commentary"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040604145713/http://www.opinionjournal.com/best/">Archived</a> from the original on June 4, 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Opinion%2C+Editorials%2C+Columns%2C+Op-Ed%2C+Letters+to+the+Editor%2C+Commentary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opinionjournal.com%2Fbest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopkins2022" class="citation web cs1">Hopkins, Kathryn (February 2, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/wsj-publisher-050139987.html">"WSJ.'s New Publisher"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo_News" title="Yahoo News">Yahoo News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240601035518/https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/wsj-publisher-050139987.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 1, 2024. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yahoo+News&rft.atitle=WSJ.%27s+New+Publisher&rft.date=2022-02-02&rft.aulast=Hopkins&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fwsj-publisher-050139987.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNze" class="citation web cs1">Nze, Chukky. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsjmediakit.com/wsjmagazine/">"WSJ. Media Kit"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407071044/http://www.wsjmediakit.com/wsjmagazine/">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=WSJ.+Media+Kit&rft.aulast=Nze&rft.aufirst=Chukky&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsjmediakit.com%2Fwsjmagazine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adweek.com/news-gallery/check-out-all-winners-print-category-years-hot-list-154185#hottest-lifestyle-magazine-4/">"Check Out All of the Winners in the Print Category From This Year's Hot List"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adweek" title="Adweek">Adweek</a>. December 3, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407055807/http://www.adweek.com/news-gallery/check-out-all-winners-print-category-years-hot-list-154185#hottest-lifestyle-magazine-4/">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adweek&rft.atitle=Check+Out+All+of+the+Winners+in+the+Print+Category+From+This+Year%27s+Hot+List&rft.date=2013-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adweek.com%2Fnews-gallery%2Fcheck-out-all-winners-print-category-years-hot-list-154185%23hottest-lifestyle-magazine-4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080116053851/online.wsj.com/article/SB119991634497578851.html">"Wsj.com/opinion"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. January 10, 2008. p. A14. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB119991634497578851">the original</a> on January 16, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Wsj.com%2Fopinion&rft.pages=A14&rft.date=2008-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB119991634497578851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vetter-113"><a href="#cite_ref-vetter_113-0">^</a> Richard Vetter, "Wall Street Journal", in Bruce Frohnen, ed. American Conservatism (2006), pp. 898–99. </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith_10/25/2020-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_10/25/2020_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_10/25/2020_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2020" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Smith_(journalist)" title="Ben Smith (journalist)">Smith, Ben</a> (October 25, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html">"Trump Had One Last Story to Sell. The Wall Street Journal Wouldn't Buy It"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201030084330/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Had+One+Last+Story+to+Sell.+The+Wall+Street+Journal+Wouldn%27t+Buy+It.&rft.date=2020-10-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F10%2F25%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fhunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacDougall1982" class="citation news cs1">MacDougall, A. Kent (November 1, 1982). "Books: Taking Stock of Dow Jones". Columbia Journalism Review. pp. 59–63.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Journalism+Review&rft.atitle=Books%3A+Taking+Stock+of+Dow+Jones&rft.pages=59-63&rft.date=1982-11-01&rft.aulast=MacDougall&rft.aufirst=A.+Kent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaureckasRendall1995" class="citation web cs1">Naureckas, Jim; Rendall, Steve (September–October 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=1325">"20 Reasons Not to Trust the Journal Editorial Page"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Extra!" title="Extra!">Extra!</a>. Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081107135516/http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=1325">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Extra%21&rft.atitle=20+Reasons+Not+to+Trust+the+Journal+Editorial+Page&rft.date=1995-09%2F1995-10&rft.aulast=Naureckas&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.au=Rendall%2C+Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fair.org%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3D1325&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLieberman1996" class="citation web cs1">Lieberman, Trudy (July–August 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://backissues.cjrarchives.org/year/96/4/wsj.asp">"Bartley's Believe It Or Not!"</a>. Columbia Journalism Review. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080129014101/http://backissues.cjrarchives.org/year/96/4/wsj.asp">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Journalism+Review&rft.atitle=Bartley%27s+Believe+It+Or+Not%21&rft.date=1996-07%2F1996-08&rft.aulast=Lieberman&rft.aufirst=Trudy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbackissues.cjrarchives.org%2Fyear%2F96%2F4%2Fwsj.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScribnerChapman2010" class="citation book cs1">Scribner, Todd; Chapman, Roger (2010). "The Wall Street Journal". In Chapman, Roger (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vRY27FkGJAUC">Culture Wars: An Encyclopedia of Issues, Viewpoints, and Voices</a>. M.E. Sharpe. p. 587. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-2250-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-2250-1"><bdi>978-0-7656-2250-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230114112810/https://books.google.com/books?id=vRY27FkGJAUC">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.btitle=Culture+Wars%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Issues%2C+Viewpoints%2C+and+Voices&rft.pages=587&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7656-2250-1&rft.aulast=Scribner&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.au=Chapman%2C+Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvRY27FkGJAUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj-opinion-news-118"><a href="#cite_ref-wsj-opinion-news_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrachtenberg2020" class="citation news cs1">Trachtenberg, Jeffrey A. (July 22, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211217100403/https://www.wsj.com/articles/wsj-journalists-ask-publisher-for-clearer-distinction-between-news-and-opinion-content-11595349198">"WSJ Journalists Ask Publisher for Clearer Distinction Between News and Opinion Content"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/wsj-journalists-ask-publisher-for-clearer-distinction-between-news-and-opinion-content-11595349198">the original</a> on December 17, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=WSJ+Journalists+Ask+Publisher+for+Clearer+Distinction+Between+News+and+Opinion+Content&rft.date=2020-07-22&rft.aulast=Trachtenberg&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fwsj-journalists-ask-publisher-for-clearer-distinction-between-news-and-opinion-content-11595349198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-119"><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLaughlin2020" class="citation news cs1">McLaughlin, Aidan (July 22, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediaite.com/print/wsj-reporters-call-out-misinformation-and-disregard-for-evidence-from-papers-opinion-section-in-scathing-letter/">"WSJ Reporters Call Out Misinformation and 'Disregard For Evidence' From Paper's Opinion Section in Scathing Letter"</a>. Mediaite. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200721215149/https://www.mediaite.com/print/wsj-reporters-call-out-misinformation-and-disregard-for-evidence-from-papers-opinion-section-in-scathing-letter/">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WSJ+Reporters+Call+Out+Misinformation+and+%27Disregard+For+Evidence%27+From+Paper%27s+Opinion+Section+in+Scathing+Letter&rft.date=2020-07-22&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediaite.com%2Fprint%2Fwsj-reporters-call-out-misinformation-and-disregard-for-evidence-from-papers-opinion-section-in-scathing-letter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-120"><a href="#cite_ref-auto1_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Editorial_Board2020" class="citation news cs1">The Editorial Board (July 23, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201224075015/https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-note-to-readers-11595547898">"A Note to Readers"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-note-to-readers-11595547898">the original</a> on December 24, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Note+to+Readers&rft.date=2020-07-23&rft.au=The+Editorial+Board&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fa-note-to-readers-11595547898&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-121"><a href="#cite_ref-auto_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoreno2020" class="citation web cs1">Moreno, J. Edward (July 24, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/media/508870-wsj-editorial-board-calls-employee-concerns-about-opinion-page-cancel-culture/">"WSJ editorial board calls employee concerns about opinion page 'cancel culture'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240206024140/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/508870-wsj-editorial-board-calls-employee-concerns-about-opinion-page-cancel-culture/">Archived</a> from the original on February 6, 2024. Retrieved April 16, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=WSJ+editorial+board+calls+employee+concerns+about+opinion+page+%27cancel+culture%27&rft.date=2020-07-24&rft.aulast=Moreno&rft.aufirst=J.+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fmedia%2F508870-wsj-editorial-board-calls-employee-concerns-about-opinion-page-cancel-culture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage28mode2upq22Peoplewhoknownothing22_28-29]-122"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage28mode2upq22Peoplewhoknownothing22_28-29%5D_122-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/28/mode/2up?q=%22People+who+know+nothing%22">28-29</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-bartley-obit-123"><a href="#cite_ref-bartley-obit_123-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101022312/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB107107510671889000">"Bartley, Longtime Journal Editor And Thinker on Right, Dies at 66"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. December 11, 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB107107510671889000">the original</a> on November 1, 2020. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Bartley%2C+Longtime+Journal+Editor+And+Thinker+on+Right%2C+Dies+at+66&rft.date=2003-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB107107510671889000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCallum2002" class="citation report cs1">McCallum, Bennett T. (2002). Wall Street Journal Position on Exchange Rates (Report). Bradley Policy Research Center. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1802%2F510">1802/510</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Position+on+Exchange+Rates&rft.pub=Bradley+Policy+Research+Center&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1802%2F510&rft.aulast=McCallum&rft.aufirst=Bennett+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/wsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php">"Unpacking WSJ's 'watershed' Trump editorial"</a>. Columbia Journalism Review. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170621040535/https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/wsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Journalism+Review&rft.atitle=Unpacking+WSJ%27s+%27watershed%27+Trump+editorial&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cjr.org%2Fbusiness_of_news%2Fwsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrex2008" class="citation web cs1">Trex, Ethan (October 23, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/19951/brief-history-newspaper-endorsements">"A Brief History of Newspaper Endorsements"</a>. Mental Floss. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191204012657/https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/19951/brief-history-newspaper-endorsements">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved December 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mental+Floss&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History+of+Newspaper+Endorsements&rft.date=2008-10-23&rft.aulast=Trex&rft.aufirst=Ethan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mentalfloss.com%2Farticle%2F19951%2Fbrief-history-newspaper-endorsements&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRutenberg2007" class="citation news cs1">Rutenberg, Jim (June 3, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/03/washington/03immig.html">"The editorial page commonly publishes pieces by U.S. and world leaders in academia, business, government and politics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110513210559/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/03/washington/03immig.html?_r=1&hp=&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1180807796-2rtP%2FypH5CxbIhLG9%2FDQjg&oref=slogin">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2011. Retrieved June 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+editorial+page+commonly+publishes+pieces+by+U.S.+and+world+leaders+in+academia%2C+business%2C+government+and+politics&rft.date=2007-06-03&rft.aulast=Rutenberg&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F06%2F03%2Fwashington%2F03immig.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> Wagner, Michael W., and Timothy P. Collins. "Does Ownership Matter? The case of Rupert Murdoch's purchase of the Wall Street Journal". Journalism Practice (2014) 8#6 pp: 1–14. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17512786.2014.882063#.VIhEWtLF9A0">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181011121049/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17512786.2014.882063#.VIhEWtLF9A0">Archived</a> October 11, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150831171213/http://www.wsj.com/articles/big-solars-subsidy-bubble-1440975764">"Big Solar's Subsidy Bubble"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. August 30, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/big-solars-subsidy-bubble-1440975764">the original</a> on August 31, 2015. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Big+Solar%27s+Subsidy+Bubble&rft.date=2015-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fbig-solars-subsidy-bubble-1440975764&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20161019043059/http://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-tide-of-war-1476832244">"Obama's Tide of War"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. October 19, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-tide-of-war-1476832244">the original</a> on October 19, 2016. Retrieved April 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Obama%27s+Tide+of+War&rft.date=2016-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fobamas-tide-of-war-1476832244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20161014043435/http://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-iran-missile-war-1476398945">"Obama's Iran Missile War"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. October 13, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-iran-missile-war-1476398945">the original</a> on October 14, 2016. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Obama%27s+Iran+Missile+War&rft.date=2016-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fobamas-iran-missile-war-1476398945&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171031125932/https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-russians-and-the-fbi-1508971759">"Democrats, Russians and the FBI"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. October 25, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-russians-and-the-fbi-1508971759">the original</a> on October 31, 2017. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Democrats%2C+Russians+and+the+FBI&rft.date=2017-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fdemocrats-russians-and-the-fbi-1508971759&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBond2017" class="citation news cs1">Bond, Shannon (October 31, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220420234422/https://www.ft.com/content/c9b90ab2-be59-11e7-b8a3-38a6e068f464">"US conservative media deflects from Mueller probe"</a>. Financial Times. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/c9b90ab2-be59-11e7-b8a3-38a6e068f464">the original</a> on April 20, 2022. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=US+conservative+media+deflects+from+Mueller+probe&rft.date=2017-10-31&rft.aulast=Bond&rft.aufirst=Shannon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fc9b90ab2-be59-11e7-b8a3-38a6e068f464&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/wall-street-journal-editorial-board-robert-mueller-resign-2017-12">"Wall Street Journal editorial board calls on special counsel Robert Mueller to resign again"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171210074003/https://www.businessinsider.com/wall-street-journal-editorial-board-robert-mueller-resign-2017-12">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2017. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+editorial+board+calls+on+special+counsel+Robert+Mueller+to+resign+again&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fwall-street-journal-editorial-board-robert-mueller-resign-2017-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_135-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrej2017" class="citation news cs1">Frej, Willa (December 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/wall-street-journal-attacks-mueller_us_5a26540de4b07324e840359e">"Wall Street Journal Editorial Board Goes To Bat Against FBI And Robert Mueller For Trump"</a>. <a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180726051430/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/wall-street-journal-attacks-mueller_us_5a26540de4b07324e840359e">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2018. Retrieved July 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Editorial+Board+Goes+To+Bat+Against+FBI+And+Robert+Mueller+For+Trump&rft.date=2017-12-05&rft.aulast=Frej&rft.aufirst=Willa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fwall-street-journal-attacks-mueller_us_5a26540de4b07324e840359e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPompeo" class="citation news cs1">Pompeo, Joe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/11/the-wall-street-journal-editorial-board-coverage-of-mueller">""A Different Level of Crazy": Inside The Wall Street Journal's Civil War"</a>. The Hive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119033551/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/11/the-wall-street-journal-editorial-board-coverage-of-mueller">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved July 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hive&rft.atitle=%22A+Different+Level+of+Crazy%22%3A+Inside+The+Wall+Street+Journal%27s+Civil+War&rft.aulast=Pompeo&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F11%2Fthe-wall-street-journal-editorial-board-coverage-of-mueller&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOliver_Darcy2021" class="citation web cs1">Oliver Darcy (October 28, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/28/media/rupert-murdoch-january-6-insurrection-election/index.html">"Rupert Murdoch is letting his media empire spread January 6 and election conspiracy theories"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211101014344/https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/28/media/rupert-murdoch-january-6-insurrection-election/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Rupert+Murdoch+is+letting+his+media+empire+spread+January+6+and+election+conspiracy+theories&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft.au=Oliver+Darcy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F10%2F28%2Fmedia%2Frupert-murdoch-january-6-insurrection-election%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2021/oct/28/trump-election-letter-wall-street-journal-lie-criticism">"Wall Street Journal criticized for Trump letter pushing election lie"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. October 28, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220726122140/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2021/oct/28/trump-election-letter-wall-street-journal-lie-criticism">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2022. Retrieved October 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+criticized+for+Trump+letter+pushing+election+lie&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2021%2Foct%2F28%2Ftrump-election-letter-wall-street-journal-lie-criticism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaul" class="citation web cs1">Saul, Derek. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2021/10/27/wall-street-journal-hit-for-publishing-letter-from-trump-with-litany-of-election-fraud-claims/">"Wall Street Journal Hit For Publishing Letter From Trump With Litany Of Election Fraud Claims"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129072703/https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2021/10/27/wall-street-journal-hit-for-publishing-letter-from-trump-with-litany-of-election-fraud-claims/">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Hit+For+Publishing+Letter+From+Trump+With+Litany+Of+Election+Fraud+Claims&rft.aulast=Saul&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fdereksaul%2F2021%2F10%2F27%2Fwall-street-journal-hit-for-publishing-letter-from-trump-with-litany-of-election-fraud-claims%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211221164906/https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-facts-on-donald-trumps-fraud-letter-2020-election-11635449578">"The Facts on Trump's Fraud Letter"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. October 28, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-facts-on-donald-trumps-fraud-letter-2020-election-11635449578">the original</a> on December 21, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Facts+on+Trump%27s+Fraud+Letter&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fthe-facts-on-donald-trumps-fraud-letter-2020-election-11635449578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> Multiple sources: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCookNuccitelliGreenRichardson2013" class="citation journal cs1">Cook, J.; Nuccitelli, D.; Green, S.A.; Richardson, M.; Winkler, B.R.; Painting, R.; Way, R.; Jacobs, P.; Skuce, A. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F2%2F024024">"Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature"</a>. Environmental Research Letters. 8 (2): 024024. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013ERL.....8b4024C">2013ERL.....8b4024C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F2%2F024024">10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+consensus+on+anthropogenic+global+warming+in+the+scientific+literature&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=024024&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F2%2F024024&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013ERL.....8b4024C&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Nuccitelli%2C+D.&rft.au=Green%2C+S.A.&rft.au=Richardson%2C+M.&rft.au=Winkler%2C+B.R.&rft.au=Painting%2C+R.&rft.au=Way%2C+R.&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+P.&rft.au=Skuce%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1088%252F1748-9326%252F8%252F2%252F024024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNordhaus2012" class="citation news cs1">Nordhaus, William D. (March 22, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2012/03/22/why-global-warming-skeptics-are-wrong/">"Why the Global Warming Skeptics Are Wrong"</a>. New York Review of Books. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-7504">0028-7504</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220804021042/https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2012/03/22/why-global-warming-skeptics-are-wrong/">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2022. Retrieved August 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Why+the+Global+Warming+Skeptics+Are+Wrong&rft.date=2012-03-22&rft.issn=0028-7504&rft.aulast=Nordhaus&rft.aufirst=William+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2012%2F03%2F22%2Fwhy-global-warming-skeptics-are-wrong%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSupranOreskes2017" class="citation journal cs1">Supran, Geoffrey; <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Oreskes" title="Naomi Oreskes">Oreskes, Naomi</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2Faa815f">"Assessing ExxonMobil's climate change communications (1977–2014)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Research_Letters" title="Environmental Research Letters">Environmental Research Letters</a>. 12 (8): 084019. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ERL....12h4019S">2017ERL....12h4019S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2Faa815f">10.1088/1748-9326/aa815f</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Assessing+ExxonMobil%27s+climate+change+communications+%281977%E2%80%932014%29&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=084019&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F1748-9326%2Faa815f&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017ERL....12h4019S&rft.aulast=Supran&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.au=Oreskes%2C+Naomi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1088%252F1748-9326%252Faa815f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowell2011" class="citation book cs1">Powell, James Lawrence (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-inquisition-of-climate-science/9780231157193">The Inquisition of Climate Science</a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231527842" title="Special:BookSources/9780231527842"><bdi>9780231527842</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190525020933/https://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-inquisition-of-climate-science/9780231157193">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Inquisition+of+Climate+Science&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780231527842&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=James+Lawrence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcup.columbia.edu%2Fbook%2Fthe-inquisition-of-climate-science%2F9780231157193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVardyOppenheimerDubashO'Reilly2017" class="citation journal cs1">Vardy, Mark; Oppenheimer, Michael; Dubash, Navroz K.; O'Reilly, Jessica; Jamieson, Dale (October 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-environ-102016-061053">"The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities"</a>. Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 42 (1): 55–75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-environ-102016-061053">10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-061053</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1543-5938">1543-5938</a>. <q>One of the tactics successfully used to discredit climate science is typified by Frederick Seitz's 1996 commentary in The Wall Street Journal in which he argued that the IPCC did not follow its own rules for peer review. Subsequent analysis showed that the IPCC did not transgress any of its rules of peer review, which in fact are more rigorous than the standards of peer review that academic journals typically try to uphold</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=The+Intergovernmental+Panel+on+Climate+Change%3A+Challenges+and+Opportunities&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=55-75&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-environ-102016-061053&rft.issn=1543-5938&rft.aulast=Vardy&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Oppenheimer%2C+Michael&rft.au=Dubash%2C+Navroz+K.&rft.au=O%27Reilly%2C+Jessica&rft.au=Jamieson%2C+Dale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1146%252Fannurev-environ-102016-061053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Karen Akerlof et al.: Communication of climate projections in US media amid politicization of model science. <a href="/wiki/Nature_Climate_Change" title="Nature Climate Change">Nature Climate Change</a> 2, 2012, 648–654 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnclimate1542">10.1038/nclimate1542</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNuccitelli2014" class="citation web cs1">Nuccitelli, Dana (May 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2014/may/28/wall-street-journal-denies-global-warming-consensus">"The Wall Street Journal denies the 97% scientific consensus on human-caused global warming"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220804012756/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2014/may/28/wall-street-journal-denies-global-warming-consensus">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+denies+the+97%25+scientific+consensus+on+human-caused+global+warming&rft.date=2014-05-28&rft.aulast=Nuccitelli&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2Fclimate-consensus-97-per-cent%2F2014%2Fmay%2F28%2Fwall-street-journal-denies-global-warming-consensus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNuccitelli2018" class="citation web cs1">Nuccitelli, Dana (June 11, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2018/jun/11/the-wall-street-journal-keeps-peddling-big-oil-propaganda">"The Wall Street Journal keeps peddling Big Oil propaganda"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124184804/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2018/jun/11/the-wall-street-journal-keeps-peddling-big-oil-propaganda">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved November 24, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+keeps+peddling+Big+Oil+propaganda&rft.date=2018-06-11&rft.aulast=Nuccitelli&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2Fclimate-consensus-97-per-cent%2F2018%2Fjun%2F11%2Fthe-wall-street-journal-keeps-peddling-big-oil-propaganda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Shaun W. Elsasser, Riley E. Dunlap: Leading Voices in the Denier Choir: Conservative Columnists' Dismissal of Global Warming and Denigration of Climate Science. <a href="/wiki/American_Behavioral_Scientist" title="American Behavioral Scientist">American Behavioral Scientist</a> 57, No. 6, 2013, 754–776, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0002764212469800">10.1177/0002764212469800</a> "... and clearly Fox, leading conservative newspapers such as the WSJ ... provide powerful provide powerful fora for the promotion of climate change denial."</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCassella2018" class="citation web cs1">Cassella, Carly (June 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencealert.com/major-news-outlets-wall-street-journal-climate-denial-opinion-piece">"The Wall Street Journal Still Treats Climate Change as "Opinion", And This Practice Needs to Stop"</a>. ScienceAlert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220812094045/https://www.sciencealert.com/major-news-outlets-wall-street-journal-climate-denial-opinion-piece">Archived</a> from the original on August 12, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022. <q>For years, the WSJ has run opinion piece after opinion piece, questioning the reality of anthropogenic climate change. Too often, these "opinions" are written by authors with strong ties to the fossil fuel industry. In May of 2018, for example, the WSJ published an article that proclaimed, "Sea levels are rising, but not because of climate change."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ScienceAlert&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+Still+Treats+Climate+Change+as+%22Opinion%22%2C+And+This+Practice+Needs+to+Stop&rft.date=2018-06-12&rft.aulast=Cassella&rft.aufirst=Carly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencealert.com%2Fmajor-news-outlets-wall-street-journal-climate-denial-opinion-piece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDryzekNorgaardSchlosberg2011" class="citation book cs1">Dryzek, John S; Norgaard, Richard B; Schlosberg, David, eds. (August 18, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199566600">The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199566600.001.0001">10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-173527-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-173527-1"><bdi>978-0-19-173527-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627112433/https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199566600">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved November 24, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Climate+Change+and+Society&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011-08-18&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199566600.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-173527-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordhandbooks.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780199566600.001.0001%2Foxfordhb-9780199566600&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Feldman-143">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Feldman_143-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Feldman_143-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldmanHartMilosevic2017" class="citation journal cs1">Feldman, Lauren; Hart, P. Sol; Milosevic, Tijana (May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0963662515595348">"Polarizing news? Representations of threat and efficacy in leading US newspapers' coverage of climate change"</a>. Public Understanding of Science. 26 (4): 481–497. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0963662515595348">10.1177/0963662515595348</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10852%2F59799">10852/59799</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0963-6625">0963-6625</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26229010">26229010</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32171406">32171406</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220412002735/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0963662515595348">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2022. Retrieved August 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Understanding+of+Science&rft.atitle=Polarizing+news%3F+Representations+of+threat+and+efficacy+in+leading+US+newspapers%27+coverage+of+climate+change&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=481-497&rft.date=2017-05&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10852%2F59799&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A32171406%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0963662515595348&rft.issn=0963-6625&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26229010&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.au=Hart%2C+P.+Sol&rft.au=Milosevic%2C+Tijana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0963662515595348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorenstein2011" class="citation news cs1">Borenstein, Seth (October 30, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnews.ca/news/171649/skeptics-own-study-finds-climate-change-real-but-says-scientists-should-be-more-critical/">"Skeptic's own study finds climate change real, but says scientists should be more critical"</a>. Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220806221235/https://globalnews.ca/news/171649/skeptics-own-study-finds-climate-change-real-but-says-scientists-should-be-more-critical/">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Skeptic%27s+own+study+finds+climate+change+real%2C+but+says+scientists+should+be+more+critical&rft.date=2011-10-30&rft.aulast=Borenstein&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnews.ca%2Fnews%2F171649%2Fskeptics-own-study-finds-climate-change-real-but-says-scientists-should-be-more-critical%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorneliussen2013" class="citation journal cs1">Corneliussen, Steven T. (July 8, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/PT.4.2500/full">"Wall Street Journal opinion writers target President Obama's climate plan"</a>. Physics Today (7): 18350. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013PhT..2013g8350C">2013PhT..2013g8350C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2FPT.4.2500">10.1063/PT.4.2500</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220803174729/https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/PT.4.2500/full/">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+Today&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+opinion+writers+target+President+Obama%27s+climate+plan&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=18350&rft.date=2013-07-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1063%2FPT.4.2500&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013PhT..2013g8350C&rft.aulast=Corneliussen&rft.aufirst=Steven+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphysicstoday.scitation.org%2Fdo%2F10.1063%2FPT.4.2500%2Ffull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.feedback.org/outlet/the-wall-street-journal/?_topic=climate">"Reviews of content from The Wall Street Journal"</a>. Science Feedback. Climate Feedback. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240916024624/https://science.feedback.org/outlet/the-wall-street-journal/?_topic=climate">Archived</a> from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science+Feedback&rft.atitle=Reviews+of+content+from+The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.feedback.org%2Foutlet%2Fthe-wall-street-journal%2F%3F_topic%3Dclimate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoris_Bellanger2021" class="citation web cs1">Boris Bellanger (May 3, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.feedback.org/review/wall-street-journal-article-repeats-multiple-incorrect-and-misleading-claims-made-in-steven-koonins-new-book-unsettled-steven-koonin/">"Wall Street Journal article repeats multiple incorrect and misleading claims made in Steven Koonin's new book 'Unsettled'"</a>. Science Feedback. Climate Feedback. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240916024819/https://science.feedback.org/review/wall-street-journal-article-repeats-multiple-incorrect-and-misleading-claims-made-in-steven-koonins-new-book-unsettled-steven-koonin/">Archived</a> from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science+Feedback&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+article+repeats+multiple+incorrect+and+misleading+claims+made+in+Steven+Koonin%27s+new+book+%27Unsettled%27&rft.date=2021-05-03&rft.au=Boris+Bellanger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.feedback.org%2Freview%2Fwall-street-journal-article-repeats-multiple-incorrect-and-misleading-claims-made-in-steven-koonins-new-book-unsettled-steven-koonin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/wall-street-journal-accepts-environmentalist-ad-but-charges-extra/2016/06/13/422cd8e2-3199-11e6-95c0-2a6873031302_story.html">"Wall Street Journal accepts environmentalist ad but charges extra"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. June 14, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160615120938/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/wall-street-journal-accepts-environmentalist-ad-but-charges-extra/2016/06/13/422cd8e2-3199-11e6-95c0-2a6873031302_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+accepts+environmentalist+ad+but+charges+extra&rft.date=2016-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Fstyle%2Fwall-street-journal-accepts-environmentalist-ad-but-charges-extra%2F2016%2F06%2F13%2F422cd8e2-3199-11e6-95c0-2a6873031302_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBayerColgrove2002" class="citation journal cs1">Bayer, Ronald; Colgrove, James (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1447493">"Science, Politics, and Ideology in the Campaign Against Environmental Tobacco Smoke"</a>. American Journal of Public Health. 92 (6): 949–954. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2105%2FAJPH.92.6.949">10.2105/AJPH.92.6.949</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0090-0036">0090-0036</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1447493">1447493</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12036788">12036788</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Science%2C+Politics%2C+and+Ideology+in+the+Campaign+Against+Environmental+Tobacco+Smoke&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=949-954&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1447493%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0090-0036&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12036788&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2105%2FAJPH.92.6.949&rft.aulast=Bayer&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.au=Colgrove%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1447493&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLerbinger2006" class="citation book cs1">Lerbinger, Otto (August 15, 2006). Corporate Public Affairs: Interacting With Interest Groups, Media, and Government. Routledge. p. 161. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-59999-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-59999-7"><bdi>978-1-135-59999-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corporate+Public+Affairs%3A+Interacting+With+Interest+Groups%2C+Media%2C+and+Government&rft.pages=161&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006-08-15&rft.isbn=978-1-135-59999-7&rft.aulast=Lerbinger&rft.aufirst=Otto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenstockLee2002" class="citation journal cs1">Rosenstock, Linda; Lee, Lore Jackson (January 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1447376">"Attacks on Science: The Risks to Evidence-Based Policy"</a>. American Journal of Public Health. 92 (1): 14–18. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2105%2FAJPH.92.1.14">10.2105/AJPH.92.1.14</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0090-0036">0090-0036</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1447376">1447376</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772749">11772749</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Attacks+on+Science%3A+The+Risks+to+Evidence-Based+Policy&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=14-18&rft.date=2002-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1447376%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0090-0036&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11772749&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2105%2FAJPH.92.1.14&rft.aulast=Rosenstock&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Lee%2C+Lore+Jackson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1447376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaubes1993" class="citation journal cs1">Taubes, Gary (June 11, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.260.5114.1580">"The Ozone Backlash"</a>. Science. 260 (5114): 1580–1583. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993Sci...260.1580T">1993Sci...260.1580T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.260.5114.1580">10.1126/science.260.5114.1580</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17810191">17810191</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211123181846/https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.260.5114.1580">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+Ozone+Backlash&rft.volume=260&rft.issue=5114&rft.pages=1580-1583&rft.date=1993-06-11&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17810191&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.260.5114.1580&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1993Sci...260.1580T&rft.aulast=Taubes&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.science.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.260.5114.1580&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-handful-153"><a href="#cite_ref-handful_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOreskesConway2010" class="citation book cs1">Oreskes, Naomi; Conway, Erik M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/merchantsofdoubt00ores">Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming</a>. Bloomsbury. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/merchantsofdoubt00ores/page/94">94</a>, 126, 135, 146, 208–213. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781608192939" title="Special:BookSources/9781608192939"><bdi>9781608192939</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merchants+of+Doubt%3A+How+a+Handful+of+Scientists+Obscured+the+Truth+on+Issues+from+Tobacco+Smoke+to+Global+Warming&rft.pages=94%2C+126%2C+135%2C+146%2C+208-213&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781608192939&rft.aulast=Oreskes&rft.aufirst=Naomi&rft.au=Conway%2C+Erik+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmerchantsofdoubt00ores&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleischer1993" class="citation journal cs1">Fleischer, Doris Z. (August 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/027046769301300403">"Silent Spring: Personal Synthesis of Two Cultures"</a>. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 13 (4): 200–202. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F027046769301300403">10.1177/027046769301300403</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0270-4676">0270-4676</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144455619">144455619</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Science%2C+Technology+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Silent+Spring%3A+Personal+Synthesis+of+Two+Cultures&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=200-202&rft.date=1993-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144455619%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0270-4676&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F027046769301300403&rft.aulast=Fleischer&rft.aufirst=Doris+Z.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F027046769301300403&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFaginLavelle1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Fagin" title="Dan Fagin">Fagin, Dan</a>; Lavelle, Marianne (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40776758">Toxic Deception</a> (2nd ed.). Monroe, Me.: Common Courage Press. pp. vii–viii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56751-163-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56751-163-5"><bdi>1-56751-163-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40776758">40776758</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Toxic+Deception&rft.place=Monroe%2C+Me.&rft.pages=vii-viii&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Common+Courage+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40776758&rft.isbn=1-56751-163-5&rft.aulast=Fagin&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.au=Lavelle%2C+Marianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F40776758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPage1995" class="citation journal cs1">Page, Benjamin I. (July 1, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10584609.1995.9963072">"Speedy deliberation: Rejecting "1960s programs" as causes of the Los Angeles riots"</a>. Political Communication. 12 (3): 245–261. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10584609.1995.9963072">10.1080/10584609.1995.9963072</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1058-4609">1058-4609</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230114112810/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10584609.1995.9963072">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Communication&rft.atitle=Speedy+deliberation%3A+Rejecting+%221960s+programs%22+as+causes+of+the+Los+Angeles+riots&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=245-261&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10584609.1995.9963072&rft.issn=1058-4609&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F10584609.1995.9963072&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCullochTweedale2008" class="citation book cs1">McCulloch, Jock; Tweedale, Geoffrey (July 24, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G1cVDAAAQBAJ">Defending the Indefensible: The Global Asbestos Industry and Its Fight for Survival</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 183. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-953485-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-953485-2"><bdi>978-0-19-953485-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Defending+the+Indefensible%3A+The+Global+Asbestos+Industry+and+Its+Fight+for+Survival&rft.pages=183&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008-07-24&rft.isbn=978-0-19-953485-2&rft.aulast=McCulloch&rft.aufirst=Jock&rft.au=Tweedale%2C+Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG1cVDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-158"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_158-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2012/08/02/the-wall-street-journal-dismissing-environmenta/189063">"The Wall Street Journal: Dismissing Environmental Threats Since 1976"</a>. Media Matters for America. August 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190102050556/https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2012/08/02/the-wall-street-journal-dismissing-environmenta/189063">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Media+Matters+for+America&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal%3A+Dismissing+Environmental+Threats+Since+1976&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediamatters.org%2Fresearch%2F2012%2F08%2F02%2Fthe-wall-street-journal-dismissing-environmenta%2F189063&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarr2009" class="citation news cs1">Carr, David (December 13, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/14/business/media/14carr.html">"The Media Equation: Under Murdoch, Tilting Rightward at The Journal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170223011945/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/14/business/media/14carr.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Media+Equation%3A+Under+Murdoch%2C+Tilting+Rightward+at+The+Journal&rft.date=2009-12-13&rft.aulast=Carr&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F12%2F14%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2F14carr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLa_Monica2007" class="citation web cs1">La Monica, Paul R. (August 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2007/07/31/news/companies/dowjones_newscorp/">"News Corp.-Dow Jones finally a done deal"</a>. CNN Money. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181126130502/https://money.cnn.com/2007/07/31/news/companies/dowjones_newscorp/">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2018. Retrieved January 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Money&rft.atitle=News+Corp.-Dow+Jones+finally+a+done+deal&rft.date=2007-08-01&rft.aulast=La+Monica&rft.aufirst=Paul+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2F2007%2F07%2F31%2Fnews%2Fcompanies%2Fdowjones_newscorp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2020" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Ben (October 25, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html">"Trump Had One Last Story to Sell. The Wall Street Journal Wouldn't Buy It"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201025224009/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Had+One+Last+Story+to+Sell.+The+Wall+Street+Journal+Wouldn%27t+Buy+It.&rft.date=2020-10-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F10%2F25%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fhunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22mostsordidrecords22_16-17]-162"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage16mode2upq22mostsordidrecords22_16-17%5D_162-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/16/mode/2up?q=%22most+sordid+records%22">16-17</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrosecloseMilyo2005" class="citation journal cs1">Groseclose, T.; Milyo, J. (2005). "A Measure of Media Bias". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 120 (4): 1191. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2F003355305775097542">10.1162/003355305775097542</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:54066953">54066953</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Quarterly+Journal+of+Economics&rft.atitle=A+Measure+of+Media+Bias&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1191&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2F003355305775097542&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A54066953%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Groseclose&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Milyo%2C+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiberman2005" class="citation web cs1">Liberman, Mark (December 22, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002723.html">"Linguistics, Politics, Mathematics"</a>. Language Log. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060910105642/http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002723.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2006. Retrieved November 6, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Linguistics%2C+Politics%2C+Mathematics&rft.pub=Language+Log&rft.date=2005-12-22&rft.aulast=Liberman&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fitre.cis.upenn.edu%2F~myl%2Flanguagelog%2Farchives%2F002723.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafer2007" class="citation news cs1">Shafer, Jack (May 7, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2007/05/the-murdoch-street-journal-not-for-me-thanks.html">"The Murdoch Street Journal"</a>. Slate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080918203139/http://www.slate.com/id/2165749/">Archived</a> from the original on September 18, 2008. Retrieved September 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=The+Murdoch+Street+Journal&rft.date=2007-05-07&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fnews-and-politics%2F2007%2F05%2Fthe-murdoch-street-journal-not-for-me-thanks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opinionjournal.com/extra/?id=110010409">"A New Owner"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. August 1, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090625154530/http://www.opinionjournal.com/extra/?id=110010409">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2009. Retrieved September 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=A+New+Owner&rft.date=2007-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opinionjournal.com%2Fextra%2F%3Fid%3D110010409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ember-167">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ember_167-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ember_167-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ember_167-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ember_167-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmber2017" class="citation news cs1">Ember, Sydney (February 13, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/13/business/media/wall-street-journal-wsj2020.html">"Top Wall Street Journal Editor Defends Trump Coverage"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170213210535/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/13/business/media/wall-street-journal-wsj2020.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Top+Wall+Street+Journal+Editor+Defends+Trump+Coverage&rft.date=2017-02-13&rft.aulast=Ember&rft.aufirst=Sydney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F02%2F13%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fwall-street-journal-wsj2020.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWen" class="citation web cs1">Wen, Xin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201004061339/http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2020-02/19/c_1125597355.htm">"China revokes the press credentials of three Wall Street Journal reporters based in Beijing"</a>. Xinhua News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2020-02/19/c_1125597355.htm">the original</a> on October 4, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Xinhua+News&rft.atitle=China+revokes+the+press+credentials+of+three+Wall+Street+Journal+reporters+based+in+Beijing&rft.aulast=Wen&rft.aufirst=Xin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xinhuanet.com%2Fworld%2F2020-02%2F19%2Fc_1125597355.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTracy2020" class="citation news cs1">Tracy, Marc (July 10, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/10/business/media/wall-street-journal-staff.html">"Wall Street Journal Staff Members Push for Big Changes in News Coverage"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200711004014/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/10/business/media/wall-street-journal-staff.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+Staff+Members+Push+for+Big+Changes+in+News+Coverage&rft.date=2020-07-10&rft.aulast=Tracy&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F07%2F10%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fwall-street-journal-staff.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage58mode2upq22worldwaribattleship22_59]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upqbritannica_60]-170"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage58mode2upq22worldwaribattleship22_59%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage60mode2upqbritannica_60%5D_170-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/58/mode/2up?q=%22world+war+i+battleship%22">59</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/60/mode/2up?q=britannica">60</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScharff1986[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22Williamsdidnotattempt22_126]-[httpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22may28195422_127]-171"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScharff1986%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22Williamsdidnotattempt22_126%5D-%5Bhttpsarchiveorgdetailsworldlypowermaki0000schapage126mode2upq22may28195422_127%5D_171-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScharff1986">Scharff 1986</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/126/mode/2up?q=%22Williams+did+not+attempt%22">126</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldlypowermaki0000scha/page/126/mode/2up?q=%22may+28+1954%22">127</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTofel2015" class="citation web cs1">Tofel, Richard (April 22, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20150507155833/https://www.propublica.org/article/the-time-a-newspaper-stared-down-the-countrys-largest-advertiser">"The Time a Newspaper Stared Down the Country's Largest Advertiser"</a>. ProPublica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/the-time-a-newspaper-stared-down-the-countrys-largest-advertiser">the original</a> on May 7, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Time+a+Newspaper+Stared+Down+the+Country%27s+Largest+Advertiser&rft.pub=ProPublica&rft.date=2015-04-22&rft.aulast=Tofel&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.propublica.org%2Farticle%2Fthe-time-a-newspaper-stared-down-the-countrys-largest-advertiser&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple1973" class="citation web cs1">Apple, R.W. Jr. (August 7, 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1973/08/07/archives/a-gne-w-is-under-us-investigation-in-possible-criminal-violations.html">"Agnew is under U.S. investigation in 'possible' criminal violations; innocent of wrongdoing, he says"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved September 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Agnew+is+under+U.S.+investigation+in+%27possible%27+criminal+violations%3B+innocent+of+wrongdoing%2C+he+says&rft.date=1973-08-07&rft.aulast=Apple&rft.aufirst=R.W.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1973%2F08%2F07%2Farchives%2Fa-gne-w-is-under-us-investigation-in-possible-criminal-violations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1973/08/12/archives/thunderbolt-from-the-early-days-now-agnew.html">"Thunderbolt From the Early Days"</a>. The New York Times. August 12, 1973. Retrieved September 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Thunderbolt+From+the+Early+Days&rft.date=1973-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1973%2F08%2F12%2Farchives%2Fthunderbolt-from-the-early-days-now-agnew.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreene1997" class="citation book cs1">Greene, John Robert (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/atpresidentsside00walc/page/124/mode/2up?q=%22continue+to+speak+out%22">"'I'll Continue to Speak Out': Spiro T. Agnew as Vice President"</a>. In Walch, Timothy (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/atpresidentsside00walc">At the President's Side: The Vice Presidency in the Twentieth Century</a>. University of Missouri Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/atpresidentsside00walc/page/130/mode/2up?q=131">131</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/atpresidentsside00walc/page/132/mode/2up?q=132">132</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8262-1133-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8262-1133-X"><bdi>0-8262-1133-X</bdi></a> – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27I%27ll+Continue+to+Speak+Out%27%3A+Spiro+T.+Agnew+as+Vice+President&rft.btitle=At+the+President%27s+Side%3A+The+Vice+Presidency+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=131-132&rft.pub=University+of+Missouri+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-8262-1133-X&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=John+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fatpresidentsside00walc%2Fpage%2F124%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3D%2522continue%2Bto%2Bspeak%2Bout%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0106356/">Barbarians at the Gate</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pulitzer.org/cgi-bin/year.pl?type=w&year=1988&FormsButton2=Retrieve">"The Pulitzer Prizes"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060925063457/http://www.pulitzer.org/cgi-bin/year.pl?type=w&year=1988&FormsButton2=Retrieve">Archived</a> from the original on September 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pulitzer+Prizes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulitzer.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fyear.pl%3Ftype%3Dw%26year%3D1988%26FormsButton2%3DRetrieve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/james-b-stewart/den-of-thieves/">"Den of Thieves"</a>. Kirkus Reviews. September 1, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220803224801/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/james-b-stewart/den-of-thieves/">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kirkus+Reviews&rft.atitle=Den+of+Thieves&rft.date=1991-09-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirkusreviews.com%2Fbook-reviews%2Fjames-b-stewart%2Fden-of-thieves%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> Sanford, David. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/7.html">Back to the Future: One Man's AIDS Tale Shows How Quickly Epidemic Has Turned</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070630113448/http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/7.html">Archived</a> June 30, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". The Wall Street Journal (New York), November 8, 1997. </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/">Pulitzer Prize Winners: 1997 – National Reporting</a>, retrieved August 8, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070711062822/http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/">Archived</a> July 11, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> Gladwell, Malcolm. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/01/08/070108fa_fact_gladwell?currentPage=2">Open Secrets</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929153018/http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/01/08/070108fa_fact_gladwell?currentPage=2">Archived</a> September 29, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". The New Yorker, January 8, 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usdoj.gov/enron/exhibit/03-08/BBC-0001/Images/EXH023-00201.PDF">Enron CFO's Partnership Had Millions in Profit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060823080958/http://www.usdoj.gov/enron/exhibit/03-08/BBC-0001/Images/EXH023-00201.PDF">Archived</a> August 23, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Wall Street Journal (New York), October 19, 2001. Retrieved August 19, 2006. (PDF). </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/podcasts/bad-bets/introducing-bad-bets/d26a97c0-79f4-4d71-9378-f8b486f7b6e5">"Introducing: Bad Bets – Bad Bets – WSJ Podcasts"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211207030907/https://www.wsj.com/podcasts/bad-bets/introducing-bad-bets/d26a97c0-79f4-4d71-9378-f8b486f7b6e5">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Introducing%3A+Bad+Bets+%E2%80%93+Bad+Bets+%E2%80%93+WSJ+Podcasts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Fpodcasts%2Fbad-bets%2Fintroducing-bad-bets%2Fd26a97c0-79f4-4d71-9378-f8b486f7b6e5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mediaweek.co.uk/news/662527/Raymond-Snoddy-Media-Logic-says-WSJ-safe-Murdoch/">"Raymond Snoddy on Media: Logic says WSJ is safe with Murdoch"</a>. Mediaweek.co.uk. June 6, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121222143923/http://mediaweek.co.uk/news/662527/Raymond-Snoddy-Media-Logic-says-WSJ-safe-Murdoch/">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raymond+Snoddy+on+Media%3A+Logic+says+WSJ+is+safe+with+Murdoch&rft.pub=Mediaweek.co.uk&rft.date=2007-06-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmediaweek.co.uk%2Fnews%2F662527%2FRaymond-Snoddy-Media-Logic-says-WSJ-safe-Murdoch%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Eye_of_the_Storm-185">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Eye_of_the_Storm_185-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Eye_of_the_Storm_185-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Eye_of_the_Storm_185-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBussey2001" class="citation news cs1">Bussey, John (September 12, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511142246/http://www.pulitzer.org/archives/6536">"The Eye of the Storm: One Journey Through Desperation and Chaos"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. p. A1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1000265058230898329">the original</a> on May 11, 2011. Retrieved September 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Eye+of+the+Storm%3A+One+Journey+Through+Desperation+and+Chaos&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2001-09-12&rft.aulast=Bussey&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB1000265058230898329&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harris_2011-186">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harris_2011_186-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harris_2011_186-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2011" class="citation web cs1">Harris, Roy J. Jr. (September 6, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080706192242/http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/040802pulitzer5.htm">"How The Wall Street Journal's improvised 9/11 battle plan helped it to a Pulitzer"</a>. Poynter Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2011/how-the-wall-street-journals-improvised-911-battle-plan-helped-it-to-a-pulitzer/">the original</a> on July 6, 2008. Retrieved September 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+The+Wall+Street+Journal%27s+improvised+9%2F11+battle+plan+helped+it+to+a+Pulitzer&rft.pub=Poynter+Institute&rft.date=2011-09-06&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Roy+J.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.poynter.org%2Freporting-editing%2F2011%2Fhow-the-wall-street-journals-improvised-911-battle-plan-helped-it-to-a-pulitzer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pulitzer.org/works/2002-Breaking-News-Reporting">"The Pulitzer Prizes – Works"</a>. pulitzer.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101230004601/http://www.pulitzer.org/works/2002-Breaking-News-Reporting">Archived</a> from the original on December 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pulitzer.org&rft.atitle=The+Pulitzer+Prizes+%E2%80%93+Works&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulitzer.org%2Fworks%2F2002-Breaking-News-Reporting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCullisonHiggins2001" class="citation web cs1">Cullison, Alan; Higgins, Andrew (December 31, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020109163051/http://www.msnbc.com:80/news/679996.asp?pne=msn&cp1=1">"Computer in Kabul holds chilling memos"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msnbc.com:80/news/679996.asp">the original</a> on January 9, 2002. Retrieved September 27, 2024 – via MSNBC.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Computer+in+Kabul+holds+chilling+memos&rft.date=2001-12-31&rft.aulast=Cullison&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Higgins%2C+Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msnbc.com%3A80%2Fnews%2F679996.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> Originally published on WSJ.com as "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB100975171479902000">Forgotten Computer Reveals Thinking Behind Four Years of al Qaeda Doings</a>". </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerges2009" class="citation book cs1">Gerges, Fawaz A. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TgYo05-2F7EC">The Far Enemy: Why Jihad Went Global</a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 332–333. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521519359" title="Special:BookSources/9780521519359"><bdi>9780521519359</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Far+Enemy%3A+Why+Jihad+Went+Global&rft.pages=332-333&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780521519359&rft.aulast=Gerges&rft.aufirst=Fawaz+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTgYo05-2F7EC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pulitzer.org/theMedal">"The Pulitzer Prizes – The Medal"</a>. The Pulitzer Prizes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131027094433/http://www.pulitzer.org/theMedal">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2013. Retrieved October 29, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Pulitzer+Prizes&rft.atitle=The+Pulitzer+Prizes+%E2%80%93+The+Medal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulitzer.org%2FtheMedal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly2008" class="citation web cs1">Kelly, Kate (May 27, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080530004141/https://online.wsj.com/article/SB121184521826521301.html">"Lost Opportunities Haunt Final Days of Bear Stearns"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121184521826521301">the original</a> on May 30, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Lost+Opportunities+Haunt+Final+Days+of+Bear+Stearns&rft.date=2008-05-27&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB121184521826521301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly2008" class="citation web cs1">Kelly, Kate (May 28, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080905000025/https://online.wsj.com/article/SB121193290927324603.html">"Fear, Rumors Touched Off Fatal Run on Bear Stearns"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. p. A1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121193290927324603">the original</a> on September 5, 2008. Retrieved September 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Fear%2C+Rumors+Touched+Off+Fatal+Run+on+Bear+Stearns&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2008-05-28&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB121193290927324603&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly2008" class="citation web cs1">Kelly, Kate (May 29, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080829224304/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121202057232127889.html">"Bear Stearns Neared Collapse Twice in Frenzied Last Days"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121202057232127889">the original</a> on August 29, 2008. Retrieved September 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Bear+Stearns+Neared+Collapse+Twice+in+Frenzied+Last+Days&rft.date=2008-05-29&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB121202057232127889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdemy2010" class="citation news cs1">Ademy, Janet (September 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101004012540/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703431604575522413101063070.html">"McDonald's May Drop Health Plan"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703431604575522413101063070.html">the original</a> on October 4, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=McDonald%27s+May+Drop+Health+Plan&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.aulast=Ademy&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052748703431604575522413101063070.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnall2010" class="citation news cs1">Arnall, Daniel (September 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/HealthCare/mcdonalds-fights-back-report-drop-health-care-plan/story?id=11764596">"McDonald's Fights Back Against Report It Will Drop Health Care Plan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101002092723/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/HealthCare/mcdonalds-fights-back-report-drop-health-care-plan/story?id=11764596">Archived</a> from the original on October 2, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=McDonald%27s+Fights+Back+Against+Report+It+Will+Drop+Health+Care+Plan&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.aulast=Arnall&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FPolitics%2FHealthCare%2Fmcdonalds-fights-back-report-drop-health-care-plan%2Fstory%3Fid%3D11764596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulton2010" class="citation news cs1">Fulton, April (September 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2010/09/30/130239354/media-takes-note-when-mcdonalds-threatens-to-cut-skimpy-health-plans">"McDonald's threatens to cut skimpy health plans"</a>. National Public Radio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101001201020/http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2010/09/30/130239354/media-takes-note-when-mcdonalds-threatens-to-cut-skimpy-health-plans">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=McDonald%27s+threatens+to+cut+skimpy+health+plans&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.aulast=Fulton&rft.aufirst=April&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fblogs%2Fhealth%2F2010%2F09%2F30%2F130239354%2Fmedia-takes-note-when-mcdonalds-threatens-to-cut-skimpy-health-plans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPequent2010" class="citation news cs1">Pequent, Julian (September 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/71616-health-secretary-says-mcdonalds-not-dropping-health-plans/">"Health secretary says McDonald's not dropping health plans"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101003084820/http://thehill.com/blogs/healthwatch/health-reform-implementation/121875-sebelius-denies-story-of-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Health+secretary+says+McDonald%27s+not+dropping+health+plans&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.aulast=Pequent&rft.aufirst=Julian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fpolicy%2Fhealthcare%2F71616-health-secretary-says-mcdonalds-not-dropping-health-plans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeisenthal2010" class="citation web cs1">Weisenthal, Joe (September 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/the-wsjs-demonization-of-obamacare-hits-pathetic-low-with-article-on-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage-2010-9">"The WSJ's Demonization Of Obamacare Hits New Low With Article On McDonald's Dropping Coverage"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101002202237/http://www.businessinsider.com/the-wsjs-demonization-of-obamacare-hits-pathetic-low-with-article-on-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage-2010-9">Archived</a> from the original on October 2, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=The+WSJ%27s+Demonization+Of+Obamacare+Hits+New+Low+With+Article+On+McDonald%27s+Dropping+Coverage&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.aulast=Weisenthal&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fthe-wsjs-demonization-of-obamacare-hits-pathetic-low-with-article-on-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage-2010-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNg2015" class="citation web cs1">Ng, Jason (July 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/malaysia-authorities-order-six-bank-accounts-frozen-tied-to-probe-of-alleged-transfers-to-prime-minister-najib-1436253593">"Malaysia Orders Freeze of Accounts Tied to Probe of Alleged Transfers to Prime Minister Najib"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Malaysia+Orders+Freeze+of+Accounts+Tied+to+Probe+of+Alleged+Transfers+to+Prime+Minister+Najib&rft.date=2015-07-07&rft.aulast=Ng&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fmalaysia-authorities-order-six-bank-accounts-frozen-tied-to-probe-of-alleged-transfers-to-prime-minister-najib-1436253593&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pulitzer.org/finalists/tom-wright-bradley-hope-simon-clark-mia-lamar-and-james-hookway">"Finalist: Tom Wright, Bradley Hope, Simon Clark, Mia Lamar and James Hookway of The Wall Street Journal"</a>. The Pulitzer Prizes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220711173044/https://www.pulitzer.org/finalists/tom-wright-bradley-hope-simon-clark-mia-lamar-and-james-hookway">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Pulitzer+Prizes&rft.atitle=Finalist%3A+Tom+Wright%2C+Bradley+Hope%2C+Simon+Clark%2C+Mia+Lamar+and+James+Hookway+of+The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulitzer.org%2Ffinalists%2Ftom-wright-bradley-hope-simon-clark-mia-lamar-and-james-hookway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53563065">"Najib Razak: Malaysian ex-PM gets 12-year jail term in 1MDB corruption trial"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. July 28, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728060122/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53563065">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved September 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Najib+Razak%3A+Malaysian+ex-PM+gets+12-year+jail+term+in+1MDB+corruption+trial&rft.date=2020-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-53563065&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarreyrou2015" class="citation news cs1">Carreyrou, John (October 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901">"Hot Startup Theranos Has Struggled With Its Blood-Test Technology"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421220545/https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2017. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Hot+Startup+Theranos+Has+Struggled+With+Its+Blood-Test+Technology&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Carreyrou&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Ftheranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bilton-203">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bilton_203-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bilton_203-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBilton" class="citation news cs1">Bilton, Nick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2016/09/elizabeth-holmes-theranos-exclusive">"Exclusive: How Elizabeth Holmes's House of Cards Came Tumbling Down"</a>. The Hive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170410172642/http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2016/09/elizabeth-holmes-theranos-exclusive">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2017. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hive&rft.atitle=Exclusive%3A+How+Elizabeth+Holmes%27s+House+of+Cards+Came+Tumbling+Down&rft.aulast=Bilton&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F09%2Felizabeth-holmes-theranos-exclusive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fortune.com/2015/10/15/theranos-elizabeth-holmes-wsj/">"Are The Wall Street Journal's Allegations About Theranos True"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170111090439/http://fortune.com/2015/10/15/theranos-elizabeth-holmes-wsj/">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2017. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fortune&rft.atitle=Are+The+Wall+Street+Journal%27s+Allegations+About+Theranos+True&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffortune.com%2F2015%2F10%2F15%2Ftheranos-elizabeth-holmes-wsj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaverCarreyrou2017" class="citation news cs1">Weaver, Christopher; Carreyrou, John (January 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/second-theranos-lab-failed-u-s-inspection-1484708428">"Second Theranos Lab Failed U.S. Inspection"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421122207/https://www.wsj.com/articles/second-theranos-lab-failed-u-s-inspection-1484708428">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2017. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Second+Theranos+Lab+Failed+U.S.+Inspection&rft.date=2017-01-18&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Carreyrou%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fsecond-theranos-lab-failed-u-s-inspection-1484708428&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaver2017" class="citation news cs1">Weaver, Christopher (April 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-secretly-bought-outside-lab-gear-ran-fake-tests-court-filings-1492794470">"Theranos Secretly Bought Outside Lab Gear, Ran Fake Tests: Court Filings"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421221930/https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-secretly-bought-outside-lab-gear-ran-fake-tests-court-filings-1492794470">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2017. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Theranos+Secretly+Bought+Outside+Lab+Gear%2C+Ran+Fake+Tests%3A+Court+Filings&rft.date=2017-04-22&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Ftheranos-secretly-bought-outside-lab-gear-ran-fake-tests-court-filings-1492794470&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harry-207"><a href="#cite_ref-Harry_207-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarry2018" class="citation journal cs1">Harry, Charles (June 15, 2018). "Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup". Library Journal. 143 (11): 78–83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Journal&rft.atitle=Bad+Blood%3A+Secrets+and+Lies+in+a+Silicon+Valley+Startup&rft.volume=143&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=78-83&rft.date=2018-06-15&rft.aulast=Harry&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Brien2018" class="citation web cs1">O'Brien, Sarah Ashley (June 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/15/technology/elizabeth-holmes-indicted-theranos/index.html">"Elizabeth Holmes indicted on wire fraud charges, steps down from Theranos"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210208200304/https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/15/technology/elizabeth-holmes-indicted-theranos/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Holmes+indicted+on+wire+fraud+charges%2C+steps+down+from+Theranos&rft.date=2018-06-15&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Sarah+Ashley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2F2018%2F06%2F15%2Ftechnology%2Felizabeth-holmes-indicted-theranos%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-griffith-209"><a href="#cite_ref-griffith_209-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffithWoo2022" class="citation web cs1">Griffith, Erin; Woo, Erin (January 4, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/01/03/technology/elizabeth-holmes-trial-verdict">"Elizabeth Holmes Found Guilty of Four Charges of Fraud"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220104002329/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/01/03/technology/elizabeth-holmes-trial-verdict">Archived</a> from the original on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+Holmes+Found+Guilty+of+Four+Charges+of+Fraud&rft.date=2022-01-04&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft.au=Woo%2C+Erin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flive%2F2022%2F01%2F03%2Ftechnology%2Felizabeth-holmes-trial-verdict&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/nov/29/rupert-murdoch-theranos-investment-wall-street-journal">"Rupert Murdoch set to lose $100m Theranos investment e"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 14, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Rupert+Murdoch+set+to+lose+%24100m+Theranos+investment+e&rft.date=2016-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2016%2Fnov%2F29%2Frupert-murdoch-theranos-investment-wall-street-journal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/timeline-of-the-donald-trump-stormy-daniels-saga-1525373930">"Timeline of the Donald Trump-Stormy Daniels Saga"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. May 3, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408030731/https://www.wsj.com/articles/timeline-of-the-donald-trump-stormy-daniels-saga-1525373930">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2019. Retrieved April 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Timeline+of+the+Donald+Trump-Stormy+Daniels+Saga&rft.date=2018-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Ftimeline-of-the-donald-trump-stormy-daniels-saga-1525373930&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMangan2018" class="citation news cs1">Mangan, Dan (December 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/12/12/trumps-ex-lawyer-and-fixer-michael-cohen-sentenced-to-3-years.html">"Trump's ex-lawyer and fixer Michael Cohen sentenced to 3 years in prison after admitting 'blind loyalty' led him to cover up president's 'dirty deeds'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181212171703/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/12/12/trumps-ex-lawyer-and-fixer-michael-cohen-sentenced-to-3-years.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 12, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Trump%27s+ex-lawyer+and+fixer+Michael+Cohen+sentenced+to+3+years+in+prison+after+admitting+%27blind+loyalty%27+led+him+to+cover+up+president%27s+%27dirty+deeds%27&rft.date=2018-12-12&rft.aulast=Mangan&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2018%2F12%2F12%2Ftrumps-ex-lawyer-and-fixer-michael-cohen-sentenced-to-3-years.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrynbaum2019" class="citation news cs1">Grynbaum, Michael M. (April 16, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/business/media/pulitzer-prizes.html">"Pulitzer Prizes Focus on Coverage of Trump Finances and Parkland Shooting"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190415194445/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/business/media/pulitzer-prizes.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2019. Retrieved April 16, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Pulitzer+Prizes+Focus+on+Coverage+of+Trump+Finances+and+Parkland+Shooting&rft.date=2019-04-16&rft.aulast=Grynbaum&rft.aufirst=Michael+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F04%2F15%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fpulitzer-prizes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021_Facebook_leak_Zubrow_Gavrilovic_Ortiz_10-4-2021-214"><a href="#cite_ref-2021_Facebook_leak_Zubrow_Gavrilovic_Ortiz_10-4-2021_214-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZubrowGavrilovicOrtiz2021" class="citation news cs1">Zubrow, Keith; Gavrilovic, Maria; Ortiz, Alex (October 4, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-whistleblower-sec-complaint-60-minutes-2021-10-04/">"Whistleblower's SEC complaint: Facebook knew platform was used to "promote human trafficking and domestic servitude""</a>. <a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes Overtime</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220512224856/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-whistleblower-sec-complaint-60-minutes-2021-10-04/">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=60+Minutes+Overtime&rft.atitle=Whistleblower%27s+SEC+complaint%3A+Facebook+knew+platform+was+used+to+%22promote+human+trafficking+and+domestic+servitude%22&rft.date=2021-10-04&rft.aulast=Zubrow&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.au=Gavrilovic%2C+Maria&rft.au=Ortiz%2C+Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Ffacebook-whistleblower-sec-complaint-60-minutes-2021-10-04%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorwitz2021" class="citation news cs1">Horwitz, Jeff (September 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-files-xcheck-zuckerberg-elite-rules-11631541353">"Facebook Says Its Rules Apply to All. Company Documents Reveal a Secret Elite That's Exempt"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/News_Corp" title="News Corp">News Corp</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230905023222/https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-files-xcheck-zuckerberg-elite-rules-11631541353">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2023. Retrieved May 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Facebook+Says+Its+Rules+Apply+to+All.+Company+Documents+Reveal+a+Secret+Elite+That%27s+Exempt.&rft.date=2021-09-13&rft.aulast=Horwitz&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Ffacebook-files-xcheck-zuckerberg-elite-rules-11631541353&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBursztynskyFeiner2021" class="citation news cs1">Bursztynsky, Jessica; Feiner, Lauren (September 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/14/facebook-documents-show-how-toxic-instagram-is-for-teens-wsj.html">"Facebook documents show how toxic Instagram is for teens, Wall Street Journal reports"</a>. CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220515192118/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/14/facebook-documents-show-how-toxic-instagram-is-for-teens-wsj.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Facebook+documents+show+how+toxic+Instagram+is+for+teens%2C+Wall+Street+Journal+reports&rft.date=2021-09-14&rft.aulast=Bursztynsky&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.au=Feiner%2C+Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F09%2F14%2Ffacebook-documents-show-how-toxic-instagram-is-for-teens-wsj.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021_Facebook_leak_Pelley_10-4-2021-217"><a href="#cite_ref-2021_Facebook_leak_Pelley_10-4-2021_217-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPelley2021" class="citation news cs1">Pelley, Scott (October 4, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-whistleblower-frances-haugen-misinformation-public-60-minutes-2021-10-03/">"Whistleblower: Facebook is misleading the public on progress against hate speech, violence, misinformation"</a>. 60 Minutes. CBS News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211004113627/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-whistleblower-frances-haugen-misinformation-public-60-minutes-2021-10-03/">Archived</a> from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved May 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=60+Minutes&rft.atitle=Whistleblower%3A+Facebook+is+misleading+the+public+on+progress+against+hate+speech%2C+violence%2C+misinformation&rft.date=2021-10-04&rft.aulast=Pelley&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Ffacebook-whistleblower-frances-haugen-misinformation-public-60-minutes-2021-10-03%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeiner2021" class="citation news cs1">Feiner, Lauren (October 3, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/04/facebook-whistleblower-reveals-identity-ahead-of-60-minutes-interview.html">"Facebook whistleblower reveals identity, accuses the platform of a 'betrayal of democracy'"</a>. CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220517003418/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/04/facebook-whistleblower-reveals-identity-ahead-of-60-minutes-interview.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Facebook+whistleblower+reveals+identity%2C+accuses+the+platform+of+a+%27betrayal+of+democracy%27&rft.date=2021-10-03&rft.aulast=Feiner&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F10%2F04%2Ffacebook-whistleblower-reveals-identity-ahead-of-60-minutes-interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeiner2021" class="citation news cs1">Feiner, Lauren (October 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/05/facebook-whistleblower-testifies-before-senate-committee.html">"Facebook whistleblower: The company knows it's harming people and the buck stops with Zuckerberg"</a>. CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220517003416/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/05/facebook-whistleblower-testifies-before-senate-committee.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Facebook+whistleblower%3A+The+company+knows+it%27s+harming+people+and+the+buck+stops+with+Zuckerberg&rft.date=2021-10-05&rft.aulast=Feiner&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F10%2F05%2Ffacebook-whistleblower-testifies-before-senate-committee.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBidar2021" class="citation news cs1">Bidar, Musadiq (October 28, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-name-change-meta/">"Facebook to change corporate name to Meta"</a>. CBS News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220517003416/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-name-change-meta/">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Facebook+to+change+corporate+name+to+Meta&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft.aulast=Bidar&rft.aufirst=Musadiq&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Ffacebook-name-change-meta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZakrzewski2022" class="citation news cs1">Zakrzewski, Cat (February 18, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/02/18/whistleblower-facebook-sec-climate-change/">"Facebook whistleblower alleges executives misled investors about climate, covid hoaxes in new SEC complaint"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329183443/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/02/18/whistleblower-facebook-sec-climate-change/">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Facebook+whistleblower+alleges+executives+misled+investors+about+climate%2C+covid+hoaxes+in+new+SEC+complaint&rft.date=2022-02-18&rft.aulast=Zakrzewski&rft.aufirst=Cat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Ftechnology%2F2022%2F02%2F18%2Fwhistleblower-facebook-sec-climate-change%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/china/2024/07/24/the-noose-around-the-press-in-hong-kong-tightens">"The noose around the press in Hong Kong tightens"</a>. The Economist.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+noose+around+the+press+in+Hong+Kong+tightens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fchina%2F2024%2F07%2F24%2Fthe-noose-around-the-press-in-hong-kong-tightens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barrons.com/news/ex-wsj-reporter-says-fired-over-role-in-hong-kong-press-union-002d09da">"Ex-WSJ Reporter Says Fired over Role in Hong Kong Press Union"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ex-WSJ+Reporter+Says+Fired+over+Role+in+Hong+Kong+Press+Union&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barrons.com%2Fnews%2Fex-wsj-reporter-says-fired-over-role-in-hong-kong-press-union-002d09da&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawkins2024" class="citation news cs1">Hawkins, Amy (July 17, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/article/2024/jul/17/wall-street-journal-fires-new-chair-of-hong-kong-journalists-association">"Wall Street Journal fires new chair of Hong Kong Journalists Association"</a>. The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Wall+Street+Journal+fires+new+chair+of+Hong+Kong+Journalists+Association&rft.date=2024-07-17&rft.aulast=Hawkins&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2Farticle%2F2024%2Fjul%2F17%2Fwall-street-journal-fires-new-chair-of-hong-kong-journalists-association&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hongkongfp.com/2024/07/17/breaking-chair-of-hong-kong-journalists-association-selina-cheng-fired-by-wall-street-journal-weeks-after-election/">"Wall Street Journal fires Hong Kong reporter Selina Cheng"</a>. July 17, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wall+Street+Journal+fires+Hong+Kong+reporter+Selina+Cheng&rft.date=2024-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhongkongfp.com%2F2024%2F07%2F17%2Fbreaking-chair-of-hong-kong-journalists-association-selina-cheng-fired-by-wall-street-journal-weeks-after-election%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cjr.org/first_person/selina-cheng-wall-street-journal-gershkovich-evan-china-hong-kong-apple.php">"I pushed for press freedom in Hong Kong. The Wall Street Journal fired me"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+pushed+for+press+freedom+in+Hong+Kong.+The+Wall+Street+Journal+fired+me&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cjr.org%2Ffirst_person%2Fselina-cheng-wall-street-journal-gershkovich-evan-china-hong-kong-apple.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKilpatrick2024" class="citation web cs1">Kilpatrick, Ryan Ho (July 19, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chinamediaproject.org/2024/07/19/code-of-silence/">"Code of Silence"</a>. chinamediaproject.org. Retrieved September 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chinamediaproject.org&rft.atitle=Code+of+Silence&rft.date=2024-07-19&rft.aulast=Kilpatrick&rft.aufirst=Ryan+Ho&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchinamediaproject.org%2F2024%2F07%2F19%2Fcode-of-silence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldenCai2024" class="citation news cs1">Walden, Max; Cai, Jenny (July 19, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-07-19/wall-street-journal-sacks-selina-cheng-press-freedom-concerns/104117976">"Chinese media applauds Wall Street Journal's sacking of Hong Kong journalist"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a>. Retrieved September 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Chinese+media+applauds+Wall+Street+Journal%27s+sacking+of+Hong+Kong+journalist&rft.date=2024-07-19&rft.aulast=Walden&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.au=Cai%2C+Jenny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2024-07-19%2Fwall-street-journal-sacks-selina-cheng-press-freedom-concerns%2F104117976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMycroft2024" class="citation web cs1">Mycroft, Connor (July 19, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3271052/overseas-groups-step-support-hong-kongs-selina-cheng-over-wall-street-journal-sacking">"Global press groups support Hong Kong reporter over Wall Street Journal sacking"</a>. Retrieved September 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+press+groups+support+Hong+Kong+reporter+over+Wall+Street+Journal+sacking&rft.date=2024-07-19&rft.aulast=Mycroft&rft.aufirst=Connor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F3271052%2Foverseas-groups-step-support-hong-kongs-selina-cheng-over-wall-street-journal-sacking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cpj.org/2024/08/cpj-calls-for-support-for-hong-kong-journalists-amid-growing-pressure-trial-delays/">"CPJ calls for support for Hong Kong journalists amid growing pressure, trial delays"</a>. August 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CPJ+calls+for+support+for+Hong+Kong+journalists+amid+growing+pressure%2C+trial+delays&rft.date=2024-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcpj.org%2F2024%2F08%2Fcpj-calls-for-support-for-hong-kong-journalists-amid-growing-pressure-trial-delays%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-07-19/wall-street-journal-sacks-selina-cheng-press-freedom-concerns/104117976">"Chinese media applauds Wall Street Journal's sacking of Hong Kong journalist"</a>. ABC News. July 19, 2024 – via www.abc.net.au.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Chinese+media+applauds+Wall+Street+Journal%27s+sacking+of+Hong+Kong+journalist&rft.date=2024-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2024-07-19%2Fwall-street-journal-sacks-selina-cheng-press-freedom-concerns%2F104117976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3272069/wall-street-journal-firing-over-press-freedom-stance-hong-kong-selina-cheng-says">"The Wall Street Journal told staff to 'avoid press freedom advocacy in Hong Kong'"</a>. South China Morning Post. July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+told+staff+to+%27avoid+press+freedom+advocacy+in+Hong+Kong%27&rft.date=2024-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F3272069%2Fwall-street-journal-firing-over-press-freedom-stance-hong-kong-selina-cheng-says&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheng" class="citation web cs1">Cheng, Selina. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cjr.org/first_person/selina-cheng-wall-street-journal-gershkovich-evan-china-hong-kong-apple.php">"I pushed for press freedom in Hong Kong. The Wall Street Journal fired me"</a>. Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Journalism+Review&rft.atitle=I+pushed+for+press+freedom+in+Hong+Kong.+The+Wall+Street+Journal+fired+me.&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Selina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cjr.org%2Ffirst_person%2Fselina-cheng-wall-street-journal-gershkovich-evan-china-hong-kong-apple.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfa.org/english/china/2024/11/12/china-hong-kong-wsj-journalist-sues-dismissal/">"Hong Kong journalist to sue Wall Street Journal over sacking"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia" title="Radio Free Asia">Radio Free Asia</a>. November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Asia&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong+journalist+to+sue+Wall+Street+Journal+over+sacking&rft.date=2024-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfa.org%2Fenglish%2Fchina%2F2024%2F11%2F12%2Fchina-hong-kong-wsj-journalist-sues-dismissal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeung2024" class="citation web cs1">Leung, Kanis (November 12, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/selina-cheng-wsj-dismissal-hong-kong-65c74d2fd85b90bf63678238522cd8c3">"Hong Kong reporter says she'll sue Wall Street Journal for dismissal because of her union role"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong+reporter+says+she%27ll+sue+Wall+Street+Journal+for+dismissal+because+of+her+union+role&rft.date=2024-11-12&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=Kanis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fselina-cheng-wsj-dismissal-hong-kong-65c74d2fd85b90bf63678238522cd8c3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2024" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Christopher (July 30, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crikey.com.au/2024/07/31/news-corp-lachlan-james-hong-kong/">"Watch Hong Kong (not Reno) to understand what News Corp is really up to"</a>. Crikey. Retrieved July 31, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Crikey&rft.atitle=Watch+Hong+Kong+%28not+Reno%29+to+understand+what+News+Corp+is+really+up+to&rft.date=2024-07-30&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.crikey.com.au%2F2024%2F07%2F31%2Fnews-corp-lachlan-james-hong-kong%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"10". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/2024_Annual_Report_to_Congress.pdf">2024 REPORT TO CONGRESS</a> (PDF). U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION. November 2024. p. 698.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=10&rft.btitle=2024+REPORT+TO+CONGRESS&rft.pages=698&rft.pub=U.S.-CHINA+ECONOMIC+AND+SECURITY+REVIEW+COMMISSION&rft.date=2024-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uscc.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2024-11%2F2024_Annual_Report_to_Congress.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDealy1993" class="citation book cs1">Dealy, Francis X. (1 June 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/powermoneyinside00deal">The Power and the Money: Inside the Wall Street Journal</a> (1st ed.). <a href="/wiki/Carol_Publishing_Group" title="Carol Publishing Group">Birch Lane Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1559721189" title="Special:BookSources/978-1559721189"><bdi>978-1559721189</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/92035893">92035893</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/468517852">468517852</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL1731385M">1731385M</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Power+and+the+Money%3A+Inside+the+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Birch+Lane+Press&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F468517852&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F92035893&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL1731385M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-1559721189&rft.aulast=Dealy&rft.aufirst=Francis+X.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpowermoneyinside00deal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Wall+Street+Journal" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Douai, Aziz, and Terry Wu. "News as business: the global financial crisis and Occupy movement in the Wall Street Journal". Journal of International Communication 20.2 (2014): 148–167.</li> <li>Merrill, John C., and Harold A. Fisher. The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers (1980), pp. 338–41.</li> <li>Rosenberg, Jerry M. Inside The Wall Street Journal: The History and the Power of Dow Jones & Company and America's Most Influential Newspaper (1982) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/library/98720012/inside-the-wall-street-journal-the-history-and-the">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190111121711/https://www.questia.com/library/98720012/inside-the-wall-street-journal-the-history-and-the">Archived</a> January 11, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Sakurai, Takuya. "Framing a Trade Policy: An Analysis of The Wall Street Journal Coverage of Super 301". Intercultural Communication Studies 24.3 (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.uri.edu/iaics/files/Takuya-Sakurai.pdf">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308071407/https://web.uri.edu/iaics/files/Takuya-Sakurai.pdf">Archived</a> March 8, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Steinbock, Dan. "Building dynamic capabilities: The Wall Street Journal interactive edition: A successful online subscription model (1993–2000)". International Journal on Media Management 2.3-4 (2000): 178–194.</li> <li>Yarrow, Andrew L. "The big postwar story: Abundance and the rise of economic journalism". Journalism History 32.2 (2006): 58+ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publicagenda.com/files/The_Big_Postwar_Story_final%20_Journalism_History_article.pdf">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20181113022641/http://www.publicagenda.com/files/The_Big_Postwar_Story_final%20_Journalism_History_article.pdf">Archived</a> November 13, 2018, at <a href="/wiki/Archive-It" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive-It">Archive-It</a></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Wall_Street_Journal" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wsj.com">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164746#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><noscript><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" data-alt="Edit this at Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&oldid=1259243938">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&oldid=1259243938</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 24 November 2024, at 04:06 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84" title="وول ستريت جورنال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وول ستريت جورنال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="দ্য ওয়াল স্ট্রিট জার্নাল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দ্য ওয়াল স্ট্রিট জার্নাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Уолстрийт Джърнъл – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уолстрийт Джърнъл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DA%98%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84" title="وال‌استریت ژورنال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وال‌استریت ژورنال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E7%88%BE%E8%A1%97%E6%97%A5%E5%A0%B1" title="華爾街日報 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="華爾街日報" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8_%EC%A0%80%EB%84%90" title="월스트리트 저널 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="월스트리트 저널" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2" title="वाल स्ट्रीट जर्नल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वाल स्ट्रीट जर्नल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%9C" title="וול סטריט ג'ורנל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וול סטריט ג'ורנל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2" title="वॉल स्ट्रीट जर्नल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वॉल स्ट्रीट जर्नल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84" title="وول ستريت جورنال – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وول ستريت جورنال" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84" title="وال‌استریت جورنال – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="وال‌استریت جورنال" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%96%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Уол Стрийт Жорнал – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Уол Стрийт Жорнал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2" title="वाल स्ट्रीट जर्नल – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="वाल स्ट्रीट जर्नल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB" title="ウォール・ストリート・ジャーナル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウォール・ストリート・ジャーナル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%BF_%E0%AC%93%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A3%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%8D" title="ଦି ଓ୍ୱାଲ୍ ଷ୍ଟ୍ରିଟ୍ ଜର୍ଣ୍ଣାଲ୍ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଦି ଓ୍ୱାଲ୍ ଷ୍ଟ୍ରିଟ୍ ଜର୍ଣ୍ଣାଲ୍" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B2" title="ਦ ਵਾਲ ਸਟਰੀਟ ਜਰਨਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦ ਵਾਲ ਸਟਰੀਟ ਜਰਨਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%84" title="دی وال سٹریٹ جرنل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دی وال سٹریٹ جرنل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="ද වෝල් ස්ට්‍රීට් ජර්නල් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද වෝල් ස්ට්‍රීට් ජර්නල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5" title="เดอะวอลล์สตรีทเจอร์นัล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เดอะวอลล์สตรีทเจอร์นัล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB-%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Волл-стріт джорнел – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Волл-стріт джорнел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%84" title="وال اسٹریٹ جرنل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وال اسٹریٹ جرنل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%88%DA%86%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89_%DA%98%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%84%D9%89" title="ۋالت كوچىسى ژورنلى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋالت كوچىسى ژورنلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%B0%94%E8%A1%97%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5" title="华尔街日报 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="华尔街日报" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9C" title="וואל סטריט זשורנאל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וואל סטריט זשורנאל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E7%88%BE%E8%A1%97%E6%97%A5%E5%A0%B1" title="華爾街日報 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="華爾街日報" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="The Wall Street Journal" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%B0%94%E8%A1%97%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5" title="华尔街日报 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="华尔街日报" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 November 2024, at 04:06 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Wall_Street_Journal&mobileaction=toggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-84779d6bf6-lxzkk","wgBackendResponseTime":260,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.537","walltime":"2.968","ppvisitednodes":{"value":19460,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":747321,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":85019,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":25,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":900251,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":2,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2463.108 1 -total"," 43.63% 1074.752 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.82% 340.356 80 Template:Cite_news"," 13.69% 337.225 95 Template:Cite_web"," 8.94% 220.248 45 Template:Sfn"," 8.24% 202.844 2 Template:Infobox"," 7.31% 180.058 1 Template:Infobox_newspaper"," 5.77% 142.155 14 Template:Cite_book"," 5.52% 135.975 1 Template:Conservatism_US"," 4.03% 99.264 1 Template:Excerpt"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.522","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16074007,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAdemy2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAhrens2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFApple1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArnall2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarringerManly2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBayerColgrove2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBenton2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBilton\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBolies2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBond2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBorenstein2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoris_Bellanger2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBowden2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBussey2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarr2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarreyrou2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCassella2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCheng\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCookNuccitelliGreenRichardson2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCorneliussen2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrossen2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCullisonHiggins2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavies2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDealy1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDryzekNorgaardSchlosberg2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdgecliffe-Johnson2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEllison2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEmber2017\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFFaginLavelle1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFeldmanHartMilosevic2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFischer2022\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFFleischer1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFolkenflik2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrej2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFulton2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGallupKnight_Foundation2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerges2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreene1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGriffithWoo2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrosecloseMilyo2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrynbaum2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHale2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarry2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHawkins2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHopkins2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKassel2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKelly2008\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFKilpatrick2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLa_Monica2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLaura_Hazard2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLee2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLerbinger2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeung2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLiberman2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLieberman1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacDougall1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMangan2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCallum2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCullochTweedale2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcLaughlin2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeyers2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMitchell2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoreno2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMulliganMenn2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMycroft2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNaureckasRendall1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewswires2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNg2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNoonan2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNordhaus2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNuccitelli2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNuccitelli2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNze\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Brien2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOliver_Darcy2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOreskesConway2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPage1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPequent2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPompeo\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPowell2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPérez-Peña2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobertson2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenstockLee2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoush2020\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFRoush2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRutenberg2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaul\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScharff1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScribnerChapman2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShafer2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShafer2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2020\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSommer2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSonne2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStecklow2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStecklowPatrickPeersHiggins2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStulberg2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSupranOreskes2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTaubes1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Editorial_Board2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTofel2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrachtenberg2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTracy2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrex2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVardyOppenheimerDubashO\u0026#039;Reilly2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVernon2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWaldenCai2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWarren2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeaver2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeaverCarreyrou2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeisenthal2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWells2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWen\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWray2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYochai_BenklerRobert_FarisHal_Roberts2018\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"'\"] = 7,\n [\"'\\\"\"] = 2,\n [\"'s\"] = 12,\n [\"As of\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Bulleted list\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 14,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 13,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 72,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 95,\n [\"Cleanup\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Conservatism US\"] = 1,\n [\"Criticism section\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Wall Street Journal, The\"] = 1,\n [\"Doi\"] = 2,\n [\"Dow Jones\"] = 1,\n [\"Excerpt\"] = 1,\n [\"Frac\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb title\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox newspaper\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox website\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 3,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 5,\n [\"Official URL\"] = 1,\n [\"Official website\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"PulitzerPrize BreakingNews 2001–2025\"] = 1,\n [\"PulitzerPrize Explanatory Reporting\"] = 1,\n [\"PulitzerPrize International Reporting\"] = 1,\n [\"PulitzerPrize Investigative Reporting\"] = 1,\n [\"PulitzerPrize National Reporting\"] = 1,\n [\"PulitzerPrize PublicService 2001–2025\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Rp\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 45,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 2,\n [\"Start date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 2,\n [\"Ubl\"] = 2,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 8,\n [\"White House James S. Brady Press Briefing Room seating chart\"] = 1,\n [\"Who\"] = 2,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"nowrap\"] = \"yes\",\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"nowrap\"] = \"yes\",\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","320","19.5"],["?","280","17.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","120","7.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","100","6.1"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","80","4.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::preprocess","80","4.9"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","80","4.9"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","80","4.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","80","4.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","80","4.9"],["[others]","340","20.7"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ppdsc","timestamp":"20241124053355","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"The Wall Street Journal","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Wall_Street_Journal","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q164746","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q164746","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-01-23T03:28:09Z","dateModified":"2024-11-24T04:06:41Z","headline":"American business-focused daily newspaper"}</script><script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> </body> </html>