CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135bc5bf9f55cd6',cH: 'p6zNyF4iUaxNkxdqIecK_78tGTYdd_imZBX9w52NfIQ-1739794871-1.2.1.1-1NQ0FkxLAZJpyNZWbkMlOeqznkum7YknxfnY1RA6YcqCLp0CN1tcM0vwG7Qy.BLi',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=technology%20implementation&__cf_chl_tk=bxWG6UTOkFWWwm91UMrnMTcvxPlD2NUIJovAx6ZalJ4-1739794871-1.0.1.1-Yr4U_4nU.0Da578vbetoN1bzJIt3qiecuIrBbAIgZek",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739794871',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=technology%20implementation&__cf_chl_f_tk=bxWG6UTOkFWWwm91UMrnMTcvxPlD2NUIJovAx6ZalJ4-1739794871-1.0.1.1-Yr4U_4nU.0Da578vbetoN1bzJIt3qiecuIrBbAIgZek",md: "CQGEuuF8bOaX6sLNopQkivs7.VLc3W8qRszIRsMhBaQ-1739794871-1.2.1.1-VUAhMPhiLP.KZxo4IvBUao9IMe8ar13Fr.Xi8derKoO1iYLHPdnnGM2IK0S_psaHXARsKY7mQmnFf2Z8AoEnoqpE53yimcZhVyg70f4TjufJfNna_rTtc9AYjgILKU.P2dWvLlPgaZ51_VlM3ZImKNmf48gXTHcVREDMdrWy.WMvHXxh8sSxMI_AjPZ8lmKptnvkMBEC7o9I.s_FsZasYTFlEPtoODNv_3DbAb6w.EYrI.7i5CZBz04LMOv0TcfB7NPX6bHvvoe.ajCLRPEdPRd_srXsCMw0ow3CeT9C2iYo659M_RYqGyPhfP1v8KjKuT7JfSaIeexADYsOFjAMK6BHZpy1pLHqhI2fny5BpFzaDbCLuOOCHqUrmdvzpCVdiqPDF6J0GwCPFLzppbrDCNmt6saWmA8w1ghskLIFbUQBpY_UCNn9WfWcavokW7uY_QV5E2UsViZVvEpgvbvoRAlOPMb9oZd2Pq7kUZh.WS9maszo_iFQUaw4SHrAIyFy6ExxdF5SA1YhHKnx4oFce.GRefiEcUIZu4CuWHnTkw3wRf6OL.se4ej9Z6BiAMBsxoUjO0LGOO84Is_g4RCcxiaqw6OrCX2OHjBDLbQPBqR0GpvgyzPs1ksVHv7B5uGu1I43_3kGz0NTw6O_T5U0hkm6vJcNiUrv.OACbHXOk3970ydb_mTAq2eZfGY7VwZ13TpZHGN9jjjywHJwYRnwFKKbKcPrcELAgFtJEeWuaJumeAEhs1.z5EkxxG_F6U9Kfk3d08hOBYMouaX4CLGWP8HFGboSX7k9NfMZSdQ2f6We2euTEzkNM1xWHClVZgu0sapc.V76FzQYBuXt13GEQ_baa0qunpmBOFFCg1qSZTQZcITgZVHDoKwgY4DURT92oxGz9zAExG0tzlxnYddTXqe2GAj9omzOE5xsi43FmYLbt3jCX2UPAEe71mt.KFDN0Z9VGRgwFD25uDcXXc4W24u_v8L3KSAIIyCBMFyr_ZHeSJ50o5FD5ttOG51vpZp8JGNxCwFSdVkAIUPx0B.LSk1aLJaPUu5WPwT43YchnfiSSP7elswXLmoGuBQnk96pwAcFTT5IVcRvJVjI51KHSw4H9lEZOI5YU8phTzEBiGdHzzZdQ8p2FnasogsrtngGqpDWp9cRMXUYMsVLfgAb23BjyVyXoK.PedEv.Axl8JOV23vOoDEhyv1w1GH_VOYmhrKTZjW6x0Lr_sZrMwlQbWgEYLrrf.Vm6n2bR8u1MeWaFzcAGpnLltE8rXOqMpnsHcikCxDXQ25H42Aa9JAAIVA1ZYKmjZ_c4Yhgi97sZYT4.gDUp82wi2kgQ5BWK_vjNoz26XiowqflcEQChqWmj9Nb5nVfk17GEhfEQI3wzZb4_EAy22xDwfHiOsnJuZPt5kawqYKXCGDOejPaPyS3qYjYXtv5Qbqy35kDTtYk_EW4MAwaddNy.IeUyJMNgbDZR.qAL1XnG6xuarjhzYMrTgA2YFOjvF8OoXAi6aQZcqHvNMva5g.kEm_AiiXbmW5FbPJP9LBkMJS24dC0PNPbtZuJDN9YdsSJsONRZ4AgDjzQQjdQeniuDkiIQar2CSLi.6V0i70ffdUIAxTfBrXbowDSB9aEd_H4w_b2tnS4Tw7CfipmTcMSto4Uj_e2KBDCajZ8A1otga61VwHGOjmsUd9ImHuZuMH82BoZtOWMFNeMgL4i6TmEdtTPa4CPO7hqQltawCf73APHlOXV6UOmDJkFWv8Rlz0QplKM6tVkYW76B6nV2FQz3FNNN26cCQd.mPoQg1TQhTAKg62ViZ5iKTP0PxTmQ5xC4hMss1uTEmZ95VqKF0ioGND4QrkADgtKOzVWR1R2vlEUBlkGQcSRS2PceNNzeivH6uNXvFmz9RSFvR0ATV0byHqRJ7mNtOWciV8O_DY_9R.M7koVqg542BtyNDPy71QQTf7lmdlDgk4A3z1NCn_oU4Z8Dp04N3gZ",mdrd: "xkuOMzZCWVOFZtwbdKQFCaVWQzXcey6.ulQxBC7Pezw-1739794871-1.2.1.1-O.0QTBKPnJzk5TRIFocEDUfC1suR.b8vKb.VnzKcjY4DHHgXlxr0RBVTWFRJ7J6Gogoq0ygPxqHeBpVOtmri8qBt6GHuQVtJaJ35DkeGlzPYjMO71xMVyX.zruVyNtUIuV5uT0Vnt11xxrdd.HJo4K3s5AkmSANax.NwdRQqDhkwRuUgHTUN_BiB9DoIRVWaD.W1pQC2YhmXCoDfXZsaCEGU78kFjrgDGnC7a__PA2V9SO8F4oL0rHl1hpxWFL8N459mlqaS0IgWMzFNjiDbwKUlmBhlh6JjU01.bxFnvvMGVYz3UB3IgIxTZxR4bMy3xYqxSlP1dTnqkLj51eQtt_McTLJZNAyvkjsDNnJ2kq_XAlCPuRjXNao_W87KhS2P3nUycMHAO0CQdQi3ytAjvGIJ3Yr589zwUaz5beRP5a5Uqg8TCq7mcZx.1GJh3K29Rf9Lm.4i41IqMDgIO43Nafd8e_fqBjQXC7vUWp2YJRp_Sp153LdNnLg0._cb6WFgrPLmtKaluLpV0e1WOjqXqfbp4sNBXSUZzr_pfUERCk34ZQCaM6zho3jcttU1.MNtFC8txK7LguCrp_0RyNfjjlDuWOeRnLwK4KB5REK_YfjNybe_pLll35CuDz9Q5LLM6q.Bk9spWJseSDaNTcrHexwJnebRp9XT1I50b.2zzp76X54K.C3jaLGNXj0GVdTJUPKJMmrcG5_PL6.nEQnK_nR81So2g7BkSeEmljnM5hY4nZE9LnmGhKTc445gsgdTJVKqoLylDSHeuWa.bfSW9CsacPVyQave4fTQkHUlFRomWJpmQtLf8kQLl9mm9FVNcdDWBp8RkbQqThH44mNKaEohdRewPNPWK8tVLNNlu_MHY0CwLsE9CTEza2knDuckqLi0Adz95auawjYxlwPz_.L5A10pQ7czgKuVDJ_WbPHqy5xPRRL7g2DDhnjfaPE8tYP7aw_OiGKuvrMnBGrfVWju6tC76hb9zePhjh7LVAG6S6bxCRVwR0aOMJiQD08.D6j3xJapI28qjVstoEKGHEmyjHHUW0DZ0lOMtobqRB9PrTtQsF7zzCzWMXhwoCje78kPhPNVQ6u3jnN2uvz3YBwfu8OSFlR8JrAFzIlGScbLU0_LbsiBx0_PvOML01qBOBkHGaatT8w6IoY2CstqZ01174m51IoZKnxegfv80dsWBG5KW53FA5iYdptZr2sIMgkLGtg2d0V2XtEi3Fx00B_pJfXj9gZ3eapk4I6HLGkc2KCt3JexDdB3eyGpoFC0QBW6bA0TGm_6VHx7RrlPGTa5ysB.FsL1GMxVUjeQKbT.tzHEiM8dPEclmzcIlWGYDaR_cO0cu43Y9P6QGNS4PoMe6Cs0RJYWyJsY6P1zr2P9S_tAdAt_M1c5kKidkiYR4Kw23eHYI7rwNId7Udd8eZHJJEEDpkypCejjtQ_TIXf1lLJ.u0dCvtapOA0QQmliGh8o6JBX_xsqqHlSIT5wLnMd60lUr_LsOTU.TcCNaOcMSJcnIBsLcCaF2mE4HFdSqiEkFCPNaeAXN6d_..AG.AJEGzmDUmtY4QzcwlCjT9ejM6Hj1pmyLt1Vc82Fxtgcxrreyj0AfBr5sePklfLHjvJOYUl_ACfh4meLuTaikmUJVvTKvoqgqb1Sz0hHNesqb3wF0.n1ZZPIutzRU9HBg945yo5zbwhNzHJ6iPNk73AbEFm5o_0jU5gC0l0ZV0k021ArrEV4dhKpLBCp0axphWP3o.8IPtK1yu3mWTun_EL3K9rXO9riOBxdTGW4wnm0KydBYedh766rNgIZ7j.vcdEldpMpG64qkrdKqHHSNR._C7tEL3O16dbcgpcdtBTV253WSD1boLUVi5DNXzyFl7dbEf.CixyYP5KbzN_PeS8SGMUdXUJuobcehLffNMV4PZuwu2xMZRP26IHLMPWTI5658V7m_KmA2lmn8mJsSnePIYsYsQG9LAj64B0oReqk"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135bc5bf9f55cd6';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=technology%20implementation&__cf_chl_rt_tk=bxWG6UTOkFWWwm91UMrnMTcvxPlD2NUIJovAx6ZalJ4-1739794871-1.0.1.1-Yr4U_4nU.0Da578vbetoN1bzJIt3qiecuIrBbAIgZek" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>