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bacteriological diagnostics</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: bacteriological diagnostics"> <meta name="keywords" content="bacteriological diagnostics"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="bacteriological diagnostics"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 331</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: bacteriological diagnostics</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">301</span> Bacteriological Screening and Antibiotic – Heavy Metal Resistance Profile of the Bacteria Isolated from Some Amphibian and Reptile Species of the Biga Stream in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurcihan%20Hacioglu">Nurcihan Hacioglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cigdem%20Gul"> Cigdem Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Tosunoglu"> Murat Tosunoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, the antibiogram and heavy metal resistance profile of the bacteria isolated from total 34 studied animals (Pelophylax ridibundus = 12, Mauremys rivulata = 14, Natrix natrix = 8) captured around the Biga Stream, are described. There was no database information on antibiogram and heavy metal resistance profile of bacteria from these area’s amphibians and reptiles. In this study, a total of 200 bacteria were successfully isolated from cloaca and oral samples of the aquatic amphibians and reptiles as well as from the water sample. According to Jaccard’s similarity index, the degree of similarity in the bacterial flora was quite high among the amphibian and reptile species under examination, whereas it was different from the bacterial diversity in the water sample. The most frequent isolates were A. hydrophila (31.5%), B. pseudomallei (8.5%), and C. freundii (7%). The total numbers of bacteria obtained were as follows: 45 in P. ridibundus, 45 in N. natrix 30 in M. rivulata, and 80 in the water sample. The result showed that cefmetazole was the most effective antibiotic to control the bacteria isolated in this study and that approximately 93.33% of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to this antibiotic. The Multiple Antibiotic Resistances (MAR) index indicated that P. ridibundus (0.95) > N. natrix (0.89) > M. rivulata (0.39). Furthermore, all the tested heavy metals (Pb+2, Cu+2, Cr+3, and Mn+2) inhibit the growth of the bacterial isolates at different rates. Therefore, it indicated that the water source of the animals was contaminated with both antibiotic residues and heavy metals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20quality" title="bacteriological quality">bacteriological quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amphibian" title=" amphibian"> amphibian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reptile" title=" reptile"> reptile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic" title=" antibiotic"> antibiotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20resistance" title=" heavy metal resistance"> heavy metal resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27052/bacteriological-screening-and-antibiotic-heavy-metal-resistance-profile-of-the-bacteria-isolated-from-some-amphibian-and-reptile-species-of-the-biga-stream-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27052.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">300</span> An Advanced Automated Brain Tumor Diagnostics Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berkan%20Ural">Berkan Ural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arif%20Eser"> Arif Eser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinan%20Apaydin"> Sinan Apaydin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical image processing is generally become a challenging task nowadays. Indeed, processing of brain MRI images is one of the difficult parts of this area. This study proposes a hybrid well-defined approach which is consisted from tumor detection, extraction and analyzing steps. This approach is mainly consisted from a computer aided diagnostics system for identifying and detecting the tumor formation in any region of the brain and this system is commonly used for early prediction of brain tumor using advanced image processing and probabilistic neural network methods, respectively. For this approach, generally, some advanced noise removal functions, image processing methods such as automatic segmentation and morphological operations are used to detect the brain tumor boundaries and to obtain the important feature parameters of the tumor region. All stages of the approach are done specifically with using MATLAB software. Generally, for this approach, firstly tumor is successfully detected and the tumor area is contoured with a specific colored circle by the computer aided diagnostics program. Then, the tumor is segmented and some morphological processes are achieved to increase the visibility of the tumor area. Moreover, while this process continues, the tumor area and important shape based features are also calculated. Finally, with using the probabilistic neural network method and with using some advanced classification steps, tumor area and the type of the tumor are clearly obtained. Also, the future aim of this study is to detect the severity of lesions through classes of brain tumor which is achieved through advanced multi classification and neural network stages and creating a user friendly environment using GUI in MATLAB. In the experimental part of the study, generally, 100 images are used to train the diagnostics system and 100 out of sample images are also used to test and to check the whole results. The preliminary results demonstrate the high classification accuracy for the neural network structure. Finally, according to the results, this situation also motivates us to extend this framework to detect and localize the tumors in the other organs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing%20algorithms" title="image processing algorithms">image processing algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20resonance%20imaging" title=" magnetic resonance imaging"> magnetic resonance imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20recognition" title=" pattern recognition"> pattern recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69471/an-advanced-automated-brain-tumor-diagnostics-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">299</span> Numerical Modelling of Skin Tumor Diagnostics through Dynamic Thermography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luiz%20Carlos%20Wrobel">Luiz Carlos Wrobel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matjaz%20Hribersek"> Matjaz Hribersek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jure%20Marn"> Jure Marn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jurij%20Iljaz"> Jurij Iljaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dynamic thermography has been clinically proven to be a valuable diagnostic technique for skin tumor detection as well as for other medical applications such as breast cancer diagnostics, diagnostics of vascular diseases, fever screening, dermatological and other applications. Thermography for medical screening can be done in two different ways, observing the temperature response under steady-state conditions (passive or static thermography), and by inducing thermal stresses by cooling or heating the observed tissue and measuring the thermal response during the recovery phase (active or dynamic thermography). The numerical modelling of heat transfer phenomena in biological tissue during dynamic thermography can aid the technique by improving process parameters or by estimating unknown tissue parameters based on measured data. This paper presents a nonlinear numerical model of multilayer skin tissue containing a skin tumor, together with the thermoregulation response of the tissue during the cooling-rewarming processes of dynamic thermography. The model is based on the Pennes bioheat equation and solved numerically by using a subdomain boundary element method which treats the problem as axisymmetric. The paper includes computational tests and numerical results for Clark II and Clark IV tumors, comparing the models using constant and temperature-dependent thermophysical properties, which showed noticeable differences and highlighted the importance of using a local thermoregulation model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20element%20method" title="boundary element method">boundary element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20thermography" title=" dynamic thermography"> dynamic thermography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20thermography" title=" static thermography"> static thermography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20tumor%20diagnostic" title=" skin tumor diagnostic"> skin tumor diagnostic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158809/numerical-modelling-of-skin-tumor-diagnostics-through-dynamic-thermography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">298</span> Bioengineering System for Prediction and Early Prenosological Diagnostics of Stomach Diseases Based on Energy Characteristics of Bioactive Points with Fuzzy Logic </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Alshamasin">Mahdi Alshamasin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Al-Kasasbeh"> Riad Al-Kasasbeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolay%20Korenevskiy"> Nikolay Korenevskiy </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We apply mathematical models for the interaction of the internal and biologically active points of meridian structures. Amongst the diseases for which reflex diagnostics are effective are those of the stomach disease. It is shown that use of fuzzy logic decision-making yields good results for the prediction and early diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract diseases, depending on the reaction energy of biologically active points (acupuncture points). It is shown that good results for the prediction and early diagnosis of diseases from the reaction energy of biologically active points (acupuncture points) are obtained by using fuzzy logic decision-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acupuncture%20points" title="acupuncture points">acupuncture points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostically%20important%20points%20%28DIP%29" title=" diagnostically important points (DIP)"> diagnostically important points (DIP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confidence%20factors" title=" confidence factors"> confidence factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membership%20functions" title=" membership functions"> membership functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stomach%20diseases" title=" stomach diseases "> stomach diseases </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34901/bioengineering-system-for-prediction-and-early-prenosological-diagnostics-of-stomach-diseases-based-on-energy-characteristics-of-bioactive-points-with-fuzzy-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">297</span> Reuse of Wastewater After Pretreatment Under Teril and Sand in Bechar City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Seddiki">Sara Seddiki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maazouzi%20Abdelhak"> Maazouzi Abdelhak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this modest work is to follow the physicochemical and bacteriological evolution of the wastewater from the town of Bechar subjected to purification by filtration according to various local supports, namely Sable and Terrill by reducing nuisances that undergo the receiving environment (Oued Bechar) and therefore make this water source reusable in different areas. The study first made it possible to characterize the urban wastewater of the Bechar wadi, which presents an environmental threat, thus allowing an estimation of the pollutant load, the chemical oxygen demand COD (145 mg / l) and the biological oxygen demand BOD5 (72 mg / l) revealed that these waters are less biodegradable (COD / BOD5 ratio = 0.62), have a fairly high conductivity (2.76 mS/cm), and high levels of mineral matter presented by chlorides and sulphates 390 and 596.1 mg / l respectively, with a pH of 8.1. The characterization of the sand dune (Beni Abbes) shows that quartz (97%) is the most present mineral. The granular analysis allowed us to determine certain parameters like the uniformity coefficient (CU) and the equivalent diameter, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations and X-ray analysis were performed. The study of filtered wastewater shows satisfactory and very encouraging treatment results, with complete elimination of total coliforms and streptococci and a good reduction of total aerobic germs in the sand and clay-sand filter. A good yield has been reported in the sand Terrill filter for the reduction of turbidity. The rates of reduction of organic matter in terms of the biological oxygen demand, in chemical oxygen demand recorded, are of the order of 60%. The elimination of sulphates is 40% for the sand filter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20wastewater" title="urban wastewater">urban wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20and%20physicochemical%20parameters" title=" bacteriological and physicochemical parameters"> bacteriological and physicochemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terrill" title=" Terrill"> Terrill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oued%20Bechar" title=" Oued Bechar"> Oued Bechar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164367/reuse-of-wastewater-after-pretreatment-under-teril-and-sand-in-bechar-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">296</span> Comprehensive Ultrasonography During Low-flow Bypass in Patients with Symptomatic Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) Occlusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20K.%20Guseynova">G. K. Guseynova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20V.%20Krylov"> V. V. Krylov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20T.%20Khamidova"> L. T. Khamidova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Polunina"> N. A. Polunina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20A.%20Lukyanchikov"> V. A. Lukyanchikov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The report presents complex ultrasound diagnostics in patients with symptomatic steno-occlusive lesions of extra- and intracranial branches of brachiocephalic arteries (BCA). The tasks and possibilities of ultrasound diagnostics at different stages of treatment of patients with symptomatic occlusion of internal carotid artery (ICA) are covered in detail; qualitative and quantitative characteristics of blood flow; parameters of the wall and lumen of the main arteries of the head; methods of ultrasound examination of indirect assessment of the functional status are presented. Special attention is paid to the description of indicators that are predictors of the consistency of formed extra-intracranial low-flow shunts, examples of functioning and failed anastomoses are analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBF" title="CBF">CBF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20blood%20flow%3B%20CTA" title=" cerebral blood flow; CTA"> cerebral blood flow; CTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20carotid%20artery%3B%20ICA" title=" external carotid artery; ICA"> external carotid artery; ICA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20carotid%20artery%3B%20MCA" title=" internal carotid artery; MCA"> internal carotid artery; MCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20cerebral%20artery%3B%20MRA" title=" middle cerebral artery; MRA"> middle cerebral artery; MRA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20resonance%20angiography%3B%20OEF" title=" magnetic resonance angiography; OEF"> magnetic resonance angiography; OEF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20extraction%20fraction%3B%20TIA" title=" oxygen extraction fraction; TIA"> oxygen extraction fraction; TIA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20ischaemic%20attack" title=" transient ischaemic attack"> transient ischaemic attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-flow%20bypass" title=" low-flow bypass"> low-flow bypass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anastomoses" title=" anastomoses"> anastomoses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186846/comprehensive-ultrasonography-during-low-flow-bypass-in-patients-with-symptomatic-internal-carotid-artery-ica-occlusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">295</span> Integrated Gas Turbine Performance Diagnostics and Condition Monitoring Using Adaptive GPA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Guang%20Li">Yi-Guang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suresh%20Sampath"> Suresh Sampath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gas turbine performance degrades over time, and the degradation is greatly affected by environmental, ambient, and operating conditions. The engines may degrade slowly under favorable conditions and result in a waste of engine life if a scheduled maintenance scheme is followed. They may also degrade fast and fail before a scheduled overhaul if the conditions are unfavorable, resulting in serious secondary damage, loss of engine availability, and increased maintenance costs. To overcome these problems, gas turbine owners are gradually moving from scheduled maintenance to condition-based maintenance, where condition monitoring is one of the key supporting technologies. This paper presents an integrated adaptive GPA diagnostics and performance monitoring system developed at Cranfield University for gas turbine gas path condition monitoring. It has the capability to predict the performance degradation of major gas path components of gas turbine engines, such as compressors, combustors, and turbines, using gas path measurement data. It is also able to predict engine key performance parameters for condition monitoring, such as turbine entry temperature that cannot be directly measured. The developed technology has been implemented into digital twin computer Software, Pythia, to support the condition monitoring of gas turbine engines. The capabilities of the integrated GPA condition monitoring system are demonstrated in three test cases using a model gas turbine engine similar to the GE aero-derivative LM2500 engine widely used in power generation and marine propulsion. It shows that when the compressor of the model engine degrades, the Adaptive GPA is able to predict the degradation and the changing engine performance accurately using gas path measurements. Such a presented technology and software are generic, can be applied to different types of gas turbine engines, and provide crucial engine health and performance parameters to support condition monitoring and condition-based maintenance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine" title="gas turbine">gas turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20GPA" title=" adaptive GPA"> adaptive GPA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostics" title=" diagnostics"> diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20monitoring" title=" condition monitoring"> condition monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171241/integrated-gas-turbine-performance-diagnostics-and-condition-monitoring-using-adaptive-gpa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">294</span> A Computational Diagnostics for Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20D.%20Abd%20Ali">Zainab D. Abd Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thamir%20H.%20Khalaf"> Thamir H. Khalaf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the characteristics of electric discharge in gap between two (parallel-plate) dielectric plates are studies, the gap filled with Argon gas in atm pressure at ambient temperature, the thickness of gap typically less than 1 mm and dielectric may be up 10 cm in diameter. One of dielectric plates a sinusoidal voltage is applied with Rf frequency, the other plates is electrically grounded. The simulation in this work depending on Boltzmann equation solver in first few moments, fluid model and plasma chemistry, in one dimensional modeling. This modeling have insight into characteristics of Dielectric Barrier Discharge through studying properties of breakdown of gas, electric field, electric potential, and calculating electron density, mean electron energy, electron current density ,ion current density, total plasma current density. The investigation also include: 1. The influence of change in thickness of gap between two plates if we doubled or reduced gap to half. 2. The effect of thickness of dielectric plates. 3. The influence of change in type and properties of dielectric material (gass, silicon, Teflon). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20diagnostics" title="computational diagnostics">computational diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boltzmann%20equation" title=" Boltzmann equation"> Boltzmann equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20discharge" title=" electric discharge"> electric discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20density" title=" electron density"> electron density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12511/a-computational-diagnostics-for-dielectric-barrier-discharge-plasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">777</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">293</span> Automated Process Quality Monitoring and Diagnostics for Large-Scale Measurement Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Woo%20Cho">Hyun-Woo Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Continuous monitoring of industrial plants is one of necessary tasks when it comes to ensuring high-quality final products. In terms of monitoring and diagnosis, it is quite critical and important to detect some incipient abnormal events of manufacturing processes in order to improve safety and reliability of operations involved and to reduce related losses. In this work a new multivariate statistical online diagnostic method is presented using a case study. For building some reference models an empirical discriminant model is constructed based on various past operation runs. When a fault is detected on-line, an on-line diagnostic module is initiated. Finally, the status of the current operating conditions is compared with the reference model to make a diagnostic decision. The performance of the presented framework is evaluated using a dataset from complex industrial processes. It has been shown that the proposed diagnostic method outperforms other techniques especially in terms of incipient detection of any faults occurred. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title="data mining">data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20model" title=" empirical model"> empirical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on-line%20diagnostics" title=" on-line diagnostics"> on-line diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20fault" title=" process fault"> process fault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20monitoring" title=" process monitoring"> process monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24474/automated-process-quality-monitoring-and-diagnostics-for-large-scale-measurement-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">292</span> Analysis of Automotive Sensor for Engine Knock System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miroslav%20Gutten">Miroslav Gutten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jozef%20Jurcik"> Jozef Jurcik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Korenciak"> Daniel Korenciak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milan%20Sebok"> Milan Sebok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matej%20Kuceraa"> Matej Kuceraa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with the phenomenon of the undesirable detonation combustion in internal combustion engines. A control unit of the engine monitors these detonations using piezoelectric knock sensors. With the control of these sensors the detonations can be objectively measured just outside the car. If this component provides small amplitude of the output voltage it could happen that there would have been in the areas of the engine ignition combustion. The paper deals with the design of a simple device for the detection of this disorder. A construction of the testing device for the knock sensor suitable for diagnostics of knock combustion in internal combustion engines will be presented. The output signal of presented sensor will be described by Bessel functions. Using the first voltage extremes on the characteristics it is possible to create a reference for the evaluation of the polynomial residue. It should be taken into account that the velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s. This sound impinges on the walls of the combustion chamber and is detected by the sensor. The resonant frequency of the clicking of the motor is usually in the range from 5 kHz to 15 kHz. The sensor worked in the field to 37 kHz, which shall be taken into account on an own sensor resonance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostics" title="diagnostics">diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knock%20sensor" title=" knock sensor"> knock sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title=" measurement"> measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testing%20device" title=" testing device"> testing device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23298/analysis-of-automotive-sensor-for-engine-knock-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">291</span> Neuroanatomical Specificity in Reporting & Diagnosing Neurolinguistic Disorders: A Functional & Ethical Primer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruairi%20J.%20McMillan">Ruairi J. McMillan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: This critical analysis aims to ascertain how well neuroanatomical aetiologies are communicated within 20 case reports of aphasia. Neuroanatomical visualisations based on dissected brain specimens were produced and combined with white matter tract and vascular taxonomies of function in order to address the most consistently underreported features found within the aphasic case study reports. Together, these approaches are intended to integrate aphasiological knowledge from the past 20 years with aphasiological diagnostics, and to act as prototypal resources for both researchers and clinical professionals. The medico-legal precedent for aphasia diagnostics under Canadian, US and UK case law and the neuroimaging/neurological diagnostics relative to the functional capacity of aphasic patients are discussed in relation to the major findings of the literary analysis, neuroimaging protocols in clinical use today, and the neuroanatomical aetiologies of different aphasias. Basic Methodology: Literature searches of relevant scientific databases (e.g, OVID medline) were carried out using search terms such as aphasia case study (year) & stroke induced aphasia case study. A series of 7 diagnostic reporting criteria were formulated, and the resulting case studies were scored / 7 alongside clinical stroke criteria. In order to focus on the diagnostic assessment of the patient’s condition, only the case report proper (not the discussion) was used to quantify results. Statistical testing established if specific reporting criteria were associated with higher overall scores and potentially inferable increases in quality of reporting. Statistical testing of whether criteria scores were associated with an unclear/adjusted diagnosis were also tested, as well as the probability of a given criterion deviating from an expected estimate. Major Findings: The quantitative analysis of neuroanatomically driven diagnostics in case studies of aphasia revealed particularly low scores in the connection of neuroanatomical functions to aphasiological assessment (10%), and in the inclusion of white matter tracts within neuroimaging or assessment diagnostics (30%). Case studies which included clinical mention of white matter tracts within the report itself were distributed among higher scoring cases, as were case studies which (as clinically indicated) related the affected vascular region to the brain parenchyma of the language network. Concluding Statement: These findings indicate that certain neuroanatomical functions are integrated less often within the patient report than others, despite a precedent for well-integrated neuroanatomical aphasiology also being found among the case studies sampled, and despite these functions being clinically essential in diagnostic neuroimaging and aphasiological assessment. Therefore, ultimately the integration and specificity of aetiological neuroanatomy may contribute positively to the capacity and autonomy of aphasic patients as well as their clinicians. The integration of a full aetiological neuroanatomy within the reporting of aphasias may improve patient outcomes and sustain autonomy in the event of medico-ethical investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aphasia" title="aphasia">aphasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20network" title=" language network"> language network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20neuroanatomy" title=" functional neuroanatomy"> functional neuroanatomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aphasiological%20diagnostics" title=" aphasiological diagnostics"> aphasiological diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medico-legal%20ethics" title=" medico-legal ethics"> medico-legal ethics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177740/neuroanatomical-specificity-in-reporting-diagnosing-neurolinguistic-disorders-a-functional-ethical-primer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">290</span> Quantum Dot Biosensing for Advancing Precision Cancer Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sourav%20Sarkar">Sourav Sarkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manashjit%20Gogoi"> Manashjit Gogoi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the evolving landscape of cancer diagnostics, optical biosensing has emerged as a promising tool due to its sensitivity and specificity. This study explores the potential of CdS/ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) capped with 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA), which aids in the linking chemistry of QDs to various cancer antibodies. The QDs, with their unique optical and electronic properties, have been integrated into the biosensor design. Their high quantum yield and size-dependent emission spectra have been exploited to improve the sensor’s detection capabilities. The study presents the design of this QD-enhanced optical biosensor. The use of these QDs can also aid multiplexed detection, enabling simultaneous monitoring of different cancer biomarkers. This innovative approach holds significant potential for advancing cancer diagnostics, contributing to timely and accurate detection. Future work will focus on optimizing the biosensor design for clinical applications and exploring the potential of QDs in other biosensing applications. This study underscores the potential of integrating nanotechnology and biosensing for cancer research, paving the way for next-generation diagnostic tools. It is a step forward in our quest for achieving precision oncology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20dots" title="quantum dots">quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosensing" title=" biosensing"> biosensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=device" title=" device"> device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179627/quantum-dot-biosensing-for-advancing-precision-cancer-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">289</span> Malaria Parasite Detection Using Deep Learning Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaustubh%20Chakradeo">Kaustubh Chakradeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Delves"> Michael Delves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofya%20Titarenko"> Sofya Titarenko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Malaria is a serious disease which affects hundreds of millions of people around the world, each year. If not treated in time, it can be fatal. Despite recent developments in malaria diagnostics, the microscopy method to detect malaria remains the most common. Unfortunately, the accuracy of microscopic diagnostics is dependent on the skill of the microscopist and limits the throughput of malaria diagnosis. With the development of Artificial Intelligence tools and Deep Learning techniques in particular, it is possible to lower the cost, while achieving an overall higher accuracy. In this paper, we present a VGG-based model and compare it with previously developed models for identifying infected cells. Our model surpasses most previously developed models in a range of the accuracy metrics. The model has an advantage of being constructed from a relatively small number of layers. This reduces the computer resources and computational time. Moreover, we test our model on two types of datasets and argue that the currently developed deep-learning-based methods cannot efficiently distinguish between infected and contaminated cells. A more precise study of suspicious regions is required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolution%20neural%20network" title="convolution neural network">convolution neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malaria" title=" malaria"> malaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20blood%20smears" title=" thin blood smears"> thin blood smears</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131600/malaria-parasite-detection-using-deep-learning-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">288</span> Electrohydrodynamic Patterning for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering for Point-of-Care Diagnostics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20J.%20Rickard">J. J. Rickard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Belli"> A. Belli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Goldberg%20Oppenheimer"> P. Goldberg Oppenheimer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, homeland security and forensics increasingly demand specific and field-deployable analytical technologies for quick point-of-care diagnostics. Although technological advancements have made optical methods well-suited for miniaturization, a highly-sensitive detection technique for minute sample volumes is required. Raman spectroscopy is a well-known analytical tool, but has very weak signals and hence is unsuitable for trace level analysis. Enhancement via localized optical fields (surface plasmons resonances) on nanoscale metallic materials generates huge signals in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), enabling single molecule detection. This enhancement can be tuned by manipulation of the surface roughness and architecture at the sub-micron level. Nevertheless, the development and application of SERS has been inhibited by the irreproducibility and complexity of fabrication routes. The ability to generate straightforward, cost-effective, multiplex-able and addressable SERS substrates with high enhancements is of profound interest for SERS-based sensing devices. While most SERS substrates are manufactured by conventional lithographic methods, the development of a cost-effective approach to create nanostructured surfaces is a much sought-after goal in the SERS community. Here, a method is established to create controlled, self-organized, hierarchical nanostructures using electrohydrodynamic (HEHD) instabilities. The created structures are readily fine-tuned, which is an important requirement for optimizing SERS to obtain the highest enhancements. HEHD pattern formation enables the fabrication of multiscale 3D structured arrays as SERS-active platforms. Importantly, each of the HEHD-patterned individual structural units yield a considerable SERS enhancement. This enables each single unit to function as an isolated sensor. Each of the formed structures can be effectively tuned and tailored to provide high SERS enhancement, while arising from different HEHD morphologies. The HEHD fabrication of sub-micrometer architectures is straightforward and robust, providing an elegant route for high-throughput biological and chemical sensing. The superior detection properties and the ability to fabricate SERS substrates on the miniaturized scale, will facilitate the development of advanced and novel opto-fluidic devices, such as portable detection systems, and will offer numerous applications in biomedical diagnostics, forensics, ecological warfare and homeland security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20electrohydrodynamic%20patterning" title="hierarchical electrohydrodynamic patterning">hierarchical electrohydrodynamic patterning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20diagnostics" title=" medical diagnostics"> medical diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-of%20care%20devices" title=" point-of care devices"> point-of care devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERS" title=" SERS"> SERS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39331/electrohydrodynamic-patterning-for-surface-enhanced-raman-scattering-for-point-of-care-diagnostics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">287</span> The Importance of Development in Laboratory Diagnosis at the Intersection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agus%20Sahri">Agus Sahri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cahya%20Putra%20Dinata"> Cahya Putra Dinata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faishal%20Andhi%20Rokhman"> Faishal Andhi Rokhman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intersection is a critical area on a highway which is a place of conflict points and congestion due to the meeting of two or more roads. Conflicts that occur at the intersection include diverging, merging, weaving, and crossing. To deal with these conflicts, a crossing control system is needed, at a plot of intersection there are two control systems namely signal intersections and non-signalized intersections. The control system at a plot of intersection can affect the intersection performance. In Indonesia there are still many intersections with poor intersection performance. In analyzing the parameters to measure the performance of a plot of intersection in Indonesia, it is guided by the 1997 Indonesian Road Capacity Manual. For this reason, this study aims to develop laboratory diagnostics at plot intersections to analyze parameters that can affect the performance of an intersection. The research method used is <em>research and development.</em> The laboratory diagnosis includes anamnesis, differential diagnosis, inspection, diagnosis, prognosis, specimens, analysis and sample data analysts. It is expected that this research can encourage the development and application of laboratory diagnostics at a plot of intersection in Indonesia so that intersections can function optimally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intersection" title="intersection">intersection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20laboratory%20diagnostic" title=" the laboratory diagnostic"> the laboratory diagnostic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20systems" title=" control systems"> control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108403/the-importance-of-development-in-laboratory-diagnosis-at-the-intersection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">286</span> Fast Prototyping of Precise, Flexible, Multiplexed, Printed Electrochemical Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay System for Point-of-Care Biomarker Quantification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahrasadat%20Hosseini">Zahrasadat Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Yuan"> Jie Yuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices based on lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology have the potential to revolutionize medical diagnostics. However, the development of an ideal microfluidic system based on LOC technology for diagnostics purposes requires overcoming several obstacles, such as improving sensitivity, selectivity, portability, cost-effectiveness, and prototyping methods. While numerous studies have introduced technologies and systems that advance these criteria, existing systems still have limitations. Electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (e-ELISA) in a LOC device offers numerous advantages, including enhanced sensitivity, decreased turnaround time, minimized sample and analyte consumption, reduced cost, disposability, and suitability for miniaturization, integration, and multiplexing. In this study, we present a novel design and fabrication method for a microfluidic diagnostic platform that integrates screen-printed electrochemical carbon/silver chloride electrodes on flexible printed circuit boards with flexible, multilayer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic networks to accurately manipulate and pre-immobilize analytes for performing electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (e-ELISA) for multiplexed quantification of blood serum biomarkers. We further demonstrate fast, cost-effective prototyping, as well as accurate and reliable detection performance of this device for quantification of interleukin-6-spiked samples through electrochemical analytics methods. We anticipate that our invention represents a significant step towards the development of user-friendly, portable, medical-grade, POC diagnostic devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lab-on-a-chip" title="lab-on-a-chip">lab-on-a-chip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-of-care%20diagnostics" title=" point-of-care diagnostics"> point-of-care diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20ELISA" title=" electrochemical ELISA"> electrochemical ELISA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker%20quantification" title=" biomarker quantification"> biomarker quantification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20prototyping" title=" fast prototyping"> fast prototyping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169509/fast-prototyping-of-precise-flexible-multiplexed-printed-electrochemical-enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay-system-for-point-of-care-biomarker-quantification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">285</span> Fast Prototyping of Precise, Flexible, Multiplexed, Printed Electrochemical Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Platform for Point-of-Care Biomarker Quantification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahrasadat%20Hosseini">Zahrasadat Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Yuan"> Jie Yuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices based on lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology have the potential to revolutionize medical diagnostics. However, the development of an ideal microfluidic system based on LOC technology for diagnostics purposes requires overcoming several obstacles, such as improving sensitivity, selectivity, portability, cost-effectiveness, and prototyping methods. While numerous studies have introduced technologies and systems that advance these criteria, existing systems still have limitations. Electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (e-ELISA) in a LOC device offers numerous advantages, including enhanced sensitivity, decreased turnaround time, minimized sample and analyte consumption, reduced cost, disposability, and suitability for miniaturization, integration, and multiplexing. In this study, we present a novel design and fabrication method for a microfluidic diagnostic platform that integrates screen-printed electrochemical carbon/silver chloride electrodes on flexible printed circuit boards with flexible, multilayer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic networks to accurately manipulate and pre-immobilize analytes for performing electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (e-ELISA) for multiplexed quantification of blood serum biomarkers. We further demonstrate fast, cost-effective prototyping, as well as accurate and reliable detection performance of this device for quantification of interleukin-6-spiked samples through electrochemical analytics methods. We anticipate that our invention represents a significant step towards the development of user-friendly, portable, medical-grade POC diagnostic devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lab-on-a-chip" title="lab-on-a-chip">lab-on-a-chip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-of-care%20diagnostics" title=" point-of-care diagnostics"> point-of-care diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20ELISA" title=" electrochemical ELISA"> electrochemical ELISA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker%20quantification" title=" biomarker quantification"> biomarker quantification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20prototyping" title=" fast prototyping"> fast prototyping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169508/fast-prototyping-of-precise-flexible-multiplexed-printed-electrochemical-enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay-platform-for-point-of-care-biomarker-quantification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">284</span> Building Atmospheric Moisture Diagnostics: Environmental Monitoring and Data Collection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Lopez-Arce">Paula Lopez-Arce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hector%20Altamirano"> Hector Altamirano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrios%20Rovas"> Dimitrios Rovas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Berry"> James Berry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bryan%20Hindle"> Bryan Hindle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steven%20Hodgson"> Steven Hodgson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Efficient mould remediation and accurate moisture diagnostics leading to condensation and mould growth in dwellings are largely untapped. Number of factors are contributing to the rising trend of excessive moisture in homes mainly linked with modern living, increased levels of occupation and rising fuel costs, as well as making homes more energy efficient. Environmental monitoring by means of data collection though loggers sensors and survey forms has been performed in a range of buildings from different UK regions. Air and surface temperature and relative humidity values of residential areas affected by condensation and/or mould issues were recorded. Additional measurements were taken through different trials changing type, location, and position of loggers. In some instances, IR thermal images and ventilation rates have also been acquired. Results have been interpreted together with environmental key parameters by processing and connecting data from loggers and survey questionnaires, both in buildings with and without moisture issues. Monitoring exercises carried out during Winter and Spring time show the importance of developing and following accurate protocols for guidance to obtain consistent, repeatable and comparable results and to improve the performance of environmental monitoring. A model and a protocol are being developed to build a diagnostic tool with the goal of performing a simple but precise residential atmospheric moisture diagnostics to distinguish the cause entailing condensation and mould generation, i.e., ventilation, insulation or heating systems issue. This research shows the relevance of monitoring and processing environmental data to assign moisture risk levels and determine the origin of condensation or mould when dealing with a building atmospheric moisture excess. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20monitoring" title="environmental monitoring">environmental monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20moisture" title=" atmospheric moisture"> atmospheric moisture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protocols" title=" protocols"> protocols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mould" title=" mould"> mould</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95347/building-atmospheric-moisture-diagnostics-environmental-monitoring-and-data-collection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">283</span> Developing Manufacturing Process for the Graphene Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Faqihi">Abdullah Faqihi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Hedley"> John Hedley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biosensors play a significant role in the healthcare sectors, scientific and technological progress. Developing electrodes that are easy to manufacture and deliver better electrochemical performance is advantageous for diagnostics and biosensing. They can be implemented extensively in various analytical tasks such as drug discovery, food safety, medical diagnostics, process controls, security and defence, in addition to environmental monitoring. Development of biosensors aims to create high-performance electrochemical electrodes for diagnostics and biosensing. A biosensor is a device that inspects the biological and chemical reactions generated by the biological sample. A biosensor carries out biological detection via a linked transducer and transmits the biological response into an electrical signal; stability, selectivity, and sensitivity are the dynamic and static characteristics that affect and dictate the quality and performance of biosensors. In this research, a developed experimental study for laser scribing technique for graphene oxide inside a vacuum chamber for processing of graphene oxide is presented. The processing of graphene oxide (GO) was achieved using the laser scribing technique. The effect of the laser scribing on the reduction of GO was investigated under two conditions: atmosphere and vacuum. GO solvent was coated onto a LightScribe DVD. The laser scribing technique was applied to reduce GO layers to generate rGO. The micro-details for the morphological structures of rGO and GO were visualised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy so that they could be examined. The first electrode was a traditional graphene-based electrode model, made under normal atmospheric conditions, whereas the second model was a developed graphene electrode fabricated under a vacuum state using a vacuum chamber. The purpose was to control the vacuum conditions, such as the air pressure and the temperature during the fabrication process. The parameters to be assessed include the layer thickness and the continuous environment. Results presented show high accuracy and repeatability achieving low cost productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20scribing" title="laser scribing">laser scribing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightscribe%20DVD" title=" lightscribe DVD"> lightscribe DVD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning%20electron%20microscopy" title=" scanning electron microscopy"> scanning electron microscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132492/developing-manufacturing-process-for-the-graphene-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">282</span> Risk Factors for Severe Typhoid Fever in Children: A French Retrospective Study about 78 Cases from 2000-2017 in Six Parisian Hospitals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Soliman">Jonathan Soliman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Cavasino"> Thomas Cavasino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginie%20Pommelet"> Virginie Pommelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lahouari%20Amor"> Lahouari Amor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20Mornand"> Pierre Mornand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Escoda"> Simon Escoda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Droz"> Nina Droz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soraya%20Matczak"> Soraya Matczak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julie%20Toubiana"> Julie Toubiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Angoulvant"> François Angoulvant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Etienne%20Carbonnelle"> Etienne Carbonnelle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Faye"> Albert Faye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loic%20de%20Pontual"> Loic de Pontual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luu-Ly%20Pham"> Luu-Ly Pham </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are systemic infections caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi or paratyphi (A, B, C). Children traveling to tropical areas are at risk to contract these diseases which can be complicated. Methods: Clinical, biological and bacteriological data were collected from 78 pediatric cases reported between 2000 and 2017 in six Parisian hospitals. Children aged 0 to 18 years old, with a diagnosis of typhoid or paratyphoid fever confirmed by bacteriological exams, were included. Epidemiologic, clinical, biological features and presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria or intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (nalidixic acid resistant) were examined by univariate analysis and by logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors of severe typhoid in children. Results: 84,6% of the children were imported cases of typhoid fever (n=66/78) and 15,4% were autochthonous cases (n=12/78). 89,7% were caused by S.typhi (n=70/78) and 12,8% by S.paratyphi (n=10/78) including 2 co-infections. 19,2% were intrafamilial cases (n=15/78). Median age at diagnosis was 6,4 years-old [6 months-17,9 years]. 28,2% of the cases were complicated forms (n=22/78): digestive (n=8; 10,3%), neurological (n=7; 9%), pulmonary complications (n=4; 5,1%) and hemophagocytic syndrome (n=4; 5,1%). Only 5% of the children had prior immunization with typhoid non-conjugated vaccine (n=4/78). 28% of the cases (n=22/78) were caused by resistant bacteria. Thrombocytopenia and diagnosis delay was significantly associated with severe infection (p= 0.029 and p=0,01). Complicated forms were more common with MDR (p=0,1) and not statistically associated with a young age or sex in this study. Conclusions: Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are not rare in children back from tropical areas. This multicentric pediatric study seems to show that thrombocytopenia, diagnosis delay, and multidrug resistant bacteria are associated with severe typhoid fever and complicated forms in children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20resistance" title="antimicrobial resistance">antimicrobial resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmonella%20enterica%20typhi%20and%20paratyphi" title=" Salmonella enterica typhi and paratyphi"> Salmonella enterica typhi and paratyphi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20typhoid" title=" severe typhoid"> severe typhoid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97365/risk-factors-for-severe-typhoid-fever-in-children-a-french-retrospective-study-about-78-cases-from-2000-2017-in-six-parisian-hospitals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">281</span> Metabolomics Profile Recognition for Cancer Diagnostics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentina%20L.%20Kouznetsova">Valentina L. Kouznetsova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20W.%20Wang"> Jonathan W. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20F.%20Tsigelny"> Igor F. Tsigelny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metabolomics has become a rising field of research for various diseases, particularly cancer. Increases or decreases in metabolite concentrations in the human body are indicative of various cancers. Further elucidation of metabolic pathways and their significance in cancer research may greatly spur medicinal discovery. We analyzed the metabolomics profiles of lung cancer. Thirty-three metabolites were selected as significant. These metabolites are involved in 37 metabolic pathways delivered by MetaboAnalyst software. The top pathways are glyoxylate and dicarboxylate pathway (its hubs are formic acid and glyoxylic acid) along with Citrate cycle pathway followed by Taurine and hypotaurine pathway (the hubs in the latter are taurine and sulfoacetaldehyde) and Glycine, serine, and threonine pathway (the hubs are glycine and L-serine). We studied interactions of the metabolites with the proteins involved in cancer-related signaling networks, and developed an approach to metabolomics biomarker use in cancer diagnostics. Our analysis showed that a significant part of lung-cancer-related metabolites interacts with main cancer-related signaling pathways present in this network: PI3K–mTOR–AKT pathway, RAS–RAF–ERK1/2 pathway, and NFKB pathway. These results can be employed for use of metabolomics profiles in elucidation of the related cancer proteins signaling networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title="cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolites" title=" metabolites"> metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20pathway" title=" metabolic pathway"> metabolic pathway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signaling%20pathway" title=" signaling pathway"> signaling pathway</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54096/metabolomics-profile-recognition-for-cancer-diagnostics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">280</span> Noninvasive Disease Diagnosis through Breath Analysis Using DNA-functionalized SWNT Sensor Array</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20J.%20Zhang">W. J. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Q.%20Du"> Y. Q. Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20Wang"> M. L. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Noninvasive diagnostics of diseases via breath analysis has attracted considerable scientific and clinical interest for many years and become more and more promising with the rapid advancement in nanotechnology and biotechnology. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath, which are mainly blood borne, particularly provide highly valuable information about individuals’ physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Additionally, breath analysis is noninvasive, real-time, painless and agreeable to patients. We have developed a wireless sensor array based on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-decorated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) for the detection of a number of physiological indicators in breath. Eight DNA sequences were used to functionalize SWNT sensors to detect trace amount of methanol, benzene, dimethyl sulfide, hydrogen sulfide, acetone and ethanol, which are indicators of heavy smoking, excessive drinking, and diseases such as lung cancer, breast cancer, cirrhosis and diabetes. Our tests indicated that DNA functionalized SWNT sensors exhibit great selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and repeatability. Furthermore, different molecules can be distinguished through pattern recognition enabled by this sensor array. Thus, the DNA-SWNT sensor array has great potential to be applied in chemical or bimolecular detection for the noninvasive diagnostics of diseases and health monitoring. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breath%20analysis" title="breath analysis">breath analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA-SWNT%20sensor%20array" title=" DNA-SWNT sensor array"> DNA-SWNT sensor array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noninvasive" title=" noninvasive"> noninvasive</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36968/noninvasive-disease-diagnosis-through-breath-analysis-using-dna-functionalized-swnt-sensor-array" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">279</span> Out of Pocket Costs for Patients with Tuberculosis in Colombia: Evidence from Three Metropolitan Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20Hernandez">Jose Hernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mart%C3%ADnez"> Lina Martínez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gustavo%20Gonzalez"> Gustavo Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20L%C3%A1zaro"> Carlos Lázaro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Castrillon"> Diana Castrillon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Cardona"> Jonathan Cardona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Mej%C3%ADa"> Laura Mejía</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yina%20Sanchez"> Yina Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luisa%20Ochoa"> Luisa Ochoa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evert%20Jimenez"> Evert Jimenez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Economic analyses of tuberculosis control interventions are usually focused on the payer’s perspective. To assess the overall economic impact of the disease, out-of-pocket and indirect costs are also required. This research is aimed to estimate overall economic impact under DOTS-strategy (Directly Observed Therapy Short Course). Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 91 adult tuberculosis patients in treatment for at least two months was conducted from the society perspective. A standardized questionnaire was used in three different cities of Colombia: Medellin (poverty is 17.7%), Monteria (poverty is 36.9%) and Quibdó (poverty is 51.2%). Costs were converted to 2013 USD and categorized into two periods: diagnostics phase and treatment. Results: The median cost during diagnostics was 13$ (±SD 9.5). The median monthly patient out-of-pocket costs during treatment were 32$ (±SD 6.8), equivalent to 17% of patient’s median monthly income, estimated in 186$ (±SD 23). Costs recorded in Medellin were 47$ in Monteria was 18$ and in Quibdó was 13$. Conclusion: Patient costs under DOTS strategy are high even when services are provided free of charge. The creation or strengthening of community-based treatment supervisors could greatly impact costs of tuberculosis and lower drop-outs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title="tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=costs%20and%20cost%20analysis" title=" costs and cost analysis"> costs and cost analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20promotion" title=" health promotion"> health promotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colombia" title=" Colombia"> Colombia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5825/out-of-pocket-costs-for-patients-with-tuberculosis-in-colombia-evidence-from-three-metropolitan-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">278</span> Laboratory Diagnostic Testing of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nino%20G.%20Vepkhvadze">Nino G. Vepkhvadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tea%20Enukidze"> Tea Enukidze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Every year the number of countries around the world face the risk of the spread of infectious diseases that bring significant ecological and social-economic damage. Hence, the importance of food product safety is emphasized that is the issue of interest for many countries. To solve them, it’s necessary to conduct preventive measures against the diseases, have accurate diagnostic results, leadership, and management. The Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) disease is caused by a morbillivirus closely related to the rinderpest virus. PPR is a transboundary disease as it emerges and evolves, considered as one of the top most damaging animal diseases. The disease imposed a serious threat to sheep-breeding when the farms of sheep, goats are significantly growing within the country. In January 2016, PPR was detected in Georgia. Up to present the origin of the virus, the age relationship of affected ruminants and the distribution of PPRV in Georgia remains unclear. Due to the nature of PPR, and breeding practices in the country, reemerging of the disease in Georgia is highly likely. The purpose of the studies is to provide laboratories with efficient tools allowing the early detection of PPR emergence and re-emergences. This study is being accomplished under the Biological Threat Reduction Program project with the support of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). The purpose of the studies is to investigate the samples and identify areas at high risk of the disease. Georgia has a high density of small ruminant herds bred as free-ranging, close to international borders. Kakheti region, Eastern Georgia, will be considered as area of high priority for PPR surveillance. For this reason, in 2019, in Kakheti region investigated n=484 sheep and goat serum and blood samples from the same animals, utilized serology and molecular biology methods. All samples were negative by RT-PCR, and n=6 sheep samples were seropositive by ELISA-Ab. Future efforts will be concentrated in areas where the risk of PPR might be high such as international bordering regions of Georgia. For diagnostics, it is important to integrate the PPRV knowledge with epidemiological data. Based on these diagnostics, the relevant agencies will be able to control the disease surveillance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20disease" title="animal disease">animal disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=especially%20dangerous%20pathogen" title=" especially dangerous pathogen"> especially dangerous pathogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laboratory%20diagnostics" title=" laboratory diagnostics"> laboratory diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virus" title=" virus"> virus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116048/laboratory-diagnostic-testing-of-peste-des-petits-ruminants-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">277</span> Sensitivity and Specificity of Some Serological Tests Used for Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Egypt on Bacteriological and Molecular Basis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hosein%20I.%20Hosein">Hosein I. Hosein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ragab%20Azzam"> Ragab Azzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20S.%20%20Menshawy"> Ahmed M. S. Menshawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherin%20Rouby"> Sherin Rouby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Hendy"> Khaled Hendy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20Mahrous"> Ayman Mahrous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hany%20Hussien"> Hany Hussien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Brucellosis is a highly contagious bacterial zoonotic disease of a worldwide spread and has different names; Infectious or enzootic abortion and Bang's disease in animals; and Mediterranean or Malta fever, Undulant Fever and Rock fever in humans. It is caused by the different species of genus Brucella which is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore forming, facultative intracellular bacterium. Brucella affects a wide range of mammals including bovines, small ruminants, pigs, equines, rodents, marine mammals as well as human resulting in serious economic losses in animal populations. In human, Brucella causes a severe illness representing a great public health problem. The disease was reported in Egypt for the first time in 1939; since then the disease remained endemic at high levels among cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat and is still representing a public health hazard. The annual economic losses due to brucellosis were estimated to be about 60 million Egyptian pounds yearly, but actual estimates are still missing despite almost 30 years of implementation of the Egyptian control programme. Despite being the gold standard, bacterial isolation has been reported to show poor sensitivity for samples with low-level of Brucella and is impractical for regular screening of large populations. Thus, serological tests still remain the corner stone for routine diagnosis of brucellosis, especially in developing countries. In the present study, a total of 1533 cows (256 from Beni-Suef Governorate, 445 from Al-Fayoum Governorate and 832 from Damietta Governorate), were employed for estimation of relative sensitivity, relative specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of buffered acidified plate antigen test (BPAT), rose bengal test (RBT) and complement fixation test (CFT). The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis revealed (19.63%). Relative sensitivity, relative specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of BPAT,RBT and CFT were estimated as, (96.27 %, 96.76 %, 87.65 % and 99.10 %), (93.42 %, 96.27 %, 90.16 % and 98.35%) and (89.30 %, 98.60 %, 94.35 %and 97.24 %) respectively. BPAT showed the highest sensitivity among the three employed serological tests. RBT was less specific than BPAT. CFT showed the least sensitivity 89.30 % among the three employed serological tests but showed the highest specificity. Different tissues specimens of 22 seropositive cows (spleen, retropharyngeal udder, and supra-mammary lymph nodes) were subjected for bacteriological studies for isolation and identification of Brucella organisms. Brucella melitensis biovar 3 could be recovered from 12 (54.55%) cows. Bacteriological examinations failed to classify 10 cases (45.45%) and were culture negative. Bruce-ladder PCR was carried out for molecular identification of the 12 Brucella isolates at the species level. Three fragments of 587 bp, 1071 bp and 1682 bp sizes were amplified indicating Brucella melitensis. The results indicated the importance of using several procedures to overcome the problem of escaping of some infected animals from diagnosis.Bruce-ladder PCR is an important tool for diagnosis and epidemiologic studies, providing relevant information for identification of Brucella spp. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brucellosis" title="brucellosis">brucellosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20sensitivity" title=" relative sensitivity"> relative sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20specificity" title=" relative specificity"> relative specificity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruce-ladder" title=" Bruce-ladder"> Bruce-ladder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64322/sensitivity-and-specificity-of-some-serological-tests-used-for-diagnosis-of-bovine-brucellosis-in-egypt-on-bacteriological-and-molecular-basis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">276</span> Design and Construction of Temperature and Humidity Control Channel for a Bacteriological Incubator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20R.%20Duharte%20Rodr%C3%ADguez">Carlos R. Duharte Rodríguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrain%20Ceballo%20Acosta"> Ibrain Ceballo Acosta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carmen%20B.%20Busoch%20Morl%C3%A1n"> Carmen B. Busoch Morlán</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20Regueiro%20G%C3%B3mez"> Angel Regueiro Gómez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annet%20Martinez%20Hern%C3%A1ndez"> Annet Martinez Hernández</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work shows the designing and characterization of a prototype of laboratory incubator as support of research in Microbiology, in particular during studies of bacterial growth in biological samples, with the help of optic methods (Turbidimetry) and electrometric measurements of bioimpedance. It shows the results of simulation and experimentation of the design proposed for the canals of measurement of the variables: temperature and humidity, with a high linearity from the adequate selection of sensors and analogue components of every channel, controlled with help of a microcontroller AT89C51 (ATMEL) with adequate benefits for this type of application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiology" title="microbiology">microbiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20growth" title=" bacterial growth"> bacterial growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incubation%20station" title=" incubation station"> incubation station</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43385/design-and-construction-of-temperature-and-humidity-control-channel-for-a-bacteriological-incubator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">275</span> Study of the Protection of Induction Motors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bencheikh%20Abdellah">Bencheikh Abdellah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a mathematical model dedicated to the simulation breaks bars in a three-phase cage induction motor. This model is based on a mesh circuit representing the rotor cage. The tested simulation allowed us to demonstrate the effectiveness of this model to describe the behavior of the machine in a healthy state, failure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AC%20motors" title="AC motors">AC motors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=squirrel%20cage" title=" squirrel cage"> squirrel cage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostics" title=" diagnostics"> diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title=" MATLAB"> MATLAB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SIMULINK" title=" SIMULINK"> SIMULINK</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19635/study-of-the-protection-of-induction-motors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">274</span> Minimizing thought Communication Gap between Designer and Client Using the Projective Personality Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hira">Hira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nisar%20Bhatti"> Nisar Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezza"> Ezza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Contemporary studies support the strong co-relation between psychology and design. This study elaborates how different psychological personality test can help a fashion designer to judge the needs of their clients with respect to the customized clothing. This study will also help the designer to improve the lacking in the personality and will enable him to put his effort in required areas for grooming the customer. The use of psychology test to support the choice of certain design strategies that how the right clothing can make client a better intellectual with enhanced self-esteem and confidence. Different projective personality test are being used to suggest to evaluate personality traits. The Rorschach Inkblot Test is projective mental comprising of 10 ink-blots synonymous with the clinical brain research. Lüsher Color Diagnostics measures a person’s psycho physical state, his or her ability to withstand stress to perform and communicate. HTP is a projective responsibility test measuring self-perception, attitudes. The TAT test intend to evaluate a person’s patterns of thoughts, attitudes, observation, capacity and emotional response to this ambiguous test materials. No doubt designers are already crucially redesigning the individuals by their attires, but to expose the behavioral mechanism of the customer, designers should be able to recognize the hidden complexity behind his client by using the above mentioned methods. The study positively finds the design and psychology need to become substantially contacted in order to create a new regime of norms to groom a personality under the concentration and services of a fashion designer in terms of clothing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=projective%20personality%20tests" title="projective personality tests">projective personality tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customized%20clothing" title=" customized clothing"> customized clothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rorschach%20Inkblot%20Test" title=" Rorschach Inkblot Test"> Rorschach Inkblot Test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TAT" title=" TAT"> TAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTP" title=" HTP"> HTP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%BCsher%20Color%20Diagnostics" title=" Lüsher Color Diagnostics "> Lüsher Color Diagnostics </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26006/minimizing-thought-communication-gap-between-designer-and-client-using-the-projective-personality-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">273</span> Combining the Production of Radiopharmaceuticals with the Department of Radionuclide Diagnostics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umedov%20Mekhroz">Umedov Mekhroz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Griaznova%20Svetlana"> Griaznova Svetlana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In connection with the growth of oncological diseases, the design of centers for diagnostics and the production of radiopharmaceuticals is the most relevant area of healthcare facilities. The design of new nuclear medicine centers should be carried out from the standpoint of solving the following tasks: the availability of medical care, functionality, environmental friendliness, sustainable development, improving the safety of drugs, the use of which requires special care, reducing the rate of environmental pollution, ensuring comfortable conditions for the internal microclimate, adaptability. The purpose of this article is to substantiate architectural and planning solutions, formulate recommendations and principles for the design of nuclear medicine centers and determine the connections between the production and medical functions of a building. The advantages of combining the production of radiopharmaceuticals and the department of medical care: less radiation activity is accumulated, the cost of the final product is lower, and there is no need to hire a transport company with a special license for transportation. A medical imaging department is a structural unit of a medical institution in which diagnostic procedures are carried out in order to gain an idea of the internal structure of various organs of the body for clinical analysis. Depending on the needs of a particular institution, the department may include various rooms that provide medical imaging using radiography, ultrasound diagnostics, and the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance. The production of radiopharmaceuticals is an object intended for the production of a pharmaceutical substance containing a radionuclide and intended for introduction into the human body or laboratory animal for the purpose of diagnosis, evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment, or for biomedical research. The research methodology includes the following subjects: study and generalization of international experience in scientific research, literature, standards, teaching aids, and design materials on the topic of research; An integrated approach to the study of existing international experience of PET / CT scan centers and the production of radiopharmaceuticals; Elaboration of graphical analysis and diagrams based on the system analysis of the processed information; Identification of methods and principles of functional zoning of nuclear medicine centers. The result of the research is the identification of the design principles of nuclear medicine centers with the functions of the production of radiopharmaceuticals and the department of medical imaging. This research will be applied to the design and construction of healthcare facilities in the field of nuclear medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20planning%20solutions" title="architectural planning solutions">architectural planning solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20zoning" title=" functional zoning"> functional zoning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20medicine" title=" nuclear medicine"> nuclear medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET%2FCT%20scan" title=" PET/CT scan"> PET/CT scan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20of%20radiopharmaceuticals" title=" production of radiopharmaceuticals"> production of radiopharmaceuticals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141814/combining-the-production-of-radiopharmaceuticals-with-the-department-of-radionuclide-diagnostics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">272</span> Effect of Waste Dumping on Groundwater Quality at Guntun Layi Funtua, Katsina State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isiya%20Aminu%20Dabai">Isiya Aminu Dabai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adebola%20Kayode"> Adebola Kayode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeosun%20Kayode%20Daniel"> Adeosun Kayode Daniel </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rural water supply relies mainly on groundwater exploitation, because it is more accessible, reliable, cheaper to develop and maintain, also with good quality compared to the surface water. Despite these advantages, groundwater has come under pollution threats like waste dumps, mineral exploitation, industrialization etc. This study investigates the effects of an open dumping to the surrounding groundwater. Ten hand dug well water samples were collected from the surroundings and tested. The average result shows that temperature, colour and turbidity to be 8.50 c, 6.1 TCU and 3.1 NTU respectively and pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, chloride content and hardness to be 7.2, 4.78, 1.8, 5.7, and 3.4 respectively while in the bacteriological test well no. 1, 2, 3, and 5 shows the presence of coliforms and E. Coli bacteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwater" title="groundwater">groundwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dump%20site" title=" dump site"> dump site</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsafe" title=" unsafe"> unsafe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality "> quality </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18514/effect-of-waste-dumping-on-groundwater-quality-at-guntun-layi-funtua-katsina-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18514.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">681</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20diagnostics&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20diagnostics&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20diagnostics&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20diagnostics&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20diagnostics&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20diagnostics&page=12">12</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20diagnostics&page=3" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul 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