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Harriette McDougall - Wikipedia

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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British missionary (1818–1886)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Harriette McDougall</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Harriette_McDougall_aged_65_from_Memoirs_of_Francis_Thomas_McDougall.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Harriette_McDougall_aged_65_from_Memoirs_of_Francis_Thomas_McDougall.png/220px-Harriette_McDougall_aged_65_from_Memoirs_of_Francis_Thomas_McDougall.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Harriette_McDougall_aged_65_from_Memoirs_of_Francis_Thomas_McDougall.png/330px-Harriette_McDougall_aged_65_from_Memoirs_of_Francis_Thomas_McDougall.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Harriette_McDougall_aged_65_from_Memoirs_of_Francis_Thomas_McDougall.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="524" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">30 August 1818<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars,_London" title="Blackfriars, London">Blackfriars, London</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1886<span style="display:none">(1886-00-00)</span> (aged&#160;67–68)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">missionary</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known&#160;for</th><td class="infobox-data">her books</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_McDougall" title="Francis McDougall">Francis McDougall</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Henriette McDougall</b> (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a>&#160;Bunyon</span>, became <b>Harriette McDougall</b>, 30 August 1818 – 1886) was a British missionary, teacher and artist in what is now Malaysia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harriette_McDougall&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McDougall was born in <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars,_London" title="Blackfriars, London">Blackfriars, London</a> in 1818.<sup id="cite_ref-harry_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harry-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Her elder sister, Sarah, married <a href="/wiki/John_Colenso" title="John Colenso">John Colenso</a> and was also to be a bishop's wife. Her father, Robert John Bunyon, had an interest in an ironworks in <a href="/wiki/Trimsaran" title="Trimsaran">Trimsaran</a> in South Wales. The University of London surgeon and Oxford graduate who was overseeing the ironworks was <a href="/wiki/Francis_McDougall" title="Francis McDougall">Francis McDougall</a> and she married him in <a href="/wiki/Llanelli" title="Llanelli">Llanelli</a> in July 1843. The ironworks closed the following year and her husband decided to join the church.<sup id="cite_ref-harry_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harry-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>McDougall was offered a position as a missionary to go out to join <a href="/wiki/James_Brooke" title="James Brooke">James Brooke</a> who had recently been installed as the <a href="/wiki/White_Rajahs" title="White Rajahs">White Rajah</a> in an area of Borneo known as <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>. Her husband had opted instead for a position with the British Museum, but she persuaded him that they should be missionaries.<sup id="cite_ref-harry_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harry-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The McDougalls sailed for six months as missionaries for Borneo via the Cape and Singapore on 30 December 1847 and arrived in Sarawak on 29 June 1848. They were funded by the Borneo Church Mission. There was nothing prepared when they arrived and a first job was to build a house.<sup id="cite_ref-harry_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harry-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1853 they returned to the UK as their funding from the Borneo Church Mission ended but this was replaced by funding from the <a href="/wiki/United_Society_Partners_in_the_Gospel" title="United Society Partners in the Gospel">Society for the Propagation of the Gospel</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SANTUBONG_Mission%E2%80%99s_seaside_resort_(1850s),_watercolour_by_Harriette_McDougall.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/SANTUBONG_Mission%E2%80%99s_seaside_resort_%281850s%29%2C_watercolour_by_Harriette_McDougall.png/220px-SANTUBONG_Mission%E2%80%99s_seaside_resort_%281850s%29%2C_watercolour_by_Harriette_McDougall.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/SANTUBONG_Mission%E2%80%99s_seaside_resort_%281850s%29%2C_watercolour_by_Harriette_McDougall.png/330px-SANTUBONG_Mission%E2%80%99s_seaside_resort_%281850s%29%2C_watercolour_by_Harriette_McDougall.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/SANTUBONG_Mission%E2%80%99s_seaside_resort_%281850s%29%2C_watercolour_by_Harriette_McDougall.png/440px-SANTUBONG_Mission%E2%80%99s_seaside_resort_%281850s%29%2C_watercolour_by_Harriette_McDougall.png 2x" data-file-width="591" data-file-height="405" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mount_Santubong" title="Mount Santubong">Mount Santubong</a> in the 1850s - watercolour by Harriette McDougall</figcaption></figure> <p>She and Francis lost five sons while she was in Sarawak and her son Charley was educated in Britain. She painted watercolours and she wrote many letters. The ones she wrote to Charley McDougall were the basis for her 1854 book <i>Letters from Sarawak: Addressed to a Child</i>. She had periods of home leave but basically they were in Sarawak for twenty years. They created an orphanage and schools and in return they received criticism from the White Rajah and his secretary. Parishes were established in Banting, Lundu, Bintulu, Quop and Lingga.<sup id="cite_ref-harry_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harry-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1854, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a> arrived in Borneo to collect specimens and to further his theories. He and his assistant Charles Allen stayed with the Rajah. However when Wallace returned to Singapore Allen stayed in Sarawak and lived at the mission. Allen worked as a teacher and he returned to work for Wallace four years later.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1882 she published <i>Sketches of Our Life at Sarawak</i> which included engravings of the school and her life in Sarawak.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The book records her prejudice to other religions, but it also records her view that two soldiers, Fox and Steele, killed at <a href="/wiki/Kanowit" title="Kanowit">Kanowit</a> by the natives in 1859 only had themselves to blame. She records the local flora and fauna and notes places like Buntal Bay which were then only home to wildlife.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harriette_McDougall&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-harry-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-harry_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harry_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harry_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harry_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harry_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMatthewHarrison2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, B., eds. (23 September 2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/48615">"The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online&#160;ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.&#160;ref:odnb/48615. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F48615">10.1093/ref:odnb/48615</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&amp;rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pages=ref%3Aodnb%2F48615&amp;rft.edition=online&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2004-09-23&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F48615&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F48615&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarriette+McDougall" class="Z3988"></span>&#x20;<span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRookmaakerVan_Wyhe2012" class="citation journal cs1">Rookmaaker, Kees; Van Wyhe, John (December 2012). "In Alfred Russel Wallace's Shadow: His Forgotten Assistant, Charles Allen (1839–1892)". <i>Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society</i>. <b>85</b> (2): 17–54. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a>&#160;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.733.15">10.1.1.733.15</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fras.2012.0009">10.1353/ras.2012.0009</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24894190">24894190</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162463894">162463894</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Malaysian+Branch+of+the+Royal+Asiatic+Society&amp;rft.atitle=In+Alfred+Russel+Wallace%27s+Shadow%3A+His+Forgotten+Assistant%2C+Charles+Allen+%281839%E2%80%931892%29&amp;rft.volume=85&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=17-54&amp;rft.date=2012-12&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.733.15%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162463894%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24894190%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fras.2012.0009&amp;rft.aulast=Rookmaaker&amp;rft.aufirst=Kees&amp;rft.au=Van+Wyhe%2C+John&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarriette+McDougall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/sarawak/sketches1882/engravings.html">"Sketches of Our Life at Sarawak, by Harriette McDougall (1882)"</a>. <i>anglicanhistory.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=anglicanhistory.org&amp;rft.atitle=Sketches+of+Our+Life+at+Sarawak%2C+by+Harriette+McDougall+%281882%29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanglicanhistory.org%2Fasia%2Fsarawak%2Fsketches1882%2Fengravings.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarriette+McDougall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHului2019" class="citation web cs1">Hului, Patricia (13 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kajomag.com/what-sarawak-nature-looked-like-in-the-19th-century-according-to-harriette-mcdougall/">"What Sarawak nature looked like in the 19th century according to Harriette McDougall • KajoMag"</a>. <i>kajomag.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=kajomag.com&amp;rft.atitle=What+Sarawak+nature+looked+like+in+the+19th+century+according+to+Harriette+McDougall+%E2%80%A2+KajoMag&amp;rft.date=2019-05-13&amp;rft.aulast=Hului&amp;rft.aufirst=Patricia&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkajomag.com%2Fwhat-sarawak-nature-looked-like-in-the-19th-century-according-to-harriette-mcdougall%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarriette+McDougall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHului2019" class="citation web cs1">Hului, Patricia (25 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kajomag.com/the-1859-murder-of-fox-and-steele-in-kanowit/">"The 1859 murder of Fox and Steele in Kanowit • KajoMag"</a>. <i>kajomag.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114525973">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/96111619">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/199134/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvhrxfFkHTdVQrftCPYT3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86120065">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a 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