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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Production_designer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production_designer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Production designer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production_designer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_filmmaking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_filmmaking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Early filmmaking</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="toc-Later_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unrealized_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unrealized_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Unrealized projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unrealized_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Filmography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Filmmaking_credits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmmaking_credits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Filmmaking credits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmmaking_credits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_credits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_credits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Other credits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_credits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Filmmaking_credits_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmmaking_credits_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Filmmaking credits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmmaking_credits_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_credits_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_credits_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Other credits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_credits_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_videos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_videos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Music videos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_videos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Directing_credits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directing_credits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.1</span> <span>Directing credits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directing_credits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Joel Schumacher</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B1" title="جويل شوماخر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جويل شوماخر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CF%8C%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Τζόελ Σουμάχερ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζόελ Σουμάχερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B1" title="جوئل شوماخر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جوئل شوماخر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%97%98_%EC%8A%88%EB%A7%A4%EC%BB%A4" title="조엘 슈매커 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조엘 슈매커" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%87%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ջոել Շումախեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոել Շումախեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9B%D7%A8" title="ג'ואל שומאכר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ואל שומאכר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჯოელ შუმახერი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯოელ შუმახერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEoels_%C5%A0%C5%ABmahers" title="Džoels Šūmahers – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džoels Šūmahers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჯოელ შუმახერი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯოელ შუმახერი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B1" title="جويل شوماخر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جويل شوماخر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC" title="ジョエル・シュマッカー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョエル・シュマッカー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Шумахер, Джоэл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шумахер, Джоэл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%86%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE%DB%95%D8%B1" title="جۆیل شوماخەر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جۆیل شوماخەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Џоел Шумахер – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џоел Шумахер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Joel Schumacher" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American film director (1939–2020)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Joel Schumacher</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Joel_Schumacher_at_Taormina_Film_Fest_2003_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Joel_Schumacher_at_Taormina_Film_Fest_2003_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Joel_Schumacher_at_Taormina_Film_Fest_2003_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Joel_Schumacher_at_Taormina_Film_Fest_2003_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="461" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Schumacher at the 2003 <a href="/wiki/Taormina_Film_Fest" title="Taormina Film Fest">Taormina Film Fest</a> in Italy</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1939-08-29</span>)</span>August 29, 1939<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">June 22, 2020<span style="display:none">(2020-06-22)</span> (aged 80)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">New York City, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology" title="Fashion Institute of Technology">Fashion Institute of Technology</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design" title="Parsons School of Design">Parsons School of Design</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Film director</li><li>producer</li><li>screenwriter</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1970–2020</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Joel T. Schumacher</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span></span>; August 29, 1939 – June 22, 2020) was an American film director, producer and screenwriter. Raised in New York City by his mother, Schumacher graduated from <a href="/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design" title="Parsons School of Design">Parsons School of Design</a> and originally became a fashion designer. He first entered filmmaking as a production and costume designer before gaining writing credits on <i><a href="/wiki/Car_Wash_(film)" title="Car Wash (film)">Car Wash</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sparkle_(1976_film)" title="Sparkle (1976 film)">Sparkle</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz_(film)" title="The Wiz (film)">The Wiz</a></i>. </p><p>Schumacher received little attention for his first theatrically released films, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Shrinking_Woman" title="The Incredible Shrinking Woman">The Incredible Shrinking Woman</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/D.C._Cab" title="D.C. Cab">D.C. Cab</a></i>, but rose to prominence after directing <i><a href="/wiki/St._Elmo%27s_Fire_(film)" title="St. Elmo's Fire (film)">St. Elmo's Fire</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Boys" title="The Lost Boys">The Lost Boys</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Client_(1994_film)" title="The Client (1994 film)">The Client</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Falling_Down" title="Falling Down">Falling Down</a></i>. Schumacher was selected to replace <a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> as director of the <a href="/wiki/Batman_in_film" title="Batman in film">Batman film franchise</a>, and oversaw two of the series' most commercially-oriented entries, <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Forever" title="Batman Forever">Batman Forever</a></i> (1995) and <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman & Robin (film)">Batman & Robin</a></i> (1997). The latter's failure foresaw a steep career decline, although Schumacher continued directing work on smaller-budgeted films, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Tigerland" title="Tigerland">Tigerland</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Phone_Booth_(film)" title="Phone Booth (film)">Phone Booth</a></i>. In 2004, he directed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(2004_film)" title="The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)">The Phantom of the Opera</a></i>, which was released to mixed reviews. His final directorial work was two episodes of <i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Cards_(American_TV_series)" title="House of Cards (American TV series)">House of Cards</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Joel T. Schumacher was born on August 29, 1939, in New York City. His parents were Francis Schumacher, a <a href="/wiki/Baptists_in_the_United_States" title="Baptists in the United States">Baptist</a> from <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville, Tennessee</a>, who died from <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> when Joel was four, and Marian (Kantor), a <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Sweden" title="History of the Jews in Sweden">Swedish Jew</a>. He was raised by his widowed mother in <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_City" title="Long Island City">Long Island City</a>. During his youth, he used <a href="/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysergic acid diethylamide">LSD</a> and <a href="/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine">methamphetamine</a> and started drinking alcohol by age nine. In 1965, he graduated from <a href="/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design" title="Parsons School of Design">Parsons School of Design</a>, after having studied at the <a href="/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology" title="Fashion Institute of Technology">Fashion Institute of Technology</a>, and later became a designer for <a href="/wiki/Revlon" title="Revlon">Revlon</a> in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-life_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the time of his mother's death in 1965, Schumacher stated that his "life seemed like a joke" as he was $50,000 in debt, lost multiple teeth, and only weighed 130 pounds (59 kg). However, in 1970, he stopped using drugs and became employed at <a href="/wiki/Henri_Bendel" title="Henri Bendel">Henri Bendel</a>. He later stated that "I got my self-respect back getting a good day's pay for a good day's work."<sup id="cite_ref-life_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Production_designer">Production designer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production designer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1972, Schumacher served as a costume designer for <i><a href="/wiki/Play_It_as_It_Lays_(film)" title="Play It as It Lays (film)">Play It as It Lays</a></i> and designed the wardrobes of <a href="/wiki/Dyan_Cannon" title="Dyan Cannon">Dyan Cannon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_Hackett" title="Joan Hackett">Joan Hackett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Raquel_Welch" title="Raquel Welch">Raquel Welch</a> for the film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_of_Sheila" title="The Last of Sheila">The Last of Sheila</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1973, he served as a costume designer for <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Sleeper_(1973_film)" title="Sleeper (1973 film)">Sleeper</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Blume_in_Love" title="Blume in Love">Blume in Love</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1974, he served as the production designer of <i><a href="/wiki/Killer_Bees_(1974_film)" title="Killer Bees (1974 film)">Killer Bees</a></i>. He later served as a costume designer for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Time_of_the_Cuckoo" title="The Time of the Cuckoo">The Time of the Cuckoo</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Prisoner_of_Second_Avenue" title="The Prisoner of Second Avenue">The Prisoner of Second Avenue</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Interiors" title="Interiors">Interiors</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-killer_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-killer-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cuckoo_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cuckoo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_filmmaking">Early filmmaking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early filmmaking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1974, Schumacher wrote a script for an eponymous biographic made-for-television movie based on the life of <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Hill" title="Virginia Hill">Virginia Hill</a>. He was selected to serve as the movie's director and started filming on September 9.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, he and Howard Rosenman wrote the script for <i><a href="/wiki/Sparkle_(1976_film)" title="Sparkle (1976 film)">Sparkle</a></i> which later went into production in 1975, and was released in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His original plan for the film was for the film to be a "black <i><a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a></i>", but had to be modest due to the limited budget given to the production by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> According to Schumacher the film represented his "personal fascination" with <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Angela Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tammi_Terrell" title="Tammi Terrell">Tammi Terrell</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Diana_Ross" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was later selected to write the screenplays for <i><a href="/wiki/Car_Wash_(film)" title="Car Wash (film)">Car Wash</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz_(film)" title="The Wiz (film)">The Wiz</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1978, Schumacher was selected to serve as the director of <i>Amateur Night at the Dixie Bar and Grill</i> which was later released in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 31, 1980, he submitted a script for <i><a href="/wiki/A_Chorus_Line_(film)" title="A Chorus Line (film)">A Chorus Line</a></i>, but the film underwent rewrites in <a href="/wiki/Development_hell" title="Development hell">development hell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1979, he was selected to serve as the director of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Shrinking_Woman" title="The Incredible Shrinking Woman">The Incredible Shrinking Woman</a></i>, his first theatrically released film, to replace <a href="/wiki/John_Landis" title="John Landis">John Landis</a>, who had left after <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> had reduced the film's budget.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1981, the film was released to negative reviews, and was a box office bomb.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was initially given a $30 million budget, but it was reduced to $11–13 million although it would later rise to over $20 million due to the cost of special effects.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1983, he directed <i><a href="/wiki/D.C._Cab" title="D.C. Cab">D.C. Cab</a></i> starring <a href="/wiki/Mr._T" title="Mr. T">Mr. T</a>, but later stated that he only worked on the film as he needed a job.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="St._Elmo's_Fire_and_The_Lost_Boys"><span id="St._Elmo.27s_Fire_and_The_Lost_Boys"></span><i>St. Elmo's Fire</i> and <i>The Lost Boys</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: St. Elmo's Fire and The Lost Boys"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1984, Schumacher was selected by <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia Pictures</a> to direct <i><a href="/wiki/St._Elmo%27s_Fire_(film)" title="St. Elmo's Fire (film)">St. Elmo's Fire</a></i> and was secretive during the production of the film.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, he directed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Boys" title="The Lost Boys">The Lost Boys</a></i>. Both films were successful among young people and were his first major critical and commercial successes.<sup id="cite_ref-temp_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following <i>The Lost Boys</i>, Schumacher directed <i><a href="/wiki/Cousins_(1989_film)" title="Cousins (1989 film)">Cousins</a></i> (a remake of the French film <i><a href="/wiki/Cousin_Cousine" title="Cousin Cousine">Cousin Cousine</a></i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Flatliners" title="Flatliners">Flatliners</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dying_Young" title="Dying Young">Dying Young</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Falling_Down" title="Falling Down">Falling Down</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Client_(1994_film)" title="The Client (1994 film)">The Client</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-temp_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batman">Batman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Batman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Schumacher was selected by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> in 1993 to replace <a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> as the director of the Batman franchise. He directed <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Forever" title="Batman Forever">Batman Forever</a></i>, which was a stylistic departure from Burton's <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(1989_film)" title="Batman (1989 film)">Batman</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Returns" title="Batman Returns">Batman Returns</a></i>. <i>Batman Forever</i> was released to mixed reviews, but was more financially successful than <i>Batman Returns</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-temp_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp1_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He later directed <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman & Robin (film)">Batman & Robin</a></i>, which was rushed into production following <i>Batman Forever</i> and was intentionally made <a href="/wiki/Toyetic" title="Toyetic">toyetic</a> and light-hearted to appeal to children and sell merchandise. The film was released to largely negative reviews and did not perform as well at the box-office as any of its predecessors, causing a planned sequel, <i>Batman Unchained</i>, to be cancelled. Schumacher later approached Warner Bros. to pitch concepts for a new Batman movie which were inspired by Frank Miller's graphic novels <i><a href="/wiki/Batman:_Year_One" title="Batman: Year One">Batman: Year One</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_Returns" title="The Dark Knight Returns">The Dark Knight Returns</a></i>, but due to the <a href="/wiki/Box-office_bomb" title="Box-office bomb">box-office bomb</a> of <i>Batman & Robin</i>, along with the negative impact that the film had on his reputation, Warner Bros. refused to let him develop another Batman film.<sup id="cite_ref-Unmade_Batman_Movies_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unmade_Batman_Movies-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schumacher later apologized for the quality of <i>Batman & Robin</i> in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-apologize_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apologize-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp1_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was alleged that Schumacher, a gay man, had added <a href="/wiki/Homoeroticism" title="Homoeroticism">homoerotic</a> elements to the film with the most prominent being the rubber nipples, codpieces, and close-up camera shots of Batman and Robin's buttocks.<sup id="cite_ref-shadow_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shadow-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schumacher stated that the designs of the suits had been based on anatomically correct <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_sculpture" title="Ancient Greek sculpture">Greek statues</a> and medical drawings. However, <a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a>, who played Batman in the film, said in 2005 that Schumacher told him that Batman was gay.<sup id="cite_ref-apologize_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apologize-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_career">Later career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following <i>Batman & Robin</i>, Schumacher directed <i><a href="/wiki/8mm_(film)" title="8mm (film)">8mm</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Flawless_(1999_film)" title="Flawless (1999 film)">Flawless</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tigerland" title="Tigerland">Tigerland</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bad_Company_(2002_film)" title="Bad Company (2002 film)">Bad Company</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Phone_Booth_(film)" title="Phone Booth (film)">Phone Booth</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Guerin_(film)" title="Veronica Guerin (film)">Veronica Guerin</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(2004_film)" title="The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)">The Phantom of the Opera</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Number_23" title="The Number 23">The Number 23</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Creek" title="Blood Creek">Blood Creek</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Twelve_(2010_film)" title="Twelve (2010 film)">Twelve</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Trespass_(2011_film)" title="Trespass (2011 film)">Trespass</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-temp_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp1_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2008, Schumacher directed the music video for American rock band <a href="/wiki/Daron_Malakian_and_Scars_on_Broadway" title="Daron Malakian and Scars on Broadway">Scars on Broadway</a>, for their single "World Long Gone".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, he directed two episodes of the television series <i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Cards_(American_TV_series)" title="House of Cards (American TV series)">House of Cards</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-temp1_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unrealized_projects">Unrealized projects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Unrealized projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Joel_Schumacher%27s_unrealized_projects" title="Joel Schumacher's unrealized projects">Joel Schumacher's unrealized projects</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Schumacher was openly <a href="/wiki/Gay" title="Gay">gay</a> and described himself as "extremely promiscuous", saying in a 2019 interview that he became sexually active at age eleven, estimating that he had sex with between 10,000 and 20,000 men over the course of his life. He said the first person he knew who died from the <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_the_United_States" title="HIV/AIDS in the United States">AIDS epidemic</a>, in 1983, "was not promiscuous", which led Schumacher to believe he would die soon after, recalling that he thought at the time, "If he has it, I must have it quadrupled [...] I was sure I had it, I was planning my death", though he never contracted the disease.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984, Schumacher purchased the horse stables that had belonged to <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Valentino" title="Rudolph Valentino">Rudolph Valentino</a> from <a href="/wiki/Doris_Duke" title="Doris Duke">Doris Duke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schumacher donated to <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> candidates, including multiple congressional campaigns as well as <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a>'s <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign">2004 presidential campaign</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On June 22, 2020, Schumacher died from cancer. Following his death, he was praised by <a href="/wiki/Jim_Carrey" title="Jim Carrey">Jim Carrey</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Matthew_McConaughey" title="Matthew McConaughey">Matthew McConaughey</a> who credited Schumacher with launching his career.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Filmmaking_credits">Filmmaking credits</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Filmmaking credits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Title </th> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th>Director </th> <th>Writer </th> <th>Producer </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th> <th scope="col">Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Sparkle_(1976_film)" title="Sparkle (1976 film)"><i>Sparkle</i></a> </th> <td>1976 </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td>Directed by <a href="/wiki/Sam_O%27Steen" title="Sam O'Steen">Sam O'Steen</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Car_Wash_(film)" title="Car Wash (film)"><i>Car Wash</i></a> </th> <td>1976 </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td>Directed by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Schultz" title="Michael Schultz">Michael Schultz</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz_(film)" title="The Wiz (film)"><i>The Wiz</i></a> </th> <td>1978 </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td>Directed by <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Shrinking_Woman" title="The Incredible Shrinking Woman">The Incredible Shrinking Woman</a></i> </th> <td>1981 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_directorial_debuts" title="List of directorial debuts">Directorial debut</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/D.C._Cab" title="D.C. Cab">D.C. Cab</a> (</i>a.k.a. <i>Street Fleet)</i> </th> <td>1983 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/St._Elmo%27s_Fire_(film)" title="St. Elmo's Fire (film)"><i>St. Elmo's Fire</i></a> </th> <td>1985 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Boys" title="The Lost Boys">The Lost Boys</a></i> </th> <td>1987 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cousins_(1989_film)" title="Cousins (1989 film)"><i>Cousins</i></a> </th> <td>1989 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Flatliners" title="Flatliners">Flatliners</a></i> </th> <td>1990 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Dying_Young" title="Dying Young">Dying Young</a></i> </th> <td>1991 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Falling_Down" title="Falling Down">Falling Down</a></i> </th> <td>1993 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Client_(1994_film)" title="The Client (1994 film)"><i>The Client</i></a> </th> <td>1994 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Forever" title="Batman Forever">Batman Forever</a></i> </th> <td>1995 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/A_Time_to_Kill_(1996_film)" title="A Time to Kill (1996 film)"><i>A Time to Kill</i></a> </th> <td>1996 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman & Robin (film)"><i>Batman & Robin</i></a> </th> <td>1997 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/8mm_(film)" title="8mm (film)"><i>8mm</i></a> </th> <td>1999 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Flawless_(1999_film)" title="Flawless (1999 film)"><i>Flawless</i></a> </th> <td>1999 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Tigerland" title="Tigerland">Tigerland</a></i> </th> <td>2000 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bad_Company_(2002_film)" title="Bad Company (2002 film)"><i>Bad Company</i></a> </th> <td>2002 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Phone_Booth_(film)" title="Phone Booth (film)"><i>Phone Booth</i></a> </th> <td>2002 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Guerin_(film)" title="Veronica Guerin (film)"><i>Veronica Guerin</i></a> </th> <td>2003 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(2004_film)" title="The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)"><i>The Phantom of the Opera</i></a> </th> <td>2004 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Number_23" title="The Number 23">The Number 23</a></i> </th> <td>2007 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Creek" title="Blood Creek">Blood Creek</a></i> </th> <td>2009 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_(2010_film)" title="Twelve (2010 film)"><i>Twelve</i></a> </th> <td>2010 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Trespass_(2011_film)" title="Trespass (2011 film)"><i>Trespass</i></a> </th> <td>2011 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-movies_14-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movies-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i>Man in the Mirror</i> </th> <td>2011 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Short film </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Executive producer</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Babysitter_(1995_film)" title="The Babysitter (1995 film)">The Babysitter</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gossip_(2000_American_film)" title="Gossip (2000 American film)"><i>Gossip</i></a> (2000)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_credits">Other credits</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other credits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th>Title </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Role </th> <th>Director </th> <th>Notes </th> <th>Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Play_It_as_It_Lays_(film)" title="Play It as It Lays (film)">Play It as It Lays</a></i> </th> <td>1972 </td> <td>Costume designer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Perry" title="Frank Perry">Frank Perry</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Blume_in_Love" title="Blume in Love">Blume in Love</a></i> </th> <td>1973 </td> <td>Costume designer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_of_Sheila" title="The Last of Sheila">The Last of Sheila</a></i> </th> <td>1973 </td> <td>Costume designer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Ross" title="Herbert Ross">Herbert Ross</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeper_(1973_film)" title="Sleeper (1973 film)">Sleeper</a></i> </th> <td>1973 </td> <td>Costume designer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Prisoner_of_Second_Avenue" title="The Prisoner of Second Avenue">The Prisoner of Second Avenue</a></i> </th> <td>1975 </td> <td>Costume designer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Frank" title="Melvin Frank">Melvin Frank</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Interiors" title="Interiors">Interiors</a></i> </th> <td>1978 </td> <td>Costume designer </td> <td>Woody Allen </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Welcome_to_Hollywood" title="Welcome to Hollywood">Welcome to Hollywood</a></i> </th> <td>1998 </td> <td>Cameo appearance </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adam_Rifkin" title="Adam Rifkin">Adam Rifkin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a> film </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Halston_(film)" title="Halston (film)">Halston</a></i> </th> <td>2019 </td> <td>Himself </td> <td>Frédéric Tcheng </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Filmmaking_credits_2">Filmmaking credits</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Filmmaking credits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Title </th> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th>Director </th> <th>Writer </th> <th>Executive<br />producer </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th> <th scope="col">Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i>Virginia Hill</i> </th> <td>1974 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td>TV film </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i>Amateur Night at the Dixie Bar and Grill</i> </th> <td>1979 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td>TV film </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp2_31-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i>Now We're Cookin</i> </th> <td>1983 </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>Unsold pilot, directed by <a href="/wiki/Noam_Pitlik" title="Noam Pitlik">Noam Pitlik</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Code_Name:_Foxfire" title="Code Name: Foxfire">Code Name: Foxfire</a></i> </th> <td>1985 </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Creator & Story </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>Creator and producer (8 episodes) / Story (Episode: "Pilot") </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Slow_Burn_(1986_film)" title="Slow Burn (1986 film)">Slow Burn</a></i> </th> <td>1986 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>TV film, directed by <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Chapman_(author)" title="Matthew Chapman (author)">Matthew Chapman</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/2000_Malibu_Road" title="2000 Malibu Road">2000 Malibu Road</a></i> </th> <td>1992 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>5 episodes </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i>Choose or Lose</i> </th> <td>2008 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>TV special </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Cards_(American_TV_series)" title="House of Cards (American TV series)">House of Cards</a></i> </th> <td>2013 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 episodes </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-temp1_30-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i>Do Not Disturb: Hotel Horrors</i> </th> <td>2015 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>3 episodes </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_credits_2">Other credits</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Other credits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Title </th> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Role </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th> <th>Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Killer_Bees_(1974_film)" title="Killer Bees (1974 film)">Killer Bees</a></i> </th> <td>1974 </td> <td>Production designer </td> <td>TV film, directed by <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Harrington" title="Curtis Harrington">Curtis Harrington</a> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-killer_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-killer-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Real_Housewives_of_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Housewives of New York City">Real Housewives of New York City</a></i> </th> <td>2012 </td> <td>Cameo appearance </td> <td>S05E18: "All's Well That Doesn't End Well"</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i><a href="/wiki/Nightcap_(2016_TV_series)" title="Nightcap (2016 TV series)">Nightcap</a></i> </th> <td>2017 </td> <td>Cameo appearance </td> <td>Episode: "Guest in a Snake" </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_videos">Music videos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Music videos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Directing_credits">Directing credits</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Directing credits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Artist </th> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Title </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/INXS" title="INXS">INXS</a> </td> <td>1988 </td> <th scope="row">"<a href="/wiki/Devil_Inside_(INXS_song)" title="Devil Inside (INXS song)">Devil Inside</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-music_video_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-music_video-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lenny_Kravitz" title="Lenny Kravitz">Lenny Kravitz</a> </td> <td>1993 </td> <th scope="row">"<a href="/wiki/Heaven_Help" title="Heaven Help">Heaven Help</a>" (European Version) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seal_(musician)" title="Seal (musician)">Seal</a> </td> <td>1994 </td> <th scope="row">"<a href="/wiki/Kiss_from_a_Rose" title="Kiss from a Rose">Kiss from a Rose</a>" (Version 1)<sup id="cite_ref-music_video_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-music_video-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Smashing_Pumpkins" title="The Smashing Pumpkins">The Smashing Pumpkins</a> </td> <td>1997 </td> <th scope="row">"<a href="/wiki/The_End_Is_the_Beginning_Is_the_End" title="The End Is the Beginning Is the End">The End Is the Beginning Is the End</a>" </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bush_(British_band)" title="Bush (British band)">Bush</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <th scope="row">"<a href="/wiki/Letting_the_Cables_Sleep" title="Letting the Cables Sleep">Letting the Cables Sleep</a>" </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scars_On_Broadway" class="mw-redirect" title="Scars On Broadway">Scars On Broadway</a> </td> <td>2008 </td> <th scope="row">"<a href="/wiki/World_Long_Gone" class="mw-redirect" title="World Long Gone">World Long Gone</a>" </th></tr> <tr> <td>The Killing Floor </td> <td>2012 </td> <th scope="row">"Star Baby" </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53988231/the-corpus-christi-caller-times/">"Young U.S. Designers Say Paris Has Had It"</a>. <i>The Corpus Christi Caller-Times</i>. May 6, 1965. p. 20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200624072232/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53988231/the-corpus-christi-caller-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Corpus+Christi+Caller-Times&rft.atitle=Young+U.S.+Designers+Say+Paris+Has+Had+It&rft.pages=20&rft.date=1965-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F53988231%2Fthe-corpus-christi-caller-times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53988237/hartford-courant/">"They're Egotistical But Lack Confidence"</a>. <i>Hartford Courant</i>. May 19, 1966. p. 38. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200624072234/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53988237/hartford-courant/">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hartford+Courant&rft.atitle=They%27re+Egotistical+But+Lack+Confidence&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1966-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F53988237%2Fhartford-courant%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-life-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-life_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-life_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/22/movies/joel-schumacher-dead.html">"Joel Schumacher, Director of 'St. Elmo's Fire,' Is Dead at 80"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200624074214/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/22/movies/joel-schumacher-dead.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Joel+Schumacher%2C+Director+of+%27St.+Elmo%27s+Fire%2C%27+Is+Dead+at+80&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F06%2F22%2Fmovies%2Fjoel-schumacher-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/jun/23/joel-schumacher-obituary">"Joel Schumacher obituary"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625072407/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/jun/23/joel-schumacher-obituary">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Joel+Schumacher+obituary&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2020%2Fjun%2F23%2Fjoel-schumacher-obituary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53987582/clarion-ledger/">"Schumacher To Design Clothing"</a>. <i>Clarion-Ledger</i>. December 8, 1972. p. 51. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200623065330/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53987582/clarion-ledger/">Archived</a> from the original on June 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clarion-Ledger&rft.atitle=Schumacher+To+Design+Clothing&rft.pages=51&rft.date=1972-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F53987582%2Fclarion-ledger%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53987773/the-los-angeles-times/">"Futuristic 'Sleeper': A Film With Behind-Times Costumes"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. January 1, 1974. p. 62. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200623070428/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/53987773/the-los-angeles-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Futuristic+%27Sleeper%27%3A+A+Film+With+Behind-Times+Costumes&rft.pages=62&rft.date=1974-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F53987773%2Fthe-los-angeles-times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-killer-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-killer_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-killer_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2020/film/news/joel-schumacher-dead-dies-batman-director-1234644961/">"Joel Schumacher, Director of Batman Films and 'Lost Boys,' Dies at 80"</a>. <i>Variety</i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200624073141/https://variety.com/2020/film/news/joel-schumacher-dead-dies-batman-director-1234644961/">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Joel+Schumacher%2C+Director+of+Batman+Films+and+%27Lost+Boys%2C%27+Dies+at+80&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2020%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fjoel-schumacher-dead-dies-batman-director-1234644961%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cuckoo-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cuckoo_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54111786/the-los-angeles-times/">"The Time Of The Cuckoo"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. March 10, 1974. p. 495. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625084224/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54111786/the-los-angeles-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Time+Of+The+Cuckoo&rft.pages=495&rft.date=1974-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54111786%2Fthe-los-angeles-times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54111916/the-tribune/">"Dyan Cannon In Fall Drama"</a>. <i>The Tribune</i>. July 20, 1974. p. 19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625085602/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54111916/the-tribune/">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune&rft.atitle=Dyan+Cannon+In+Fall+Drama&rft.pages=19&rft.date=1974-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54111916%2Fthe-tribune%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54111838/the-los-angeles-times/">"Virginia Hill Filming Starts"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. August 18, 1974. p. 147. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625085601/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54111838/the-los-angeles-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Virginia+Hill+Filming+Starts&rft.pages=147&rft.date=1974-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54111838%2Fthe-los-angeles-times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54112132/kenosha-news/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Sparkle' set"</a>. <i>Kenosha News</i>. June 26, 1974. p. 33. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625091837/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54112132/kenosha-news/">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kenosha+News&rft.atitle=%27Sparkle%27+set&rft.pages=33&rft.date=1974-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54112132%2Fkenosha-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54112134/the-atlanta-constitution/">"Shooting Starts On 'Sparkle'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Atlanta Constitution</i>. May 25, 1975. p. 157. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625091841/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54112134/the-atlanta-constitution/">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlanta+Constitution&rft.atitle=Shooting+Starts+On+%27Sparkle%27&rft.pages=157&rft.date=1975-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54112134%2Fthe-atlanta-constitution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54167395/the-los-angeles-times/">"To Schumacher, Black Is Bankable"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. June 2, 1976. p. 82. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200626044127/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54167395/the-los-angeles-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=To+Schumacher%2C+Black+Is+Bankable&rft.pages=82&rft.date=1976-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54167395%2Fthe-los-angeles-times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-movies-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-movies_14-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulture.com/2020/06/joel-schumachers-movies-where-you-can-stream-them.html">"Where to Stream the Films of Joel Schumacher"</a>. <i>Vulture</i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627002509/https://www.vulture.com/2020/06/joel-schumachers-movies-where-you-can-stream-them.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vulture&rft.atitle=Where+to+Stream+the+Films+of+Joel+Schumacher&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulture.com%2F2020%2F06%2Fjoel-schumachers-movies-where-you-can-stream-them.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54221539/the-los-angeles-times/">"Amateur Night Director"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. May 29, 1978. p. 40. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627215413/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54221539/the-los-angeles-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Amateur+Night+Director&rft.pages=40&rft.date=1978-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54221539%2Fthe-los-angeles-times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54221547/austin-american-statesman/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Amateur Night' no challenge to viewer"</a>. <i>Austin American-Statesman</i>. January 8, 1979. p. 23. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627215428/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54221547/austin-american-statesman/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Austin+American-Statesman&rft.atitle=%27Amateur+Night%27+no+challenge+to+viewer&rft.pages=23&rft.date=1979-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54221547%2Faustin-american-statesman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/457680/Amateur-Night-at-the-Dixie-Bar-and-Grill/">"AMATEUR NIGHT AT THE DIXIE BAR AND GRILL(1979)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627215615/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/457680/Amateur-Night-at-the-Dixie-Bar-and-Grill/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=AMATEUR+NIGHT+AT+THE+DIXIE+BAR+AND+GRILL%281979%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcm.com%2Ftcmdb%2Ftitle%2F457680%2FAmateur-Night-at-the-Dixie-Bar-and-Grill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54292892/the-los-angeles-times/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'A Chorus Line' – Still No Movie"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. June 20, 1982. p. 273. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200628025008/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54292892/the-los-angeles-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=%27A+Chorus+Line%27+%E2%80%93+Still+No+Movie&rft.pages=273&rft.date=1982-06-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54292892%2Fthe-los-angeles-times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54396602/the-philadelphia-inquirer/">"3d studio takes on 'A Chorus Line'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Philadelphia Inquirer</i>. May 8, 1983. p. 103. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200629181415/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54396602/the-philadelphia-inquirer/">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 29,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philadelphia+Inquirer&rft.atitle=3d+studio+takes+on+%27A+Chorus+Line%27&rft.pages=103&rft.date=1983-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54396602%2Fthe-philadelphia-inquirer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54221624/daily-news/">"The Incredible Shrinking Woman Director"</a>. <i>Daily News</i>. March 23, 1979. p. 77. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627215939/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54221624/daily-news/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=The+Incredible+Shrinking+Woman+Director&rft.pages=77&rft.date=1979-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54221624%2Fdaily-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54275086/pittsburgh-post-gazette/">"Schumacher replaces Landis"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>. January 13, 1981. p. 22. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627222812/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54275086/pittsburgh-post-gazette/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Schumacher+replaces+Landis&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1981-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54275086%2Fpittsburgh-post-gazette%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_incredible_shrinking_woman">"THE INCREDIBLE SHRINKING WOMAN (LA INCREÍBLE MUJER DIMINUTA)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=THE+INCREDIBLE+SHRINKING+WOMAN+%28LA+INCRE%C3%8DBLE+MUJER+DIMINUTA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fthe_incredible_shrinking_woman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2589689345/weekend/">"The Incredible Shrinking Woman Box Office"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Incredible+Shrinking+Woman+Box+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Frelease%2Frl2589689345%2Fweekend%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54275849/the-philadelphia-inquirer/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Shrinking' role may restore her confidence"</a>. <i>The Philadelphia Inquirer</i>. January 20, 1981. p. 21. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627224104/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54275849/the-philadelphia-inquirer/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philadelphia+Inquirer&rft.atitle=%27Shrinking%27+role+may+restore+her+confidence&rft.pages=21&rft.date=1981-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54275849%2Fthe-philadelphia-inquirer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54275928/the-cincinnati-enquirer/">"Budget For New Tomlin Film Grows"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. June 23, 1980. p. 17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627224148/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54275928/the-cincinnati-enquirer/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Budget+For+New+Tomlin+Film+Grows&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1980-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54275928%2Fthe-cincinnati-enquirer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/film-damaged-goods-in-the-shop-window-hes-upset-americas-hispanics-and-koreans-and-hes-not-exactly-2316770.html">"FILM / Damaged goods in the shop window: He's upset America's Hispanics and Koreans, and he's not exactly the toast of Los Angeles. Is Joel Schumacher sorry? Is he hell. Sheila Johnston reports"</a>. <i>Independent</i>. May 29, 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200628195615/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/film-damaged-goods-in-the-shop-window-hes-upset-americas-hispanics-and-koreans-and-hes-not-exactly-2316770.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Independent&rft.atitle=FILM+%2F+Damaged+goods+in+the+shop+window%3A+He%27s+upset+America%27s+Hispanics+and+Koreans%2C+and+he%27s+not+exactly+the+toast+of+Los+Angeles.+Is+Joel+Schumacher+sorry%3F+Is+he+hell.+Sheila+Johnston+reports&rft.date=1993-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Ffilm-damaged-goods-in-the-shop-window-hes-upset-americas-hispanics-and-koreans-and-hes-not-exactly-2316770.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54397293/daily-news/">"St. Elmo's Fire"</a>. <i>Daily News</i>. March 30, 1984. p. 95. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200629232539/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54397293/daily-news/">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 29,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=St.+Elmo%27s+Fire&rft.pages=95&rft.date=1984-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54397293%2Fdaily-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54397298/daily-news/">"Secretive production"</a>. <i>Daily News</i>. July 9, 1984. p. 72. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200629232539/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54397298/daily-news/">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 29,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=Secretive+production&rft.pages=72&rft.date=1984-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54397298%2Fdaily-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-temp-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-temp_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/22/entertainment/joel-schumacher-obit/index.html">"Joel Schumacher, director of Batman movies and 'St. Elmo's Fire,' dead at 80"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200628200430/https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/22/entertainment/joel-schumacher-obit/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Joel+Schumacher%2C+director+of+Batman+movies+and+%27St.+Elmo%27s+Fire%2C%27+dead+at+80&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2020%2F06%2F22%2Fentertainment%2Fjoel-schumacher-obit%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-temp1-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-temp1_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp1_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp1_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp1_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp1_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp1_30-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp1_30-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/joel-schumacher-dead-batman-robin-st-elmos-fire-flatliners-director-was-80-1137490">"Joel Schumacher, Director With a Flair for the Distinctive, Dies at 80"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200628200430/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/joel-schumacher-dead-batman-robin-st-elmos-fire-flatliners-director-was-80-1137490">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Joel+Schumacher%2C+Director+With+a+Flair+for+the+Distinctive%2C+Dies+at+80&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Fjoel-schumacher-dead-batman-robin-st-elmos-fire-flatliners-director-was-80-1137490&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-temp2-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-temp2_31-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/tributes/joel-schumacher-1939-2020">"Joel Schumacher: 1939–2020"</a>. <i>Roger Ebert</i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200628200435/https://www.rogerebert.com/tributes/joel-schumacher-1939-2020">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Roger+Ebert&rft.atitle=Joel+Schumacher%3A+1939%E2%80%932020&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Ftributes%2Fjoel-schumacher-1939-2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/showdowns/chart/?id=batmanvs.htm">"Batman Battle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921074329/http://boxofficemojo.com/showdowns/chart/?id=batmanvs.htm">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=Batman+Battle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fshowdowns%2Fchart%2F%3Fid%3Dbatmanvs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Unmade_Batman_Movies-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Unmade_Batman_Movies_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warpedfactor.com/2014/09/8-unmade-batman-movies.html">"8 Unmade BATMAN Movies"</a>. <i>warpedfactor</i>. October 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=warpedfactor&rft.atitle=8+Unmade+BATMAN+Movies&rft.date=2019-10-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.warpedfactor.com%2F2014%2F09%2F8-unmade-batman-movies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apologize-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-apologize_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-apologize_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/xw8vpk/twenty-years-later-joel-schumacher-is-very-sorry-about-batman-and-robin">"Twenty Years Later, Joel Schumacher Is Very Sorry About 'Batman & Robin'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Vice</i>. June 12, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625082428/https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/qjdv7m/coronavirus-has-led-to-a-surge-in-popularity-for-the-2011-movie-contagion">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=Twenty+Years+Later%2C+Joel+Schumacher+Is+Very+Sorry+About+%27Batman+%26+Robin%27&rft.date=2017-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen_ca%2Farticle%2Fxw8vpk%2Ftwenty-years-later-joel-schumacher-is-very-sorry-about-batman-and-robin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shadow-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shadow_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joel Schumacher, Peter MacGregor-Scott, <a href="/wiki/Chris_O%27Donnell" title="Chris O'Donnell">Chris O'Donnell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Val_Kilmer" title="Val Kilmer">Val Kilmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uma_Thurman" title="Uma Thurman">Uma Thurman</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Glover_(actor)" title="John Glover (actor)">John Glover</a>, <i>Shadows of the Bat: The Cinematic Saga of the Dark Knight Part 6-Batman Unbound</i>, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Home_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Home Video">Warner Home Video</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2005/scene/markets-festivals/happy-to-sign-off-1117925178/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Happy' to sign off"</a>. <i>Variety</i>. June 27, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200625082309/https://variety.com/2005/scene/markets-festivals/happy-to-sign-off-1117925178/">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=%27Happy%27+to+sign+off&rft.date=2005-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2005%2Fscene%2Fmarkets-festivals%2Fhappy-to-sign-off-1117925178%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080822113956/http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=103151">"Scars On Broadway Taps Joel Schumacher For 'World Long Gone' Video Shoot"</a>. <i>Blabbermouth.net</i>. August 22, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.Net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=103151">the original</a> on August 22, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Blabbermouth.net&rft.atitle=Scars+On+Broadway+Taps+Joel+Schumacher+For+%27World+Long+Gone%27+Video+Shoot&rft.date=2008-08-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roadrunnerrecords.com%2Fblabbermouth.Net%2Fnews.aspx%3Fmode%3DArticle%26newsitemID%3D103151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulture.com/2020/06/joel-schumacher-in-conversation.html">"In Conversation: Joel Schumacher After five decades in Hollywood, the director has plenty of stories — but don't expect him to kiss and tell"</a>. <i>Vulture</i>. June 22, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200626233254/https://www.vulture.com/2020/06/joel-schumacher-in-conversation.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vulture&rft.atitle=In+Conversation%3A+Joel+Schumacher+After+five+decades+in+Hollywood%2C+the+director+has+plenty+of+stories+%E2%80%94+but+don%27t+expect+him+to+kiss+and+tell.&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulture.com%2F2020%2F06%2Fjoel-schumacher-in-conversation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54397705/the-south-bend-tribune/">"Rudolph Valentino"</a>. <i>The South Bend Tribune</i>. September 7, 1984. p. 40. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200629183320/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54397705/the-south-bend-tribune/">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 29,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+South+Bend+Tribune&rft.atitle=Rudolph+Valentino&rft.pages=40&rft.date=1984-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54397705%2Fthe-south-bend-tribune%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opensecrets.org/donor-lookup/results?name=Joel+Schumacher">"Donor Lookup"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200627214659/https://www.opensecrets.org/donor-lookup/results?name=Joel+Schumacher">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Donor+Lookup&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opensecrets.org%2Fdonor-lookup%2Fresults%3Fname%3DJoel%2BSchumacher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2548707/jim-carrey-matthew-mcconaughey-and-more-pay-tribute-to-batman-director-joel-schumacher">"Jim Carrey, Matthew McConaughey And More Pay Tribute To Batman Director Joel Schumacher"</a>. <i>Cinema Blend</i>. June 23, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200624074011/https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2548707/jim-carrey-matthew-mcconaughey-and-more-pay-tribute-to-batman-director-joel-schumacher">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cinema+Blend&rft.atitle=Jim+Carrey%2C+Matthew+McConaughey+And+More+Pay+Tribute+To+Batman+Director+Joel+Schumacher&rft.date=2020-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinemablend.com%2Fnews%2F2548707%2Fjim-carrey-matthew-mcconaughey-and-more-pay-tribute-to-batman-director-joel-schumacher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54292241/the-indianapolis-star/">"Now We're Cookin"</a>. <i>The Indianapolis Star</i>. February 20, 1982. p. 33. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200628025008/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54292892/the-los-angeles-times/">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indianapolis+Star&rft.atitle=Now+We%27re+Cookin&rft.pages=33&rft.date=1982-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F54292241%2Fthe-indianapolis-star%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-music_video-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-music_video_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-music_video_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-53144082">"Joel Schumacher: Stars remember 'creative and heroic' Lost Boys director"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. June 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Joel+Schumacher%3A+Stars+remember+%27creative+and+heroic%27+Lost+Boys+director&rft.date=2020-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fentertainment-arts-53144082&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoel+Schumacher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Schumacher&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Joel_Schumacher" title="Template:Joel Schumacher"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Joel_Schumacher" title="Template talk:Joel Schumacher"><abbr 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Cab">D.C. Cab</a></i> (1983, also wrote)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/St._Elmo%27s_Fire_(film)" title="St. Elmo's Fire (film)">St. Elmo's Fire</a></i> (1985, also wrote)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Boys" title="The Lost Boys">The Lost Boys</a></i> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Cousins_(1989_film)" title="Cousins (1989 film)">Cousins</a></i> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Flatliners" title="Flatliners">Flatliners</a></i> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dying_Young" title="Dying Young">Dying Young</a></i> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Falling_Down" title="Falling Down">Falling Down</a></i> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Client_(1994_film)" title="The Client (1994 film)">The Client</a></i> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_Forever" title="Batman Forever">Batman Forever</a></i> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Time_to_Kill_(1996_film)" title="A Time to Kill (1996 film)">A Time to Kill</a></i> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman & Robin (film)">Batman & Robin</a></i> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/8mm_(film)" title="8mm (film)">8mm</a></i> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Flawless_(1999_film)" title="Flawless (1999 film)">Flawless</a></i> (1999, also wrote)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Tigerland" title="Tigerland">Tigerland</a></i> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bad_Company_(2002_film)" title="Bad Company (2002 film)">Bad Company</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Phone_Booth_(film)" title="Phone Booth (film)">Phone Booth</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Guerin_(film)" title="Veronica Guerin (film)">Veronica Guerin</a></i> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(2004_film)" title="The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)">The Phantom of the Opera</a></i> (2004, also wrote)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Number_23" title="The Number 23">The Number 23</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Creek" title="Blood Creek">Blood Creek</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Twelve_(2010_film)" title="Twelve (2010 film)">Twelve</a></i> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Trespass_(2011_film)" title="Trespass (2011 film)">Trespass</a></i> (2011)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Written only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sparkle_(1976_film)" title="Sparkle (1976 film)">Sparkle</a></i> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Car_Wash_(film)" title="Car Wash (film)">Car Wash</a></i> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz_(film)" title="The Wiz (film)">The Wiz</a></i> (1978)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Schumacher%27s_unrealized_projects" title="Joel Schumacher's unrealized projects">Unrealized projects</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director52" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FFA07A"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director52" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director">AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2002)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joel Schumacher</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gilroy" title="Tony Gilroy">Tony Gilroy</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Daldry" title="Stephen Daldry">Stephen Daldry</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baz_Luhrmann" title="Baz Luhrmann">Baz Luhrmann</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Audiard" title="Jacques Audiard">Jacques Audiard</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295207#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2986" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295207#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2986" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295207#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000117002668">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/115929339">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/304555/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJv4jW8gFthRBGkwmwG8md">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/120920360">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n92054665">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13175667b">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13175667b">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Schumacher, Joel"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV092894">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36033142">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0026901&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1110432">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1456568">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073098736">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90896155">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200702448">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810664127905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007428849805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058513582206706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA11207441?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/66a08040-f503-49f9-ba60-c1443742df62">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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