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id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airframe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airframe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Airframe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airframe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Engine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Engine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Engine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Engine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Armament </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Avionics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avionics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Avionics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avionics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ejection_seat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ejection_seat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Ejection seat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ejection_seat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production_assembly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production_assembly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Production assembly </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production_assembly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Operational history </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Operational history subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-U.S._Air_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Air_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 U.S. Air Force </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._Air_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Taiwan_Strait_Crisis_of_1958" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taiwan_Strait_Crisis_of_1958"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1958 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taiwan_Strait_Crisis_of_1958-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Berlin_Crisis_of_1961" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berlin_Crisis_of_1961"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 Berlin Crisis of 1961 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berlin_Crisis_of_1961-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.3 Vietnam War </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_American_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_American_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.4 North American service </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_American_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistan_Air_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan_Air_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Pakistan Air Force </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan_Air_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rann_of_Kutch_Conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rann_of_Kutch_Conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Rann of Kutch Conflict </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rann_of_Kutch_Conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 Indo-Pakistani war of 1965 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.3 Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1967_Taiwan_Strait_Conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1967_Taiwan_Strait_Conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 1967 Taiwan Strait Conflict </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1967_Taiwan_Strait_Conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_international_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_international_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Other international service </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_international_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NASA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NASA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 NASA </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NASA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_as_space_launch_platform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_as_space_launch_platform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Use as space launch platform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_as_space_launch_platform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 World records </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nicknames" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nicknames"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Nicknames </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nicknames-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flying_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flying_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Flying characteristics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Flying_characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Flying characteristics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Flying_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_problems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_problems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Early problems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_problems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_problems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_problems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Later problems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_problems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-West_German_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_German_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 West German service </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_German_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Normal_operating_hazards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Normal_operating_hazards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Normal operating hazards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Normal_operating_hazards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Safety record </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Variants </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production_summary_table_and_costs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production_summary_table_and_costs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Production summary table and costs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production_summary_table_and_costs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Operators </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(F-104G)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(F-104G)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Specifications (F-104G) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specifications_(F-104G)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Lockheed F-104 Starfighter</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 43 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" > 43 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%81-104_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="إف-104 ستارفايتر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إف-104 ستارفايتر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104" title="Lockheed F-104 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lockheed F-104" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%81-%DB%B1%DB%B0%DB%B4_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="لاکهید اف-۱۰۴ استارفایتر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لاکهید اف-۱۰۴ استارفایتر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9D%ED%9E%88%EB%93%9C_F-104_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0" title="록히드 F-104 스타파이터 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="록히드 F-104 스타파이터" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-104_Starfighter" title="F-104 Starfighter – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-104_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A8" title="F-104 סטארפייטר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="F-104 סטארפייטר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-104_Starfighter" title="F-104 Starfighter – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%E2%80%93104_Starfighter" title="F–104 Starfighter – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="F–104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-104_Starfighter" title="F-104 Starfighter – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-104_(%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%A9%9F)" title="F-104 (航空機) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="F-104 (航空機)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">F-104 Starfighter</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Dutch_F-104G_Starfighter_D-8053.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Dutch Air Force F-104G photographed from the air" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dutch_F-104G_Starfighter_D-8053.jpg/300px-Dutch_F-104G_Starfighter_D-8053.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dutch_F-104G_Starfighter_D-8053.jpg/450px-Dutch_F-104G_Starfighter_D-8053.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dutch_F-104G_Starfighter_D-8053.jpg/600px-Dutch_F-104G_Starfighter_D-8053.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6995" data-file-height="2870" /></a> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Royal Netherlands Air Force</a> F-104G Starfighter in flight, 1963</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_superiority_fighter" title="Air superiority fighter">Air superiority fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter-bomber" title="Fighter-bomber">Fighter-bomber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">National origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Retired from military service; in use with civilian operators as <a href="/wiki/Warbird" title="Warbird">warbirds</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary users</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a><div> <a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">German Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkish Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italian Air Force</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">2,578</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">20 February 1958 (United States)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">4 March 1954 (XF-104)<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p11-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">1969 (USAF) 1975 (US ANG) 1972 (Pakistan) 1997 (Taiwan) 31 October 2004 (Italy)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter">Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_NF-104A" title="Lockheed NF-104A">Lockheed NF-104A</a> <a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">Canadair CF-104 Starfighter</a> <a href="/wiki/Aeritalia_F-104S_Starfighter" title="Aeritalia F-104S Starfighter">Aeritalia F-104S Starfighter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed into</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer/X-27</a> <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-288" title="Lockheed CL-288">Lockheed CL-288</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, <a href="/wiki/Supersonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Supersonic">supersonic</a> <a href="/wiki/Interceptor_aircraft" title="Interceptor aircraft">interceptor</a> which was extensively deployed as a <a href="/wiki/Fighter-bomber" title="Fighter-bomber">fighter-bomber</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>. Created as a <a href="/wiki/Day_fighter" title="Day fighter">day fighter</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a> as one of the "<a href="/wiki/Century_Series" title="Century Series">Century Series</a>" of fighter aircraft for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> (USAF), it was developed into an all-weather <a href="/wiki/Multirole_combat_aircraft" title="Multirole combat aircraft">multirole aircraft</a> in the early 1960s and produced by several other nations, seeing widespread service outside the United States. After a series of interviews with <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> fighter pilots in 1951, <a href="/wiki/Kelly_Johnson_(engineer)" title="Kelly Johnson (engineer)">Kelly Johnson</a>, then lead designer at Lockheed, opted to reverse the trend of ever-larger and more complex fighters to produce a simple, lightweight aircraft with maximum altitude and climb performance. On 4 March 1954, the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed XF-104">Lockheed XF-104</a> took to the skies for the first time, and on 26 February 1958, the production fighter was activated by the USAF. Just a few months later, it was pressed into action during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Second Taiwan Strait Crisis">Second Taiwan Strait Crisis</a>, when it was deployed as a deterrent to Chinese <a href="/wiki/MiG-15" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-15">MiG-15</a> and <a href="/wiki/MiG-17" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-17">MiG-17</a> fighters. Problems with the <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_J79" title="General Electric J79">General Electric J79</a> engine and a preference for fighters with longer ranges and heavier payloads meant its service with the USAF was short-lived, though it was reactivated for service during the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Crisis_of_1961" title="Berlin Crisis of 1961">Berlin Crisis of 1961</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, when it flew more than 5,000 combat sorties. While its time with the USAF was brief, the Starfighter found much more lasting success with other <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> and allied nations. In October 1958, West Germany selected the F-104 as its primary fighter aircraft. Canada soon followed, along with the Netherlands, Belgium, Japan, and Italy. The European nations formed a construction consortium that was the largest international manufacturing program in history to that point, though the Starfighter's export success was marred in 1975 by the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_bribery_scandals" title="Lockheed bribery scandals">bribe payments made by Lockheed</a> to many foreign military and political figures for securing purchase contracts. The Starfighter eventually flew with fifteen air forces, but its poor safety record, especially in <a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">Luftwaffe</a> service, brought it substantial criticism. The Germans lost 292 of 916 aircraft and 116 pilots from 1961 to 1989, its high accident rate earning it the nickname Witwenmacher ("widowmaker") from the German public. The final production version, the <a href="/wiki/F-104S" class="mw-redirect" title="F-104S">F-104S</a>, was an all-weather interceptor built by <a href="/wiki/Aeritalia" title="Aeritalia">Aeritalia</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italian Air Force</a>. It was retired from active service in 2004, though several F-104s remain in civilian operation with Florida-based <a href="/wiki/Starfighters_Inc" title="Starfighters Inc">Starfighter Inc</a>. The Starfighter featured a radical design, with thin, stubby wings attached farther back on the fuselage than most contemporary aircraft. The wing provided excellent supersonic and high-speed, low-altitude performance, but also poor turning capability and high landing speeds. It was the first production aircraft to achieve Mach 2, and the first aircraft to reach an altitude of 100,000 ft (30,000 m) after taking off under its own power. The Starfighter established world records for airspeed, altitude, and time-to-climb in 1958, becoming the first aircraft to hold all three simultaneously. It was also the first aircraft to be equipped with the <a href="/wiki/M61_Vulcan" title="M61 Vulcan">M61 Vulcan</a> autocannon. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background_and_early_development">Background and early development</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background and early development">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed XF-104">Lockheed XF-104</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_XF-104_(modified).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="XF-104 prototype in flight over desert" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Lockheed_XF-104_%28modified%29.jpg/220px-Lockheed_XF-104_%28modified%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Lockheed_XF-104_%28modified%29.jpg/330px-Lockheed_XF-104_%28modified%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Lockheed_XF-104_%28modified%29.jpg/440px-Lockheed_XF-104_%28modified%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1836" data-file-height="1110" /></a><figcaption>The first of the two <a href="/wiki/XF-104" class="mw-redirect" title="XF-104">XF-104</a> Starfighter prototypes</figcaption></figure> Clarence L. "Kelly" Johnson, vice president of engineering and research at <a href="/wiki/Skunk_Works" title="Skunk Works">Lockheed's Skunk Works</a>, visited USAF air bases across South Korea in November 1951 to speak with fighter pilots about what they wanted and needed in a fighter aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p7-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p10-3">[3]</a> At the time, the American pilots were confronting the <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">MiG-15</a> with <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">North American F-86 Sabres</a>, and many felt that the MiGs were superior to the larger and more complex American fighters. The pilots requested a small and simple aircraft with excellent performance, especially high-speed and high-altitude capabilities.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p26-4">[4]</a> Johnson started the design of such an aircraft upon his return to the United States. In March 1952, his team was assembled; they studied over 100 aircraft configurations,<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p8-5">[5]</a> ranging from small designs at just 8,000 lb (3,600 kg),<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p9-6">[6]</a> to large ones up to 50,000 lb (23,000 kg).<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p10-7">[7]</a> To achieve the desired performance, Lockheed chose a small and simple aircraft, weighing in at 12,000 lb (5,400 kg) with a single powerful engine. The engine chosen was the new <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_J79" title="General Electric J79">General Electric J79</a> turbojet, an engine of dramatically improved performance in comparison with contemporary designs.<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p13-8">[8]</a> The small design powered by a single J79, issued Temporary Design Number L-246, remained essentially identical to the prototype Starfighter as eventually delivered. Lockheed designated the prototype Model 083.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992pp12,15-9">[9]</a> Johnson presented his new fighter concept to the United States Air Force on 5 November 1952, and they were interested enough to create a general operational requirement for a lightweight fighter to supplement and ultimately replace the yet-to-fly <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-100" class="mw-redirect" title="North American F-100">North American F-100</a>. Three additional companies were named finalists for the requirement: <a href="/wiki/Republic_Aviation_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Aviation Company">Republic Aviation</a> with the AP-55, an improved version of its prototype <a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-91_Thunderceptor" title="Republic XF-91 Thunderceptor">XF-91 Thunderceptor</a>; <a href="/wiki/North_American_Aviation" title="North American Aviation">North American Aviation</a> with the NA-212, which eventually evolved into the <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-107" title="North American F-107">F-107</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Corporation" title="Northrop Corporation">Northrop Corporation</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_N-102_Fang" title="Northrop N-102 Fang">N-102 Fang</a>, another J79-powered entry. Although all three finalists' proposals were strong, Lockheed had what proved to be an insurmountable head start, and was granted a development contract on 12 March 1953 for two <a href="/wiki/Prototype" title="Prototype">prototypes</a>; these were given the designation "<a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed XF-104">XF-104</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p32-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pace1992pp12–15-11">[11]</a> Work progressed quickly, with a mock-up ready for inspection at the end of April,<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p32-10">[10]</a> and work starting on two prototypes soon after.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p15-12">[12]</a> Meanwhile, the J79 engine was not ready. Both prototypes were instead built to use the <a href="/wiki/Wright_J65" title="Wright J65">Wright J65</a> engine, a license-constructed version of the <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Sapphire" title="Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire">Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p31-13">[13]</a> The first prototype was completed at Lockheed's Burbank facility by early 1954 and <a href="/wiki/Maiden_flight" title="Maiden flight">first flew</a> on 4 March at <a href="/wiki/Edwards_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwards AFB">Edwards AFB</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p11-1">[1]</a> The total time from contract to first flight was less than one year.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Though development of the F-104 was never a secret, only a vague description of the aircraft was given when the USAF first revealed its existence. No photographs of the aircraft were released to the public until 1956, even though the XF-104 first flew in 1954. At the April 1956 public unveiling of the YF-104A, the engine inlets were obscured with metal covers. Visible weapons, including the <a href="/wiki/M61_Vulcan" title="M61 Vulcan">M61 Vulcan</a> cannon, were also hidden.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p20-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p138-16">[16]</a> Despite the secrecy, an artist's rendering of the yet-unseen F-104 appeared in the September 1954 edition of <a href="/wiki/Popular_Mechanics" title="Popular Mechanics">Popular Mechanics</a> that was very close to the actual design.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The prototype made a hop into the air during taxi trials on 28 February 1954 and flew about five feet (1.5 m) off the ground for a short distance, but this was not counted as a first flight. On 4 March, Lockheed test pilot <a href="/wiki/Tony_LeVier" title="Tony LeVier">Tony LeVier</a> flew the XF-104 for its first official flight. He was airborne for only 21 minutes, much shorter than planned, due to landing gear retraction problems.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p16-17-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p37-19">[19]</a> The second prototype was destroyed several weeks later during gun-firing trials when the hatch to the ejector seat blew out, depressurizing the cockpit and causing the pilot to eject in the mistaken belief that a cannon mishap had crippled the aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1991p20-20">[20]</a> Nevertheless, on 1 November 1955 the remaining XF-104 was accepted by the USAF.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1991p131-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_development">Further development</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Further development">edit</a>]</div> Based on the testing and evaluation of the XF-104, the next variant, the YF-104A, was lengthened and fitted with a General Electric J79 engine, modified landing gear, and modified air intakes.<a href="#cite_note-Cacutt1988p159-22">[22]</a> The YF-104A and subsequent models were 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) longer than the XF-104 to accommodate the larger GE J79 engine. The YF-104 initially flew with the GE XJ79-GE-3 turbojet which generated 9,300 pounds of dry thrust (14,800 with afterburner), which was later replaced by the J79-GE-3A with an improved afterburner.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p38-23">[23]</a> Seventeen YF-104As were ordered by the USAF on 30 March 1955 for further flight testing.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p23-24">[24]</a> The first of them flew on 17 February 1956 and, with the other 16 trial aircraft, was soon carrying out aircraft and equipment evaluation and tests. On 1 May 1957 one of the prototypes was destroyed when the ailerons malfunctioned, resulting in the aircraft tumbling wildly. The pilot ejected safely.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Lockheed made several improvements to the YF-104A throughout this testing period, including strengthening the airframe, adding a ventral fin to improve directional stability at supersonic speed, and installing a <a href="/wiki/Boundary_layer_control" title="Boundary layer control">boundary layer control system</a> (BLCS) to reduce landing speed.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p38-23">[23]</a> Problems were encountered with the J79 afterburner; further delays were caused by the need to add <a href="/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder" title="AIM-9 Sidewinder">AIM-9 Sidewinder</a> air-to-air missiles. On 28 January 1958, the first production F-104A to enter service was delivered to the <a href="/wiki/83d_Fighter_Weapons_Squadron" title="83d Fighter Weapons Squadron">83rd Fighter Interceptor Wing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Redesign_for_NATO">Redesign for NATO</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Redesign for NATO">edit</a>]</div> In response to a 1957 German Air Staff Paper asking for a single aircraft to fulfill its fighter, fighter-bomber, and reconnaissance mission requirements,<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p16-27">[27]</a> Lockheed redesigned the entire airframe, including 96 new forgings, additional skin panels, and reinforced landing gear with larger tires and improved brakes. The proposed F-104G (for Germany) "Super Starfighter" featured a more powerful J79-11A engine, a larger tail with powered rudder (the same used on the two-seat F-104B and D), improved blown flaps with a mode for improved maneuverability, electric de-icing equipment for the air intake inlets, and a larger drag chute. Avionics were improved as well, primarily with the <a href="/wiki/Autonetics" title="Autonetics">Autonetics</a> F15A NASARR (North American Search and Range Radar) multi-mode radar and the <a href="/wiki/LN-3_inertial_navigation_system" title="LN-3 inertial navigation system">LN-3 inertial navigation system</a> by <a href="/wiki/Litton_Industries" title="Litton Industries">Litton Industries</a>, the first such system to be placed into operational service. Altogether, these changes increased the amount of external weapons that could be carried to 3,000 lb (1,400 kg), and also allowed the aircraft to fulfill the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> requirement of carrying a 2,000 lb (910 kg) "special store" (nuclear weapon) under the fuselage.<a href="#cite_note-Cacutt1988pp165–166-28">[28]</a> Belgium, the Netherlands, and Italy selected the F-104 soon after as well, and the four European nations set up four production groups to jointly manufacture the F-104G under license. Arbeitsgemeinschaft (ARGE) South consisted of <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt" title="Messerschmitt">Messerschmitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinkel" title="Heinkel">Heinkel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dornier_Flugzeugwerke" title="Dornier Flugzeugwerke">Dornier</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Siebel" title="Siebel">Siebel</a>; ARGE North comprised <a href="/wiki/Hamburger_Flugzeugbau" title="Hamburger Flugzeugbau">Hamburger Flugzeugbau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf" title="Focke-Wulf">Focke-Wulf</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Weserflug" class="mw-redirect" title="Weserflug">Weserflug</a> in Germany, as well as <a href="/wiki/Fokker" title="Fokker">Fokker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aviolanda" title="Aviolanda">Aviolanda</a> in the Netherlands; the West Group was made of <a href="/wiki/SABCA" title="SABCA">SABCA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Avions_Fairey" title="Avions Fairey">Avions Fairey</a> in Belgium; and the Italian Group was formed of <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Aviazione" title="Fiat Aviazione">Fiat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aermacchi" title="Aermacchi">Macchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piaggio_Aerospace" title="Piaggio Aerospace">Piaggio</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Societ%C3%A1_per_Azioni_Costruzioni_Aeronavali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Societá per Azioni Costruzioni Aeronavali (page does not exist)">SACA</a>, and <a href="/wiki/SIAI-Marchetti" title="SIAI-Marchetti">SIAI-Marchetti</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002pp19–21-29">[29]</a> The four groups were contracted to manufacture 210, 350, 189, and 200 F-104G aircraft, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p152-30">[30]</a> In addition, 1,225 J79 turbojets were also produced under license by <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> in Germany, <a href="/wiki/Fabrique_Nationale" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabrique Nationale">Fabrique Nationale</a> in Belgium, and <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a> in Italy.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p154-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p21-32">[32]</a> Canada, who had also chosen the Starfighter to fulfill its NATO obligations, delivered 121 sets of wings, aft fuselages, and tail assemblies built by <a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a> to Europe while it constructed 200 CF-104s with <a href="/wiki/Orenda_Engines" title="Orenda Engines">Orenda</a>-built engines for the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a>. Later the two would also build an additional 110 MAP-funded F-104Gs destined for Europe.<a href="#cite_note-Cacutt1988p166-33">[33]</a> Lockheed for its part built 191 two-seat trainers for both Europe and Canada, as well as supplying spares and technical support.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p154-31">[31]</a> The multinational consortium formed a central coordination office named NASMO (NATO Starfighter Management Office) in <a href="/wiki/Koblenz,_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Koblenz, Germany">Koblenz, Germany</a>, which succeeded in achieving a high level of standardization and cooperation. This was evidenced by an F-104G being assembled in April 1963 at <a href="/wiki/Erding_Air_Base" title="Erding Air Base">Erding Air Base</a> in Germany consisting of components constructed in all four European partner countries. However, this central coordination resulted in long delays in implementing needed modifications and upgrades. Some of the modifications that were proposed during this time, mainly from the Joint Test Force at Edwards AFB in California, were the installation of an arrester hook, a standby attitude indicator, and the emergency engine nozzle closure system.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002pp19–21-29">[29]</a> In all, 2,578 F-104s were produced by Lockheed and under license by various foreign manufacturers.<a href="#cite_note-Matricardi2006p129-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Design">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airframe">Airframe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Airframe">edit</a>]</div> The Starfighter's airframe was all-metal, primarily <a href="/wiki/Duralumin" title="Duralumin">duralumin</a> with some stainless steel and titanium.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p107-35">[35]</a> The fuselage was approximately two and a half times as long as the airplane's wingspan. The wings were centered on the horizontal reference plane, or along the longitudinal centerline of the <a href="/wiki/Fuselage" title="Fuselage">fuselage</a>, and were located substantially farther aft on the fuselage than most contemporary designs. The aft fuselage was elevated from the horizontal reference plane, resulting a "lifted" tail, and the nose was "drooped". This caused the aircraft to fly nose up, helping to minimize <a href="/wiki/Drag_(physics)" title="Drag (physics)">drag</a>. As a result, the <a href="/wiki/Pitot_tube" title="Pitot tube">pitot tube</a>, air inlet scoops, and engine thrust line were all canted slightly from centerline of the fuselage.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p21-36">[36]</a> The F-104 featured a radical wing design. Most jet fighters of the period used a <a href="/wiki/Swept-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Swept-wing">swept-wing</a> or <a href="/wiki/Delta-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta-wing">delta-wing</a>, which balanced aerodynamic performance, lift, and internal space for fuel and equipment. The Lockheed tests determined that the most efficient shape for high-speed <a href="/wiki/Supersonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Supersonic">supersonic</a> flight was a very small and thin, straight, mid-mounted, <a href="/wiki/Trapezoidal_wing" title="Trapezoidal wing">trapezoidal wing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p28-37">[37]</a> Much of the data on the wing shape was derived from testing done with the experimental unmanned <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_X-7" title="Lockheed X-7">Lockheed X-7</a>, which used a wing of a similar shape.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003pp21–22-38">[38]</a> The leading edge of the wing was swept back at 26 degrees, with the trailing edge swept forward by a slightly smaller amount.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p107-35">[35]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_F-104A-15-LO_060928-F-1234S-008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two F-104s flying in formation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lockheed_F-104A-15-LO_060928-F-1234S-008.jpg/220px-Lockheed_F-104A-15-LO_060928-F-1234S-008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lockheed_F-104A-15-LO_060928-F-1234S-008.jpg/330px-Lockheed_F-104A-15-LO_060928-F-1234S-008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lockheed_F-104A-15-LO_060928-F-1234S-008.jpg/440px-Lockheed_F-104A-15-LO_060928-F-1234S-008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1185" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a> F-104A</figcaption></figure> The new wing design was extremely thin, with a thickness-to-<a href="/wiki/Chord_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chord (aircraft)">chord</a> ratio of only 3.36% and an <a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(wing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspect ratio (wing)">aspect ratio</a> of 2.45.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p13-39">[39]</a> The wing's leading edges were so thin (.016 in; 0.41 mm)<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p13-39">[39]</a> that they were a hazard to ground crews. Hence, protective guards were installed on them during maintenance.<a href="#cite_note-pacificaviationmuseum-40">[40]</a> The thinness of the wings required fuel tanks and <a href="/wiki/Landing_gear" title="Landing gear">landing gear</a> to be placed in the fuselage, and the <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_cylinder" title="Hydraulic cylinder">hydraulic cylinders</a> driving the ailerons were limited to 1-inch (25 mm) thickness to fit.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p8-41">[41]</a> The small, highly loaded wing caused an unacceptably high landing speed, even after adding both leading- and trailing-edge <a href="/wiki/Flap_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flap (aircraft)">flaps</a>. Thus, designers developed a boundary layer control system, or BLCS, of high-pressure <a href="/wiki/Bleed_air" title="Bleed air">bleed air</a>, which was <a href="/wiki/Blown_flap" title="Blown flap">blown</a> over the trailing-edge flaps to lower landing speeds by more than 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph), and help make landing safer.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p11-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p22-43">[43]</a> Flapless landings would be without the BLCS engaged, as flaps in the "land" position were required for its operation. Landing without the BLCS engaged was only done in emergencies and could be a harrowing experience, especially at night.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p122-44">[44]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Stabilator" title="Stabilator">stabilator</a> (fully moving horizontal stabilizer) was mounted atop the fin to reduce <a href="/wiki/Inertia_coupling" title="Inertia coupling">inertia coupling</a>. Because the vertical fin was only slightly shorter than the length of each wing and nearly as aerodynamically effective, it could act as a wing-on-<a href="/wiki/Rudder" title="Rudder">rudder</a> application, rolling the aircraft in the opposite direction of rudder input. To offset this effect, the wings were canted downward at a 10° <a href="/wiki/Dihedral_(aircraft)#Anhedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Dihedral (aircraft)">negative-dihedral</a> (anhedral) angle.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p28-37">[37]</a> This downward canting also improved roll control during high-G maneuvers, common in air-to-air combat.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p13-39">[39]</a> The fuselage had a high <a href="/wiki/Fineness_ratio" title="Fineness ratio">fineness ratio</a>. It was slender, tapered towards the sharp nose, and had a small frontal area. The tightly packed fuselage contained the radar, cockpit, cannon, fuel, landing gear, and engine. The fuselage and wing combination provided low drag except at high angle of attack (alpha), at which point <a href="/wiki/Induced_drag" class="mw-redirect" title="Induced drag">induced drag</a> became very high. The F-104 had good acceleration, rate of climb, and top speed, but its sustained turn performance was poor. A "clean" (no external weapons or fuel tanks) F-104 could sustain a 7-<a href="/wiki/G-force" title="G-force">g</a> turn below 5,000 feet with full afterburner. Given the aircraft's prodigious fuel consumption at that altitude and relatively small fuel capacity, such a maneuver would dramatically reduce its time on station.<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p24-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Engine">Engine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Engine">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F104Engine.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="close-up of aircraft engine exhaust" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/F104Engine.JPG/220px-F104Engine.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/F104Engine.JPG/330px-F104Engine.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/F104Engine.JPG/440px-F104Engine.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Detail of F-104G's <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_J79" title="General Electric J79">GE J79</a> turbojet exhaust (red coloring added by <a href="/wiki/Technik_Museum_Sinsheim" title="Technik Museum Sinsheim">Technik Museum Sinsheim</a>, Germany)</figcaption></figure> The F-104 was designed to use the General Electric J79 turbojet engine,<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a> fed by side-mounted intakes with fixed <a href="/wiki/Inlet_cones" class="mw-redirect" title="Inlet cones">inlet cones</a> optimized for performance at <a href="/wiki/Mach_(speed)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mach (speed)">Mach</a> 1.7 (increased to Mach 2 for later F-104s equipped with more powerful J79-GE-19 engines).<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p10-47">[47]</a> Unlike some supersonic aircraft, the F-104 did not have variable-geometry inlets; instead at high Mach numbers excess air was bypassed around the engine. This bypass air also helped cool the engine. Its thrust-to-drag ratio was excellent, allowing a maximum speed well in excess of Mach 2. Available thrust was actually limited by the geometry of the inlet scoop and duct; the aircraft was capable of even higher Mach numbers if the aluminum skin of the aircraft were able to withstand the heating due to air friction. Furthermore, speeds above Mach 2 quickly overheated the J79 engine beyond its thermal capabilities, which resulted in the F-104 being given a design airspeed limitation of Mach 2.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003pp24–25-48">[48]</a> The engine consisted of a 17-stage compressor, an <a href="/wiki/Accessory_drive" title="Accessory drive">accessory drive</a> section, an annular combustion chamber, a three-stage turbine, and an afterburner. The most powerful version of the J79, the J79-GE-19, was rated at 52.8 kN (11,900 lbf) dry thrust and 79.6 kN (17,900 lbf) with afterburner. Bleed air from the compressor's 17th stage was used for a number of purposes: the BLCS, cabin pressurization and air conditioning, hot-air jet rain removal, fuel transfer, canopy and windshield defogging and defrosting, pressure for the pilot's <a href="/wiki/Pressure_suit" title="Pressure suit">anti-G</a> suit, pressurization and cooling of the nose-mounted radar equipment, and purging of gas from the M61 autocannon. The accessory drive ran two hydraulic pumps, two variable-frequency generators, the generator for the tachometer, and pumps for engine fuel and oil.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015pp108,112,114-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p30-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armament">Armament</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Armament">edit</a>]</div> The basic armament of the F-104 was the 20 mm (0.79 in) M61 Vulcan autocannon. As the first aircraft to carry the weapon, testing of the Starfighter revealed issues with the initial version of the M61: the <a href="/wiki/Gatling_gun" title="Gatling gun">Gatling</a>-mechanism cannon suffered problems with its <a href="/wiki/Linked_ammunition" class="mw-redirect" title="Linked ammunition">linked ammunition</a>, being prone to misfeed and presenting a <a href="/wiki/Foreign_object_damage" title="Foreign object damage">foreign object damage</a> (FOD) hazard as discarded links were occasionally sucked into the engine. A linkless ammunition feed system was developed for the upgraded M61A1 installed in the F-104C; the M61A1 has subsequently been used by a wide variety of American combat aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-f_106_delta_dart_m61-51">[51]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-104_Waffenschacht.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="F-104G with open weapons bay showing M61 cannon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/F-104_Waffenschacht.jpg/220px-F-104_Waffenschacht.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/F-104_Waffenschacht.jpg/330px-F-104_Waffenschacht.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/F-104_Waffenschacht.jpg/440px-F-104_Waffenschacht.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1177" /></a><figcaption>Open weapons bay of a <a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">German Air Force</a> F-104G exposing the <a href="/wiki/M61_Vulcan" title="M61 Vulcan">M61 cannon</a></figcaption></figure> The cannon, mounted in the lower part of the port fuselage, was fed by a 725-round drum behind the pilot's seat. With its firing rate of 6,000 rounds per minute, the cannon would empty the drum after just over seven seconds of continuous fire.<a href="#cite_note-militaryfactory-52">[52]</a> The cannon was omitted in all the two-seat models and some single-seat versions including reconnaissance aircraft, with the gun bay and ammunition drum typically replaced by additional fuel tanks.<a href="#cite_note-FrickerJackson1996p47-53">[53]</a> Two AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missiles could be carried on the wingtip stations, which could also be used for fuel tanks. The F-104C and later models added a centerline pylon and two underwing pylons for bombs, rocket pods, or fuel tanks; the centerline pylon could carry a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear weapon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-militaryfactory-52">[52]</a> A "catamaran" launcher for two additional Sidewinders could be fitted under the forward fuselage, although the installation had minimal ground clearance and so rendered the seeker heads of the missiles vulnerable to ground debris. The two F-104S variants added a pair of fuselage pylons beneath the intakes for conventional bomb carriage and an additional pylon under each wing, for a total of nine.<a href="#cite_note-the_aviationist-54">[54]</a> Early Starfighters were also capable of carrying and launching a single <a href="/wiki/MB-1" class="mw-redirect" title="MB-1">MB-1</a> (AIR-2A Genie) rocket-powered nuclear missile using an extending trapeze launcher. This configuration was tested on a single aircraft but was not adopted for service use; however, NASA later used it for launching test rockets.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p15-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Avionics">Avionics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Avionics">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Radar_dish_of_a_F-104_Starfighter.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Museum display of an exposed F-104 radar dish" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Radar_dish_of_a_F-104_Starfighter.JPG/220px-Radar_dish_of_a_F-104_Starfighter.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Radar_dish_of_a_F-104_Starfighter.JPG/330px-Radar_dish_of_a_F-104_Starfighter.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Radar_dish_of_a_F-104_Starfighter.JPG/440px-Radar_dish_of_a_F-104_Starfighter.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1862" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>NASARR <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a> on F-104</figcaption></figure> The initial USAF Starfighters had a basic RCA AN/ASG-14T1 ranging radar, <a href="/wiki/Tactical_air_navigation_system" title="Tactical air navigation system">tactical air navigation system</a> (TACAN), and an AN/ARC-34 UHF radio. The AN/ASG-14 fire control system used a 24-inch (610 mm) pencil-beam radar antenna with two independent sights: one optical and one infrared. Early versions of the radar had a range of approximately 20 miles (32 km) in search mode, with later models reaching up to 40 miles (64 km); the scan pattern was spiral, covering a 90-degree cone. Search mode was usable only above 3,000 feet (910 m) due to ground return effects below that altitude. Track mode was usable within 10 miles (16 km) of the target, which narrowed the scan to 20 degrees and initiated a strobe sweep between 300 and 3,000 yards (270 and 2,740 m) in auto-acquisition mode. The radar also had a third, receive-only mode useful for locking onto sources of interference from <a href="/wiki/Electronic_countermeasures" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic countermeasures">electronic countermeasures</a> (ECM).<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p13-56">[56]</a> In the late 1960s, Lockheed developed a more advanced version of the Starfighter, the F-104S, for use by the Italian Air Force. Similarly to the F-104G, Lockheed produced two main variants of the F-104S: an all-weather interceptor (caccia intercettore, CI) and a strike aircraft (caccia bombardiere, CB). The CI variant received a FIAR/NASARR F15G radar with AIM-7 Sparrow guidance capability; however, the new missile-guidance <a href="/wiki/Avionics" title="Avionics">avionics</a> came at the expense of the M61A1 Vulcan cannon, which was removed to make room. The CB variant was equipped with a FIAR/NASARR R21G-H radar and a radar altimeter for low-level strike missions, retaining the cannon as its only air-to-air weapon.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p51-57">[57]</a> As part of the Aggiornamento Sistema d'Arma (ASA), or "Weapons System Upgrade" in the mid-1980s, both variants were given an ALQ-70/72 ECM and a FIAR/NASARR R-21G/M1 radar with <a href="/wiki/Frequency_hopping" class="mw-redirect" title="Frequency hopping">frequency hopping</a> and <a href="/wiki/Look-down/shoot-down" title="Look-down/shoot-down">look-down/shoot-down</a> capability. The new radar and guidance systems enabled the aircraft to carry the new AIM-9L Sidewinder infrared-guided missile (replacing the older AIM-9B) as well as the AIM-7 Sparrow and the <a href="/wiki/Selenia_Aspide" class="mw-redirect" title="Selenia Aspide">Selenia Aspide</a> radar-guided missiles.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p52-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ejection_seat">Ejection seat</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ejection seat">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Martin-Baker_Mk.7_Ejection_seat_-_F-104_photo_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Martin-Baker Mk.7 ejection seat removed from an F-104G" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Martin-Baker_Mk.7_Ejection_seat_-_F-104_photo_2.jpg/130px-Martin-Baker_Mk.7_Ejection_seat_-_F-104_photo_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Martin-Baker_Mk.7_Ejection_seat_-_F-104_photo_2.jpg/195px-Martin-Baker_Mk.7_Ejection_seat_-_F-104_photo_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Martin-Baker_Mk.7_Ejection_seat_-_F-104_photo_2.jpg/260px-Martin-Baker_Mk.7_Ejection_seat_-_F-104_photo_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Martin-Baker_Mk.7" title="Martin-Baker Mk.7">Martin-Baker Mk.7</a> ejection seat from an F-104G</figcaption></figure> Early Starfighters used a downward-firing <a href="/wiki/Ejection_seat" title="Ejection seat">ejection seat</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Aviation" title="Stanley Aviation">Stanley</a> C-1), out of concern over the ability of an upward-firing seat to clear the "T-tail" <a href="/wiki/Empennage" title="Empennage">empennage</a>. This presented obvious problems in low-altitude escapes, and 21 USAF pilots, including test pilot Captain <a href="/wiki/Iven_Carl_Kincheloe_Jr." title="Iven Carl Kincheloe Jr.">Iven Carl Kincheloe Jr.</a>, failed to escape from their stricken aircraft in low-level emergencies because of it. The downward-firing seat was replaced by the Lockheed C-2 upward-firing seat, which was capable of clearing the tail, but still had a minimum speed limitation of 90 kn (104 mph; 167 km/h).<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p35-59">[59]</a> Many export Starfighters were later retrofitted with <a href="/wiki/Martin-Baker_Mk.7" title="Martin-Baker Mk.7">Martin-Baker Mk.7</a> "zero-zero" (zero altitude and zero airspeed) ejection seats.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Production_assembly">Production assembly</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Production assembly">edit</a>]</div> The Starfighter was designed for production rates of up to 20 airplanes per day from a single assembly line. The entire aircraft was designed for modular assembly and disassembly. The two principal fuselage sections were split along the vertical centerline and completely assembled in two separate halves. All equipment, including wiring and plumbing, was installed inside the two halves before being joined. The wings were then attached with ten bolts plus a <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_fairing" title="Aircraft fairing">fairing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003pp16-19-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Operational history">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._Air_Force">U.S. Air Force</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: U.S. Air Force">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F104-AIM9.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Video vignette of an F-104 destroying a QF-80 target drone with an AIM-9 Sidewinder missile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/F104-AIM9.gif/220px-F104-AIM9.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/F104-AIM9.gif/330px-F104-AIM9.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/F104-AIM9.gif 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="323" /></a><figcaption>F-104 test-firing an <a href="/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder" title="AIM-9 Sidewinder">AIM-9 Sidewinder</a> against a <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">QF-80</a> target drone</figcaption></figure> Although the F-104 was designed as an <a href="/wiki/Air_superiority" class="mw-redirect" title="Air superiority">air-superiority</a> fighter, the United States Air Force's immediate need at the time was for a supersonic <a href="/wiki/Interceptor_aircraft" title="Interceptor aircraft">interceptor</a>. In the late 1950s, the United States government believed it was significantly behind the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a> in terms of <a href="/wiki/Bomber_gap" title="Bomber gap">the size of its jet-powered bomber fleet</a>. In response, the USAF had ordered two interceptors from Convair, the <a href="/wiki/F-102_Delta_Dagger" class="mw-redirect" title="F-102 Delta Dagger">F-102 Delta Dagger</a> and the <a href="/wiki/F-106_Delta_Dart" class="mw-redirect" title="F-106 Delta Dart">F-106 Delta Dart</a>, but both aircraft were experiencing long development delays. The Starfighter's speed and rate-of-climb performance intrigued the Air Force, who pressed the F-104A into service as an interim interceptor with the <a href="/wiki/Air_Defense_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Defense Command">Air Defense Command</a> (ADC), even though its range and armament were not well-suited for the role. On 26 February 1958, the first unit to become operational with the F-104A was the <a href="/wiki/83d_Fighter_Weapons_Squadron" title="83d Fighter Weapons Squadron">83rd Fighter Interceptor Squadron</a> (FIS) at <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton AFB">Hamilton AFB</a>, California.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p15-55">[55]</a> The newly operational aircraft experienced problems with both the J79 engine and M61 cannon, and after three months of service, the unit was grounded following a series of engine-related accidents. The aircraft were then fitted with the J79-GE-3B engine and another three ADC units were equipped with the F-104A. During this time, the Air Force's interest in the Starfighter was waning due to a shift in strategy toward fighters with longer ranges and heavier ordnance loads.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p19-62">[62]</a> As a result, the USAF reduced their orders of the F-104A from 722 to 170,<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p32-63">[63]</a> and the F-104A and F-104B aircraft of the 83rd, <a href="/wiki/56th_Training_Squadron" title="56th Training Squadron">56th</a> and <a href="/wiki/337th_Flight_Test_Squadron" title="337th Flight Test Squadron">337th</a> FIS were handed over to the <a href="/wiki/151st_Air_Refueling_Squadron" title="151st Air Refueling Squadron">151st</a>, <a href="/wiki/157th_Fighter_Squadron" title="157th Fighter Squadron">157th</a> and <a href="/wiki/197th_Air_Refueling_Squadron" title="197th Air Refueling Squadron">197th</a> FIS of the <a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a> (ANG) after less than a year of service with the ADC.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p45-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Taiwan_Strait_Crisis_of_1958">Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1958</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1958">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Second_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Second Taiwan Strait Crisis">Second Taiwan Strait Crisis</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-104_Starfighter_Republic_of_China_Air_Force_342-C-KE-40094.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/F-104_Starfighter_Republic_of_China_Air_Force_342-C-KE-40094.jpg/220px-F-104_Starfighter_Republic_of_China_Air_Force_342-C-KE-40094.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/F-104_Starfighter_Republic_of_China_Air_Force_342-C-KE-40094.jpg/330px-F-104_Starfighter_Republic_of_China_Air_Force_342-C-KE-40094.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/F-104_Starfighter_Republic_of_China_Air_Force_342-C-KE-40094.jpg/440px-F-104_Starfighter_Republic_of_China_Air_Force_342-C-KE-40094.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10236" data-file-height="8499" /></a><figcaption>An F-104G <a href="/wiki/Target_tug" title="Target tug">target tug</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Air_Force" title="Republic of China Air Force">Republic of China Air Force</a> (ROCAF) taking off from <a href="/wiki/Ching_Chaun_Kang_AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ching Chaun Kang AB">Ching Chaun Kang AB</a>, Taichung, Taiwan, in 1969, with a Dart tow target slung under its wing.</figcaption></figure> In August 1958, only a few months after establishing operational readiness with the F-104, the 83rd FIS was assigned to an air defense and deterrence mission in Taiwan after the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> began an intense artillery campaign against the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a> (ROC) on the disputed islands of <a href="/wiki/Quemoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Quemoy">Quemoy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matsu_Islands" title="Matsu Islands">Matsu</a>. Tension between the two forces was high; artillery duels were ongoing since the <a href="/wiki/First_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="First Taiwan Strait Crisis">first crisis in 1954</a> and the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">People's Liberation Army Air Force</a> (PLAAF) had recently relocated 200 MiG-15s and <a href="/wiki/MiG-17" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-17">MiG-17s</a> to airfields on the mainland to fight against the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Air_Force" title="Republic of China Air Force">Republic of China Air Force</a> (ROCAF). According to Colonel Howard "Scrappy" Johnson, one of the F-104 pilots deployed to Taiwan, the Starfighters' presence was so the PLAAF would "track them on their radar screens ... and sit back and scratch their head in awe."<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p22-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p44-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-Scrappy-67">[67]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dafb-c-124-f-104-1958.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A C-124 being loaded with a disassembled F-104 for transport" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dafb-c-124-f-104-1958.jpg/220px-Dafb-c-124-f-104-1958.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dafb-c-124-f-104-1958.jpg/330px-Dafb-c-124-f-104-1958.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dafb-c-124-f-104-1958.jpg/440px-Dafb-c-124-f-104-1958.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="633" /></a><figcaption>An F-104A being loaded onto a <a href="/wiki/C-124" class="mw-redirect" title="C-124">C-124</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton AFB">Hamilton AFB</a> for transport to Taiwan, 1958</figcaption></figure> On 10 September, the first F-104s arrived in Taiwan, delivered disassembled by <a href="/wiki/C-124_Globemaster_II" class="mw-redirect" title="C-124 Globemaster II">C-124 Globemaster II</a> transport aircraft. This was the first time that air transport was used to move fighter aircraft long distances. Within 30 hours of arriving, First Lieutenant Crosley J. Fitton had the first of the 83rd's airplanes in the air, and by 19 September the entire unit was ready for day or night alert status. The F-104 flew a number of supersonic runs between Taiwan and mainland China at speeds up to Mach 2 as an air-superiority demonstration, and though there were no direct enemy engagements prior to withdrawal after a ceasefire was agreed on 6 October, the Starfighter provided a significant deterrent effect. USAF Gen <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Kuter" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurence Kuter">Laurence Kuter</a>, commander-in-chief of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Air_Forces" title="Pacific Air Forces">Pacific Air Forces</a>, reported that the F-104A had "made a tremendous impression on both sides of the Taiwan Strait".<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014pp22-25-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Berlin_Crisis_of_1961">Berlin Crisis of 1961</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Berlin Crisis of 1961">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Crisis_of_1961" title="Berlin Crisis of 1961">Berlin Crisis of 1961</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-104A_151st_FIS_at_Ramstein_AB_c1961.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="F-104A in front of hangar at Ramstein Air Base, West Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/F-104A_151st_FIS_at_Ramstein_AB_c1961.jpg/220px-F-104A_151st_FIS_at_Ramstein_AB_c1961.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/F-104A_151st_FIS_at_Ramstein_AB_c1961.jpg/330px-F-104A_151st_FIS_at_Ramstein_AB_c1961.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/F-104A_151st_FIS_at_Ramstein_AB_c1961.jpg/440px-F-104A_151st_FIS_at_Ramstein_AB_c1961.jpg 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="414" /></a><figcaption>A USAF F-104A of the 151st FIS at <a href="/wiki/Ramstein_Air_Base" title="Ramstein Air Base">Ramstein Air Base</a>, West Germany, in 1961–1962</figcaption></figure> During the Berlin Crisis of 1961, President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> ordered 148,000 <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Guard">United States National Guard</a> and reserve personnel to active duty on 30 August, in response to Soviet moves to cut off Allied access to Berlin. 21,067 individuals were from the ANG, forming 18 fighter squadrons, four reconnaissance squadrons, six transport squadrons, and a tactical control group. On 1 November 1961, the USAF mobilized three more ANG fighter interceptor squadrons. In late October and early November, eight of the tactical fighter units flew to Europe with their 216 aircraft in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Stair_Step&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operation Stair Step (page does not exist)">Operation Stair Step</a>. Because of their short range, 60 F-104As were airlifted to Europe in late November, among them the 151st FIS and 157th FIS. As with the Taiwan crisis three years earlier, the Starfighter did not directly engage any enemy fighters, but its presence provided a powerful air-superiority deterrent; it demonstrated very quick reaction times and exemplary acceleration during practice intercepts, and proved superior to all other fighters in the <a href="/wiki/Theater_(warfare)" title="Theater (warfare)">theater</a>. The crisis ended in the summer of 1962 and the ANG personnel returned to the United States, but the F-104's solid performance helped convince the ADC to recall some F-104s back into active USAF service the following year.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p29-70">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vietnam_War">Vietnam War</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Vietnam War">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighters_of_435th_TFS,_479th_TFW,_at_Udorn_RTAFB,_in_1965.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Row of numerous F-104 aircraft parked on display on airport apron" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighters_of_435th_TFS%2C_479th_TFW%2C_at_Udorn_RTAFB%2C_in_1965.jpg/220px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighters_of_435th_TFS%2C_479th_TFW%2C_at_Udorn_RTAFB%2C_in_1965.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighters_of_435th_TFS%2C_479th_TFW%2C_at_Udorn_RTAFB%2C_in_1965.jpg/330px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighters_of_435th_TFS%2C_479th_TFW%2C_at_Udorn_RTAFB%2C_in_1965.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighters_of_435th_TFS%2C_479th_TFW%2C_at_Udorn_RTAFB%2C_in_1965.jpg/440px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighters_of_435th_TFS%2C_479th_TFW%2C_at_Udorn_RTAFB%2C_in_1965.jpg 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="682" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/479th_Tactical_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="479th Tactical Fighter Wing">479th TFW</a> F-104Cs at Da Nang, 1965</figcaption></figure> The F-104C entered service with USAF <a href="/wiki/Tactical_Air_Command" title="Tactical Air Command">Tactical Air Command</a> (TAC) as a <a href="/wiki/Multirole_combat_aircraft" title="Multirole combat aircraft">multi-role</a> fighter and <a href="/wiki/Fighter-bomber" title="Fighter-bomber">fighter-bomber</a>. The <a href="/wiki/479th_Tactical_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="479th Tactical Fighter Wing">479th Tactical Fighter Wing</a> (TFW) at <a href="/wiki/George_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="George AFB">George AFB</a>, California, was the first unit to be equipped with the type, in September 1958.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p49-71">[71]</a> Commencing with <a href="/wiki/Operation_Rolling_Thunder" title="Operation Rolling Thunder">Operation Rolling Thunder</a>, the Starfighter was used both in the air-superiority and air-support roles. On 19 April 1965 the <a href="/wiki/476th_Tactical_Fighter_Squadron" title="476th Tactical Fighter Squadron">476th Tactical Fighter Squadron</a> (TFS) of the 479th TFW arrived at <a href="/wiki/Da_Nang_AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Da Nang AB">Da Nang AB</a> to help protect US <a href="/wiki/F-105_Thunderchief" class="mw-redirect" title="F-105 Thunderchief">F-105 Thunderchief</a> fighter-bombers against MiG-17s and especially <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21s</a> that were beginning to be flown by the <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_People%27s_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese People's Air Force">Vietnamese People's Air Force</a> (VPAF). The F-104 was also deployed extensively as a <a href="/wiki/Barrier_combat_air_patrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Barrier combat air patrol">barrier combat air patrol</a> (BARCAP) protector for the <a href="/wiki/EC-121" class="mw-redirect" title="EC-121">EC-121</a>D Warning Star <a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning" class="mw-redirect" title="Airborne early warning">airborne early warning</a> aircraft patrolling off the North Vietnamese coast.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p41-72">[72]</a> The F-104s were successful in deterring MiG interceptors and performed well as close support aircraft, though they were largely uninvolved in aerial combat and recorded no air-to-air kills during the conflict.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p62-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-Thompson2004p155-74">[74]</a> The North Vietnamese were well aware of the F-104's performance, and the 479th TFW's pilots felt that the MiGs deliberately avoided engaging them. Twenty-five MiG kills were scored by fighters controlled by <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-121_Warning_Star#Big_Eye" title="Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star">EC-121 Big Eye</a> missions, and their Starfighter escorts played a vital role in ensuring their safety.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p43-75">[75]</a> From the first F-104 deployment in April 1965 to December, Starfighters flew a total of 2,937 combat sorties. These sorties resulted in the loss of five aircraft, one from the 476th TFS, which deployed from April to July 1965,<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p256-76">[76]</a> and four from the <a href="/wiki/436th_Tactical_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="436th Tactical Fighter Squadron">436th Tactical Fighter Squadron</a>, which deployed from July to October 1965.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p255-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-Thompson2004p157-78">[78]</a> One incident on 20 September claimed three F-104s when <a href="/wiki/Philip_E._Smith" title="Philip E. Smith">Captain Philip E. Smith</a> strayed into Chinese airspace and was shot down by a Chinese <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_J-6" title="Shenyang J-6">Shenyang J-6</a>; two more collided in mid-air while searching for Smith's missing jet.<a href="#cite_note-SmithHerz1992pp29–35-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-WindleBowman2011pp38,39-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p32-81">[81]</a> No losses were reported from the <a href="/wiki/435th_Tactical_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="435th Tactical Fighter Squadron">435th Tactical Fighter Squadron</a>'s first deployment from October to December 1965.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p255-77">[77]</a> Starfighters returned to Vietnam when the 435th Tactical Fighter Squadron re-deployed from June 1966 until August 1967.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p255-77">[77]</a> During this time F-104s flew a further 2,269 combat sorties, for a total of 5,206.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p100-82">[82]</a> F-104s operating in Vietnam were upgraded in service with AN/APR-25/26 radar warning receiver equipment.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> One such example is on display in the <a href="/wiki/Air_Zoo" title="Air Zoo">Air Zoo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo,_Michigan" title="Kalamazoo, Michigan">Kalamazoo, Michigan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> During the second deployment, an additional nine aircraft were lost for a total of 14 F-104s lost to all causes in Vietnam. In July 1967, the Starfighter units transitioned to the <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p255-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p269-85">[85]</a> In 1967, these TAC aircraft were transferred to the Air National Guard.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p56-86">[86]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>USAF F-104 Starfighters losses during the Vietnam War 1965–1967 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Model</th> <th>Unit</th> <th>Cause of loss/remarks </th></tr> <tr> <td width="85px">29 Jun 1965 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/476th_TFS" class="mw-redirect" title="476th TFS">476th TFS</a> </td> <td>Shot down by enemy ground fire while providing <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a> (CAS).<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p24-87">[87]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 Jul 1965 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/436th_TFS" class="mw-redirect" title="436th TFS">436th TFS</a> </td> <td>Downed by ground fire while on a CAS mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p25-88">[88]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 Sep 1965 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">436th TFS </td> <td>Downed by <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_J-6" title="Shenyang J-6">PLAN Shenyang J-6</a> (Chinese-built <a href="/wiki/MiG_19" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG 19">MiG 19</a>) cannon fire while on a <a href="/wiki/MIGCAP" class="mw-redirect" title="MIGCAP">MIGCAP</a> mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p32-81">[81]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 Sep 1965 </td> <td>F-104C F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">436th TFS </td> <td>Mid-air collision while conducting air search for earlier <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">PLAN</a>-downed F-104C.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p32-81">[81]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 Aug 1966 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/435th_TFS" class="mw-redirect" title="435th TFS">435th TFS</a> </td> <td>Downed by <a href="/wiki/SA-2" class="mw-redirect" title="SA-2">SA-2 surface-to-air missile</a> (SAM) while on <a href="/wiki/Operation_Iron_Hand" title="Operation Iron Hand">Operation Iron Hand</a> escort mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p69-89">[89]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 Aug 1966 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/435th_TFS" class="mw-redirect" title="435th TFS">435th TFS</a> </td> <td>Downed by SA-2 SAM while on Iron Hand escort mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p69-89">[89]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 Sep 1966 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">435th TFS </td> <td>Downed by anti-aircraft artillery fire (AAA) while on <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">armed reconnaissance</a> mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p72-90">[90]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 Oct 1966 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">435th TFS </td> <td>Downed by SA-2 SAM at 10,000 feet while on armed reconnaissance mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p75-91">[91]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 Oct 1966 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">435th TFS </td> <td>Downed by ground fire during armed reconnaissance mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p78-92">[92]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 Jan 1967 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">435th TFS </td> <td>Operational loss; crashed while landing after a CAP mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p85-93">[93]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 Jan 1967 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">435th TFS </td> <td>Operational loss; engine failure during a CAP mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p86-94">[94]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 Jan 1967 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">435th TFS </td> <td>Operational loss; engine failure during a CAP mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p87-95">[95]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 May 1967 </td> <td>F-104C </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">435th TFS </td> <td>Operational loss; engine failure during armed reconnaissance mission.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p100-82">[82]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_American_service">North American service</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: North American service">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TF-104G_LukeAFB_Nov1982.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Twin-seat TF-104G with both canopies open" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/TF-104G_LukeAFB_Nov1982.jpeg/220px-TF-104G_LukeAFB_Nov1982.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/TF-104G_LukeAFB_Nov1982.jpeg/330px-TF-104G_LukeAFB_Nov1982.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/TF-104G_LukeAFB_Nov1982.jpeg/440px-TF-104G_LukeAFB_Nov1982.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2850" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>A German TF-104G at <a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke AFB</a>, 1982</figcaption></figure> By the late 1950s, USAF fighter doctrine had shifted away from air superiority (fighter against fighter combat) and placed more importance on the interceptor (fighter against bomber combat) and tactical fighter-bomber roles. The F-104 was deemed inadequate for either, lacking both payload capability and endurance in comparison with other USAF aircraft. As a result, the USAF procured only 296 Starfighters, including both single-seat and two-seat versions. During <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Civil_War" title="Dominican Civil War">Operation Power Pack</a>, USAF F-104s were deployed to <a href="/wiki/Ramey_Air_Force_Base" title="Ramey Air Force Base">Ramey Air Force Base</a> to protect the American supply line against potential Soviet-supplied <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Air_and_Air_Defense_Force" title="Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force">Cuban</a> MiGs.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Twelve F-104s were sent to Puerto Rico, where they remained until 3 June 1965.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> The F-104's service with the USAF was quickly wound down after the aircraft's second deployment to southeast Asia in 1967.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p60-98">[98]</a> Although the remaining F-104As in regular USAF service had been recently fitted with more powerful and reliable J79-GE-19 engines, the last USAF Starfighters left regular Air Force service in 1969.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p34-99">[99]</a> The aircraft continued in use with the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Air_National_Guard" title="Puerto Rico Air National Guard">Puerto Rico Air National Guard</a> until 1975 when it was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/A-7_Corsair_II" class="mw-redirect" title="A-7 Corsair II">A-7 Corsair II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hobson2001p100-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p53-100">[100]</a> The last use of the F-104 Starfighter in US markings was training pilots for the <a href="/wiki/West_German_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="West German Air Force">West German Air Force</a>, with a wing of TF-104Gs and F-104Gs based at <a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke Air Force Base</a>, Arizona. Although operated in USAF markings, these aircraft (which included German-built aircraft) were owned by West Germany. They continued in use until 1983.<a href="#cite_note-FrickerJackson1996p74-101">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistan_Air_Force">Pakistan Air Force</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Pakistan Air Force">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_F-104.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lockheed_F-104.png/220px-Lockheed_F-104.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lockheed_F-104.png/330px-Lockheed_F-104.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lockheed_F-104.png/440px-Lockheed_F-104.png 2x" data-file-width="6424" data-file-height="4327" /></a><figcaption>PAF Griffin F-104As during a training <a href="/wiki/Sortie" title="Sortie">sortie</a> in 1964.</figcaption></figure> In 1961, Pakistan, as a <a href="/wiki/Major_non-NATO_ally" title="Major non-NATO ally">major non-NATO ally</a>, received under the <a href="/wiki/Mutual_Assistance_Program" title="Mutual Assistance Program">Mutual Assistance Program</a> 14 Starfighters (twelve model F-104A and two dual-seat model F-104B). These were fitted with C-2 upward firing <a href="/wiki/Ejection_seats" class="mw-redirect" title="Ejection seats">ejection seats</a>, AN/ASG-14T1 <a href="/wiki/Fire_control_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire control system">fire control systems</a>, more powerful <a href="/wiki/J-79#Variants" class="mw-redirect" title="J-79">General Electric J79-11A</a> engines and the <a href="/wiki/M-61_Vulcan" class="mw-redirect" title="M-61 Vulcan">M-61 Vulcans</a> were also re-fitted on <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">PAF</a>'s request.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a> Moreover, an F-104B was modified by the PAF to carry Swedish TA-7M <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a> cameras in the back seat, other than that a single F-104A was modified to carry Radar homing devices like the Radar Locator (RALOR) and Short-range Low Altitude Radar Detection (SLARD).<a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a> The <a href="/wiki/No._9_Squadron_(Pakistan_Air_Force)" class="mw-redirect" title="No. 9 Squadron (Pakistan Air Force)">No. 9 Squadron "Griffins"</a> was the only PAF squadron to be equipped with these Starfighters.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a> The PAF also provided F-104 instructors to <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> in order to train their pilots on the aircraft after the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Jordanian_Air_Force" title="Royal Jordanian Air Force">Royal Jordanian Air Force</a> started receiving its Starfighters in 1968. One of the Jordanian pilots, Major Ihsan Shurdom, later rose to command the RJAF.<a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_drag_chute_landing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_drag_chute_landing.jpg/220px-Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_drag_chute_landing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_drag_chute_landing.jpg/330px-Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_drag_chute_landing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_drag_chute_landing.jpg/440px-Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_drag_chute_landing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1112" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption>A Griffin F-104A landing after <a href="/wiki/Dissimilar_air_combat_training" title="Dissimilar air combat training">dissimilar air combat training</a>.</figcaption></figure> The Starfighter served with the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">Pakistan Air Force</a> from 1961 until 1972 when lack of spare parts due to post-war <a href="/wiki/US_sanctions" class="mw-redirect" title="US sanctions">US sanctions</a> led to an early retirement.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rann_of_Kutch_Conflict">Rann of Kutch Conflict</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rann of Kutch Conflict">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Desert_Hawk" title="Operation Desert Hawk">Operation Desert Hawk</a></div> During the <a href="/wiki/Rann_of_Kutch" title="Rann of Kutch">Rann of Kutch</a> crisis in April 1965, a detachment of 2 <a href="/wiki/No._9_Squadron_(Pakistan_Air_Force)" class="mw-redirect" title="No. 9 Squadron (Pakistan Air Force)">Griffin</a> F-104s was deployed at <a href="/wiki/PAF_Base_Mauripur" class="mw-redirect" title="PAF Base Mauripur">Mauripur Base</a> under the command of <a href="/wiki/Mervyn_Middlecoat" title="Mervyn Middlecoat">Squadron Leader Middlecoat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a> An F-104 flown by <a href="/wiki/Farooq_Umar" title="Farooq Umar">Farooq Umar</a> also assisted the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Army</a>'s <a href="/wiki/24th_Cavalry_(Frontier_Force)" title="24th Cavalry (Frontier Force)">24th Cavalry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment" title="Frontier Force Regiment">15th Frontier Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Regiment_(Pakistan)" title="Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)">15th Punjab</a> regiments in capturing "Biar Bet" from Indian forces.<a href="#cite_note-paf-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Dassault_Ouragan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Indian_Dassault_Ouragan.jpg/220px-Indian_Dassault_Ouragan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Indian_Dassault_Ouragan.jpg/330px-Indian_Dassault_Ouragan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Indian_Dassault_Ouragan.jpg/440px-Indian_Dassault_Ouragan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>The Indian Dassault Ouragan which was forced down by Pakistani Starfighters.</figcaption></figure> Later in June, PAF F-104s forced an Indian <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Ouragan" title="Dassault Ouragan">Dassault Ouragan</a> which had intruded into Pakistani airspace to make a <a href="/wiki/Forced_landing" title="Forced landing">forced landing</a> at Jangshahi Village near <a href="/wiki/Badin" title="Badin">Badin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965">Indo-Pakistani war of 1965</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Indo-Pakistani war of 1965">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_Air_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani Air War of 1965">Indo-Pakistani Air War of 1965</a></div> PAF F-104s were deployed in a variety of roles during the 1965 war. These included <a href="/wiki/Air_defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defence">Air defence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interceptor_aircraft" title="Interceptor aircraft">high altitude interceptions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Night_fighter" title="Night fighter">night fighting roles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a> etc.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a> In the opening rounds of the war on 1 September, <a href="/wiki/Farooq_Umar" title="Farooq Umar">Flight Lt. Farooq Umar</a> on the orders of PAF's <a href="/wiki/C-in-C" class="mw-redirect" title="C-in-C">C-in-C</a> "<a href="/wiki/Nur_Khan" title="Nur Khan">Air Marshal Nur Khan</a>", executed two <a href="/wiki/Sonic_boom" title="Sonic boom">sonic booms</a> in his F-104 over the enemy airbase at <a href="/wiki/Amritsar_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Amritsar Air Force Station">Amritsar</a>. This was done in order to harass the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">Indian Air Force</a> as a sign of dominance.<a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-paf-105">[105]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Folland_Gnat_F.1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Folland_Gnat_F.1.jpg/220px-Folland_Gnat_F.1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Folland_Gnat_F.1.jpg/330px-Folland_Gnat_F.1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Folland_Gnat_F.1.jpg/440px-Folland_Gnat_F.1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3196" data-file-height="1248" /></a><figcaption>An Indian Gnat F.1 (IE-1083) sits on the disused airfield at Pasrur shortly after being forced down by a Griffin F-104A on 3 September 1965. Today, the Gnat is on display at <a href="/wiki/PAF_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="PAF Museum">PAF Museum</a> at Karachi.</figcaption></figure> On 3 September 1965, two Griffin F-104As flown by Flying Officer Abbas Mirza and <a href="/wiki/Hakimullah_Khan_Durrani" title="Hakimullah Khan Durrani">Flight Lieutenant Hakimullah</a> intercepted 6 IAF <a href="/wiki/Folland_Gnat" title="Folland Gnat">Folland Gnats</a> over <a href="/wiki/Akhnur" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhnur">Akhnur</a> which had attacked a lone <a href="/wiki/F-86_Sabre" class="mw-redirect" title="F-86 Sabre">F-86 Sabre</a>. While the Sabre managed to return to base despite sustaining heavy damage, the Starfighters made supersonic passes near the Indian Gnats which resultantly spread panic amongst the IAF pilots. In the ensuing chaos, Squadron Ldr. Brij Pal Singh Sikand landed his <a href="/wiki/Folland_Gnat" title="Folland Gnat">Gnat F.1</a> at an abandoned Pakistani <a href="/wiki/Airstrip" class="mw-redirect" title="Airstrip">airstrip</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pasrur" title="Pasrur">Pasrur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-f-104-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-110">[110]</a> The F-104s first Air to Air combat victory was achieved by the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">Pakistan Air Force</a> (PAF) on the dawn of 6 September 1965, when a pair of Griffin F-104As flown by Flight Lieutenant Aftab Alam Khan and Flight Lieutenant Amjad Hussain Khan were vectored towards 4 Indian <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mystere_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Dassault Mystere IV">Dassault Mystere IVs</a> that were attacking a passenger train at <a href="/wiki/Ghakhar_Mandi_railway_station" title="Ghakhar Mandi railway station">Ghakhar Station</a>. While Flight Lt. Amjad aborted due to radio failure, Flight Lt. Aftab went ahead with the interception and shot down a <a href="/wiki/Mystere_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Mystere IV">Mystere IV</a> with an <a href="/wiki/AIM-9" class="mw-redirect" title="AIM-9">AIM-9B</a> while damaging another with his 20mm <a href="/wiki/M-61_Vulcan" class="mw-redirect" title="M-61 Vulcan">M-61 Vulcan</a>. The kill with an AIM-9B Sidewinder is claimed by the PAF as the first combat kill by any Mach 2 aircraft and the PAF's first missile kill, though the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">Indian Air Force</a> denies the loss.<a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p77-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a> On 7 September 1965, a Griffin F-104A flown by Flight Lt. Amjad Hussein Khan intercepted 6 Indian <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mystere" class="mw-redirect" title="Dassault Mystere">Dassault Mysteres</a> which were attacking the <a href="/wiki/Sargodha_Airbase" class="mw-redirect" title="Sargodha Airbase">Sargodha Airbase</a>. While 5 of the Indian Mysteres managed to escape, a fierce dogfight ensued between Flight Lt. Amjad's F-104 & <a href="/wiki/Ajjamada_B._Devaiah" title="Ajjamada B. Devaiah">Squadron Ldr. Devaiah</a>'s Mystere. Amjad fired an <a href="/wiki/AIM-9" class="mw-redirect" title="AIM-9">AIM-9B</a> but it missed and hit the ground so he switched to his 20mm <a href="/wiki/M-61_Vulcan" class="mw-redirect" title="M-61 Vulcan">M-61 Vulcan</a> cannon and after some attempts, managed to score several hits on Devaiah's Mystere. However, due to <a href="/wiki/G-force" title="G-force">High-G</a> maneuvering, Amjad's F-104 was forced into a low speed <a href="/wiki/Dogfight" title="Dogfight">dogfight</a> by a determined Devaiah (something which the F-104 performs badly in due to its poor low speed maneuverability and agility.) This forced Amjad to <a href="/wiki/Aerial_ramming" title="Aerial ramming">ram</a> his F-104 into the Mystere. The <a href="/wiki/Mid-air_collision" title="Mid-air collision">mid-air collision</a> resulted in both pilots losing control of their <a href="/wiki/Warplanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Warplanes">warplanes</a>. While Flight Lt. Amjad managed to eject safely over <a href="/wiki/Kot_Nakka" title="Kot Nakka">Kot Nakka</a>, the Indian pilot perished with his Mystere.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a> On 11 September 1965, a Griffin F-104A flown by <a href="/wiki/Hakimullah_Khan_Durrani" title="Hakimullah Khan Durrani">Flight Lt. Hakumullah</a> almost engaged with an Indian <a href="/wiki/Mig-21" class="mw-redirect" title="Mig-21">Mig-21</a>F during a <a href="/wiki/Combat_Air_Patrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Air Patrol">Combat Air Patrol</a> over <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a> but was forced to abort due to fuel shortage.<a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a> On 13 September 1965, <a href="/wiki/Officer_Commanding" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer Commanding">OC No. 9 Squadron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mervyn_Middlecoat" title="Mervyn Middlecoat">Wing Commander Mervyn Middlecoat</a> fired a <a href="/wiki/AIM-9" class="mw-redirect" title="AIM-9">Sidewinder</a> at an IAF <a href="/wiki/Canberra_bomber" class="mw-redirect" title="Canberra bomber">Canberra bomber</a> during a night interception. An explosion was reported at around 4000 ft but confirmation was not possible.<a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a> On 21 September 1965, <a href="/wiki/Jamal_A._Khan" title="Jamal A. Khan">Squadron Leader Jamal</a> while flying a Griffin F-104A intercepted a high flying IAF <a href="/wiki/English_Electric_Canberra" title="English Electric Canberra">English Electric Canberra</a> at night and shot it down with a <a href="/wiki/AIM-9" class="mw-redirect" title="AIM-9">Sidewinder</a> near <a href="/wiki/Fazilka" title="Fazilka">Fazilka</a> over Pakistani airspace.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a> In total, Griffin F-104s flew 246 hours and 45 minutes during the 1965 war, 204 day <a href="/wiki/Sorties" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorties">sorties</a> and 42 night missions.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-key-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971">Indo-Pakistani War of 1971</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Indo-Pakistani War of 1971">edit</a>]</div> The commencement of hostilities in 1971 led to PAF deploying its small fleet of F-104s heavily in Air to Air and Ground Attack roles. Surplus F-104As and F-104Bs were also received from <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a> <dl><dt>Ground Attack</dt></dl> In early December 1971, PAF launched <a href="/wiki/Operation_Chengiz_Khan" title="Operation Chengiz Khan">Operation Chengiz Khan</a> (inspired from Israel's <a href="/wiki/Operation_Focus" title="Operation Focus">Operation Focus</a>) after a series of invasions by Indian forces in <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a>. As part of these <a href="/wiki/Preemptive_war" title="Preemptive war">Preemptive strikes</a>, the Starfighters were employed particularly in attacks on various Indian <a href="/wiki/Radar_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Radar station">Radar stations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-stn-104">[104]</a> On 3 December 1971, a formation of two Starfighters attacked the IAF Radar station at <a href="/wiki/Amritsar" title="Amritsar">Amritsar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> On 4 December 1971, <a href="/wiki/Squadron_leader" title="Squadron leader">Squadron leaders</a> Amanullah and Rashid Bhatti flying F-104As again struck the IAF's <a href="/wiki/Amritsar" title="Amritsar">Amritsar</a> radar without any significant results due to heavy <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Anti-Aircraft fire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a> On 11 December, two F-104As piloted by Wing Commander Arif Iqbal Squadron Leader M. Amanullah struck the Indian airbase of <a href="/wiki/Uttarlai_Air_Force_Station" title="Uttarlai Air Force Station">Uttarlai</a> during which Squadron Ldr. Amanullah destroyed an <a href="/wiki/HF-24" class="mw-redirect" title="HF-24">HF-24</a> parked on the <a href="/wiki/Airport_apron" title="Airport apron">tarmac</a> with his Starfighter's <a href="/wiki/M-61_Vulcan" class="mw-redirect" title="M-61 Vulcan">M-61 Vulcan</a> while Flight Lt. Arif Iqbal strafed another HF-24 which was trying to take off from the airbase.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <dl><dt>Air to Air Combat</dt></dl> On 4 December 1971, a <a href="/wiki/Folland_Gnat" title="Folland Gnat">Folland Gnat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-7" title="Sukhoi Su-7">Sukhoi Su-7</a> were shot down after they confronted a formation of two PAF Starfighters attacking the Amritsar Radar.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-hijazi-117">[117]</a> On 8 December, an F-104 piloted by Flight Lieutenant Manzoor Bokhari intercepted a <a href="/wiki/Canberra_bomber" class="mw-redirect" title="Canberra bomber">Canberra bomber</a> and shot it down.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a> On 10 December, an F-104 flown by Wing Commander Arif Iqbal shot down an Indian Navy <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A9guet_1050_Aliz%C3%A9" title="Bréguet 1050 Alizé">Bréguet 1050 Alizé</a> while attacking the <a href="/wiki/Okha_Port" title="Okha Port">Okha Port</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hali-102">[102]</a> On the morning of 12 December, the first direct air-to-air combat engagement between an F-104 and a <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21</a> took place when <a href="/wiki/Officer_Commanding" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer Commanding">OC</a> No. 9 Squadron, <a href="/wiki/Mervyn_Leslie_Middlecoat" class="mw-redirect" title="Mervyn Leslie Middlecoat">Wing Commander Mervyn</a> along with his <a href="/wiki/Wingman" title="Wingman">wingman</a> Tariq Habib while performing <a href="/wiki/Airstrikes" class="mw-redirect" title="Airstrikes">airstrikes</a> on the IAF's <a href="/wiki/Jamnagar_Airport" title="Jamnagar Airport">Jamnagar Airbase</a> were bounced by 2 Indian Mig-21FLs of the <a href="/wiki/No._47_Squadron_IAF" title="No. 47 Squadron IAF">No. 47 Squadron</a>. While the F-104 formation was returning to Pakistani territory, one of the Mig-21s fired a <a href="/wiki/K-13_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="K-13 missile">K-13 missile</a> at Mervyn's F-104. Though he managed to dodge it with <a href="/wiki/Evasive_maneuvers" class="mw-redirect" title="Evasive maneuvers">evasive maneuvers</a>, a second missile was fired at a range of 300 meters this time hitting his Starfighter. Mervyn was seen ejecting over the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</a> however the Indian vessels dispatched to capture him claimed he was never found. The PAF initially declared him <a href="/wiki/Missing_In_Action" class="mw-redirect" title="Missing In Action">MIA</a> but was later declared <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">KIA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Posthumous_award" title="Posthumous award">posthumously awarded</a> a <a href="/wiki/Medal_bar" title="Medal bar">Bar</a> to <a href="/wiki/Sitara-e-Jurat" title="Sitara-e-Jurat">Sitara-e-Jurat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> The second F-104 loss occurred several days later on 17 December when a pair of <a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Jordan–Pakistan relations">Jordanian loaned</a> Starfighters on <a href="/wiki/Combat_Air_Patrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Air Patrol">Combat Air Patrol</a> near <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad,_Pakistan" title="Hyderabad, Pakistan">Hyderabad</a> intercepted 2 <a href="/wiki/Mig-21" class="mw-redirect" title="Mig-21">Mig-21s</a> which had intruded Pakistani airspace. The wingman, <a href="/wiki/Samad_Ali_Changezi" title="Samad Ali Changezi">Flight Lieutenant Samad Ali Changezi</a> who was flying a Starfighter on loan from <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> engaged one of the Mig-21s and managed to get behind its tail. Unknown to him the second Mig-21 had sneaked up behind him and had fired a <a href="/wiki/K-13_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="K-13 missile">K-13 missile</a> which had missed. His leader tried warning him but to no avail. As Changezi was about to shoot the Mig-21 down, a second <a href="/wiki/K-13_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="K-13 missile">K-13 missile</a> was fired by the pursuing IAF Mig-21 which slammed into his F-104. The Starfighter went down over <a href="/wiki/Mirpur_Khas" title="Mirpur Khas">Mirpur Khas</a> along with its pilot. Changezi was <a href="/wiki/Posthumous_award" title="Posthumous award">posthumously</a> awarded the <a href="/wiki/Sitara-e-Jurat" title="Sitara-e-Jurat">Sitara-e-Jurat</a> in honor of his wartime service.<a href="#cite_note-sits_pdf-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The IAF also claims two additional PAF Starfighter kills that same day including Squadron Leader Rashid Bhatti's Starfighter. However, the PAF said he returned without damage to <a href="/wiki/PAF_Base_Masroor" title="PAF Base Masroor">Masroor AFB</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_MiG_that_forced_an_Army's_Surrender-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-sits_pdf-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-Davies2014pp85-87-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1967_Taiwan_Strait_Conflict">1967 Taiwan Strait Conflict</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: 1967 Taiwan Strait Conflict">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ROCAF_F-104J_Right_View_20111009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Taiwanese F-104J parked as a museum display" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/ROCAF_F-104J_Right_View_20111009.jpg/220px-ROCAF_F-104J_Right_View_20111009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/ROCAF_F-104J_Right_View_20111009.jpg/330px-ROCAF_F-104J_Right_View_20111009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/ROCAF_F-104J_Right_View_20111009.jpg/440px-ROCAF_F-104J_Right_View_20111009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2256" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (Taiwan)">Republic of China (Taiwan)</a> Air Force F-104J</figcaption></figure> On 13 January 1967, four ROCAF F-104G aircraft engaged a formation of J-6/<a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-19" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19">MiG-19s</a> of the People's Liberation Army Air Force over the disputed island of <a href="/wiki/Kinmen" title="Kinmen">Kinmen</a> (Quemoy). Major Hu Shih-lin and Captain Shih Bei-puo each shot down one MiG-19. One F-104 did not return to base and its pilot was listed as <a href="/wiki/Missing_in_action" title="Missing in action">missing in action</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p165-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p88-125">[125]</a> F-104 designer Kelly Johnson stated that this particular battle illustrated the relative strengths and weaknesses of the Starfighter in aerial combat. "We had them on acceleration and we had them on steady-state altitude, but we could not turn with them," said Johnson, who at the time was working on the larger-winged, more-maneuverable <a href="/wiki/CL-1200_Lancer" class="mw-redirect" title="CL-1200 Lancer">CL-1200 Lancer</a> derivative of the F-104.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p88-125">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_international_service">Other international service</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Other international service">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_bribery_scandals" title="Lockheed bribery scandals">Lockheed bribery scandals</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027437-0009,_Flugzeuge_F-104_Starfighter,_MFG_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Six F-104Gs flying in formation photographed from below" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027437-0009%2C_Flugzeuge_F-104_Starfighter%2C_MFG_1.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027437-0009%2C_Flugzeuge_F-104_Starfighter%2C_MFG_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027437-0009%2C_Flugzeuge_F-104_Starfighter%2C_MFG_1.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027437-0009%2C_Flugzeuge_F-104_Starfighter%2C_MFG_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027437-0009%2C_Flugzeuge_F-104_Starfighter%2C_MFG_1.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027437-0009%2C_Flugzeuge_F-104_Starfighter%2C_MFG_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="772" /></a><figcaption>F-104Gs from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marinefliegergeschwader_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marinefliegergeschwader 1 (page does not exist)">Marinefliegergeschwader 1</a>, 1965</figcaption></figure> At the same time that the F-104 was falling out of U.S. favor, the West German Air Force was looking for a multi-role combat aircraft to operate in support of a missile defense system.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> In response, Lockheed reworked the Starfighter from a fair-weather fighter into an all-weather ground-attack, reconnaissance, and interceptor aircraft, and presented it as the F-104G. The redesigned aircraft was chosen over the <a href="/wiki/English_Electric_P.1" class="mw-redirect" title="English Electric P.1">English Electric P.1</a> (later the Lightning), <a href="/wiki/Grumman_F11F-1F_Super_Tiger" title="Grumman F11F-1F Super Tiger">Grumman F11F-1F Super Tiger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vought_F-8_Crusader" title="Vought F-8 Crusader">Vought F-8 Crusader</a> and Republic F-105 Thunderchief.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Ten other aircraft types, including the F-102, F-106, <a href="/wiki/Saunders-Roe_SR.177" title="Saunders-Roe SR.177">Saunders-Roe SR.177</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Saab_35_Draken" title="Saab 35 Draken">Saab 35 Draken</a>, were also considered but discarded earlier in the process.<a href="#cite_note-Jackson1976p19-128">[128]</a> The F-104G was ultimately chosen because the other two finalists were still in the development phase while the F-104 was about to be introduced into USAF service; although the American version lacked all-weather capability, Lockheed promised they could deliver this, and favorable reports by the German Ministry of Defence delegation sent in December 1957 to flight-test the F-104 tipped the scales in the Starfighter's favor.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002pp16–17-129">[129]</a> The Starfighter found a new market with other <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_NATO" title="Member states of NATO">NATO countries</a> as well, and eventually more than 2,000 of all variants of the F-104 were built for international air forces.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p20-130">[130]</a> Several countries received their aircraft under the U.S. government-funded <a href="/wiki/Mutual_Defense_Assistance_Act" title="Mutual Defense Assistance Act">Military Aid Program</a> (MAP).<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p149-131">[131]</a> The American engine was retained but built under license in Europe, Canada, and Japan.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p140-132">[132]</a> The Lockheed ejector seats were retained initially but were replaced in some countries by the safer Martin-Baker seat.<a href="#cite_note-Cacutt1988p166-33">[33]</a> The so-called "Deal of the Century" produced substantial income for Lockheed, but the resulting <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_bribery_scandals" title="Lockheed bribery scandals">bribery scandals</a> caused considerable political controversy in Europe and Japan. In 1976, a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> investigating committee led by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Church" title="Frank Church">Senator Frank Church</a> determined that Lockheed had paid US$22 million in bribes to foreign officials during the negotiation processes for the sale of its aircraft, including the F-104 Starfighter. In Germany, Minister of Defence <a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Strauss" title="Franz Josef Strauss">Franz Josef Strauss</a> was accused of having received at least US$10 million for West Germany's purchase of the F-104 in 1961.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> On 26 August 1976, <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_of_Lippe-Biesterfeld#The_Lockheed_Scandal" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld">Prince-consort Bernhard</a> of the Netherlands was forced to resign as Inspector-General of the Dutch Armed Forces after being accused of accepting approximately US$1.1 million in bribes.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p29-134">[134]</a> In the Netherlands, the F-104 was used to aid in the ending of the <a href="/wiki/1977_Dutch_train_hijacking" title="1977 Dutch train hijacking">1977 Dutch train hijacking</a>. On 11 June 1977, almost three weeks after the start of a hijacking of a train by Moluccan separatists, six F-104 jet fighters of the Royal Netherlands Air Force overflew the train three times at low altitude, using their afterburners to disorient the hijackers as a precursor to an armed attack by Dutch marines. None of the Starfighters used its weapons. The international service of the F-104 began to wind down in the late 1970s, being replaced in many cases by the <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon</a>, but it remained in service with some air forces for another two decades. The last operational Starfighters served with the Italian Air Force, which retired them on 31 October 2004.<a href="#cite_note-AviationistLastStarfighter-135">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NASA">NASA</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: NASA">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:306705main_EC80-14126_full.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Formation of NASA F-104 and F-15" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/306705main_EC80-14126_full.jpg/220px-306705main_EC80-14126_full.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/306705main_EC80-14126_full.jpg/330px-306705main_EC80-14126_full.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/306705main_EC80-14126_full.jpg/440px-306705main_EC80-14126_full.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="/wiki/F-15" class="mw-redirect" title="F-15">F-15</a> and F-104 testing <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> tiles</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_F-104.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/NASA_F-104.jpg/220px-NASA_F-104.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/NASA_F-104.jpg/330px-NASA_F-104.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/NASA_F-104.jpg/440px-NASA_F-104.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption>NASA F-104 on display at <a href="/wiki/Edwards_Air_Force_Base" title="Edwards Air Force Base">Edwards Air Force Base</a></figcaption></figure> The Starfighter served with <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> from 1956 until 1994. A total of 12 F-104A, F-104B, F-104N, and TF-104G aircraft performed high-speed and altitude flight research at <a href="/wiki/Dryden_Flight_Research_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Dryden Flight Research Center">Dryden Flight Research Center</a>. The F-104 also performed many safety chase missions in support of advanced research aircraft and provided a launch platform for <a href="/wiki/Sounding_rocket" title="Sounding rocket">sounding rockets</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p90-136">[136]</a> In August 1956, the USAF transferred YF-104A serial number 55–2961 to the <a href="/wiki/National_Advisory_Committee_for_Aeronautics" title="National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics">National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics</a> (NACA, the predecessor of NASA), designating it NF-104A. In preparation for the <a href="/wiki/X-15" class="mw-redirect" title="X-15">X-15</a> test program of the late 1950s, it was fitted with the reaction control system (RCS) consisting of hydrogen peroxide-powered thrusters mounted in the aircraft's nose and wingtips. This system provided valuable experience for future X-15 pilots and astronauts in spacecraft control and maneuverability. The trials began in 1959 and concluded in 1961, after which the aircraft was used for other NASA purposes until it was retired in November 1975.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p90-136">[136]</a> An F-104B, originally USAF 57-1303 later received civil registry as N819NA, NASA 819. It became the longest-serving NASA F-104 in both calendar time (1958–1978) and flight hours. Its credits include being the first aircraft in history to perform manned testing of a <a href="/wiki/Ballute" title="Ballute">ballute</a> at supersonic speed. It was also the first to test piloted landings of vehicles such as the X-15 and lifting bodies with the pilot using only stereo periscopic vision. It was used extensively for biomedical research, evaluation of new full pressure suits, and general utility duties for NASA research. One notable case was its service as the final chase plane for the official FAI world altitude record flight of the #3 X-15.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Between August and October 1963, Lockheed delivered three single-seat F-104G Starfighters to NASA, designated F-104N, for use as high-speed chase aircraft. These were the only Starfighters built by Lockheed specifically for NASA; all other NASA aircraft were transferred from the USAF. The third of these F-104Ns, number 013, was destroyed on 8 June 1966 in a mid-air collision with a <a href="/wiki/North_American_XB-70" class="mw-redirect" title="North American XB-70">North American XB-70</a> during a publicity photo flight for <a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p90-136">[136]</a> One NASA F-104G, registration N826NA, was equipped with a flight test fixture (FTF) consisting of a pylon mounted on the fuselage centerline. The FTF contained instruments to record and transmit research data in real-time to engineers in mission control at Dryden. One application of the FTF was testing heat-resistant tiles for use on the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a>, ensuring their bonding was sufficient at high speeds and evaluating their performance when exposed to moisture. The last of these missions flew on 31 January 1994, bringing the F-104's service with NASA to a close after more than 18,000 flights.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p90-136">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_as_space_launch_platform">Use as space launch platform</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Use as space launch platform">edit</a>]</div> In 2011, <a href="/wiki/4Frontiers_Corporation" title="4Frontiers Corporation">4Frontiers Corporation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Starfighters_Inc" title="Starfighters Inc">Starfighters Inc</a> (a private F-104 operator) began working together on a project to launch suborbital sounding rockets from F-104s flying out of <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a>. First launches were expected to occur in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> In early 2016, another venture, CubeCab, was working on a rocket system that would launch <a href="/wiki/CubeSat" title="CubeSat">CubeSats</a> from F-104s.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> The company said it planned to begin providing launch services "in early 2020".<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_records">World records</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: World records">edit</a>]</div> The F-104 was the first aircraft to simultaneously hold the world speed and altitude records. On 7 May 1958, USAF Major Howard C. Johnson, flying YF-104A 55–2957, broke the world <a href="/wiki/Flight_altitude_record" title="Flight altitude record">flight altitude record</a> for jet aircraft by flying to 91,243 feet (27,811 m)<a href="#cite_note-143">[a]</a> over Edwards AFB.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p45-64">[64]</a> On 16 May 1958, USAF Captain Walter W. Irwin, flying YF-104A 55–2969, set a world <a href="/wiki/Flight_airspeed_record" title="Flight airspeed record">flight airspeed record</a> of 1,404.012 miles per hour (2,259.538 km/h)<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> over a course 15 miles (24 km) long at Edwards AFB.<a href="#cite_note-IFSrecords-145">[144]</a> Flying F-104A 56–0762 over NAS Point Mugu, California, USAF Lieutenants William T. Smith and <a href="/wiki/Einar_Enevoldson" title="Einar Enevoldson">Einar Enevoldson</a> set several time-to-climb records on 13 and 14 December 1958:<a href="#cite_note-IFSrecords-145">[144]</a> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Altitude meters (feet) </th> <th>time seconds </th></tr> <tr> <td>3,000 (9,800)</td> <td>41.85<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6,000 (19,700)</td> <td>58.41<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9,000 (29,500)</td> <td>81.14<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12,000 (39,400)</td> <td>99.90<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15,000 (49,200)</td> <td>131.10<a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20,000 (65,600)</td> <td>222.99<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25,000 (82,000)</td> <td>266.03<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> On 14 December 1959, USAF Captain "Joe" B. Jordan, flying F-104C 56–0885 at Edwards AFB, set a new world altitude record of 103,389 feet (31,513 m),<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a> in the process becoming the first aircraft to take off under its own power and cross both the 30,000-meter and 100,000-foot thresholds. He also set a 30,000-meter (98,400 ft) time-to-climb record of 904.92 seconds.<a href="#cite_note-IFSrecords-145">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[b]</a> USAF Major Robert W. Smith, flying NF-104A 56–0756, set an unofficial world altitude record of 118,860 ft (36,230 m) on 15 November 1963, and on 6 December 1963 he flew the same aircraft to another unofficial altitude record of 120,800 ft (36,800 m).<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p172-156">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p142-157">[155]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Cochran" title="Jacqueline Cochran">Jacqueline Cochran</a>, a lieutenant colonel in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Air Force Reserve">United States Air Force Reserve</a>, flew TF-104G N104L to set three women's world's speed records: On 11 May 1964, she averaged 1,429.3 miles per hour (2,300.2 km/h) over a 15–25 km (9.3–15.5 mi) course,<a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a> on 1 June she flew at an average speed of 1,303.18 miles per hour (2,097.26 km/h) over a 100 km (62 mi) closed-circuit course,<a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a> and on 3 June she recorded an average speed of 1,127.4 miles per hour (1,814.4 km/h) over a 500 km (310 mi) closed-circuit course.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p142-157">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-IFSrecords-145">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[158]</a> Lockheed test pilot <a href="/wiki/Darryl_Greenamyer" title="Darryl Greenamyer">Darryl Greenamyer</a> built an F-104 out of parts he had collected. The aircraft, <a href="/wiki/N104RB_Red_Baron" title="N104RB Red Baron">N104RB</a>, first flew in 1976. On 2 October of that year, trying to set a new low-altitude 3 km (1.9 mi) speed record, Greenamyer averaged 1,010 miles per hour (1,630 km/h) at Mud Lake near <a href="/wiki/Tonopah,_Nevada" title="Tonopah, Nevada">Tonopah, Nevada</a>. A tracking camera malfunction eliminated the necessary proof for the official record.<a href="#cite_note-IFSrecords-145">[144]</a> On 24 October 1977, Greenamyer flew a 3 km (1.9 mi) official FAI record flight of 1,590.45 km/h (988.26 mph).<a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a> On 26 February 1978, Greenamyer made a practice run for a world altitude record attempt. At the conclusion of the practice run, he was unable to get an indication that the right landing gear was down and locked even after a number of attempts to cycle the gear. Low on fuel and faced with a landing situation that was not considered survivable, Greenamyer successfully ejected, and the N104RB crashed in the desert.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p165-162">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p98-163">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nicknames">Nicknames</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Nicknames">edit</a>]</div> The Starfighter was marketed by Lockheed as the "missile with a man in it", and the press dubbed the F-104 the "Widowmaker" due to its high accident rate, but neither were used in service.<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p16-164">[162]</a> The term "Super Starfighter" was used by Lockheed to describe the F-104G in its marketing campaigns, but quickly fell into disuse.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p157-165">[163]</a> In service, it earned a number of nicknames among its users: <ul><li>American pilots initially called it the "Oh-Four", but when the F-100 Super Sabre began to be referred to as the "Zip-Zilch" (for "zero-zero"), the Starfighter acquired the similar nickname "Zip-Four"; this was eventually shortened to "Zipper" or "Zip".<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p21-166">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p16-164">[162]</a> Over time this nickname came to be associated with the aircraft's impressive speed and acceleration.<a href="#cite_note-Spitzmiller2011p156-167">[165]</a></li> <li>The Japan Air Self-Defense Force called it Eiko (<a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a>: 栄光, "glory").<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p155-168">[166]</a></li> <li>Although German pilots often referred to the F-104 as the "Zipper"<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p16-164">[162]</a> or (specifically the G models) "Gustav",<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p8-169">[167]</a> it earned several less-charitable names from the German public due to its high accident rate, common ones being Witwenmacher ("widowmaker") or Fliegender Sarg ("flying coffin"). It was also called Erdnagel ("ground nail"), the official military term for a tent peg.<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p16-164">[162]</a></li> <li>Prior to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the reputation of the Pakistani F-104 was such that the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">Indian Air Force</a> referred to it as Badmash ("hooligan"), "Scoundrel", and "Wicked One".<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p159-170">[168]</a></li> <li>Among Italian pilots its spiky design earned it the nickname Spillone ("hatpin").<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p91-171">[169]</a></li> <li>Among the Norwegian public and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Air_Force" title="Royal Norwegian Air Force">Royal Norwegian Air Force</a> it was affectionately known as Vestfjordoksen ("the Vestfjord bull"), due to the immense roar of the aircraft based in <a href="/wiki/Bod%C3%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodø">Bodø</a>, at the southern end of <a href="/wiki/Vestfjorden" title="Vestfjorden">Vestfjorden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-172">[170]</a></li> <li>In the Canadian Forces, the aircraft was sometimes referred to as the "Lawn Dart" and the "Aluminium Death Tube" due to its high operational losses, and "Flying Phallus" due to its shape. It was affectionately called the "Silver Sliver", "Zipper", or "Zip", but most often the "Starfighter" or simply the "104" (one-oh-four).<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1990pp92,93-173">[171]</a></li> <li>NASA's F-104B Starfighter N819NA acquired the nickname "Howling Howland" due to the unique howling sound of its engine at certain throttle settings.<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p16-164">[162]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flying_characteristics">Flying characteristics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Flying characteristics">edit</a>]</div> The Starfighter was the first combat aircraft capable of sustained Mach 2 flight, and its speed and climb performance remained impressive more than thirty years after its first flight.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p9-174">[172]</a> Equipped with razor-edge thin-blade supersonic wings (visible from the cockpit only in the mirrors),<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1990p84-175">[173]</a> it was designed for optimum performance above Mach 1.2.<a href="#cite_note-Spitzmiller2011p145-176">[174]</a> If used appropriately, with high-speed surprise attacks and good use of its exceptional thrust-to-weight ratio, it could be a formidable opponent.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014pp16–17-177">[175]</a> It was exceptionally stable at high speed, i.e., over 600 knots (1,100 km/h; 690 mph), at very low level, making it a potent tactical nuclear strike-fighter. However, in a low-speed turning contest with conventional subsonic opponents (as Pakistani pilots were with Indian Mystères in 1965),<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p144-178">[176]</a> the fighter was vulnerable.<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1990p60-179">[177]</a> The F-104's large turn radius was due to the high speeds required for maneuvering, and its high-alpha stalling and <a href="/wiki/Pitch-up" title="Pitch-up">pitch-up</a> behavior required attentiveness from its pilot.<a href="#cite_note-YeagerJanos1985pp278–279-180">[178]</a> In reference to the F-104's low-speed turn performance, a humorous colloquialism was coined by a pilot in the skies over Edwards Air Force Base: "Banking with intent to turn."<a href="#cite_note-Kluger2017p11-181">[179]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chuck_Yeager_in_NF-104.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Chuck Yeager waving to the camera from the cockpit of his NF-104" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Chuck_Yeager_in_NF-104.jpg/220px-Chuck_Yeager_in_NF-104.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Chuck_Yeager_in_NF-104.jpg/330px-Chuck_Yeager_in_NF-104.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Chuck_Yeager_in_NF-104.jpg/440px-Chuck_Yeager_in_NF-104.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2872" data-file-height="2259" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Yeager" title="Chuck Yeager">Chuck Yeager</a> in the cockpit of an <a href="/wiki/NF-104" class="mw-redirect" title="NF-104">NF-104</a>, 4 December 1963</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Takeoff" title="Takeoff">Takeoff</a> speeds were between 180 and 200 knots (330 and 370 km/h; 210 and 230 mph), with the pilot needing to swiftly raise the landing gear to avoid exceeding the <a href="/wiki/V_speeds" title="V speeds">maximum landing gear operating speed</a> of 260 knots (480 km/h; 300 mph). Climb and cruise performance were outstanding; occasionally a "slow" light would illuminate on the instrument panel at around Mach 2 to indicate that the engine compressor was nearing its limiting temperature and the pilot needed to throttle back. Landings were also performed at high speed: the downwind leg of the <a href="/wiki/Airfield_traffic_pattern" title="Airfield traffic pattern">circuit</a> was typically flown at approximately 210 knots (390 km/h; 240 mph) with flaps in landing configuration, with the long, flat <a href="/wiki/Final_approach_(aviation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Final approach (aviation)">final approach</a> flown at around 175 knots (324 km/h; 201 mph) and touchdown at 155 to 160 knots (287 to 296 km/h; 178 to 184 mph). Extra fuel, crosswinds or gusts, external stores, and other considerations could add up to 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) to these speeds. Unlike most aircraft, the F-104 was landed with the engine at high power, as the boundary-layer control system lost effectiveness below approximately 82% engine speed. Pilots were instructed not to cut the throttle while the plane was still airborne, as doing so would cause an abrupt (and generally uneven) loss of lift. To limit the Starfighter's landing roll, or distance traveled while decelerating from touchdown to taxi speed, powerful brakes were combined with a 16-foot (4.9 m) <a href="/wiki/Drogue_chute" class="mw-redirect" title="Drogue chute">drag chute</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp40,43,122-182">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p114-183">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_problems">Early problems</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Early problems">edit</a>]</div> The F-104 series all had a very high <a href="/wiki/Wing_loading" title="Wing loading">wing loading</a> (made even higher when carrying external stores). During the early stall tests, the aircraft demonstrated the tendency to suddenly "pitch up" once it reached an angle of attack of approximately 15 degrees. This "pitch up" would result in a rapid increase in angle of attack to approximately 60 degrees, accompanied by lateral and directional oscillation, and followed by sudden uncontrolled <a href="/wiki/Flight_dynamics_(fixed-wing_aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flight dynamics (fixed-wing aircraft)">yaw and roll</a>. At this point the aircraft would be essentially tumbling, descending at a rate of 12,000–15,000 feet per minute (3,700–4,600 m/min).<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p39-184">[182]</a> To combat this, an automatic pitch control (APC) was added, which initiated corrective action at the proper time to prevent reaching an angle of attack high enough to cause pitch-up under any operating condition. The high angle of attack area of flight was protected by a <a href="/wiki/Stick_shaker" title="Stick shaker">stick shaker</a> system to warn the pilot of an approaching stall, and if this was ignored, a <a href="/wiki/Stick_pusher" title="Stick pusher">stick pusher</a> system would pitch the aircraft's nose down to a safer angle of attack; this was often overridden by the pilot despite flight manual warnings against this practice.<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1986p20-185">[183]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-104A_flight_envelope.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="F-104A flight envelope diagram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/F-104A_flight_envelope.jpg/220px-F-104A_flight_envelope.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/F-104A_flight_envelope.jpg/330px-F-104A_flight_envelope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/F-104A_flight_envelope.jpg/440px-F-104A_flight_envelope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1323" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>F-104A <a href="/wiki/Flight_envelope" title="Flight envelope">flight envelope</a></figcaption></figure> Another serious design issue that the aircraft encountered was T-tail flutter. Dick Heppe, who served as the initial project aerodynamics engineer for the F-104 program, recalled that "without question, the single most difficult technical challenge encountered in the XF-104 and F-104A development programs was the catastrophic flutter problem of the unique T-tailed empennage configuration". Because the horizontal tail's center of gravity was well aft of both the bending and torsional axes of the vertical tail to which it was attached, it was highly vulnerable to flutter at transonic speeds. During a test flight of the F-104A, the surviving XF-104 was flying chase to observe, and encountered violent T-tail flutter that caused the tail to separate from the aircraft. The test pilot of the XF-104 successfully ejected. This behavior was remedied by increasing the thickness of the stainless-steel box covers used in the tail assembly.<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003p45-186">[184]</a> The J79 was a brand-new engine, with development continuing throughout the YF-104A test phase and during service with the F-104A. The engine featured variable-incidence <a href="/wiki/Axial_compressor" title="Axial compressor">compressor stator</a> blades, a design feature that altered the angle of the stator blades automatically with altitude and temperature.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p31-13">[13]</a> A condition known as "T-2 reset", a normal function that made large stator blade angle changes, caused several engine failures on takeoff. It was discovered that large and sudden temperature changes (e.g., from being parked in the sun prior to becoming airborne) were falsely causing the engine stator blades to close and choke the compressor. The dangers presented by these engine failures were compounded by the downward ejection seat, which gave the pilot little chance of a safe exit at low level. The engine systems were subsequently modified and the ejection seat changed to the more conventional upward type.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992pp66,68-187">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-Spitzmiller2011p153-188">[186]</a> Uncontrolled <a href="/wiki/Oscillation" title="Oscillation">oscillations</a> of its wingtip-mounted fuel tank sheared one wing off of an F-104B; this problem was apparent during testing of the XF-104 prototype and was eventually resolved by filling the tank compartments in a specific order.<a href="#cite_note-Drendel1976p22-189">[187]</a> Early F-104s also lacked modulated afterburning, and as a result combat operations could only be performed at one of only two settings – either maximum military power or full afterburner. Effectively this gave the pilot the choice of two level-flight speeds: Mach 1 or Mach 2.2.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p142-190">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_problems">Later problems</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Later problems">edit</a>]</div> A further engine problem was that of uncommanded opening of the <a href="/wiki/Propelling_nozzle" title="Propelling nozzle">variable-thrust nozzle</a> (usually through loss of engine oil pressure, as the nozzles were actuated using engine oil as hydraulic fluid); although the engine would be running normally at high power, the opening of the nozzle resulted in a drastic loss of thrust to below that required to maintain level flight. At low altitudes this was unrecoverable, and it caused the loss of at least seven F-104s during testing. A modification program installed a manual nozzle closure control that reduced the problem, but according to designer Kelly Johnson, this took nine years to resolve satisfactorily.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p7-191">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p142-190">[188]</a> The engine also suffered from <a href="/wiki/Afterburner" title="Afterburner">afterburner</a> blowout on takeoff, or even non-ignition, resulting in a major loss of thrust that could be detected by the pilot—the recommended action was to abandon the takeoff. The first fatal accident in German service was caused by this phenomenon. Some pilots experienced uncommanded "stick kicker" activation at low altitudes while flying straight and level, so F-104 crews were often directed to deactivate it for flight operations.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p116-192">[190]</a> Asymmetric or "split" flap deployment was another frequent cause of accidents.<a href="#cite_note-Dobrzyński2015p28-193">[191]</a> Many pilots also experienced severe nose wheel "<a href="/wiki/Speed_wobble" title="Speed wobble">shimmy</a>" on landing, which usually resulted in the aircraft leaving the runway and in some cases even flipping over onto its back.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p115-194">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="West_German_service">West German service</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: West German service">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Luftwaffe_Museum_F-104_Starfighter_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="F-104 mounted on zero-length launch platform with rocket booster attached" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Luftwaffe_Museum_F-104_Starfighter_2007.jpg/220px-Luftwaffe_Museum_F-104_Starfighter_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Luftwaffe_Museum_F-104_Starfighter_2007.jpg/330px-Luftwaffe_Museum_F-104_Starfighter_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Luftwaffe_Museum_F-104_Starfighter_2007.jpg/440px-Luftwaffe_Museum_F-104_Starfighter_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>West German F-104G with a <a href="/wiki/Zero-length_launch" title="Zero-length launch">zero-length launch</a> rocket booster and a replica <a href="/wiki/B43_nuclear_bomb" title="B43 nuclear bomb">B43 nuclear bomb</a> at <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rhistorisches_Museum_Flugplatz_Berlin-Gatow" title="Militärhistorisches Museum Flugplatz Berlin-Gatow">Militärhistorisches Museum Flugplatz Berlin-Gatow</a></figcaption></figure> The introduction of a highly technical aircraft type to a newly reformed air force was fraught with problems. Many pilots and ground crew had settled into civilian jobs after World War II and had not kept pace with developments, with pilots being sent on short "refresher" courses in slow and benign-handling <a href="/wiki/First-generation_jet_fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="First-generation jet fighter">first-generation</a> jet aircraft. Ground crew were similarly employed with minimal training and experience, which was one consequence of a conscripted military with high turnover of service personnel. Operating in the poor weather conditions of northwest Europe (unlike the fair weather training conditions at <a href="/wiki/Luke_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luke AFB">Luke AFB</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>) and flying low at high speed over hilly terrain, many accidents were attributed to <a href="/wiki/Controlled_flight_into_terrain" title="Controlled flight into terrain">controlled flight into terrain</a> (CFIT). A total of 116 pilots were lost in West German F-104 accidents, including 1 ground-crew passenger and 8 USAF instructors.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p164-195">[193]</a> One contributing factor to this was the operational assignment of the F-104 in West German service: it was mainly used as a low-level fighter-bomber, as opposed to the original design of a high-speed, high-altitude fighter/interceptor. Furthermore, the installation of additional avionic equipment in the F-104G version, such as the <a href="/wiki/Inertial_navigation_system" title="Inertial navigation system">inertial navigation system</a>, added distraction for the pilot, as well as extra weight that further hampered the flying capabilities of the plane. In contemporary West German magazine articles highlighting the Starfighter safety problems, the aircraft was portrayed as "overburdened" with technology, which was considered a latent overstrain on the aircrews.<a href="#cite_note-196">[194]</a> In 1966 <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Steinhoff" title="Johannes Steinhoff">Johannes Steinhoff</a> took over command of the Luftwaffe and grounded the entire Luftwaffe and Bundesmarine F-104 fleet until he was satisfied that problems had been resolved or at least reduced. In later years, the safety record improved, although a new problem of structural failure of the wings emerged. Original <a href="/wiki/Fatigue_(material)" title="Fatigue (material)">fatigue</a> calculations had not taken into account the high number of g-force loading cycles that the F-104 fleet was experiencing, and many airframes were returned to the depot for wing replacement or outright retirement. Towards the end of Luftwaffe service, some aircraft were modified to carry a <a href="/wiki/Flight_data_recorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Flight data recorder">flight data recorder</a> or "black box", which could give an indication of the probable cause of an accident.<a href="#cite_note-Reed1981p46-197">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/Erich_Hartmann" title="Erich Hartmann">Erich Hartmann</a>, the world's top-scoring <a href="/wiki/Fighter_ace" class="mw-redirect" title="Fighter ace">fighter ace</a>, commanded one of West Germany's first post-war jet-fighter-equipped <a href="/wiki/Taktisches_Luftwaffengeschwader_71_%22Richthofen%22" title="Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 71 "Richthofen"">wings</a><a href="#cite_note-Weal1995p164-198">[196]</a> and deemed the F-104 to be an unsafe aircraft with poor handling characteristics for aerial combat. In <a href="/wiki/German_Navy" title="German Navy">Navy</a> service it lacked the safety margin of a twin-engine design such as the <a href="/wiki/Blackburn_Buccaneer" title="Blackburn Buccaneer">Blackburn Buccaneer</a>. To the dismay of his superiors, Hartmann judged the fighter unfit for Luftwaffe use even before its introduction.<a href="#cite_note-ToliverConstable1985pp285–286-199">[197]</a> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Brown_(pilot)" title="Eric Brown (pilot)">Eric Brown</a> described the Starfighter as a hot ship, that "has to be flown every inch of the way". The USAF required Starfighter pilots to have at least 1,500 flight hours of experience prior to flying the F-104. West German pilots had around 400 hours.<a href="#cite_note-Brown,_Wings_on_my_Sleeve,_p98-200">[198]</a> Brown recommended the Blackburn Buccaneer instead. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Normal_operating_hazards">Normal operating hazards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Normal operating hazards">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_German_F-104_Starfighter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="West German F-104F parked on apron" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/West_German_F-104_Starfighter.jpg/220px-West_German_F-104_Starfighter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/West_German_F-104_Starfighter.jpg/330px-West_German_F-104_Starfighter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/West_German_F-104_Starfighter.jpg/440px-West_German_F-104_Starfighter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1340" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>A West German F-104F in 1960. In 1962 this aircraft crashed along with three others after a pilot error.</figcaption></figure> The causes of a large number of aircraft losses were the same as for any other similar type. They included: <a href="/wiki/Bird_strike" title="Bird strike">bird strikes</a> and other foreign object damage (particularly to the engine), <a href="/wiki/Lightning_strike" title="Lightning strike">lightning strikes</a>, pilot <a href="/wiki/Spatial_disorientation" title="Spatial disorientation">spatial disorientation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mid-air_collision" title="Mid-air collision">mid-air collisions</a> with other aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002pp165–173-201">[199]</a> One such accident occurred on 19 June 1962 when a formation of four F-104F aircraft, practicing for the type's introduction-into-service ceremony the following day, crashed together after descending through a cloud bank. The pilot of the lead aircraft lost spatial orientation and was at too steep a nose-down angle to recover. Three German pilots and one American pilot were killed, and the four aircraft destroyed. As a result, formation aerobatic teams were immediately banned by the Luftwaffe.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002pp133–135-202">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Safety_record">Safety record</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Safety record">edit</a>]</div> The safety record of the F-104 Starfighter became high-profile news in the mid-1960s, especially in West Germany.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p43-203">[201]</a> West Germany initially ordered 309 F-104s, and over time another 607.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p18-204">[202]</a> Deliveries of Lockheed-built aircraft started in August 1961, and domestically produced airframes began to roll off the assembly lines in December.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p21-32">[32]</a> That same month, the first of an eventual total of 292 West German F-104s had crashed.<a href="#cite_note-Kropf2002p117-205">[203]</a> In October 1975, Lockheed agreed to pay a total of 3 million <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Mark" title="Deutsche Mark">Deutsche Marks</a> (US$1.2 million) to approximately 60 widows and dependents of 32 Luftwaffe pilots killed during flight operations, though the company declined to admit liability.<a href="#cite_note-Jackson1976p23-206">[204]</a> While announcing the settlement, the plaintiffs' attorney acknowledged he had been seeking US$10 million and noted that there were more instances of pilot error than he had expected.<a href="#cite_note-FlightGlobalp644-207">[205]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_American_XB-70A_Valkyrie_in_formation_061122-F-1234P-035.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="XB-70 Valkyrie flying in formation with an T-38 Talon (far left), F-4 Phantom (near left), F-104 (near right), F-5 Freedom Fighter (far right)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/North_American_XB-70A_Valkyrie_in_formation_061122-F-1234P-035.jpg/220px-North_American_XB-70A_Valkyrie_in_formation_061122-F-1234P-035.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/North_American_XB-70A_Valkyrie_in_formation_061122-F-1234P-035.jpg/330px-North_American_XB-70A_Valkyrie_in_formation_061122-F-1234P-035.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/North_American_XB-70A_Valkyrie_in_formation_061122-F-1234P-035.jpg/440px-North_American_XB-70A_Valkyrie_in_formation_061122-F-1234P-035.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1340" data-file-height="1084" /></a><figcaption>The second <a href="/wiki/North_American_XB-70_Valkyrie" title="North American XB-70 Valkyrie">XB-70 Valkyrie</a> prototype flies in formation with other GE-powered aircraft for a photo shoot, 8 June 1966. Shortly after this photograph was taken the F‑104 (red tail, on the XB‑70's right) and XB‑70 collided, killing the F‑104 pilot Joe Walker and the co‑pilot of the XB‑70.</figcaption></figure> Some operators lost a large proportion of their aircraft through accidents, although the accident rate varied widely depending on the user and operating conditions. The German Air Force and Federal German Navy, the largest combined user of the F-104 and operator of over 35% of all airframes built, lost approximately 32% of its Starfighters in accidents over the aircraft's 31-year career.<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p43-208">[206]</a> The Belgian Air Force, on the other hand, lost 41 of its 100 airframes between February 1963 and September 1983,<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p36-209">[207]</a> and Italy, the final Starfighter operator, lost 138 of 368 (37%) by 1992.<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p56-210">[208]</a> Canada's accident rate with the F-104 ultimately exceeded 46% (110 of 238) over its 25-year service history,<a href="#cite_note-Bashow1990pp210–219-211">[209]</a> though the Canadian jets tended to be flown for a greater number of hours than those of other air forces (three times that of the German F-104s, for example).<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p40-212">[210]</a> However, some operators had substantially lower accident rates: Denmark's attrition rate for the F-104 was 24%, with Japan losing just 15%<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p62-213">[211]</a> and Norway 14% (6 of 43)<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p70-214">[212]</a> of their respective Starfighter fleets. The best accident rate was achieved by the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Air Force">Spanish Air Force</a>, which ended its Starfighter era with a perfect safety record: the <a href="/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito_del_Aire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ejército del Aire">Ejército del Aire</a> lost none of its 18 F-104Gs and 3 TF-104Gs over a total of seven years and 17,500 flight hours.<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p74-215">[213]</a> The cumulative destroyed rate of the F-104 Starfighter in USAF service as of 31 December 1983 was 25.2 aircraft destroyed per 100,000 flight hours. This is the highest accident rate of any of the USAF Century Series fighters. By comparison, the cumulative destroyed rates for the other Century Series aircraft in USAF service over the same time period were 16.2 for the <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-100_Super_Sabre" title="North American F-100 Super Sabre">North American F-100 Super Sabre</a>, 9.7 for the <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">McDonnell F-101 Voodoo</a>, 15.6 for the Republic F-105 Thunderchief, and 7.3 for the <a href="/wiki/Convair_F-106_Delta_Dart" title="Convair F-106 Delta Dart">Convair F-106 Delta Dart</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Flying_Safety-216">[214]</a> By comparison, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Royal Australian Air Force</a> (RAAF) experienced an overall loss rate of 11.96 per 100,000 flying hours with the <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_III" title="Dassault Mirage III">Dassault Mirage III</a>, losing 40 of 116 aircraft to accidents over its 25-year career from 1965 to 1989.<a href="#cite_note-Susans1990pviii-217">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[216]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> lost over 50 of 280 <a href="/wiki/English_Electric_Lightning" title="English Electric Lightning">English Electric Lightnings</a>, at one point experiencing 12 losses in the 17 months between January 1970 and May 1971; the loss rate per 100,000 hours from the introduction of the Lightning in 1961 to May 1971 was 17.3, higher than the lifetime West German Starfighter loss rate of 15.08.<a href="#cite_note-Caygill2012pp178–181-219">[217]</a> Notable USAF pilots who died in F-104 accidents include <a href="/wiki/Robert_Henry_Lawrence,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.">Major Robert H. Lawrence Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[218]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iven_C._Kincheloe_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Iven C. Kincheloe Jr.">Captain Iven Kincheloe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-221">[219]</a> Civilian (former USAAF) pilot <a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Walker" title="Joseph A. Walker">Joe Walker</a> died in a midair collision with an <a href="/wiki/XB-70_Valkyrie" class="mw-redirect" title="XB-70 Valkyrie">XB-70 Valkyrie</a> while flying an F-104.<a href="#cite_note-222">[220]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Yeager" title="Chuck Yeager">Chuck Yeager</a> was nearly killed in December 1963 when he <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_NF-104A#Third_NF-104A" title="Lockheed NF-104A">lost control of an NF-104A</a> during a high-altitude record-breaking attempt; he lost the tips of two fingers and was hospitalized for a long period with severe burns after ejecting from the aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-YeagerJanos1985pp278–284-223">[221]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Variants">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_variants" title="List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter variants">List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter variants</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA.F-104.Starfighter.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="YF-104A hanging in museum in NASA livery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/NASA.F-104.Starfighter.JPG/220px-NASA.F-104.Starfighter.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/NASA.F-104.Starfighter.JPG/330px-NASA.F-104.Starfighter.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/NASA.F-104.Starfighter.JPG/440px-NASA.F-104.Starfighter.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>YF-104A, AF serial number 55-2961, <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> aircraft number 818, flown by NASA from 27 August 1956 to 26 August 1975, 1,439 flights</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_F-104_Wing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/View_of_F-104_Wing.jpg/220px-View_of_F-104_Wing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/View_of_F-104_Wing.jpg/330px-View_of_F-104_Wing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/View_of_F-104_Wing.jpg/440px-View_of_F-104_Wing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Side view of NASA YF-104A showing thinness of wing and sharpness of leading edge</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>XF-104</dt> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter">Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter</a></div> This was the prototype aircraft; two examples were built and powered by Wright J65 engines (the J79 was not yet ready). The second prototype was equipped with the M61 cannon as an armament test bed. Both aircraft were destroyed in crashes.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p35-224">[222]</a></dd> <dt>YF-104A</dt> <dd>The YF-104A was a pre-production aircraft used for engine, equipment, and flight testing;<a href="#cite_note-Cacutt1988p159-22">[22]</a> 17 were built, with the first flight taking place on 17 February 1956 and reaching Mach 2 for the first time on 27 April.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p75-225">[223]</a></dd> <dt>F-104A</dt> <dd>This aircraft was the initial production single-seat interceptor version, very similar to the YF-104A.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p76-226">[224]</a> A total of 153 were built.<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a> The F-104A was in USAF service from 1958 through 1960, then transferred to the Air National Guard until 1963. At that time they were recalled by the USAF Air Defense Command for the 319th and 331st Fighter Interceptor Squadrons. Some were released for export to <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, Pakistan, and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, each of which used it in combat. The 319th F-104As and Bs had their engines replaced in 1967 with the J79-GE-19, which provided 17,900 lbf (79.6 kN) of thrust in afterburner; the service ceiling with this engine was in excess of 73,000 ft (22,000 m). In 1969, all the F-104A/Bs in ADC service were retired. On 16 May 1958, an F-104A flown by USAF Captain Walter W. Irwin set a world <a href="/wiki/Flight_airspeed_record" title="Flight airspeed record">flight airspeed record</a> of 1,404.012 mph (2,259.538 km/h).<a href="#cite_note-227">[225]</a></dd> <dt>NF-104A</dt> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_NF-104A" title="Lockheed NF-104A">Lockheed NF-104A</a></div> The NF-104A was used for three demilitarized versions with an additional 6,000 lbf (27 kN) Rocketdyne LR121/AR-2-NA-1 <a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">rocket engine</a>, used for <a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">astronaut</a> training at altitudes up to 120,800 ft (36,800 m).<a href="#cite_note-228">[226]</a></dd> <dt>QF-104A</dt> <dd>A total of 24 F-104As (4 YF-104As, 20 early F-104As) were converted into radio-controlled <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">drones</a> and test aircraft. These target drones were able to be flown by onboard pilots as well as remotely controlled by pilots using radio-control equipment either on the ground or flying in other aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p76-226">[224]</a></dd> <dt>F-104B</dt> <dd>The F-104B was a tandem two-seat, dual-control <a href="/wiki/Trainer_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer (aircraft)">trainer</a> version of the F-104A.<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a> A total of 26 built, the F-104B had an enlarged rudder and ventral fin, no cannon, and reduced internal fuel, but was otherwise combat-capable.<a href="#cite_note-Pace1992pp40–41-229">[227]</a> A few were supplied to Jordan, Pakistan, and Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p77-230">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-Davies2014p73-231">[229]</a></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter_USAF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="F-104C on display, parked on tarmac" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter_USAF.jpg/220px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter_USAF.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter_USAF.jpg/330px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter_USAF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter_USAF.jpg/440px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter_USAF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1156" /></a><figcaption>F-104C at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="National Museum of the United States Air Force">National Museum of the United States Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wright-Patterson_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wright-Patterson AFB">Wright-Patterson AFB</a>, Ohio</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>F-104C</dt> <dd>A fighter-bomber for USAF Tactical Air Command, the F-104C had improved fire-control radar (AN/ASG-14T-2), one centerline and two pylons under each wing (for a total of five), and the ability to carry one <a href="/wiki/B28_nuclear_bomb" title="B28 nuclear bomb">Mk 28</a> or <a href="/wiki/B43_nuclear_bomb" title="B43 nuclear bomb">Mk 43 nuclear weapon</a> on the centerline pylon. The F-104C also had in-flight refueling capability. Seventy-seven F-104Cs were built.<a href="#cite_note-Davies2014pp18–19-232">[230]</a> On 14 December 1959, an F-104C set a world altitude record of 103,389 ft (31,513 m).<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp45,49-233">[231]</a></dd> <dt>F-104D</dt> <dd>The F-104D designation was a dual-control trainer version of the F-104C. Twenty-one examples were built.<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a></dd> <dt>F-104DJ</dt> <dd>This aircraft was a dual-control trainer version of the F-104J for the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Air_Self-Defense_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Air Self-Defense Force">Japanese Air Self-Defense Force</a> (JASDF). Lockheed built 20 F-104DJs, assembling the first at their Burbank facility, and shipping the remaining 19 to Japan for assembly by <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_Heavy_Industries" title="Kawasaki Heavy Industries">Kawasaki</a>. After their retirement in Japan, the United States delivered some these F-104J/DJs to the <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Air Force">Taiwanese Air Force</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp79,155-234">[232]</a></dd> <dt>F-104F</dt> <dd>The F-104F designation was given to a dual-control trainer based on the F-104D, but using the upgraded engine of the F-104G. It had no radar, and was not combat-capable. The F-104F was produced as an interim trainer for the German Air Force. All 30 F-104F aircraft were retired by 1972.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003pp154–155-235">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p20-236">[234]</a></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RF-101C_and_RF-104G_in_flight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Camouflaged West German RF-104G and RF-104G flying in formation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/RF-101C_and_RF-104G_in_flight.jpg/220px-RF-101C_and_RF-104G_in_flight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/RF-101C_and_RF-104G_in_flight.jpg/330px-RF-101C_and_RF-104G_in_flight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/RF-101C_and_RF-104G_in_flight.jpg/440px-RF-101C_and_RF-104G_in_flight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1893" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption>A German RF-104G in flight with a <a href="/wiki/66th_Air_Base_Wing" title="66th Air Base Wing">66th TRW</a> <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">RF-101C</a></figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>F-104G</dt> <dd>The F-104G was the most-produced version of the F-104 family, a multi-role fighter-bomber with a total of 1,127 aircraft built. They were manufactured by Lockheed, as well as under license by <a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a> and a consortium of European companies that included <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt" title="Messerschmitt">Messerschmitt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt-B%C3%B6lkow-Blohm" title="Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm">MBB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fokker" title="Fokker">Fokker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/SABCA" title="SABCA">SABCA</a>. The type featured a strengthened fuselage, wing, and empennage structures; the larger vertical fin with fully powered rudder as used on the two-seat versions; fully powered brakes, a new anti-skid system, and larger tires; revised flaps for improved combat maneuvering; and a larger braking chute. Upgraded avionics included the Autonetics NASARR F15A-41B radar with air-to-air, ground-mapping, contour-mapping, and terrain-avoidance modes, as well as the Litton <a href="/wiki/LN-3_inertial_navigation_system" title="LN-3 inertial navigation system">LN-3 inertial navigation system</a> (the first on a production fighter).<a href="#cite_note-Upton2003pp32–33-237">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pace1992p81-238">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-Donald2003pp156–157-239">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cacutt1988p165-240">[238]</a></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_RF-104G_Starfighter_van_306_squadron_met_Orpheus-pod_2193-002-008_0001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lockheed_RF-104G_Starfighter_van_306_squadron_met_Orpheus-pod_2193-002-008_0001.jpg/220px-Lockheed_RF-104G_Starfighter_van_306_squadron_met_Orpheus-pod_2193-002-008_0001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lockheed_RF-104G_Starfighter_van_306_squadron_met_Orpheus-pod_2193-002-008_0001.jpg/330px-Lockheed_RF-104G_Starfighter_van_306_squadron_met_Orpheus-pod_2193-002-008_0001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lockheed_RF-104G_Starfighter_van_306_squadron_met_Orpheus-pod_2193-002-008_0001.jpg/440px-Lockheed_RF-104G_Starfighter_van_306_squadron_met_Orpheus-pod_2193-002-008_0001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3878" /></a><figcaption>Dutch RF-104G equipped with Orpheus pod.</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>RF-104G</dt> <dd>The RF-104G was a tactical <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a> model based on the F-104G,<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a> usually with three KS-67A cameras mounted in the forward fuselage in place of the internal cannon. Many of the 189 built were subsequently reconfigured to the F-104G standard.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp85–86-241">[239]</a></dd> <dt>TF-104G</dt> <dd>A combat-capable trainer version of the F-104G,<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a> the TF-104G had no cannon or centerline pylon, and reduced internal fuel.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp89–90-242">[240]</a> One of the 220 aircraft produced was used by Lockheed as a demonstrator with the civil registration number N104L, and was flown by <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Cochran" title="Jacqueline Cochran">Jackie Cochran</a> to set three women's world speed records in 1964. This aircraft later served in the Netherlands.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p84-243">[241]</a> A pair of two-seat TF-104Gs joined the <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Flight_Research_Center" title="Armstrong Flight Research Center">NASA Dryden</a> inventory in July 1975 along with a Fokker-built former RF-104G.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p176-244">[242]</a></dd> <dt>F-104H</dt> <dd>The F-104H was a projected export version based on the F-104G with an optical gunsight and simplified equipment. It was canceled prior to construction.<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012p21-245">[243]</a></dd> <dt>F-104J</dt> <dd>The F-104J was a specialized interceptor version of the F-104G for the Japanese ASDF, built under license by Mitsubishi for the air-superiority role; it was armed with cannon and four Sidewinders, but had no strike capability. Some were converted to UF-104J radio-controlled target drones and destroyed. A total of 210 were built, three by Lockheed, 29 by Mitsubishi from Lockheed-sourced components, and 178 by Mitsubishi.<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[244]</a> After being retired in Japan, the U.S. delivered some of these 104J/DJs to the air force of Taiwan.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp79,155-234">[232]</a></dd> <dt>F-104N</dt> <dd>Three unarmed and lighter F-104Gs were delivered to <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> in 1963 for use as high-speed chase aircraft and given the designation F-104N.<a href="#cite_note-247">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-248">[246]</a> One, piloted by Joe Walker, collided with an XB-70 on 8 June 1966.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp93,175-249">[247]</a></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F104s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Italian F-104S parked on tarmac with underwing-mounted AIM-7 Sparrow missiles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e1/F104s.jpg/170px-F104s.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e1/F104s.jpg/255px-F104s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e1/F104s.jpg/340px-F104s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italian Air Force</a> F-104S in original camouflage scheme with <a href="/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow" title="AIM-7 Sparrow">AIM-7 Sparrow</a> missiles mounted under the wings, c. 1969</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>F-104S</dt> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Aeritalia_F-104S" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeritalia F-104S">Aeritalia F-104S</a></div> <a href="/wiki/FIAT" class="mw-redirect" title="FIAT">FIAT</a> built 246 of the final production version, the F-104S (one of these aircraft crashed prior to delivery and is often not included in the total number produced). Forty of these aircraft were delivered to the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkish Air Force</a> and the rest to the Italian Air Force (Aeronautica Militare Italiana).<a href="#cite_note-Matricardi2006p130-250">[248]</a> The F-104S was upgraded for the interception role, adding the NASARR R-21G/H radar with moving-target indicator and continuous-wave illuminator for semi-active radar homing missiles (initially the AIM-7 Sparrow), two additional wing and two underbelly hardpoints (increasing the total to nine), the more powerful J79-GE-19 engine, and two additional ventral fins to increase stability. The M61 cannon was sacrificed to make room for the missile avionics in the interceptor version, but was retained for the fighter-bomber variant. Typically two Sparrow and two (and sometimes four or six) Sidewinder missiles were carried on all the hardpoints except the central (underbelly), or up to seven 750 lb (340 kg) bombs (normally two to four 500–750 lb [230–340 kg] bombs). The F-104S was cleared for a higher maximum takeoff weight, allowing it to carry up to 7,500 lb (3,400 kg) of stores; other Starfighters had a maximum external load of 4,000 lb (1,800 kg). Its combat radius was up to 775 mi (1,247 km) with four external fuel tanks.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000p108-251">[249]</a></dd> <dt>F-104S-ASA (Aggiornamento Sistemi d'Arma – "Weapon Systems Update")</dt> <dd>This was an upgraded F-104S equipped with the Fiat R21G/M1 radar with <a href="/wiki/Frequency_hopping" class="mw-redirect" title="Frequency hopping">frequency hopping</a> and a look-down/shoot-down capability, new <a href="/wiki/Identification_friend_or_foe" title="Identification friend or foe">IFF</a> system and weapon delivery computer, and provision for the AIM-9L all-aspect Sidewinder and Selenia Aspide missiles. A total of 150 were built, with the first flight in 1985.<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a></dd> <dt>F-104S-ASA/M (Aggiornamento Sistemi d'Arma/Modificato – "Weapon Systems Update/Modified")</dt> <dd>Forty-nine airframes were upgraded from 1995 to 1997 to ASA/M standard with <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a>, new TACAN, and Litton LN-30A2 INS, a refurbished airframe, and improved cockpit displays. All strike-related equipment was removed. The last Starfighters in combat service, the F-104S-ASA/M was withdrawn in October 2004 and temporarily replaced by the F-16 Fighting Falcon, while awaiting <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a> deliveries.<a href="#cite_note-Paloque2012pp18,21-252">[250]</a></dd> <dt>CF-104</dt> <dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadair CF-104">Canadair CF-104</a></div> CF-104 was the designation applied to 200 Canadian-built versions, built under license by Canadair.<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a> Optimized for nuclear strike, the CF-104 NASARR R-24A radar with air-to-air modes was removed and the cannon deleted (both were restored after 1972). It had an additional internal fuel cell, and a license-built <a href="/wiki/Orenda_Engines" title="Orenda Engines">Orenda Engines</a> J79-OEL-7 turbojet with 10,000 lbf (44 kN)/15,800 lbf (70 kN) thrust.<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003p148-253">[251]</a></dd> <dt>CF-104D</dt> <dd>The CF-104D was a dual-control trainer version of the CF-104, built by Lockheed, but with Canadian J79-OEL-7 engines. Thirty-eight were built,<a href="#cite_note-Donald1997p578-46">[46]</a> with some later being transferred to Denmark, Norway, and Turkey.<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp100,115,117–118-254">[252]</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production_summary_table_and_costs">Production summary table and costs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Production summary table and costs">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:97%;"> <caption>Production summary<a href="#cite_note-Bowman2000pp182–188-255">[253]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Type </th> <th>Lockheed </th> <th>Multi- national </th> <th>Canadair </th> <th>Fiat </th> <th>Fokker </th> <th>MBB<a href="#cite_note-Mess-256">[c]</a> </th> <th>Messer- schmitt<a href="#cite_note-Mess-256">[c]</a> </th> <th>Mitsubishi </th> <th>SABCA </th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <th>XF-104 </th> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>2 </th></tr> <tr> <th>YF-104A </th> <td>17 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>17 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104A </th> <td>153 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>153 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104B </th> <td>26 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>26 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104C </th> <td>77 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>77 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104D </th> <td>21 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>21 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104DJ </th> <td>20 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>20 </th></tr> <tr> <th>CF-104 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>200 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>200 </th></tr> <tr> <th>CF-104D </th> <td>38 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>38 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104F </th> <td>30 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>30 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104G </th> <td>139 </td> <td> </td> <td>140 </td> <td>169 </td> <td>231 </td> <td>50 </td> <td>210 </td> <td> </td> <td>188<a href="#cite_note-testflight-257">[d]</a> </td> <th>1127 </th></tr> <tr> <th>RF-104G </th> <td>40 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>30 </td> <td>119 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>189 </th></tr> <tr> <th>TF-104G </th> <td>172 </td> <td>48 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>220 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104J </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>207 </td> <td> </td> <th>210 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104N </th> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>3 </th></tr> <tr> <th>F-104S </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>245<a href="#cite_note-testflight-257">[d]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>245 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Total by manufacturer </th> <th>741 </th> <th>48 </th> <th>340 </th> <th>444 </th> <th>350 </th> <th>50 </th> <th>210 </th> <th>207 </th> <th>188 </th> <th>2578 </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:97%;"> <caption>F-104 costs (US dollars, 1960)<a href="#cite_note-Knaack1978pp179–187-258">[254]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th>F-104A</th> <th>F-104B</th> <th>F-104C</th> <th>F-104D</th> <th>F-104G</th> <th>TF-104G </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Unit <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">R&D</a> cost </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td>189,473</td> <td>189,473</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Airframe </th> <td>1,026,859</td> <td>1,756,388</td> <td>863,235</td> <td>873,952</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Engine </th> <td>624,727</td> <td>336,015</td> <td>473,729</td> <td>271,148</td> <td>169,000</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Electronics </th> <td>3,419</td> <td>13,258</td> <td>5,219</td> <td>16,210</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Armament </th> <td>19,706</td> <td>231,996</td> <td>91,535</td> <td>269,014</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Ordnance </th> <td>29,517</td> <td>59,473</td> <td>44,684</td> <td>70,067</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Flyaway_cost" title="Flyaway cost">Flyaway cost</a> </th> <td>1,700,000</td> <td>2,400,000</td> <td>1,500,000</td> <td>1,500,000</td> <td>1,420,000</td> <td>1,260,000 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Modification costs by 1973 </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td>198,348</td> <td>196,396</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Cost per flying hour </th> <td>655</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right;"> <th>Maintenance cost per flying hour </th> <td>395</td> <td>544</td> <td>395</td> <td>395</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Operators">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-104_Starfighter_Operators.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="World map color-coded to show former Lockheed F-104 Starfighter operators" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/F-104_Starfighter_Operators.png/330px-F-104_Starfighter_Operators.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/F-104_Starfighter_Operators.png/495px-F-104_Starfighter_Operators.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/F-104_Starfighter_Operators.png/660px-F-104_Starfighter_Operators.png 2x" data-file-width="2753" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Former Lockheed F-104 Starfighter operators</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_operators" title="List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter operators">List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter operators</a></div> The F-104 was operated by the militaries of the following nations:<a href="#cite_note-Donald2003pp178–180-259">[255]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan (Republic of China)</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div> As of 2019,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit">[update]</a> the <a href="/wiki/FAA" class="mw-redirect" title="FAA">FAA</a> registry listed 12 privately owned F-104s in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-260">[256]</a> Starfighters Inc, a civilian demonstration team in Florida, operates several former Italian Air Force F-104 Starfighters.<a href="#cite_note-261">[257]</a> Another, 5303 (104633), civil registry N104JR, is owned and operated by a private collector in Arizona.<a href="#cite_note-262">[258]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(F-104G)">Specifications (F-104G)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Specifications (F-104G)">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:492px;max-width:492px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:341px;max-width:341px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="3-view line drawing of the Lockheed F-104C Starfighter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter.svg/339px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter.svg.png" decoding="async" width="339" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter.svg/509px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter.svg/678px-Lockheed_F-104C_Starfighter.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1602" data-file-height="818" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_F-104B_Starfighter_3-view_line_drawing.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="3-view line drawing of the Lockheed F-104B Starfighter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Lockheed_F-104B_Starfighter_3-view_line_drawing.png/145px-Lockheed_F-104B_Starfighter_3-view_line_drawing.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Lockheed_F-104B_Starfighter_3-view_line_drawing.png/218px-Lockheed_F-104B_Starfighter_3-view_line_drawing.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Lockheed_F-104B_Starfighter_3-view_line_drawing.png/290px-Lockheed_F-104B_Starfighter_3-view_line_drawing.png 2x" data-file-width="2106" data-file-height="2506" /></a></div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External image</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-style: italic">Lockheed F-104 Starfighter Cutaway</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308213659/http://www.flightglobal.com/airspace/media/militaryaviation1946-2006cutaways/images/11679/lockheed-f-104-starfighter-cutaway.jpg">Lockheed F-104 Starfighter Cutaway from</a> <a href="/wiki/Flightglobal.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Flightglobal.com">Flightglobal.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Data from Quest for Performance (NASA)<a href="#cite_note-263">[259]</a>General characteristics <ul><li>Crew: 1</li> <li>Length: 54 ft 8 in (16.66 m)</li> <li>Wingspan: 21 ft 9 in (6.63 m)</li> <li>Height: 13 ft 6 in (4.11 m)</li> <li>Wing area: 196.1 sq ft (18.22 m2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">Airfoil</a>: Biconvex 3.36% root and tip</li> <li>Empty weight: 14,000 lb (6,350 kg)</li> <li>Max takeoff weight: 29,027 lb (13,166 kg)</li> <li>Powerplant: 1 × <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_J79" title="General Electric J79">General Electric J79</a> afterburning turbojet, 10,000 lbf (44 kN) thrust dry, 15,600 lbf (69 kN) with afterburner</li></ul> Performance <ul><li>Maximum speed: 1,528 mph (2,459 km/h, 1,328 kn)</li> <li>Maximum speed: Mach 2</li> <li>Combat range: 420 mi (680 km, 360 nmi)</li> <li>Ferry range: 1,630 mi (2,620 km, 1,420 nmi)</li> <li>Service ceiling: 73,000 ft (22,000 m)</li> <li>Rate of climb: 48,000 ft/min (240 m/s) Initially</li> <li>Lift-to-drag: 9.2</li> <li>Wing loading: 105 lb/sq ft (510 kg/m2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrust-to-weight_ratio" title="Thrust-to-weight ratio">Thrust/weight</a>: 0.54 with max. takeoff weight (0.76 loaded)</li></ul> Armament <ul><li>Guns: 1 × <a href="/wiki/20_mm_caliber" title="20 mm caliber">20 mm (0.787 in)</a> <a href="/wiki/M61_Vulcan" title="M61 Vulcan">M61A1 Vulcan</a> 6-barreled rotary cannon, 725 rounds</li> <li>Hardpoints: 7 with a capacity of 4,000 lb (1,800 kg), with provisions to carry combinations of: <ul><li>Missiles: 4 × <a href="/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder" title="AIM-9 Sidewinder">AIM-9 Sidewinder</a></li> <li>Other: Bombs, rockets, or other stores</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/28px-Aviacionavion.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/42px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/56px-Aviacionavion.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Aviation" title="Portal:Aviation">Aviation portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_in_fiction#F-104_Starfighter" title="Aircraft in fiction">Aircraft in fiction#F-104 Starfighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_surviving_Lockheed_F-104_Starfighters" title="List of surviving Lockheed F-104 Starfighters">List of surviving Lockheed F-104 Starfighters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Eagle_Project" title="North American Eagle Project">North American Eagle Project</a></li></ul> Related development <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeritalia_F-104S_Starfighter" title="Aeritalia F-104S Starfighter">Aeritalia F-104S Starfighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">Canadair CF-104 Starfighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">CL-1200 Lancer and X-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_NF-104A" title="Lockheed NF-104A">Lockheed NF-104A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter">Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">Lockheed U-2</a></li></ul> Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_III" title="Dassault Mirage III">Dassault Mirage III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Electric_Lightning" title="English Electric Lightning">English Electric Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EWR_VJ_101" title="EWR VJ 101">EWR VJ 101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-21" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_F11F-1F_Super_Tiger" title="Grumman F11F-1F Super Tiger">Grumman F11F-1F Super Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunders-Roe_SR.177" title="Saunders-Roe SR.177">Saunders-Roe SR.177</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-15" title="Sukhoi Su-15">Sukhoi Su-15</a></li></ul> Related lists <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fighter_aircraft" title="List of fighter aircraft">List of fighter aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aircraft_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of military aircraft of the United States">List of military aircraft of the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> FAI record no. 5056. </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> The lower-altitude records were surpassed in February 1962 by the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_T-38_Talon" title="Northrop T-38 Talon">Northrop T-38 Talon</a>, and soon after all of the time-to-climb records were broken by the F-4 Phantom. The T-38 time-to-climb records are ID numbers 8718, 8604, 8599, and 8719 in the FAI database. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mess-256">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mess_256-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mess_256-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt" title="Messerschmitt">Messerschmitt</a> later merged into <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt-B%C3%B6lkow-Blohm" title="Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm">Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm</a> (MBB), eventually part of <a href="/wiki/EADS" class="mw-redirect" title="EADS">EADS</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-testflight-257">^ <a href="#cite_ref-testflight_257-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testflight_257-1">b</a> One aircraft crashed on test-flight and is not included. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Kropf2002p11-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kropf2002p11_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kropf2002p11_1-1">b</a> Kropf 2002, p. 11. </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton2003p7-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Upton2003p7_2-0">^</a> Upton 2003, p. 7. </li> <li id="cite_note-Pace1992p10-3"><a href="#cite_ref-Pace1992p10_3-0">^</a> Pace 1992, p. 10. </li> <li id="cite_note-Bowman2000p26-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Bowman2000p26_4-0">^</a> Bowman 2000, p. 26. </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton2003p8-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Upton2003p8_5-0">^</a> Upton 2003, p. 8. </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton2003p9-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Upton2003p9_6-0">^</a> Upton 2003, p. 9. </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton2003p10-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Upton2003p10_7-0">^</a> Upton 2003, p. 10. </li> <li id="cite_note-Bashow1986p13-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Bashow1986p13_8-0">^</a> Bashow 1986, p. 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-Pace1992pp12,15-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Pace1992pp12,15_9-0">^</a> Pace 1992, pp. 12, 15. </li> <li id="cite_note-Bowman2000p32-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bowman2000p32_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bowman2000p32_10-1">b</a> Bowman 2000, p. 32. </li> <li id="cite_note-Pace1992pp12–15-11"><a href="#cite_ref-Pace1992pp12–15_11-0">^</a> Pace 1992, pp. 12–15. </li> <li id="cite_note-Pace1992p15-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Pace1992p15_12-0">^</a> Pace 1992, p. 15. </li> <li id="cite_note-Bowman2000p31-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bowman2000p31_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bowman2000p31_13-1">b</a> Bowman 2000, p. 31. </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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"Trauma & Reconstruction (1971-1980)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capitolhillbooks-dc.com/pages/books/13153/hussaini-tanvir-m-ahmed-jamal-a-khan-text-intro/paf-over-the-years">PAF over the Years</a> (Revised ed.). p. 85.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Trauma+%26+Reconstruction+%281971-1980%29&rft.btitle=PAF+over+the+Years&rft.pages=85&rft.edition=Revised&rft.au=Group+Captain+%28R%29+Husseini+%26+Pakistan+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitolhillbooks-dc.com%2Fpages%2Fbooks%2F13153%2Fhussaini-tanvir-m-ahmed-jamal-a-khan-text-intro%2Fpaf-over-the-years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation interview cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=dJmOpbkS50g&feature=youtu.be">"S. M. Hali: New revelations on India's invasion of Pakistan in 1971"</a> (Interview). Interviewed by Ahmed Qureshi. PTV News. 23 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=S.+M.+Hali%3A+New+revelations+on+India%27s+invasion+of+Pakistan+in+1971&rft.pub=PTV+News&rft.date=2021-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DdJmOpbkS50g%26feature%3Dyoutu.be&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRafae_Bhatti2019" class="citation web cs1">Rafae Bhatti (6 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.com.pk/article/87496/remembering-war-hero-air-commodore-rashid-bhatti-an-outstanding-soldier-and-father">"Remembering war hero Air Commodore Rashid Bhatti: an outstanding soldier and father"</a>. eTribune.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eTribune.com&rft.atitle=Remembering+war+hero+Air+Commodore+Rashid+Bhatti%3A+an+outstanding+soldier+and+father&rft.date=2019-09-06&rft.au=Rafae+Bhatti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Farticle%2F87496%2Fremembering-war-hero-air-commodore-rashid-bhatti-an-outstanding-soldier-and-father&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGroup_Captain_(R)_Husseini_&_Pakistan_Air_Force" class="citation book cs1">Group Captain (R) Husseini & Pakistan Air Force. "Trauma & Reconstruction (1971-1980)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capitolhillbooks-dc.com/pages/books/13153/hussaini-tanvir-m-ahmed-jamal-a-khan-text-intro/paf-over-the-years">PAF over the Years</a> (Revised ed.). p. 83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Trauma+%26+Reconstruction+%281971-1980%29&rft.btitle=PAF+over+the+Years&rft.pages=83&rft.edition=Revised&rft.au=Group+Captain+%28R%29+Husseini+%26+Pakistan+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitolhillbooks-dc.com%2Fpages%2Fbooks%2F13153%2Fhussaini-tanvir-m-ahmed-jamal-a-khan-text-intro%2Fpaf-over-the-years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hijazi-117"><a href="#cite_ref-hijazi_117-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA.Q_Hijazi1988" class="citation book cs1">A.Q Hijazi (January 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Story-Pakistan-Force-Courage-Honour/dp/B000I9RMGI#">The Story Of The Pakistan Air Force. A Saga Of Courage And Honour</a>. Shaheen Foundation – via Amazon.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+Of+The+Pakistan+Air+Force.+A+Saga+Of+Courage+And+Honour.&rft.pub=Shaheen+Foundation&rft.date=1988-01&rft.au=A.Q+Hijazi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FStory-Pakistan-Force-Courage-Honour%2Fdp%2FB000I9RMGI%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAzam_Qadri" class="citation book cs1">Azam Qadri. "Decorated Shaheeds of 1971 War". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paf.gov.pk/asset/appattachments/Sentinels_in-the_sky.pdf">Sentinels in the sky</a> (PDF). p. 309.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Decorated+Shaheeds+of+1971+War&rft.btitle=Sentinels+in+the+sky&rft.pages=309&rft.au=Azam+Qadri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.paf.gov.pk%2Fasset%2Fappattachments%2FSentinels_in-the_sky.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|website=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_E._Davies" class="citation book cs1">Peter E. 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Retrieved 12 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nss.org&rft.atitle=Remembering+One+Of+The+%22MOL+Men%22%3A+Major+Robert+H.+Lawrence%2C+Jr.&rft.date=2018-02-03&rft.aulast=Carney&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspace.nss.org%2Fremembering-one-of-the-mol-men-major-robert-h-lawrence-jr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis,_John_K.2017" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, John K., John K. and Mike Machat (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZK84DwAAQBAJ&q=%22iven+carl+kincheloe+jr%22+%22f-104%22&pg=PA148">1001 Aviation Facts : Amazing and Little-known Information About All Aspects of Aviation</a>. Forest Lake, Minnesota: Specialty Press. p. 148. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58007-244-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58007-244-1"><bdi>978-1-58007-244-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved 12 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1001+Aviation+Facts+%3A+Amazing+and+Little-known+Information+About+All+Aspects+of+Aviation&rft.place=Forest+Lake%2C+Minnesota&rft.pages=148&rft.pub=Specialty+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-58007-244-1&rft.aulast=Lewis%2C+John+K.&rft.aufirst=John+K.+and+Mike+Machat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZK84DwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522iven%2Bcarl%2Bkincheloe%2Bjr%2522%2B%2522f-104%2522%26pg%3DPA148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200731051438/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/armstrong/news/Biographies/Pilots/bd-dfrc-p019.html">"Former Pilots: Joseph A. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=&Modeltxt=F104&PageNo=1">the original</a> on 1 September 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=faa.gov&rft.atitle=FAA+Registry&rft.au=FAARegistry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FAcftRef_Results.aspx%3FMfrtxt%3D%26Modeltxt%3DF104%26PageNo%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="#cite_ref-261">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.starfighters.net/the-f-104">"The F-104"</a>. Starfighters Aerospace. Retrieved 24 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Starfighters+Aerospace&rft.atitle=The+F-104&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.starfighters.net%2Fthe-f-104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> Baugher, Joe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_fighters/f104_28.html">"Lockheed CF-104D Starfighter".</a> American Military Aircraft: Canadair CF-104D Starfighter, 20 January 2003. Retrieved: 24 February 2009. </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">^</a> Loftin, LK, Jr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-468/cover.htm">"NASA SP-468: Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060613210139/http://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-468/cover.htm">Archived</a> 13 June 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> NASA. Retrieved: 22 April 2006. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Bashow, David L. Starfighter: A Loving Retrospective of the CF-104 Era in Canadian Fighter Aviation, 1961–1986. Stoney Creek, Ontario: Fortress Publications Inc., 1990. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-919195-12-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-919195-12-1">0-919195-12-1</a>.</li> <li>Bashow, David L. "Starwarrior: A First Hand Look at Lockheed's F-104, One of the Most Ambitious Fighters ever Designed!" Wings, Vol. 16, no. 3, June 1986.</li> <li>Bowman, Martin W. Lockheed F-104 Starfighter. Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK: Crowood Press Ltd., 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86126-314-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-86126-314-7">1-86126-314-7</a>.</li> <li>Cacutt, Len. The World's Greatest Aircraft. New York, NY: Exeter Books, 1988. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7917-0011-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7917-0011-9">0-7917-0011-9</a>.</li> <li>Caygill, Peter. Lightning Eject: The Dubious Safety Record of Britain's Only Supersonic Fighter. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Books Ltd., 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84884-885-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84884-885-6">978-1-84884-885-6</a>.</li> <li>Davies, Peter E. F-104 Starfighter Units in Combat. New York, NY: Osprey Publishing Limited, 2014. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78096-313-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78096-313-6">978-1-78096-313-6</a>.</li> <li>Dobryzński, Jarosław, and Lieuwe de Vries. Lockheed F-104 Starfighter. Sandomierz, Poland: Stratus S.C. for MMP, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-36367-839-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-36367-839-5">978-8-36367-839-5</a>.</li> <li>Donald, David, ed. Century Jets. Norwalk, Connecticut: AIRtime Publishing, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-880588-68-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-880588-68-4">1-880588-68-4</a>.</li> <li>Donald, David, ed. Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. New York, New York: <a href="/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnes & Noble Books">Barnes & Noble Books</a>, 1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7607-0592-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7607-0592-5">0-7607-0592-5</a>.</li> <li>Drendel, Lou. F-104 Starfighter in action, Aircraft No. 27. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1976. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89747-026-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-89747-026-5">0-89747-026-5</a>.</li> <li>Fricker, John and Paul Jackson. "Lockheed F-104 Starfighter". Wings of Fame, Volume 2, 1996, pp. 38–99. London: Aerospace Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-874023-69-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-874023-69-7">1-874023-69-7</a>.</li> <li>Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. The Great Book of Fighters. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7603-1194-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7603-1194-3">0-7603-1194-3</a>.</li> <li>Higham, Robin and Carol Williams. Flying Combat Aircraft of USAAF-USAF (Vol.2). Manhattan, Kansas: Sunflower University Press, 1978. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8138-0375-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8138-0375-6">0-8138-0375-6</a>.</li> <li>Hobson, Chris. Vietnam Air Losses, USAF, USN, USMC, Fixed-Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85780-115-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85780-115-6">1-85780-115-6</a>.</li> <li>Jackson, Paul A. German Military Aviation 1956–1976. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1976. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-904597-03-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-904597-03-2">0-904597-03-2</a>.</li> <li>Jagan, Mohan P.V.S. and Samir Chopra. The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965. New Delhi: Manohar, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7304-641-7" title="Special:BookSources/81-7304-641-7">81-7304-641-7</a>.</li> <li>Jenkins, Dennis R. "Hun Heaven, The Super Sabre Dance." Wings Magazine, Vol. 35, No. 12, December 2005.</li> <li>Jenkins, Dennis R. and Tony R. Landis. Experimental & Prototype U.S. Air Force Jet Fighters. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58007-111-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58007-111-6">978-1-58007-111-6</a>.</li> <li>Käsmann, Ferdinand C.W. Die schnellsten Jets der Welt (German language) Planegg, Germany: Aviatic-Verl., 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-925505-26-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-925505-26-1">3-925505-26-1</a>.</li> <li>Kinzey, Bert. F-104 Starfighter in Detail & Scale. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: TAB books, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85310-626-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85310-626-7">1-85310-626-7</a>.</li> <li>Knaack, Marcelle Size. Encyclopedia of USAF Aircraft and Missile Systems: Vol. 1, Post-WW II Fighters 1945–1973. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History, 1978. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912799-59-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-912799-59-5">0-912799-59-5</a></li> <li>Kropf, Klaus. German Starfighters. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85780-124-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-85780-124-5">1-85780-124-5</a>.</li> <li>Matricardi, Paolo. Aerei militari: Caccia e ricognitori, Volume 1. Milan: Mondadori Electa, 2006. No ISBN.</li> <li>Nicolli, Ricardo. "Starfighters in the AMI". <a href="/wiki/Air_International" title="Air International">Air International</a>, Volume 31, No. 6, December 1986, pp. 306–313, 321–322.</li> <li>Pace, Steve. Lockheed F-104 Starfighter. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87938-608-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87938-608-8">0-87938-608-8</a>.</li> <li>Pace, Steve. X-Fighters: USAF Experimental and Prototype Fighters, XP-59 to YF-23. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87938-540-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-87938-540-5">0-87938-540-5</a>.</li> <li>Paloque, Gérard. F-104 Lockheed Starfighter, 1958–2000. Paris: Histoire & Collections, 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-35250-229-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-35250-229-6">978-2-35250-229-6</a>.</li> <li>Reed, Arthur. F-104 Starfighter – Modern Combat Aircraft 9. London: Ian Allan Ltd., 1981. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7110-1089-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7110-1089-7">0-7110-1089-7</a>.</li> <li>Smith, Philip E. and Peggy Herz. Journey into Darkness: the Gripping Story of an American Pow's Seven Years Trapped Inside Red China During the Vietnam War. New York: Pocket Books, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-72823-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-72823-7">0-671-72823-7</a>.</li> <li>Spitzmiller, Ted. The Century Series: The USAF Quest for Air Supremacy 1950–1960. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7643-4038-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7643-4038-3">978-0-7643-4038-3</a>.</li> <li>Stachiw, Anthony L. and Andrew Tattersall. CF-104 Starfighter (Aircraft in Canadian Service). St. Catharine's, Ontario, Canada: Vanwell Publishing Limited, 2007. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55125-114-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-55125-114-0">1-55125-114-0</a>.</li> <li>Susans, M.R. The RAAF Mirage Story. Point Cook, Victoria: Royal Australian Air Force Museum, 1990. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0%2B642%2B14835%2BX" title="Special:BookSources/0+642+14835+X">0 642 14835 X</a>.</li> <li>Thompson, J. Steve with Peter C. Smith. Air Combat Manoeuvres: The Technique and History of Air Fighting for Flight Simulation. Hersham, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan Publishing, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-903223-98-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-903223-98-7">978-1-903223-98-7</a>.</li> <li>Thompson, Warren. "Starfighter in Vietnam". International Air Power Review. Volume 12, Spring 2004. Norwalk, Connecticut, USA: AirTime Publishing. 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-880588-77-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-880588-77-3">1-880588-77-3</a>.</li> <li>Toliver, Raymond F. and <a href="/wiki/Trevor_James_Constable" title="Trevor James Constable">Trevor J. Constable</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Blond_Knight_of_Germany" title="The Blond Knight of Germany">Holt Hartmann vom Himmel!</a> (in German) Stuttgart, Germany: Motorbuch Verlag, 1985. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-87943-216-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-87943-216-3">3-87943-216-3</a></li> <li>Upton, Jim. Warbird Tech – Lockheed F-104 Starfighter. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58007-069-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-58007-069-8">1-58007-069-8</a>.</li> <li>USAF Class A mishap rates through the end of 2007. Kirtland AFB, New Mexico: USAF Safety and Inspection Center, 2007.</li> <li>van der Zeeuw, Ton. "Lockheed F-104G Starfighter." Vliegend in Nederland 2 (in Dutch). Eindhoven, Netherlands: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flash_Aviation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flash Aviation (page does not exist)">Flash Aviation</a>, 1987. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-71553-03-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-71553-03-5">978-90-71553-03-5</a>.</li> <li>Weal, John. "Jagdeschwader 'Richthofen': Phoenix Twice Risen". Wings of Fame, Volume 1, 1995, pp. 142–165. London: Aerospace Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-874023-68-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-874023-68-9">1-874023-68-9</a>.</li> <li>Weaver, Michael E. "Making A Difference: The Tennessee Air National Guard in the Berlin Crisis," The Journal of East Tennessee History 79 (2007), 1–19.</li> <li>Yeager, Chuck and Leo Janos. Yeager, An Autobiography. New York: Bantam Books, 1985. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-553-05093-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-553-05093-1">0-553-05093-1</a>.</li> <li>Windle, Dave and Bowman, Martin. Profiles of Flight, Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, Interceptor/Strike/Reconnaissance Fighter. (2011) Pen and Sword, Great Britain. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84884-449-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84884-449-0">978-1-84884-449-0</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZabecki2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_T._Zabecki" title="David T. Zabecki">Zabecki, David T.</a>, ed. (2014). Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History. London: ABC-Clio. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-980-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-980-6"><bdi>978-1-59884-980-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Germany+at+War%3A+400+Years+of+Military+History&rft.place=London&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-980-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALockheed+F-104+Starfighter" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lockheed F-104 Starfighter">Lockheed F-104 Starfighter</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1139745/yesterdays-air-force-f-104-starfighter/source/GovD/">Yesterday's Air Force: F-104 Starfighter</a> – United States Air Force</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081208050446/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=2311">Lockheed XF-104 to F-104A</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141227123801/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=2310">F-104B/D</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141227133156/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=2312">F-104C</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141227123625/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=2313">F-104G pages on USAF National Museum site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.i-f-s.nl/">The International F-104 Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%201518.html">"Super Starfighter"</a> a 1961 Flight article</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vintagetin.net/F-104Starfighter/">Over, under, around and through: Hi-res spherical panoramas of the 'Starfighters Aerospace' fleet</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li>Weaver, Michael E. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170417145702/http://www.teachtnhistory.org/file/Making%20a%20Difference-%20The%20TN%20Air%20National%20Guard%20during%20the%20Berlin%20Crisis,%201961-1962%20(Weaver).pdf">Making a Difference: The Tennessee Air National Guard during the Berlin Crisis, 1961–1962.</a>" The Journal of East Tennessee History 79 (2007): 1–19.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.916-starfighter.de/main.htm">916 Starfighter</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:F-104_family" title="Template:F-104 family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:F-104_family" title="Template talk:F-104 family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:F-104_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:F-104 family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_family" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_variants" title="List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter variants">F-104 Starfighter family</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter">XF-104</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">F-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_NF-104A" title="Lockheed NF-104A">NF-104</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">X-27</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-288" title="Lockheed CL-288">CL-288</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">CL-1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">CL-1400</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aeritalia" title="Aeritalia">Aeritalia</a> (Italy)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeritalia_F-104S_Starfighter" title="Aeritalia F-104S Starfighter">F-104S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a> (Canada)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">CF-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">CF-111</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a> (Italy)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeritalia_F-104S_Starfighter" title="Aeritalia F-104S Starfighter">F-104S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a> (Japan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">F-104J</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Eagle_Project" title="North American Eagle Project">North American Eagle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/N104RB_Red_Baron" title="N104RB Red Baron">Red Baron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_bribery_scandals" title="Lockheed bribery scandals">Bribery scandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_in_fiction#F-104_Starfighter" title="Aircraft in fiction">In fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_operators" title="List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter operators">Operators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_surviving_Lockheed_F-104_Starfighters" title="List of surviving Lockheed F-104 Starfighters">Survivors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter_variants" title="List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter variants">Variants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starfighters_Inc" title="Starfighters Inc">Starfighters Inc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lockheed_and_Lockheed_Martin_aircraft_and_spacecraft" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lockheed_Martin_aircraft" title="Template:Lockheed Martin aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lockheed_Martin_aircraft" title="Template talk:Lockheed Martin aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lockheed_Martin_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lockheed Martin aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lockheed_and_Lockheed_Martin_aircraft_and_spacecraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> aircraft and spacecraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Vega family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Vega" title="Lockheed Vega">1 & 2 Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Air_Express" title="Lockheed Air Express">3 Air Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Explorer" title="Lockheed Explorer">4 Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Vega" title="Lockheed Vega">5 Vega</a></li> <li>61</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Explorer" title="Lockheed Explorer">7 Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_8_Sirius" title="Lockheed Model 8 Sirius">8 Sirius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Altair" title="Lockheed Altair">8-D, E & G Altair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_9_Orion" title="Lockheed Model 9 Orion">9 Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Vega" title="Lockheed Vega">DL.1 Vega</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Electra family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_10_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 10 Electra">10 Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_12_Electra_Junior" title="Lockheed Model 12 Electra Junior">12 Electra Junior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_14_Super_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra">14 Super Electra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Hudson" title="Lockheed Hudson">414 Hudson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_18_Lodestar" title="Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar">18 Lodestar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">37 Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_PV-2_Harpoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed PV-2 Harpoon">43 Harpoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Constellation family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Constellation" title="Lockheed Constellation">Constellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-049_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-049 Constellation">L-049</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-649_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-649 Constellation">L-649</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-749_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-749 Constellation">L-749</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1049_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation">L-1049</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1249_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1249 Super Constellation">L-1249</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1649_Starliner" title="Lockheed L-1649 Starliner">L-1649 Starliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-69_Constellation" title="Lockheed C-69 Constellation">C-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-121_Constellation" title="Lockheed C-121 Constellation">C-121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-121_Warning_Star" title="Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star">EC-121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XB-30" title="Lockheed XB-30">XB-30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">C-130 Hercules family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">C-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_C-130J_Super_Hercules" title="Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules">C-130J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AC-130" title="Lockheed AC-130">AC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_DC-130" title="Lockheed DC-130">DC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_HC-130" title="Lockheed HC-130">HC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-130" title="Lockheed EC-130">EC-130</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-130H_Compass_Call" title="Lockheed EC-130H Compass Call">EC-130H</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_KC-130" title="Lockheed Martin KC-130">KC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_LC-130" title="Lockheed LC-130">LC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_MC-130" title="Lockheed MC-130">MC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_WC-130" title="Lockheed WC-130">WC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_E-130J" title="Lockheed Martin E-130J">E-130J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-100_Hercules" title="Lockheed L-100 Hercules">L-100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">L-188 Electra family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-188_Electra" title="Lockheed L-188 Electra">L-188</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">P-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EP-3" title="Lockheed EP-3">EP-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CP-140_Aurora" title="Lockheed CP-140 Aurora">CP-140</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-7" title="Lockheed P-7">P-7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Other types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-5_Galaxy" title="Lockheed C-5 Galaxy">C-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-141_Starlifter" title="Lockheed C-141 Starlifter">C-141</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_44_Excalibur" title="Lockheed Model 44 Excalibur">Excalibur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_JetStar" title="Lockheed JetStar">JetStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1011_TriStar" title="Lockheed L-1011 TriStar">L-1011 Tristar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_TriStar_(RAF)" title="Lockheed TriStar (RAF)">RAF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-2000" title="Lockheed L-2000">L-2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Saturn" title="Lockheed Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_Model_2_Starliner" title="Vega Model 2 Starliner">Vega Starliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_R6V_Constitution" title="Lockheed R6V Constitution">R6V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighter-bombers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Lightning family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">P-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XP-49" title="Lockheed XP-49">XP-49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XP-58_Chain_Lightning" title="Lockheed XP-58 Chain Lightning">XP-58</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Shooting Star family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">F-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">F-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T-33" title="Lockheed T-33">T-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T2V_SeaStar" title="Lockheed T2V SeaStar">T2V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Starfighter family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter">XF-104</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">F-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_NF-104A" title="Lockheed NF-104A">NF-104A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-288" title="Lockheed CL-288">CL-288</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">CL-1200</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Raptor family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YF-22" title="Lockheed YF-22">YF-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor" title="Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor">F-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_FB-22" title="Lockheed Martin FB-22">FB-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-44_MANTA" title="Lockheed Martin X-44 MANTA">X-44 MANTA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Other types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_A-4AR_Fightinghawk" title="Lockheed Martin A-4AR Fightinghawk">A-4AR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YP-24" title="Lockheed YP-24">A-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-21" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed Martin F-21">F-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">F-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-117_Nighthawk" title="Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk">F-117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XFM-2" title="Lockheed XFM-2">XFM-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-90" title="Lockheed XF-90">XF-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YP-24" title="Lockheed YP-24">YP-24</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reconnaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Blackbird family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_A-12" title="Lockheed A-12">A-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird" title="Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird">SR-71 Blackbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YF-12" title="Lockheed YF-12">YF-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_M-21" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed M-21">M-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_D-21" title="Lockheed D-21">D-21</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Maritime patrol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Hudson" title="Lockheed Hudson">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">PV-1 Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_PV-2_Harpoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed PV-2 Harpoon">PV-2 Harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-2_Neptune" title="Lockheed P-2 Neptune">P2V/P-2 Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_S-3_Viking" title="Lockheed S-3 Viking">S-3 Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">P-3 Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CP-140_Aurora" title="Lockheed CP-140 Aurora">CP-140 Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-7" title="Lockheed P-7">P-7 LRAACA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Other crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-400_Suntan" title="Lockheed CL-400 Suntan">CL-400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">U-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YO-3_Quiet_Star" title="Lockheed YO-3 Quiet Star">YO-3 Quiet Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">TR-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Martin_TR-X&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Martin TR-X (page does not exist)">TR-X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">UAVs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Aequare" title="Lockheed Aequare">Aequare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AQM-60_Kingfisher" title="Lockheed AQM-60 Kingfisher">AQM-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Cormorant" title="Lockheed Martin Cormorant">Cormorant (UAV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Desert_Hawk" title="Lockheed Martin Desert Hawk">Desert Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Desert_Hawk_III" title="Lockheed Martin Desert Hawk III">Desert Hawk III</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Martin_Fury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Martin Fury (page does not exist)">Fury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_MQM-105_Aquila" title="Lockheed MQM-105 Aquila">MQM-105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Polecat" title="Lockheed Martin Polecat">Polecat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_RQ-3_DarkStar" title="Lockheed Martin RQ-3 DarkStar">RQ-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_RQ-170_Sentinel" title="Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel">RQ-170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_SR-72" title="Lockheed Martin SR-72">SR-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-44_(UAV)" title="Lockheed Martin X-44 (UAV)">X-44 (UAV)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T-33" title="Lockheed T-33">T-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T2V_SeaStar" title="Lockheed T2V SeaStar">T2V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAI_T-50_Golden_Eagle" title="KAI T-50 Golden Eagle">T-50A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Helicopters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-475" title="Lockheed CL-475">CL-475</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XH-51" title="Lockheed XH-51">XH-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AH-56_Cheyenne" title="Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne">AH-56 Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_VH-71_Kestrel" title="Lockheed Martin VH-71 Kestrel">VH-71 Kestrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_VH-92_Patriot" title="Sikorsky VH-92 Patriot">VH-92 Patriot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Have_Blue" title="Lockheed Have Blue">Have Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-133" title="Lockheed L-133">L-133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-301" title="Lockheed L-301">L-301</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Senior_Peg" title="Lockheed Senior Peg">Senior Peg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Senior_Prom" title="Lockheed Senior Prom">Senior Prom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Star_Clipper" title="Lockheed Star Clipper">Star Clipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XC-35" title="Lockheed XC-35">XC-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_X-7" title="Lockheed X-7">X-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_X-17" title="Lockheed X-17">X-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-301" title="Lockheed L-301">X-24C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schweizer_X-26_Frigate" title="Schweizer X-26 Frigate">X-26B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-33" title="Lockheed Martin X-33">X-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-35" title="Lockheed Martin X-35">X-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-55" title="Lockheed Martin X-55">X-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-56" title="Lockheed Martin X-56">X-56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-59_Quesst" title="Lockheed Martin X-59 Quesst">X-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XFV" title="Lockheed XFV">XFV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XV-4_Hummingbird" title="Lockheed XV-4 Hummingbird">XV-4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Light aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Big_Dipper" title="Lockheed Big Dipper">Big Dipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Explorer" title="Lockheed Explorer">Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aermacchi_AL-60" title="Aermacchi AL-60">L-402</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Little_Dipper" title="Lockheed Little Dipper">Little Dipper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RM-81_Agena" title="RM-81 Agena">Agena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Virgo" title="High Virgo">High Virgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGM-89_Perseus" title="UGM-89 Perseus">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping-Pong_(rocket)" title="Ping-Pong (rocket)">Ping-Pong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGM-27_Polaris" title="UGM-27 Polaris">Polaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGM-73_Poseidon" title="UGM-73 Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGM-96_Trident_I" title="UGM-96 Trident I">Trident I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGM-133_Trident_II" title="UGM-133 Trident II">Trident II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_J37" title="Lockheed J37">J37/T35</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lockheed_aircraft" title="List of Lockheed aircraft">Model numbers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Vega" title="Lockheed Vega">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Vega" title="Lockheed Vega">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Air_Express" title="Lockheed Air Express">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Explorer" title="Lockheed Explorer">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Vega" title="Lockheed Vega">5</a></li> <li>61</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Explorer" title="Lockheed Explorer">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_8_Sirius" title="Lockheed Model 8 Sirius">8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Altair" title="Lockheed Altair">A/D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_9_Orion" title="Lockheed Model 9 Orion">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_10_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 10 Electra">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XFM-2" title="Lockheed XFM-2">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_12_Electra_Junior" title="Lockheed Model 12 Electra Junior">12</a></li> <li>131</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_14_Super_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_10_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 10 Electra">16</a></li> <li>171</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_18_Lodestar" title="Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_14_Super_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XP-58_Chain_Lightning" title="Lockheed XP-58 Chain Lightning">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XP-49" title="Lockheed XP-49">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">24</a></li> <li>251</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-2_Neptune" title="Lockheed P-2 Neptune">26</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 27 (page does not exist)">27</a></li> <li>281</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 29 (page does not exist)">29</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 30 (page does not exist)">30</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 29 (page does not exist)">31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_18_Lodestar" title="Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar">32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Little_Dipper" title="Lockheed Little Dipper">33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Big_Dipper" title="Lockheed Big Dipper">34</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 35 (page does not exist)">35</a></li> <li>361</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">37</a></li> <li>381</li> <li>391</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_40&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 40 (page does not exist)">40</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_41&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 41 (page does not exist)">41</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_42&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 42 (page does not exist)">42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_44_Excalibur" title="Lockheed Model 44 Excalibur">44</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_45&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 45 (page does not exist)">45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-049_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-049 Constellation">49</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_50&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 50 (page does not exist)">50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XB-30" title="Lockheed XB-30">51</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_52&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 52 (page does not exist)">52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aermacchi_AL-60" title="Aermacchi AL-60">60</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_61&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 61 (page does not exist)">61</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_62&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 62 (page does not exist)">62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Saturn" title="Lockheed Saturn">75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XFV" title="Lockheed XFV">81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">82</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-121_Warning_Star" title="Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star">84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XH-51" title="Lockheed XH-51">86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AH-56_Cheyenne" title="Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne">87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-188_Electra" title="Lockheed L-188 Electra">88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_R6V_Constitution" title="Lockheed R6V Constitution">89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-90" title="Lockheed XF-90">90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-2000" title="Lockheed L-2000">91</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 92 (page does not exist)">92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1011_TriStar" title="Lockheed L-1011 TriStar">93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_S-3_Viking" title="Lockheed S-3 Viking">94</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_Model_99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed Model 99 (page does not exist)">99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-100_Hercules" title="Lockheed L-100 Hercules">100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-049_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-049 Constellation">104</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_L-104&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed L-104 (page does not exist)">105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">122</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_L-129&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed L-129 (page does not exist)">129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-133" title="Lockheed L-133">133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-049_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-049 Constellation">136</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">137</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">140</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">141</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_44_Excalibur" title="Lockheed Model 44 Excalibur">144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-049_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-049 Constellation">149</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T-33" title="Lockheed T-33">170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_X-7" title="Lockheed X-7">171</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">182</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">185</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XH-51" title="Lockheed XH-51">186</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-188_Electra" title="Lockheed L-188 Electra">188</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_R6V_Constitution" title="Lockheed R6V Constitution">189</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-193" title="Lockheed L-193">193</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">199</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Star_Clipper" title="Lockheed Star Clipper">200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">204</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">206</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-100_Hercules" title="Lockheed L-100 Hercules">207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-2_Neptune" title="Lockheed P-2 Neptune">210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_12_Electra_Junior" title="Lockheed Model 12 Electra Junior">212</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">222</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XV-4_Hummingbird" title="Lockheed XV-4 Hummingbird">244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T2V_SeaStar" title="Lockheed T2V SeaStar">245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter">246</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XB-30" title="Lockheed XB-30">249</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">282 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">282 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">285</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XH-51" title="Lockheed XH-51">286</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-288" title="Lockheed CL-288">288</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">293</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-295&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-295 (page does not exist)">295</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-296&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-296 (page does not exist)">296</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">298</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-141_Starlifter" title="Lockheed C-141 Starlifter">300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-301" title="Lockheed L-301">301</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-320&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-320 (page does not exist)">320</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">322</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-400_Suntan" title="Lockheed CL-400 Suntan">325</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_JetStar" title="Lockheed JetStar">329</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XV-4_Hummingbird" title="Lockheed XV-4 Hummingbird">330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XV-4_Hummingbird" title="Lockheed XV-4 Hummingbird">331</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">346</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-69_Constellation" title="Lockheed C-69 Constellation">349</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">351</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-379&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-379 (page does not exist)">379</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">380</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-100_Hercules" title="Lockheed L-100 Hercules">382</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_R6V_Constitution" title="Lockheed R6V Constitution">389</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-400_Suntan" title="Lockheed CL-400 Suntan">400 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-100_Hercules" title="Lockheed L-100 Hercules">400 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aermacchi_AL-60" title="Aermacchi AL-60">402</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-407&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-407 (page does not exist)">407</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Hudson" title="Lockheed Hudson">414</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">437</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-049_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-049 Constellation">449</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-475" title="Lockheed CL-475">475</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">480</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_R6V_Constitution" title="Lockheed R6V Constitution">489</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-5_Galaxy" title="Lockheed C-5 Galaxy">500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">520</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XP-49" title="Lockheed XP-49">522</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-69_Constellation" title="Lockheed C-69 Constellation">549</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T-33" title="Lockheed T-33">580</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XH-51" title="Lockheed XH-51">595</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">622</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor" title="Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor">645</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-649_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-649 Constellation">649</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">680</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">685</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">704</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-749_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-749 Constellation">749</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-760&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-760 (page does not exist)">760</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">780</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">785</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">822</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-2000" title="Lockheed L-2000">823</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AH-56_Cheyenne" title="Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne">840</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-749_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-749 Constellation">849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">880</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_A-12" title="Lockheed A-12">915</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-749_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-749 Constellation">949</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-977-16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-977-16 (page does not exist)">977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-2000" title="Lockheed L-2000">981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_S-3_Viking" title="Lockheed S-3 Viking">995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_J37" title="Lockheed J37">1000</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1011_TriStar" title="Lockheed L-1011 TriStar">1011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-2_Neptune" title="Lockheed P-2 Neptune">1020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AH-56_Cheyenne" title="Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne">1026</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1049_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation">1049</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-121_Warning_Star" title="Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star">A</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1060" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed CL-1060">1060</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T2V_SeaStar" title="Lockheed T2V SeaStar">1080</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1090" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed CL-1090">1090</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YF-22" title="Lockheed YF-22">1132</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1049_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation">1149</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-1195&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-1195 (page does not exist)">1195</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1201" title="Lockheed CL-1201">1201</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-1235&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-1235 (page does not exist)">1235</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-1236&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-1236 (page does not exist)">1236</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-1237&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-1237 (page does not exist)">1237</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1249_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1249 Super Constellation">1249</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_JetStar" title="Lockheed JetStar">1329</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">1400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1049_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation">1449</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1049_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation">1549</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_CL-1200_Lancer" title="Lockheed CL-1200 Lancer">1600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1649_Starliner" title="Lockheed L-1649 Starliner">1649</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AH-56_Cheyenne" title="Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne">1700</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_CL-1800&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockheed CL-1800 (page does not exist)">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_A-12" title="Lockheed A-12">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-2000" title="Lockheed L-2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_JetStar" title="Lockheed JetStar">2329</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vega" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Vega</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Altair" title="Lockheed Altair">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_Model_2_Starliner" title="Vega Model 2 Starliner">2</a></li> <li>31</li> <li>41</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth_Ensign" title="Armstrong Whitworth Ensign">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handley_Page_Hampden" title="Handley Page Hampden">6</a></li> <li>7–101</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Altair" title="Lockheed Altair">11</a></li> <li>12–141</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">15</a></li> <li>161</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress" title="Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_18_Lodestar" title="Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar">18</a></li> <li>191</li> <li>201</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_Model_2_Starliner" title="Vega Model 2 Starliner">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_Model_2_Starliner" title="Vega Model 2 Starliner">24</a></li> <li>251</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-2_Neptune" title="Lockheed P-2 Neptune">26</a></li> <li>27–321</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Little_Dipper" title="Lockheed Little Dipper">33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Big_Dipper" title="Lockheed Big Dipper">34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_NA-35" title="North American NA-35">35</a></li> <li>361</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">37</a></li> <li>381</li> <li>391</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vega_Model_40&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vega Model 40 (page does not exist)">40</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vega_Model_41&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vega Model 41 (page does not exist)">41</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vega_Model_42&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vega Model 42 (page does not exist)">42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Ventura" title="Lockheed Ventura">43</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 Not assigned</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="USAAS/USAAC/USAAF/USAF_fighter_designations_1924–1962,_and_Tri-Service_post-1962_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAF_fighters" title="Template:USAF fighters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAF_fighters" title="Template talk:USAF fighters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAF_fighters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAF fighters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="USAAS/USAAC/USAAF/USAF_fighter_designations_1924–1962,_and_Tri-Service_post-1962_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">USAAS</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">USAAC</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">USAAF</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">USAF</a> fighter designations 1924–1962, and <a href="/wiki/1962_United_States_Tri-Service_aircraft_designation_system" title="1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system">Tri-Service</a> post-1962 systems</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1924 sequences (1924–1962)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pursuit (1924–1948)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">P-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">P-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">P-3</a></li> <li>P-43 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">Curtiss P-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_XP-4" title="Boeing XP-4">Boeing P-4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">P-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_XP-7" title="Boeing XP-7">P-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_XP-8" title="Boeing XP-8">P-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_XP-9" title="Boeing XP-9">P-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-10" title="Curtiss XP-10">P-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-12" title="Boeing P-12">P-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas-Morse_XP-13_Viper" title="Thomas-Morse XP-13 Viper">P-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas-Morse_XP-13_Viper" title="Thomas-Morse XP-13 Viper">P-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_XP-15" title="Boeing XP-15">P-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berliner-Joyce_P-16" title="Berliner-Joyce P-16">P-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-18" title="Curtiss XP-18">P-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-19" title="Curtiss XP-19">P-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YP-20" title="Curtiss YP-20">P-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-22_Hawk" title="Curtiss XP-22 Hawk">P-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-6_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-6 Hawk">P-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YP-24" title="Lockheed YP-24">P-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_P-30" title="Consolidated P-30">P-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-26_Peashooter" title="Boeing P-26 Peashooter">P-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_P-30" title="Consolidated P-30">P-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_P-30" title="Consolidated P-30">P-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-29" title="Boeing P-29">P-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_P-30" title="Consolidated P-30">P-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-31_Swift" title="Curtiss XP-31 Swift">P-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-29" title="Boeing P-29">P-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_P-30" title="Consolidated P-30">P-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedell-Williams_XP-34" title="Wedell-Williams XP-34">P-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seversky_P-35" title="Seversky P-35">P-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-36_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-36 Hawk">P-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_YP-37" title="Curtiss YP-37">P-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">P-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">P-39</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-76" title="Bell P-76">P-39E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">P-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seversky_XP-41" title="Seversky XP-41">P-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-42" title="Curtiss XP-42">P-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_P-43_Lancer" title="Republic P-43 Lancer">P-43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_P-43_Lancer" title="Republic P-43 Lancer">P-44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">P-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-46" title="Curtiss XP-46">P-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_P-47_Thunderbolt" title="Republic P-47 Thunderbolt">P-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_XP-48" title="Douglas XP-48">P-48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XP-49" title="Lockheed XP-49">P-49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_XP-50" title="Grumman XP-50">P-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">P-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_XP-52" title="Bell XP-52">P-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-60" title="Curtiss P-60">P-53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vultee_XP-54" title="Vultee XP-54">P-54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XP-55_Ascender" title="Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender">P-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_XP-56_Black_Bullet" title="Northrop XP-56 Black Bullet">P-56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker_XP-57" title="Tucker XP-57">P-57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XP-58_Chain_Lightning" title="Lockheed XP-58 Chain Lightning">P-58</a></li> <li>P-593 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_XP-52" title="Bell XP-52">XP-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-59_Airacomet" title="Bell P-59 Airacomet">P-59</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-60" title="Curtiss P-60">P-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_P-61_Black_Widow" title="Northrop P-61 Black Widow">P-61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-62" title="Curtiss XP-62">P-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-63_Kingcobra" title="Bell P-63 Kingcobra">P-63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-64" title="North American P-64">P-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_XP-50" title="Grumman XP-50">P-65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vultee_P-66_Vanguard" title="Vultee P-66 Vanguard">P-66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_XP-67" title="McDonnell XP-67">P-67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vultee_XP-68_Tornado" title="Vultee XP-68 Tornado">P-68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XP-69" title="Republic XP-69">P-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_A-20_Havoc" title="Douglas A-20 Havoc">P-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_XP-71" title="Curtiss XP-71">P-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XP-72" title="Republic XP-72">P-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_D-2" title="Hughes D-2">P-73</a>2</li> <li>P-741</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_P-75_Eagle" title="Fisher P-75 Eagle">P-75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-76" title="Bell P-76">P-76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_XP-77" title="Bell XP-77">P-77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">P-78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_XP-79" title="Northrop XP-79">P-79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">P-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Vultee_XP-81" title="Consolidated Vultee XP-81">P-81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-82_Twin_Mustang" title="North American F-82 Twin Mustang">P-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_XP-83" title="Bell XP-83">P-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-84_Thunderjet" title="Republic F-84 Thunderjet">P-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_XF-85_Goblin" title="McDonnell XF-85 Goblin">P-85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">P-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">P-87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_XF-88_Voodoo" title="McDonnell XF-88 Voodoo">P-88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-89_Scorpion" title="Northrop F-89 Scorpion">P-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-90" title="Lockheed XF-90">P-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-91_Thunderceptor" title="Republic XF-91 Thunderceptor">P-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_XF-92" title="Convair XF-92">P-92</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighter (1948–1962)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">F-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">F-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">F-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_P-47_Thunderbolt" title="Republic P-47 Thunderbolt">F-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">F-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-59_Airacomet" title="Bell P-59 Airacomet">F-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_P-61_Black_Widow" title="Northrop P-61 Black Widow">F-61</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-15_Reporter" title="Northrop F-15 Reporter">RF-61C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-63_Kingcobra" title="Bell P-63 Kingcobra">F-63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">F-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Vultee_XP-81" title="Consolidated Vultee XP-81">F-81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-82_Twin_Mustang" title="North American F-82 Twin Mustang">F-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_XP-83" title="Bell XP-83">F-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-84_Thunderjet" title="Republic F-84 Thunderjet">F-84</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-84F_Thunderstreak" title="Republic F-84F Thunderstreak">F-84F/J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-84H_Thunderscreech" title="Republic XF-84H Thunderscreech">F-84H</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_XF-85_Goblin" title="McDonnell XF-85 Goblin">F-85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">F-86</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_YF-93" title="North American YF-93">F-86C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86D_Sabre" title="North American F-86D Sabre">F-86D/G/K/L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">F-87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_XF-88_Voodoo" title="McDonnell XF-88 Voodoo">F-88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-89_Scorpion" title="Northrop F-89 Scorpion">F-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-90" title="Lockheed XF-90">F-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-91_Thunderceptor" title="Republic XF-91 Thunderceptor">F-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_XF-92" title="Convair XF-92">F-92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_YF-93" title="North American YF-93">F-93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">F-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86D_Sabre" title="North American F-86D Sabre">F-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-84F_Thunderstreak" title="Republic F-84F Thunderstreak">F-96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">F-97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">F-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIM-10_Bomarc" title="CIM-10 Bomarc">F-99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-100_Super_Sabre" title="North American F-100 Super Sabre">F-100</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-107" title="North American F-107">F-100B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">F-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-102_Delta_Dagger" title="Convair F-102 Delta Dagger">F-102</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-106_Delta_Dart" title="Convair F-106 Delta Dart">F-102B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-103" title="Republic XF-103">F-103</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">F-104</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XF-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed XF-104 Starfighter">XF-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeritalia_F-104S_Starfighter" title="Aeritalia F-104S Starfighter">F-104S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_NF-104A" title="Lockheed NF-104A">NF-104A</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-105_Thunderchief" title="Republic F-105 Thunderchief">F-105</a></li> <li>F-1063 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-84H_Thunderscreech" title="Republic XF-84H Thunderscreech">XF-106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-106_Delta_Dart" title="Convair F-106 Delta Dart">F-106</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-107" title="North American F-107">F-107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_XF-108_Rapier" title="North American XF-108 Rapier">F-108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_D-188A" title="Bell D-188A">F-109</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">F-110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark">F-111</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics%E2%80%93Grumman_F-111B" title="General Dynamics–Grumman F-111B">F-111B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111C" title="General Dynamics F-111C">F-111C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111K" title="General Dynamics F-111K">F-111K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics%E2%80%93Boeing_AFTI/F-111A_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics–Boeing AFTI/F-111A Aardvark">AFTI/F-111A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics%E2%80%93Grumman_EF-111A_Raven" title="General Dynamics–Grumman EF-111A Raven">EF-111A</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pursuit, biplace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berliner-Joyce_P-16" title="Berliner-Joyce P-16">PB-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_P-30" title="Consolidated P-30">PB-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XFM-2" title="Lockheed XFM-2">PB-3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighter, multiplace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_YFM-1_Airacuda" title="Bell YFM-1 Airacuda">FM-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_XFM-2" title="Lockheed XFM-2">FM-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-sequential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_SBD_Dauntless" title="Douglas SBD Dauntless">F-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">P-322</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">P-400</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tri-service sequence (1962–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main sequence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>F-1 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_FJ-2/-3_Fury" title="North American FJ-2/-3 Fury">F-1C/D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_FJ-4_Fury" title="North American FJ-4 Fury">F-1E/F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F2H_Banshee" title="McDonnell F2H Banshee">F-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F3H_Demon" title="McDonnell F3H Demon">F-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">F-4</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_Phantom_in_UK_service" title="McDonnell Douglas Phantom in UK service">F-4K/M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">F-5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-20_Tigershark" title="Northrop F-20 Tigershark">G</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_F4D_Skyray" title="Douglas F4D Skyray">F-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F2Y_Sea_Dart" title="Convair F2Y Sea Dart">F-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vought_F-8_Crusader" title="Vought F-8 Crusader">F-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_F9F_Panther" title="Grumman F9F Panther">F-9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_F-9_Cougar" title="Grumman F-9 Cougar">F-9F–J</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_F3D_Skyknight" title="Douglas F3D Skyknight">F-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_F-11_Tiger" title="Grumman F-11 Tiger">F-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YF-12" title="Lockheed YF-12">F-12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird" title="Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird">F-12C</a>2</li></ul></li> <li>F-131</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_F-14_Tomcat" title="Grumman F-14 Tomcat">F-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-15_Eagle" title="McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle">F-15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-15E_Strike_Eagle" title="McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle">F-15E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_F-15EX_Eagle_II" title="Boeing F-15EX Eagle II">F-15EX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_F-15J" title="Mitsubishi F-15J">F-15J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-15_STOL/MTD" title="McDonnell Douglas F-15 STOL/MTD">F-15 STOL/MTD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16XL" title="General Dynamics F-16XL">F-16XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_X-62_VISTA" title="General Dynamics X-62 VISTA">NF-16D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_YF-17" title="Northrop YF-17">F-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F/A-18_Hornet" title="McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet">F/A-18</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_F/A-18E/F_Super_Hornet" title="Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet">F/A-18E/F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_EA-18G_Growler" title="Boeing EA-18G Growler">EA-18G</a></li></ul></li> <li>F-191</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-20_Tigershark" title="Northrop F-20 Tigershark">F-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAI_Kfir#United_States" title="IAI Kfir">F-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor" title="Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor">F-22</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_YF-22" title="Lockheed YF-22">YF-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_FB-22" title="Lockheed Martin FB-22">FB-22</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_YF-23" title="Northrop YF-23">F-23</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-sequential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">F-35</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II_Israeli_procurement" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Israeli procurement">F-35I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-35" title="Lockheed Martin X-35">X-35</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-117_Nighthawk" title="Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk">F-117</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Covert designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Have_Doughnut" title="Have Doughnut">YF-110</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-21" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21">YF-110B/D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_J-7" title="Chengdu J-7">YF-110C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAVE_DRILL" class="mw-redirect" title="HAVE DRILL">YF-113 (I)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-17" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17">YF-113A</a></li></ul></li> <li>YF-113 (II) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-23" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23">YF-113B/D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Have_Privilege" class="mw-redirect" title="Have Privilege">YF-113 (III)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang_J-5" title="Shenyang J-5">YF-113C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAVE_FERRY" class="mw-redirect" title="HAVE FERRY">YF-114</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-17" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17">YF-114C/D</a></li></ul></li> <li>YF-117 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-117_Nighthawk" title="Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk">YF-117A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Tacit_Blue" title="Northrop Tacit Blue">YF-117D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Bird_of_Prey" title="Boeing Bird of Prey">YF-118</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_XFV-12" title="Rockwell XFV-12">FV-12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 Not assigned  • 2 Unofficial  • 3 Assigned to multiple types See also: "<a href="/wiki/F-19" title="F-19">F-19</a>"  • <a href="/wiki/Template:USAAS_fighters" title="Template:USAAS fighters">1919–1924 sequence</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_military_reconnaissance_aircraft_designations,_Army/Air_Force_and_1962_Tri-Service_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Template:US reconnaissance aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Template talk:US reconnaissance aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US reconnaissance aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_military_reconnaissance_aircraft_designations,_Army/Air_Force_and_1962_Tri-Service_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">United States military <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft">reconnaissance aircraft</a> designations, Army/Air Force and <a href="/wiki/1962_United_States_Tri-Service_aircraft_designation_system" title="1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system">1962 Tri-Service</a> systems</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Army/Air Force main sequence (1930–1962)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prefix F-, 1930–1947</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_71" title="Fairchild 71">F-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Model_18" title="Beechcraft Model 18">F-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_A-20_Havoc" title="Douglas A-20 Havoc">F-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">F-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">F-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">F-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_B-24_Liberator" title="Consolidated B-24 Liberator">F-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Mosquito" title="De Havilland Mosquito">F-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress_variants#F-9_Flying_Fortress" title="List of Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress variants">F-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_B-25_Mitchell" title="North American B-25 Mitchell">F-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_XF-11" title="Hughes XF-11">F-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-12_Rainbow" title="Republic XF-12 Rainbow">F-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">F-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">F-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-15_Reporter" title="Northrop F-15 Reporter">F-15</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prefix R-, 1947–1962</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_XF-11" title="Hughes XF-11">R-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-12_Rainbow" title="Republic XF-12 Rainbow">R-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress" title="Boeing B-52 Stratofortress">R-16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reconnaissance/strike sequence (1960–1962)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_XB-70_Valkyrie" title="North American XB-70 Valkyrie">RS-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird" title="Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird">RS-71</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Strategic reconnaissance sequence (1964–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird" title="Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird">SR-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_SR-72" title="Lockheed Martin SR-72">SR-72</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tri-Service main sequence (1962–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">R-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reconnaissance subtypes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Converted fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">RF-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vought_F-8_Crusader" title="Vought F-8 Crusader">RF-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">RF-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">RF-101</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">RF-104</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Converted bombers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress_variants" title="List of Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress variants">RB-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">RB-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet" title="Boeing B-47 Stratojet">RB-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress" title="Boeing B-52 Stratofortress">RB-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_B-57_Canberra" title="Martin B-57 Canberra">RB-57</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_RB-57D_Canberra" title="Martin RB-57D Canberra">RB-57D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin/General_Dynamics_RB-57F_Canberra" title="Martin/General Dynamics RB-57F Canberra">RB-57F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_B-66_Destroyer" title="Douglas B-66 Destroyer">RB-66</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Spanish_Armed_Forces_fighter_designations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_fighters" title="Template:Spanish fighters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spanish_fighters" title="Template talk:Spanish fighters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish_fighters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish fighters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spanish_Armed_Forces_fighter_designations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spanish Armed Forces</a> fighter designations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caza (C) Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1945–53</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_CR.32" title="Fiat CR.32">C.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Fury" title="Hawker Fury">C.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_112" title="Heinkel He 112">C.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109" title="Messerschmitt Bf 109">C.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109" title="Messerschmitt Bf 109">C.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_G.50_Freccia" title="Fiat G.50 Freccia">C.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMAM_Ro.41" title="IMAM Ro.41">C.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polikarpov_I-16" title="Polikarpov I-16">C.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polikarpov_I-15" title="Polikarpov I-15">C.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109" title="Messerschmitt Bf 109">C.10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_68" title="Arado Ar 68">C.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109" title="Messerschmitt Bf 109">C.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_Aviaci%C3%B3n_HA-1112" title="Hispano Aviación HA-1112">C.13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_Aviaci%C3%B3n_HA-1112" title="Hispano Aviación HA-1112">C.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helwan_HA-300" title="Helwan HA-300">C.15</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1953–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_CR.32" title="Fiat CR.32">C.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_G.50_Freccia" title="Fiat G.50 Freccia">C.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_112" title="Heinkel He 112">C.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_Aviaci%C3%B3n_HA-1112" title="Hispano Aviación HA-1112">C.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">C.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helwan_HA-300" title="Helwan HA-300">C.6 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">C.6 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CASA/Heinkel_CH-101&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CASA/Heinkel CH-101 (page does not exist)">C.7</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">C.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">C.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_HA-200" title="Hispano HA-200">C.10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_III" title="Dassault Mirage III">C.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">C.12</a></li> <li>C.131</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_F1" title="Dassault Mirage F1">C.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F/A-18_Hornet" title="McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet">C.15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">C.16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 Not assigned</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Air_Force_system_numbers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAF_system_codes" title="Template:USAF system codes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAF_system_codes" title="Template talk:USAF system codes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAF_system_codes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAF system codes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Air_Force_system_numbers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> system numbers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100–199</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet" title="Boeing B-47 Stratojet">100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress" title="Boeing B-52 Stratofortress">101</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_JT3D" title="Pratt & Whitney JT3D">P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_B-58_Hustler" title="Convair B-58 Hustler">102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-62_Snark" title="SM-62 Snark">103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-64_Navaho" title="SM-64 Navaho">104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">105</a></li> <li>1061</li> <li>107 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SM-65_Atlas" title="SM-65 Atlas">A-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-68_Titan" title="SM-68 Titan">A-2</a></li></ul></li> <li>1081</li> <li>1091</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_XB-70_Valkyrie" title="North American XB-70 Valkyrie">110</a></li> <li>1111</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAM-63_RASCAL" title="GAM-63 RASCAL">112</a></li> <li>1131</li> <li>1141</li> <li>1151</li> <li>1161</li> <li>117 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconnaissance_Satellite_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconnaissance Satellite System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samos_(satellite)" title="Samos (satellite)">M</a></li></ul></li> <li>118 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGM-118_Peacekeeper" title="LGM-118 Peacekeeper">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KA-27_(camera)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KA-27 (camera) (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypersonic_Reconnaissance_Manned_Boost-Glide_Rocket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypersonic Reconnaissance Manned Boost-Glide Rocket (page does not exist)">P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-135_Stratolifter" title="Boeing C-135 Stratolifter">119</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_JT3D" title="Pratt & Whitney JT3D">C/F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFM_International_CFM56" title="CFM International CFM56">E</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strategic_Photo-Reconnaissance_Balloon_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strategic Photo-Reconnaissance Balloon System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_EC-135" title="Boeing EC-135">T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">Y</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BGM-75_AICBM" title="BGM-75 AICBM">120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAM-67_Crossbow" title="GAM-67 Crossbow">121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADM-20_Quail" title="ADM-20 Quail">122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XSM-73_Goose" title="XSM-73 Goose">123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WS-124A_Flying_Cloud" title="WS-124A Flying Cloud">124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WS-125" title="WS-125">125</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bomber_Defense_Missile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bomber Defense Missile (page does not exist)">126</a></li> <li>1271</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-128A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-128A (page does not exist)">128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark">129</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-130A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-130A (page does not exist)">130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-28_Hound_Dog" title="AGM-28 Hound Dog">131</a></li> <li>132 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bomber_Defense_Missile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bomber Defense Missile (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-132B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-132B (page does not exist)">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">133</a></li> <li>1341</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-135A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-135A (page does not exist)">135</a></li> <li>1361</li> <li>1371</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAM-87_Skybolt" title="GAM-87 Skybolt">138</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_B-1_Lancer" title="Rockwell B-1 Lancer">139</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-69_SRAM" title="AGM-69 SRAM">140</a></li> <li>1411</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popeye_(missile)" title="Popeye (missile)">142</a></li> <li>143–1971</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-198A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-198A (page does not exist)">198</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WS-199" title="WS-199">199</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bold_Orion" title="Bold Orion">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Virgo" title="High Virgo">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Draco" title="Alpha Draco">D</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-199Y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-199Y (page does not exist)">Y</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200–299</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CIM-10_Bomarc" title="CIM-10 Bomarc">200</a></li> <li>201 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-102_Delta_Dagger" title="Convair F-102 Delta Dagger">A/L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-106_Delta_Dart" title="Convair F-106 Delta Dart">B/W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_J75" title="Pratt & Whitney J75">E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_XF-108_Rapier" title="North American XF-108 Rapier">202</a></li> <li>2031</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_XF-103" title="Republic XF-103">204</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-89_Scorpion" title="Northrop F-89 Scorpion">205</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86D_Sabre" title="North American F-86D Sabre">206</a></li> <li>2071</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-26_Falcon" title="AIM-26 Falcon">208</a></li> <li>2091</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samos_(satellite)" title="Samos (satellite)">210</a></li> <li>2111</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Weapons_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Weapons Control System (page does not exist)">212</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distant_Early_Warning_Line" title="Distant Early Warning Line">213</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-121_Constellation" title="Lockheed C-121 Constellation">214</a></li> <li>2151</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment" title="Semi-Automatic Ground Environment">216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">217</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-8_Talos" title="RIM-8 Talos">218</a></li> <li>2191</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">220</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder" title="AIM-9 Sidewinder">221</a></li> <li>222 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Project_Wizard" title="Project Wizard">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Electro-Optical_Countermeasures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Electro-Optical Countermeasures (page does not exist)">G</a></li></ul></li> <li>2231</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_Zeus" title="Nike Zeus">224</a></li> <li>2251</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow" title="AIM-7 Sparrow">226</a></li> <li>227–2381</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_Defense_Alarm_System" title="Missile Defense Alarm System">239</a></li> <li>240–2781</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_(rocket_family)" title="Scout (rocket family)">279</a></li> <li>280–2981</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-299A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-299A (page does not exist)">299</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">300–399</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-105_Thunderchief" title="Republic F-105 Thunderchief">300</a></li> <li>3011</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_XB-68" title="Martin XB-68">302</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">303</a></li> <li>3041</li> <li>3051</li> <li>306 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-105_Thunderchief" title="Republic F-105 Thunderchief">A/L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-107" title="North American F-107">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_B-57_Canberra" title="Martin B-57 Canberra">307</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_B-66_Destroyer" title="Douglas B-66 Destroyer">308</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM-13_Mace" title="MGM-13 Mace">309</a></li> <li>3101</li> <li>3111</li> <li>3121</li> <li>3131</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-62_Walleye" title="AGM-62 Walleye">314</a></li> <li>315 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PGM-17_Thor" title="PGM-17 Thor">A-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter" title="PGM-19 Jupiter">A-2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">316</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Tank_Guided_Air_Rocket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti-Tank Guided Air Rocket (page does not exist)">317</a></li> <li>3181</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-65_Maverick" title="AGM-65 Maverick">319</a></li> <li>3201</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-12_Bullpup" title="AGM-12 Bullpup">321</a></li> <li>3221</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tactical_Strike/Reconnaissance_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tactical Strike/Reconnaissance System (page does not exist)">323</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark">324</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics%E2%80%93Grumman_EF-111A_Raven" title="General Dynamics–Grumman EF-111A Raven">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_TF30" title="Pratt & Whitney TF30">M/N</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mobile_Medium_Range_Ballistic_Missile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mobile Medium Range Ballistic Missile (page does not exist)">325</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">326</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">327</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_J79" title="General Electric J79">E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-15_Eagle" title="McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle">328</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-15E_Strike_Eagle" title="McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle">E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Republic_A-10_Thunderbolt_II" title="Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II">329</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_TF34" title="General Electric TF34">F</a></li></ul></li> <li>3301</li> <li>3311</li> <li>3321</li> <li>3331</li> <li>3341</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_A-37_Dragonfly" title="Cessna A-37 Dragonfly">335</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Rockwell_OV-10_Bronco" title="North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco">336</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LTV_A-7_Corsair_II" title="LTV A-7 Corsair II">337</a></li> <li>338–3791</li> <li>380 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_F100" title="Pratt & Whitney F100">A/B/E/F/N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_F110" title="General Electric F110">P</a></li></ul></li> <li>381–3971</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theater_Ballistic_Missile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theater Ballistic Missile (page does not exist)">398</a></li> <li>399 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-399A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-399A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-399B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-399B (page does not exist)">B</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">400–499</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">400</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AC-130" title="Lockheed AC-130">B/C/N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_T56" title="Allison T56">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_MC-130" title="Lockheed MC-130">G/H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_RC-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed RC-130 Hercules">M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-132" title="Douglas C-132">401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-133_Cargomaster" title="Douglas C-133 Cargomaster">402</a></li> <li>4031</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Traffic_Control_And_Landing_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Traffic Control And Landing System (page does not exist)">404</a></li> <li>405 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spaceborne_Laser_Communications_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spaceborne Laser Communications System (page does not exist)">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_405C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 405C (page does not exist)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_405D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 405D (page does not exist)">D</a></li> <li>4061</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ground_Theater_Air_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ground Theater Air Control System (page does not exist)">407</a></li> <li>4081</li> <li>4091</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-5_Galaxy" title="Lockheed C-5 Galaxy">410</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_TF39" title="General Electric TF39">E</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Area_Surveillance_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Area Surveillance Control System (page does not exist)">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_E-3_Sentry" title="Boeing E-3 Sentry">411</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_JT3D" title="Pratt & Whitney JT3D">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_Warning_And_Control_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Airborne Warning And Control System">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Weapons_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Weapons Control System (page does not exist)">412</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distant_Early_Warning_Line" title="Distant Early Warning Line">413</a></li> <li>414 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmospheric_Early_Warning_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmospheric Early Warning System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-414M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-414M (page does not exist)">M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Airlift_Command_Integrated_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Airlift Command Integrated Management System (page does not exist)">415</a></li> <li>416 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment" title="Semi-Automatic Ground Environment">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back-Up_Interceptor_Control" title="Back-Up Interceptor Control">M (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Sands_Missile_Range_Surveillance_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="White Sands Missile Range Surveillance System (page does not exist)">M (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seek_Dawn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seek Dawn (page does not exist)">P</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Common_Digitizer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Common Digitizer (page does not exist)">Q</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-417L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-417L (page does not exist)">417</a></li> <li>418 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryukyu_Air_Defense_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryukyu Air Defense System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hawaiian_Air_Defense_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hawaiian Air Defense System (page does not exist)">M</a></li></ul></li> <li>4191</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">420</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_T-38_Talon" title="Northrop T-38 Talon">L/W</a></li></ul></li> <li>4211</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_Digital_Network" title="Automatic Digital Network">423</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-37_Tweet" title="Cessna T-37 Tweet">424</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_Mountain_Complex" title="Cheyenne Mountain Complex">425</a></li> <li>426 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_AQM-35" title="Northrop AQM-35">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-426M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-426M (page does not exist)">M</a></li></ul></li> <li>427 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AQM-60_Kingfisher" title="Lockheed AQM-60 Kingfisher">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Airlift_Command_Integrated_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Airlift Command Integrated Management System (page does not exist)">M</a></li></ul></li> <li>428 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Air_Ground_Intelligence_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine Air Ground Intelligence System (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AN/URC-117_Ground_Wave_Emergency_Network" title="AN/URC-117 Ground Wave Emergency Network">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Firebee" title="Ryan Firebee">429</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photographic_Processing_and_Interpretation_Facility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Photographic Processing and Interpretation Facility (page does not exist)">430</a></li> <li>431 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_431G&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 431G (page does not exist)">G (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traffic_Control_And_Landing_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traffic Control And Landing System (page does not exist)">G (II)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crash_Locator_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crash Locator System (page does not exist)">432</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=METRO_Weather_Observation_and_Forecasting_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="METRO Weather Observation and Forecasting System (page does not exist)">433</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Space_Surveillance_System" title="Air Force Space Surveillance System">434</a></li> <li>435 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Navy_Navigational_Satellite_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Navy Navigational Satellite System (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_EC-135" title="Boeing EC-135">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Automated_Command_and_Control_System" title="Strategic Automated Command and Control System">436</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuclear-Armed_Unguided_Satellite_Inspection_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuclear-Armed Unguided Satellite Inspection System (page does not exist)">437</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AIDS_Intelligence_Data_Handling_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AIDS Intelligence Data Handling System (page does not exist)">438</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_Coastal_Cable_Communications_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sea Coastal Cable Communications System (page does not exist)">439</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forward_Scatter_Over-the-Horizon_Radar_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forward Scatter Over-the-Horizon Radar System (page does not exist)">440</a></li> <li>441 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobra_Mist" title="Cobra Mist">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobra_Talon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cobra Talon (page does not exist)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Satellite_Communications" title="Air Force Satellite Communications">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_X-7" title="Lockheed X-7">442</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1_Iroquois" title="Bell UH-1 Iroquois">443</a></li> <li>4441</li> <li>445 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-445L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-445L (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-445M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-445M (page does not exist)">M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-4_Caribou" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou">446</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_X-15" title="North American X-15">447</a></li> <li>4481</li> <li>4491</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LORAN" title="LORAN">450</a></li> <li>451 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spain_Air_Defense_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spain Air Defense System (page does not exist)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Tactical_Information_Distribution_System" title="Joint Tactical Information Distribution System">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Sabreliner" title="North American Sabreliner">452</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_VZ-9_Avrocar" title="Avro Canada VZ-9 Avrocar">453</a></li> <li>4541</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HYWARDS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HYWARDS (page does not exist)">455</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quadrajector&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quadrajector (page does not exist)">456</a></li> <li>4571</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wideband_Transmission_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wideband Transmission System (page does not exist)">458</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-459L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-459L (page does not exist)">459</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_E-8_Joint_STARS" title="Northrop Grumman E-8 Joint STARS">460</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_WC-135_Constant_Phoenix" title="Boeing WC-135 Constant Phoenix">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High-Altitude_Balloon_Reconnaissance_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High-Altitude Balloon Reconnaissance System (page does not exist)">461</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_AQM-37_Jayhawk" title="Beechcraft AQM-37 Jayhawk">462</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/463L_master_pallet" title="463L master pallet">463</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_X-20_Dyna-Soar" title="Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar">464</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITT_465L_Strategic_Air_Command_Control_System" title="ITT 465L Strategic Air Command Control System">465</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=466L_Electromagnetic_Intelligence_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="466L Electromagnetic Intelligence System (page does not exist)">466</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Navigational_Training_Support_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Navigational Training Support System (page does not exist)">467</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_JetStar" title="Lockheed JetStar">468</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conversion_Of_Range_Telemetry_Systems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conversion Of Range Telemetry Systems (page does not exist)">469</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_470L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 470L (page does not exist)">470</a></li> <li>471 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Vertol_CH-46_Sea_Knight" title="Boeing Vertol CH-46 Sea Knight">L (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_CH-47_Chinook" title="Boeing CH-47 Chinook">L (II)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Support_System_Test_Aircraft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Support System Test Aircraft (page does not exist)">472</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USAF_Command_and_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USAF Command and Control System (page does not exist)">473</a></li> <li>474 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_Missile_Early_Warning_System" title="Ballistic Missile Early Warning System">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AN/FPS-26_Radar" title="AN/FPS-26 Radar">N</a></li></ul></li> <li>4751</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-141_Starlifter" title="Lockheed C-141 Starlifter">476</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_JT3D" title="Pratt & Whitney JT3D">E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_477L_Nuclear_Detection_and_Reporting_System" title="GE 477L Nuclear Detection and Reporting System">477</a></li> <li>478 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LTV_XC-142" title="LTV XC-142">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tri-Service_Tactical_Communications_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tri-Service Tactical Communications System (page does not exist)">T</a></li></ul></li> <li>4791</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-480L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-480L (page does not exist)">480</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_E-4" title="Boeing E-4">481</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-Attack_Command_and_Control_System" title="Post-Attack Command and Control System">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_CH-53_Sea_Stallion" title="Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion">482</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_T64" title="General Electric T64">E</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ground_Theater_Air_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ground Theater Air Control System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_MH-53" title="Sikorsky MH-53">M/Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air/Ground_Digital_Secure_Teletype_Communication_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air/Ground Digital Secure Teletype Communication System (page does not exist)">483</a></li> <li>484 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_Frequency_Global_Communication_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High Frequency Global Communication System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Build_Back&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Build Back (page does not exist)">M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wet_Wash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wet Wash (page does not exist)">N</a></li></ul></li> <li>485 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ground_Theater_Air_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ground Theater Air Control System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_S-61R" title="Sikorsky S-61R">Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mediterranean_Communications_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mediterranean Communications System (page does not exist)">486</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survivable_Low_Frequency_Communications_System" title="Survivable Low Frequency Communications System">487</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Pine_(communications)" title="Green Pine (communications)">488</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Area_Command_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Area Command System (page does not exist)">489</a></li> <li>490 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic_Voice_Network_of_the_Defense_Communications_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automatic Voice Network of the Defense Communications System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_Attack_Intercontinental_Link&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post Attack Intercontinental Link (page does not exist)">M</a></li></ul></li> <li>4911</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Strike_Command_and_Control&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Strike Command and Control (page does not exist)">492</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_Secure_Voice_Communications_Network" title="Automatic Secure Voice Communications Network">493</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AN/DRC-8_Emergency_Rocket_Communications_System" title="AN/DRC-8 Emergency Rocket Communications System">494</a></li> <li>495 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IFF_Mark_XII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IFF Mark XII (page does not exist)">L (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Command_and_Control_Information_Processing_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Command and Control Information Processing System (page does not exist)">L (II)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Surveillance_Network" title="United States Space Surveillance Network">496</a></li> <li>497 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-497A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-497A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic_Digital_Switching_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automatic Digital Switching System (page does not exist)">L (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_national_missile_defense" title="United States national missile defense">L</a></li></ul></li> <li>498 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-498A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-498A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strategic_Communications_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strategic Communications System (page does not exist)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Air_Transport_Service" title="Military Air Transport Service">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milstar" title="Milstar">L</a></li></ul></li> <li>499 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-499A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-499A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-499C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-499C (page does not exist)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SS-499D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS-499D (page does not exist)">D</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500–599</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ground_Communication_Product_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ground Communication Product Group (page does not exist)">500</a></li> <li>501–5191</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-520B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-520B (page does not exist)">520</a></li> <li>521–5291</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-530A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-530A (page does not exist)">530</a></li> <li>531–5411</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_542N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 542N (page does not exist)">542</a></li> <li>543–5491</li> <li>550 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-550A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-550A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-550E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-550E (page does not exist)">E</a></li></ul></li> <li>551–5591</li> <li>560 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-560A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-560A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-560F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-560F (page does not exist)">F</a></li></ul></li> <li>561–5691</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-570A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-570A (page does not exist)">570</a></li> <li>571–5791</li> <li>580 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-580A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-580A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OS-580E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OS-580E (page does not exist)">E</a></li></ul></li> <li>581–5891</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_590K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 590K (page does not exist)">590</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GBU-15" title="GBU-15">591</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_592K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 592K (page does not exist)">592</a></li> <li>593–5991</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">600–699</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-600A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-600A (page does not exist)">600</a></li> <li>601 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_X-7" title="Lockheed X-7">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Aerospace_Offensive_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Aerospace Offensive System (page does not exist)">L</a></li></ul></li> <li>602 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_XV-3" title="Bell XV-3">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Aerospace_Defensive_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Aerospace Defensive System (page does not exist)">L</a></li></ul></li> <li>603 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_X-13_Vertijet" title="Ryan X-13 Vertijet">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tactical_Forces_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tactical Forces System (page does not exist)">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-604A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-604A (page does not exist)">604</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_X-15" title="North American X-15">605</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_VZ-9_Avrocar" title="Avro Canada VZ-9 Avrocar">606</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiller_X-18" title="Hiller X-18">607</a></li> <li>6081</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_(rocket_family)" title="Scout (rocket family)">609</a></li> <li>6101</li> <li>6111</li> <li>6121</li> <li>6131</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-614A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-614A (page does not exist)">614</a></li> <li>6151</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimum_Essential_Emergency_Communications_Network" title="Minimum Essential Emergency Communications Network">616</a></li> <li>6171</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-618A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-618A (page does not exist)">618</a></li> <li>6191</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_X-20_Dyna-Soar" title="Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar">620</a></li> <li>621 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Project_SAINT" title="Project SAINT">A/B (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_NavSat/Inertial_Test_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integrated NavSat/Inertial Test System (page does not exist)">B (II)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CORONA_(satellite)" title="CORONA (satellite)">622</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Large_Solid-Propellant_Launch_Vehicle_Rocket_Motor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Large Solid-Propellant Launch Vehicle Rocket Motor (page does not exist)">623</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(rocket_family)" title="Titan (rocket family)">624</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-625A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-625A (page does not exist)">625</a></li> <li>6261</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Ballistic_Reentry_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Ballistic Reentry System (page does not exist)">627</a></li> <li>6281</li> <li>6291</li> <li>6301</li> <li>6311</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/AAR-44&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/AAR-44 (page does not exist)">632</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stellar_Inertial_Doppler_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stellar Inertial Doppler System (page does not exist)">633</a></li> <li>634 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobra_Dane" title="Cobra Dane">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Tactical_Information_Distribution_System" title="Joint Tactical Information Distribution System">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALE-24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALE-24 (page does not exist)">635</a></li> <li>6361</li> <li>6371</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAM-87_Skybolt" title="GAM-87 Skybolt">638</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALE-40&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALE-40 (page does not exist)">639</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALE-45&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALE-45 (page does not exist)">640</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AN/ALE-47" title="AN/ALE-47">641</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seek_Point&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seek Point (page does not exist)">642</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALQ-184&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALQ-184 (page does not exist)">643</a></li> <li>6441</li> <li>6451</li> <li>6461</li> <li>6471</li> <li>648 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RM-81_Agena" title="RM-81 Agena">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_648D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 648D (page does not exist)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AN/ALQ-99" title="AN/ALQ-99">P</a></li></ul></li> <li>649 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-649A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-649A (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-649B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-649B (page does not exist)">B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WS-649C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WS-649C (page does not exist)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-649D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-649D (page does not exist)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Counterweapons_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Space Counterweapons System (page does not exist)">E</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellite_Inspection_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satellite Inspection System (page does not exist)">F</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Combat_Weapon_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Space Combat Weapon System (page does not exist)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dash_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Dash 10">P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-650A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-650A (page does not exist)">650</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_651A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 651A (page does not exist)">651</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALQ-122&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALQ-122 (page does not exist)">652</a></li> <li>6531</li> <li>6541</li> <li>655 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-655A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-655A (page does not exist)">A (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Low_Altutude_Short_Range_Missile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Low Altutude Short Range Missile (page does not exist)">A (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALQ-131&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALQ-131 (page does not exist)">P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AN/ALQ-135" title="AN/ALQ-135">656</a></li> <li>6571</li> <li>6581</li> <li>6591</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALQ-155&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALQ-155 (page does not exist)">660</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALQ-161&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALQ-161 (page does not exist)">661</a></li> <li>6621</li> <li>6631</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALQ-172&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALQ-172 (page does not exist)">664</a></li> <li>665 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-665A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-665A (page does not exist)">A (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multi-Sensor_Airborne_Reconnaissance/Strike_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multi-Sensor Airborne Reconnaissance/Strike System (page does not exist)">A (II)</a></li></ul></li> <li>666 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_NavSat/Inertial_Test_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integrated NavSat/Inertial Test System (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALQ-184&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALQ-184 (page does not exist)">C/P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_667A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 667A (page does not exist)">667</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_668A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 668A (page does not exist)">668</a></li> <li>6691</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_670B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 670B (page does not exist)">670</a></li> <li>6711</li> <li>672 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_ICBM_Technology_Program&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced ICBM Technology Program (page does not exist)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALR-56&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALR-56 (page does not exist)">M/P</a></li></ul></li> <li>6731</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALR-69&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALR-69 (page does not exist)">674</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-675A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-675A (page does not exist)">675</a></li> <li>6761</li> <li>6771</li> <li>6781</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_679A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 679A (page does not exist)">679</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Survivable_Flight_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Survivable Flight Control System (page does not exist)">680</a></li> <li>681 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_681D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 681D (page does not exist)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Base_Installation_Security_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Base Installation Security System (page does not exist)">E</a></li></ul></li> <li>6821</li> <li>683 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vela_(satellite)" title="Vela (satellite)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tactical_Air_Control_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tactical Air Control System (page does not exist)">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_T-43" title="Boeing T-43">V</a></li></ul></li> <li>6841</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RS-685A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RS-685A (page does not exist)">685</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aircraft_Flight_Simulation_Complex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aircraft Flight Simulation Complex (page does not exist)">686</a></li> <li>687 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TACSATCOM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TACSATCOM (page does not exist)">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">P</a></li></ul></li> <li>6881</li> <li>6891</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_690K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 690K (page does not exist)">690</a></li> <li>691 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGM-86_ALCM" title="AGM-86 ALCM">C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_691X&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 691X (page does not exist)">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldwide_Military_Command_and_Control_System" title="Worldwide Military Command and Control System">Z</a></li></ul></li> <li>6921</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_X-13_Vertijet" title="Ryan X-13 Vertijet">693</a></li> <li>6941</li> <li>695 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAND_Corporation" title="RAND Corporation">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANSER" title="ANSER">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itek" title="Itek">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Lincoln_Laboratory" title="MIT Lincoln Laboratory">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-65_Atlas" title="SM-65 Atlas">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-68_Titan" title="SM-68 Titan">P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-17_Thor" title="PGM-17 Thor">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samos_(satellite)" title="Samos (satellite)">S (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_Defense_Alarm_System" title="Missile Defense Alarm System">S (II)</a></li></ul></li> <li>6961</li> <li>6971</li> <li>6981</li> <li>6991</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">700–799</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>700–7351</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/APR-46&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/APR-46 (page does not exist)">736</a></li> <li>7371</li> <li>7381</li> <li>7391</li> <li>7401</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tactical_Electronic_Warfare_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tactical Electronic Warfare System (page does not exist)">741</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LANTIRN" title="LANTIRN">742</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LANTIRN" title="LANTIRN">743</a></li> <li>7441</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Satellite_Communications_Directorate" title="Military Satellite Communications Directorate">745</a></li> <li>746–7531</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/ALM-234&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/ALM-234 (page does not exist)">754</a></li> <li>755–7991</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">800–899</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>8001</li> <li>8011</li> <li>802 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_802L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 802L (page does not exist)">L (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_Frequency_Global_Communication_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High Frequency Global Communication System (page does not exist)">L (II)</a></li></ul></li> <li>8031</li> <li>8041</li> <li>8051</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Range_Threat_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Range Threat System (page does not exist)">806</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Support_Program" title="Defense Support Program">807</a></li> <li>808–8161</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Technical_Sensor_Collection_Systems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Technical Sensor Collection Systems (page does not exist)">817</a></li> <li>8181</li> <li>8191</li> <li>8201</li> <li>8211</li> <li>8221</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_823L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System 823L (page does not exist)">823</a></li> <li>824–8311</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Meteorological_Satellite_Program" title="Defense Meteorological Satellite Program">832</a></li> <li>8331</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">834</a></li> <li>835–8451</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Range_Threat_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Range Threat System (page does not exist)">846</a></li> <li>847–8991</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">900–999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>900–9511</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-47_Skytrain" title="Douglas C-47 Skytrain">952</a></li> <li>8531</li> <li>8541</li> <li>8551</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">956</a></li> <li>957–9671</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pacer_Harmony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pacer Harmony (page does not exist)">968</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 Unknown or not assigned</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159881#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159881#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a 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