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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meaning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meaning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Meaning</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Meaning-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Meaning subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Meaning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Age_of_towns_scheme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Age_of_towns_scheme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Age of towns scheme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Age_of_towns_scheme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Neolithic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neolithic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Neolithic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neolithic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Roman era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_country" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_country"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>By country</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-By_country-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle By country subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-By_country-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Afghanistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afghanistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Afghanistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afghanistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Albania_and_Kosovo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albania_and_Kosovo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Albania and Kosovo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albania_and_Kosovo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Austria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Austria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Austria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Austria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brazil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brazil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Brazil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brazil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bulgaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bulgaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Bulgaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bulgaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Chile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czechia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czechia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Czechia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czechia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Denmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Estonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.14</span> <span>Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greece_and_Cyprus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greece_and_Cyprus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.15</span> <span>Greece and Cyprus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greece_and_Cyprus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hong_Kong" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hong_Kong"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16</span> <span>Hong Kong</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hong_Kong-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hungary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.17</span> <span>Hungary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iceland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iceland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.18</span> <span>Iceland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iceland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.19</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.20</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.21</span> <span>Iraq</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.22</span> <span>Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Planning_and_Development_Act_2000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planning_and_Development_Act_2000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.22.1</span> <span>Planning and Development Act 2000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planning_and_Development_Act_2000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_Statistics_Office_criteria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Statistics_Office_criteria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.22.2</span> <span>Central Statistics Office criteria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Statistics_Office_criteria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isle_of_Man" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isle_of_Man"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.23</span> <span>Isle of Man</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isle_of_Man-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.24</span> <span>Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.25</span> <span>Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.26</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.27</span> <span>Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latvia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latvia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.28</span> <span>Latvia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latvia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithuania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithuania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.29</span> <span>Lithuania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithuania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.30</span> <span>Malaysia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.31</span> <span>Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.32</span> <span>Norway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Norway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.33</span> <span>Philippines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.34</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.35</span> <span>Portugal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.36</span> <span>Romania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.37</span> <span>Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singapore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singapore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.38</span> <span>Singapore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singapore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.39</span> <span>South Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.40</span> <span>Spain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sweden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sweden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.41</span> <span>Sweden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sweden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.42</span> <span>Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.43</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-England_and_Wales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#England_and_Wales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.43.1</span> <span>England and Wales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-England_and_Wales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scotland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scotland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.43.2</span> <span>Scotland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scotland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alabama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alabama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.1</span> <span>Alabama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alabama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arizona" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arizona"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.2</span> <span>Arizona</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arizona-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-California" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#California"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.3</span> <span>California</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-California-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hawaii" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hawaii"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.4</span> <span>Hawaii</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hawaii-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illinois" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illinois"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.5</span> <span>Illinois</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illinois-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indiana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indiana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.6</span> <span>Indiana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indiana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Louisiana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Louisiana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.7</span> <span>Louisiana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Louisiana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maryland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maryland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.8</span> <span>Maryland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maryland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nevada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nevada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.9</span> <span>Nevada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nevada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_England" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_England"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.10</span> <span>New England</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_England-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Jersey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Jersey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.11</span> <span>New Jersey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Jersey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_York" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_York"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.12</span> <span>New York</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_York-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Carolina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Carolina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.13</span> <span>North Carolina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Carolina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oklahoma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oklahoma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.14</span> <span>Oklahoma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oklahoma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pennsylvania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pennsylvania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.15</span> <span>Pennsylvania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pennsylvania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Texas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Texas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.16</span> <span>Texas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Texas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.17</span> <span>Utah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Virginia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Virginia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.18</span> <span>Virginia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Virginia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Washington" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Washington"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.19</span> <span>Washington</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Washington-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wisconsin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wisconsin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.20</span> <span>Wisconsin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wisconsin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wyoming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wyoming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.44.21</span> <span>Wyoming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wyoming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.45</span> <span>Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Town</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 92 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleinstadt" title="Kleinstadt – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kleinstadt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="بلدة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa" title="Villa – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Villa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_(poblaci%C3%B3n)" title="Villa (población) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Villa (población)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C9%99s%C9%99b%C9%99" title="Qəsəbə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qəsəbə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="شهرک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شهرک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0" title="ছোট শহর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ছোট শহর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ACn" title="Tìn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tìn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мястэчка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мястэчка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мястэчка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мястэчка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE" title="कस्बा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कस्बा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banwaan" title="Banwaan – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Banwaan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Касаба – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Касаба" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%A1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="གྲོང་རྡལ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གྲོང་རྡལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vila" title="Vila – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vila" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungsod" title="Lungsod – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Lungsod" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarati" title="Jarati – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Jarati" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tref" title="Tref – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tref" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleinstadt" title="Kleinstadt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kleinstadt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Κωμόπολη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κωμόπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_(poblaci%C3%B3n)" title="Villa (población) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Villa (población)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urbeto_(urbo)" title="Urbeto (urbo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Urbeto (urbo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herri_(hiria)" title="Herri (hiria) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Herri (hiria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="شهرک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شهرک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town" title="Town – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Town" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourg" title="Bourg – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bourg" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baile" title="Baile – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Baile" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balley" title="Balley – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Balley" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baile" title="Baile – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Baile" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vila" title="Vila – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vila" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%84" title="마을 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마을" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="नगर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नगर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ama" title="Ama – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ama" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ili" title="Ili – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ili" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_kecil" title="Kota kecil – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kota kecil" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idolophu" title="Idolophu – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Idolophu" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isidlidli" title="Isidlidli – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isidlidli" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A6r" title="Bær – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bær" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cittadina" title="Cittadina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cittadina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94" title="עיירה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיירה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%A3" title="ಪಟ್ಟಣ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪಟ್ಟಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98" title="ქალაქი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქალაქი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tre" title="Tre – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tre" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mji" title="Mji – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajarok" title="Bajarok – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bajarok" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Oppidum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazpils%C4%93ta" title="Mazpilsēta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mazpilsēta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisv%C3%A1ros_(fogalom)" title="Kisváros (fogalom) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kisváros (fogalom)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Паланка – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Паланка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="പട്ടണം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പട്ടണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="ნოღა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნოღა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2_(%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF)" title="مركز (بلد) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مركز (بلد)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekan" title="Pekan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pekan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9C%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Суурин – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Суурин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town" title="Town – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Town" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="नगर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="नगर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%97" title="街 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="街" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ville" title="Ville – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Ville" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borg" title="Borg – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Borg" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0" title="ਨਗਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਗਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A8%DB%81" title="قصبہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قصبہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AB%DB%8C" title="ښارګی – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ښارګی" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vila" title="Vila – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vila" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ora%C8%99_mic" title="Oraș mic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Oraș mic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Мѣстечко – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мѣстечко" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Малый город – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Малый город" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toun" title="Toun – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Toun" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qyteza" title="Qyteza – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Qyteza" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paisi_(antropolugg%C3%ACa)" title="Paisi (antropoluggìa) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Paisi (antropoluggìa)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%85%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="සුළු නගරය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සුළු නගරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town" title="Town – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Town" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%88" title="قصبو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="قصبو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meste%C4%8Dko_(typ_obce)" title="Mestečko (typ obce) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mestečko (typ obce)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%86%DA%A9%DB%95" title="شارۆچکە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شارۆچکە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Варошица – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Варошица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradi%C4%87" title="Gradić – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gradić" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%A5stad" title="Småstad – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Småstad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan" title="Bayan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bayan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நகரம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நகரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%82" title="పట్టణం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పట్టణం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="เมือง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เมือง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasaba" title="Kasaba – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kasaba" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%A4her" title="Şäher – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şäher" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Містечко – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Містечко" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A8%DB%81" title="قصبہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قصبہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%8B_tr%E1%BA%A5n" title="Thị trấn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thị trấn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungt%C3%B3" title="Bungtó – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bungtó" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%87" title="镇 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="镇" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8E%AE" title="鎮 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鎮" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%84%89%E9%8E%AE" title="鄉鎮 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鄉鎮" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3957" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of human settlement</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Town_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Town (disambiguation)">Town (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Towns_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Towns (disambiguation)">Towns (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Small town" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Small_Town_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Small Town (disambiguation)">Small Town (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Town" title="Special:EditPage/Town">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Town" title="Talk:Town">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Town" title="Special:EditPage/Town">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Town%22">"Town"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Town%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Town%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Town%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Town%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Town%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:340px;max-width:340px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:253px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Mary%27s_Church,_Castle_Street_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Castle Street in the town venter of Reading" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Castle_Street_1.jpg/338px-St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Castle_Street_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="338" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Castle_Street_1.jpg/507px-St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Castle_Street_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Castle_Street_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:158px;max-width:158px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:103px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Porvoo_in_January.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Old Town of Porvoo in January" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Porvoo_in_January.jpg/156px-Porvoo_in_January.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Porvoo_in_January.jpg/234px-Porvoo_in_January.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Porvoo_in_January.jpg/312px-Porvoo_in_January.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:180px;max-width:180px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:103px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lemgo_-_Marktplatz_mit_Rathaus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Lemgo Town Hall at the market square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lemgo_-_Marktplatz_mit_Rathaus.jpg/178px-Lemgo_-_Marktplatz_mit_Rathaus.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lemgo_-_Marktplatz_mit_Rathaus.jpg/267px-Lemgo_-_Marktplatz_mit_Rathaus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lemgo_-_Marktplatz_mit_Rathaus.jpg/356px-Lemgo_-_Marktplatz_mit_Rathaus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3887" data-file-height="2260" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:106px;max-width:106px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:78px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Luftbild_Davos2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The alpine town of Davos in the Swiss Alps" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Luftbild_Davos2.jpg/104px-Luftbild_Davos2.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Luftbild_Davos2.jpg/156px-Luftbild_Davos2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Luftbild_Davos2.jpg/208px-Luftbild_Davos2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:106px;max-width:106px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:78px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_from_tower_of_church_st_michal_during_skalica_days.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="View from tower of St. Michal Church in Skalica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/View_from_tower_of_church_st_michal_during_skalica_days.JPG/104px-View_from_tower_of_church_st_michal_during_skalica_days.JPG" decoding="async" width="104" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/View_from_tower_of_church_st_michal_during_skalica_days.JPG/156px-View_from_tower_of_church_st_michal_during_skalica_days.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/View_from_tower_of_church_st_michal_during_skalica_days.JPG/208px-View_from_tower_of_church_st_michal_during_skalica_days.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:123px;max-width:123px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:78px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mecca1880s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The town of Mecca in the Arabian Peninsula, before its inflation, in 1880" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Mecca1880s.jpg/121px-Mecca1880s.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Mecca1880s.jpg/182px-Mecca1880s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Mecca1880s.jpg/242px-Mecca1880s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="897" data-file-height="580" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:176px;max-width:176px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fatima_0549_(19531851070).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Marian town of Fátima" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fatima_0549_%2819531851070%29.jpg/174px-Fatima_0549_%2819531851070%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fatima_0549_%2819531851070%29.jpg/261px-Fatima_0549_%2819531851070%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fatima_0549_%2819531851070%29.jpg/348px-Fatima_0549_%2819531851070%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1588" data-file-height="971" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:162px;max-width:162px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Viljandi,_Estonia_(7182836211).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The center of the inland town of Viljandi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Viljandi%2C_Estonia_%287182836211%29.jpg/160px-Viljandi%2C_Estonia_%287182836211%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Viljandi%2C_Estonia_%287182836211%29.jpg/240px-Viljandi%2C_Estonia_%287182836211%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Viljandi%2C_Estonia_%287182836211%29.jpg/320px-Viljandi%2C_Estonia_%287182836211%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><i>Left to right, from top:</i> <a href="/wiki/Reading,_Berkshire" title="Reading, Berkshire">Reading</a> in England, <a href="/wiki/Porvoo" title="Porvoo">Porvoo</a> in Finland, <a href="/wiki/Lemgo" title="Lemgo">Lemgo</a> in Germany, <a href="/wiki/Davos" title="Davos">Davos</a> in Switzerland, <a href="/wiki/Skalica" title="Skalica">Skalica</a> in Slovakia, <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> in Saudi Arabia (1880s), <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima,_Portugal" title="Fátima, Portugal">Fátima</a> in Portugal, <a href="/wiki/Viljandi" title="Viljandi">Viljandi</a> in Estonia</div></div></div></div> <p>A <b>town</b> is a type of a <a href="/wiki/Human_settlement" title="Human settlement">human settlement</a>. Towns are generally larger than <a href="/wiki/Village" title="Village">villages</a> and smaller than <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">cities</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word "town" shares an origin with the <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> word <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zaun</i></span>, the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> word <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">tuin</i></span>, and the <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> <span title="Old Norse-language text"><i lang="non">tún</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" title="Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a> word, *<i>tūnan</i>, is thought to be an early borrowing from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Celtic_language" title="Proto-Celtic language">Proto-Celtic</a> *<i>dūnom</i> (cf. <a href="/wiki/Old_Irish" title="Old Irish">Old Irish</a> <span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">dún</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a> <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">din</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-Town_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Town-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original sense of the word in both Germanic and Celtic was that of a fortress or an enclosure. Cognates of <i>town</i> in many modern Germanic languages designate a fence or a hedge.<sup id="cite_ref-Town_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Town-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In English and Dutch, the meaning of the word took on the sense of the space which these fences enclosed, and through which a track must run.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In England, a town was a small community that could not afford or was not allowed to build walls or other larger fortifications, and built a <a href="/wiki/Palisade" title="Palisade">palisade</a> or stockade instead.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Netherlands, this space was a garden, more specifically those of the wealthy, which had a high fence or a wall around them (like the garden of the palace of <a href="/wiki/Het_Loo_Palace" title="Het Loo Palace">Het Loo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Apeldoorn" title="Apeldoorn">Apeldoorn</a>, which was the model for the privy garden of <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mary_II_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary II of England">Mary II</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hampton_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Hampton Court">Hampton Court</a>). In Old Norse <span title="Old Norse-language text"><i lang="non">tún</i></span> means a (grassy) place between farmhouses, and the word is still used with a similar meaning in modern Norwegian. </p><p>Old English <span title="Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text"><i lang="ang">tūn</i></span> became a common place-name suffix in England and southeastern Scotland during the Anglo-Saxon settlement period. In <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> and Early and Middle <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a>, the words <i>ton</i>, <i>toun</i>, etc. could refer to diverse kinds of settlements from agricultural estates and holdings, partly picking up the Norse sense (as in the Scots word <span title="Scots-language text"><i lang="sco"><a href="/wiki/Fermtoun" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermtoun">fermtoun</a></i></span>) at one end of the scale, to fortified municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other common Anglo-Saxon suffixes included <i>ham</i> 'home', <i>stede</i> 'stead', and <i>burh</i> 'bury, borough, burgh'. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Toponymic" class="mw-redirect" title="Toponymic">toponymic</a> terminology, names of individual towns and cities are called <i>astyonyms</i> or <i>astionyms</i> (from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἄστυ</span></span> 'town, city', and <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὄνομα</span></span> 'name').<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoom199613_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoom199613-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meaning">Meaning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Meaning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some cases, <i>town</i> is an alternative name for "city" or "village" (especially a small city or large village; and occasionally even <a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">hamlets</a>). Sometimes, the word <i>town</i> is short for <i>township</i>. In general, today towns can be differentiated from townships, villages, or hamlets on the basis of their economic character, in that most of a town's population will tend to derive their living from manufacturing industry, <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commerce</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Public_service" title="Public service">public services</a> rather than <a href="/wiki/Primary_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary sector">primary sector</a> <a href="/wiki/Industry_(economics)" title="Industry (economics)">industries</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> or related activities. </p><p>A place's population size is not a reliable determinant of urban character. In many areas of the world, e.g. in India at least until recent times, a large village might contain several times as many people as a small town. In the United Kingdom, there are historical cities <a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_England_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of urban areas in England by population">that are far smaller</a> than the larger towns. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moisakula_-_panoramio_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Moisakula_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/220px-Moisakula_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Moisakula_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/330px-Moisakula_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Moisakula_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/440px-Moisakula_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3358" data-file-height="2081" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B5isak%C3%BCla" title="Mõisaküla">Mõisaküla</a> is a small town in the southern part of <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, just next to the border of <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>. The town's current population is less than 1,000 inhabitants.</figcaption></figure> <p>The modern phenomenon of extensive <a href="/wiki/Suburb" title="Suburb">suburban</a> growth, satellite urban development, and migration of city dwellers to villages has further complicated the definition of towns, creating communities urban in their economic and cultural characteristics but lacking other characteristics of urban localities. </p><p>Some forms of non-rural settlement, such as temporary <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a> locations, may be clearly non-rural, but have at best a questionable claim to be called a town. </p><p>Towns often exist as distinct governmental units, with legally defined borders and some or all of the appurtenances of local government (e.g. a <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a> force). In the United States these are referred to as "incorporated towns". In other cases the town lacks its own governance and is said to be "unincorporated". The existence of an unincorporated town may be legally set out by other means, e.g. zoning districts. In the case of some <a href="/wiki/Planned_community" title="Planned community">planned communities</a>, the town exists legally in the form of covenants on the properties within the town. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Census">United States Census</a> identifies many <a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">census-designated places</a> (CDPs) by the names of unincorporated towns which lie within them; however, those CDPs typically include rural and suburban areas and even surrounding villages and other towns. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Mariehamn,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg/220px-View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg/330px-View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg/440px-View_of_Mariehamn%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1109" data-file-height="611" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of <a href="/wiki/Mariehamn" title="Mariehamn">Mariehamn</a>, the town in <a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland</a> with over 10,000 inhabitants</figcaption></figure> <p>The distinction between a town and a city similarly depends on the approach: a city may strictly be an administrative entity which has been granted that designation by law, but in informal usage, the term is also used to denote an urban locality of a particular size or importance: whereas a <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">medieval</a> city may have possessed as few as 10,000 inhabitants, today some<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2014)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> consider an urban place of fewer than 100,000 as a town, even though there are many officially designated cities that are much smaller than that. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">193 countries</a> have been involved in a common effort to agree on a common statistical definition of the three categories: cities, towns and rural areas.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (September 2023)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (September 2023)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Age_of_towns_scheme">Age of towns scheme</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Age of towns scheme"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Australians" title="Australians">Australian</a> geographer <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Griffith_Taylor" title="Thomas Griffith Taylor">Thomas Griffith Taylor</a> proposed a classification of towns based on their age and pattern of <a href="/wiki/Land_use" title="Land use">land use</a>. He identified five types of towns:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Infantile towns</i>, with no clear <a href="/wiki/Zoning" title="Zoning">zoning</a></li> <li><i>Juvenile towns</i>, which have developed an area of <a href="/wiki/Retailing" class="mw-redirect" title="Retailing">shops</a></li> <li><i>Adolescent towns</i>, where <a href="/wiki/Factory" title="Factory">factories</a> have started to appear</li> <li><i>Early mature towns</i>, with a separate area of <a href="/wiki/Social_class" title="Social class">high-class</a> <a href="/wiki/House" title="House">housing</a></li> <li><i>Mature towns</i>, with defined <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">industrial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commercial</a> and various types of <a href="/wiki/Residential_area" title="Residential area">residential area</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quincy_Street_Historic_District_Hancock_100_block_N_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Quincy_Street_Historic_District_Hancock_100_block_N_2009.jpg/220px-Quincy_Street_Historic_District_Hancock_100_block_N_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Quincy_Street_Historic_District_Hancock_100_block_N_2009.jpg/330px-Quincy_Street_Historic_District_Hancock_100_block_N_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Quincy_Street_Historic_District_Hancock_100_block_N_2009.jpg/440px-Quincy_Street_Historic_District_Hancock_100_block_N_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3476" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>The city of <a href="/wiki/Hancock,_Michigan" title="Hancock, Michigan">Hancock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> along Quincy Street</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Through different periods of recorded history, many towns have grown into sizeable settlements, with the development of properties, centres of culture, and specialized economies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neolithic">Neolithic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Neolithic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%C3%87atalh%C3%B6y%C3%BCk" title="Çatalhöyük">Çatalhöyük</a>, currently an archaeological site, was considered to be the oldest inhabited town, or <a href="/wiki/Proto-city" title="Proto-city">proto-city</a>, that existed from around 7500 BC. Inscribed as a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>, it remains a depopulated town with a complex of ruins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_era">Roman era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Roman era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Roman_villa" title="Roman villa">Roman villa</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Town" title="Special:EditPage/Town">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman times</a>, a villa was a rural settlement formed by a main residential building and another series of secondary buildings. It constituted the center from which an agricultural holding was administered. Subsequently, it lost its agricultural functions and reduced its activity to residential.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> With the consolidation of large estates during the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, the town became the center of large farms.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A distinction was created between rustic and urban settlements: </p> <ul><li>Rustic villas, from where the exploitation of resources was directed, slave workers resided, livestock were kept and production was stored.</li> <li>Urban villas, in which the <a href="/wiki/Lord" title="Lord">lord</a> resided and which increasingly adopted the architectural and beautification forms typical of urban mansions. When from the first century the great territorial property was divided between the area directly exploited by the lord and that ceded to tenant settlers, urban villas became the centers of the administrative power of the lords,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> appearing the forms of vassalage typical of feudalism of the fourth century.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_country">By country</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: By country"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Afghanistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Afghanistan" title="List of cities in Afghanistan">List of cities in Afghanistan</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, a <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Afghanistan" title="List of cities in Afghanistan">city</a> and a town are both referred to as <i>shār</i> (<a href="/wiki/Dari_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dari language">Dari</a>: <span lang="prs" dir="rtl">شهر</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto</a>: <span lang="ps" dir="rtl">ښار</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> of each of its 34 <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Afghanistan" title="Provinces of Afghanistan">provinces</a> may include a major city such as <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> whose population is over five million people or a town such as <a href="/wiki/Parun" title="Parun">Parun</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Nuristan_Province" title="Nuristan Province">Nuristan Province</a>, whose population is less 20,000 people. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albania_and_Kosovo">Albania and Kosovo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Albania and Kosovo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">qytezë</i></span> means 'town', which is very similar to the word for city (<span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">qytet</i></span>), although there is no official use of the term for any settlement. In <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a> <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">qytezë</i></span> means 'small city' or 'new city', while in ancient times it referred to a small residential center within the walls of a castle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Australia, most rural and regional centres of population can be called towns; many small towns have populations of less than 200.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The smallest may be described as townships. </p><p>In addition, some local government entities are officially styled as towns in <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a>, and formerly also (till the 1990s) in <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Austria">Austria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Austria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Austria" title="List of cities and towns in Austria">List of cities and towns in Austria</a></div> <p>The Austrian legal system does not distinguish between villages, towns, and cities. The country is partitioned into 2098 municipalities (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Gemeinden</i>) of fundamentally equal rank. Larger municipalities are designated as market towns (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Marktgemeinden</i>) or cities (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Städte</i></span>), but these distinctions are purely symbolic and do not confer additional legal responsibilities. There is a number of smaller communities that are labelled cities because they used to be regional population centers in the distant past. The city of <a href="/wiki/Rattenberg" title="Rattenberg">Rattenberg</a> for example has about 400 inhabitants. The city of <a href="/wiki/Hardegg" title="Hardegg">Hardegg</a> has about 1200 inhabitants. </p><p>There are no unincorporated areas. </p><p>Of the 201 cities in Austria, 15 are <a href="/wiki/Statutory_city_(Austria)" title="Statutory city (Austria)">statutory cities</a> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Statutarstädte</i></span>). A statutory city is a city that is vested, in addition to its purview as a municipality, with the duties of a <a href="/wiki/District_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="District (Austria)">district administrative authority</a>. The status does not come with any additional autonomy: district administrative authorities are essentially just service centers that citizens use to interact with the national government, for example to apply for driver licenses or passports. The national government generally uses the provinces to run these points of contact on its behalf; in the case of statutory cities, the municipality gets to step up. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazil">Brazil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Brazil, since 1938, it was defined that the seat of the municipalities would pass to the category of city and give it the name and the districts would be designated by the name of their respective seats, and if they were not municipal seats, they would have the category of village. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bulgaria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bulgaria" title="List of cities and towns in Bulgaria">List of cities and towns in Bulgaria</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peshtera--downtown.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Peshtera--downtown.jpg/220px-Peshtera--downtown.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Peshtera--downtown.jpg/330px-Peshtera--downtown.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Peshtera--downtown.jpg/440px-Peshtera--downtown.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>The town of <a href="/wiki/Peshtera" title="Peshtera">Peshtera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Bulgarians do not, in general, differentiate between 'city' and 'town'. However, in everyday language and media the terms "large towns" and "small towns" are in use. "Large towns" usually refers to <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burgas" title="Burgas">Burgas</a>, which have population over 200,000. <a href="/wiki/Ruse,_Bulgaria" title="Ruse, Bulgaria">Ruse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stara_Zagora" title="Stara Zagora">Stara Zagora</a> are often included as well due to presence of relatively developed infrastructure and population over 100,000 threshold. It is difficult to call the remaining <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Bulgaria" title="Provinces of Bulgaria">provincial capitals</a> "large towns" as, in general, they are less developed and have shrinking population, some with as few as 30,000 inhabitants. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Ministers of Bulgaria">Council of Ministers</a> defines what constitutes a settlement, while the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">President of Bulgaria</a> grants each settlement its title. In 2005 the requirement that villages that wish to classify themselves as town must have a social and technical infrastructure, as well as a population of no fewer than 3500 people. For resort settlements the requirements are lower with the population needing to be no fewer than 1000 people but infrastructure requirements remain. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Canada" title="List of towns in Canada">List of towns in Canada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipal_government_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal government in Canada">Municipal government in Canada</a></div> <p>The legal definition of a town in Canada varies by <a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">province or territory</a>, as each has jurisdiction over defining and legislating towns, cities and other types of municipal organization within its own boundaries. </p><p>The province of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> is unique in that it makes no distinction under law between towns and cities. There is no intermediate level in French between <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">village</i></span> and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">ville</i></span> (<i>municipality</i> is an administrative term usually applied to a legal, not geographical entity), so both are combined under the single legal status of <i><a href="/wiki/Ville" title="Ville">ville</a></i>. While an informal preference may exist among English speakers as to whether any individual <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">ville</i></span> is commonly referred to as a city or as a town, no distinction and no objective legal criteria exist to make such a distinction under law. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> allows municipalities to select whichever administrative term they like with no legal distinction existing between towns, townships, cities, and villages.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead all municipalities, with the exception of Toronto and Ottawa, fall into one of three legal categories under the Municipalities Act: Single-tier (I.e. towns that are located within a region or county but that are considered separate for municipal purposes such as <a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a>), lower-tier (i.e. municipalities that are part of a region or county such as <a href="/wiki/St._Catharines" title="St. Catharines">St. Catharines</a>), or upper-tier (i.e. regional municipalities such as <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Niagara" title="Regional Municipality of Niagara">Niagara</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accordingly, many larger municipalities continue to use the title of town due to it better reflecting the character of the municipality. For example, <a href="/wiki/Oakville,_Ontario" title="Oakville, Ontario">Oakville</a> (2021 Population: 213,759) is the largest municipality to use the title of town to reflect its largely suburban character while other municipalities such as <a href="/wiki/Richmond_Hill,_Ontario" title="Richmond Hill, Ontario">Richmond Hill</a> (2021 Population: 202,022) have opted to change their status from "town" to "city" to encourage investment.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chile">Chile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Chile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, towns (Spanish: <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">pueblos</i></span>) are defined by the National Statistics Institute (INE) as an urban entity with a population from 2001 to 5000 or an area with a population from 1001 to 2000 and an established economic activity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Czechia">Czechia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Czechia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Obec" title="Obec">Obec</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic">List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czechia</a>, a municipality can obtain the title of a <a href="/wiki/Statutory_city_(Czech_Republic)" title="Statutory city (Czech Republic)">city</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>: <i lang="cs">statutární město</i>), town (<a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>: <i lang="cs">město</i>) or <a href="/wiki/M%C4%9Bstys" title="Městys">market town</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>: <i lang="cs">městys</i>). The title is granted by law. </p><p>Statutory cities (in English usually called just "cities"), which are defined by law no. 128/2000 Coll.,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> can define their own self-governing municipal districts. There are 26 such cities, in addition to <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, which is a <i>de facto</i> statutory city. All the Czech municipalities with more than 40,000 inhabitants are cities. </p><p>Town and market town are above all ceremonious honorary degrees, referring to population, history and regional significance of a municipality. <a href="/wiki/Obec#Statistics" title="Obec">As the statistics of Czech municipalities</a> shows, towns usually have between 1,000 and 35,000 inhabitants, with median around 4,000 and average around 6,500. Nowadays a municipality must have at least 3,000 inhabitants to have the right to request the town title. Market towns usually have between 500 and 4,000 inhabitants, with median and average both around 1,000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denmark">Denmark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Denmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Denmark, in many contexts no distinction is made between "city", "town" and "village"; all three translate as <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">by</i></span>. In more specific use, for small villages and <a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">hamlets</a> the word <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">landsby</i></span> (meaning 'country town') is used, while the Danish equivalent of English <i>city</i> is <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">storby</i></span> (meaning 'large town'). For formal purposes, <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban areas</a> having at least 200 inhabitants are considered <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">by</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically some towns held various privileges, the most important of which was the right to hold market. They were administered separately from the rural areas in both fiscal, military and legal matters. Such towns are known as <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">købstad</i></span> (roughly the same meaning as <i>borough</i> albeit deriving from a different etymology) and they retain the exclusive right to the title even after the last vestiges of their privileges vanished through the reform of the local administration carried through in 1970. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estonia">Estonia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Estonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, there is no distinction between a town and a city as the word <span title="Estonian-language text"><i lang="et">linn</i></span> is used for both bigger and smaller settlements, which are bigger than villages and boroughs. There are 30 <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Estonia" title="Municipalities of Estonia">municipal towns</a> (<span title="Estonian-language text"><i lang="et">omavalitsuslik linn</i></span>) in Estonia and a <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Estonia" title="List of cities and towns in Estonia">further 17 towns</a>, which have merged with a municipal parish (<span title="Estonian-language text"><i lang="et">vallasisene linn</i></span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finland">Finland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vammala,_Onkiniemenkatu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Vammala%2C_Onkiniemenkatu.jpg/220px-Vammala%2C_Onkiniemenkatu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Vammala%2C_Onkiniemenkatu.jpg/330px-Vammala%2C_Onkiniemenkatu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Vammala%2C_Onkiniemenkatu.jpg/440px-Vammala%2C_Onkiniemenkatu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The town of <a href="/wiki/Sastamala" title="Sastamala">Sastamala</a>, Finland</figcaption></figure> <p>In Finland, there is no distinction between a town and a city as the word <span title="Finnish-language text"><i lang="fi">kaupunki</i></span> is used for both bigger and smaller settlements, which are bigger than villages and boroughs; although when talking about the word <i>town</i>, the word <span title="Finnish-language text"><i lang="fi">pikkukaupunki</i></span> is used (<span title="Finnish-language text"><i lang="fi">pikku</i></span> means 'little' or 'small'). There are over one hundred <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Finland" title="Municipalities of Finland">municipal towns</a> in Finland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salins_les_Bains_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Salins_les_Bains_2.JPG/220px-Salins_les_Bains_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Salins_les_Bains_2.JPG/330px-Salins_les_Bains_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Salins_les_Bains_2.JPG/440px-Salins_les_Bains_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The town of <a href="/wiki/Salins-les-Bains" title="Salins-les-Bains">Salins-les-Bains</a>, France</figcaption></figure> <p>From an administrative standpoint, the smallest level of local authorities are all called <a href="/wiki/Communes_of_France" title="Communes of France"><i>communes</i></a>. They can have anywhere from a handful to millions of inhabitants, and France has 36,000 of them. The French term for <i>town</i> is <i><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourg" class="extiw" title="fr:Bourg">bourg</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but French laws generally do not distinguish between towns and cities which are all commonly called <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">villes</i></span>. However, some laws do treat these authorities differently based on the population and different rules apply to the three big cities <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>. For historical reasons, <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_villages_destroyed_in_World_War_I" title="List of French villages destroyed in World War I">six communes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Meuse_(department)" title="Meuse (department)">Meuse</a> département exist as independent administrative entities despite having no inhabitants at all. </p><p>For statistical purposes, the national statistical institute (<a href="/wiki/INSEE" class="mw-redirect" title="INSEE">INSEE</a>) operates a distinction between urban areas with fewer than 2,000 inhabitants and bigger communes, the latter being called <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">villes</i></span>. Smaller settlements are usually called <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">villages</i></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Germany" title="List of cities and towns in Germany">List of cities and towns in Germany</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Großstadt" redirects here. For the painting, see <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_(Dix)" title="Metropolis (Dix)"><i>Metropolis</i> (Dix)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Putbus_(2011-05-21)_14.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Putbus_%282011-05-21%29_14.JPG/220px-Putbus_%282011-05-21%29_14.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Putbus_%282011-05-21%29_14.JPG/330px-Putbus_%282011-05-21%29_14.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Putbus_%282011-05-21%29_14.JPG/440px-Putbus_%282011-05-21%29_14.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Putbus" title="Putbus">Putbus</a> on <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCgen" title="Rügen">Rügen Island</a>, Germany</figcaption></figure> <p>Germans do not, in general, differentiate between 'city' and 'town'. The German word for both is <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Stadt</i></span>, as it is the case in many other languages that do not differentiate between these concepts. The word for a 'village', as a smaller settlement, is <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Dorf</i></span>. However, the International Statistics Conference of 1887 defined different sizes of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Stadt</i></span>, based on their population size, as follows: <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Landstadt</i></span> ('country town'; under 5,000), <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kleinstadt</i></span> ('small town'; 5,000 to 20,000), <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Mittelstadt</i></span> ('middle town'; between 20,000 and 100,000) and <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Großstadt</i></span> ("large town"; 100,000 to 1,000,000).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Großstadt</i></span> may be translated as 'city'. In addition, Germans may speak of a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Millionenstadt</i></span>, a city with anywhere between one and five million inhabitants (such as <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>). Also, a city with more than five million inhabitants is often referred to as a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Megastadt</i></span> (commonly translated as <a href="/wiki/Megacity" title="Megacity">megacity</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically, many settlements became a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Stadt</i></span> by being awarded a <a href="/wiki/Town_privileges" title="Town privileges"><i>Stadtrecht</i></a> in medieval times. In modern German language use, the historical importance, the existence of central functions (education, retail etc.) and the population density of an urban place might also be taken as characteristics of a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Stadt</i></span>. The modern local government organisation is subject to the laws of each <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">state</a> and refers to a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Gemeinde</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany#Municipalities_(Gemeinden)" title="States of Germany">municipality</a>), regardless of its historic title. While most <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Gemeinden</i></span> form part of a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Landkreis</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany#Administrative_districts_(Kreise)" title="States of Germany">district</a>) on a higher tier of local government, larger towns and cities may have the status of a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">kreisfreie Stadt</i></span>, combining both the powers of a municipality and a district. </p><p>Designations in different states are as diverse as e.g. in Australian States and Territories, and differ from state to state. In some German states, the words <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Markt</i></span> ('market'), <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Marktflecken</i></span> (both used in southern Germany) or <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Flecken</i></span> ('spot'; northern Germany e.g. in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a>) designate a town-like residential community between <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Gemeinde</i></span> and <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Stadt</i></span> with special importance to its outer conurbation area. Historically those had <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Marktrecht</i></span> (market right) but not full town privileges; see <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">Market town</a>. The legal denomination of a specific settlement may differ from its common designation (e.g. <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Samtgemeinde</i></span> – a legal term in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a> for a group of villages [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Dorf</i></span>, pl. <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Dörfer</i></span>] with common local government created by combining municipalities [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Gemeinde</i></span>, pl. <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Gemeinden</i></span>]). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greece_and_Cyprus">Greece and Cyprus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Greece and Cyprus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In ordinary speech, <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> use the word <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">χωριό</span></span> ('village') to refer to smaller settlements and the word <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">πόλη</span></span> or <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">πολιτεία</span></span> ('city') to refer to larger ones. Careful speakers may also use the word <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">κωμόπολη</span></span> to refer to towns with a population of 2,000–9,999. In Greek administrative law there used to be a distinction between <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">δήμοι</span></span>, i.e. municipalities with more than 10,000 inhabitants or considered important for some other geographical (county seats), historical or ecclesiastical (bishops' seats) reason, and κοινότητες, referring to smaller self-governing units, mostly villages. A sweeping reform, carried out in two stages early in the 21st century, merged most <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">κοινότητες</span></span> with the nearest <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">δήμοι</span></span>, dividing the whole country into 325 self-governing <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">δήμοι</span></span>. The former municipalities survive as administrative subdivisions (<span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">δημοτικά διαμερίσματα</span></span>, <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">δημοτικές ενότητες</span></span>). </p><p>Cyprus, including the Turkish-occupied areas, is also divided into 39 <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">δήμοι</span></span> (in principle, with at least 5,000 inhabitants, though there are exceptions) and 576 <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">κοινότητες</span></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hong_Kong">Hong Kong</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Hong Kong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Hong_Kong#Towns" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in Hong Kong">List of cities and towns in Hong Kong</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ShatinTownHall_20070529.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/ShatinTownHall_20070529.jpg/220px-ShatinTownHall_20070529.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/ShatinTownHall_20070529.jpg/330px-ShatinTownHall_20070529.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/ShatinTownHall_20070529.jpg/440px-ShatinTownHall_20070529.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Nearly every town in Hong Kong has its own town hall. The picture shows the <a href="/wiki/Sha_Tin_Town_Hall" title="Sha Tin Town Hall">Sha Tin Town Hall</a> in the town of <a href="/wiki/Sha_Tin" title="Sha Tin">Sha Tin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> started developing new towns in the 1950s, to accommodate exponential population increase. The first new towns included <a href="/wiki/Tsuen_Wan_New_Town" title="Tsuen Wan New Town">Tsuen Wan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kwun_Tong" title="Kwun Tong">Kwun Tong</a>. In the late 1960s and the 1970s, another stage of new town developments was launched. Nine new towns have been developed so far. Land use is carefully planned and development provides plenty of room for public housing projects. Rail transport is usually available at a later stage. The first towns are <a href="/wiki/Sha_Tin_New_Town" title="Sha Tin New Town">Sha Tin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsuen_Wan_New_Town" title="Tsuen Wan New Town">Tsuen Wan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun_New_Town" title="Tuen Mun New Town">Tuen Mun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tseung_Kwan_O" title="Tseung Kwan O">Tseung Kwan O</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun_New_Town" title="Tuen Mun New Town">Tuen Mun</a> was intended to be self-reliant, but was not successful and turned into a <a href="/wiki/Bedroom_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Bedroom community">bedroom community</a> like the other new towns. More recent developments are <a href="/wiki/Tin_Shui_Wai_New_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Tin Shui Wai New Town">Tin Shui Wai</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Lantau_New_Town" title="North Lantau New Town">North Lantau (Tung Chung-Tai Ho)</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungary">Hungary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Hungary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Hungary there is no official distinction between a city and a town (the word for both in Hungarian is <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">város</i></span>). Nevertheless, the expressions formed by adding the adjectives <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">kis</i></span> ('small') and <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">nagy</i></span> ('large') to the beginning of the root word (e.g. <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">nagyváros</i></span>) have been normalized to differentiate between cities and towns (towns being smaller, therefore bearing the name <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">kisváros</i></span>.) In Hungary, a village can gain the status of <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">város</i></span> ('town'), if it meets a set of diverse conditions for quality of life and development of certain public services and utilities (e.g. having a local secondary school or installing full-area sewage collection pipe network). Every year the Minister of Internal Affairs selects candidates from a committee-screened list of applicants, whom the President of Republic usually affirms by issuing a bill of town's rank to them. Since being a town carries extra fiscal support from the government, many relatively small villages try to win the status of <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">városi rang</i></span> ('town rank') nowadays. </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/End_of_communism_in_Hungary" title="End of communism in Hungary">fall of communism</a> in 1990, Hungarian villages with fewer than 10,000 residents were not allowed to become towns. Recently some settlements as small as 2,500 souls have received the rank of town (e.g. Visegrád, Zalakaros or Gönc) and meeting the conditions of development is often disregarded to quickly elevate larger villages into towns. As of middle 2013, there are 346 towns in Hungary, encompassing some 69% of the entire population. </p><p>Towns of more than 50,000 people are able to gain the status of <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">megyei jogú város</i></span> (town with the rights of a <a href="/wiki/County" title="County">county</a>), which allows them to maintain a higher degree of <a href="/wiki/Public_service" title="Public service">services</a>. (There are a few exceptions, when towns of fewer than 50,000 people gained the status: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89rd" title="Érd">Érd</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B3dmez%C5%91v%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely" title="Hódmezővásárhely">Hódmezővásárhely</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salg%C3%B3tarj%C3%A1n" title="Salgótarján">Salgótarján</a> and <a href="/wiki/Szeksz%C3%A1rd" title="Szekszárd">Szekszárd</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of middle 2013, there are only 23 such towns in Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iceland">Iceland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Iceland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in Iceland">List of cities and towns in Iceland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_street_in_H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/A_street_in_H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk.jpg/220px-A_street_in_H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/A_street_in_H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk.jpg/330px-A_street_in_H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/A_street_in_H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk.jpg/440px-A_street_in_H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption>Town of <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BAsav%C3%ADk" title="Húsavík">Húsavík</a> in Iceland</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:One_of_the_high_streets_in_Paravur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/One_of_the_high_streets_in_Paravur.jpg/220px-One_of_the_high_streets_in_Paravur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/One_of_the_high_streets_in_Paravur.jpg/330px-One_of_the_high_streets_in_Paravur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/One_of_the_high_streets_in_Paravur.jpg/440px-One_of_the_high_streets_in_Paravur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A street in <a href="/wiki/Paravur,_Kollam" title="Paravur, Kollam">Paravur</a> town, India</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2011_Census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Census of India">2011 Census of India</a> defines towns of two types: statutory town and <a href="/wiki/Census_town" title="Census town">census town</a>. Statutory town is defined as all places with a <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cantonment_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonment Board">cantonment board</a> or notified town area committee. Census towns are defined as places that satisfy the following criteria: </p> <ol><li>Minimum population of 5,000</li> <li>At least 75% of male working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits</li> <li>Density of population at least 400/km<sup>2</sup>. (1,000 per sq. mile).</li></ol> <p>All the statutory towns, census towns and <a href="/wiki/Out_growth" title="Out growth">out growths</a> are considered as urban settlements, as opposed to rural areas.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Towns in India usually have basic infrastructure like shops, electricity, bituminised roads, <a href="/wiki/Post_offices" class="mw-redirect" title="Post offices">post offices</a>, banks, telephone facilities, high schools and sometimes a few government offices. The human population living in these towns may be a few thousand. There are some towns which can be labelled as Main road town. </p><p>In state of <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, towns are known as <span title="Kannada-language text"><i lang="kn-Latn">Pete</i></span> or <span title="Kannada-language text"><i lang="kn-Latn">Pura</i></span> in the <a href="/wiki/Kannada_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kannada language">Kannada language</a>. Sometimes the terms <span title="Kannada-language text"><i lang="kn-Latn">pattana</i></span> ('city') or <span title="Kannada-language text"><i lang="kn-Latn">ooru</i></span>, which generally means 'place', are used for towns. The administrative council which governs these towns is known as <span title="Kannada-language text"><i lang="kn-Latn">Pura Sabhe</i></span> or <span title="Kannada-language text"><i lang="kn-Latn">Nagara Sabhe</i></span> in Kannada depending on the number of people living within the town's boundaries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Iran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In contemporary <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> texts, no distinction is made between <i>city</i> and <i>town</i>; both translate as <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Shahr</i></span> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">شهر</span></span>). In older Persian texts (until the first half of the 20th century), the Arabic word <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar">Qasabeh</i></span> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">قصبه</span></span>) was used for a town. However, in the past 50 years,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2022)">as of?</span></a></i>]</sup> this word has become obsolete. </p><p>There is a word in Persian which is used for special sort of satellite townships and city neighborhoods. It is <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa">Shahrak</i></span> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">شهرک</span></span>), (lit.: 'small city'). Another smaller type of town or <a href="/wiki/Neighborhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhood">neighborhood</a> in a big city is called <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Kuy</i></span> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">کوی</span></span>). <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Shahrak</i></span> and <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Kuy</i></span> each have different legal definitions. Large cities such as <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabriz</a>, etc. which have millions inhabitants are referred to as <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Kalan-shahr</i></span> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">کلان‌شهر</span></span>), <a href="/wiki/Metropole" title="Metropole">metropole</a>. </p><p>The pace in which different large villages have gained city status in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> shows a dramatic increase in the last two decades. </p><p>Bigger cities and towns usually are centers of a <a href="/wiki/Township" title="Township">township</a> (in Persian: <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Shahrestan</i></span> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">شهرستان</span></span>). <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Shahrestan</i></span> itself is a subdivision of <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">Ostan</i></span> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">استان</span></span>), 'province'. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq">Iraq</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Iraq"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jarayeh</i></span> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جرَية</span></span>) is used to describe villages, the word <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar-Latn">Garmat</i></span> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">كَرمة</span></span>) to describe towns, and the word <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar-Latn">Wilaya</i></span> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ولاية</span></span>) to describe cities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ireland">Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_populated_places_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of populated places in the Republic of Ireland">List of populated places in the Republic of Ireland</a></div> <p>The <b>Local Government act 2001</b> provides that from 1 January 2002 (section 10 subsection (3)): </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Within the county in which they are situated and of which they form part, there continue to be such other local government areas as are set out in Schedule 6 which –<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style></p><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em">(a) in the case of the areas set out in Chapter 1 of Part 1 of that Schedule, shall be known as boroughs, and</li><li style="margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em">(b) in the case of the areas set out in Chapter 2 of Part 1 and Part 2 of that Schedule,</li></ul></div><p> shall be known as towns, and in this Act a reference to a town shall include a reference to a borough.</p></blockquote> <p>These provisions affect the replacement of the boroughs, towns and urban districts which existed before then. Similar reforms in the nomenclature of local authorities (but not their functions) are affected by section 11 part 17 of the act includes provision (section 185(2)) </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Qualified electors of a town having a population of at least 7,500 as ascertained at the last preceding census or such other figure as the Minister may from time to time prescribe by regulations, and not having a <a href="/wiki/Town_council" title="Town council">town council</a>, may make a proposal in accordance with paragraph (b) for the establishment of such a council</p></blockquote> <p>and contains provisions enabling the establishment of new town councils and provisions enabling the dissolution of existing or new town councils in certain circumstances </p><p>The reference to "town having a population of at least 7,500 as ascertained at the last preceding census" hands much of the power relating to defining what is in fact a town over to the Central Statistics Office and their criteria are published as part of each census. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Planning_and_Development_Act_2000">Planning and Development Act 2000</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Planning and Development Act 2000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another reference to the Census and its role in determining what is or is not a town for some administrative purpose is in the Planning and Development act 2000 (part II chapter I which provides for Local area plans): </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>A local area plan shall be made in respect of an area which—<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"></p><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em">(i) is designated as a town in the most recent census of population, other than a town designated as a suburb or environs in that census,</li><li style="margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em">(ii) has a population in excess of 2,000, and</li><li style="margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em">(iii) is situated within the functional area of a planning authority which is a county council.</li></ul></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_Statistics_Office_criteria">Central Statistics Office criteria</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Central Statistics Office criteria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These are set out in full at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/census/documents/census_2006_Appendices.pdf">2006 Census Appendices</a>. </p><p>In short they speak of "towns with legally defined boundaries" (i.e. those established by the Local Government Act 2001) and the remaining 664 as "census towns", defined by themselves since 1971 as "a cluster of 50 or more occupied dwellings in which within a distance of 800 meters there is a nucleus of 30 occupied houses on both sides of the road or twenty occupied <a href="/wiki/House" title="House">Houses</a> on one side of the road". There is also a "200 meter criterion" for determining whether a house is part of a census town. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isle_of_Man">Isle of Man</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Isle of Man"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are four settlements which are historically and officially designated as towns (Douglas, Ramsey, Peel, Castletown); however </p> <ul><li>Peel is also sometimes referred to as a city by virtue of its cathedral.</li> <li>Onchan and Port Erin are both larger in population than the smallest "town", having expanded in modern times, but are designated as villages.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israel">Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Modern_Hebrew" title="Modern Hebrew">Modern Hebrew</a> does provide a word for the concept of a town: <span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he-Latn">Ayara</i></span> (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">עיירה</span></span>), derived from <span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he-Latn">Ir</i></span> (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">עיר</span></span>), the biblical word for 'city'. However, the term <span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he-Latn">ayara</i></span> is normally used only to describe towns in foreign countries, i.e. urban areas of limited population, particularly when the speaker is attempting to evoke nostalgic or romantic attitudes. The term is also used to describe a <a href="/wiki/Shtetl" title="Shtetl">Shtetl</a>, a pre-<a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">Holocaust</a> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern European</a> Jewish town. </p><p>Within Israel, established urban areas are always referred to as cities (with one notable exception explained below) regardless of their actual size. Israeli law does not define any nomenclature for distinction between urban areas based on size or any other factor – meaning that all urban settlements in Israel are legally referred to as "cities". </p><p>The exception to the above is the term <span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he-Latn">Ayeret Pituakh</i></span> (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">עיירת פיתוח</span></span>, lit. 'Development Town') which is applied to certain cities in Israel based on the reasons for their establishment. These cities, created during the earlier decades of Israeli independence (1950s and 1960s, generally), were designed primarily to serve as commercial and transportation hubs, connecting smaller agricultural settlements in the northern and southern regions of the country (the "Periphery") to the major urban areas of the coastal and central regions. Some of these development towns have since grown to a comparatively large size, and yet are still referred to as development towns, particularly when the speaker wishes to emphasize their (often low) socio-economic status. Nonetheless, they are rarely (if ever) referred to simply as towns; when referring to one directly, it will be called either a development town or a city, depending on context. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy">Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Satriano_di_Lucania_centro.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Satriano_di_Lucania_centro.JPG/220px-Satriano_di_Lucania_centro.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Satriano_di_Lucania_centro.JPG/330px-Satriano_di_Lucania_centro.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Satriano_di_Lucania_centro.JPG/440px-Satriano_di_Lucania_centro.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Satriano_di_Lucania" title="Satriano di Lucania">Satriano di Lucania</a>, a town in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melandro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melandro (page does not exist)">Melandro Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basilicata" title="Basilicata">Basilicata</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Italy" title="South Italy">South Italy</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Although Italian provides different words for city (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">città</i></span>), town (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">cittadina or paese</i></span>) and village (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">villaggio</i></span>, old-fashioned, or <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Frazione" title="Frazione">frazione</a></i></span>, most common), no legal definitions exist as to how settlements must be classified. Administratively, both towns and cities are ruled as <a href="/wiki/Comuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Comuni">comuni</a>/<a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">comunes</a>, while villages might be subdivisions of the former. Generally, in everyday speech, a town is larger or more populated than a village and smaller than a city. Various cities and towns together may form a metropolitan area (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">area metropolitana</i></span>). A city can also be a culturally, economically, or politically prominent community with respect to surrounding towns. Moreover, a city can be such by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">Presidential</a> decree. A town, in contrast, can be an inhabited place which would elsewhere be styled a city, but has not received any official recognition. Remarkable exceptions do exist: for instance, <a href="/wiki/Bassano_del_Grappa" title="Bassano del Grappa">Bassano del Grappa</a>, was given the status of <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">città</i></span> in 1760 by <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Loredan" title="Francesco Loredan">Francesco Loredan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Doge_(title)" title="Doge (title)">dogal</a> decree and has since then carried this title. Also, the Italian word for 'town' (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">paese</i></span> with lowercase P) must not be confused with the Italian word for 'country/nation' (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Paese</i></span> usually with uppercase P). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Japan city status (市 <i><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_Japan" title="Cities of Japan">shi</a></i>) was traditionally reserved for only a few particularly large settlements. Over time however the necessary conditions to be a city have been watered down and today the only loose rules that apply are having a population over 50,000 and over 60% of the population in a "city centre". In recent times many small villages and towns have merged in order to form a city despite seeming geographically to be just a collection of villages. </p><p>The distinction between towns (町 <i><a href="/wiki/Towns_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Towns of Japan">machi/chō</a></i>) and villages (村 <i><a href="/wiki/Villages_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages of Japan">mura/son</a></i>) is largely unwritten and purely one of population size when the settlement was founded with villages having under 10,000 and towns 10,000–50,000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Korea">Korea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Eup_(administrative_division)" title="Eup (administrative division)">Eup (administrative division)</a></div> <p>In both of South Korea and North Korea, towns are called <i><a href="/wiki/Eup_(administrative_division)" title="Eup (administrative division)">eup</a></i> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">읍</span></span>). Most cities in North Korea are built around a central square. Perhaps it is to symbolize the importance of the society over the individual, or just a handy place for mass gatherings and celebrations.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latvia">Latvia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Latvia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Valka,_Semin%C4%81ra_iela_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Valka%2C_Semin%C4%81ra_iela_%281%29.JPG/220px-Valka%2C_Semin%C4%81ra_iela_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Valka%2C_Semin%C4%81ra_iela_%281%29.JPG/330px-Valka%2C_Semin%C4%81ra_iela_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Valka%2C_Semin%C4%81ra_iela_%281%29.JPG/440px-Valka%2C_Semin%C4%81ra_iela_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The town of <a href="/wiki/Valka" title="Valka">Valka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, towns and cities are indiscriminately called <span title="Latvian-language text"><i lang="lv">pilsēta</i></span> in singular form. The name is a <a href="/wiki/Contraction_(grammar)" title="Contraction (grammar)">contraction</a> of two Latvian words: <span title="Latvian-language text"><i lang="lv">pils</i></span> ('castle') and <span title="Latvian-language text"><i lang="lv">sēta</i></span> ('fence'), making it very obvious what is meant by the word – what is situated between the castle and the castle fence. However, a city can be called <span title="Latvian-language text"><i lang="lv">lielpilsēta</i></span> (big city) or <i>mazpilsēta</i> (small city/town) in reference to its size. Latvia also has administrative units such as state cities(<a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valstspils%C4%93ta" class="extiw" title="lv:Valstspilsēta">valstspilsēta</a>) A village is called <span title="Latvian-language text"><i lang="lv">ciemats</i></span> or <span title="Latvian-language text"><i lang="lv">ciems</i></span> in Latvian. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lithuania">Lithuania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Lithuania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Lithuania" title="List of towns in Lithuania">List of towns in Lithuania</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuanian</a>, a city is called <i><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/miestas" class="extiw" title="lt:miestas">miestas</a></i> and a town is called <i><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/miestelis" class="extiw" title="lt:miestelis">miestelis</a></i> (literally 'small <span title="Lithuanian-language text"><i lang="lt">miestas</i></span>'). <a href="/wiki/Metropolis" title="Metropolis">Metropolises</a> are called <a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/didmiestis" class="extiw" title="lt:didmiestis"><i>didmiestis</i></a> (literally 'big <span title="Lithuanian-language text"><i lang="lt">miestas</i></span>'). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaysia">Malaysia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Malaysia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, a town is the area administered by a municipal council (<a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>: <i lang="ms">Majlis Perbandaran</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:41012_Zuidhavenpoort_zierikzee_Met_Noordhavenpoort.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/41012_Zuidhavenpoort_zierikzee_Met_Noordhavenpoort.jpg/220px-41012_Zuidhavenpoort_zierikzee_Met_Noordhavenpoort.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/41012_Zuidhavenpoort_zierikzee_Met_Noordhavenpoort.jpg/330px-41012_Zuidhavenpoort_zierikzee_Met_Noordhavenpoort.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/41012_Zuidhavenpoort_zierikzee_Met_Noordhavenpoort.jpg/440px-41012_Zuidhavenpoort_zierikzee_Met_Noordhavenpoort.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4621" data-file-height="2783" /></a><figcaption>The small town of <a href="/wiki/Zierikzee" title="Zierikzee">Zierikzee</a>, Netherlands</figcaption></figure> <p>Before 1848 there was a legal distinction between <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">stad</i></span> and non-<span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">stad</i></span> parts of the country, but the word no longer has any legal significance. About 220 places were granted <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">stadsrechten</i></span> ('city rights') and are still so called for historical and traditional reasons, though the word is also used for large urban areas that never obtained such rights. Because of this, in the Netherlands, no distinction is made between <i>city</i> and <i>town</i>; both translate as <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">stad</i></span>. A hamlet (<span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">gehucht</i></span>) usually has fewer than 1,000 inhabitants, a village (<span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">dorp</i></span>) ranges from 1,000 up to 25,000 inhabitants, and a place above 25,000 can call itself either village or city, mostly depending on historic reasons or size of the place. As an example, <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a> never gained city rights, but because of its size – more than half a million inhabitants – it is regarded as a city. <a href="/wiki/Staverden" title="Staverden">Staverden</a>, with only 40 inhabitants, would be a hamlet, but because of its city rights it may call itself a city. </p><p>For statistical purposes, the Netherlands has three sorts of cities: </p> <ul><li><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">kleine stad</i></span> (small city): 50,000–99,999 inhabitants</li> <li><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">middelgrote stad</i></span> (medium-sized city): 100,000–249,999 inhabitants</li> <li><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">grote stad</i></span> (large city): 250,000 or more</li></ul> <p>Only <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a> and <a href="/wiki/Utrecht" title="Utrecht">Utrecht</a> are regarded as a <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">grote stad</i></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norway">Norway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Norway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Norway, <i>city</i> and <i>town</i> both translate to <a href="/wiki/By_(city_or_town)" class="mw-redirect" title="By (city or town)"><i>by</i></a>, even if a city may be referred to as <span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no">storby</i></span> ('large town'). They are all part of and administered as a <i><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Norway">kommune</a></i> ('<a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a>'). </p><p>Norway has had inland the northernmost city in the world: Hammerfest. Now the record is held by New Ålesund on the Norwegian island Svalbard.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brygga_i_T%C3%B8nsberg.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Brygga_i_T%C3%B8nsberg.JPG/220px-Brygga_i_T%C3%B8nsberg.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Brygga_i_T%C3%B8nsberg.JPG/330px-Brygga_i_T%C3%B8nsberg.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Brygga_i_T%C3%B8nsberg.JPG/440px-Brygga_i_T%C3%B8nsberg.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3771" data-file-height="1823" /></a><figcaption>The oldest town in Norway is <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B8nsberg" title="Tønsberg">Tønsberg</a>. Originally a <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a>, it is today a big city.</figcaption></figure> <p>The oldest town in Norway is <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B8nsberg" title="Tønsberg">Tønsberg</a>, founded during the <a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a>. The year when the town was founded and which person who founded it is unknown, but <a href="/wiki/Snorri_Sturluson" title="Snorri Sturluson">Snorri Sturluson</a> says in the <a href="/wiki/Saga_of_Harald_Fairhair" title="Saga of Harald Fairhair">Saga of Harald Fairhair</a> that the <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a> existed before the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hafrsfjord" title="Battle of Hafrsfjord">Battle of Hafrsfjord</a> in the year 872. Nowadays Tønsberg is considered a city (<span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no">storby</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philippines">Philippines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_municipalities_in_the_Philippines" title="List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines">List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities of the Philippines</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Loboc_Bohol_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Loboc_Bohol_1.jpg/220px-Loboc_Bohol_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Loboc_Bohol_1.jpg/330px-Loboc_Bohol_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Loboc_Bohol_1.jpg/440px-Loboc_Bohol_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1636" data-file-height="966" /></a><figcaption>The town center of <a href="/wiki/Loboc,_Bohol" class="mw-redirect" title="Loboc, Bohol">Loboc, Bohol</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, the local official equivalent of the town is the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine municipality">municipality</a> (Filipino: <span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">bayan</i></span>). Every municipality, or town, in the country has a mayor (<span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">alkalde</i></span>) and a vice mayor (<span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">bise alkalde</i></span>) as well as local town officials (<a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Bayan" title="Sangguniang Bayan">Sangguniang Bayan</a>). Philippine towns, otherwise called municipalities, are composed of a number of villages and communities called <i><a href="/wiki/Barangays" class="mw-redirect" title="Barangays">barangays</a></i> with one (or a few cluster of) <span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">barangay</i></span>(s) serving as the town center or <i><a href="/wiki/Poblacion" title="Poblacion">poblacion</a></i>. </p><p>Unique in Philippine towns is that they have fixed budget, population and land requirements to become as such, i.e. from a <span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">barangay</i></span>, or a cluster of such, to a town, or to become cities, i.e. from town to a city. Respectively, examples of these are the town of <a href="/wiki/Braulio_E._Dujali,_Davao_del_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Braulio E. Dujali, Davao del Norte">B. E. Dujali</a> in <a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Norte" title="Davao del Norte">Davao del Norte</a> province, which was formed in 1998 from a cluster of five <span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">barangays</i></span>, and the city of <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador,_Misamis_Oriental" title="El Salvador, Misamis Oriental">El Salvador</a>, which was converted from a town to a city in 2007. Each town in the Philippines was classified by its <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines#Income_classification" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">annual income and budget</a>. </p><p>A sharp, hierarchical distinction exists between Philippine <a href="/wiki/Philippine_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine city">cities</a> (<span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">lungsod</i></span> or <span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">siyudad</i></span>) and towns, as towns in the country are juridically separate from cities, which are typically larger and more populous (some smaller and less populated) and which political and economic status are above those of towns. This was further supported and indicated by the income classification system implemented by the National Department of Finance, to which both cities and towns fell into their respective categories that indicate they are such as stated under Philippine law. However, both towns and cities equally share the status as <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines#Local_government_units" title="Administrative divisions of the Philippines">local government units</a> (LGUs) grouped under and belong to <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">provinces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">regions</a>; both each are composed of <span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">barangays</i></span> and are governed by a mayor and a vice mayor supplemented by their respective LGU legislative councils. However despite this some towns in the Philippines are significantly larger than some cities in the Philippines such as <a href="/wiki/Rodriguez,_Rizal" title="Rodriguez, Rizal">Rodriguez, Rizal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria,_Bulacan" title="Santa Maria, Bulacan">Santa Maria, Bulacan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minglanilla,_Cebu" class="mw-redirect" title="Minglanilla, Cebu">Minglanilla, Cebu</a> are actually bigger than some regional centers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poland">Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Poland" title="List of cities and towns in Poland">List of cities and towns in Poland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87._Ratusz..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87._Ratusz..jpg/220px-Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87._Ratusz..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87._Ratusz..jpg/330px-Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87._Ratusz..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87._Ratusz..jpg/440px-Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87._Ratusz..jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Zamość">Zamość</a> in Poland is an example of a <a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">utopian</a> <a href="/wiki/Ideal_town" class="mw-redirect" title="Ideal town">ideal town</a>. It was declared a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a> in 1992.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish language</a>, there is no linguistic distinction between a city and a town, both translated <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">miasto</i></span>. The word for both is <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">miasto</i></span>, as a form of settlement distinct from types of rural settlements: village (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">wieś</i></span>), <i><a href="/wiki/Przysi%C3%B3%C5%82ek" title="Przysiółek">przysiółek</a></i>, <i><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">osada</i></span></i>, or <i><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kolonia</i></span></i>, see <a href="/wiki/Classification_of_localities_and_their_parts_in_Poland" title="Classification of localities and their parts in Poland">Classification of localities and their parts in Poland</a>. Cities are the biggest municipalities, distinguished through being managed by a city mayor (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">prezydent miasta</i></span>, literally translated city president) instead of a town mayor (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">burmistrz</i></span>) as the head of the city executive, thus being informally called <i>miasto prezydenckie</i>, with such privilege automatically awarded to municipalities either inhabited by more than 100,000 residents (currently 37) or those enjoying the status of a <a href="/wiki/City_with_powiat_rights" title="City with powiat rights">city with powiat rights</a> (currently 66). As of 2022, all of the former group fit into the latter, though it was not always the case in the past. There is, however, a number of exemptions due to historic or political reasons, when a municipality meets neither of these two conditions but nevertheless has the city status, including the only 3 capitals of the former <a href="/wiki/Voivodeships_of_Poland_(1975%E2%80%931998)" title="Voivodeships of Poland (1975–1998)">voivodeships of Poland (1975–1998)</a> not meeting the abovementioned criteria, as well as further 38 municipalities which do not fit into any of the mentioned categories but have nevertheless been allowed to keep the earlier awarded status due to unspecified historical reasons. Towns may sometimes be called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">miasteczko</i></span>, a diminutive colloquially used for localities with a few thousand residents. Such localities have a town mayor (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">burmistrz</i></span>) as the head of the town executive. </p><p>Town/city rights are conferred by government legislation; new towns/cities are designated by the government in an annual regulation effective from the first day of the year. Some settlements tend to remain villages even though they have a larger population than many smaller towns, primarily in order not to lose eligibility for the <a href="/wiki/European_Agricultural_Fund_for_Rural_Development" title="European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development">European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development</a>. As of 30 April 2022, there are altogether 2477 municipalities (<a href="/wiki/Gmina" title="Gmina">gmina</a>) in Poland, including 1513 rural gminas, while the remaining 968 ones contain cities and towns. Among them, 666 towns are part of an urban-rural gmina while 302 cities and towns are standalone as an urban gmina. The latter group includes 107 cities (governed by a <i>prezydent miasta</i>), including 66 <a href="/wiki/City_with_powiat_rights" title="City with powiat rights">cities with powiat rights</a>. 37 cities among the latter group are over 100,000, including 18 cities serving as a seat for <a href="/wiki/Voivode" title="Voivode">voivode</a> or <a href="/wiki/Voivodeship_sejmik" title="Voivodeship sejmik">voivodeship sejmik</a>, informally called voivodeship cities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like other Iberian cultures, in Portugal there is a traditional distinction between towns (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">vilas</i></span>) and cities (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">cidades</i></span>). Similarly, although these areas are not defined under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Portugal" title="Constitution of Portugal">Portuguese Constitution</a> and have no political and administrative functions (with associated organs), they are defined by law,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a town must have: </p> <ul><li>at least 3,000 voters</li> <li>at least half of these services: health unit, pharmacy, cultural centre, public transportation network, post office, commercial food and drinking establishments, primary school and/or bank office</li></ul> <p>In this context, the town or city is an urban settlement located in the area of a local government (<a href="/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia">civil parish</a> or <a href="/wiki/Concelho" title="Concelho">municipality</a>), in comparison to the North American context, where they have political functions. In special cases, some <a href="/wiki/Village" title="Village">villages</a> may be granted the status of town if they possess historical, cultural or architectonic importance. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_heraldry#Municipal_heraldry" title="Portuguese heraldry">Portuguese local governments heraldry</a> reflects if the seat of the respective civil parish or municipality is a city, town or another type of settlement. The <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> of a local government with a seat in a town bears a mural crown with four towers, while the coat of arms of a local government with a set in a city bears a crown with five towers.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This difference between towns and cities is still in use in other Portuguese-speaking countries. In Brazil, since the beginning of the 20th century, all municipal seats receive the status of city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romania">Romania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Romania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Romania" title="List of cities and towns in Romania">List of cities and towns in Romania</a></div> <p>In Romania there is no official distinction between a city and a town (the word for both in <a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a> is <span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">oraş</i></span>). Cities and towns in Romania can have the status either of <span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">oraş <a href="/wiki/Municipiu" title="Municipiu">municipiu</a></i></span>, conferred to large urban areas, or only <span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">oraş</i></span> to smaller urban localities. Some settlements remain villages (<span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro"><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_Romania" title="Communes of Romania">comune</a></i></span>) even though they have a larger population than other smaller towns. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russia">Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Types_of_inhabited_localities_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Types of inhabited localities in Russia">Types of inhabited localities in Russia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vyborg_SevernyVal3-5_006_8242.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Vyborg_SevernyVal3-5_006_8242.jpg/220px-Vyborg_SevernyVal3-5_006_8242.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Vyborg_SevernyVal3-5_006_8242.jpg/330px-Vyborg_SevernyVal3-5_006_8242.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Vyborg_SevernyVal3-5_006_8242.jpg/440px-Vyborg_SevernyVal3-5_006_8242.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5994" data-file-height="3977" /></a><figcaption>The town of <a href="/wiki/Vyborg" title="Vyborg">Vyborg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad Oblast</a>, Russia</figcaption></figure> <p>Unlike English, the Russian language does not distinguish the terms <i>city</i> and <i>town</i>—both are translated as <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">город</span></span> (<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">gorod</i></span>). Occasionally the term <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">город</span></span> is applied to <a href="/wiki/Urban-type_settlement" title="Urban-type settlement">urban-type settlements</a> as well, even though the status of those is not the same as that of a city/town proper. </p><p>In Russia, the criteria an inhabited locality needs to meet in order to be granted city/town (<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">gorod</i></span>) status vary in different <a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">federal subjects</a>. In general, to qualify for this status, an inhabited locality should have more than 12,000 inhabitants and the occupation of no less than 85% of inhabitants must be other than agriculture. However, inhabited localities which were previously granted the city/town status but no longer meet the criteria can still retain the status for historical reasons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Singapore">Singapore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Singapore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_towns_of_Singapore" title="New towns of Singapore">New towns of Singapore</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1_2014_panorama_bishan_park_aerial_gopro_dji_phantom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1_2014_panorama_bishan_park_aerial_gopro_dji_phantom.jpg/290px-1_2014_panorama_bishan_park_aerial_gopro_dji_phantom.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1_2014_panorama_bishan_park_aerial_gopro_dji_phantom.jpg/435px-1_2014_panorama_bishan_park_aerial_gopro_dji_phantom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1_2014_panorama_bishan_park_aerial_gopro_dji_phantom.jpg/580px-1_2014_panorama_bishan_park_aerial_gopro_dji_phantom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7078" data-file-height="2774" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bishan,_Singapore" title="Bishan, Singapore">Bishan</a>, one of Singapore's towns, is the 38th biggest in terms of geographical size and the 21st most populated planning area in the country.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Singapore, towns are large scale satellite housing developments which are designed to be self-contained. It includes public housing units, a town centre and other amenities.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Helmed by a hierarchy of commercial developments, ranging from a town centre to precinct-level outlets, there is no need to venture out of town to meet the most common needs of residences. Employment can be found in industrial estates located within several towns. Educational, health care, and recreational needs are also taken care of with the provision of schools, hospitals, parks, sports complexes, and so on. The most populous town in the country is <a href="/wiki/Bedok" title="Bedok">Bedok</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In South Africa the <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> term <span title="Afrikaans-language text"><i lang="af">dorp</i></span> is used interchangeably with the English equivalent <i>town</i>. A town is a settlement that has a size that is smaller than that of a city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spain">Spain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Spain, the equivalent of town would be <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">villa</i></span>, a population unit between a village (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">pueblo</i></span>) and a city (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">ciudad</i></span>), and is not defined by the number of inhabitants, but by some historical rights and privileges dating from the Middle Ages, such as the right to hold a market or fair. For instance, while <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> is technically a <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">villa</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, with a smaller population, is known as a city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweden">Sweden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Stad_(Sweden)" title="Stad (Sweden)">Stad (Sweden)</a> and <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ping" title="Köping">Köping</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%96vre_Finngr%C3%A4nd_7_Sta_Maria_29_Visby_Gotland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/%C3%96vre_Finngr%C3%A4nd_7_Sta_Maria_29_Visby_Gotland.jpg/220px-%C3%96vre_Finngr%C3%A4nd_7_Sta_Maria_29_Visby_Gotland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/%C3%96vre_Finngr%C3%A4nd_7_Sta_Maria_29_Visby_Gotland.jpg/330px-%C3%96vre_Finngr%C3%A4nd_7_Sta_Maria_29_Visby_Gotland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/%C3%96vre_Finngr%C3%A4nd_7_Sta_Maria_29_Visby_Gotland.jpg/440px-%C3%96vre_Finngr%C3%A4nd_7_Sta_Maria_29_Visby_Gotland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>View towards <a href="/wiki/Visby_Cathedral" title="Visby Cathedral">St Mary's Cathedral</a> in <a href="/wiki/Visby" title="Visby">Visby</a>, Sweden. Visby is one of the most well-preserved former <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic</a> cities in Sweden and a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>. Today it is the seat of <a href="/wiki/Gotland_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotland Municipality">Gotland Municipality</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish language</a> does not differentiate between towns and cities in the English sense of the words; both words are commonly translated as <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">stad</i></span>, a term which has no legal significance today. The term <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">tätort</i></span> is used for an <a href="/wiki/Urban_areas_in_Sweden" title="Urban areas in Sweden">urban area</a> or a locality, which however is a statistical rather than an administrative concept and encompasses densely settled villages with only 200 inhabitants as well as the major cities. The word <i><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ping" title="Köping">köping</a></i> corresponds to an English <i><a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a></i> <i>(chipping)</i> or German <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Markt" class="extiw" title="wikt:Markt">Markt</a></i> but is mainly of historical significance, as the term is not used today and only survives in some <a href="/wiki/Toponym" class="mw-redirect" title="Toponym">toponyms</a>. Some towns with names ending in <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">-köping</i></span> are cities with over 100,000 inhabitants today, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping" title="Linköping">Linköping</a>. </p><p>Before 1971, 132 larger <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipalities</a> in Sweden enjoyed special royal charters as <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/Stad_(Sweden)" title="Stad (Sweden)">stad</a></i></span> instead of <i><a href="/wiki/Kommun" class="mw-redirect" title="Kommun">kommun</a></i> (which is similar to a US <a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">county</a>). However, since 1971 all municipalities are officially defined as <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">kommun</i></span>, thus making no legal difference between, for instance, <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> and a small countryside municipality. Every urban area that was a <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">stad</i></span> before 1971 is still often referred to as a <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">stad</i></span> in daily speech. Since the 1980s, 14 of these municipalities have branded themselves as <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">stad</i></span> again, although this has no legal or administrative significance, as they still have to refer to themselves as <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">kommun</i></span> in all legal documentation. </p><p>For statistical purposes, <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Sweden" title="Statistics Sweden">Statistics Sweden</a> officially defines a <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">stad</i></span> as an urban area of at least 10,000 inhabitants. Since 2017 it also defines a <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">storstad</i></span> (literally 'big town') as a municipality with a population of at least 200,000 of which at least 200,000 are in its largest <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">tätort</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This means that <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" title="Malmö">Malmö</a> are <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">storstäder</i></span>, i.e. 'major cities', while <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a>, with a population of approximately 230,000 in the municipality, which covers an unusually large area, almost three times larger than the combined land area of the municipalities of Stockholm, Göteborg and Malmö, is not. The largest contiguous urban area within Uppsala municipality has a population of well below 200,000, while the population of both Malmö municipality, with a land area only 1/14 the size of Uppsala municipality, and Malmö <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">tätort</i></span>, i.e. contiguous urban area, is well over 300,000, and the population of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Malm%C3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Malmö">Malmö Metropolitan Area</a>, with a land area only slightly larger than Uppsala Municipality, is well over 700,000. A difference in the size and population of the urban area between Uppsala and the smallest <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">storstad</i></span> in Sweden, Malmö, is the reason Statistics Sweden changed the definition of <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">storstad</i></span> in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8,_4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A1_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8,_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A1_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_2.jpg/220px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A1_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A1_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_2.jpg/330px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A1_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A1_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_2.jpg/440px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_4_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A1_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Fire station in town of <a href="/wiki/Bohorodchany" title="Bohorodchany">Bohorodchany</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In Ukraine the term <i>town</i> (<span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">містечко</span></span>, <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn">mistechko</i></span>) existed from the Medieval period until 1925, when it was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Politics of the Soviet Union">Soviet government</a> with <i><a href="/wiki/Urban_type_settlement" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban type settlement">urban type settlement</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, a town in the Ukrainian lands was a smaller populated place that was chartered under the <a href="/wiki/German_town_law" title="German town law">German town law</a> and had a market square (see <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">Market town</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">City status in the United Kingdom</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="England_and_Wales">England and Wales</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: England and Wales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_England_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of urban areas in England by population">List of urban areas in England by population</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_Wales_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of urban areas in Wales by population">list of urban areas in Wales by population</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rugby_town_centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rugby_town_centre.jpg/220px-Rugby_town_centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rugby_town_centre.jpg/330px-Rugby_town_centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rugby_town_centre.jpg/440px-Rugby_town_centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1584" data-file-height="957" /></a><figcaption>A traditional English town centre at <a href="/wiki/Rugby,_Warwickshire" title="Rugby, Warwickshire">Rugby</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In England and Wales, a town traditionally was a settlement which had a charter to hold a <a href="/wiki/Market_(place)" class="mw-redirect" title="Market (place)">market</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fair" title="Fair">fair</a> and therefore became a "<a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a>". Market towns were distinguished from villages in that they were the economic hub of a surrounding area, and were usually larger and had more facilities. </p><p>In parallel with popular usage, however, there are many technical and official definitions of what constitutes a town, to which various interested parties cling. </p><p>In modern official usage the term <i>town</i> is employed either for old market towns, or for settlements which have a <a href="/wiki/Town_council" title="Town council">town council</a>, or for settlements which elsewhere would be classed a city, but which do not have <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">the legal right</a> to call themselves such. Any parish council can decide to describe itself as a town council, but this will usually only apply to the smallest "towns" (because larger towns will be larger than a single civil parish). </p><p>Not all settlements which are commonly described as towns have a town council or borough council. In fact, because of many successive changes to the structure of local government, there are now few large towns which are represented by a body closely related to their historic borough council. These days, a smaller town will usually be part of a local authority which covers several towns. And where a larger town <i>is</i> the seat of a local authority, the authority will usually cover a much wider area than the town itself (either a large rural hinterland, or several other, smaller towns). </p><p>Additionally, there are "<a href="/wiki/New_town" class="mw-redirect" title="New town">new towns</a>" which were created during the 20th century, such as <a href="/wiki/Basildon" title="Basildon">Basildon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Redditch" title="Redditch">Redditch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Telford" title="Telford">Telford</a>. </p><p>Some settlements which describe themselves as towns (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Shipston-on-Stour" title="Shipston-on-Stour">Shipston-on-Stour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a>) are smaller than some large villages (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Kidlington" title="Kidlington">Kidlington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>). </p><p>The status of a <i>city</i> is reserved for places that have <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">letters patent</a> entitling them to the name, historically associated with the possession of a cathedral. Some large municipalities (such as <a href="/wiki/Northampton" title="Northampton">Northampton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bournemouth" title="Bournemouth">Bournemouth</a>) are legally <a href="/wiki/Borough" title="Borough">boroughs</a> but not cities, whereas some cities are quite small — such as <a href="/wiki/Ely,_Cambridgeshire" title="Ely, Cambridgeshire">Ely</a> or <a href="/wiki/St_David%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="St David's">St David's</a>. The city of <a href="/wiki/Brighton_and_Hove" title="Brighton and Hove">Brighton and Hove</a> was created from the two former towns and some surrounding villages, and within the city the correct term for the former distinct entities is somewhat unclear. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Windhill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7e/Windhill.jpg/220px-Windhill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7e/Windhill.jpg/330px-Windhill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7e/Windhill.jpg/440px-Windhill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_Stortford" title="Bishop's Stortford">Bishop's Stortford</a></figcaption></figure> <p>It appears that a city may become a town, though perhaps only through administrative error: <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Kent" title="Rochester, Kent">Rochester</a> in Kent had been a city for centuries but, when in 1998 the <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a> district was created, a bureaucratic blunder meant that Rochester lost its official <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">city status</a> and is now technically a town. </p><p>It is often thought that towns with <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">bishops' seats</a> rank automatically as cities: however, <a href="/wiki/Chelmsford" title="Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a> was a town until 5 June 2012 despite being the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Chelmsford" title="Diocese of Chelmsford">diocese of Chelmsford</a>, created in 1914. <a href="/wiki/St_Asaph" title="St Asaph">St Asaph</a>, which is the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_St_Asaph" title="Diocese of St Asaph">diocese of St Asaph</a>, only became a city on 1 June 2012 though the diocese was founded in the mid-sixth century. In reality, the pre-qualification of having a cathedral of the established <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>, and the formerly established <a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a> or <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a>, ceased to apply from 1888. </p><p>The word <i>town</i> can also be used as a general term for urban areas, including cities and in a few cases, districts within cities. In this usage, a city is a type of town; a large one, with a certain status. For example, central <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a> is sometimes referred to colloquially as "London town". (The "<a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a>" is the historical nucleus, informally known as the "Square Mile", and is administratively separate from the rest of Greater London, while the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster" title="City of Westminster">City of Westminster</a> is also technically a city and is also a <a href="/wiki/London_borough" class="mw-redirect" title="London borough">London borough</a>.) <a href="/wiki/Camden_Town" title="Camden Town">Camden Town</a> and <a href="/wiki/Somers_Town,_London" title="Somers Town, London">Somers Town</a> are districts of London, as <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town</a> is a district of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> – actually the Georgian centre. </p><p>In recent years the division between cities and towns has grown, leading to the establishment of groups like the Centre for Towns, who work to highlight the issues facing many towns.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Towns also became a significant issue in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2020 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2020 Labour Party leadership election</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Nandy" title="Lisa Nandy">Lisa Nandy</a> making significant reference to Labour needing to win back smaller towns which have swung away from the party.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Scotland">Scotland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Scotland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_burghs_in_Scotland" title="List of burghs in Scotland">List of burghs in Scotland</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">List of towns and cities in Scotland by population</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Town" title="Special:EditPage/Town">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In Scotland the word <i>town</i> has no specific legal meaning and (especially in areas which were or are still <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Gaelic</a>-speaking) can refer to a mere collection of buildings (e.g. a <i>farm-town</i> or in <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a> <span title="Scots-language text"><i lang="sco">ferm-toun</i></span>), not all of which might be inhabited, or to an inhabited area of any size which is not otherwise described in terms such as <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">city</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">burgh</a>, etc. Many locations of greatly different size will be encountered with a name ending with <i>-town</i>, <i>-ton</i>, <i>-toun</i> etc. (or beginning with the Gaelic equivalent <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">baile</i></span> etc.).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"<a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">Burgh</a>" (pronounced <i>burruh</i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a> term for a town or a municipality. They were highly <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous area">autonomous</a> units of <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Scotland" title="Local government in Scotland">local government</a> from at least the 12th century until their abolition in 1975, when a new <a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Scotland_1973_to_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government areas of Scotland 1973 to 1996">regional structure of local government</a> was introduced across the country. Usually based upon a town, they had a <a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">municipal corporation</a> and certain rights, such as a degree of <a href="/wiki/Self-governance" title="Self-governance">self-governance</a> and representation in the sovereign <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">Parliament of Scotland</a> adjourned in 1707. </p><p>The term no longer describes units of local government, although various claims are made from time to time that the legislation used was not competent to change the status of the Royal Burghs described below. The status is now chiefly ceremonial but various functions have been inherited by current councils (e.g. the application of various endowments providing for public benefit) which might only apply within the area previously served by a burgh; in consequence a burgh can still exist (if only as a defined geographical area) and might still be signed as such by the current local authority. The word 'burgh' is generally not used as a synonym for 'town' or 'city' in everyday speech, but is reserved mostly for government and administrative purposes. </p><p>Historically, the most important burghs were <a href="/wiki/Royal_burgh" title="Royal burgh">royal burghs</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/Burgh_of_regality" title="Burgh of regality">burghs of regality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burgh_of_barony" title="Burgh of barony">burghs of barony</a>. Some newer settlements were only designated as <a href="/wiki/Police_burgh" title="Police burgh">police burghs</a> from the 19th century onward, a classification which also applies to most of the older burghs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wyatt-indiana-from-above.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Wyatt-indiana-from-above.jpg/220px-Wyatt-indiana-from-above.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Wyatt-indiana-from-above.jpg/330px-Wyatt-indiana-from-above.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Wyatt-indiana-from-above.jpg/440px-Wyatt-indiana-from-above.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The tiny farming community of <a href="/wiki/Wyatt,_Indiana" title="Wyatt, Indiana">Wyatt, Indiana</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The definition of <i>town</i> varies widely from state to state, and in many states there is no official definition. In some states, the term <i>town</i> refers to an area of population distinct from others in some meaningful dimension, typically population or type of government. The characteristic that distinguishes a town from another type of populated place — a city, borough, village, or <a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">township</a>, for example — differs from state to state. In some states, a town is an incorporated <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a>; that is, one with a <a href="/wiki/Charter" title="Charter">charter</a> received from the state, similar to a city (see <a href="/wiki/Incorporated_town" title="Incorporated town">incorporated town</a>), while in others, a town is unincorporated. They're originally based around a population center and in most cases correspond to the geographical designations used by the United States Census Bureau for reporting of housing and population statistics. Municipalities vary greatly in size, from the millions of residents of New York City and Los Angeles to the few hundred people who live in Jenkins, Minnesota.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some instances, the term <i>town</i> refers to a small incorporated municipality of less than a population threshold specified by state statute, while in others a town can be significantly larger. Some states do not use the term <i>town</i> at all, while in others the term has no official meaning and is used informally to refer to a populated place, of any size, whether incorporated or unincorporated. In some other states, the words <i>town</i> and <i>city</i> are legally interchangeable. The <a href="/wiki/Census_of_Governments" class="mw-redirect" title="Census of Governments">Census of Governments</a> treats jurisdictions called towns in the <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> states, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> as <a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">townships</a> rather than municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-isd2022_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isd2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Small-town life has been a major theme in American literature, especially stories of rejection by young people leaving for the metropolis.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the use of the term varies considerably by state, individual usages are presented in the following sections: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alabama">Alabama</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Alabama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>, the legal use of the terms <i>town</i> and <i>city</i> is based on population. A municipality with a population of 2,000 or more is a city, while less than 2,000 is a town (Code of Alabama 1975, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130616104014/http://alisondb.legislature.state.al.us/acas/CodeOfAlabama/1975/11-40-6.htm">Section 11-40-6</a>). For legislative purposes, municipalities are divided into eight classes based on population. Class 8 includes all towns, plus cities with populations of less than 6,000 (Code of Alabama 1975, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130616104906/http://alisondb.legislature.state.al.us/acas/CodeOfAlabama/1975/11-40-12.htm">Section 11-40-12</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arizona">Arizona</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Arizona"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, the terms <i>town</i> and <i>city</i> are largely interchangeable. A community may incorporate under either a town or a city organization with no regard to population or other restrictions according to Arizona law (see <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Revised_Statutes" title="Arizona Revised Statutes">Arizona Revised Statutes</a>, Title 9). Cities may function under slightly differing governmental systems, such as the option to organize a district system for city governments, but largely retain the same powers as towns. Arizona law also allows for the consolidation of neighboring towns and the unification of a city and a town, but makes no provision for the joining of two adjacent cities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="California">California</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: California"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, the words <i>town</i> and <i>city</i> are synonymous by law (see Cal. Govt. Code §§ 34500–34504).<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two types of cities in California: charter and general law. Cities organized as charter cities derive their authority from a <a href="/wiki/Municipal_charter" title="Municipal charter">charter</a> that they draft and file with the state, and which, among other things, states the municipality's name as "City of (Name)" or "Town of (Name)." Government Code §§ 34500–34504 apply to cities organized as <a href="/wiki/General-law_municipality" title="General-law municipality">general law cities</a>, which differ from charter cities in that they do not have charters but instead operate with the powers conferred them by the pertinent sections of the Government Code. Like charter cities, general law cities may incorporate as "City of (Name)" or "Town of (Name)." </p><p>Some cities change what they are referred to as. The sign in front of the municipal offices in <a href="/wiki/Los_Gatos,_California" title="Los Gatos, California">Los Gatos, California</a>, for example, reads "City of Los Gatos", but the words engraved on the building above the front entrance when the city hall was built read "Town of Los Gatos." There are also signs at the municipal corporation limit, some of which welcome visitors to the "City of Los Gatos" while older, adjacent signs welcome people to the "Town of Los Gatos." Meanwhile, the village does not exist in California as a municipal corporation. Instead, the word <i>town</i> is commonly used to indicate any unincorporated community that might otherwise be known as an unincorporated village. Additionally, some people may still use the word <i>town</i> as shorthand for <i>township</i>, which is not an incorporated municipality but an administrative division of a county. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hawaii">Hawaii</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Hawaii"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, the Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism has the statutory authority to establish, modify, or abolish the statistical boundaries for cities, town, and. villages.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the only municipal government in Hawaii is the City ad County of <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isd2022_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isd2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Illinois">Illinois</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Illinois"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, the word <i>town</i> has been used both to denote a subdivision of a county called a township,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to denote a form of municipality similar to a <a href="/wiki/Village" title="Village">village</a>, in that it is generally governed by a president and trustees rather than a mayor.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some areas a town may be incorporated legally as a village (meaning it has at large trustees) or a city (meaning it has aldermen from districts) and absorb the duties of the township it is coterminous with (maintenance of birth records, certain welfare items). <a href="/wiki/Evanston,_Illinois" title="Evanston, Illinois">Evanston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berwyn,_Illinois" title="Berwyn, Illinois">Berwyn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cicero,_Illinois" title="Cicero, Illinois">Cicero</a> are examples of towns in this manner. Under the current Illinois Municipal Code, an incorporated or unincorporated town may choose to incorporate as a city or as a village, but other forms of incorporation are no longer allowed.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indiana">Indiana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Indiana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, a <i>town</i> is differentiated from a <i>city</i> in that a town can not become a city until it has a population of at least 2,000. The form of government is also different from that of a city in that the town council is both the legislative and executive branches of government. The mayor is selected by the council from within its ranks and operates as a <a href="/wiki/First_among_equals" class="mw-redirect" title="First among equals">first among equals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Louisiana">Louisiana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Louisiana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, a town is defined as being a municipal government having a population of 1,001 to 4,999 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-isd2022_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isd2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maryland">Maryland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Maryland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While a town is generally considered a smaller entity than a city, the two terms are legally interchangeable in Maryland.<sup id="cite_ref-isd2022_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isd2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only exception is the <a href="/wiki/Independent_city" title="Independent city">independent city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, which is a special case, as it was created by the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Maryland" title="Constitution of Maryland">Constitution of Maryland</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nevada">Nevada</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Nevada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, a town has a form of government, but is not considered to be incorporated. It generally provides a limited range of services, such as <a href="/wiki/Land_use_planning" class="mw-redirect" title="Land use planning">land use planning</a> and recreation, while leaving most services to the county. Many communities have found this "semi-incorporated" status attractive; the state has only 20 incorporated <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Nevada" title="List of cities in Nevada">cities</a>, and towns as large as <a href="/wiki/Paradise,_Nevada" title="Paradise, Nevada">Paradise</a> (186,020 in 2000 Census), home of the <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Strip" title="Las Vegas Strip">Las Vegas Strip</a>. Most <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seats</a> are also towns, not cities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_England">New England</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: New England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_England_town" title="New England town">New England town</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Ipswich_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Downtown_Ipswich_MA.jpg/220px-Downtown_Ipswich_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Downtown_Ipswich_MA.jpg/330px-Downtown_Ipswich_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Downtown_Ipswich_MA.jpg/440px-Downtown_Ipswich_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="397" /></a><figcaption>A downtown of <a href="/wiki/Ipswich,_Massachusetts" title="Ipswich, Massachusetts">Ipswich, Massachusetts</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the six <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> states, a <a href="/wiki/New_England_town" title="New England town">town</a> is the most prevalent minor civil division, and in most cases, are a more important form of government than the county. In <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> and seven out of fourteen counties in <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, in fact, counties only exist as boundaries for state services and chambers of commerce at most, and have no independent legal functions. In <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a>, counties function at a limited scope, and are still not as important in northern New England as they are outside of the northeast. In all six states, towns perform functions that in most states would be county functions. The defining feature of a New England town, as opposed to a city, is that a <a href="/wiki/Town_meeting" title="Town meeting">town meeting</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Board_of_selectmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of selectmen">board of selectmen</a> serve as the main form of government for a town, while cities are run by a mayor and a city council. For example, <a href="/wiki/Brookline,_Massachusetts" title="Brookline, Massachusetts">Brookline, Massachusetts</a> is a town, even though it is fairly urban, because of its form of government. In the three southern New England states, the entire land area is divided into towns and cities, while the three northern states have small areas that are unincorporated. In Vermont and New Hampshire, the population of these areas is practically nonexistent, while in Maine, unincorporated areas make up roughly half of the state's area but only one percent of the state's population. </p><p>Though the U.S. Census Bureau defines New England towns as "minor civil divisions" for statistical purposes, all New England towns are <a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporations" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal corporations">municipal corporations</a> equivalent to cities in all legal respects, except for form of government. For statistical purposes, the Census Bureau uses <a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">census-designated places</a> for the built-up population centers within towns, though these have no legal or social recognition for residents of those towns. Similarly, the Census Bureau uses a special designation for <a href="/wiki/Urban_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban areas">urban areas</a> within New England, the <a href="/wiki/New_England_city_and_town_area" title="New England city and town area">New England city and town area</a>, instead of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">metropolitan statistical area</a> it uses in the rest of the country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Jersey">New Jersey</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: New Jersey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Town_(New_Jersey)" title="Town (New Jersey)">Town (New Jersey)</a></div> <p>A <i>town</i> in the context of New Jersey local government refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government. While <i>town</i> is often used as a shorthand to refer to a township, the two are not the same. The Town Act of 1895 allowed any municipality or area with a population exceeding 5,000 to become a Town through a petition and referendum process. Under the 1895 Act, a newly incorporated town was divided into at least three wards, with two councilmen per ward serving staggered two-year terms, and one councilman at large, who also served a two-year term. The councilman at large served as chairman of the town council. The Town Act of 1988 completely revised the town form of government and applied to all towns incorporated under the Town Act of 1895 and to those incorporated by a special charter granted by the Legislature prior to 1875. </p><p>Under the 1988 Act, the mayor is also the councilman at large, serving a term of two years, unless increased to three years by a petition and referendum process. The council under the Town Act of 1988 consists of eight members serving staggered two-year terms with two elected from each of four wards. One council member from each ward is up for election each year. Towns with different structures predating the 1988 Act may retain those features unless changed by a petition and referendum process. Two new provisions were added in 1991 to the statutes governing towns. First, a petition and referendum process was created whereby the voters can require that the mayor and town council be elected to four-year terms of office. The second new provision defines the election procedure in towns with wards. The mayor in a town chairs the town council and heads the municipal government. The mayor may both vote on legislation before council and veto ordinances. A veto may be overridden by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the council. The council may enact an ordinance to delegate all or a portion of the executive responsibilities of the town to a municipal administrator. Fifteen New Jersey municipalities currently have a type of town, nine of which operate under the town form of government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_York">New York</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: New York"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_New_York_(state)#Town" title="Administrative divisions of New York (state)">Administrative divisions of New York (state) § Town</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of New York">New York</a>, a town is a division of the county that possesses home rule powers, but generally with fewer functions than towns in New England. A town provides a closer level of governance than its enclosing county, providing almost all municipal services to unincorporated communities, called <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_New_York_(state)#Hamlet" title="Administrative divisions of New York (state)">hamlets</a>, and selected services to incorporated areas, called <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_New_York_(state)#Village" title="Administrative divisions of New York (state)">villages</a>. In New York, a town typically contains a number of such hamlets and villages. However, due to their independent nature, incorporated villages may exist in two towns or even two counties (example: <a href="/wiki/Almond_(village),_New_York" title="Almond (village), New York">Almond (village), New York</a>). Everyone in New York who does not live in a city or <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Indian</a> reservation lives in a town and possibly in one of the town's hamlets or villages. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Geneva,_New_York" title="Geneva, New York">Geneva</a> are the only two cities that span county boundaries. The only part of Geneva in <a href="/wiki/Seneca_County,_New_York" title="Seneca County, New York">Seneca County</a> is water; each of the <a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_New_York_City" title="Boroughs of New York City">boroughs of New York City</a> is a county. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_Carolina">North Carolina</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: North Carolina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, all cities, towns, and villages are incorporated as <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_North_Carolina" title="List of municipalities in North Carolina">municipalities</a>. According to the North Carolina League of Municipalities,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there is no legal distinction among a city, town, or village—it is a matter of preference of the local government. Some North Carolina cities have populations as small as 1,000 residents, while some towns, such as <a href="/wiki/Cary,_North_Carolina" title="Cary, North Carolina">Cary</a>, have populations of greater than 100,000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: Oklahoma"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, according to the state's municipal code, <i>city</i> means a municipality which has incorporated as a city in accordance with the laws of the state, whereas <i>town</i> means a municipality which has incorporated as a town in accordance with the laws of the state, and <i>municipality</i> means any incorporated city or town.<sup id="cite_ref-OklahomaLaw1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OklahomaLaw1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>village</i> is not defined or used in the act.<sup id="cite_ref-OklahomaLaw1_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OklahomaLaw1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Any community of people residing in compact form may become incorporated as a town; however, if the resident population is one thousand or more, a town or community of people residing in compact form may become incorporated as a city.<sup id="cite_ref-OklahomaLaw2_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OklahomaLaw2-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: Pennsylvania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, the incorporated divisions are townships, boroughs, and cities, of which boroughs are equivalent to towns (example: <a href="/wiki/State_College,_Pennsylvania" title="State College, Pennsylvania">State College</a> is a borough). However, one borough is incorporated as a town: <a href="/wiki/Bloomsburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania">Bloomsburg</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Texas">Texas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Texas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, although some municipalities refer to themselves as "towns" or "villages" (to market themselves as an attractive place to live), these names have no specific designation in Texas law; legally all incorporated places are considered <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Texas" title="List of municipalities in Texas">cities</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Utah">Utah</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: Utah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Utah" title="List of municipalities in Utah">List of municipalities in Utah</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, the legal use of the terms <i>town</i> and <i>city</i> is based on population. A municipality with a population of 1,000 or more is a city, while less than 1,000 is a town. In addition, cities are divided into five separate classes based on the population.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Virginia">Virginia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: Virginia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Virginia#Towns" title="Administrative divisions of Virginia">Administrative divisions of Virginia § Towns</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, a town is an incorporated municipality similar to a city (though with a smaller required minimum population). But while cities are by Virginia law independent of counties, towns are contained within counties.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Washington">Washington</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Washington"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/City_government_in_Washington_(state)" title="City government in Washington (state)">City government in Washington (state)</a></div> <p>A town in the state of <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> is a municipality that has a population of less than 1,500 at incorporation, however an existing town can reorganize as a code city.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Town government authority is limited relative to <a href="/wiki/City_(Washington)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Washington)">cities</a>, the other main classification of municipalities in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2012,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> most municipalities in Washington are cities (see: <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="List of towns in Washington">List of towns in Washington</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: Wisconsin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Wisconsin" title="Administrative divisions of Wisconsin">Administrative divisions of Wisconsin</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Wisconsin" title="List of towns in Wisconsin">List of towns in Wisconsin</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> has towns which are areas outside of incorporated cities and villages. These towns retain the name of the civil township from which they evolved and are often the same name as a neighboring city. Some towns, especially those in urban areas, have services similar to those of incorporated cities, such as police departments. These towns will, from time to time, incorporate into cities, such as <a href="/wiki/Fox_Crossing,_Wisconsin" title="Fox Crossing, Wisconsin">Fox Crossing</a> in 2016 from the former town of <a href="/wiki/Menasha_(town),_Wisconsin" title="Menasha (town), Wisconsin">Menasha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often this is to avoid annexation into neighboring cities and villages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wyoming">Wyoming</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: Wyoming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> statute indicates towns are incorporated municipalities with populations of less than 4,000. Municipalities of 4,000 or more residents are considered "first-class cities".<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vietnam">Vietnam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Vietnam, a <a href="/wiki/District-level_town_(Vietnam)" class="mw-redirect" title="District-level town (Vietnam)">district-level town</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>: <i lang="vi">thị xã</i>) is the second subdivision, below a province (<span title="Vietnamese-language text"><i lang="vi">tỉnh</i></span>) or municipality (<span title="Vietnamese-language text"><i lang="vi">thành phố trực thuộc trung ương</i></span>). A <a href="/wiki/Commune-level_town_(Vietnam)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commune-level town (Vietnam)">commune-level town</a> (<span title="Vietnamese-language text"><i lang="vi">thị trấn</i></span>) a third-level (commune-level) subdivision, below a <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Vietnam" title="List of districts of Vietnam">district</a> (<span title="Vietnamese-language text"><i lang="vi">huyện</i></span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=78" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commuter_town" title="Commuter town">Commuter town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_town" title="Company town">Company town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Developed_environments" class="mw-redirect" title="Developed environments">Developed environments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_sign_(address)" title="Fire sign (address)">Fire sign (address)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns" class="mw-redirect" title="List of towns">List of towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_(geography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Location (geography)">Location (geography)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalopolis_(city_type)" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalopolis (city type)">Megalopolis (city type)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-city" title="Proto-city">Proto-city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_charter" class="mw-redirect" title="Town charter">Town charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Town Hall">Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_limits" class="mw-redirect" title="Town limits">Town limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_privileges" title="Town privileges">Town privileges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_square" title="Town square">Town square</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=79" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> 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no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/town">"Town | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Townofclarksville.com&rft.atitle=Town+vs.+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.townofclarksville.com%2Ftown_vs_city.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nclm.org/advocacy/how-nc-cities-work">"How NC Cities Work"</a>. <i>North Carolina League of Municipalities</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100516211303/http://www.nclm.org/resource-center/Pages/How-Municipalities-Work.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=North+Carolina+League+of+Municipalities&rft.atitle=How+NC+Cities+Work&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nclm.org%2Fadvocacy%2Fhow-nc-cities-work&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OklahomaLaw1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OklahomaLaw1_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OklahomaLaw1_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=75748">"11 O.S. 1-102 (Oklahoma Statutes, Title 11, Cities and Towns; Chapter 1, Oklahoma Municipal Code; Section 1-102, Definitions)"</a>. Oklahoma State Courts Network<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11+O.S.+1-102+%28Oklahoma+Statutes%2C+Title+11%2C+Cities+and+Towns%3B+Chapter+1%2C+Oklahoma+Municipal+Code%3B+Section+1-102%2C+Definitions%29&rft.pub=Oklahoma+State+Courts+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscn.net%2Fapplications%2Foscn%2FDeliverDocument.asp%3FCiteID%3D75748&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OklahomaLaw2-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OklahomaLaw2_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=75750">"11 O.S. 2-101 (Oklahoma Statutes, Title 11, Cities and Towns; Chapter 1, Oklahoma Municipal Code; Section 2-101, Incorporation of a Municipality)"</a>. Oklahoma State Courts Network<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11+O.S.+2-101+%28Oklahoma+Statutes%2C+Title+11%2C+Cities+and+Towns%3B+Chapter+1%2C+Oklahoma+Municipal+Code%3B+Section+2-101%2C+Incorporation+of+a+Municipality%29&rft.pub=Oklahoma+State+Courts+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscn.net%2Fapplications%2Foscn%2FDeliverDocument.asp%3FCiteID%3D75750&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110808233054/http://le.utah.gov/~code/TITLE10/htm/10_02_030100.htm">"Utah Code, Title 10, Chapter 2, Section 301"</a>. Utah State Legislature. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://le.utah.gov/~code/TITLE10/htm/10_02_030100.htm">the original</a> on 8 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Utah+Code%2C+Title+10%2C+Chapter+2%2C+Section+301&rft.pub=Utah+State+Legislature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fle.utah.gov%2F~code%2FTITLE10%2Fhtm%2F10_02_030100.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_A._Grymes" class="citation web cs1">Charles A. Grymes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100620092601/http://virginiaplaces.org/vagupnova/countytowncity.html">"County vs. Town vs. City in Virginia"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://virginiaplaces.org/vagupnova/countytowncity.html">the original</a> on 20 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2011</span>. <q>Cities own and maintain their roads, while Virginia counties (except for Arlington and Henrico) rely upon <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Department_of_Transportation" title="Virginia Department of Transportation">VDOT</a> for road maintenance. Cities get a fixed allocation of state funding for building and maintaining those roads, while counties must compete with each other and other VDOT priorities for a substantial portion of their road budget. Cities have been granted more authorities, such as the right of city councils to issue bonds to build roads without a voter referendum (counties must get voter approval in a referendum before issuing road bonds). In Virginia, towns have distinct boundaries, established by the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_General_Assembly" title="Virginia General Assembly">General Assembly</a> or by courts guided by laws passed by the legislature. Towns are not independent from counties; residents of towns are still residents of the county in which the town is located. For example, residents of the four towns of <a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_Virginia" title="Haymarket, Virginia">Haymarket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quantico,_Virginia" title="Quantico, Virginia">Quantico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dumfries,_Virginia" title="Dumfries, Virginia">Dumfries</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Occoquan,_Virginia" title="Occoquan, Virginia">Occoquan</a> are also residents of <a href="/wiki/Prince_William_County,_Virginia" title="Prince William County, Virginia">Prince William County</a>. They pay both town and county property taxes, and town residents get to vote for a town council/mayor.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=County+vs.+Town+vs.+City+in+Virginia&rft.au=Charles+A.+Grymes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvirginiaplaces.org%2Fvagupnova%2Fcountytowncity.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130620001644/http://www.mrsc.org/subjects/governance/locgov31.aspx">"Classification of Washington Cities"</a>. Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mrsc.org/subjects/governance/locgov31.aspx">the original</a> on 20 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Classification+of+Washington+Cities&rft.pub=Municipal+Research+and+Services+Center+of+Washington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrsc.org%2Fsubjects%2Fgovernance%2Flocgov31.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080725204227/http://www.mrsc.org/Subjects/Management/forms/townandcodecity.aspx">"A Comparison of the Powers of a Town and a Noncharter Code City"</a>. Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mrsc.org/subjects/management/forms/townandcodecity.aspx">the original</a> on 25 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Comparison+of+the+Powers+of+a+Town+and+a+Noncharter+Code+City&rft.pub=Municipal+Research+and+Services+Center+of+Washington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrsc.org%2Fsubjects%2Fmanagement%2Fforms%2Ftownandcodecity.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170211054509/http://www.town-menasha.com/town-of-menasha-incorporation-update/">"Incorporation Information - Town of Menasha Town of Menasha"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.town-menasha.com/town-of-menasha-incorporation-update/">the original</a> on 11 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Incorporation+Information+-+Town+of+Menasha+Town+of+Menasha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.town-menasha.com%2Ftown-of-menasha-incorporation-update%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211102125427/https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title15.docx">"Title 15 - Cities and Towns; Chapter 1 - General Provisions; Article 1 - Powers and Miscellaneous Matters; 15-1-101. Definitions"</a>. State of Wyoming. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title15.docx">the original</a> on 2 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Title+15+-+Cities+and+Towns%3B+Chapter+1+-+General+Provisions%3B+Article+1+-+Powers+and+Miscellaneous+Matters%3B+15-1-101.+Definitions&rft.pub=State+of+Wyoming&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwyoleg.gov%2Fstatutes%2Fcompress%2Ftitle15.docx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=80" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoom1996" class="citation book cs1">Room, Adrian (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XEtiAAAAMAAJ"><i>An Alphabetical Guide to the Language of Name Studies</i></a>. Lanham and London: The Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-3169-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-3169-8"><bdi>978-0-8108-3169-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Alphabetical+Guide+to+the+Language+of+Name+Studies&rft.place=Lanham+and+London&rft.pub=The+Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-3169-8&rft.aulast=Room&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXEtiAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATown" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Town&action=edit&section=81" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/town" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/town">town</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/9f0b5791ed98061fca256f1900128409?OpenDocument">Australian Bureau of Statistics: Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) 2005</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.open-site.org/Regional">Open-Site Regional</a> — Contains information about towns in numerous countries.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091226080929/http://www.e-geopolis.eu/">Geopolis</a> : research group, university of Paris-Diderot, France — Access to Geopolis Database</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_administrative_division" title="Template:Types of administrative division"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Types_of_administrative_division" title="Template talk:Types of administrative division"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Types_of_administrative_division" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Types of administrative division"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Designations_for_types_of_administrative_division" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Designations for types of <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative division</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="English_terms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_terms_for_administrative_divisions" title="List of terms for administrative divisions">English terms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Common_English_terms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Common English terms</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insular_area" title="Insular area">Insular area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_area" title="Local government area">Local government area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Areas_Board" title="Special Areas Board">Special area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unorganized_area" title="Unorganized area">Unorganized area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Borough" title="Borough">Borough</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/County_borough" title="County borough">County borough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_borough" title="Metropolitan borough">Metropolitan borough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canton_(administrative_division)" title="Canton (administrative division)">Canton</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Half-canton" class="mw-redirect" title="Half-canton">Half-canton</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_capital" title="Federal capital">Federal capital</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Capital_city#Origins" title="Capital city">Imperial capital</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_city" title="Autonomous city">Autonomous city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter city">Charter city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city" title="Independent city">Independent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incorporated_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Incorporated city">Incorporated city</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imperial_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial city">Imperial city</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">Free imperial city</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Royal_free_city" title="Royal free city">Royal free city</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_(administrative_division)" title="Community (administrative division)">Community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_community" title="Residential community">Residential community</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/County" title="County">County</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_county" title="Administrative county">Administrative county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_county" title="Autonomous county">Autonomous county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">County town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_county" title="Metropolitan county">Metropolitan county</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan county</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_county_municipality" title="Regional county municipality">Regional county municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viscountcy" class="mw-redirect" title="Viscountcy">Viscounty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas country">Overseas country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_(administrative_division)" title="Department (administrative division)">Department</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_department" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas department">Overseas department</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/District" title="District">District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital district">Capital district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_district" title="City district">City district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_district" title="Congressional district">Congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district" title="Electoral district">Electoral district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_government_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian government district">Indian government district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_district" title="Land district">Land district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Manitoba#Local_government_districts" title="List of municipalities in Manitoba">Local government district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan district">Metropolitan district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_district" title="Non-metropolitan district">Non-metropolitan district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_district" title="Military district">Military district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_district" title="Municipal district">Municipal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_district" title="Police district">Police district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_district" title="Regional district">Regional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_district" title="Rural district">Rural district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanitary_district" title="Sanitary district">Sanitary district</a></li> <li>Service district <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Educational_service_district_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Educational service district (disambiguation)">Educational service district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_service_district" title="Local service district">Local service district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">School district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_school_district" title="Intermediate school district">Intermediate school district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">Special district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">in the US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_district" title="Urban district">Urban district</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Division_(political_geography)" title="Division (political geography)">Division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Census_division" title="Census division">Census division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_division" title="Police division">Police division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenue_division" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenue division">Subdivision of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian reserve/reservation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reserve" title="Indian reserve">Indian reserve</a> (Canada)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Municipality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="City municipality">City municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_municipality" title="County municipality">County municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct-controlled_municipality" title="Direct-controlled municipality">Direct-controlled municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_municipality" title="District municipality">District municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutral_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutral municipality">Neutral municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_municipality" title="Regional municipality">Regional municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resort_municipality" title="Resort municipality">Resort municipality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_resort_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain resort municipality">Mountain resort municipality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_municipality" title="Rural municipality">Rural municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialized_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialized municipality">Specialized municipality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefecture" title="Prefecture">Prefecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_prefecture" title="Autonomous prefecture">Autonomous prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subprefecture" title="Subprefecture">Subprefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super-prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Super-prefecture">Super-prefecture</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture" title="Praetorian prefecture">Praetorian prefecture</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province" title="Province">Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_province" title="Autonomous province">Autonomous province</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Overseas_province" title="Overseas province">Overseas province</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">Roman province</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Region" title="Region">Region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Administrative region <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_region" title="Special administrative region">Special administrative region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous region">Autonomous region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_region" title="Capital region">Capital region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_capital_region" class="mw-redirect" title="National capital region">National capital region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_region" title="Development region">Development region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoregion_(geography)" title="Mesoregion (geography)">Mesoregion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microregion" title="Microregion">Microregion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas region">Overseas region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subregion_(administrative_division)" title="Subregion (administrative division)">Subregion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federated_state" title="Federated state">State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-state" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-state">Proto-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">City-state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal state">Federal state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_state_(polity)" title="Free state (polity)">Free state</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign state</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital territory">Capital territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_capital_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal capital territory">Federal capital territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_capital_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="National capital territory">National capital territory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_territory" title="Federal territory">Federal territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incorporated_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Incorporated territory">Incorporated territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organized_incorporated_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Organized incorporated territory">Organized incorporated territory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas territory">Overseas territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_territory" title="Union territory">Union territory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Census_town" title="Census town">Census town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">Market town</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Township" title="Township">Township</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charter_township" title="Charter township">Charter township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">Civil township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_township" title="Paper township">Paper township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survey_township" title="Survey township">Survey township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_township" title="Urban township">Urban township</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional unit">Regional unit</a></li> <li>Territorial unit <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_territorial_unit" title="Autonomous territorial unit">Autonomous territorial unit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Economic zone <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">Exclusive economic zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_economic_zone" title="Free economic zone">Free economic zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zone" title="Special economic zone">Special economic zone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusion_zone" title="Exclusion zone">Exclusion zone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_exclusion_zone" title="Military exclusion zone">Military exclusion zone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_speech_zone" title="Free speech zone">Free speech zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutral_zone_(territorial_entity)" title="Neutral zone (territorial entity)">Neutral zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-administered_zone" title="Self-administered zone">Self-administered zone</a></li> <li>Trade zone <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free-trade_zone" title="Free-trade zone">Free-trade zone</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_English_terms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other English terms</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Victoria#Alpine_resorts" title="Local government in Victoria">Alpine resort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick" title="Bailiwick">Bailiwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banner_(administrative_division)" title="Banner (administrative division)">Banner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banners_of_Inner_Mongolia" title="Banners of Inner Mongolia">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_(district_subdivision)" title="Block (district subdivision)">Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadastre" title="Cadastre">Cadastre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_(administrative_division)" title="Circle (administrative division)">Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_(administrative_division)" title="Circuit (administrative division)">Circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condominium_(international_law)" title="Condominium (international law)">Condominium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constituency_(administrative_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituency (administrative division)">Constituency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy" title="Duchy">Duchy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/District_duchy" title="District duchy">District</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elderships_of_Lithuania" title="Elderships of Lithuania">Eldership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate" title="Emirate">Emirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclave_and_exclave" title="Enclave and exclave">Enclave and exclave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Dependencies_of_Venezuela" title="Federal Dependencies of Venezuela">Federal dependency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate" title="Governorate">Governorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">Hamlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manorialism" title="Manorialism">Manor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_manor" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal manor">Royal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muftiate" title="Muftiate">Muftiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbourhood" title="Neighbourhood">Neighbourhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parish_(administrative_division)" title="Parish (administrative division)">Parish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_precinct" title="Electoral precinct">Precinct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality" title="Principality">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">Protectorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarter_(urban_subdivision)" title="Quarter (urban subdivision)">Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">Regency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republic" title="Autonomous republic">Autonomous republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riding_(division)" title="Riding (division)">Riding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sector_(administrative_division)" title="Sector (administrative division)">Sector</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous sector">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shire" title="Shire">Shire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate">Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzerainty" title="Suzerainty">Suzerainty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townland" title="Townland">Townland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village" title="Village">Village</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_summer_villages_in_Alberta" title="List of summer villages in Alberta">Summer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_(electoral_subdivision)" title="Ward (electoral subdivision)">Ward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agency_(administrative_division)" title="Agency (administrative division)">Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barony_(county_division)" title="Barony (county division)">Barony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">Burgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exarchate" title="Exarchate">Exarchate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hide_(unit)" title="Hide (unit)">Hide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_(county_division)" title="Hundred (county division)">Hundred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Circle" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Circle">Imperial Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_(territorial_entity)" class="mw-redirect" title="March (territorial entity)">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monthon" title="Monthon">Monthon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_(administrative_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidency (administrative division)">Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residency_(administrative_division)" title="Residency (administrative division)">Residency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_diocese" title="Roman diocese">Roman diocese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seat_(administrative_division)" title="Seat (administrative division)">Seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_(administrative_division)" title="Tenth (administrative division)">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithing" title="Tithing">Tithing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty" title="Viceroyalty">Viceroyalty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-English_terms_or_loanwords" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-English terms or loanwords</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amt" title="Amt">Amt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apskritis" class="mw-redirect" title="Apskritis">Apskritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhsh" title="Bakhsh">Bakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">Barangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashki" class="mw-redirect" title="Bashki">Bashki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezirk" title="Bezirk">Bezirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">Regierungsbezirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comarca" title="Comarca">Comarca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazione" title="Frazione">Frazione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia">Freguesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_(administrative_division)" title="Fu (administrative division)">Fu</a></li> <li>Gemeinde <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (Austria)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (Germany)">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(South_Tyrol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (South Tyrol)">South Tyrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinde_(Switzerland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemeinde (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeente_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Gemeente (disambiguation)">Gemeente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina" title="Gmina">Gmina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hromada" title="Hromada">Hromada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude%C8%9B" title="Județ">Județ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampong" title="Kampong">Kampong</a></li> <li>Kommun/Kunta <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Finland" title="Municipalities of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Sweden" title="Municipalities of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4n" title="Län">Län (Sweden)</a></li> <li>Landskap <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Finland" title="Regions of Finland">Finland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localit%C3%A0" title="Località">Località</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Finland" title="Regions of Finland">Maakunta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Hungary" title="Counties of Hungary">Megye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muban" title="Muban">Muban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukim" title="Mukim">Mukim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj%C3%ABsi_administrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Njësi administrative">Njësi administrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblast" title="Oblast">Oblast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_oblast" title="Autonomous oblast">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okrug" title="Okrug">Okrug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Iran" title="Provinces of Iran">Ostān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poblacion" title="Poblacion">Poblacion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purok" title="Purok">Purok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qark" class="mw-redirect" title="Qark">Qark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raion" title="Raion">Raion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savivaldyb%C4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="Savivaldybė">Savivaldybė</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selsoviet" title="Selsoviet">Selsoviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitio" title="Sitio">Sitio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni%C5%ABnija" class="mw-redirect" title="Seniūnija">Seniūnija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Iran" title="Counties of Iran">Shahrestān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sum_(administrative_division)" title="Sum (administrative division)">Sum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sums_of_Inner_Mongolia" title="Sums of Inner Mongolia">China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BDsla" title="Sýsla">Sýsla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehsil" title="Tehsil">Tehsil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban-type_settlement" title="Urban-type settlement">Townlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vingtaine" title="Vingtaine">Vingtaine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commote" title="Commote">Commote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gau_(territory)" title="Gau (territory)">Gau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heerlijkheid" title="Heerlijkheid">Heerlijkheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komun%C3%AB" title="Komunë">Komunë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ping" title="Köping">Köping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korale" title="Korale">Korale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Finland" title="Provinces of Finland">Län/Lääni</a></li> <li>Landskap <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sweden" title="Provinces of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalaiskunta" title="Maalaiskunta">Landskommun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalaiskunta" title="Maalaiskunta">Maalaiskunta</a></li> <li>Nome <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nome_(Egypt)" title="Nome (Egypt)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Greece" title="Prefectures of Greece">Greece</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagus" title="Pagus">Pagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pargana" title="Pargana">Pargana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plas%C4%83" title="Plasă">Plasă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rreth" class="mw-redirect" title="Rreth">Rreth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satrap" title="Satrap">Satrapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socken" title="Socken">Socken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subah" title="Subah">Subah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syssel" title="Syssel">Syssel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_(administrative_division)" title="Zhou (administrative division)">Zhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in <i>italics</i>. <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Autonomous_types_of_first-tier_administration" title="Template:Autonomous types of first-tier administration">Autonomous administration</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Census_division" title="Census division">Census division</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district" title="Electoral district">Electoral district</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_by_country" title="List of administrative divisions by country">List of administrative divisions by country</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Slavic-language_terms_for_administrative_divisions" title="Template:Slavic-language terms for administrative divisions">Slavic administrative divisions</a></dd></dl></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3957#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3957#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4031110-7">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/007870">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Town&oldid=1258075389">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Town&oldid=1258075389</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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